WO2015096162A1 - 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置、方法和系统 - Google Patents

用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置、方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015096162A1
WO2015096162A1 PCT/CN2013/090777 CN2013090777W WO2015096162A1 WO 2015096162 A1 WO2015096162 A1 WO 2015096162A1 CN 2013090777 W CN2013090777 W CN 2013090777W WO 2015096162 A1 WO2015096162 A1 WO 2015096162A1
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Prior art keywords
phase
satellite
available
module
coordinate position
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PCT/CN2013/090777
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周显文
刘俊秀
石岭
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深圳艾科创新微电子有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/090777 priority Critical patent/WO2015096162A1/zh
Priority to CN201380078921.3A priority patent/CN106574957B/zh
Publication of WO2015096162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015096162A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13Receivers
    • G01S19/34Power consumption

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of navigation and positioning, and particularly relates to a positioning device, method and system for a Beidou satellite navigation system. Background technique
  • the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is a self-developed, independent global satellite navigation system being implemented in China. It is committed to providing high-quality positioning, navigation and timing services to users around the world. The authorized users are required to provide further services, both military and civilian.
  • the current problem is that because the positioning accuracy of the Beidou satellite navigation system is about 10 meters, the positioning is not timely and inaccurate. For example, when the vehicle is driving at an elevated interchange, the origin of the display often has a small deviation from the actual position where it is located. When the vehicle enters the bus lane during peak hours, the car navigation system using the Beidou satellite navigation system does not. It may be possible to remind "open the wrong way" in real time; when the vehicle enters the highway toll station, it will not prompt which ones are ETC toll gates and which roads are regular toll gates. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above technical problems to some extent.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a positioning device for a Beidou satellite navigation system, which greatly improves the speed and accuracy of positioning.
  • a second object of the present invention is to propose a positioning method for a Beidou satellite navigation system.
  • a third object of the present invention is to propose a navigation system.
  • a fourth object of the present invention is to propose a storage medium.
  • a positioning apparatus for a Beidou satellite navigation system includes: a satellite acquisition/tracking module for capturing and tracking an available satellite, and acquiring a modulated signal transmitted by the available satellite; a code pseudorange module, configured to acquire a ranging code in the modulated signal and a locally generated replica code, and acquire a coded pseudorange between the available satellite according to the ranging code and the replica code Obtaining a first coordinate position according to the measured code pseudorange to provide to a user; a carrier signal acquiring module, configured to acquire a first carrier signal in the modulated signal according to the modulation signal and the replica code; a pseudorange module, configured to acquire a phase pseudorange with the available satellite according to the first carrier signal and the locally generated second carrier signal, and according to The phase-measuring pseudorange acquires a second coordinate position to provide to the user, and generates an interrupt signal according to the second coordinate position, and sends the interrupt signal to the code pseudo-range module to enable the The phase-measuring pseudorange acquires a second coordinate position to provide
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system obtains the coordinate position by using the code pseudo-range method in the initial stage, and can quickly perform the positioning by using the simple method of the code pseudo-distance method, which can be used in several
  • the coordinate position is provided for the user within seconds.
  • the phase pseudorange method is used for positioning, which can provide a more accurate coordinate position for the user; on the other hand, the code pseudorange And the phase-detection pseudo-range reusable satellite acquisition/tracking channel and the demodulation channel of the modulation signal, saving system power consumption; meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention combines the code pseudo-range and the phase-detection pseudo-range organically, reducing the area and Cost, effectively improve the reliability, stability and battery life of the positioning device.
  • the phase-measurement pseudo-range module is further configured to generate a full-cycle hopping interrupt signal when a full-cycle hop occurs, and send the whole-cycle hopping interrupt signal to the measurement
  • the code pseudorange module is configured to enable the code pseudo range module to open the function of acquiring the code pseudorange and the first coordinate position.
  • the method further includes: a wireless communication module; a first detecting module, configured to detect whether a signal strength of the available satellite reaches a preset strength; a wireless positioning module, configured to: signal at the available satellite When the strength does not reach the preset strength, the cell ID of the wireless communication module is obtained, and the coordinate position of the cell ID is used as the fourth coordinate position to be provided to the user.
  • the method further includes: a storage module, configured to store the observation information of the available satellite; and a second detection module, configured to detect whether the observation information of the available satellite is stored in the storage module;
  • the wireless communication module is further configured to: when detecting, that the storage module does not store the observation information of the available satellite, acquire the observation information of the available satellite from the Beidou auxiliary satellite information center.
  • the phase-detecting pseudorange module is further configured to: acquire a first phase observation value for the first available satellite and a second observation value for the second available satellite; acquire the first available satellite a first reference phase observation and a second reference observation for the second available satellite; making the first phase observation and the first reference phase observation a difference to obtain a first differential phase; Determining the second phase observation value and the second reference phase observation value to obtain a second differential phase; the first primary differential phase and the second primary differential phase at a first epoch moment Doing a difference to obtain a first second differential phase; performing a difference between the first primary differential phase and the second primary differential phase at a second epoch time to obtain a second secondary differential phase; The second differential phase and the second secondary differential phase are differenced to obtain three differential phases; and the second coordinate position is acquired according to the three differential phases.
  • the wireless communication module is further configured to acquire, from a Beidou differential reference station data processing center, a first reference phase observation value of the reference base station to the first available satellite and the second available satellite. Second reference phase observation.
  • the storage module is further configured to store a third coordinate position of the available satellite acquired by the code pseudo-range module according to the modulation signal, where the phase-detection pseudo-range module Obtaining a third coordinate position of the available satellite in the storage module to acquire the second coordinate position according to the third coordinate position and the third differential phase.
  • a positioning method for a Beidou satellite navigation system includes: S1: capturing and tracking an available satellite, and acquiring a modulated signal transmitted by the available satellite; S2: acquiring the modulation a ranging code in the signal and a locally generated replica code; S3: acquiring a code pseudorange with the available satellite according to the ranging code and the replica code, and acquiring the code according to the code pseudorange a coordinate position is provided to the user; S4: acquiring a first carrier signal in the modulated signal according to the modulation signal and the replica code; S5: acquiring according to the first carrier signal and the locally generated second carrier signal a phase-detection pseudo-range with the available satellite, and acquiring a second coordinate position according to the phase-detection pseudo-range to provide to the user; S6: generating an interrupt signal according to the second coordinate position, and according to the The interrupt signal stops executing S3.
  • the positioning method for the Beidou satellite navigation system adopts the code pseudo-range method to obtain the coordinate position in the initial stage, and the simpleness of the code pseudo-distance method can be used for rapid positioning, which can be performed in several tens
  • the coordinate position is provided for the user within seconds.
  • the phase pseudorange method is used for positioning, which can provide a more accurate coordinate position for the user; on the other hand, the code pseudorange And the phase-detection pseudo-range reusable satellite acquisition/tracking channel and the demodulation channel of the modulation signal, saving system power consumption; meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention combines the code pseudo-range and the phase-detection pseudo-range organically, reducing the area and Cost, effectively improve the reliability, stability and battery life of the positioning device.
  • the method further includes: generating a full-cycle hopping interrupt signal when the whole-cycle hop occurs, and performing S3 according to the whole-cycle hopping interrupt signal.
  • the method further includes: detecting whether a signal strength of the available satellite reaches a preset strength; acquiring, when the signal strength of the available satellite does not reach a preset strength, acquiring a cell by using the set wireless communication module ID, and the coordinate position of the cell ID is taken as a fourth coordinate position to be provided to the user.
  • the method further includes: detecting whether the observation information of the available satellite has been stored; acquiring the available satellite from the Beidou satellite information center when detecting that the observation information of the available satellite is not stored Observing information.
  • S5 comprises: obtaining a first phase observation for the first available satellite and a second observation for the second available satellite; obtaining a first reference phase observation for the first available satellite and a second reference observation for the second available satellite; the first phase observation and the first reference phase observation The value is difference to obtain the first differential phase; the second phase observation value and the second reference phase observation value are compared to obtain a second differential phase; the first epoch moment The differential phase and the second differential phase are differenced once to obtain a first second differential phase; the first differential phase and the second differential phase are made at a second epoch moment a difference to obtain a second second differential phase; a difference between the first second differential phase and the second second differential phase to obtain a third differential phase; and the second coordinate position is acquired according to the three differential phases.
  • the method further includes: obtaining, from a Beidou differential reference station data processing center, a first reference phase observation of the first available satellite by the reference base station and a second reference phase observation of the second available satellite value.
  • a navigation system includes: a Beidou differential reference station data processing center; a positioning device for a Beidou satellite navigation system, the device includes a wireless communication module, and the device is configured to pass The wireless communication module acquires reference phase observation data from the Beidou differential reference station data processing center, and acquires a first coordinate position of the device according to the reference phase observation data and the phase observation data acquired by the device.
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system acquires the coordinate position by using the code pseudo-range method in the initial stage, and the positioning of the code pseudo-range method can be quickly used for positioning.
  • the coordinate position is provided to the user within tens of seconds.
  • the phase pseudorange method is used for positioning, which can provide a more accurate coordinate position for the user;
  • the pseudorange and the phase-detection pseudorange can re-use the satellite acquisition/tracking channel and the demodulation channel of the modulated signal to save system power consumption;
  • the embodiment of the invention combines the code pseudo-range and the phase-detection pseudo-range organically to reduce Area and cost, effectively improve the reliability, stability and endurance time of the positioning device;
  • the reference phase observation data is obtained from the data processing center of the Beidou differential reference station, further increasing the positioning accuracy.
  • the method further includes: a wireless network positioning information center; wherein, the device is configured to locate from the wireless network by using the wireless communication module when a signal strength of an available satellite does not reach a preset strength
  • the information center acquires the cell ID and uses the coordinate position of the cell ID as the second coordinate position of the device to provide to the user.
  • the method further includes: a Beidou satellite information center; wherein the device is configured to obtain, by the wireless communication module, the Beidou satellite information center when the observation information of the available satellite is not stored Observational information of the available satellites.
  • a storage medium for storing an application for performing a positioning method for a Beidou satellite navigation system according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • 1 is a positioning device for a Beidou satellite navigation system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a positioning device for a Beidou satellite navigation system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a positioning device for a Beidou satellite navigation system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a positioning method for a Beidou satellite navigation system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a navigation system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the structure of a navigation system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the signal is B1I.
  • the carrier wavelength is much smaller than the code length.
  • the B1I signal ranging code rate is 2.046 Mcps
  • the symbol width is 146.5m
  • the B1 carrier has a wavelength of 19.20cm.
  • the B1I signal's ranging code has an observation error of about 1.5m.
  • the observation error of the Bl carrier is about 2.0 mm.
  • the pseudorange determined by the phase observation of the ranging code is referred to as the pseudorange of the code, and the pseudorange determined by the carrier phase observation is simply referred to as the phase pseudorange.
  • the code pseudorange is mainly used for positioning, and the calculation is small when the code pseudorange is used for positioning, and the first positioning time is short, but the positioning accuracy is low. Poor, usually around 10m.
  • carrier phase observation is the most accurate method for calculating the pseudorange of satellites and receivers (such as navigation devices).
  • the Beidou ground-based reinforcement network has been established all over the country. Based on this ground-based augmentation system, the positioning error can be reduced to the centimeter level, and all the indicators are up to or better than the mature GPS system, which lays a solid foundation for calculating the pseudorange using the carrier phase. Network reference station basis.
  • the carrier signal is a periodic sinusoidal signal, and the phase measurement can only measure the portion of less than one wavelength, so there is uncertainty of the whole number of weeks. The problem of sex makes the solving process more complicated, resulting in the first positioning time being much larger than the positioning time using the phase of the ranging code.
  • embodiments of the present invention propose a positioning apparatus and method for a Beidou satellite navigation system. The details are described below with reference to the drawings.
  • 1 is a positioning device for a Beidou satellite navigation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system includes: a satellite acquisition/tracking module 100, a code pseudo range module 200, a carrier signal acquisition module 300, and a phase measurement pseudorange module 400.
  • satellite capture/tracking module 100 is used to capture and track available satellites and acquire modulated signals transmitted by available satellites.
  • the code pseudorange module 200 is configured to acquire a ranging code in the modulated signal and a locally generated replica code, and obtain a code pseudorange between the available satellites according to the ranging code and the replica code, and obtain the pseudorange according to the measured code pseudorange.
  • the first coordinate position is provided to the user. More specifically, the code pseudorange module 200 first acquires the measured code phase according to the ranging code and the replica code, and obtains the measured code pseudorange according to the measured code phase, and obtains the ephemeris data from the modulated signal to obtain according to the ephemeris data.
  • the coordinate position of the satellite is available, and the first coordinate position is obtained according to the coordinate position and the code pseudorange.
  • the prior art can be used according to the coordinate position and the code pseudorange, and details are not described herein again.
  • the ranging code and the replica code may be correlated to obtain a coded pseudorange.
  • the calculation process may refer to the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
  • the calculation method of obtaining the first coordinate position by using the code pseudo range is simple, so it can be completed in several tens of seconds, and the calculation of the phase pseudorange obtained by the carrier phase observation needs to be completed within ten minutes. Therefore, the measurement pseudorange is reduced by nearly 60 times compared to the phase pseudorange.
  • the code pseudo-range algorithm can be used for rapid positioning.
  • the carrier signal acquisition module 300 is configured to acquire a first carrier signal in the modulated signal according to the modulation signal and the replica code. More specifically, the carrier signal acquisition module 300 multiplies the modulated signal and the replica code, and then passes through the code tracking loop and the filter circuit to generate a first carrier signal.
  • the phase measuring pseudorange module 400 is configured to acquire a phase pseudorange between the available satellites according to the first carrier signal and the locally generated second carrier signal, and obtain a second coordinate position according to the phase pseudorange to provide the user, and An interrupt signal is generated according to the second coordinate position, and the interrupt signal is sent to the code pseudo range module 200, so that the code pseudo range module 200 turns off the function of acquiring the code pseudo range and the first coordinate position.
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system obtains the coordinate position by using the code pseudo-range method in the initial stage, and can quickly perform the positioning by using the simple method of the code pseudo-distance method, which can be used in several
  • the coordinate position is provided for the user within seconds.
  • the phase pseudorange method is used for positioning, which can provide a more accurate coordinate position for the user; on the other hand, the code pseudorange And the phase-detection pseudo-range reusable satellite acquisition/tracking channel and the demodulation channel of the modulation signal, saving system power consumption; meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention combines the code pseudo-range and the phase-detection pseudo-range organically, reducing the area and Cost, effectively improve the reliability, stability and battery life of the positioning device.
  • the phase-detecting pseudo-range module 400 is further configured to generate a full-cycle hopping interrupt signal when a full-cycle hop occurs, and send the whole-cycle hopping interrupt signal to the coded pseudorange
  • the module 200 is configured to enable the code pseudo range module 200 to open the function of acquiring the code pseudorange and the first coordinate position. Therefore, when the phase-detection pseudo-range occurs during the whole-cycle transition, the code pseudo-range can be used for positioning to avoid the occurrence of the inability to locate.
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system is difficult to receive the Beidou satellite signal indoors and in the city, it is difficult to receive the Beidou satellite signal, and the cell identification and positioning technology based on the wireless communication module is also considered as an alternative solution, which is applicable to All cellular networks can provide automatic positioning services to navigation devices by adding wireless communication modules with identification.
  • FIG. 2 is a positioning device for a Beidou satellite navigation system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system includes: a satellite acquisition/tracking module 100, a code pseudo-range module 200, a carrier signal acquisition module 300, a phase-detection pseudo-range module 400, a wireless communication module 500, and a A detection module 600 and a wireless positioning module 700.
  • the first detecting module 600 is configured to detect whether the signal strength of the available satellite reaches a preset strength.
  • the wireless positioning module 700 is configured to acquire the cell ID of the wireless communication module 500 when the signal strength of the available satellite does not reach the preset strength, and use the coordinate position of the cell ID as the fourth coordinate position to provide to the user.
  • the wireless communication module 500 may be a mobile communication module such as 3G, 4G, or the like, and may be other communication modules.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this, and any wireless communication module having the same function may appear in the future. Both are applicable to embodiments of the invention.
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system roughly determines the position of the user according to the cell ID number, and the positioning response time is short, and it is difficult to be blocked by the building indoors and in the city.
  • the defect of receiving the Beidou satellite signal is usually within a few seconds to ten seconds, which greatly improves the positioning capability.
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system does not store the observation information of the available satellites, there is no satellite ephemeris and the coordinate position cannot be calculated, so the available satellites need to be captured first.
  • FIG. 3 is a positioning device for a Beidou satellite navigation system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system includes: a satellite acquisition/tracking module 100, a code pseudo-range module 200, a carrier signal acquisition module 300, a phase-detection pseudo-range module 400, a wireless communication module 500, and a A detection module 600, a wireless positioning module 700, a storage module 800, and a second detection module 900.
  • the storage module 800 is configured to store observation information of available satellites.
  • the observation information may include the number of visible satellites, the signal strength of each available satellite, and the Doppler shift, each available satellite in the sky. Distribution and information such as the elevation angle of each available satellite.
  • the second detecting module 900 is configured to detect whether the observation information of the available satellites is stored in the storage module.
  • the wireless communication module 500 is further configured to acquire the observation information of the available satellites from the Beidou auxiliary satellite information center when detecting that the storage module does not store the observation information of the available satellites.
  • the base station address of the wireless communication module 500 can be obtained, and the base station address of the wireless communication module 500 can be sent to the Beidou auxiliary satellite information center, and the number of visible satellites in the current area can be directly downloaded from the Beidou auxiliary satellite information center, and each available satellite Information such as signal strength and Doppler shift, the distribution of each available satellite in the sky, and the elevation angle of each available satellite can be used to quickly capture and track satellites based on this information. At the same time, it also reduces the power consumption of the device.
  • the Beidou Auxiliary Satellite Information Center can also transmit Beidou satellite auxiliary information (such as capture auxiliary information, positioning auxiliary information, sensitivity auxiliary information, satellite working status information, etc.) and auxiliary information calculated by navigation device coordinate information (such as Beidou satellite almanac and correction). Data, Beidou satellite ephemeris, Beidou satellite navigation message, etc.).
  • Beidou satellite auxiliary information such as capture auxiliary information, positioning auxiliary information, sensitivity auxiliary information, satellite working status information, etc.
  • auxiliary information calculated by navigation device coordinate information such as Beidou satellite almanac and correction
  • the carrier signal is correlated with the locally reproduced carrier signal, the carrier is stripped, and the shift is reproduced.
  • the Beidou ranging code correlation operation searches for the maximum value of the correlation value of the signal correlation to determine whether the satellite is captured. After the RF signal received by the antenna is down-converted multiple times, the IF signal is input to the capture loop.
  • the capture loop first multiplies the intermediate frequency signal by the reproduced Beidou pseudorange code, and performs N cycles of continuous accumulation (Coherent Integration) to obtain in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) signals, respectively. After the I and Q signals are squared, a non-continuous accumulation of a certain length is performed. The correlation value of the signal is finally obtained. At this time, if the correlation value is greater than a certain threshold, the capture is successful. If the correlation peak is still not found after traversing the phase of the Beidou pseudorange code, the frequency value of the local carrier is changed, and the previous correlation operation is continued until the traversal All search cells, if still not captured, indicate that the satellite's signal was not received.
  • a 50-bit/s telegram start point is found in the sequence of integral values per millisecond obtained by demodulation, a message is extracted, and the current coordinates of each Beidou satellite are calculated according to the ephemeris parameters of the Beidou satellite extracted from the content of the message. Calculating the code pseudorange between the satellite and the positioning device according to the method of measuring the code pseudorange.
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system can avoid the problem that the traditional Beidou positioning requires full-band search to find available satellites and thus takes a long time, and at the same time, reduces the power consumption of the device.
  • phase pseudorange module 400 The process of acquiring the second coordinate position by the phase pseudorange module 400 is described in detail below.
  • represents the lag phase observation of the carrier phase, the unit is m; represents the true geometric distance between the stations; c represents the speed of light; represents the receiver clock difference; represents the satellite clock difference; represents the carrier phase wavelength of B1;
  • N represents the entire week unknown; represents the tropospheric refraction; represents the ionospheric refraction effect.
  • the receiver for the positioning device of the Beidou satellite navigation system is 1
  • the receiver for the differential reference station is 2
  • the Beidou satellite is j and k.
  • the epoch is tl. Synchronous observation with t2. The process of acquiring the second coordinate position by the phase measuring pseudorange module 400 will be specifically described below with reference to an example.
  • phase-detection pseudorange module 400 is further configured to:
  • the carrier phase measurement of the receiver 1 to the Beidou satellite is j, that is, the first phase observation value is as described in the formula (2):
  • the first phase observation and the first reference phase observation are made a difference to obtain a first differential phase
  • the second phase observation and the second reference phase observation are made a difference to obtain a second differential phase.
  • the difference between the first phase observation and the first reference phase observation is made to obtain the first differential phase as described in equation (4):
  • the satellite clock difference has been eliminated by the first difference of the phase observation values of the positioning device and the differential reference station, and the satellite orbit error, atmospheric refraction error, and the like can be weakened.
  • the first differential phase and the second differential phase are differentiated at a first epoch time to obtain a first second differential phase, and the first differential phase and the second time are obtained at a second epoch time
  • the differential phase is made differential to obtain the second quadratic differential phase.
  • the difference between the first differential phase and the second differential phase is as described in equation (6):
  • Ad _ (d trop , ⁇ d trop —d trop , ⁇ d trop , 2 )
  • ( 5 , , ) is the instantaneous coordinate position of the available satellites, which can be calculated from the ephemeris data
  • (X P ,; F P , Z P ) is the receiver coordinate, which is the amount to be determined, that is, the second coordinate position.
  • the wireless communication module 500 is further configured to acquire, from the Beidou differential reference station data processing center, a first reference phase observation of the first available satellite by the reference base station and a second reference phase observation of the second available satellite. value.
  • the storage module 800 is further configured to store a third coordinate position of the available satellite acquired by the code pseudo-range module 200 according to the modulation signal, wherein the phase-detection pseudo-range module 400 obtains the available from the storage module 800.
  • the third coordinate position of the satellite to acquire the second coordinate position according to the third coordinate position and the third differential phase.
  • an embodiment of the present invention also proposes a positioning method for a Beidou satellite navigation system.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a positioning method for a Beidou satellite navigation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the positioning method for the Beidou satellite navigation system includes the following steps.
  • the measured code phase is obtained according to the ranging code and the replica code
  • the measured code pseudorange is acquired according to the measured code phase
  • the ephemeris data is obtained from the modulated signal to obtain the coordinate position of the available satellite according to the ephemeris data
  • the first coordinate position is obtained according to the coordinate position and the code pseudo range.
  • the prior art can be used according to the coordinate position and the code pseudo range, and details are not described herein again.
  • the ranging code and the replica code may be correlated to obtain a coded pseudorange.
  • the calculation process may refer to the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
  • the calculation method of obtaining the first coordinate position by using the code pseudo range is simple, so it can be completed in several tens of seconds, and the calculation of the phase pseudorange obtained by the carrier phase observation needs to be completed within ten minutes, therefore, the code pseudorange and Compared with the phase pseudorange, the calculation time is shortened by nearly 60 times.
  • the code pseudo-range algorithm can be used to quickly locate.
  • the modulated signal and the replica code are multiplied, and then the code tracking loop and the filter circuit are used to generate a first carrier signal.
  • 5105 Acquire a phase pseudorange between the available satellite according to the first carrier signal and the locally generated second carrier signal, and obtain a second coordinate position according to the phase pseudorange to provide the user.
  • S106 Generate an interrupt signal according to the second coordinate position, and stop executing S103 according to the interrupt signal.
  • the positioning method for the Beidou satellite navigation system adopts the code pseudo-range method to obtain the coordinate position in the initial stage, and the simpleness of the code pseudo-distance method can be used for rapid positioning, which can be performed in several tens
  • the coordinate position is provided for the user within seconds.
  • the phase pseudorange method is used for positioning, which can provide a more accurate coordinate position for the user; on the other hand, the code pseudorange
  • the phase-detection pseudo-range can reuse the satellite acquisition/tracking channel and the demodulation channel of the modulated signal to save system power consumption.
  • the phase-detection pseudo-range when used for positioning, the whole-cycle jump is prone to occur, which is a common interruption condition when the phase-detection pseudo-range is positioned. Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, after S105, it is further included (not shown): when a full-cycle transition occurs, a full-cycle trip interrupt signal is generated, and S103 is executed according to the whole-cycle trip interrupt signal. . Therefore, when the phase-detection pseudo-range occurs during the whole-cycle hopping, the code pseudo-range can be used for positioning to avoid the occurrence of the inability to locate.
  • the cell identification and positioning technology based on the wireless communication module is also considered as an alternative solution, which is applicable to all cellular networks, by adding identification.
  • the wireless communication module provides automatic positioning services.
  • the present invention further comprising (not shown): detecting whether the signal strength of the available satellite reaches a preset strength; when the signal strength of the available satellite does not reach the preset strength, setting the wireless communication module
  • the cell ID is obtained, and the coordinate position of the cell ID is taken as the fourth coordinate position to be provided to the user. Therefore, the location of the user is roughly determined according to the cell ID number, and the positioning response time is short, which solves the defect that it is difficult to receive the Beidou satellite signal when it is blocked by the building indoors and in the city, generally in a few seconds. Within a dozen seconds, this greatly improved the positioning ability.
  • the method further comprises: detecting whether the observation information of the available satellites has been stored; and detecting the observation information of the available satellites from the Beidou satellite information center when detecting that the observation information of the available satellites is not stored.
  • the observation information may include the number of visible satellites, the signal strength and Doppler shift of each available satellite, the distribution of each available satellite in the sky, and the elevation angle of each available satellite.
  • S 105 comprises (wherein the detailed process can be referred to the above described device embodiment of the invention):
  • the first reference phase observation of the first available satellite and the second reference phase observation of the second available satellite are obtained from the Beidou differential reference station data processing center.
  • embodiments of the present invention also propose a navigation system.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a navigation system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the navigation system includes: a positioning device 10 for the Beidou satellite navigation system and a data processing center 20 for the Beidou differential reference station, and the positioning device 10 for the Beidou satellite navigation system includes a wireless communication module 11.
  • the positioning device 10 for the Beidou satellite navigation system is configured to acquire reference phase observation data from the Beidou differential reference station data processing center 20 through the wireless communication module 11, and according to the reference phase observation data and the positioning for the Beidou satellite navigation system.
  • the phase observation data acquired by the device 10 acquires a first coordinate position of the positioning device 10 for the Beidou satellite navigation system.
  • the positioning device for the Beidou satellite navigation system acquires the coordinate position by using the code pseudo-range method in the initial stage, and the positioning of the code pseudo-range method can be quickly used for positioning.
  • the coordinate position is provided to the user within tens of seconds.
  • the phase pseudorange method is used for positioning, which can provide a more accurate coordinate position for the user;
  • the pseudorange and phase-detection pseudo-range can reuse the satellite acquisition/tracking channel and the demodulation channel of the modulated signal to save system power consumption; meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention combines the code pseudo-range and the phase-detection pseudo-range organically, reducing Area and cost, effectively improve positioning Reliability, stability and life time of the device;
  • the reference phase observation data is obtained from the data processing center of the Beidou differential reference station to further increase the accuracy of the positioning.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the structure of a navigation system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the navigation system includes: a positioning device 10 for the Beidou satellite navigation system, a Beidou differential reference station data processing center 20, a wireless network positioning information center 30, and a Beidou auxiliary satellite information center 40 for the Beidou satellite navigation system.
  • the positioning device 10 includes a wireless communication module 11.
  • the positioning device 10 for the Beidou satellite navigation system is configured to acquire from the wireless network location information center 30 through the wireless communication module 11 when the signal strength of the available satellites does not reach the preset strength.
  • the cell ID, and the coordinate position of the cell ID is used as the second coordinate position of the positioning device 10 for the Beidou satellite navigation system to be provided to the user.
  • the positioning device 10 for the Beidou satellite navigation system is configured to acquire the available satellites from the Beidou satellite information center 40 through the wireless communication module 11 when the observation information of the available satellites is not stored. Observing information.
  • the present invention also provides a storage medium for storing an application, and the application is used for a positioning method for a Beidou satellite navigation system according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • a "computer-readable medium” can be any apparatus that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, or in conjunction with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • computer readable media include the following: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wires, portable computer disk cartridges (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), Read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM).
  • the computer readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program can be printed, as it may be optically scanned, for example by paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpretation or, if appropriate, other suitable Way Processing is to obtain the program electronically and then store it in computer memory.
  • portions of the invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof.
  • multiple steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system.
  • a suitable instruction execution system For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented with any one or combination of the following techniques well known in the art: having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals Discrete logic circuits, application specific integrated circuits with suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.
  • the integrated modules, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as stand-alone products, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Abstract

一种用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置、方法和系统。装置包括:卫星捕获/跟踪模块(100),用于获取可用该卫星发射的调制信号;测码伪距模块(200),用于获取测距码和本地生成的复制码,并根据测距码和复制码获取测码伪距,以及根据测码伪距获取第一坐标位置;载波信号获取模块(300),用于根据调制信号和复制码获取第一载波信号;测相伪距模块(400),用于根据第一载波信号和本地生成的第二载波信号获取测相伪距,并根据测相伪距获取第二坐标位置,以及根据第二坐标位置生成中断信号,并将中断信号发送至测码伪距模块,以使测码伪距模块关闭获取测码伪距和第一坐标位置的功能。该装置大大提高了定位的速度和准确度。

Description

用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置、 方法和系统 技术领域
本发明属于导航定位技术领域, 特别涉及一种用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置、 方法和系统。 背景技术
北斗卫星导航系统 (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, BDS ) 是中国正在实施的 自主发展、 独立运行的全球卫星导航系统, 致力于向全球用户提供高质量的定位、 导 航、 授时服务, 并能向有更高要求的授权用户提供进一步服务, 军用与民用兼具。
目前, 在服务区有 14颗卫星工作, 用于免费提供定位、 测速、 授时服务, 其定位 精度为 10米。
目前存在的问题是, 由于北斗卫星导航系统的定位精度在 10米左右, 因此定位不 及时、 不准确。 例如, 当车辆行驶在高架立交岔道口时, 显示的原点往往与自己所处 实际位置有不小的偏差; 当车辆在高峰时段驶入公交车道时, 采用北斗卫星导航系统 的车载导航仪不可能实时提醒 "开错道了" ; 当车辆驶入公路收费站时, 也不会提示 哪些道是 ETC收费口、 哪些道是常规收费口等问题。 发明内容
本发明的目的旨在至少在一定程度上解决上述的技术问题之一。
为此, 本发明的第一个目的在于提出一种用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置, 该 装置大大提高了定位的速度和准确度。
为此, 本发明的第二个目的在于提出一种用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法。 为此, 本发明的第三个目的在于提出一种导航系统。
为此, 本发明的第四个目的在于提出一种存储介质。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明第一方面实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置, 包括: 卫星捕获 /跟踪模块, 用于捕获并跟踪可用卫星, 并获取所述可用卫星发射的调 制信号; 测码伪距模块, 用于获取所述调制信号中的测距码和本地生成的复制码, 并 根据所述测距码和所述复制码获取与所述可用卫星之间的测码伪距, 以及根据所述测 码伪距获取第一坐标位置以提供给用户; 载波信号获取模块, 用于根据所述调制信号 和所述复制码获取所述调制信号中的第一载波信号; 测相伪距模块, 用于根据所述第 一载波信号和本地生成的第二载波信号获取与所述可用卫星之间的测相伪距, 并根据 所述测相伪距获取第二坐标位置以提供给所述用户, 以及根据所述第二坐标位置生成 中断信号, 并将所述中断信号发送至所述测码伪距模块, 以使所述测码伪距模块关闭 获取所述测码伪距和所述第一坐标位置的功能。
本发明实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置, 一方面, 在初始阶段, 采用 测码伪距方法获取坐标位置, 利用测码伪距方法的简单性可快速进行定位, 可在几十 秒内为用户提供坐标位置, 当采用测相伪距获取更加精确的坐标位置时, 则采用测相 伪距方法进行定位, 可为用户提供更加精准的坐标位置; 另一方面, 测码伪距和测相 伪距可复用卫星捕获 /跟踪通道及调制信号的解调通道, 节约系统功耗; 同时, 本发明 的实施例将测码伪距和测相伪距有机的结合, 减少面积和成本, 有效提高定位装置的 可靠性、 稳定性及续航时间。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 所述测相伪距模块还用于在发生整周跳变时, 生成整 周跳变中断信号, 并将所述整周跳变中断信号发送至所述测码伪距模块, 以使所述测 码伪距模块开启获取所述测码伪距和所述第一坐标位置的功能。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 还包括: 无线通信模块; 第一检测模块, 用于检测所 述可用卫星的信号强度是否达到预设强度; 无线定位模块, 用于在所述可用卫星的信 号强度没有达到预设强度时, 获取所述无线通信模块的蜂窝小区 ID, 并将所述蜂窝小 区 ID的坐标位置作为第四坐标位置以提供给所述用户。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 还包括: 存储模块, 用于存储所述可用卫星的观测信 息; 第二检测模块, 用于检测所述存储模块中是否存储所述可用卫星的观测信息; 其 中, 所述无线通信模块还用于在检测到所述存储模块中没有存储所述可用卫星的观测 信息时, 从北斗辅助卫星信息中心获取所述可用卫星的观测信息。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 所述测相伪距模块还用于: 获取针对第一可用卫星的 第一相位观测值和针对第二可用卫星的第二观测值; 获取针对第一可用卫星的第一参 考相位观测值和针对第二可用卫星的第二参考观测值; 将所述第一相位观测值和所述 第一参考相位观测值做差以获取第一一次差分相位; 将所述第二相位观测值和所述第 二参考相位观测值做差以获取第二一次差分相位; 在第一历元时刻将所述第一一次差 分相位和所述第二一次差分相位做差以获取第一二次差分相位; 在第二历元时刻将所 述第一一次差分相位和所述第二一次差分相位做差以获取第二二次差分相位; 将所述 第一二次差分相位和所述第二二次差分相位做差以获取三次差分相位; 根据所述三次 差分相位获取所述第二坐标位置。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 所述无线通信模块还用于从北斗差分参考站数据处理 中心获取参考基站对所述第一可用卫星的第一参考相位观测值和所述第二可用卫星的 第二参考相位观测值。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 存储模块还用于存储所述测码伪距模块根据所述调制 信号获取的所述可用卫星的第三坐标位置, 其中, 所述测相伪距模块从所述存储模块 中获取所述可用卫星的第三坐标位置, 以根据所述第三坐标位置和所述三次差分相位 获取所述第二坐标位置。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明第二方面实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法, 包括: S1 : 捕获并跟踪可用卫星, 并获取所述可用卫星发射的调制信号; S2: 获取所 述调制信号中的测距码和本地生成的复制码; S3: 根据所述测距码和所述复制码获取 与所述可用卫星之间的测码伪距, 并根据所述测码伪距获取第一坐标位置以提供给用 户; S4: 根据所述调制信号和所述复制码获取所述调制信号中的第一载波信号; S5 : 根据所述第一载波信号和本地生成的第二载波信号获取与所述可用卫星之间的测相伪 距, 以及根据所述测相伪距获取第二坐标位置以提供给所述用户; S6: 根据所述第二 坐标位置生成中断信号, 并根据所述中断信号停止执行 S3。
本发明实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法, 一方面, 在初始阶段, 采用 测码伪距方法获取坐标位置, 利用测码伪距方法的简单性可快速进行定位, 可在几十 秒内为用户提供坐标位置, 当采用测相伪距获取更加精确的坐标位置时, 则采用测相 伪距方法进行定位, 可为用户提供更加精准的坐标位置; 另一方面, 测码伪距和测相 伪距可复用卫星捕获 /跟踪通道及调制信号的解调通道, 节约系统功耗; 同时, 本发明 的实施例将测码伪距和测相伪距有机的结合, 减少面积和成本, 有效提高定位装置的 可靠性、 稳定性及续航时间。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 在 S5之后还包括: 在发生整周跳变时, 生成整周跳变 中断信号, 并根据所述整周跳变中断信号执行 S3。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 还包括: 检测所述可用卫星的信号强度是否达到预设 强度; 在所述可用卫星的信号强度没有达到预设强度时, 通过设置的无线通信模块获 取蜂窝小区 ID, 并将所述蜂窝小区 ID的坐标位置作为第四坐标位置以提供给所述用 户。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 还包括: 检测是否已存储所述可用卫星的观测信息; 在检测到没有存储所述可用卫星的观测信息时, 从北斗辅助卫星信息中心获取所述可 用卫星的观测信息。
在本发明的一个实施例中, S5包括: 获取针对第一可用卫星的第一相位观测值和 针对第二可用卫星的第二观测值; 获取针对第一可用卫星的第一参考相位观测值和针 对第二可用卫星的第二参考观测值; 将所述第一相位观测值和所述第一参考相位观测 值做差以获取第一一次差分相位; 将所述第二相位观测值和所述第二参考相位观测值 做差以获取第二一次差分相位; 在第一历元时刻将所述第一一次差分相位和所述第二 一次差分相位做差以获取第一二次差分相位; 在第二历元时刻将所述第一一次差分相 位和所述第二一次差分相位做差以获取第二二次差分相位; 将所述第一二次差分相位 和所述第二二次差分相位做差以获取三次差分相位; 根据所述三次差分相位获取所述 第二坐标位置。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 还包括: 从北斗差分参考站数据处理中心获取参考基 站对所述第一可用卫星的第一参考相位观测值和所述第二可用卫星的第二参考相位观 测值。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明第三方面实施例的导航系统, 包括: 北斗差分参考站 数据处理中心; 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置, 所述装置包括无线通信模块, 所 述装置用于通过所述无线通信模块从所述北斗差分参考站数据处理中心获取参考相位 观测数据, 并根据所述参考相位观测数据和所述装置获取的相位观测数据获取所述装 置的第一坐标位置。
本发明实施例的导航系统, 一方面, 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置在初始阶 段, 采用测码伪距方法获取坐标位置, 利用测码伪距方法的简单性可快速进行定位, 可在几十秒内为用户提供坐标位置, 当采用测相伪距获取更加精确的坐标位置时, 则 采用测相伪距方法进行定位, 可为用户提供更加精准的坐标位置; 另一方面, 测码伪 距和测相伪距可复用卫星捕获 /跟踪通道及调制信号的解调通道, 节约系统功耗; 同时, 本发明的实施例将测码伪距和测相伪距有机的结合, 减少面积和成本, 有效提高定位 装置的可靠性、 稳定性及续航时间; 同时, 从北斗差分参考站数据处理中心获取参考 相位观测数据, 进一步增加定位的精度。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 还包括: 无线网络定位信息中心; 其中, 所述装置用 于在可用卫星的信号强度没有达到预设强度时, 通过所述无线通信模块从所述无线网 络定位信息中心获取蜂窝小区 ID, 并将所述蜂窝小区 ID 的坐标位置作为所述装置的 第二坐标位置以提供给所述用户。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 还包括: 北斗辅助卫星信息中心; 其中, 所述装置用 于在没有存储可用卫星的观测信息时, 通过所述无线通信模块从所述北斗辅助卫星信 息中心获取所述可用卫星的观测信息。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明第四方面实施例的存储介质用于存储应用程序, 所述 应用程序用于执行本发明第一方面实施例所述的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法。
本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出, 部分将从下面的描述中变 得明显, 或通过本发明的实践了解到。 附图说明
本发明上述的和 /或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明 显和容易理解, 其中:
图 1是本发明一个实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置;
图 2是本发明另一个实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置;
图 3是本发明又一个实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置;
图 4为本发明一个实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法的流程图; 图 5是根据本发明一个实施例的导航系统的结构框图;
图 6是根据本发明另一个实施例的导航系统的结构框图。 具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例, 所述实施例的示例在附图中示出, 其中自始至终 相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。 下面通过参 考附图描述的实施例是示例性的, 仅用于解释本发明, 而不能解释为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中, 需要理解的是, 术语 "第一" 、 "第二"等仅用于描述目的, 而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。 在本发明的描述中, 需要说明的是, 除非另有 明确的规定和限定, 术语 "相连" 、 "连接 "应做广义理解, 例如, 可以是机械连接, 也可以是电连接; 可以是直接相连, 也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。 对于本领域的普 通技术人员而言, 可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。 此外, 在本发 明的描述中, 除非另有说明, "多个" 的含义是两个或两个以上。
流程图中或在此以其他方式描述的任何过程或方法描述可以被理解为, 表示包括 一个或更多个用于实现特定逻辑功能或过程的步骤的可执行指令的代码的模块、 片段 或部分, 并且本发明的优选实施方式的范围包括另外的实现, 其中可以不按所示出或 讨论的顺序, 包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序, 来执行功能, 这应被本发明的实施例所属技术领域的技术人员所理解参照下面的描述和附图, 将清 楚本发明的实施例的这些和其他方面。 在这些描述和附图中, 具体公开了本发明的实 施例中的一些特定实施方式, 来表示实施本发明的实施例的原理的一些方式, 但是应 当理解, 本发明的实施例的范围不受此限制。 相反, 本发明的实施例包括落入所附加 权利要求书的精神和内涵范围内的所有变化、 修改和等同物。
在北斗卫星导航系统提供的 ICD文件 (空间信号接口控制文件) 中, 公开的服务 信号是 B1I。 另外, 在北斗卫星导航系统中, 载波波长远小于码长。 B1I信号测距码码 速率为 2.046 Mcps, 码元宽度 146.5m, 而 B1I信号中 Bl载波的波长为 19.20cm, 在分 辨率相同的情况下, B1I信号的测距码的观测误差约为 1.5m, Bl载波的观测误差约为 2.0mm。其中由测距码相位观测所确定的伪距简称测码伪距, 由载波相位观测所确定的 伪距简称为测相伪距。
目前, 在各种各样采用北斗卫星导航系统进行导航的导航装置中, 主要采用测码 伪距进行定位, 采用测码伪距进行定位时计算量小且第一次定位时间短, 但是定位精 度差, 一般在 10m左右。
因此, 在卫星与接收机 (例如导航装置) 的伪距计算上, 采用载波相位观测进行 计算是目前最精确的方法。 目前全国各地在陆续建立北斗地基增强网, 依托这套地基 增强系统, 其定位误差能降低到厘米级, 各项指标均达到或优于成熟的 GPS系统, 这 为使用载波相位计算伪距奠定坚实的网络参考站基础。 但是, 在载波相位观测的测相 伪距中, 也存在问题, 载波信号是一种周期性的正弦信号, 而相位测量又只能测定其 不足一个波长的部分, 因而存在着整周数不确定性的问题, 使解算过程变得比较复杂, 导致第一次定位时间远大于采用测距码相位观测的定位时间。
因此, 在当前的导航装置中如何又快速又精准的定位成了一个非常重要的问题。 为了解决上述问题, 本发明的实施例提出一种用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置和方 法。 下面参照附图具体描述。
图 1是本发明一个实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置。
如图 1所示, 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置包括: 卫星捕获 /跟踪模块 100、 测码伪距模块 200、 载波信号获取模块 300和测相伪距模块 400。
具体地, 卫星捕获 /跟踪模块 100用于捕获并跟踪可用卫星, 并获取可用卫星发射 的调制信号。
测码伪距模块 200用于获取调制信号中的测距码和本地生成的复制码, 并根据测 距码和复制码获取与可用卫星之间的测码伪距, 以及根据测码伪距获取第一坐标位置 以提供给用户。 更具体地, 测码伪距模块 200首先根据测距码和复制码获取测码相位, 并根据测码相位获取测码伪距, 并从调制信号中获取星历数据, 以根据星历数据获取 可用卫星的坐标位置, 并根据坐标位置和测码伪距获取第一坐标位置。 其中, 根据坐 标位置和测码伪距可采用现有技术, 在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是, 可以将测距码和复制码做相关运算以获取测码伪距, 其计算过程 可参考现有技术, 在此不再赘述。 利用测码伪距获取第一坐标位置的计算方法简单, 因此可在几十秒内完成, 载波相位观测获取的测相伪距的计算需要在十几分钟内完成, 因此, 测码伪距与测相伪距相比, 计算时间縮短近 60倍。 在用于北斗卫星导航系统的 定位装置刚开启时, 利用测码伪距算法可以快速进行定位。
载波信号获取模块 300用于根据调制信号和复制码获取调制信号中的第一载波信 号。 更具体地, 载波信号获取模块 300将调制信号和复制码做相乘运算, 再通过码跟 踪环路和滤波电路以产生第一载波信号。
测相伪距模块 400用于根据第一载波信号和本地生成的第二载波信号获取与可用 卫星之间的测相伪距, 并根据测相伪距获取第二坐标位置以提供给用户, 以及根据第 二坐标位置生成中断信号, 并将中断信号发送至测码伪距模块 200, 以使测码伪距模块 200关闭获取测码伪距和第一坐标位置的功能。
本发明实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置, 一方面, 在初始阶段, 采用 测码伪距方法获取坐标位置, 利用测码伪距方法的简单性可快速进行定位, 可在几十 秒内为用户提供坐标位置, 当采用测相伪距获取更加精确的坐标位置时, 则采用测相 伪距方法进行定位, 可为用户提供更加精准的坐标位置; 另一方面, 测码伪距和测相 伪距可复用卫星捕获 /跟踪通道及调制信号的解调通道, 节约系统功耗; 同时, 本发明 的实施例将测码伪距和测相伪距有机的结合, 减少面积和成本, 有效提高定位装置的 可靠性、 稳定性及续航时间。
具体地, 使用测相伪距进行定位时, 容易发生整周跳变, 为测相伪距定位时的一 种常见中断情况。 因此, 在本发明的一个实施例中, 测相伪距模块 400还用于在发生 整周跳变时,生成整周跳变中断信号,并将整周跳变中断信号发送至测码伪距模块 200, 以使测码伪距模块 200 开启获取测码伪距和第一坐标位置的功能。 由此, 在测相伪距 发生整周跳变时, 可利用测码伪距进行定位, 避免无法定位情况的发生。
此外, 为了解决用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置在室内以及在城市中被建筑物 遮挡而难以接收北斗卫星信号的缺陷, 还考虑了基于无线通信模块的小区识别定位技 术作为备用方案, 适用于所有蜂窝网络, 通过增加具有身份识别的无线通信模块, 可 向导航装置提供自动定位业务。
图 2是本发明另一个实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置。
如图 2所示, 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置包括: 卫星捕获 /跟踪模块 100、 测码伪距模块 200、 载波信号获取模块 300、 测相伪距模块 400、 无线通信模块 500、 第一检测模块 600和无线定位模块 700。
具体地, 第一检测模块 600用于检测可用卫星的信号强度是否达到预设强度。 无 线定位模块 700用于在可用卫星的信号强度没有达到预设强度时, 获取无线通信模块 500的蜂窝小区 ID, 并将蜂窝小区 ID的坐标位置作为第四坐标位置以提供给用户。 在本发明的实施例中, 无线通信模块 500可以是 3G、 4G等移动通信模块, 还可 以是其他通信模块, 本发明的实施例不对此进行限定, 未来出现的任何具有相同功能 的无线通信模块都适用于本发明的实施例。
本发明实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置, 根据所处的蜂窝小区 ID号来 粗略确定用户的位置, 其定位响应时间较短, 解决在室内以及在城市中被建筑物遮挡 而难以接收北斗卫星信号的缺陷, 一般在几秒至十几秒以内, 这样就大大提升了定位 能力。
如果用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置未存储可用卫星的观测信息, 则没有卫星 星历, 无法计算坐标位置, 因此需要首先捕捉可用卫星。
图 3是本发明又一个实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置。
如图 3所示, 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置包括: 卫星捕获 /跟踪模块 100、 测码伪距模块 200、 载波信号获取模块 300、 测相伪距模块 400、 无线通信模块 500、 第一检测模块 600、 无线定位模块 700、 存储模块 800、 第二检测模块 900。
具体地, 存储模块 800用于存储可用卫星的观测信息, 举例来说, 观测信息可包 括可见卫星的数量、 每个可用卫星的信号强度和多普勒频移、 每个可用卫星在天空中 的分布以及每个可用卫星的仰角等信息。
第二检测模块 900用于检测存储模块中是否存储可用卫星的观测信息。
其中, 无线通信模块 500还用于在检测到存储模块中没有存储可用卫星的观测信 息时, 从北斗辅助卫星信息中心获取可用卫星的观测信息。
例如, 信号较弱的城市高楼间隙或者室内, 如果需要几分钟的时间来计算位置(如 紧急呼叫等) , 如果采用全频段搜索以找到可用卫星, 则耗时较长。 此时, 可获取无 线通信模块 500的基站地址, 将无线通信模块 500的基站地址发送至北斗辅助卫星信 息中心, 从北斗辅助卫星信息中心可直接下载当前区域的可见卫星的数量、 每个可用 卫星的信号强度和多普勒频移、 每个可用卫星在天空中的分布以及每个可用卫星的仰 角等信息, 从而根据这些信息可快速捕获和跟踪卫星。 同时, 也减小了设备的电量消 耗。
另外, 北斗辅助卫星信息中心还可传输北斗卫星辅助信息 (如捕获辅助信息、 定 位辅助信息、 灵敏度辅助信息、 卫星工作状况信息等) 和导航装置坐标信息计算的辅 助信息 (如北斗卫星历书以及修正数据、 北斗卫星星历、 北斗卫星导航电文等) 。
如果无法从北斗辅助卫星信息中心获取可用卫星的观测信息, 则需要全频段搜索 所有卫星以捕获可用卫星。 具体地, 首先, 通过在码相位域和载波频率域上进行二维 搜索, 将载波信号与本地复现的载波信号进行相关运算, 剥离载波, 再与移位的复现 北斗测距码相关运算, 搜索信号相关运算值的最大值, 以此判断是否捕获到卫星。 天 线接收的射频信号经过多次降频后, 得到中频信号输入捕获环路。 捕获环路首先将中 频信号与复现的北斗伪距码相乘, 并进行 N 个周期的连续累加 (Coherent Integration) , 分别得到同相 (I)和正交相 (Q)信号。 将 I, Q 信号进行平方和运算之后, 再进行一定长 度的非连续累加。 最终即可得到信号的相关值。 此时若相关值大于某个设定的阈值, 则捕获成功, 若在遍历完北斗伪距码相位之后, 仍无法找到相关峰值, 则改变本地载 波的频率值, 继续之前的相关运算, 直到遍历所有的搜索方格, 如仍未捕获到, 则说 明未接收到该卫星的信号。 其次, 在捕获的基础之上, 实现对搜索到的卫星的载波多 普勒状态的实时跟踪, 以在载波多普勒频率域内完成载波的剥离过程。 另外, 由于对 载波多普勒的跟踪始终是不能完全吻合的, 所以码相位始终也是在改变的, 所以在跟 踪多普勒频率的同时, 也需要对码相位进行实时的调整, 即码跟踪。
另外, 从解调得到的每毫秒的积分值序列中找到 50bit/s的电文比特开始点, 提取 出电文, 并根据电文内容的提取北斗卫星的星历参数, 计算出每颗北斗卫星的当前坐 标, 根据测码伪距的方法计算卫星与定位装置之间的测码伪距。
本发明实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置, 可避免传统北斗定位中需要 全频段搜索以找到可用卫星因而耗时较长的问题, 同时, 也减小了装置的功耗。
下面详细介绍测相伪距模块 400获取第二坐标位置的过程。
其中, 北斗卫星导航系统的载波相位观测方程如公式 (1 ) 所述:
Φ p + c ' {dT _ dt、U + d + d
Φ表示载波相位的滞后相位观测值, 单位为 m; 表示星站间的真实的几何距离; c表示光速; 表示接收机时钟差; 表示卫星时钟差; 表示 B1的载波相位波长;
N 表示整周未知数; 表示对流层折射影响; 表示电离层折射影响。 假设, 用于 北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置的接收机为 1, 差分参考站的接收机为 2, 北斗卫星为 j 和 k, 在已修复整周跳变、 剔除粗差后, 在历元 tl和 t2进行同步观测。 下面结合实例 具体说明测相伪距模块 400获取第二坐标位置的过程。
在本发明的实施例中, 测相伪距模块 400还用于:
首先, 获取针对第一可用卫星的第一相位观测值和针对第二可用卫星的第二观测 值, 并获取针对第一可用卫星的第一参考相位观测值和针对第二可用卫星的第二参考 观测值。 例如, 接收机 1对北斗卫星为 j的载波相位观测量即第一相位观测值如公式 (2 ) 所述:
ι = Ρι + c(dT n -dt ,( ) - ^-^(ί0) + dtrop, +dion( 2 ) 其中, 针对第二可用卫星的第二观测值可参考公式 (2) 列出; 接收机 2对北斗卫星为 j 的载波相位观测量即第二相位观测值如公式 (3) 所述:
Φ2 ] =p2 j +c(dT,J 2-dt 2)- -N2 j(t0) + dtrop,2 J+dion,i (3)
其中, 可参考公式 (2) 列出第二参考观测值。
将第一相位观测值和第一参考相位观测值做差以获取第一一次差分相位, 并将第 二相位观测值和第二参考相位观测值做差以获取第二一次差分相位。 例如, 将第一相 位观测值和第一参考相位观测值做差以获取第一一次差分相位如公式 (4) 所述:
ΔΦ12 ;' = Φ ' - Φ2 ;' = ( ;' - PiJ ) + c(dT ,{ -dT { ) - (Ν (t0 ) - N2 j (t0 )) + (dtrop ,{ -dtrop , )
Figure imgf000012_0001
将第二相位观测值和第二参考相位观测值做差以获取第二一次差分相位如公式 (5) 所 述:
Figure imgf000012_0002
具体地, 通过本定位装置与差分参考站的相位观测值的一次求差, 卫星时钟差已 消除, 同时可以减弱卫星的轨道误差, 大气折射误差等影响。
在第一历元时刻将第一一次差分相位和第二一次差分相位做差以获取第一二次差 分相位, 并在第二历元时刻将第一一次差分相位和第二一次差分相位做差以获取第二 二次差分相位。 例如, 将第一一次差分相位和第二一次差分相位做差如公式 (6)所述:
ΔΦ jk ΔΦ ΔΦ (Α;' - P2 j - Ρ" +Ρ2")~ Ν^ (t0 ) - N2 j (t0 ) - N,k (t0 ) + N2 k (t0 ))
+{d , , +dtrop,2) + (dk -d. -d. f +J. *)· (6)
Figure imgf000012_0003
jk
Ad _ (dtrop, ~dtrop —dtrop, ~^~dtrop ,2 )
jk " j_d. , 一 d. k +d. *) 则历元 tl时的第一二次差分相位如公式 (7) 所述:
Figure imgf000012_0004
则历元 t2时的第二二次差分相位如公式 (8) 所述:
ΔΦ12 (t2) = ΑΦ12 ] (t2 )-ΔΦ12) (8) 将第一二次差分相位和第二二次差分相位做差以获取
除整周未知数。 例如, 三次差分相位如公式 (9) 所述:
ΔΦ jk ( , ί2) =
Figure imgf000012_0005
) , ( ^dtro2{t2) ^dtro2{tl) )
+ ( di 2(t2)_Adi 2(t1) )
(9)
根据三次差分相位获取第二坐标位置。 具体地, p = ^Xs - Xpf + (Ys -Ypf + Zs - Zpf
其中, ( 5, , )为可用卫星的瞬时坐标位置, 由星历数据可计算出, (XP,;FP,ZP) 为接收机坐标, 是待求量, 即第二坐标位置。 将位置坐标公式与三次求差公式组合, 可计算出准确的第二坐标位置。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 无线通信模块 500还用于从北斗差分参考站数据处理 中心获取参考基站对第一可用卫星的第一参考相位观测值和第二可用卫星的第二参考 相位观测值。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 存储模块 800还用于存储测码伪距模块 200根据调制 信号获取的可用卫星的第三坐标位置, 其中, 测相伪距模块 400从存储模块 800中获 取可用卫星的第三坐标位置, 以根据第三坐标位置和三次差分相位获取第二坐标位置。
为了实现本发明实施例的装置, 本发明的实施例还提出一种用于北斗卫星导航系 统的定位方法。
图 4为本发明一个实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法的流程图。
如图 4所示, 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法包括以下步骤。
5101 , 捕获并跟踪可用卫星, 并获取可用卫星发射的调制信号。
5102, 获取调制信号中的测距码和本地生成的复制码。
5103 , 根据测距码和复制码获取与可用卫星之间的测码伪距, 并根据测码伪距获 取第一坐标位置以提供给用户。
具体地, 首先根据测距码和复制码获取测码相位, 并根据测码相位获取测码伪距, 并从调制信号中获取星历数据, 以根据星历数据获取可用卫星的坐标位置, 并根据坐 标位置和测码伪距获取第一坐标位置。 其中, 根据坐标位置和测码伪距可采用现有技 术, 在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是, 可以将测距码和复制码做相关运算以获取测码伪距, 其计算过程 可参考现有技术, 在此不再赘述。 利用测码伪距获取第一坐标位置的计算方法简单, 因此可在几十秒内完成, 载波相位观测获取的测相伪距的计算需要在十几分钟内完成, 因此, 测码伪距与测相伪距相比, 计算时间缩短近 60倍。 在定位开始时, 利用测码伪 距算法可以快速进行定位。
5104, 根据调制信号和复制码获取调制信号中的第一载波信号。
具体地, 将调制信号和复制码做相乘运算, 再通过码跟踪环路和滤波电路以产生 第一载波信号。
5105 , 根据第一载波信号和本地生成的第二载波信号获取与可用卫星之间的测相 伪距, 以及根据测相伪距获取第二坐标位置以提供给用户。 S106, 根据第二坐标位置生成中断信号, 并根据中断信号停止执行 S103。
本发明实施例的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法, 一方面, 在初始阶段, 采用 测码伪距方法获取坐标位置, 利用测码伪距方法的简单性可快速进行定位, 可在几十 秒内为用户提供坐标位置, 当采用测相伪距获取更加精确的坐标位置时, 则采用测相 伪距方法进行定位, 可为用户提供更加精准的坐标位置; 另一方面, 测码伪距和测相 伪距可复用卫星捕获 /跟踪通道及调制信号的解调通道, 节约系统功耗。
具体地, 使用测相伪距进行定位时, 容易发生整周跳变, 为测相伪距定位时的一 种常见中断情况。因此,在本发明的一个实施例中,在 S105之后还包括(图中未示出): 在发生整周跳变时, 生成整周跳变中断信号, 并根据整周跳变中断信号执行 S103。 由 此, 在测相伪距发生整周跳变时, 可利用测码伪距进行定位, 避免无法定位情况的发 生。
此外, 为了解决在室内以及在城市中被建筑物遮挡而难以接收北斗卫星信号的缺 陷, 还考虑了基于无线通信模块的小区识别定位技术作为备用方案, 适用于所有蜂窝 网络, 通过增加具有身份识别的无线通信模块, 提供自动定位业务。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 还包括 (图中未示出) : 检测可用卫星的信号强度是 否达到预设强度; 在可用卫星的信号强度没有达到预设强度时, 通过设置的无线通信 模块获取蜂窝小区 ID, 并将蜂窝小区 ID的坐标位置作为第四坐标位置以提供给用户。 由此, 根据所处的蜂窝小区 ID号来粗略确定用户的位置, 其定位响应时间较短, 解决 在室内以及在城市中被建筑物遮挡而难以接收北斗卫星信号的缺陷, 一般在几秒至十 几秒以内, 这样就大大提升了定位能力。
如果预先未存储可用卫星的观测信息, 则没有卫星星历, 无法计算坐标位置, 因 此需要首先捕捉可用卫星。 在本发明的一个实施例中, 还包括: 检测是否已存储可用 卫星的观测信息; 在检测到没有存储可用卫星的观测信息时, 从北斗辅助卫星信息中 心获取可用卫星的观测信息。 其中, 举例来说, 观测信息可包括可见卫星的数量、 每 个可用卫星的信号强度和多普勒频移、 每个可用卫星在天空中的分布以及每个可用卫 星的仰角等信息。
例如, 信号较弱的城市高楼间隙或者室内, 如果需要几分钟的时间来计算位置(如 紧急呼叫等) , 如果采用全频段搜索以找到可用卫星, 则耗时较长。 此时, 可获取无 线通信模块的基站地址, 将无线通信模块的基站地址发送至北斗辅助卫星信息中心, 从北斗辅助卫星信息中心可直接下载当前区域的可见卫星的数量、 每个可用卫星的信 号强度和多普勒频移、 每个可用卫星在天空中的分布以及每个可用卫星的仰角等信息, 从而根据这些信息可快速捕获和跟踪卫星。 在本发明的一个实施例中, S 105包括 (其中, 详细的过程可参考本发明上述装置 实施例所述) :
51051 , 获取针对第一可用卫星的第一相位观测值和针对第二可用卫星的第二观测 值。
51052, 获取针对第一可用卫星的第一参考相位观测值和针对第二可用卫星的第二 参考观测值。
其中, S 1051和 1052的执行不分先后顺序。
51053 , 将第一相位观测值和第一参考相位观测值做差以获取第一一次差分相位。
51054, 将第二相位观测值和第二参考相位观测值做差以获取第二一次差分相位。 其中, S 1053和 1054的执行不分先后顺序。
51055 , 在第一历元时刻将第一一次差分相位和第二一次差分相位做差以获取第一 二次差分相位。
51056, 在第二历元时刻将第一一次差分相位和第二一次差分相位做差以获取第二 二次差分相位。
51057, 将第一二次差分相位和第二二次差分相位做差以获取三次差分相位。
51058 , 根据三次差分相位获取第二坐标位置。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 从北斗差分参考站数据处理中心获取参考基站对第一 可用卫星的第一参考相位观测值和第二可用卫星的第二参考相位观测值。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明的实施例还提出一种导航系统。
图 5是根据本发明一个实施例的导航系统的结构框图。
如图 5所示, 导航系统包括: 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置 10和北斗差分参 考站数据处理中心 20, 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置 10包括无线通信模块 11。
具体地, 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置 10用于通过无线通信模块 11从北斗 差分参考站数据处理中心 20获取参考相位观测数据, 并根据参考相位观测数据和用于 北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置 10获取的相位观测数据获取用于北斗卫星导航系统的定 位装置 10的第一坐标位置。
本发明实施例的导航系统, 一方面, 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置在初始阶 段, 采用测码伪距方法获取坐标位置, 利用测码伪距方法的简单性可快速进行定位, 可在几十秒内为用户提供坐标位置, 当采用测相伪距获取更加精确的坐标位置时, 则 采用测相伪距方法进行定位, 可为用户提供更加精准的坐标位置; 另一方面, 测码伪 距和测相伪距可复用卫星捕获 /跟踪通道及调制信号的解调通道,节约系统功耗; 同时, 本发明的实施例将测码伪距和测相伪距有机的结合, 减少面积和成本, 有效提高定位 装置的可靠性、 稳定性及续航时间; 同时, 从北斗差分参考站数据处理中心获取参考 相位观测数据, 进一步增加定位的精度。
图 6是根据本发明另一个实施例的导航系统的结构框图。
如图 6所示, 导航系统包括: 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置 10、 北斗差分参 考站数据处理中心 20、 无线网络定位信息中心 30和北斗辅助卫星信息中心 40, 用于 北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置 10包括无线通信模块 11。
具体地, 在本发明的一个实施例中, 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置 10用于在 可用卫星的信号强度没有达到预设强度时, 通过无线通信模块 11从无线网络定位信息 中心 30获取蜂窝小区 ID, 并将蜂窝小区 ID的坐标位置作为用于北斗卫星导航系统的 定位装置 10的第二坐标位置以提供给用户。
具体地, 在本发明的一个实施例中, 用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置 10用于在 没有存储可用卫星的观测信息时, 通过无线通信模块 11 从北斗辅助卫星信息中心 40 获取可用卫星的观测信息。
为了实现上述实施例, 本发明还提出一种存储介质, 用于存储应用程序, 应用程 序用于本发明任一项实施例所述的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法。
流程图中或在此以其他方式描述的任何过程或方法描述可以被理解为, 表示包括 一个或更多个用于实现特定逻辑功能或过程的步骤的可执行指令的代码的模块、 片段 或部分, 并且本发明的优选实施方式的范围包括另外的实现, 其中可以不按所示出或 讨论的顺序, 包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序, 来执行功能, 这应被本发明的实施例所属技术领域的技术人员所理解。
在流程图中表示或在此以其他方式描述的逻辑和 /或步骤, 例如, 可以被认为是用 于实现逻辑功能的可执行指令的定序列表, 可以具体实现在任何计算机可读介质中, 以供指令执行系统、 装置或设备 (如基于计算机的系统、 包括处理器的系统或其他可 以从指令执行系统、 装置或设备取指令并执行指令的系统) 使用, 或结合这些指令执 行系统、装置或设备而使用。就本说明书而言, "计算机可读介质"可以是任何可以包含、 存储、 通信、 传播或传输程序以供指令执行系统、 装置或设备或结合这些指令执行系 统、 装置或设备而使用的装置。 计算机可读介质的更具体的示例 (非穷尽性列表) 包 括以下: 具有一个或多个布线的电连接部(电子装置), 便携式计算机盘盒(磁装置), 随机存取存储器 (RAM) , 只读存储器 (ROM) , 可擦除可编辑只读存储器 (EPROM 或闪速存储器) , 光纤装置, 以及便携式光盘只读存储器 (CDROM) 。 另外, 计算机 可读介质甚至可以是可在其上打印所述程序的纸或其他合适的介质, 因为可以例如通 过对纸或其他介质进行光学扫描, 接着进行编辑、 解译或必要时以其他合适方式进行 处理来以电子方式获得所述程序, 然后将其存储在计算机存储器中。
应当理解, 本发明的各部分可以用硬件、 软件、 固件或它们的组合来实现。 在上 述实施方式中, 多个步骤或方法可以用存储在存储器中且由合适的指令执行系统执行 的软件或固件来实现。 例如, 如果用硬件来实现, 和在另一实施方式中一样, 可用本 领域公知的下列技术中的任一项或他们的组合来实现: 具有用于对数据信号实现逻辑 功能的逻辑门电路的离散逻辑电路, 具有合适的组合逻辑门电路的专用集成电路, 可 编程门阵列 (PGA) , 现场可编程门阵列 (FPGA) 等。
本技术领域的普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法携带的全部或部分步骤 是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成, 所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储 介质中, 该程序在执行时, 包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
此外, 在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理模块中, 也可以 是各个单元单独物理存在, 也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个模块中。 上述集成 的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现, 也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。 所述集成 的模块如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时, 也可以存储 在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。
上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器, 磁盘或光盘等。
在本说明书的描述中, 参考术语 "一个实施例" 、 "一些实施例" 、 "示例" 、 "具体示例" 、 或 "一些示例" 等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、 结构、 材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。 在本说明书中, 对上 述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。 而且, 描述的具体特征、 结 构、 材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例, 对于本领域的普通技术人员而言, 可以 理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、 修改、 替换和变型, 本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同限定。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
卫星捕获 /跟踪模块, 用于捕获并跟踪可用卫星, 并获取所述可用卫星发射的调制 信号;
测码伪距模块, 用于获取所述调制信号中的测距码和本地生成的复制码, 并根据 所述测距码和所述复制码获取与所述可用卫星之间的测码伪距, 以及根据所述测码伪 距获取第一坐标位置以提供给用户;
载波信号获取模块, 用于根据所述调制信号和所述复制码获取所述调制信号中的 第一载波信号;
测相伪距模块, 用于根据所述第一载波信号和本地生成的第二载波信号获取与所 述可用卫星之间的测相伪距, 并根据所述测相伪距获取第二坐标位置以提供给所述用 户, 以及根据所述第二坐标位置生成中断信号, 并将所述中断信号发送至所述测码伪 距模块, 以使所述测码伪距模块关闭获取所述测码伪距和所述第一坐标位置的功能。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述测相伪距模块还用于在发生整 周跳变时, 生成整周跳变中断信号, 并将所述整周跳变中断信号发送至所述测码伪距 模块, 以使所述测码伪距模块开启获取所述测码伪距和所述第一坐标位置的功能。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括:
无线通信模块;
第一检测模块, 用于检测所述可用卫星的信号强度是否达到预设强度; 无线定位模块, 用于在所述可用卫星的信号强度没有达到预设强度时, 获取所述 无线通信模块的蜂窝小区 ID, 并将所述蜂窝小区 ID的坐标位置作为第四坐标位置以 提供给所述用户。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括:
存储模块, 用于存储所述可用卫星的观测信息;
第二检测模块, 用于检测所述存储模块中是否存储所述可用卫星的观测信息; 其中, 所述无线通信模块还用于在检测到所述存储模块中没有存储所述可用卫星 的观测信息时, 从北斗辅助卫星信息中心获取所述可用卫星的观测信息。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述测相伪距模块还用于: 获取针对第一可用卫星的第一相位观测值和针对第二可用卫星的第二观测值; 获取针对第一可用卫星的第一参考相位观测值和针对第二可用卫星的第二参考观 测值; 将所述第一相位观测值和所述第一参考相位观测值做差以获取第一一次差分相 位;
将所述第二相位观测值和所述第二参考相位观测值做差以获取第二一次差分相 位;
在第一历元时刻将所述第一一次差分相位和所述第二一次差分相位做差以获取第 一二次差分相位;
在第二历元时刻将所述第一一次差分相位和所述第二一次差分相位做差以获取第 二二次差分相位;
将所述第一二次差分相位和所述第二二次差分相位做差以获取三次差分相位; 根据所述三次差分相位获取所述第二坐标位置。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述无线通信模块还用于从北斗差 分参考站数据处理中心获取参考基站对所述第一可用卫星的第一参考相位观测值和所 述第二可用卫星的第二参考相位观测值。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的装置, 其特征在于, 存储模块还用于存储所述测码伪距 模块根据所述调制信号获取的所述可用卫星的第三坐标位置, 其中, 所述测相伪距模 块从所述存储模块中获取所述可用卫星的第三坐标位置, 以根据所述第三坐标位置和 所述三次差分相位获取所述第二坐标位置。
8、 一种用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
S 1 : 捕获并跟踪可用卫星, 并获取所述可用卫星发射的调制信号;
S2: 获取所述调制信号中的测距码和本地生成的复制码;
S3: 根据所述测距码和所述复制码获取与所述可用卫星之间的测码伪距, 并根据 所述测码伪距获取第一坐标位置以提供给用户;
S4: 根据所述调制信号和所述复制码获取所述调制信号中的第一载波信号;
S5 : 根据所述第一载波信号和本地生成的第二载波信号获取与所述可用卫星之间 的测相伪距, 以及根据所述测相伪距获取第二坐标位置以提供给所述用户;
S6: 根据所述第二坐标位置生成中断信号, 并根据所述中断信号停止执行 S3。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在 S5之后还包括:
在发生整周跳变时, 生成整周跳变中断信号, 并根据所述整周跳变中断信号执行
S3。
10、 根据权利要求 8或 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
检测所述可用卫星的信号强度是否达到预设强度;
在所述可用卫星的信号强度没有达到预设强度时, 通过设置的无线通信模块获取 蜂窝小区 ID, 并将所述蜂窝小区 ID的坐标位置作为第四坐标位置以提供给所述用户。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
检测是否已存储所述可用卫星的观测信息;
在检测到没有存储所述可用卫星的观测信息时, 从北斗辅助卫星信息中心获取所 述可用卫星的观测信息。
12、 根据权利要求 8或 9所述的方法, , 其特征在于, S5包括:
获取针对第一可用卫星的第一相位观测值和针对第二可用卫星的第二观测值; 获取针对第一可用卫星的第一参考相位观测值和针对第二可用卫星的第二参考观 测值;
将所述第一相位观测值和所述第一参考相位观测值做差以获取第一一次差分相 位;
将所述第二相位观测值和所述第二参考相位观测值做差以获取第二一次差分相 位;
在第一历元时刻将所述第一一次差分相位和所述第二一次差分相位做差以获取第 一二次差分相位;
在第二历元时刻将所述第一一次差分相位和所述第二一次差分相位做差以获取第 二二次差分相位;
将所述第一二次差分相位和所述第二二次差分相位做差以获取三次差分相位; 根据所述三次差分相位获取所述第二坐标位置。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
从北斗差分参考站数据处理中心获取参考基站对所述第一可用卫星的第一参考相 位观测值和所述第二可用卫星的第二参考相位观测值。
14、 一种导航系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
北斗差分参考站数据处理中心;
用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位装置, 所述装置包括无线通信模块, 所述装置用于 通过所述无线通信模块从所述北斗差分参考站数据处理中心获取参考相位观测数据, 并根据所述参考相位观测数据和所述装置获取的相位观测数据获取所述装置的第一坐 标位置。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的系统, 其特征在于, 还包括:
无线网络定位信息中心;
其中, 所述装置用于在可用卫星的信号强度没有达到预设强度时, 通过所述无线 通信模块从所述无线网络定位信息中心获取蜂窝小区 ID, 并将所述蜂窝小区 ID的坐 标位置作为所述装置的第二坐标位置以提供给所述用户。
16、 根据权利要求 14所述的系统, 其特征在于, 还包括:
北斗辅助卫星信息中心;
其中, 所述装置用于在没有存储可用卫星的观测信息时, 通过所述无线通信模块 从所述北斗辅助卫星信息中心获取所述可用卫星的观测信息。
17、 一种存储介质, 其特征在于, 用于存储应用程序, 所述应用程序用于执行权 利要求 8至 13中任一项所述的用于北斗卫星导航系统的定位方法。
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