WO2015078188A1 - 一种天线结构和移动终端 - Google Patents

一种天线结构和移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015078188A1
WO2015078188A1 PCT/CN2014/082095 CN2014082095W WO2015078188A1 WO 2015078188 A1 WO2015078188 A1 WO 2015078188A1 CN 2014082095 W CN2014082095 W CN 2014082095W WO 2015078188 A1 WO2015078188 A1 WO 2015078188A1
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Prior art keywords
antenna
mobile terminal
antenna structure
wavelength
circuit board
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PCT/CN2014/082095
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
麻杨锋
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015078188A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015078188A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/40—Radiating elements coated with or embedded in protective material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile terminal antennas, and in particular to an antenna structure and a mobile terminal. Background technique
  • the clearance area and height may also be referred to as a clearance area; the integrated circuit of the chip in the circuit increases with the process.
  • embodiments of the present invention are expected to provide an antenna structure and a mobile terminal.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna structure including an antenna and a structure attached to an antenna located under the antenna, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the antenna are coated with a sprayed dielectric layer.
  • a printed circuit board is disposed under the structure, and a dielectric filler is filled between the structure and the printed circuit board.
  • the thickness of the sprayed dielectric layer is not less than 120 um.
  • the antenna structure is printed on a printed circuit board.
  • the antenna structure is disposed on an antenna bracket or a rear terminal of the mobile terminal.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a mobile terminal, where the mobile terminal includes the antenna structure described in the foregoing solution.
  • the antenna structure and the mobile terminal provided by the embodiments of the present invention apply a coating medium layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the antenna, so that the dielectric constant of the medium becomes larger, so that the wavelength of the antenna becomes shorter, and the length of the antenna is required accordingly. Shortening; filling the dielectric filler between the structure attached to the antenna and the printed circuit board, the higher the dielectric constant of the dielectric filler, the shorter the antenna wavelength, and the corresponding reduction of the antenna height; thus, the antenna can be realized.
  • the miniaturization further satisfies the need to make the mobile terminal as thin as possible.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a structure 1 of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a structure 2 of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 (including Fig. 3(a) and Fig. 3(b)) is a comparison diagram of the effect of the clearance area before and after the antenna structure is miniaturized in the antenna structure of the embodiment of the invention. detailed description
  • the wavelength of a plane electromagnetic wave in an isotropic medium is:
  • s is the dielectric constant of the isotropic medium
  • ⁇ is the angular frequency
  • ⁇ is a constant. It can be seen from the formula (1) that the wavelength is inversely proportional to the dielectric constant of the medium, namely: dielectric The larger the constant, the shorter the wavelength.
  • the antenna When the antenna length is 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 5/8 wavelength, the antenna can resonate with the wave of the wavelength; especially when the antenna length is 1/4 wavelength
  • the antenna has the highest transmission and reception conversion efficiency. It can be seen that the length of the antenna is proportional to the wavelength.
  • the length of the antenna can be effectively shortened. Degree, to achieve antenna miniaturization.
  • an antenna structure is proposed.
  • the dielectric constant of the medium is increased, the wavelength is shortened, and the length of the antenna is Reduced.
  • an antenna structure model 1 of the embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure model 1.
  • an antenna structure model 1 of the embodiment of the present invention includes: an antenna 10, a structure 11 attached to an antenna below the antenna; and an antenna 10 The surface and the lower surface are respectively coated with a sprayed dielectric layer 12.
  • the upper surface and the lower surface of the antenna 10 are respectively coated with the sprayed dielectric layer 12, so that the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is sharply decreased after entering the medium, so that the antenna length can be reduced.
  • the selection of the spray medium is as long as the dielectric constant is greater than the dielectric constant of the materials conventionally used in the prior art.
  • the structure 11 to which the antenna is attached may be an antenna bracket or a rear terminal of the mobile terminal, so that the entire antenna structure is disposed on the antenna bracket or the rear casing of the mobile terminal.
  • the thickness of the sprayed dielectric layer 12 is not less than 120 ⁇ m (micrometers). Among them, 120um is a recommended minimum spray thickness that can be achieved according to the current process. In practice, the thickness will vary depending on the spray medium.
  • the wavelength conversion condition can be satisfied: when the antenna length is 1/4 wavelength, the antenna is emitted and Receive conversion efficiency is the highest.
  • the wavelength of the mobile terminal antenna is estimated according to the propagation in air, ⁇ Clf , where C is the wave speed, equal to the speed of light, is a fixed value, / is the frequency; the higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength; that is, the antenna
  • ⁇ Clf the propagation in air
  • C the wave speed, equal to the speed of light
  • / the frequency
  • the lowest frequency of the radiated frequency band determines the height of the antenna from the clearance area.
  • the height of the antenna from the clearance area must satisfy the efficiency of low-frequency radiation. If the altitude is too low, the low frequency cannot be radiated from the antenna, which may result in poor antenna performance; thus, the wavelength More Short, the higher the frequency, the smaller the height of the antenna from the clearance area.
  • a high dielectric constant dielectric filler can be filled in the antenna clearance area to simulate an electromagnetic field radiation environment different from free space, in which the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is small and can reach one tenth of the free space. Or one percent.
  • a dielectric filler is further filled between the structure to which the antenna is attached and the printed circuit board, so that the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is shortened, thereby reducing the height of the antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of the antenna structure model 2.
  • the antenna structure model 2 of the embodiment of the present invention includes: an antenna 10, a structure 11 attached to the antenna below the antenna; and an antenna 10 The surface and the lower surface are coated with a spray medium 12; the antenna structure further includes a printed circuit board (PCB) 21; a dielectric filler 22 is filled between the structure 11 and the PCB 21.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the dielectric constant of the dielectric filler 22 filled between the structure 11 and the PCB 21 is the same when the electromagnetic wave and the radiation side angle of each side wall of the antenna clearance area are constant. High, the shorter the wavelength, the smaller the antenna height, that is, the lower the antenna clearance height.
  • the antenna structure model 2 of the present invention further reduces the height of the antenna based on the antenna structure model, which greatly reduces the antenna length, thereby realizing miniaturization of the antenna from a three-dimensional perspective, as shown in FIG.
  • the antenna structure is compared with the effect of the clearance area before and after the miniaturization of the antenna; wherein, FIG. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the conventional antenna clearance area 30, and FIG. 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the antenna clearance area 31 after the antenna is miniaturized.
  • the antenna structure of the embodiment of the present invention realizes that the miniaturization of the antenna varies with the dielectric constant of the medium.
  • the dielectric constant is not very high, the structure to which the antenna is attached must be kept at a certain height from the PCB to form an antenna clearance area.
  • the antenna is filled with a dielectric filler between the structure and the PCB to further miniaturize the antenna.
  • the electrical constant is sufficiently high (idealized) that the distance between the structure and the PCB sufficient to cause the antenna to be attached is shortened to zero, and the dielectric filling can be omitted, that is, the structure is directly printed on the PCB, that is, only on the antenna
  • the surface and the lower surface are coated with a spray dielectric layer to meet the antenna requirements of the mobile terminal. In this case, the spray dielectric layer The thickness can be much smaller than the current estimate of 120um.
  • the antenna structure can be placed in a mobile terminal. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a mobile terminal, where the mobile terminal includes the antenna structure, and the specific structure of the antenna structure is the same as that shown in FIG. 1 or 2.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种天线结构，包括天线和位于天线下方的天线附着的结构体，在天线的上表面和下表面涂覆有喷涂介质层；所述结构体下方设置有印制电路板；所述结构体和印制电路板之间填充有介质填充物。本发明还公开了一种移动终端，该移动终端包括所述天线结构。

Description

一种天线结构和移动终端 技术领域
本发明涉及移动终端天线领域， 尤其涉及一种天线结构和移动终端。 背景技术
目前， 随着第三代合作伙伴计戈' j ( 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP )长期演进（Long Term Evolution, LTE )技术的发展， 通信技术从几 百兆发展到几个 G的宽频覆盖。 另外， 随着消费者对移动终端外观超薄等 新颖造型的追求， 有必要在超薄移动终端中做出性能优异的天线， 即兼容 更多的频段， 也给用户带来极佳的用户体验。
现有技术中， 移动终端天线实现的几种形式对净空面积和高度都有不 同要求， 这里， 所述净空面积和高度也可称为净空区； 电路中的芯片随着 工艺的提高集成度越来越高且尺寸越来越小， 但是， 天线小型化进展緩慢 成为制约移动终端造型和多制式多频段兼容的瓶颈。 发明内容
为解决现有存在的技术问题， 本发明实施例期望提供一种天线结构和 移动终端。
本发明实施例提供了一种天线结构， 包括天线和位于天线下方的天线 附着的结构体， 所述天线的上表面和下表面涂覆有喷涂介质层。
上述方案中， 所述结构体下方设置有印制电路板， 所述结构体和印制 电路板之间填充有介质填充物。
上述方案中， 所述喷涂介质层的厚度不小于 120um。
上述方案中， 所述天线结构印制于印制电路板上。
上述方案中， 所述天线结构设置于天线支架或移动终端后壳上。 本发明实施例还提供了一种移动终端， 所述移动终端包括上述方案所 述的天线结构。
本发明实施例所提供的天线结构和移动终端， 通过在天线的上表面和 下表面涂覆喷涂介质层， 使得媒质的介电常数变大， 从而使天线的波长变 短， 相应需要天线的长度缩短； 在天线附着的结构体和印制电路板之间填 充介质填充物， 介质填充物的介电常数越高， 天线波长越短， 相应需要天 线的高度减小； 如此， 就能实现天线的小型化， 进而满足使移动终端整体 变得轻薄的需求。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例天线结构模型一的组成结构示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例天线结构模型二的组成结构示意图；
图 3 (包括图 3(a)和图 3(b) )为发明实施例天线结构实现天线小型化前 后的净空区效果对比图。 具体实施方式
根据电磁场理论， 在各向同性媒质中的平面电磁波的波长为：
Figure imgf000003_0001
公式（1 ) 中， s为各向同性媒质的介电常数， ω为角频率， μ为常数； 通过公式（1 ) 可以看出， 波长和媒质的介电常数成反比关系， 即： 介电常 数越大， 波长越短。
再者， 根据天线理论： 当天线长度取 1/4、 1/2、 3/4、 5/8波长时， 天线 可以与该波长的波产生谐振； 尤其是当天线长度取 1/4波长时， 天线的发射 和接收转换效率最高， 可以看出， 天线的长度和波长成正比。
因此， 当釆用较大的介电常数作为媒质时， 可以有效的缩短天线的长 度， 实现天线小型化。
基于上述原理， 在本发明实施例中， 提出一种天线结构， 通过在天线 的上表面和下表面涂覆喷涂介质层，以使媒质的介电常数变大，波长变短， 从而天线的长度减小。
本发明实施例提供了天线结构模型一的组成结构示意图，如图 1所示， 本发明实施例天线结构模型一包括： 天线 10、 位于天线下方的天线附着的 结构体 11 ; 在天线 10的上表面和下表面分别涂覆有喷涂介质层 12。
这里， 所述在天线 10的上表面和下表面分别涂覆有喷涂介质层 12，会 使电磁波入射进这层介质后波长急剧变小， 这样， 就能达到天线长度减小 的目的。
这里， 对喷涂介质的选取， 只要其介电常数大于现有技术所惯用材料 的介电常数即可。
这里， 天线附着的结构体 11可以是天线支架或是移动终端后壳， 以使 整个天线结构设置于天线支架或移动终端后壳上。
这里， 喷涂介质层 12的厚度不小于 120um (微米）。 其中， 120um为 一个按照现在工艺能实现的一个建议性的最低喷涂厚度， 实际中其厚度会 根据喷涂介质的不同而不同。 在这里， 当喷涂介质层 12的厚度达到或者接 近激光直接构型 （ Laser Direct Structuring, LDS )天线的喷涂厚度 120um， 即可满足波长转换条件： 天线长度取 1/4波长时， 天线的发射和接收转换效 率最高。
除了之前所述的天线波长和媒质的介电常数的关系外， 天线的净空高 度和频率也存在关联。 目前， 移动终端天线的波长按照在空气中的传播进 行估算， λ Clf , 其中， C 为波速， 等于光速， 是一个定值， /为频率； 频率越高， 波长越短； 也就是说， 天线辐射频段的最低频率决定天线距离 净空区的高度， 天线距离净空区的高度必须满足低频辐射的效率； 若高度 过低， 低频不能从天线辐射出， 会导致天线性能变得很差； 这样， 波长越 短， 频率越高， 天线距离净空区的高度越小。
因此， 可以在天线净空区填充高介电常数介质填充物， 以模拟出一个 不同于自由空间的电磁场辐射环境， 在这个环境里面电磁波的波长是很小 的， 可以达到自由空间的十分之一或是百分之一不等。
基于上述原理， 进一步在天线附着的结构体和印制电路板之间填充介 质填充物， 使得电磁波波长变短， 从而减小了天线的高度。
本发明实施例提供了天线结构模型二的组成结构示意图，如图 2所示， 本发明实施例天线结构模型二包括： 天线 10， 位于天线下方的天线附着的 结构体 11 ; 在天线 10的上表面和下表面涂有喷涂介质 12; 该天线结构还 包括印制电路板 ( PCB ) 21 ; 在结构体 11和 PCB 21之间填充有介质填充 物 22。
这里， 电磁波穿过天线进入天线净空区后， 当电磁波与天线净空区各 侧壁的辐射夹角不变的情况下， 在结构体 11和 PCB 21之间填充介质填充 物 22的介电常数越高， 波长越短， 天线高度越小， 即天线净空高度越低。
这样， 本发明天线结构模型二在所述天线结构模型一大幅减小天线长 度的基础上进一步减小了天线的高度， 这样从三维立体的角度实现了天线 小型化， 如图 3 所示， 为本发明实施例天线结构实现天线小型化前后的净 空区效果对比图； 其中， 图 3 ( a )为传统天线净空区 30示意图， 图 3 ( b ) 为天线小型化后的天线净空区 31示意图。
综上所述， 本发明实施例天线结构实现天线小型化会随着媒质介电常 数不同有所差异。 当介电常数不是很高， 天线附着的结构体必然要和 PCB 保持一定的高度， 形成天线净空区， 釆用在结构体与 PCB之间填充介质填 充物的方式进一步实现天线小型化； 当介电常数足够高 （理想化情况）， 达 到足以使天线附着的结构体和 PCB距离缩短为零， 则可以省略介质填充， 即所述结构体直接印制在 PCB上， 即只需在天线的上表面和下表面涂有喷 涂介质层， 便可满足移动终端对天线的要求。 这种情况下， 其喷涂介质层 的厚度可远远小于目前估算的 120um。
另外， 所述天线结构可以置于移动终端中。 因此， 本发明实施例还提 供了一种移动终端， 所述移动终端包括所述天线结构， 所述天线结构的具 体组成结构与图 1或图 2所示结构相同。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种天线结构， 包括天线和位于天线下方的天线附着的结构体， 所述天线的上表面和下表面涂覆有喷涂介质层。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的天线结构， 其中， 所述结构体下方设置有 印制电路板， 所述结构体和印制电路板之间填充有介质填充物。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的天线结构， 其中， 所述喷涂介质层的厚度 不小于 120um。
4、 根据权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的天线结构， 其中， 所述天线结 构印制于印制电路板上。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的天线结构， 其中， 所述天线结 构设置于天线支架或移动终端后壳上。
6、 一种移动终端， 所述移动终端包括权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的 天线结构。
PCT/CN2014/082095 2013-11-28 2014-07-11 一种天线结构和移动终端 WO2015078188A1 (zh)

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CN102035065A (zh) * 2009-09-29 2011-04-27 Tdk株式会社 天线和通信装置
CN102316687A (zh) * 2010-06-29 2012-01-11 Lg电子株式会社 移动终端壳体、具有其的移动终端和用于制造移动终端的方法
CN102164194A (zh) * 2011-04-11 2011-08-24 深圳市厚泽真空技术有限公司 手机、真空镀膜表面处理天线及其制作方法
CN203644939U (zh) * 2013-11-28 2014-06-11 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种天线结构和移动终端

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