WO2015077980A1 - 可更换式采样组件和设有可更换式采样组件的采样装置 - Google Patents

可更换式采样组件和设有可更换式采样组件的采样装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015077980A1
WO2015077980A1 PCT/CN2013/088154 CN2013088154W WO2015077980A1 WO 2015077980 A1 WO2015077980 A1 WO 2015077980A1 CN 2013088154 W CN2013088154 W CN 2013088154W WO 2015077980 A1 WO2015077980 A1 WO 2015077980A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plunger
sample
front opening
tubular
sampling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/088154
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈文彬
陈子智
Original Assignee
益生生技开发股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 益生生技开发股份有限公司 filed Critical 益生生技开发股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2013/088154 priority Critical patent/WO2015077980A1/zh
Publication of WO2015077980A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015077980A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/0045—Devices for taking samples of body liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
    • B01L2300/0609—Holders integrated in container to position an object
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
    • B01L2300/0672—Integrated piercing tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0832—Geometry, shape and general structure cylindrical, tube shaped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sampling device, and more particularly to a replaceable sampling assembly and a sampling device provided with the replaceable sampling assembly.
  • Biochemically-tested samples can be selected from human or animal blood, urine, saliva or serum, body fluids, processes or samples in the environment, or even biological tissues, body fluids at criminal sites. Blood stains, etc.
  • the analytes are contained in the aforementioned samples of chemicals, proteins, peptides, ligands, nucleic acids or pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
  • U.S. Patent No. 7,093,508 discloses a sampling device for collecting a sample comprising a sampling portion having a slit for cutting, taking out and accommodating the sample.
  • a sampling device is basically an irreplaceable, disposable device, which has the disadvantages of: the entire sampling device needs to be discarded after use, and the cost is considerable.
  • the user can also use the sampling device after use and re-use after moist heat sterilization, the number of times of sampling device can be increased, but this not only increases the risk of cross-contamination, but also affects the correctness of subsequent detection of the sample.
  • the present invention provides a sampling device, which mainly includes two parts of a device body and a sampling component, and the sampling component is replaceable. After use, only the sampling component needs to be discarded and a new sampling component can be replaced.
  • the device body can still be reused and avoids the problem that the conventional sampling device may be contaminated, overcoming the existing defects of the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a sampling device comprising: a longitudinally extending hollow tubular body having an upper end and a lower end opposite the upper end; a longitudinally movable push rod disposed in the tubular body The push rod has a front end adjacent to a lower end of the tubular body and a rear end opposite to the front end; and a replaceable sampling assembly removably coupled to the lower end, the sampling assembly comprising: a tubular head A remote end, a proximal end and an internal passage connecting the remote end and the proximal end, the tubular head having a sharp front opening at the remote end for cutting a sample of a selected size from a sample source; a plunger, located substantially within the internal passage, and having a remote proximity to the tubular head a first end portion, and a second end portion opposite to the first end portion, wherein when the push rod applies an external force to the second end portion, the plunger is longitudinally movable from a rest position to an extended position, In the rest position, the first end
  • the sampling device further includes a second reset member associated with the push rod and the tube body for resisting the longitudinal direction of the push rod toward the lower end of the tube body. Movement, so that the putter can return to the inside of the pipe when it is not subjected to external force.
  • the second return member is a spring held between the positioning member of the push rod and the positioning portion of the tubular body.
  • the upper end of the tubular body is further provided with a top cover for receiving the rear end of the push rod so that the user can push the push rod by pressing the top cover.
  • the present invention also provides an interchangeable sampling assembly comprising: a tubular head including a distal end, a proximal end, and an internal passage connecting the distal end and the proximal end, the tubular head being at the remote Having a sharp front opening for cutting a sample of a selected size from a sample source; a plunger positioned substantially within the internal passage and having a remote first end adjacent the tubular head, and a second end portion of the first end portion, wherein when an external force is applied to the second end portion, the plunger is longitudinally movable from a rest position to an extended position, the first end portion being at the rest position Located within the internal passageway to define a sample receiving space between the first end and the distal end of the tubular head, wherein the sample receiving space faces the first end portion along the first end The front opening moves to substantially disappear; and a tubular tail portion integrally formed with the tubular head and extending from the proximal end of the tubular head, wherein the tubular tail has a rear opening at
  • the replaceable sampling assembly further includes a first return member located within the tubular head for opposing an external force applied to the second end of the plunger.
  • the first reset member is adapted to oppose the movement of the plunger toward the front opening.
  • the first reset member is located within the tubular head and is associated with the plunger.
  • the first return member can be embodied in a variety of styles as long as it is capable of returning the plunger to the rest position without external force.
  • the first return member is a resilient member that biases the plunger in the rest position.
  • the elastic assembly has two portions that are respectively secured to the plunger and the tubular head to generate a reaction force when the plunger moves relative to the tubular head due to an external force.
  • the first returning member is a spring, more preferably a spring wound around the plunger and held between the two stoppers, so that the plunger is opposed to the external force The tubular head produces a reaction force when it moves.
  • the sampling device when the first reset member is provided in the replaceable sampling assembly, the sampling device may not provide the second reset member.
  • the term "removably engaged” means that the joint relationship between two components can be easily established by manual or mechanical means, and can be easily performed manually or mechanically. The way is lifted.
  • the releasable engagement of the tubular tail with the outer component can be any conventional means of easily disassembling and assembling the two components, including but not limited to nesting, snapping, screwing, and combinations thereof.
  • the tubular tail portion and the outer member have mutually corresponding diameters in cross section such that the tubular tail portion and the outer member can be nested with each other.
  • the tubular tail portion has a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the outer member such that the inner surface of the tubular tail portion can be engaged with the outer surface of the outer member and stably connected by friction with each other. To disassemble the two sets of parts, simply apply a force in the opposite direction to them to overcome the friction.
  • the outer component is the lower end of the tubular body.
  • the tubular head, the plunger and the tubular tail are made of a sterilizable material such as glass, sterilizable plastic, carbon fiber, fused silica or a metal such as stainless steel. It is made of a non-sterile material such as thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS).
  • TPE thermoplastic elastomer
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
  • the tubular head, the plunger and the tubular tail are made of plastic to save manufacturing costs.
  • the tubular head and the tubular tail are integrally formed by a conventional injection molding process, and the plunger is additionally injection molded. After simple assembly, the replaceable sampling assembly of this case can be made.
  • the tubular head and the tubular tail are fabricated from a stainless steel material through a stamping process.
  • the tubular body may be integrally formed or a combination of two separately formed portions.
  • the tube body and the pusher are made of a sterilizable material such as glass, sterilizable plastic, carbon fiber, fused silica or a metal such as stainless steel, or a copolymer such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene ( ABS) is made of non-sterile materials.
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • the tube body and the pusher are made of plastic to save manufacturing costs.
  • sample accommodation space means a space between the first end portion of the plunger and the front opening.
  • the first end of the plunger is at a significant distance from the front opening such that the sample receiving space can accommodate the sample cut from the sample source by the front opening.
  • the second end of the plunger is subjected to an external force, such as being pushed by the push rod, the plunger moves along the longitudinal direction toward the front opening such that the distance between the first end of the plunger and the front opening is significantly reduced.
  • the first end of the plunger will be very close to the front opening, and even partially protrude beyond the front opening, causing the sample accommodation space to substantially disappear, thereby forcing the sample to move out of the sample receiving space.
  • the diameter of the front opening of the sampling assembly is smaller than the diameter of the sample receiving space, thereby forming a first shoulder in the tubular head.
  • the first shoulder has two main functions. First, when the sample is cut into the sample receiving space by cutting the sample from the sample source through the front opening, the first shoulder will constitute a physical hindrance, so that the sample is not easily dropped from the sample receiving space, which is helpful. Leave the sample in the sample housing space.
  • the first end of the plunger may be configured to form a front section having a smaller diameter and corresponding to the diameter of the front opening, and a rear section having a larger diameter and corresponding to the diameter of the sample receiving space, whereby the front section is A second shoulder is formed between the rear section and the rear section.
  • the sampling device and the replaceable sampling assembly of the present invention are suitable for collecting samples, preferably for collecting instruments
  • Non-fluid samples having a fixed shape including but not limited to samples in the form of solids, colloids, etc., such as plant tissue, animal tissue or human tissue.
  • additional processing such as freezing or drying may be performed in advance to make the sample assume a fixed shape or to make the texture more brittle, so as to use the sampling device and replaceable in the present case.
  • the sampling component is sampled.
  • the front opening is provided with serrations to facilitate cutting the source of the sample. In use, the user can cut the sample by pressing the source of the sample with the front opening, preferably by simultaneously rotating the sampling device.
  • samples can be quantitatively collected for subsequent quantitative experiments by selecting a sampling assembly having an appropriately sized front opening.
  • a sampling assembly having the same size of the front opening, and to cut quantitative samples from several sample sources, and then perform subsequent experiments to compare the test results of the respective samples.
  • researchers can use a sampling module with the same size of the front opening to cut quantitative samples from several plant leaf samples, and then obtain the nucleic acid or protein material of each sample by conventional biotechnology methods, and use conventional nucleic acids.
  • protein quantification methods to analyze or compare specific nucleic acid or protein content in each sample.
  • the diameter of the front opening can vary widely depending on the sampling needs, preferably between 0.1 mm and 20 mm, for example between 0.2 mm and 10 mm, and between 0.5 mm and 5 mm.
  • the outside of the tube body may further comprise a clamping member for being clamped to the user's clothes or articles for carrying.
  • the sampling component can be used in conjunction with a detection kit to acquire a desired sample.
  • a plurality of replaceable sampling assemblies can be mounted on the plastic rack in such a manner that the rear opening faces in the same direction for storage.
  • the user can hold the tube of the sampling device by hand, and simply insert the lower end of the tube into the rear opening of one of the sampling components arranged neatly on the shelf, so that the lower end of the tube body and the tubular tail of the sampling assembly Fit each other. After that, the sampling operation can be performed again.
  • a plurality of sampling devices of the present invention may also be arranged in parallel in an array pattern, and the front openings of all sampling devices in the array are simultaneously in contact with the sample source and a plurality of samples are cut.
  • This array arrangement facilitates the processing of large sample sources.
  • the invention can also be automated sampling with automated operating equipment, even in series with subsequent inspection procedures to form an automated continuous program, thereby saving manpower and time. When using this array to take samples from different parts of the same sample source, it is better to know that a particular substance is in the Distribution in the source of the sample.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a sampling device according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a sampling device according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the plunger of the replaceable sampling assembly in a rest position.
  • FIG. 3 is another partially enlarged schematic view of the sampling device of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the plunger of the replaceable sampling assembly in an extended position.
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a sampling device according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a sampling device according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6A is a partial enlarged view of a replaceable sampling assembly of a sampling device according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the plunger in a rest position.
  • FIG. 6B is a partial enlarged view of the replaceable sampling assembly of the sampling device according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the plunger in an extended position.
  • the sampling device of the present invention has a hollow tubular body 20 extending longitudinally therewith having an upper end 21 and a lower end 22 opposite the upper end 21.
  • the hollow tubular body 20 is integrally molded from plastic and has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a plurality of ribs or longitudinal slits (not shown) may be optionally provided on the surface for the user to hold.
  • a push rod 30 is disposed in the hollow tubular body 20 such that the push rod 30 can move in the longitudinal direction in the hollow tubular body 20.
  • the push rod 30 is provided with a positioning member 32 for restraining the second returning member 33 at a predetermined position together with the positioning portion 23 provided on the tubular body 20.
  • the configuration and position of the positioning member 32 and the positioning portion 23 can be varied as long as the second return member 33 can be positioned and the second reset member 33 can be associated with the push rod 30 and the tubular body 20.
  • the positioning member 32 is exemplified as a convex portion radially bulging on the push rod 30, and the positioning portion 23 is exemplified as an annular flange extending radially inwardly from the lower end 22 of the tubular body 20, and the second portion
  • the reset member 33 is illustrated as being located at the positioning member A spring 33 between the 32 and the positioning portion 23.
  • the positioning portion 23 is illustrated as an annular flange (not shown) adjacent the upper end 21 of the tubular body 20.
  • the upper end 21 of the tubular body 20 is additionally provided with a top cover 50 to facilitate the user's force to push the push rod 30.
  • the push rod 30 has a front end 31 adjacent the lower end 22 of the tubular body 20 and a rear end 35 opposite the front end 31.
  • the rear end 35 of the push rod 30 is unstressed, the front end 31 and the rear end 35 of the push rod 30 are both located in the tubular body 20, and the spring 33 is in a relaxed state.
  • the spring 33 will assume a compressed state as the distance between the positioning member 32 and the positioning portion 23 is shortened.
  • the front end 31 of the push rod 30 will approach the lower end 22 of the tubular body 20, even protruding beyond the tubular body 20.
  • the spring 33 will force the push rod 30 back to its original position.
  • the sampling device 10 of the present invention has a sampling assembly 40.
  • the sampling assembly 40 has a tubular head 41 that extends forwardly along the longitudinal direction.
  • the tubular head 41 includes a front opening 411, a proximal end 412 opposite the front opening 411, and an internal passage 413 connecting the front opening 411 and the proximal end 412.
  • the front opening 411 has a sharp edge to facilitate the user to cut the sample 70 by pressing the sample source with the front opening 411, preferably by simultaneously rotating the sampling device 10.
  • the plunger 43 is located substantially within the internal passage 413 and is reciprocally movable longitudinally within the internal passage 413.
  • the plunger 43 has a first end 431 near the front opening 411 and a second end 432 opposite the first end 431.
  • the second end portion 432 is adapted to contact the front end 31 of the push rod 30 to withstand the force applied by the front end 31.
  • the configuration of the front end 31 and the second end portion 432 of the push rod 30 can be varied widely as long as the second end portion 432 can stably receive the force applied by the front end 31.
  • the front end 31 of the push rod 30 is configured to have a recess for temporarily engaging the second end portion 432.
  • the front end 31 is configured to have a disk-like configuration for positioning the spring 33 on the push rod 30 in conjunction with the positioning member 32.
  • the first return member 45 is a resilient biasing member associated with the tubular head 41 and the plunger 43, respectively, preferably connected to the tubular head 41 and the plunger 43, more preferably tubular
  • the head 41, the plunger 43 and the first return member 45 are integrally injection molded.
  • the first reset member 45 is arranged to bias the plunger 43 at the rest position RP as shown in FIG.
  • the first end portion 431 of the plunger 43 is located in the internal passage 413, so that a sample accommodating space 44 is defined between the first end portion 431 and the front opening 411 for accommodating the collected sample. 70.
  • the plunger 43 When the plunger 43 is pushed by the push rod 30 to move toward the front opening 411, the sample accommodation space 44 is compressed. As shown in FIG.
  • the first end 431 of the plunger 43 will be very close to the front opening 411, for example, the first end 431 is flush with the front opening 411 or even partially
  • the sample housing space 44 is substantially eliminated from the front opening 411, and the sample 70 can no longer be accommodated, thereby forcing the sample 70 to move out of the sample receiving space 44.
  • the first returning member 45 returns the rest position EP shown in FIG. 3 to the rest position RP shown in FIG. 2 when the plunger 43 is no longer subjected to the force.
  • the tubular tail portion 42 is integrally formed with the tubular head portion 41 and extends from the proximal end 412 of the tubular head portion 41 longitudinally rearwardly to form a sleeve structure.
  • the sleeve structure has a rear opening 421 at its free end 420 so that the user can easily fit the sleeve structure to the lower end 22 of the tubular body 20 by hand and can easily freely pull the tubular tail 42 from the lower end 22 by hand. Removed.
  • the inner wall of the sleeve structure may be formed with a flange (not shown) for engaging with a groove (not shown) formed on the outer wall of the lower end 22 of the tubular body 20 to The engagement of the tubular tail 42 with the lower end 22 of the tubular body 20 is made more stable.
  • the front end 31 of the push rod 30 contacts the second end portion 432 of the plunger 43 through the rear opening 421 to receive the urging force from the push rod 30.
  • the user can also apply more force to the pusher when the plunger 43 is in the extended position EP shown in FIG. 30 travels further forward, thereby disengaging the sampling assembly 40 from the lower end 22 of the tubular body 20 for reinstalling another sampling assembly 40.
  • the outside of the sampling device 10 of the present invention may further include a clamping member 60 for the user to carry.
  • the tubular body 20 is a combination of two halves of a plastic material which are separately injection molded, so that components such as the spring 33 and the plunger 43 are assembled in the tubular body 20.
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a third preferred embodiment of the sampling device 10' of the present invention.
  • the tubular body 20' of the sampling device 10' and the push rod 30' are substantially identical to the first preferred embodiment described above.
  • the lower end 22' of the tubular body 20' removably engages a sampling assembly 40'.
  • the tubular head 41' of the sampling assembly 40' extends forwardly along the longitudinal direction, while the tubular tail 42' is integrally formed with the tubular head 41' and extends longitudinally rearwardly from the tubular head 41' to form a sleeve structure Removably joined to the lower end 22' of the tubular body 20'.
  • the tubular head 41' includes a front opening 411' and a relative to The proximal end 412' of the front opening 411'.
  • the front opening 411' has a sharp edge.
  • the entire circumference of the front opening 411' is sharpened or even provided with serrations to form an effective slit, so that the user can press the sample source with the front opening 411', preferably simultaneously.
  • the sampling device 10' was rotated and the sample was cut.
  • the plunger 43' can reciprocate longitudinally within the internal passage 413'.
  • the second end portion 432' of the plunger 43' is configured to have a disk portion for receiving the force applied by the front end 31' of the push rod 30'.
  • the tubular head 41' is formed with two stops 414', 415' spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction, preferably the stop members 414', 415' are respectively extended from the inner wall of the tubular head 41' toward the inner passage 413'.
  • An annular flange, preferably a stop 414' is located at the proximal end 412' of the tubular head 41', and the stop 415' is spaced from the stop 414' by a distance from the length of the first return member (spring) 45' .
  • Stops 414', 415' are used to retain the spring 45' within the internal passage 413'.
  • the configuration and position of the stops 414', 415' can vary widely as long as the spring 45' can be retained within the internal passage 413' for positioning and The spring 45' can be associated with the tubular head 41' and the plunger 43'.
  • the diameter of the disk portion at the second end portion 432' is substantially larger than the diameter of the first end portion 431', and the diameter of the inner passage 413' between the stoppers 414', 415' corresponds to and slightly
  • the diameter of the disk portion greater than the second end 432' is such that the second end 432' is also retained between the stops 414', 415'.
  • the spring 45' is wound around the plunger 43', and the spring 45' is disposed to bias the plunger 43' at the rest position RP.
  • the first end portion 431' of the plunger 43' is located in the internal passage 413', thereby defining a sample accommodating space 44' between the first end portion 431' and the front opening 411' for receiving The sample cut by the front opening 411 ' is placed.
  • the spring 45' may be completely relaxed or assume a slightly compressed state.
  • the plunger 43' when the plunger 43' is at the rest position RP, one end of the spring 45' abuts against the stopper 415' and the other end abuts against the second end 432' of the plunger 43'.
  • the gap between the plunger 43' and the inner wall of the tubular head 41' is small, as long as it does not prevent the plunger 43' from moving longitudinally within the inner passage 413', which can cause the sample or its fragments. It does not accidentally enter the tubular tail 42' or the tubular body 20'.
  • the first end portion 431' is flush with the front opening 411' or even partially protrudes beyond the front opening 411', so that the sample receiving space 44' is substantially It disappears and the sample can no longer be accommodated, thereby forcing the sample to move out of the sample receiving space 44'.
  • the spring 45' is in a compressed state, so that when the plunger 43' is no longer stressed, it can be returned from the extended position EP to the rest position RP shown in FIG. 6A.
  • the diameter of the front opening 411' is smaller than the diameter of the sample accommodating space 44', thus forming the first shoulder portion 41 6'.
  • the first end portion 431' of the plunger 43' is configured to have a front section having a smaller diameter and corresponding to the diameter of the front opening 411', and a rear section having a larger diameter and corresponding to the diameter of the sample accommodation space 44'.
  • a second shoulder 436' is formed between the front and rear sections.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

一种可更换式采样组件（40），其包含：一具有尖锐前方开口（411）的管状头部（41）、一可以在管状头部（41）内沿着纵向往复运动的柱塞（43），第一复位构件（45，45'）以及一管状尾部（42）。该前方开口（411）用以由样品来源切下一样品（70）。该管状尾部（42）适于可卸除式地结合至一管状本体，而构成一采样装置（10）。由于采样组件（40）可以方便地由管状本体装卸，所以有利于在使用同一个管状本体下更换不同的采样组件（40）进行采样，以避免交叉污染。

Description

可更换式采样组件和设有可更换式采样组件的采样装置
技术领域
[0001 ] 本发明关于一种采样装置，特别是一种可更换式采样组件以及一种设有所述可 更换式采样组件的采样装置。
背景技术
[0002] 许多临床生化检测应用均着眼于特定生化物质或病原体的侦测，藉由侦测的结 果可以反映出生理状况、 患病程度或医药处理的疗效。 此外， 生物或化学物质的侦测也 可用于药物检测、 工业制程监测、 环境监测、 植物或动物的检测等应用。 生化检测的样 品 （如检体） 选择视需求而定， 可以来自人或动物的血液、 尿液、 唾液或血清等体液、 制程或环境中的样品， 甚至是刑事犯罪现场的生物组织、 体液、 血渍等。 而待测物则包 含于前述样品内的化学物质、 蛋白质、 胜肽、 配体、 核酸或是病毒、 细菌等病原体。
[0003] 美国专利第 7093508 号揭露一种用于采集样品的采样装置， 其包含一具有切 口的采样部， 以将样品切割、 取出和容置。 这种采样装置基本上为不可替换、 一次性使 用的器材， 其缺点在于： 使用后需将整个采样装置丢弃， 花费的成本相当可观。 虽然使 用者亦可将使用后的采样装置清洗且湿热灭菌后重复使用， 如此虽可增加采样装置的使 用次数， 但这不仅麻烦也提高了交叉污染的风险， 影响样品后续检测的正确性。
发明内容
[0004] 有鉴于此，本发明提出一种采样装置，主要包含有装置本体与采样组件两部份， 而采样组件为可更换式， 使用后仅需丢弃采样组件并可更换一新的采样组件， 装置本体 仍可重复使用且避免了习知采样装置可能污染的问题， 克服现有技术既有的缺失。
[0005] 本发明提供一种采样装置， 其包含： 一纵向延伸的中空管体， 其具有一上端和 一相对于该上端的下端； 一可纵向运动的推杆， 设置于该管体中， 该推杆具有一靠近该 管体下端的前端和一相对于该前端的后端； 以及一可更换式采样组件， 可卸除地接合于 该下端， 该采样组件包含： 一管状头部， 包含一远程、 一近端和一连接该远程和该近端 的内部通道， 该管状头部在该远程具有一尖锐的前方开口， 用以由样品来源切下一具有 选定尺寸的样品； 一柱塞， 大致上位于该内部通道内， 且具有靠近该管状头部的远程的 第一端部，以及相对于该第一端部的第二端部，其中当该推杆施加外力于该第二端部时， 该柱塞可由一休止位置纵向移动至一延伸位置， 在该休止位置处， 该第一端部位于该内 部通道内， 从而在该第一端部和该管状头部的远程之间界定出一样品容置空间， 在该延 伸位置处， 该样品容置空间随着该第一端部朝向该前方开口移动而实质上消失； 以及一 管状尾部， 与该管状头部一体成形且由该管状头部的近端延伸而出， 其中该管状尾部在 其自由端具有一后方开口， 供可卸除式地结合至该管体的下端， 且该推杆可经由该后方 开口而施加外力于该柱塞的第二端部。
[0006] 在本发明的一较佳实施方式中， 所述采样装置另包含有一第二复位构件， 其与 该推杆和该管体相关联， 用以对抗该推杆朝向管体下端进行纵向运动， 使得推杆在未受 外力时可以返回管体内部。 在本发明的一更佳实施方式中， 所述第二复位构件是一个被 保持在推杆的定位件和管体的定位部之间的弹簧。 在一实施例中， 管体的上端另设有一 顶盖， 以容置推杆的后端， 使得使用者可藉由按压顶盖而推进推杆。
[0007] 本发明也提出一种可更换式采样组件， 其包含： 一管状头部， 包含一远程、 一 近端和一连接该远程和该近端的内部通道， 该管状头部在该远程具有一尖锐的前方开 口， 用以由样品来源切下一具有选定尺寸的样品； 一柱塞， 大致上位于该内部通道内， 且具有靠近该管状头部的远程的第一端部， 以及相对于该第一端部的第二端部， 其中当 外力施加于该第二端部时， 该柱塞可由一休止位置纵向移动至一延伸位置， 在该休止位 置处， 该第一端部位于该内部通道内， 从而在该第一端部和该管状头部的远程之间界定 出一样品容置空间， 在该延伸位置处， 该样品容置空间随着该第一端部朝向该前方开口 移动而实质上消失； 以及一管状尾部， 与该管状头部一体成形且由该管状头部的近端延 伸而出，其中该管状尾部在其自由端具有一后方开口，供可卸除式地结合至一外部组件， 且该外力可经由该后方开口而施加于该柱塞的第二端部。
[0008] 在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述可更换式采样组件另包含一位于管状头部 内的第一复位构件， 供用于对抗施加于柱塞的第二端部的外力。 换句话说， 第一复位构 件适用于对抗该柱塞朝向前方开口的运动。当实质上没有外力施加于柱塞的第二端部的 时候， 柱塞被保持于休止位置。 此时， 整个柱塞， 包括其第一、 第二端部， 皆位于所述 内部通道中。该柱塞可以因为外力施加于其第二端部而由休止位置沿着所述内部通道朝 向前方开口运动。 当所施外力大至某一程度， 该柱塞可以前进至使其第一端部伸出该前 方开口外。 此时， 该柱塞即位于延伸位置。 当该外力减弱时， 该柱塞又会因为第一复位 构件的偏压力而朝向管状头部的近端运动， 而于该外力完全消失时返回休止位置。
[0009] 所述第一复位构件位在管状头部内且与柱塞相关联。如本领域技术人员所知悉 的， 所述第一复位构件可以多种型式呈现， 只要其能够在无外力作用下使柱塞回复到休 止位置即可。 在一较佳实施方式中， 第一复位构件是一个弹性组件， 将柱塞偏压在休止 位置处。 该弹性组件具有两个部分， 分别被固接至柱塞和管状头部， 以在柱塞因外力而 相对于管状头部进行运动时产生反作用力。 在另一较佳实施方式中， 第一复位构件为一 弹簧， 更佳为一卷绕于柱塞周围且被保持在两个止挡件之间的弹簧， 以在柱塞因外力而 相对于管状头部进行运动时产生反作用力。
[0010] 依据本发明的一些选择性实施方式， 当所述可更换式采样组件中设有第一复位 构件时， 所述采样装置可以不设置第二复位构件。
[001 1 ] 在本说明书中， "可卸除式地接合"这个用语是指两个组件间的接合关系可以 容易地藉由手动方式或机械方式建立， 且可以容易地藉由手动方式或机械方式解除。 所 述管状尾部与外部组件的可卸除式接合方式可以是任何能够容易地将上述两组件加以 拆卸和组装的惯用方式， 其包括但不限于套合、 卡合、 螺接以及它们的组合。 较佳为所 述管状尾部与外部组件在横截面上具有相互对应的直径，使得管状尾部与外部组件可以 相互套合。 更佳为管状尾部所具有的直径略大于外部组件的直径， 使得管状尾部的内表 面可以与外部组件的外表面相互套合， 并且藉由彼此间的摩擦力而稳定连接。 欲将两组 件拆卸时， 只要简单地向它们分别施加相反方向的力以克服摩擦力即可。 在本发明的较 佳实施方式中， 该外部组件是管体的下端。
[0012] 在本发明所揭露的可更换式采样组件中， 管状头部、 柱塞和管状尾部是由如玻 璃、 可灭菌塑料、 碳纤维、 熔融石英或如不锈钢等金属等可灭菌的材料所制成， 或是由 如热塑型弹性体 （TPE)、 丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物 (ABS)等不可灭菌的材料制成。 较佳为管状头部、 柱塞和管状尾部皆由塑料制成， 以节省制造成本。 在本发明的一实施 方式中， 管状头部和管状尾部藉由习用的射出成型制程而一体成型， 而柱塞则另外射出 成型。经过简单组装以后， 即可制成本案可更换式采样组件。在本发明的另一具体例中， 管状头部和管状尾部是由不锈钢材料经过冲压制程进行制作。
[0013] 在本发明所述的采样装置中， 管体可为一体成形或是由两个分别成型的部份组 合而成。 管体和推捍是由如玻璃、 可灭菌塑料、 碳纤维、 熔融石英或如不锈钢等金属等 可灭菌的材料所制成， 或是由如丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物 (ABS)等不可灭菌的材料 制成。 优选为管体和推捍皆由塑料制成， 以节省制造成本。
[0014] 在本说明书中， "样品容置空间"这个用语是指位于柱塞的第一端部和前方开 口之间的空间。 当柱塞位于休止位置时， 柱塞的第一端部和前方开口相距明显的距离， 使得样品容置空间可以容纳藉由前方开口从样品来源所切下的样品。当柱塞的第二端部 受到外力， 例如受到推杆的推动， 柱塞会沿着纵向朝前方开口移动， 使得柱塞的第一端 部和前方开口之间距离明显地縮小。 当柱塞位于延伸位置时， 柱塞的第一端部会非常靠 近前方开口， 甚至于部分突伸于前方开口外， 使样品容置空间实质上消失， 从而迫使样 品移出样品容置空间。
[0015] 在本发明的较佳实施方式中，采样组件的前方开口的直径较样品容置空间的直 径为小， 藉此在管状头部内形成第一肩部。 第一肩部有两个主要功能。 第一， 当藉由前 方开口从样品来源所切下样品而使样品进入样品容置空间内时，第一肩部将会构成物理 性阻碍使得样品不易由样品容置空间掉落出去， 有助于将样品留置于样品容置空间中。 第二， 柱塞的第一端部可以被构形成直径较小且对应于前方开口的直径的前段， 以及直 径较大且对应于样品容置空间的直径的后段， 藉此在所述前段和后段之间形成第二肩 部。 当柱塞位于延伸位置时， 第一肩部和第二肩部会相互抵靠， 使样品容置空间实质消 失， 且使第一端部无法再沿着纵向相对于内部通道进一步前进。 此时， 若在柱塞的第二 端部上施加更大的外力， 例如施力进一步推动推杆， 则柱塞第一端部的第二肩部将会施 力于第一肩部。 当此力实质大于管状尾部与外部组件相互接合的力量时， 将会使得采样 组件与外部组件脱离。
[001 6] 本发明所述采样装置和可更换式采样组件适用于采集样品，优选为用于采集具 有固定形状的非流体样品， 包含但不限于固体、 胶体等形式的样品， 例如植物组织、 动 物组织或人体组织等。 当样品不具有固定形状或质地过于松软时， 也可以事先进行冷冻 或干燥等额外处理程序， 使样品呈现固定形状或使其质地变得更为脆硬， 以便运用本案 所述采样装置和可更换式采样组件进行采样。较佳为前方开口设有锯齿以利切割样品来 源。 于使用时， 使用者可以藉由以前方开口按压样品来源， 优选为同时徐徐旋转采样装 置， 而切下样品。
[0017] 依据本发明， 可以藉由选择具有适当尺寸的前方开口的采样组件而定量采集样 品， 以供进行后续的定量实验。特别是，可以运用具有相同尺寸的前方开口的采样组件， 分别由数个样品来源中切下定量样品， 再进行后续实验， 比较各样品的测试结果。 举例 来说， 研究人员可以运用具有相同尺寸的前方开口的采样组件， 分别由数个植物叶片样 品切下定量样品， 再以习用生物技术方法获取各样品的核酸或蛋白质材料， 并藉由习用 核酸或蛋白质定量方法来分析或比较各样品中的特定核酸或蛋白质含量。该前方开口的 直径可以依据采样需要而广泛地变化， 优选为介于 0.1 mm至 20 mm之间， 例如介于 0.2 mm至 10 mm之间， 又如介于 0.5 mm至 5 mm之间。
[0018] 本发明所述的采样装置中， 该管体的外部另可包含一夹持件， 供夹持于使用者 的衣服或物品， 以便于携带。
[0019] 本发明所述的采样装置中， 该采样组件可配合一检测套组使用， 以采集所需的 检体。 在一优选实施方式中， 可以将数个可更换式采样组件以后方开口朝向同一方向的 方式装设于塑料排架上， 以利收纳。 在使用时， 使用者更可以手握持采样装置的管体， 简单地将管体下端嵌入在排架上排列整齐的其中一个采样组件的后方开口中，使管体下 端和采样组件的管状尾部相互套合。 其后， 再即可进行采样作业。
[0020] 在某些应用中， 也可以将复数个本发明的采样装置平行排设成一数组型式， 且 使该数组中所有采样装置的前方开口同时与样品来源接触并切取数个样品。这种数组排 设方式有利于处理大量样品来源。 本发明也可以搭配自动化操作设备进行自动化采样， 甚至与后续的检验程序相串联而共同构成一个自动化连续程序， 藉此节省人力和时间。 当使用这种数组来采取同一样品来源的不同部位处的样品时， 更可以得知特定物质在该 样品来源中的分布情形。
附图说明
[0021 ] 图 1为本发明第一较佳实施方式的采样装置的纵剖面示意图。
[0022] 图 2为本发明第一较佳实施方式的采样装置的局部放大示意图，显示可更换式 采样组件的柱塞位于休止位置。
[0023] 图 3为本发明第一较佳实施方式的采样装置的另一局部放大示意图，显示可更 换式采样组件的柱塞位于延伸位置。
[0024] 图 4为本发明第二较佳实施方式的采样装置的纵剖面示意图。
[0025] 图 5为本发明第三较佳实施方式的采样装置的纵剖面示意图。
[0026] 图 6A为本发明第三较佳实施方式的采样装置的可更换式采样组件局部放大示 意图， 显示柱塞位于休止位置。
[0027] 图 6B为本发明第三较佳实施方式的采样装置的可更换式采样组件局部放大示 意图， 显示柱塞位于延伸位置。
具体实施方式
[0028] 本发明可能以不同的形式来实施， 并不仅限于下列文中所提及的实例。 下列实 施例仅作为本发明不同面向及特点中的代表。
[0029] 图 1 为本发明的采样装置 10的第一较佳实施方式的纵剖面示意图。 本发明的 采样装置具有一中空管体 20，其沿着一个纵向延伸，具有一上端 21和一相对于上端 21 的下端 22。 中空管体 20是由塑料一体射出成型， 且大致上呈圆柱状， 且表面上可以任 择地设有复数凸肋或纵向切槽（图未示）， 以便于使用者握持。 一推杆 30设置于该中空 管体 20中， 使得推杆 30可以在中空管体 20中沿着该纵向进行运动。 推杆 30上设有 一定位件 32，用于与管体 20上所设置的定位部 23共同将第二复位构件 33限制在预定 位置处。定位件 32和定位部 23的构形和位置可以有许多变化，只要可以将第二复位构 件 33予以定位， 并使得第二复位构件 33可以与推杆 30和管体 20相关联即可。 在本 具体例中， 定位件 32被例示为在推杆 30上径向隆起的凸部， 定位部 23被例示为一靠 近管体 20下端 22朝内径向延伸的环状凸缘， 而第二复位构件 33被例示为位于定位件 32和定位部 23之间的弹簧 33。在另一实施方式中，定位部 23被例示为一靠近管体 20 上端 21 的环状凸缘 （图未示）。 在一较佳实施方式中， 管体 20的上端 21 另设有一顶 盖 50， 以便利使用者施力推进推杆 30。
[0030] 推杆 30具有一靠近管体 20下端 22的前端 31， 以及一相对于该前端 31 的后 端 35。当推杆 30的后端 35未受力时，推杆 30的前端 31和后端 35皆位于管体 20内， 且弹簧 33呈现松弛状态。 当使用者沿着纵向朝推杆 30施力而迫使定位件 32朝向管体 20下端 22运动的时候， 弹簧 33将会随着定位件 32与定位部 23间的距离縮短而呈现 压縮状态。 于此时， 推杆 30的前端 31会向管体 20下端 22趋近， 甚至突伸出管体 20 以外。 当使用者不再向推杆 30的后端 35施力时， 弹簧 33将会迫使推杆 30返回原位。
[0031 ] 如图 2所示， 本发明的采样装置 10具有一采样组件 40。 采样组件 40具有一 管状头部 41， 其沿着纵向朝前延伸。 管状头部 41包含一前方开口 411、 一相对于前方 开口 411 的近端 412， 以及一连接前方开口 411和近端 412的内部通道 413。前方开口 411具有尖锐的边缘， 以利于使用者藉由以前方开口 411按压样品来源， 优选为同时徐 徐旋转采样装置 10， 而切下样品 70。
[0032] 柱塞 43大致上位于内部通道 413内， 且可以在内部通道 413内沿着纵向往复 移动。 柱塞 43具有靠近前方开口 411 的第一端部 431， 以及相对于第一端部 431 的第 二端部 432。第二端部 432适合于与推杆 30的前端 31相接触， 以便承受藉由前端 31 所施加的力。 推杆 30的前端 31 以及第二端部 432的构形可以广泛地变化， 只要第二 端部 432能够稳定接受由前端 31所施加的力即可。 在本实施方式中， 推杆 30的前端 31 被构形成具有一凹槽， 用以暂时性地接合第二端部 432。 在一较佳实施方式中， 前 端 31被构形成具有一个盘状结构， 以便与定位件 32—起将弹簧 33定位于推杆 30上。
[0033] 第一复位构件 45是一个具弹性的偏压组件， 其分别与管状头部 41和柱塞 43 相关联， 较佳为与管状头部 41和柱塞 43相连接， 更佳为管状头部 41、柱塞 43和第一 复位构件 45—体射出成型。 第一复位构件 45被设置成将柱塞 43偏压在如图 2所示的 休止位置 RP处。 此时， 柱塞 43的第一端部 431位在内部通道 413内， 因而在第一端 部 431和前方开口 411之间界定出一样品容置空间 44， 用以容置所采集到的样品 70。 [0034] 当柱塞 43受到推杆 30推动往前方开口 411移动而压縮样品容置空间 44。 如 图 3所示，若柱塞 43行进至延伸位置 EP时，则柱塞 43的第一端部 431会非常靠近前 方开口 411，例如第一端部 431与前方开口 411齐平甚至于部分地突伸于前方开口 411 外， 使样品容置空间 44实质消失而无法再容置样品 70， 从而迫使样品 70移出样品容 置空间 44。 第一复位构件 45可使柱塞 43不再受力时由图 3所示的延伸位置 EP返回 图 2所示的休止位置 RP。
[0035] 管状尾部 42与管状头部 41一体成形，且由管状头部 41 的近端 412沿着纵向 朝后延伸而形成一套筒结构。该套筒结构在其自由端 420处具有一后方开口 421， 使得 使用者能够容易地徒手将该套筒结构套合至管体 20的下端 22， 且能够容易地徒手由下 端 22将管状尾部 42拆除下来。在一较佳实施方式中，该套筒结构的内壁可以形成有一 凸缘（图未示）， 供与管体 20下端 22的外壁上所形成的凹槽（图未示）构成卡合结构， 以使得管状尾部 42与管体 20下端 22的接合更加稳固。 当管状尾部 42接合至下端 22 时， 推杆 30的前端 31会通过后方开口 421与柱塞 43的第二端部 432相接触， 以承 接来自于推杆 30的推动力。
[0036] 除了可以徒手方式将管状尾部 42由管体 20的下端 22拆除下来以外， 使用者 也可以在柱塞 43位于图 3所示的延伸位置 EP时，再施加更大的力量使推杆 30进一步 向前方行进， 藉此使采样组件 40脱离管体 20的下端 22， 以便再装设另一个采样组件 40。
[0037] 如图 4所示， 依据本发明的第二较佳实施方式中， 本案采样装置 10的外部另 可包含一夹持件 60， 以利使用者携带。 管体 20是由塑料材料分别射出成型的两个半部 份组合而成， 以利弹簧 33和柱塞 43等组件组装于管体 20内。
[0038] 图 5为本发明的采样装置 10'的第三较佳实施方式的纵剖面示意图。 采样装置 10'的管体 20'和推杆 30'与前述第一较佳实施方式大致相同。 管体 20'的下端 22' 可卸 除地接合有一采样组件 40'。 采样组件 40'的管状头部 41 '沿着纵向朝前延伸， 而管状尾 部 42'与管状头部 41 '一体成形，且由管状头部 41 '沿着纵向朝后延伸而形成一套筒结构， 供可卸除地接合至管体 20'的下端 22'。管状头部 41 '包含一前方开口 411 '以及一相对于 前方开口 411 '的近端 412'。 前方开口 411 '具有尖锐的边缘， 较佳为前方开口 411 '的整 个周缘都锐利化甚至设有锯齿以成为有效的切口， 以利于使用者藉由以前方开口 411 ' 按压样品来源， 优选为同时徐徐旋转采样装置 10'， 而切下样品。
[0039] 柱塞 43'可以在内部通道 413'内沿着纵向往复移动。柱塞 43'的第二端部 432' 被构形成具有一个盘状部分， 以便承受由推杆 30'的前端 31 '所施加的力。 管状头部 41 ' 形成有两个沿着纵向相互间隔的止挡件 414'、 415'， 优选为止挡件 414'、 415'分别是由 管状头部 41 '的内壁朝向内部通道 413'延伸的环形凸缘，更佳为止挡件 414'位于管状头 部 41 '的近端 412'处， 而止挡件 415'与止挡件 414'相距约第一复位构件 （弹簧） 45'长 度的距离。 止挡件 414'、 415'用以将弹簧 45'保持在内部通道 413'内。 如本发明所属技 术领域中具有通常知识者所知悉， 止挡件 414'、 415'的构形和位置可以有许多变化， 只 要可以将弹簧 45'保持在内部通道 413'内予以定位，并使得弹簧 45'可以与管状头部 41 ' 和柱塞 43'相关联即可。较佳为位于第二端部 432'处的盘状部分的直径实质大于第一端 部 431 '的直径， 而位于止挡件 414'、 415'之间的内部通道 413'的直径对应且略大于第 二端部 432'的盘状部分的直径，使得第二端部 432'也被保持在止挡件 414'、415'之间。
[0040] 如图 5和 6A所示，弹簧 45'卷绕于柱塞 43'周围，弹簧 45'被设置成将柱塞 43' 偏压在休止位置 RP处。 此时， 柱塞 43'的第一端部 431 '位在内部通道 413'内， 因而在 第一端部 431 '和前方开口 411 '之间界定出一样品容置空间 44'， 用以容置由前方开口 411 '所切下的样品。 此时， 弹簧 45'可以是完全松弛或是呈现略为压縮的状态。 较佳为 当柱塞 43'位于休止位置 RP处时， 弹簧 45'的一端是抵靠于止挡件 415'， 而另一端抵 靠于柱塞 43'的第二端部 432'， 藉此与管状头部 41 '和柱塞 43'相关联， 且迫使第二端 部 432'抵靠于止挡件 414'。 另外， 柱塞 43'与管状头部 41 '内壁间所存在的空隙甚小， 只要不会妨碍柱塞 43'在内部通道 413'内沿着纵向移动即可， 而这可以使得样品或其碎 片不致于意外地进入管状尾部 42'或管体 20'。
[0041 ] 当推杆 30'受力沿着纵向运动而突伸于管体 20'外， 柱塞 43'的第二端部 432' 将会接受由推杆 30'的前端 31 '所施加的力， 而使得柱塞 43'沿着纵向由图 6A所示的休 止位置 RP朝向前方开口行进， 从而达到图 6B所示的延伸位置 EP。 于此时， 柱塞 43' 的第一端部 431 '会非常靠近前方开口 411 '， 例如第一端部 431 '与前方开口 411 '齐平甚 至于部分地突伸于前方开口 411 '外， 使样品容置空间 44'实质消失而无法再容置样品， 从而迫使样品移出样品容置空间 44'。 当柱塞 43'位于延伸位置 EP时， 弹簧 45'处于压 縮状态， 使柱塞 43'不再受力时能够由延伸位置 EP返回图 6A所示的休止位置 RP [0042] 如图 6A和 6B所示，前方开口 411 '的直径比样品容置空间 44'的直径为小， 因 而形成第一肩部 41 6'。 这个构形使得样品被较窄小的前方开口 411 '切下以后能够进入 较为宽广的样品容置空间 44'， 不容易自行从前方开口 411 '掉出， 有助于将样品留置于 样品容置空间 44'中。 另外， 柱塞 43'的第一端部 431 '被构形成具有直径较小且对应于 前方开口 411 '的直径的前段， 以及直径较大且对应于样品容置空间 44'的直径的后段， 藉此在所述前段和后段之间形成第二肩部 436'。 当柱塞 43'位于延伸位置 EP时， 第一 肩部 41 6'和第二肩部 436'会相互抵靠， 使样品容置空间 44'实质消失。 此时， 若使用者 施力进一步推动推杆 30'， 则第二肩部 436'将会施力于第一肩部 41 6'， 使得采样组件 40'前进而与管体 20'脱离， 以便再装设另一个采样组件 40'
[0043] 以上所述实施方式仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 当不能以此限定本发明实施 的范围， 即但凡依本发明申请专利范围及发明说明内容所作简单的等效变化与修饰， 皆 仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。 附图标记说明
10, 10' 采样装置
20, 20' 管体
21 上端
22, 22' 下顺
23 定位部
30, 30' 推杆
31 , 31 ' 前端
32 定位件
33, 33' 第二复位构件 （弹簧) 40, 40' 采样组件
41, 41' 管状头部
411, 411' 前方开口
412, 412' 近端
413, 413' 内部通道
414' 止挡件
415' 止挡件
416' 第一肩部
42, 42' 管状尾部
420 自由端
421 后方开口
43， 43' 柱塞
431, 431' ¾ ~ "而部
432, 432' 一 )i而部
436' 第二肩部
44, 44' 样品容置空间
45 第一复位构件
45, 第一复位构件 （弹簧)
50 顶盖
60 夹持件
70 样品
RP 休止位置
EP 延伸位置

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种可更换式采样组件， 其包含：
一管状头部， 包含一尖锐的前方开口， 用以由一样品来源切下一具有选定尺寸的样品； 一相对于该前方开口的近端； 以及一连接该前方开口和该近端的内部通道；
一柱塞， 大致上位于该内部通道内， 且具有靠近该前方开口的第一端部， 以及相对于该 第一端部的第二端部 ， 其中当外力施加于该第二端部时， 该柱塞可由一休止位置纵向 移动至一延伸位置， 在该休止位置处， 该第一端部位在该内部通道内， 从而在该第一端 部和该前方开口之间界定出一样品容置空间， 在该延伸位置处， 该样品容置空间随着该 第一端部朝向该前方开口移动而实质消失； 以及
一管状尾部， 与该管状头部一体成形且由该管状头部的近端延伸而出， 其中该管状尾部 在其自由端具有一后方开口， 供可卸除式地结合至一外部组件， 且该外力可经由该后方 开口而施加于该柱塞的第二端部。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的可更换式采样组件， 其另包含一位在该管状头部内且与该柱塞 相关联的第一复位构件， 以对抗施加于该柱塞的第二端部的外力。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的可更换式采样组件， 其中该第一复位构件是一个卷绕于该柱塞 周围且被保持于该内部通道内的弹簧。
4、 如权利要求 2所述的可更换式采样组件， 其中该第一复位构件是一个将该柱塞连结 至该管状头部的弹性组件。
5、 如权利要求 3所述的可更换式采样组件， 其中该管状头部形成有两个沿着纵向相互 间隔的止挡件， 该等止挡件朝内向该内部通道延伸， 用以将该弹簧和该柱塞的第二端部 保持在该内部通道内。
6、 如权利要求 1 所述的可更换式采样组件， 其中该前方开口相较于该样品容置空间具 有较小的直径， 藉此形成一有助于将该样品留置于该样品容置空间中的第一肩部。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的可更换式采样组件， 其中该柱塞的第一端部形成有对应于该第 一肩部的第二肩部， 以使得当该柱塞位于延伸位置时， 该第二肩部抵靠于该第一肩部， 使该第一端部无法相对于该内部通道再沿着纵向前进。
8、 如权利要求 1 所述的可更换式采样组件， 其中该前方开口设有锯齿， 以利切割该样 品来源。
9、 如权利要求 1 所述的可更换式采样组件， 其中该管状头部和管状尾部是由选自于玻 璃、 可灭菌塑料、 碳纤维、 熔融石英、 金属、 热塑型弹性体 （TPE)、 丙烯腈 -丁二烯-苯 乙烯共聚物 (ABS)所构成的群组中的材料所制成。
1 0、 一种采样装置， 其包含：
一纵向延伸的中空管体， 其具有一上端和一相对于该上端的下端；
一可踨向运动的推杆， 设置于该管体中， 该推杆具有一靠近该管体下端的前端和一相对 于该前端的后端； 以及
一可更换式采样组件， 可卸除地接合于该下端， 该采样组件包含：
一管状头部， 包含一尖锐的前方开口， 用以由样品来源切下一具有选定尺寸的样品； 一 相对于前方开口的近端； 以及一连接该前方开口和该近端的内部通道；
一柱塞， 大致上位于该内部通道内， 且具有靠近该管状头部的远程的第一端部， 以及相 对于该第一端部的第二端部， 其中当该推杆施加外力于该第二端部时， 该柱塞可由一休 止位置纵向移动至一延伸位置， 在该休止位置处， 该第一端部位在该内部通道内， 从而 在该第一端部和该前方开口之间界定出一样品容置空间， 在该延伸位置处， 该样品容置 空间随着该第一端部朝向该前方开口移动而实质消失； 以及
一管状尾部， 与该管状头部一体成形且由该管状头部的近端延伸而出， 其中该管状尾部 在其自由端具有一后方开口， 供可卸除式地结合至该管体的下端， 且该推杆可经由该后 方开口而施加外力于该柱塞的第二端部。
11、 如权利要求 1 0所述的采样装置， 其另包含一位在该管状头部内且与该柱塞相关联 的第一复位构件， 以对抗施加于该柱塞的第二端部的外力。
1 2、 如权利要求 11 所述的采样装置， 其更包含一第二复位构件， 与该推杆和该管体相 关联， 用以对抗该推杆朝向管体下端进行纵向运动。
1 3、 如权利要求 11 所述的采样装置， 其中该第一复位构件是一个卷绕于该柱塞周围且 被保持于该内部通道内的弹簧。
14、 如权利要求 11 所述的采样装置， 其中该第一复位构件是一个将该柱塞连结至该管 状头部的弹性组件。
15、 如权利要求 13所述的采样装置， 其中该管状头部形成有两个沿着纵向相互间隔的 止挡件， 该等止挡件朝内向该内部通道延伸， 用以将该弹簧和该柱塞的第二端部保持在 该内部通道内。
1 6、 如权利要求 10所述的采样装置， 其中该前方开口相较于该样品容置空间具有较小 的直径， 藉此形成一有助于将该样品留置于该样品容置空间中的第一肩部。
17、 如权利要求 1 6所述的采样装置， 其中该柱塞的第一端部形成有对应于该第一肩部 的第二肩部， 以使得当该柱塞位于延伸位置时， 该第二肩部抵靠于该第一肩部， 使该第 一端部无法相对于该内部通道再沿着纵向前进。
18、 如权利要求 10所述的采样装置， 其中该前方开口的直径介于 0.1 mm至 20 mm之 间。
19、 如权利要求 10所述的采样装置， 其中该上端另设有一顶盖， 以容置该推杆， 并控 制该顶盖以推动该推杆。
20、 如权利要求 10所述的采样装置， 其中该管体的外部另包含一夹持件。
PCT/CN2013/088154 2013-11-29 2013-11-29 可更换式采样组件和设有可更换式采样组件的采样装置 WO2015077980A1 (zh)

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CN102494921A (zh) * 2011-11-30 2012-06-13 北京交通大学 微量磁颗粒取样器
CN202305262U (zh) * 2011-10-25 2012-07-04 华北科技学院 一种内封式煤样取样器
CN102589927A (zh) * 2012-03-26 2012-07-18 北京师范大学 便携式保真柱状底泥采样器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7093508B2 (en) * 2001-05-02 2006-08-22 Joel Steven Harris Sampling apparatus for material collection
JP2005058540A (ja) * 2003-08-15 2005-03-10 Chan Jan Shii 人体組織検査器具
CN201368803Y (zh) * 2009-02-17 2009-12-23 姚雪萍 精密磁性取样笔
CN202305262U (zh) * 2011-10-25 2012-07-04 华北科技学院 一种内封式煤样取样器
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