WO2015095997A1 - 制备聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物及甲氧基乙酸甲酯的方法 - Google Patents
制备聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物及甲氧基乙酸甲酯的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/36—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates
- C07C67/37—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates by reaction of ethers with carbon monoxide
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- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/09—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis
- C07C29/095—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis of esters of organic acids
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
- C07C29/136—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH
- C07C29/147—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
- C07C29/149—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/26—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by introduction of hydroxy or O-metal groups
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl and methyl methoxyacetate as intermediates for the production of ethylene glycol. Background technique
- Ethylene glycol is an important chemical raw material and strategic material for the manufacture of polyester (which can be used to produce polyester, PET bottles, films), explosives, glyoxal, and as an antifreeze, plasticizer, hydraulic fluid and Solvents, etc.
- China's ethylene glycol imports exceeded 5.8 million tons. It is estimated that China's ethylene glycol demand will reach 11.2 million tons in 2015, with a production capacity of about 5 million tons, and the supply and demand gap will still reach 6.2 million tons. Therefore, China's ethylene glycol production
- Internationally, petroleum cracked ethylene is mainly oxidized to obtain epoxy acetamidine, and ethylene epoxide is hydrated to obtain ethylene glycol.
- coal-based ethylene glycol new coal chemical technology can not only ensure the country's energy security, but also make full use of China's coal resources. It is the most realistic choice for the future coal chemical industry.
- Polymethoxy dimethyl ether (or polymethoxy acetal, English name Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers) has the formula CH 3 0(C3 ⁇ 40) n CH 3 , where n 2 , generally referred to as DMM n (or PODE n :).
- DMM n or PODE n :
- DMM 3 ⁇ 4 can be used as a diesel additive.
- the nature is low. Therefore, it is often necessary to repeatedly separate and re-react the by-products in the preparation process, so that the energy consumption is large and the economy is poor. Therefore, the direct processing of methylal and DMM 2 as by-products into products of higher economic value will increase the economics of this process.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl and methyl methoxyacetate as an intermediate for producing ethylene glycol by carbonylation.
- the present invention provides a process for preparing a polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl compound as an intermediate for producing ethylene glycol by carbonylation, characterized in that the raw material polymethoxy dimethyl ether CH 3 0 ( CH 2 0) n CH 3 with the same carbon oxide and hydrogen passing through the reactor carrying the acidic resin catalyst, the reaction temperature is 60 ⁇ 140 ° C, the reaction pressure is 2 ⁇ 10 MPa, and the mass space velocity of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 0.2 ⁇
- the product polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl is prepared by reacting 10.0 without adding other solvent, wherein under the reaction conditions, at least one of the raw material and the product is in a liquid phase, the acidic resin
- the catalyst is a solid phase, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are in a gas phase such that the reaction process is a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction, and the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to the raw material is 2:1 to 20:1, and the molar ratio of hydrogen to the raw material is 1
- the invention also provides a method for preparing methyl methoxyacetate and polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl as an intermediate for producing ethylene glycol by carbonylation, characterized in that the raw material acetal CH 3 0- CH 2 -OCH 3 is connected to the same carbon oxide and hydrogen through a reactor carrying an acidic resin catalyst at a reaction temperature of 60 to: 140 ° C, a reaction pressure of 2 to: 10 MPa, and a mass space velocity of methylal of 0.2 to 10.0 h" 1 And preparing the product methyl methoxyacetate and polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl by reacting without adding other solvent, wherein at least one of the raw material and the product is liquid under the reaction condition Phase, the acidic resin catalyst is a solid phase, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are in a gas phase to The reaction process is a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction, and the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to the raw material is 2:1 to 20:1, and the molar ratio of hydrogen to the raw material
- the product polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl is -0-C3 ⁇ 4-0- in the molecular chain of polymethoxy dimethyl ether CH 3 0(CH 2 0;) n CH 3
- the polymethoxy dimethyl ether is dipoly methoxy dimethyl ether CH 3 0(C 3 ⁇ 40) 2 CH 3 .
- the polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl is one or more of the following:
- the acidic resin catalyst is a perfluorosulfonic acid resin or a strong acid cation exchange resin.
- the acidic resin catalyst is a Nafion resin.
- the strongly acidic cation exchange resin is prepared by first copolymerizing styrene with divinylbenzene by sulfuric acid sulfonation and optionally F, C1 or Br modification.
- the reaction temperature is 60 to 120 ° C
- the reaction pressure is 4 to 10 MPa
- the mass space velocity of the raw material is 0.5 to 3.0 h -
- the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to the raw material is 2:1 ⁇ 15:1
- the molar ratio of hydrogen to the raw material is 1:1 to 3:1.
- the reaction temperature is 60 to 90 ° C
- the reaction pressure is 5 to 10 MPa
- the mass space velocity of the raw material is 0.5 to 1.5 h -
- the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to the raw material is 2:1 ⁇ 10:1
- the molar ratio of hydrogen to the raw material is 1:1 to 2:1.
- the reactor is a fixed bed reactor, a tank reactor, a moving bed reactor or a fluidized bed reactor that effects a continuous reaction.
- the conversion rate of the raw material polymethoxy dimethyl ether or methylal is high, the selectivity of each product is high, the catalyst has a long service life, no external solvent is needed, the reaction condition is mild, and the product can be continuously produced, and has industrial application. potential.
- the obtained product can be hydrolyzed by hydrogenation Or hydrolyzed to produce ethylene glycol after hydrolysis.
- the present invention provides a process for preparing a polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl compound, characterized in that a raw material containing polymethoxy dimethyl ether CH 3 O CH 2 C n CH 3 , carbon monoxide and hydrogen is passed through an acid
- the reactor of the resin catalyst is prepared by reacting at a reaction temperature of 60 to 140 ° C, a reaction pressure of 2 to 10 MPa, a mass space velocity of polymethoxy dimethyl ether of 0.2 to 10.0 h -1 and without adding other solvent.
- Polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl under the reaction conditions, the raw material polymethoxy dimethyl ether and the product polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl are at least one liquid phase, the catalyst is a solid phase, and the raw materials carbon monoxide and hydrogen are gas phase.
- the reaction process is a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction; in the raw material, the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 2:1 ⁇ 20: 1, and the molar ratio of hydrogen to polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 1: 1 to 5: 1, where n 2 is an integer.
- the acidic resin catalyst is a perfluorosulfonic acid resin (for example, Nafion resin) or a strongly acidic cation exchange resin.
- the perfluorosulfonic acid resin is the strongest solid super acid currently known, and has the characteristics of good heat resistance, chemical stability and high mechanical strength.
- a perfluorovinyl ether monomer having a sulfonic acid group is copolymerized with tetrafluoroethylene to obtain a perfluorosulfonic acid resin. Since the most electronegative fluorine atom is introduced into the Nafion resin, a strong field effect and an inducing effect are generated, so that its acidity increases sharply. Compared with liquid super acid, when used as a catalyst, it is easy to separate, can be used repeatedly, has low corrosivity, causes less pollution, has good selectivity, and is easy to be used in industrial production.
- the strongly acidic cation exchange resin is a copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene which is first sulfonated with sulfuric acid or not passed through? Preparation of halogen, Cl, Br and other halogen elements;
- the highest use temperature of the strong acid cation exchange resin is higher than the reaction temperature, and the dry acid content is not less than 1 mmol/g.
- the reaction process is a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction
- the reaction temperature is 60 to: 120 ° C
- the reaction pressure is 4 to 10 MPa
- the mass space velocity of the polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 0.5 to 3.0 h.
- the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 2:1 to 15:1, and the preferred molar ratio of hydrogen to polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 1:1 to 3:1.
- the reaction process is a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction
- the reaction temperature is 60 to 90 ° C
- the reaction pressure is 5 to: lO MPa
- the mass space velocity of the polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 0.5 to 1.5.
- h" 1 the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 2:1 ⁇ 10:1
- the preferred molar ratio of hydrogen to polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 1:1 ⁇ 2:1.
- both the conversion of polymethoxy dimethyl ether and the selectivity of polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl are calculated based on the moles of polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbon:
- the invention also provides a preparation method of methyl methoxyacetate and polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl, which comprises raw materials containing methylal CH 3 0-CH 2 -OCH 3 , carbon monoxide and hydrogen. passed through the reactor containing acidic resin catalyst, at a reaction temperature of 60 ⁇ 140 ° C, a reaction pressure of 2 ⁇ 10 MPa, WHSV methylal is 0.2 ⁇ 10.0 h "1 without adding any other solvent under the reaction conditions, the preparation of Methyl methoxyacetate and polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl; under the reaction conditions, the raw material methyl acetal and the product methyl methoxyacetate and polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl are at least one liquid phase, catalyst For the solid phase, the raw materials carbon monoxide and hydrogen are in the gas phase, and the reaction process is a gas-liquid solid three-phase reaction; in the raw material, the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to methylal is 2: 1 ⁇ 20: 1, and the m
- the acidic resin catalyst is a strongly acidic perfluoro Nafion resin.
- the reaction process is a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction
- the reaction temperature is 60 to: 120 ° C
- the reaction pressure is 4 to: 10 MPa
- the mass space velocity of the methylal is 0.5 to 3.0 h - carbon monoxide and
- the molar ratio of methylal is 2:1 to 15: 1, and the preferred molar ratio of hydrogen to methylal is 1:1 to 3:1.
- the reaction process is a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction
- the reaction temperature is 60 to 90 ° C
- the reaction pressure is 5 to: 10 MPa
- the mass space velocity of the methylal is 0.5 to 1.5 h - carbon monoxide and carbon
- the molar ratio of acetal is 2:1 to 10:1
- the preferred molar ratio of hydrogen to methylal is 1:1 to 2:1.
- the conversion of methylal and the selectivity of the product are calculated based on the methylal number of methylal:
- Methylal conversion [(Methyl acetal in the feed: M): (Met acetal carbon mole in the discharge) Number)] ⁇ (molar carbon in the feed) X (100%)
- Methyl methoxyacetate selectivity (molar number of carbon after removal of carbonyl by methyl methoxyacetate in the discharge) ⁇ [(moles of methyl acetal in the feed) 1 (methyl acetal in the discharge) Number)] ⁇ ( ⁇ %)
- Polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl selectivity (Molar number of carbons after removal of carbonyl by polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl in the discharge:) ⁇ [(in the feed) The number of moles of aldehyde carbon:) one (molar number of methyl acetal in the discharge)] X (100%)
- the polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl is in the molecular chain of polymethoxy dimethyl ether
- the product of the -o-c3 ⁇ 4-(co)-o-structural unit, the polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl compound contains one or more carbonyl groups.
- the polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl compound produced in the examples may be one or more of the following:
- CH 3 -0-(CO) -CH 2 -0-CH 2 -0-CH 3 is abbreviated as C5-1,
- CH 3 -0 -CH 2 -(CO)-0-CH 2 -0-CH 3 is abbreviated as C5-2,
- CH 3 -0-(CO)-CH 2 -0-(CO)-CH 2 -0-CH 3 is abbreviated as C6-1,
- CH 3 -0-(CO)-CH 2 -0-CH 2 -(CO)-0-CH 3 is abbreviated as C6-2.
- the product of the present invention methyl methoxyacetate or polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl, can be hydrolyzed by hydrogenation or hydrolyzed to obtain ethylene glycol. Further, the product can also be used as a steam and diesel additive.
- the reaction process for the formation of ethylene glycol by diethylene dimethyl ether (DMM 2 ) CH 3 0(C3 ⁇ 40) 2 C3 ⁇ 4 is as follows:
- the reactor is a continuous flow fixed bed reactor, a kettle Reactor, moving bed reactor or fluidized bed reactor.
- the invention is described in detail below by way of examples, but the invention is not limited to the examples.
- the reaction results are shown in Table 1.
- Table 1 Catalytic reaction results of Buying Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2
- the reaction results are shown in Table 2.
- T 120 °C
- CO: DMM: H 2 15:1:4
- P 4.7 MPa
- WHSV 0.5 h - 1
- the catalyst used in the process of the present invention is an acid resin catalyst
- the raw material is polymethoxy dimethyl ether or methylal with a mixed gas of the same oxidized carbon and hydrogen.
- the raw material can stably and efficiently produce the product polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl or methyl methoxyacetate as an intermediate for producing ethylene glycol through the catalyst, and the reaction process is gas-liquid solid three-phase. reaction.
- the carbonylation reaction of methoxy dimethyl ether or methylal is a strong exothermic reaction.
- the reaction temperature is relatively low, and the liquid heat capacity and the latent heat of phase change are well, and the reaction temperature can be well controlled to prevent industrial production.
- the gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction adopted by the invention can be operated at a high concentration of polymethoxy dimethyl ether or methylal, which improves the single-pass reaction productivity in industrial production, and reduces the energy during compression, circulation and separation. Consumption, improve economic performance.
- the conversion ratio of the raw material polymethoxy dimethyl ether or methylal is high, and the product polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl or methyl methoxyacetate has high selectivity and long catalyst life.
- the liquid phase starting material reactant or product itself is an excellent solvent, and no additional solvent is required.
- the liquid phase reactant or product can dissolve the pre-carbon deposit material in the catalytic reaction process, which is beneficial to improving the activity and stability of the catalyst, the reaction condition is mild, the continuous production can be realized, and the industrial application potential is obtained.
- a carbonylation reaction uses a mixed gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen as a gas phase, and a high-purity carbon monoxide is required in comparison with the existing coal chemical production ethylene glycol technology.
- the present invention does not require high-purity carbon monoxide, and can greatly reduce the separation gas of synthesis gas. Consumption, improve the economics of the production process.
- the addition of hydrogen to the reaction gas can also increase the conversion of polymethoxy dimethyl ether or methylal and the selectivity of polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl or methyl methoxyacetate to prolong the life of the catalyst.
- polymethoxy dimethyl ether carbonyl or methyl methoxyacetate produced in the present invention can be produced by hydrohydrolysis or post-hydrolysis to produce ethylene glycol.
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Abstract
一种制备作为生产乙二醇的中间体的聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物和/或甲氧基乙酸甲酯的方法,包括将原料聚甲氧基二甲醚或甲缩醛连同一氧化碳和氢气通过载有酸性树脂催化剂的反应器,在不添加其它溶剂的适当反应条件下反应制备相应产物,其中反应过程为气液固三相反应。该方法中原料聚甲氧基二甲醚或甲缩醛的转化率高,各产物的选择性高,催化剂寿命长,不需要使用外加溶剂,反应条件比较温和,能够连续生产,具备工业化应用潜力。而且,所获的产物能够通过加氢后水解或者水解后加氢生产乙二醇。
Description
制备聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物及甲氧基乙酸甲酯的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种作为生产乙二醇的中间体的聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物 及甲氧基乙酸甲酯的制备方法。 背景技术
乙二醇是国家重要的化工原料和战略物资,用于制造聚酯(可进一歩 生产涤纶、 PET瓶子、 薄膜)、 炸药、 乙二醛, 并可作为防冻剂、 增塑剂、 水力流体和溶剂等。 2009 年中国的乙二醇进口量超过 580 万吨, 预计 2015 年我国乙二醇需求将达到 1120 万吨, 生产能力约 500 万吨, 供需 缺口仍达 620 万吨, 因此, 我国乙二醇生产新技术的开发应用具有很好 的市场前景。国际上主要采用石油裂解的乙烯经氧化得到环氧乙垸,环氧 乙垸水合得到乙二醇。鉴于我国 "富煤缺油少气"的能源资源结构与原油 价格长期维持高位运行等现状,煤制乙二醇新型煤化工技术既能保障国家 的能源安全,又充分利用了我国的煤炭资源,是未来煤化工产业最现实的 选择。
目前, 国内比较成熟的技术是由中国科学院福建物构所开发的 "CO 气相催化合成草酸酯和草酸酯催化加氢合成乙二醇成套工艺技术。 " 2009 年 12月上旬,备受业界瞩目的全球首套工业化示范装置-内蒙古通辽金煤 化工公司 "煤制乙二醇项目"一期工程、 年产 20万吨煤制乙二醇项目顺 利打通全线工艺流程, 生产出合格乙二醇产品。然而工艺单元较多, 工业 气体纯度要求高,在氧化偶联过程中需要使用贵金属催化剂,需要利用潜 在环境污染的氮氧化合物等会制约该流程的经济性、环保性、节能性以及 进一歩工程放大。
聚甲氧基二甲醚(或叫聚甲氧基甲缩醛, 英文名为 Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers) 的分子式为 CH30(C¾0)nCH3, 其中 n 2, 一般简称为 DMMn (:或 PODEn:)。 在制备聚甲氧基二甲醚的过程中, 其生成的产物分布 不合理, 甲缩醛和 DMM2较高, 而可以用作柴油添加剂的 DMM3〜4选择
性却较低,因此,常常需要对其制备过程中的副产物进行反复分离再反应, 这样能耗较大,经济性较差。因此,如果能将作为副产物的甲缩醛和 DMM2 直接加工成经济价值更高的产品将会提高此过程的经济性。
近年来, 美国 UC, Berkeley的 Alexis T. Bell教授课题组提出利用甲 缩醛气相羰基化法制备甲氧基乙酸甲酯,然后加氢水解得到乙二醇的一条 新路线, 其中最关键的一歩是气羰基化反应。然而催化剂寿命短、原料气 中甲缩醛浓度低、 甲缩醛转化率与甲氧基乙酸甲酯选择性都不够理想,离 工业化还有相当长的距离 [Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2009, 48, 4813〜4815; J. Catal, 2010, 270, 185〜 195; J. Catal, 2010, 274, 150〜 162; WO 2010/048300 Al ]。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种通过羰基化制备作为生产乙二醇的中间 体的聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物及甲氧基乙酸甲酯的方法。
为此,本发明提供一种通过羰基化制备作为生产乙二醇的中间体的聚 甲氧基二甲醚羰化物的方法, 其特征在于, 将原料聚甲氧基二甲醚 CH30(CH20)nCH3连同一氧化碳和氢气通过载有酸性树脂催化剂的反应 器, 在反应温度 60〜140°C、 反应压力 2〜10 MPa、 聚甲氧基二甲醚质量 空速为 0.2〜10.0 且不添加其他溶剂的条件下反应制备产物聚甲氧基二 甲醚羰化物,其中在所述反应条件下,所述原料与所述产物中的至少一种 为液相,所述酸性树脂催化剂为固相,一氧化碳和氢气为气相以使反应过 程为气液固三相反应, 并且一氧化碳与所述原料的摩尔比为 2:1〜20:1, 氢气与所述原料的摩尔比为 1 :1〜5:1, 其中 n 2且为整数。
本发明还提供一种通过羰基化制备作为生产乙二醇的中间体甲氧基 乙酸甲酯及聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物的方法, 其特征在于, 将原料甲缩醛 CH30-CH2-OCH3连同一氧化碳和氢气通过载有酸性树脂催化剂的反应 器,在反应温度 60〜: 140°C、反应压力 2〜: lO MPa、甲缩醛质量空速为 0.2〜 10.0 h"1且不添加其他溶剂的条件下反应制备产物甲氧基乙酸甲酯及聚甲 氧基二甲醚羰化物,其中在所述反应条件下,所述原料与所述产物中的至 少一种为液相,所述酸性树脂催化剂为固相,一氧化碳和氢气为气相以使
反应过程为气液固三相反应, 并且一氧化碳与所述原料的摩尔比为 2:1〜 20:1, 氢气与所述原料的摩尔比为 1 :1〜5: 1。
在一个优选实施方案中,所述产物聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物是在聚甲氧 基二甲醚 CH30(CH20;)nCH3分子链的 -0-C¾-0-结构单元上插入一个或多 个羰基 -CO-后形成的具有 -C CO)-C¾-0-或 -0-CH2-(CO)-0-结构单元的 产物, 其中 n 2。
在一个优选实施方案中, 所述聚甲氧基二甲醚为二聚甲氧基二甲醚 CH30(C¾0)2CH3。
在一个优选实施方案中,所述聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物为以下中的一种 或多种:
CH3-0-(CO)-CH2-0-CH2-0-CH3,
CH3-0 -C¾-(C0)-0-C¾-0-CH3,
CH3-0-(CO)-CH2-0-(CO)-CH2-0-CH3, 禾口
CH3-0-(CO)-CH2-0-CH2-(CO)-0-CH3。
在一个优选实施方案中,所述酸性树脂催化剂是全氟磺酸树脂或强酸 性阳离子交换树脂。
在一个优选实施方案中, 所述酸性树脂催化剂是 Nafion树脂。
在一个优选实施方案中,所述强酸性阳离子交换树脂是使苯乙烯与二 乙烯苯的共聚物先经过硫酸磺化和任选的 F、 C1或 Br改性制备。
在一个优选实施方案中, 反应温度为 60〜120°C, 反应压力为 4〜10 MPa,所述原料的质量空速为 0.5〜3.0 h— 一氧化碳与所述原料的摩尔比 为 2:1〜15:1, 氢气与所述原料的摩尔比为 1 :1〜3:1。
在一个优选实施方案中, 反应温度为 60〜90°C, 反应压力为 5〜10 MPa,所述原料的质量空速为 0.5〜1.5 h— 一氧化碳与所述原料的摩尔比 为 2:1〜10:1, 氢气与所述原料的摩尔比为 1 :1〜2:1。
在一个优选实施方案中, 所述反应器是实现连续反应的固定床反应 器、 釜式反应器、 移动床反应器或流化床反应器。
本发明方法中原料聚甲氧基二甲醚或甲缩醛的转化率高,各产物的选 择性高, 催化剂寿命长, 不需要使用外加溶剂, 反应条件比较温和, 能够 连续生产, 具备工业化应用潜力。而且, 所获的产物能够通过加氢后水解
或者水解后加氢生产乙二醇。 具体实施方式
本发明提供一种制备聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物的方法,其特征在于,将 含有聚甲氧基二甲醚 CH3O CH2C nCH3、一氧化碳和氢气的原料通过载有 酸性树脂催化剂的反应器,在反应温度 60〜140°C、反应压力 2〜10 MPa、 聚甲氧基二甲醚质量空速为 0.2〜10.0 h—1且不添加其他溶剂的条件下反 应,制备聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物;反应条件下原料聚甲氧基二甲醚与产物 聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物至少一种为液相,催化剂为固相,原料一氧化碳和 氢气为气相, 反应过程为气液固三相反应; 原料中, 一氧化碳与聚甲氧基 二甲醚的摩尔比为 2:1〜20: 1, 氢气与聚甲氧基二甲醚的摩尔比为 1 : 1〜 5: 1, 其中 n 2且为整数。
所述的聚甲氧基二甲醚为单一组分或混合物, 分子式为 CH30(CH20)nCH3,其中 n 2且为整数,优选 n=2, B CH30(CH20)2CH30 所述酸性树脂催化剂为全氟磺酸树脂 (例如 Nafion树脂) 或强酸性 阳离子交换树脂。其中,所述全氟磺酸树脂是现在已知的最强固体超强酸, 具有耐热性能好、化学稳定性和机械强度高等特点。一般是将带有磺酸基 的全氟乙烯基醚单体与四氟乙烯进行共聚, 得到全氟磺酸树脂。 由于 Nafion树脂中引入电负性最大的氟原子, 产生强大的场效应和诱导效应, 从而使其酸性剧增。 与液体超强酸相比, 用作催化剂时, 易于分离, 可反 复使用, 腐蚀性小, 引起公害少, 选择性好, 容易应用于工业化生产。所 述强酸性阳离子交换树脂是苯乙烯与二乙烯苯的共聚物先经过硫酸磺化 再经过或不经过?、 Cl、 Br等卤素元素改性制备; 强酸性阳离子交换树脂 的最高使用温度高于反应温度, 干基酸含量不低于 1 mmol/g。
在一个优选实施方式中, 反应过程为气液固三相反应, 反应温度为 60〜: 120°C,反应压力为 4〜10 MPa,聚甲氧基二甲醚质量空速为 0.5〜3.0 h"1 , 一氧化碳与聚甲氧基二甲醚的摩尔比为 2:1〜15:1, 优选的氢气与聚 甲氧基二甲醚的摩尔比为 1 : 1〜3: 1。
在一个优选实施方式中, 反应过程为气液固三相反应, 反应温度为 60〜90°C, 反应压力为 5〜: lO MPa, 聚甲氧基二甲醚质量空速为 0.5〜1.5
h"1 , 一氧化碳与聚甲氧基二甲醚的摩尔比为 2:1〜10:1, 优选的氢气与聚 甲氧基二甲醚的摩尔比为 1 : 1〜2: 1。
在本发明的一些实施例中,聚甲氧基二甲醚的转化率和聚甲氧基二甲 醚羰化物的选择性都基于聚甲氧基二甲醚碳摩尔数进行计算:
聚甲氧基二甲醚转化率= [(进料中聚甲氧基二甲醚碳摩尔数 M出料中 聚甲氧基二甲醚碳摩尔数)] ÷ (;进料中聚甲氧基二甲醚碳摩尔数) χ(ιοο%) 聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物选择性 = (出料中聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物除 去羰基后的碳摩尔数:) ÷ [(进料中聚甲氧基二甲醚碳摩尔数:)一 (出料中聚 甲氧基二甲醚碳摩尔数) ] X (100%)
本发明还提供一种甲氧基乙酸甲酯及聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物的制备 方法, 其特征在于, 将含有甲缩醛 CH30-CH2-OCH3、 一氧化碳和氢气的 原料通过载有酸性树脂催化剂的反应器, 在反应温度 60〜140°C、 反应压 力 2〜10 MPa, 甲缩醛质量空速为 0.2〜10.0 h"1且不添加其他溶剂的条件 下反应,制备甲氧基乙酸甲酯及聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物;反应条件下原料 甲缩醛与产物甲氧基乙酸甲酯及聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物至少一种为液相, 催化剂为固相,原料一氧化碳和氢气为气相,反应过程为气液固三相反应; 原料中, 一氧化碳与甲缩醛的摩尔比为 2: 1〜20: 1, 氢气与甲缩醛的摩尔 比为 1 :1〜5: 1。
本发明中, 所述酸性树脂催化剂为强酸性全氟 Nafion树脂
在一个优选实施方式中, 反应过程为气液固三相反应, 反应温度为 60〜: 120°C, 反应压力为 4〜: 10 MPa, 甲缩醛质量空速为 0.5〜3.0 h— 一 氧化碳与甲缩醛的摩尔比为 2: 1〜15: 1, 优选的氢气与甲缩醛的摩尔比为 1 : 1〜3:1。
在一个优选实施方式中, 反应过程为气液固三相反应, 反应温度为 60〜90°C, 反应压力为 5〜: 10 MPa, 甲缩醛质量空速为 0.5〜1.5 h— 一氧 化碳与甲缩醛的摩尔比为 2:1〜10:1, 优选的氢气与甲缩醛的摩尔比为 1 : 1〜2:1。
在一些实施例中,甲缩醛的转化率和产物的选择性都基于甲缩醛碳摩 尔数进行计算:
甲缩醛转化率 = [(进料中甲缩醛碳摩尔数:)一(出料中甲缩醛碳摩尔
数)] ÷ (进料中甲缩醛碳摩尔数) X (100%)
甲氧基乙酸甲酯选择性 = (出料中甲氧基乙酸甲酯除去羰基后的碳 摩尔数) ÷ [(进料中甲缩醛碳摩尔数)一(出料中甲缩醛碳摩尔数) ] χ (ιοο%) 聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物选择性 = (出料中聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物除 去羰基后的碳摩尔数:) ÷ [(进料中甲缩醛碳摩尔数:)一(出料中甲缩醛碳摩 尔数)] X (100%)
所述的聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物是在聚甲氧基二甲醚分子链的
-0-CH2-0-结构单元上插入羰基 -co-后形成的具有 -C CO C¾-O-或
-o-c¾-(co)-o-结构单元的产物,聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物含有一个或多个 羰基。
实施例中产生的聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物可以为以下中的一种或多种:
CH3-0-(CO) -CH2-0-CH2-0-CH3 简称为 C5-1,
CH3-0 -CH2-(CO)-0-CH2-0-CH3简称为 C5-2,
CH3-0-(CO)-CH2-0-(CO)-CH2-0-CH3简称为 C6-1,
CH3-0-(CO)-CH2-0-CH2-(CO)-0-CH3简称为 C6-2。
本发明的产物甲氧基乙酸甲酯或聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物可以通过加 氢后水解或水解后加氢得到乙二醇, 此外, 所述产物还可以用作汽、柴油 添加剂。 例如, 以二聚甲氧基二甲醚 (DMM2) CH30(C¾0)2C¾为例简 要表达生成乙二醇的反应过程为:
co CH30(CO) CH2OCH2OCH3 +
CH30(CH20)2CH: CH3OCH2(CO)OCH2OCH3+
CH30(CO) CH20(CO)CH2OCH3+ CH30(CO) CH2OCH2(CO)OCH3
H20
► HOCH2CH2OH
个优选实施方式中,所述反应器是连续流动的固定床反应器、釜
式反应器、 移动床反应器或流化床反应器。 下面通过实施例详述本发明, 但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。
实施例 1
将 50 g酸性 Nafion-117树脂在鼓风干燥箱中, 空气气氛下 105°C烘 干 12小时, 冷却后称取 10 g装入内径为 8.5 mm的不锈钢反应管内用于 活性测试, 在常压、 100°C下用氮气活化 1小时, 然后降到反应温度 (T) =90°C, 通入一氧化碳:二聚甲氧基二甲醚: 氢气(〇0:0 2::¾)=7:1:1, 缓慢升压到反应压力(P) =10 MPa, 二聚甲氧基二甲醚质量空速 (WHSV)=0.2 h"1, 用气相色谱分析产物, 反应基本稳定后, 计算二聚甲氧 基二甲醚的转化率和聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物的选择性, 反应结果见表 1。
实施例 2
将实施例 1中的催化剂换成酸性 Nafion-115树脂, T = 60 °C, CO: DMM2:H2 = 13:1:3, P = 4MPa, WHSV=1.5h— 其余实验歩骤与实施例 1 一致, 反应结果见表 1。
实施例 3
将实施例 1中的催化剂换成酸性 Nafion-112树脂, T = 140 °C, CO: DMM2:H2 = 2:1:5, P = 6.5 MPa, WHS V =3.0^, 其余实验歩骤与实施例
1一致, 反应结果见表 1。
实施例 4
将实施例 1中的催化剂换成干基酸量为 3.5 mmol/g,最高使用温度为 170 °C的商业化酸性阳离子交换树脂 A, T = 105 °C, CO: DMM2: ¾ = 20:1:1, P =5.0MPa, WHSV =1.0 h"1, 其余实验歩骤与实施例 1一致, 反 应结果见表 1。
实施例 5
将实施例 1中的催化剂换成干基酸量为 4.1 mmol/g,最高使用温度为 165 °C的商业化酸性阳离子交换树脂 B, T = 73 °C, CO: DMM2: ¾ = 10:1:2, P = 2MPa, WHSV =10.0 h"1, 其余实验歩骤与实施例 1一致, 反 应结果见表 1。
实施例 6
将实施例 1中的催化剂换成干基酸量为 3.1 mmol/g,最高使用温度为 155 °C的商业化酸性阳离子交换树脂 C, T = 120 °C, CO: DMM2: ¾ = 15:1 :4, P = 4.7MPa, WHSV =0.5 h"1 , 其余实验歩骤与实施例 1一致, 反应结果见表 1。
实施例 7
将 50 g Nafion-117树脂在鼓风干燥箱中, 空气气氛下 105°C烘干 12 小时,冷却后称取 10 g装入内径为 8.5 mm的不锈钢反应管内用于活性测 试,在常压、 100°C下用氮气活化 1小时, 然后降到反应温度(T) =88 °C, 通入原料一氧化碳:聚甲氧基二甲醚:氢气 (CO: DMMn: ¾ )= 8:1 : 1, 其中 DMMn各组分的质量比为: DMM2: DMM3 : DMM4: DMM5: DMM6 = 51.2 : 26.6 : 12.8 : 6.5 : 2.9, 缓慢升压到反应压力 (P) =8 MPa, 聚甲氧基二 甲醚质量空速WHSV;>=1.5 h— 用气相色谱分析产物, 反应结果见表 1。
实施例 8
将 50 g酸性阳离子交换树脂 A在鼓风干燥箱中, 空气气氛下 105°C 烘干 12小时, 冷却后称取 10 g装入内径为 8.5 mm的不锈钢反应管内用 于活性测试,在常压、 100°C下用氮气活化 1小时,然后降到反应温度(T) =95 °C, 通入原料一氧化碳:聚甲氧基二甲醚:氢气 (CO: DMMn: ¾ )= 10:1 :1, 其中 DMMn各组分的质量比为: DMM2 : DMM3: DMM4: DMM5: DMM6 = 47.7: 26.9: 14.0: 7.8: 3.6, 缓慢升压到反应压力 (P) =7 MPa, 聚 甲氧基二甲醚质量空速WHSV;)=2.0 h— 用气相色谱分析产物, 反应结果 见表 1。
对比例 1
将实施例 1中的 气体比例换成 CO: DMM2: ¾ = 7:1 :0, 其余实验 歩骤与实施例 1一致, 反应结果见表 1。
对比例 2
将实施例 4中的气体比例换成 CO: DMM2: ¾ = 20:1 :0, 其余实验歩 骤与实施例 4一致, 反应结果见表 1。
表 1 买施例 1〜8与对比例 1〜2的催化反应结果
实施例 9
将 50 g酸性 Nafion-117树脂在鼓风干燥箱中, 空气气氛下 105°C烘 干 12小时, 冷却后称取 10 g装入内径为 8.5 mm的不锈钢反应管内用于 活性测试, 在常压、 100°C下用氮气活化 1小时, 然后调节到反应温度 (T) =90 °C ,通入一氧化碳:甲缩醛:氢气(^0:0 ::¾)=7:1:1, 缓慢升压到 反应压力 (P) = 10MPa,甲缩醛质量空速 (WHSV)=0.2 h— 用气相色谱分析 产物, 反应基本稳定后, 计算甲缩醛的转化率和产物的选择性, 反应结果 见表 2。
实施例 10
将实施例 9中的催化剂换成酸性 Nafion-115树脂,反应条件换为: T = 60°C, CO: DMM:¾ = 13:1:3, P = 4MPa, WHSV^ h-1, 其余实验歩骤 与实施例 9一致, 反应结果见表 2。
实施例 11
将实施例 9中的催化剂换酸性 Nafion-112树脂, 反应条件换为: T = 140 °C , CO: DMM: ¾ = 2:1:5, P= 6.5 MPa, WHSV =3.0 h"1, 其余实验歩骤 与实施例 9一致, 反应结果见表 2。
实施例 12
将实施例 9中的反应条件换为: T = 105 °C , CO: DMM: ¾ = 20:1:1, P= 5.0 MPa, WHSV =1.0 h—1, 其余实验歩骤与实施例 9一致, 反应结果见 表 2。
实施例 13
将实施例 9中的催化剂换成 Nafion-115树脂, 反应条件换为: T = 73 °C , CO: DMM: ¾ = 10:1:2, P= 2 MPa, WHSV =10.0 h"1, 其余实验歩骤与 实施例 9一致, 反应结果见表 2。
实施例 14
将实施例 9中的催化剂换成酸性 Nafion-112树脂, 反应条件换为: T = 120 °C , CO: DMM: H2 = 15:1:4, P= 4.7 MPa, WHSV =0.5 h—1,其余实验歩 骤与实施例 9一致, 反应结果见表 2。
对比例 3
将实施例 12中的气体比例换为 CO: DMM: ¾ = 20:1:0, 其余实验歩
骤与实施例 12—致, 反应结果见表 2。
对比例 4
将实施例 13中的气体比例换为 CO: DMM: ¾ = 10:1:0, 其余实验歩 骤与实施例 13—致, 反应结果见表 2。
买施例 9〜14与比较例 3-4的催化反应结果
本发明的有益效果包括但不限于: 本发明的方法所采用的催化剂为酸 性树脂催化剂,原料为聚甲氧基二甲醚或甲缩醛连同一氧化碳和氢气的混 合气。在本发明的反应条件下, 原料通过催化剂能够稳定高效生产作为生 产乙二醇的中间体的产物聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物或甲氧基乙酸甲酯,反应 过程为气液固三相反应。 甲氧基二甲醚或甲缩醛羰基化反应为强放热反 应, 本发明中反应温度比较低, 再加上液相热容大与相变潜热, 能够很好 控制反应温度, 防止工业生产过程中飞温的问题。 同时本发明采用的气液 固三相反应能够在高的聚甲氧基二甲醚或甲缩醛浓度下操作,提高了工业 生产中单程反应产能, 减少了压缩、循环以及分离过程中的能耗, 提高经 济性能。
本发明中原料聚甲氧基二甲醚或甲缩醛的转化率高,产物聚甲氧基二 甲醚羰化物或甲氧基乙酸甲酯选择性高, 催化剂寿命长。此外, 在本发明 方法中,液相原料反应物或产物本身就是优良溶剂,不需要使用外加溶剂。 另外液相反应物或产物能够溶解催化反应过程中的预积碳物质,有利于提 高催化剂的活性和稳定性, 反应条件比较温和, 能够连续生产, 具备工业 化应用潜力。
而且, 本发明中羰基化反应采用一氧化碳和氢气的混合气作为气相, 相对于现有煤化工生产乙二醇技术需要高纯度一氧化碳,本发明不需要高 纯度一氧化碳, 可以大幅度降低合成气分离能耗, 提高生产过程中的经济 性。另外反应气中加入氢气还能够提高聚甲氧基二甲醚或甲缩醛转化率和 聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物或甲氧基乙酸甲酯选择性, 延长催化剂寿命。
此外,本发明中生产的聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物或甲氧基乙酸甲酯能够 通过加氢水解或者水解后加氢生产乙二醇。 以上已对本发明进行了详细描述,但本发明并不局限于本文所描述具 体实施方式。本领域技术人员理解, 在不背离本发明范围的情况下, 可以 作出其他更改和变形。 本发明的范围由所附权利要求限定。
Claims
1、 一种通过羰基化制备作为生产乙二醇的中间体的聚甲氧基二甲醚 羰化物的方法, 其特征在于, 将原料聚甲氧基二甲醚 CH30(CH20)nCH3 连同一氧化碳和氢气通过载有酸性树脂催化剂的反应器,在反应温度 60〜 140°C、 反应压力 2〜10 MPa、 聚甲氧基二甲醚质量空速为 0.2〜10.0 h— 1 且不添加其他溶剂的条件下反应制备产物聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物,其中在 所述反应条件下, 所述原料与所述产物中的至少一种为液相, 所述酸性树 脂催化剂为固相, 一氧化碳和氢气为气相以使反应过程为气液固三相反 应, 并且一氧化碳与所述原料的摩尔比为 2:1〜20:1, 氢气与所述原料的 摩尔比为 1 :1〜5:1, 其中 n 2且为整数。
2、 一种通过羰基化制备作为生产乙二醇的中间体甲氧基乙酸甲酯及 聚甲氧基二甲醚羰化物的方法, 其特征在于, 将原料甲缩醛 CH30-CH2-OCH3连同一氧化碳和氢气通过载有酸性树脂催化剂的反应 器,在反应温度 60〜: 140°C、反应压力 2〜10 MPa、甲缩醛质量空速为 0.2〜 10.0 h"1且不添加其他溶剂的条件下反应制备产物甲氧基乙酸甲酯及聚甲 氧基二甲醚羰化物, 其中在所述反应条件下, 所述原料与所述产物中的至 少一种为液相, 所述酸性树脂催化剂为固相, 一氧化碳和氢气为气相以使 反应过程为气液固三相反应, 并且一氧化碳与所述原料的摩尔比为 2:1〜 20:1, 氢气与所述原料的摩尔比为 1 :1〜5:1。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述产物聚甲氧 基二甲醚羰化物是在聚甲氧基二甲醚 CH3O CH20;)nCH3 分子链的 -0-CH2-0-结构单元中插入一个或多个羰基 -CO-后形成的具有 -0-(CO)-C¾-0-或 -0-C¾-(CO)-0-结构单元的产物, 其中 n 2。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述聚甲氧基二甲醚 为二聚甲氧基二甲醚 CH30(C¾0)2CH3。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述聚甲氧基二 甲醚羰化物为以下中的一种或多种:
CH3-0-(CO)-CH2-0-CH2-0-CH3,
CH3-0 -C¾-(CO)-0-C¾-0-CH3,
CH3-0-(CO)-CH2-0-(CO)-CH2-0-CH3, 禾口
CH3-0-(CO)-CH2-0-CH2-(CO)-0-CH3。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述酸性树脂催化剂 是全氟磺酸树脂或强酸性阳离子交换树脂。
7、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述酸性树脂催 化剂是 Nafion树脂。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述强酸性阳离子交 换树脂是使苯乙烯与二乙烯苯的共聚物先经过硫酸磺化和任选的 F、 C1 或 Br改性制备。
9、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 反应温度为 60〜 120 °C , 反应压力为 4〜: 10 MPa, 所述原料的质量空速为 0.5〜3.0 h— 一 氧化碳与所述原料的摩尔比为 2: 1〜15: 1, 氢气与所述原料的摩尔比为 1 : 1〜3:1。
10、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 反应温度为 60〜 90°C, 反应压力为 5〜: lO MPa, 所述原料的质量空速为 0.5〜1.5 h— 一氧 化碳与所述原料的摩尔比为 2:1〜10:1, 氢气与所述原料的摩尔比为 1 :1〜 2: 1。
11、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述反应器是实 现连续反应的固定床反应器、釜式反应器、移动床反应器或流化床反应器。
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| CN114436845A (zh) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-05-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种甲醛羰基化合成甲氧基乙酸甲酯的方法 |
| CN117886679A (zh) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-04-16 | 青岛迈特达新材料有限公司 | 一种聚甲氧基二甲醚净化的方法 |
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| CN114436845A (zh) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-05-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种甲醛羰基化合成甲氧基乙酸甲酯的方法 |
| CN114436845B (zh) * | 2020-10-20 | 2024-01-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种甲醛羰基化合成甲氧基乙酸甲酯的方法 |
| CN117886679A (zh) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-04-16 | 青岛迈特达新材料有限公司 | 一种聚甲氧基二甲醚净化的方法 |
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