WO2015100642A1 - 一种天线的匹配电路 - Google Patents

一种天线的匹配电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015100642A1
WO2015100642A1 PCT/CN2013/091173 CN2013091173W WO2015100642A1 WO 2015100642 A1 WO2015100642 A1 WO 2015100642A1 CN 2013091173 W CN2013091173 W CN 2013091173W WO 2015100642 A1 WO2015100642 A1 WO 2015100642A1
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Prior art keywords
antenna
matching circuit
circuit
bandwidth
branch
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PCT/CN2013/091173
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王洪裕
吕书文
张慧敏
吴彬
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华为终端有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/091173 priority Critical patent/WO2015100642A1/zh
Publication of WO2015100642A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015100642A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/335Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors at the feed, e.g. for impedance matching

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of communications, and in particular relates to a matching circuit of an antenna. Background technique
  • the frequency band of the antenna is wider and wider.
  • the bandwidth of the 3G antenna is 824-960Mhz and 1710-2170Mhz
  • the general-purpose market has frequency bands of 704-960Mhz and 1710-2690Mhz, of which the low-frequency bandwidth is increased by 120Mhz, and the high-frequency bandwidth is increased by 520Mhz, which poses an increasing challenge to the broadband design of the antenna.
  • the matching circuit introduced in the antenna does not participate in the radiation, so the gain bandwidth in the entire bandwidth of the antenna does not increase, only the frequency band is moved and the gain and bandwidth are balanced, so the bandwidth broadening is limited, on the other hand Due to device losses, the introduction of matching circuits reduces the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
  • the switching circuit or the tunable circuit introduced in the antenna cannot cover the wide frequency band at the same time, and the line is easily dropped due to the frequency offset in the hand mode or the head mode; the switching circuit or the tunable circuit brings the difference and the active
  • the noise has an impact on the transceiver system; the circuit and software implementation is complex.
  • a matching circuit of an antenna includes a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna series inductance L or an equivalent circuit is an inductive matching circuit, and the second antenna series capacitor C Or the equivalent circuit is a capacitive matching circuit, and the first antenna and the second antenna are connected to the signal input end of the antenna in parallel;
  • the inductance L or the equivalent circuit is the inductance L value of the inductive matching circuit and the capacitance C of the capacitance C or the equivalent circuit is a capacitive matching circuit such that the bandwidth of the antenna is broadened.
  • the matching circuit includes the third antenna, the third antenna includes two branches, and each branch is connected in series with at least one feeding point;
  • the first branch series inductance L or the equivalent circuit of the third antenna is an inductive matching circuit;
  • the second branch series capacitor C of the third antenna or an equivalent circuit is a capacitive matching circuit;
  • the third antenna a first branch and a second branch of the third antenna are connected in parallel to a signal input end of the antenna;
  • the inductance L or the equivalent circuit is the inductance L value of the inductive matching circuit and the capacitance C of the capacitance C or the equivalent circuit is a capacitive matching circuit such that the bandwidth of the antenna is broadened.
  • an imaginary part of an input impedance of the matching circuit of the antenna is jXin t (Rin 2 -Rin 1 )/(Rin 2 +Rin 1 );
  • the Rini and Rin 2 are respectively a real part of the input impedance of the first antenna and a real part of the input impedance of the second antenna, where jXin t is the first antenna and the second antenna are at the center The imaginary part at the frequency point.
  • the imaginary part of the input impedance of the matching circuit of the antenna is An embodiment of the present invention provides a matching circuit of an antenna, where the matching circuit includes a first antenna and a second antenna, where the first antenna series inductance L or an equivalent circuit is an inductive matching circuit, and the second antenna is connected in series.
  • the capacitor C or the equivalent circuit is a capacitive matching circuit, and the first antenna and the second antenna are connected to the signal input end of the antenna in parallel; the inductance L or the equivalent circuit is an inductive match
  • the inductance L value of the circuit and the capacitor C or the equivalent circuit are capacitance C values of the matching matching circuit such that the bandwidth of the antenna is broadened, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the antenna return loss and reducing the bandwidth.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a matching circuit of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a matching circuit of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a matching circuit of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing the return loss corresponding to Figure 3. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a matching circuit of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the matching circuit includes a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna series inductor L or an equivalent circuit is an inductive matching circuit, and the second antenna series capacitor C or an equivalent circuit is a capacitive matching circuit, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are connected in parallel to a signal input end of the antenna;
  • the inductance L or the equivalent circuit is the inductance L value of the inductive matching circuit and the capacitance C of the capacitance C or the equivalent circuit is a capacitive matching circuit such that the bandwidth of the antenna is broadened.
  • an imaginary part of the input impedance of the matching circuit of the antenna is jXin t
  • the Rini and Rin 2 are respectively a real part of the input impedance of the first antenna and a real part of the input impedance of the second antenna, where jXin t is the first antenna and the second antenna are at the center The imaginary part at the frequency point.
  • the imaginary part of the input impedance of the matching circuit of the antenna is zero.
  • Ri And Rin 2 are the real part of the impedance of antenna 1 and antenna 2, respectively, and Xi and Xin 2 are imaginary parts.
  • antenna 1 passes through series inductance L or the equivalent circuit is an inductive matching circuit, its input impedance will change to Rini+jXini. +j nfL where f is the frequency point and L is the sense value, which appears as a clockwise rotation in the impedance smith chart.
  • the impedance is (Rin 2 *Rin 1 +Xin t 2 )/(Rin 1 +Rin 2 )+ jXin t (Rins-Rin /CRins+Rin!), and the imaginary part value becomes smaller, especially when Rin ⁇ Riiii The part is zero and completely canceled.
  • the imaginary part of each frequency point is also offset to some extent, thereby increasing the bandwidth.
  • the matching circuit may include only a third antenna, and the third antenna includes two branches, and each branch is connected in series with at least one feeding point;
  • the first branch series inductance L or the equivalent circuit of the third antenna is an inductive matching circuit;
  • the second branch series capacitor C of the third antenna or an equivalent circuit is a capacitive matching circuit;
  • the third antenna a first branch and a second branch of the third antenna are connected in parallel to a signal input end of the antenna;
  • the inductance L or the equivalent circuit is the inductance L value of the inductive matching circuit and the capacitance C of the capacitance C or the equivalent circuit is a capacitive matching circuit such that the bandwidth of the antenna is broadened.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a matching circuit of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna in Fig. 2 has a plurality of feed points, and the return loss of each feed point is different. At this time, the combination of different return loss of the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 can also be used for this concept.
  • An antenna has two feed points, namely feed 1 and feed 2, wherein the input impedance obtained by feed 1 can be equivalent to the input impedance of antenna 1, and the input impedance obtained by feed 2 is equivalent to antenna 2
  • the input impedance therefore, can also broaden the bandwidth after feeding the series capacitor in series and then in parallel with the appropriate inductance in series with the feed 2 . Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3, FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a matching circuit of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • L 5.2nH
  • the impedance curve is shown by the dotted line. It can be seen that the impedance curve moves toward the homeopathic needle compared with the initial point, and there are points A (1670Mhz) and B (1630Mhz). The curve is within the return loss -6dB circle, at which point the bandwidth is subtracted from the two, ie 40Mh.
  • the -6dB bandwidth after the antenna 1 string inductance is the AB region, that is, 1630Mhz to 1670Mhz, and the antenna 2 string capacitor
  • the latter -6dB bandwidth is the CD area, that is, the bandwidth of the 1570Mhz to 1610Mhz parallel connection is the EF area, that is, 1570-1680Mhz, and the bandwidth is 30Mhz wider than the bandwidth of the two antennas.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a matching circuit of an antenna, where the matching circuit includes a first antenna and a second antenna, where the first antenna series inductance L or an equivalent circuit is an inductive matching circuit, and the second antenna is connected in series.
  • the capacitor C or the equivalent circuit is a capacitive matching circuit, and the first antenna and the second antenna are connected to the signal input end of the antenna in parallel; the inductance L or the equivalent circuit is an inductive match
  • the inductance L value of the circuit and the capacitor C or the equivalent circuit is a capacitor C value of the capacitive matching circuit such that the bandwidth of the antenna is broadened, thereby achieving the antenna return loss reduction and bandwidth reduction. the goal of.

Abstract

本发明提供一种天线的匹配电路,通过所述匹配电路包括第一天线和第二天线,所述第一天线串联电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路,所述第二天线串联电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路,所述第一天线和所述第二天线通过并联的方式连接到所述天线的信号输入端;所述电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路的电感 L值和所述电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路的电容 C值使得所述天线的带宽展宽,从而实现所述天线回损降低,带宽减少的目的。

Description

一种天线的匹配电路
技术领域
本发明属于通信领域, 尤其涉及一种天线的匹配电路。 背景技术
随着通信容量和传输速率的不断提升, 天线的频段越来越宽, 以移动通信 为例, 3G天线的频段宽带为 824-960Mhz和 1710-2170Mhz频段, 而目前全球 长期演进(Long Term Evolution, LTE ) 通用市场的频段为 704-960Mhz 和 1710-2690Mhz, 其中低频带宽提升了 120Mhz, 而高频带宽提升了 520Mhz, 这 对天线的宽频带设计提出了越来越大的挑战。
通常的, 天线中引入匹配电路并不参与辐射, 因此天线的整个带宽内的增 益带宽并未增加, 只是对频段进行搬移以及对增益和带宽之间进行了平衡, 因 此带宽展宽有限, 另一方面, 由于器件损耗, 引入匹配电路会降低天线的辐射 效率。
通常的, 天线中引入切换电路或可调电路不能同时覆盖宽频带, 在手模或 头手模模式下由于频偏的缘故容易造成掉线; 切换电路或可调电路带入差损和 有源的噪声, 对收发系统有影响; 电路和软件实现复杂。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种天线的匹配电路, 旨在解决如何通过筒单的天 线电路的结构设计实现带宽展宽的目的。 第一方面,一种天线的匹配电路, 所述匹配电路包括第一天线和第二天线, 所述第一天线串联电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路, 所述第二天线串联 电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路, 所述第一天线和所述第二天线通过并 联的方式连接到所述天线的信号输入端;
所述电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路的电感 L值和所述电容 C或者 等效电路为容性的匹配电路的电容 C值使得所述天线的带宽展宽。
结合第一方面, 在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中, 所述匹配电路包 括所述第三天线,所述第三天线包括两个分支,每个分支串联至少一个馈电点; 所述第三天线的第一分支串联电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路; 所述第三天线的第二分支串联电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路; 所述第三天线的第一分支和所述第三天线的第二分支通过并联的方式连接 到所述天线的信号输入端;
所述电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路的电感 L值和所述电容 C或者 等效电路为容性的匹配电路的电容 C值使得所述天线的带宽展宽。
结合第一方面, 在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中, 在所述第一天线 和所述第二天线并联连接的情况下, 所述天线的匹配电路的输入阻抗的虚部为 jXint (Rin2-Rin1)/(Rin2+Rin1);
其中,所述 Rini和 Rin2分别为所述第一天线的输入阻抗的实部和所述第二 天线的输入阻抗的实部, jXint为所述第一天线和所述第二天线在中心频点处 的虚部。
结合第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式, 在第一方面的第三种可能的实现 方式中,在所述 Rin^Riiii的情况下,所述天线的匹配电路的输入阻抗的虚部为 本发明实施例提供一种天线的匹配电路, 通过所述匹配电路包括第一天线 和第二天线, 所述第一天线串联电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路, 所述 第二天线串联电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路, 所述第一天线和所述第 二天线通过并联的方式连接到所述天线的信号输入端; 所述电感 L或者等效电 路为感性的匹配电路的电感 L值和所述电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路 的电容 C值使得所述天线的带宽展宽, 从而实现所述天线回损降低, 带宽减少 的目的。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案, 下面将对实施例中所需要 使用的附图作筒单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一 些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是本发明实施例提供的一种天线的匹配电路的结构图;
图 2是本发明实施例提供的一种天线的匹配电路的结构图;
图 3是本发明实施例提供的一种天线的匹配电路的结构图;
图 4是图 3对应的回波损耗图。 具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白, 以下结合附图及实 施例, 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的具体实施例仅 仅用以解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。 以下所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发 明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等, 均应包含在本发明 的保护范围之内。
参考图 1 , 图 1是本发明实施例提供的一种天线的匹配电路的结构图。 如 图 1所示, 所述匹配电路包括第一天线和第二天线, 所述第一天线串联电感 L 或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路, 所述第二天线串联电容 C或者等效电路为容 性的匹配电路, 所述第一天线和所述第二天线通过并联的方式连接到所述天线 的信号输入端;
所述电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路的电感 L值和所述电容 C或者 等效电路为容性的匹配电路的电容 C值使得所述天线的带宽展宽。
在所述第一天线和所述第二天线并联连接的情况下, 所述天线的匹配电路 的输入阻抗的虚部 jXint
Figure imgf000006_0001
其中,所述 Rini和 Rin2分别为所述第一天线的输入阻抗的实部和所述第二 天线的输入阻抗的实部, jXint为所述第一天线和所述第二天线在中心频点处 的虚部。
优选的,在所述 Rin^Riiii的情况下,所述天线的匹配电路的输入阻抗的虚 部为零。
具体的, 如图 1所述, 通过在天线 1和天线 2分别串接 L和 C, 天线 1和 天线 2的输入阻抗分别为 Zin^Rini+jXiiii和 Zin2=Rin2+jXin2, 其中 Ri 和 Rin2 分别为天线 1和天线 2的阻抗实部, Xi 和 Xin2为虚部, 当天线 1通过串联电 感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路后,其输入阻抗会变化为 Rini+jXini+j nfL 其中 f为频率点, L为感值, 其在阻抗 smith圓图的表现为顺时针旋转。 同时天 线 2通过串联电容 C或等效电路为容性的匹配电路后, 其输入阻抗会变化为 Rin2+jXinrj/(2nfC), 其在阻抗 smith圓图的表现为逆时针旋转。 通过选择合适 的 L 和 C 值, 使得 中 心频点处的 两 天线的虚部相等 , 即 jXinl+j2nf0L=-j(Xin2-l/(2nfoC)=jXint , 然后通过并联连接, 其输入阻抗为 (Rin2*Rin1+Xint 2)/(Rin1+Rin2)+ jXint (Rins-Rin /CRins+Rin!), 其虚部值变小, 尤 其当 Rin^Riiii时, 虚部为零, 完全抵消。 在中心频点附近的一段频段内, 其各 频点的虚部也进行了一定程度的抵消,从而增加了带宽,从阻抗圓图的表现后, 并联后的阻抗曲线的直径变小, 带宽增宽。
可选地,所述匹配电路可以只包括第三天线,所述第三天线包括两个分支, 每个分支串联至少一个馈电点;
所述第三天线的第一分支串联电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路; 所述第三天线的第二分支串联电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路; 所述第三天线的第一分支和所述第三天线的第二分支通过并联的方式连接 到所述天线的信号输入端;
所述电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路的电感 L值和所述电容 C或者 等效电路为容性的匹配电路的电容 C值使得所述天线的带宽展宽。
具体的, 如图 2, 图 2是本发明实施例提供的一种天线的匹配电路的结构 图。 如图 2中的天线具有多个馈电点, 每个馈电点进去的回波损耗不同, 此时 相对于天线 1和天线 2 不同回损的组合, 也可用于此概念。 一个天线具有 2个 馈电点, 即馈电 1和馈电 2, 其中馈电 1所得的输入阻抗可等效为天线 1的输 入阻抗, 而馈电 2所得的输入阻抗等效为天线 2的输入阻抗, 因此在馈电 1 串 联电容然后与馈电 2串联合适的电感相并联后, 也可展宽带宽。 参考图 3 , 图 3是本发明实施例提供的一种天线的匹配电路的结构图。 如 图 3所示, 天线 1和天线二的初始阻抗特性完全相同。 天线 1初始为点划线, 其曲线在回损 =-6dB的圓外, 因此回波损耗 -6dB的带宽为 0。 经过 L ( 5.2nH ) 后其阻抗曲线为点线所示, 可见, 此时其阻抗曲线与初始相比, 向顺势针方向 移动, 且有 A点( 1670Mhz )和 B点( 1630Mhz )范围内的曲线在回损 -6dB圓 内, 此时带宽为两者相减, 即 40Mh。 而天线 2经过 C ( lpF )后, 其阻抗曲线 为短划线所示, 其阻抗曲线与初始相比, 向逆时针方向移动, 且其阻抗圓也逐 步收敛, 且有 C点 ( 1570Mhz )和 D点 ( 1610Mhz ) 范围内的曲线在回损 -6dB 圓内, 此时带宽为两者相减, 也为 40Mhz。 此时将天线 1 串电感后的电路和天 线 2 串电容后的电路并联在一起, 即为图中实现所示, 此时 E ( 1570Mhz ) 点 和 F点( 1680Mhz )的曲线都在回损 -6dB圓内, 此时带宽为 l lOMhz, 可见 -6dB 带宽比初始两天线的带宽宽了一倍还多了 30Mhz。 图 4为与图 3对应的回波损 耗图, 从回波损耗图可以清楚看到带宽的变化情况, 天线 1 串电感后的 -6dB带 宽为 A-B区域,即 1630Mhz到 1670Mhz,而天线 2串电容后的 -6dB带宽为 C-D 区, 即 1570Mhz到 1610Mhz两者并联后的带宽为 E-F区域, 即 1570-1680Mhz, 带宽比两个天线的带宽加起来还宽 30Mhz。
本发明实施例提供一种天线的匹配电路, 通过所述匹配电路包括第一天线 和第二天线, 所述第一天线串联电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路, 所述 第二天线串联电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路, 所述第一天线和所述第 二天线通过并联的方式连接到所述天线的信号输入端; 所述电感 L或者等效电 路为感性的匹配电路的电感 L值和所述电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路 的电容 C值使得所述天线的带宽展宽, 从而实现所述天线回损降低, 带宽减少 的目的。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施方式,并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。 任何在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等, 均应包 含在本发明要求包含范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种天线的匹配电路, 其特征在于, 所述匹配电路包括第一天线和第二 天线, 所述第一天线串联电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路, 所述第二天 线串联电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路, 所述第一天线和所述第二天线 通过并联的方式连接到所述天线的信号输入端, 使得所述天线的带宽展宽。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的天线的匹配电路, 其特征在于, 所述匹配电路包 括第三天线, 所述第三天线包括两个分支, 每个分支串联至少一个馈电点; 所述第三天线的第一分支串联电感 L或者等效电路为感性的匹配电路; 所述第三天线的第二分支串联电容 C或者等效电路为容性的匹配电路; 所述第三天线的第一分支和所述第三天线的第二分支通过并联的方式连接 到所述天线的信号输入端。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的天线的匹配电路, 其特征在于, 在所述第一天线 和所述第二天线并联连接的情况下, 所述天线的匹配电路的输入阻抗的虚部为 jXint (Rin2-Rini)/(Rin2+Rini);
其中,所述 Rini和 Rin2分别为所述第一天线的输入阻抗的实部和所述第二 天线的输入阻抗的实部, jXint为所述第一天线和所述第二天线在中心频点处 的虚部。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的天线匹配电路, 其特征在于, 在所述
Figure imgf000010_0001
的情况下, 所述天线的匹配电路的输入阻抗的虚部为零。
PCT/CN2013/091173 2013-12-31 2013-12-31 一种天线的匹配电路 WO2015100642A1 (zh)

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