WO2015058635A1 - 一种能量转换装置 - Google Patents

一种能量转换装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015058635A1
WO2015058635A1 PCT/CN2014/088593 CN2014088593W WO2015058635A1 WO 2015058635 A1 WO2015058635 A1 WO 2015058635A1 CN 2014088593 W CN2014088593 W CN 2014088593W WO 2015058635 A1 WO2015058635 A1 WO 2015058635A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
energy conversion
conversion device
valve
medium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/088593
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋振才
Original Assignee
宋振才
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201310500059.2A external-priority patent/CN103527253A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310500044.6A external-priority patent/CN103498727A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310500041.2A external-priority patent/CN103527252A/zh
Application filed by 宋振才 filed Critical 宋振才
Publication of WO2015058635A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015058635A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type
    • F01C11/002—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of similar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F01C1/3441—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F01C1/3442—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/32—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having both the movement defined in group F01C1/02 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/322—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having both the movement defined in group F01C1/02 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes hinged to the outer member and reciprocating with respect to the outer member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/50—Bearings
    • F04C2240/52—Bearings for assemblies with supports on both sides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an energy conversion device between a high-pressure medium energy and a mechanical energy, in particular an energy conversion device using a blade and a rotating shell.
  • An energy conversion device refers to a mechanical device that converts mechanical energy and medium energy.
  • the mechanism that is used to convert mechanical energy into medium energy is called a pump; the mechanism that converts the medium energy into mechanical energy is called a motor; and the medium that compresses the medium, burns the fuel, and then heats the chemical energy to pressurize the medium, and then converts the medium into The mechanical energy device is called the engine.
  • the vane type energy conversion device generally includes the above three categories.
  • the medium can refer to a medium with a certain energy, pressure and temperature, such as a high-pressure high-temperature steam generated by a boiler, a high-pressure high-temperature gas after combustion of a combustible gas, a high-pressure liquid in a hydraulic system, and a certain pressure difference. Water and so on.
  • a four-stroke engine a steam turbine, a water turbine, a plunger pump, a vane pump, a gear pump or a motor are all in the category of energy conversion devices.
  • thermal power generation that is, boiler burning coal
  • high-pressure steam which is converted into mechanical energy by a steam turbine to drive the generator set to generate electricity.
  • the highest total efficiency (including the efficiency of boilers, steam turbines, and generator sets) is 39%.
  • the steam turbine is an energy conversion mechanism. Its working principle is that high-pressure steam expands in the nozzle to form a high-speed gas, and the high-speed gas impacts the blades of the rotor to push the blades to rotate.
  • the water vapor velocity in the steam turbine is very high, close to or above the speed of sound. Such high speeds can cause the turbine to be unstable if the medium contains water droplets.
  • the dryness of the turbine exhaust steam (the content of dry steam in the steam) x must be greater than or equal to 0.88.
  • the spent steam must be condensed into water before it can continue to be reused in the boiler.
  • the waste of condensed water accounts for more than 40% of the total energy, which is the main reason for the low efficiency of thermal power generation.
  • the steam turbine is driven by the impact force generated by high-speed gas to drive the blade. On the one hand, the speed of the steam at the end of the steam turbine is still high, and its kinetic energy is wasted. On the other hand, the effect of the impact-driven blade is not directly driven by the pressure. The efficiency of the turbine itself is 85%.
  • the highest total efficiency of engines using gasoline, diesel, and natural gas as fuel for combustion is 43%.
  • the energy The loss comes from the following aspects: First, the compression stroke and the power stroke of the engine are the same. There is still a certain pressure and temperature when exhausting the steam, and the energy is wasted. Secondly, the friction loss of the engine piston and other parts is high, and the friction The loss is also the energy loss; there is also the movement of the linear motion into a rotary motion by the crank rocker mechanism during movement. The motion itself is unbalanced and generates vibration, which adversely affects the normal operation and efficiency of the engine.
  • the object of the invention is to increase the energy conversion efficiency. Increasing energy conversion efficiency not only reduces energy consumption, but also reduces pollution, which is a key topic in human research.
  • the invention relates to a vane type energy conversion device, which can be used as a motor, a pump and an engine.
  • the structure adopted by the invention is substantially different from the steam turbine and the four-stroke engine, and has new features in terms of compression ratio or expansion ratio, continuous working performance, friction loss reduction, and work stability, if the parameters are adopted.
  • Reasonable the total efficiency will increase by 10-20% compared with the engine and the steam turbine, and the volume and manufacturing cost of the equipment will be greatly reduced.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an energy conversion device with small volume, high energy conversion efficiency and low cost, which can efficiently convert high-pressure medium (high-pressure gas, high-pressure liquid) energy into mechanical energy output.
  • the mechanical energy can be efficiently converted into high-pressure medium energy output, and can be widely applied to engines, steam turbines, motors, pumps and the like.
  • an energy conversion device is provided.
  • the energy conversion device is a general term for a mechanical structure that can realize energy conversion, such as an engine, a motor, a pump, a steam turbine, and the like.
  • the energy conversion device comprises an outer casing, a rotor, a plurality of blades, a mandrel, a medium inlet and an outlet, and the rotor is rotatably coupled to the outer casing by a mandrel, characterized in that: further comprising a rotating shell between the outer casing and the rotor, the rotating shell and the outer casing
  • the outer casing is rotatably connected by rotating the support member; a groove is formed on the circumference of the rotor side, a plurality of blades are distributed in the rotor groove in the circumferential direction, and each blade is disposed along the radial direction of the rotor; a center of rotation of the rotor and the mandrel and the rotating support member, The center of rotation of the rotating shell is eccentrically disposed; the adjacent two blades, the bottom and side walls of the groove, and the inner surface of the rotating shell form a cavity,
  • the entire energy conversion device has a plurality of chambers of different sizes.
  • a plurality of radial chutes are formed in the rotor groove in the radial direction of the rotor, and the vanes are respectively mounted in the chutes and are movable in the radial direction of the rotor.
  • the outer side of the blade has a concave opening, and the rotating case is partially or entirely placed in the above-mentioned concave opening.
  • the or some of the housings are disposed in and cooperate with the grooves of the rotor.
  • the rotor, the rotor and the blades are in airtight contact with each other.
  • the blade moves along the sliding groove of the rotor under the centrifugal force and the oil pressure at the center of the rotor, and the outer side thereof is always pressed against the inner surface of the rotating shell, and the outer cross section is circular arc shape, and the inside of the rotating shell
  • the circle is tangent and reciprocates as the rotor and the rotor rotate.
  • the rotor is divided into two parts and is constituted by a bolt connection.
  • the rotor is fixedly coupled or integrally formed with the mandrel, or both are designed to be one piece, that is, one part.
  • the medium inlet and the outlet are disposed on the circumferential surface of the rotor, the circumferential surface of the rotor, the side of the rotor or the mandrel.
  • mandrel is rotatably coupled to the housing via a spindle support.
  • a plurality of cavities are used to accommodate the working medium.
  • lubricating oil is added to the cavity through the rotor center oil pool and/or the medium inlet, and the oil acts on the end surface of the blade, so that the cavity can ensure the blade and the rotating shell to be pressed under the high pressure, and the rotating shell and the blade are There is oil in the movement pair between the rotor and/or the rotor to seal.
  • an oil groove is processed in the center of the rotor, and a certain pressure of oil is injected, and the pressure oil lubricates the sliding pair between the sealing rotor and the blade, and penetrates into the cavity through the sliding pair, and the lubricating oil is under the action of centrifugal force. It is smashed onto the rotating shell and has a certain thickness, so that the moving pair between the rotating shell, the blade and the rotor has the presence of sealing oil, so that the gas seal is changed into an oil seal.
  • the inlet or outlet assembly of the medium includes a cam, a spool valve, a return spring, and a spool valve housing; the spool valve housing is mounted on the side of the rotor, the spool valve and the return spring are mounted on the spool valve housing, and the cam is mounted on the housing; cam control The slide valve moves to the left and right, and the slide valve cooperates with the sliding valve housing to determine the opening and closing of the air hole.
  • the inlet or outlet component of the medium includes a cam, a spool valve, and a spool valve housing; the spool valve housing is mounted on the swing housing, the spool valve and the return spring are mounted on the spool valve housing, and the circular cam and the rotating shell are eccentrically mounted on the housing Upper; the cam controls the movement of the slide valve, and the slide valve cooperates with the sliding valve housing to determine the opening and closing of the air hole.
  • the inlet control valve of the medium comprises a T-shaped valve and a T-shaped hole;
  • the T-shaped hole is a hole processed by the bottom surface of the groove on the rotor and is connected with the central gas source, and the T-shaped valve is installed in the T-shaped hole and sealed by the contact step.
  • the boss of the valve is higher than the inside of the rotor groove Surface; when the rotor and the rotating shell rotate and are located at the approaching point of the rotor housing, the rotating shell presses against the boss of the T-shaped valve, so that the T-shaped valve slides, the inlet control valve opens, and when it is away from the point, the rotating shell and the T-shaped valve The boss is not in contact and the inlet control valve is closed as a check valve.
  • the inlet of the setting medium is located at one side of the groove of the rotor, and the outlet of the medium is located at the other side of the groove of the rotor, and the cam is disposed such that the outlet is opened at the maximum position of the volume of the cavity, and then the inlet is opened, so that when the engine is rotated
  • the combustible gas on one side replaces the burned gas, and the inlet and outlet are closed after reaching a certain angle; the medium is continuously rotated to compress the medium, and the accessory is ignited to the minimum position of the cavity, and finally the medium expansion work medium can be converted into mechanical energy.
  • the inlet of the medium is disposed on the rotating shell, the outlet of the medium is disposed on the rotor, the structure of the outlet is a one-way valve and is connected to the high-pressure gas source; the pump rotates, and the inlet opens the cavity to inhale in the portion where the volume of the cavity is increased.
  • the check valve is cut off, the inlet is closed in the volume reduction chamber, the check valve is also closed, and the medium compresses the medium to increase the pressure of the medium until the pressure of the chamber is high pressure, the check valve is opened, and the medium in the cavity Enter the gas source.
  • the rotating shell is divided into two parts, which are respectively mounted on the left and right sides of the casing by the rotating support member; the part of the outer casing occupying the original rotating shell is directly connected with the cavity, and the inner circular surface is formed together with the inner circular surface of the rotating shell. a surface of the cavity.
  • the corresponding outer casing has a medium inlet; the volume of the volume space has a medium outlet corresponding to the outer casing corresponding to the half circle.
  • the motor rotates, the medium is in the inlet air inlet, and the medium expands and works in the area where the volume of the cavity increases, and the volume is reduced in the entire area, and the medium is directly discharged from the outlet.
  • the inlet of the medium is mounted on the rotor, the inlet is connected to the high-pressure medium in the center of the rotor, the outlet of the medium is arranged on the rotating shell, and the outlet is connected to the environment; the motor rotates, and the rotor is close to the rotating shell, that is, the cavity is small, Intake air inlet, high-pressure medium enters the cavity, and later the inlet cut-off, outlet medium, the volume of the cavity increases, the high-pressure medium expands to work, the cavity rotates to the position where the volume is reduced, the outlet opens, and the medium is discharged into the motor environment. go with.
  • a vane engine includes a casing, a rotor, a plurality of blades, a shaft support member, an intake valve assembly and an exhaust valve assembly, and the rotor is rotatably coupled to the outer casing via a shaft support member, and further comprising: a casing and a rotor
  • the rotating shell, the rotating shell and the outer casing are rotatably connected by the rotating support member; the circumference of the rotor side forms a groove, the plurality of blades are distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotor groove, and each blade is arranged along the radial direction of the rotor; the rotor and the rotating shaft support
  • the center of rotation of the piece is eccentric with the center of rotation of the rotating support member and the rotating case; the adjacent two blades, the bottom and side walls of the groove, and the inner surface of the rotating case form a cavity, so that the entire blade type engine
  • a plurality of radial chutes are formed in the rotor groove along the radial direction of the rotor, and the blades are respectively installed in the chute; the rotor When rotating, the vanes slide along the chute of the rotor, and the outer side is pressed against the inner surface of the rotating shell.
  • the outer side of the blade has a concave opening, and the rotating shell is partially or entirely placed in the above-mentioned concave opening.
  • the or some of the housings are disposed within and cooperate with the grooves of the rotor.
  • the rotor, the blade and the rotor are in airtight contact with each other.
  • the rotor is integrally formed or assembled.
  • the lubricating oil is added to the cavity through the center oil pool and/or the air inlet of the rotor, and is sucked onto the rotating shell by the centrifugal force, so that the moving parts of the rotating shell, the blade and the rotor are in oil. seal.
  • the plurality of blades are driven to rotate in the rotating shell, and each of the blades moves in the radial direction of the rotor, so that the outer side of each blade is in airtight contact with the rotating shell;
  • the intake valve assembly includes an intake rotating wheel, an intake shaft, an intake connecting member, an intake spring, and an intake valve; and the exhaust valve assembly includes an exhaust rotating wheel, an exhaust shaft, an exhaust connecting member, and an exhaust valve. Spring, exhaust valve.
  • the inner side of the outer casing has an annular cam
  • the intake side cam drives the intake valve assembly intake
  • the exhaust side cam drives the exhaust valve assembly to exhaust.
  • the exhaust valve is opened when the cavity reaches a maximum, and is exhausted; the ignition bursts when the cavity reaches a minimum; and the exhaust valve and the intake valve are both closed at a certain time between the above two phases, The compression process; after the explosion, work is started externally until the exhaust valve is rotated until the cavity reaches the maximum, and the exhaust is performed to complete a cycle.
  • an intake valve assembly on one side wall of the rotor groove forming the cavity; an exhaust valve assembly on the other side wall of the rotor groove forming the cavity; and an intake cavity between the outer casing and the rotor And the exhaust chamber, the intake chamber and the exhaust chamber are sealed with each other; the intake valve assembly is connected to the intake chamber, and the exhaust valve assembly is connected to the exhaust chamber.
  • the intake chamber air pressure is greater than the exhaust chamber air pressure.
  • the air is ventilated in one or more of the plurality of volumes having a larger volume.
  • the process of ventilating is to first open the exhaust valve for exhausting, and later open the intake valve for intake, after the ventilation
  • the exhaust valve and the intake valve are closed at the same time or at the same time;
  • the process of reducing the volume of the cavity is a compression process of the gas; when the cavity reaches a minimum, the ignition bursts; then the volume of the cavity becomes larger, and the gas expands to perform external work.
  • a blade type energy conversion device including a casing, a rotor, a plurality of blades, a medium inlet and an outlet, and the rotor and the casing are supported by a rotating shaft
  • the rotary connection is characterized in that: further comprising a rotating shell, the rotating shell and the outer casing are rotatably connected by a rotating support; a groove is formed on the side of the rotor for mounting the blade, the rotor has a plurality of blades in the circumferential direction, and the single blade is along the rotor diameter To the setting; the center of rotation of the rotor and the shaft support member and the center of rotation of the rotating support member and the rotating shell are eccentrically arranged; Adjacent two vanes, a bottom and side walls of the rotor recess, and an inner surface of the rotor and the outer casing form a cavity such that the entire vane type energy conversion device has
  • the rotating shell is divided into two parts, which are respectively mounted on the rotating support members on the left and right sides of the outer casing, and the inner circular surface and the inner circular surface of the outer casing together form a surface of the cavity.
  • the contact surface of the shell and the outer casing forms an oil film contact and seal.
  • the cavity can be pressed against the rotating shell under high pressure.
  • the outer side of the blade has a concave opening, and the outer casing portion is placed in the above-mentioned concave opening.
  • the housing is disposed within and mates with the recess of the rotor.
  • the contact between the rotor, the rotor, the blade, and the outer casing is hermetically contacted.
  • oil hole is machined in the outer casing, and oil or liquid is injected to seal and lubricate the components in the cavity.
  • the rotor is composed of two partial connections or integrally formed.
  • the vane type energy conversion device is used as a motor, and the corresponding outer casing has a medium inlet when the volume of the chamber is the smallest; the medium outlet corresponding to the half-circle corresponding to the volume of the chamber has a medium outlet.
  • the vane type energy conversion device is used as a pump, and the portion of the medium compressed to a certain pressure has a medium outlet on the corresponding casing; the half of the volume corresponding to the volume of the chamber has a medium inlet on the corresponding casing.
  • the energy conversion device of the present application has small volume, high energy conversion efficiency, and low manufacturing cost, specifically:
  • the former is the main energy conversion equipment for firepower and nuclear power generation.
  • the motor using the patented technology has the following advantages compared with the steam turbine: 1. Since the medium and the cavity operate at the same speed, the motor is not afraid of water droplet formation. 2. Converting the same power, the motor is reduced by a factor of two compared to the shape and manufacturing cost of the turbine. 3, can increase the efficiency of thermal power generation to 50-60%. 4, the motor can be large or small, the design power range of the conversion energy is several kilowatts to several hundred megawatts.
  • the blade type motor is more efficient than the steam turbine and has the following basis.
  • the initial pressure and temperature parameters of water vapor should be adjusted: increase the pressure of water vapor, and appropriately reduce the water vapor.
  • the temperature (which must exceed the critical temperature) increases the ability of the water vapor to work as a function of water, such that the entropy of the water vapor decreases.
  • the steam output of the steam turbine has a dryness of at least 0.88, and must be completely cooled into water before being recovered.
  • the energy loss of the condensed water is 40% of the total energy.
  • the vane motor can reduce the energy loss of condensate by 55%.
  • the blade motor directly pushes the blade by the pressure of the medium, and the high-speed gas generated by the steam turbine impacts the turbine blade. The efficiency of the blade motor is higher from the mechanism of generating the force.
  • the gas motor can also be used as a gas energy conversion device, and can also be used as a power tool.
  • the pump conversion medium adopting the patented technology has a large quantity, and the pressure of the conversion medium is high. Since the volume of the medium is small when compressing the medium to the gas source, the high-pressure medium in the cavity is exhausted to the high-pressure gas source, and in addition, compared with the steam turbine.
  • the compressor is not only efficient, but also adaptable to the conversion of two media. Its uses include: use as a compression medium pump, use the converted high-pressure medium to re-absorb the heat source to do work; provide high-pressure gas source for various production and life.
  • the structural engine of the present invention is substantially different from the current four-stroke engine and will have a revolutionary impact.
  • the four-stroke engine uses cylinder suction-compression-explosion-exhaust conversion energy, and then converts the linear reciprocating motion into a rotary motion through the crank rocker mechanism.
  • the vane engine uses a rotary motion, which is completed by a cycle of ventilation, compression, combustion, and expansion.
  • the vane engine is stable and has no impact; continuous working performance is good and high speed can be obtained.
  • the compression stroke of the four-stroke engine is equal to the explosion stroke. Since the pressure of the medium in the cavity after combustion is greater than the pressure after the original compressed air, the pressure of the gas after the completion of the explosion stroke is still high, and the energy is wasted.
  • the expansion ratio of the blade engine is increased than the compression ratio, which reduces the amount of gas energy loss and improves efficiency.
  • the transducer is rolling friction and the friction loss is small.
  • the volume of the vane engine is reduced by a factor of two compared to the volume of a four-stroke engine. 5. Efficiency increases by 10%-20%. 6.
  • the power range of the vane engine is very large and can cover a few hundred watts to several tens of megawatts.
  • Blade engines have broad application prospects and will contribute to reducing energy losses and protecting the environment.
  • the pump or the motor using the structure of the present invention for an oil or an emulsion has the advantages of higher volumetric efficiency, a smaller volume of the pump and the motor, and a lower manufacturing cost than the conventional oil pump or motor.
  • the performance of hydraulic pumps and motors has been greatly improved.
  • vane type motor of the present invention it is also possible to apply to hydroelectric power generation to replace the water turbine.
  • impurities in the water may cause damage to the motor and take measures.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main structure C-C of the vane type energy conversion device
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cross section G-G of the vane type energy conversion device
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the outer casing D-D of the blade type energy conversion device
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the main cross section of the engine main structure A1-A1
  • FIG. 1 Main section cross-sectional view of the main structure A2-A2 of the pneumatic pump
  • Figure 17 a cross-sectional view of the main section of the air motor main structure A3-A3
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the main section of the air motor main structure A4-A4
  • FIG. 22 Cross-sectional view of the hydraulic pump or motor B5-B5
  • FIGS 1-11 illustrate an embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
  • the energy conversion device comprises a casing 1, a rotating support 2, a rotating shell 3, a plurality of blades 4, a rotor 5, a rotating support 6 and an inlet 7 of the medium, and an outlet 8 of the medium.
  • the main components are, in order from the outside, the outer casing, the rotating support member 2, the rotating shell, the vane, the rotating support member 6, and the rotor; the rotating shell is mounted on the outer casing by the rotating support member 2, and the rotor is mounted on the outer casing by the rotating support member 6.
  • the center of the rotating shell is eccentric with the center of the rotor; the vane is mounted on the chute of the rotor; the vane has a groove, and the bottom arc of the groove is tightly pressed against the inner surface of the rotating shell; the side of the vane groove and the side of the rotor recess are stuck At the end face of the outer casing, a hermetic fit forms a seal under the condition of a sealing ring; the inner surface of the outer casing 1, the bottom surface 3 of the rotor groove, the two side faces 24 of the rotor groove, and the sides of the adjacent two blades
  • the space formed by 56 is referred to as a cavity, and the energy conversion device has a plurality of cavities.
  • each cavity rotates with the angular velocity of the cavity. Due to the eccentricity, the volume of each cavity has a small to large and a large to small change process. This process is an expansion process and a compression process for the medium in the cavity.
  • the outer casing 1 is a base member as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, and the outside is connected to the foundation of the energy conversion device, and the inside supports the components of the energy conversion device by the rotation support member 2 and the rotation shaft support member 6.
  • the shaft support member 6 is connected to the rotor so that the mandrel can rotate relative to the outer casing; by rotating the support member 2 and connecting the rotating shell, the rotating shell can be phased For the housing to rotate; the eccentricity of the rotor and the rotor is formed on the outer casing. Due to the need for processing and assembly, the outer casing consists of multiple pieces.
  • the rotating support member 2 is a supporting member between the rotating shell 3 and the outer casing 1, and the structure thereof may be various structures such as a bearing, a ball, a ball and a cage, a sliding bearing, and the like, as long as the rotating shell can be rotated under the support of the outer casing.
  • the rotary case 3 is a cylindrical member whose inner cylindrical surface 1 is a surface forming a cavity; the width is the same as the width of the cavity, the nominal dimension M; and the rotary support member 2 is mounted outside.
  • the inner cylindrical surface is in contact with the bottom of the groove of the blade, and the two end faces are installed between the rotor and the groove of the blade.
  • a sealing groove can be processed on each of the two end faces of the rotating shell 3 for mounting a sealing member such as an O-ring or a Glyd ring.
  • the structure of the blade 4 is as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. There are a total of n blades, and the outside of the blade has a concave opening, and a part of the casing is placed in the above-mentioned concave opening.
  • the total width of the blade is M+2N, wherein the edge portion of the concave opening having two edge widths N is higher than the middle portion having the middle width M; the concave opening width M is exactly the same as the width of the cavity and the rotating shell; The end of the end width N is inserted into the sliding groove of the rotor 5 such that the entire blade exposed portion has a width M (ie, only a portion having a width M is exposed, and a portion having a width N is not exposed in the sliding groove); the width is The portion of M has a circular arc with a radius r (as shown in Fig. 8), and is tangential to the inner shell of the rotating shell 3 when rotated, and the inner end of the portion having a width N at both ends. Jammed on the side of the housing 3; the two surfaces 56 of the blade are two of the six surfaces of the cavity that can vary.
  • the blade may be of unitary construction or may be of several assembled constructions.
  • the structure of the rotor 5 is as shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11, and consists of a cylinder of diameter ⁇ 1 and two diameters of ⁇ 2, bearing positions at both ends and output shaft, ⁇ 2> ⁇ 1, and the structure consisting of ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 and two side walls is The groove structure.
  • the rotor is formed with a plurality of sliding grooves 7 in the radial direction from the circumferential center, and the blades are respectively installed in the sliding grooves 7.
  • the chute 7 is generally rectangular in cross section, and the length of the rectangle is M+2N, that is, in addition to the processing length M on the circle of ⁇ 1, the length N is also processed on both sides of the ⁇ 2 circle.
  • the rotor 5, together with the groove of the blade 4 is clamped onto the M-turn housing 3.
  • the blade protrudes or retracts from the radial groove of the rotor under the combined action of centrifugal force and/or central oil pressure and/or the shell pressure (as shown in Fig. 2). Show), so that when the rotor rotates, the airtightness of the cavity is ensured.
  • the surface 3 of the rotor 5 forms the inner surface of the cavity, the surface 24 of the rotor 5 forms the two side surfaces of the cavity; the rotor is mounted on the rotary support 6, connected to the outer casing by the rotary support 6, and the output shaft portion is input or The mechanical energy is output; the central hole of the rotor 5 is a blind hole.
  • this blind hole an oil pool, which is connected with a certain pressure of hydraulic oil to lubricate, seal the blade and the rotor or even the moving pair of the rotating shell.
  • ⁇ 2 is larger than the inner diameter of the rotating shell, and the integral structure can not be installed, so the rotor is assembled from at least two pieces.
  • the rotor may also include a mandrel that is integrally formed to collectively form a rotating rotor; or the rotor and mandrel are used as two parts. Either way, the mandrel or the mandrel on the rotor can be rotatably connected to the housing. The connection can be achieved by a pivot support.
  • the rotating shaft support member 6 can be various structures such as a bearing, a ball, a roller, a roller, a sliding bearing, and the like, as long as the mandrel can be rotated under the support of the outer casing.
  • the shaft support 6 connects the outer casing 1 and the rotor 5.
  • the rotor 5 and the shaft support 6 have a common center of rotation A.
  • the rotating support 2 and the rotating shell 3 have a common center of rotation B, and the center of rotation A has an eccentricity e.
  • the outer surface of each individual cavity is the inner surface 1 of the outer casing, the inner surface 3 of the inner surface of the rotor 5, and the four sides, the left and right sides are the side faces 56 of the blades, and the front and rear sides are the groove side faces 24 of the rotor 5. As shown in Fig.
  • a total of twelve capacitors are assumed (the number and size of the specific chambers can be set according to actual needs), and are represented by RQ1, RQ2, RQ3, ..., RQ12, respectively.
  • a plurality of cavities are used to house a working medium, such as a gas, a liquid, a solid powder, or a mixture thereof.
  • the rotating shell 3, the vane 4, and the rotor 5 rotate at the same angular velocity (the rotating shell 3 may be thrown when rotating, but the amount is very small), and each of the vanes 4 rotates once with the rotating shell 3 and the rotor.
  • the sum of the slip amounts between 5 is roughly equal to the two eccentricity 2e, which is greatly reduced compared with the conventional mechanical structure vane pump, motor, etc., which reduces the wear and improves the efficiency.
  • the energy conversion device has a total of 12 chambers, each of which should avoid or reduce leakage to other chambers and internal and external energy conversion devices.
  • RQ4 as an example, between RQ4 and RQ5 and RQ3, due to the pressure difference, the high pressure cavity has the possibility of leaking into the low pressure cavity through the contact gap between the blade 4 and the rotating shell 3; see Fig. 1, high pressure medium There is a possibility of leaking outward through the gap between the rotor 5 and the rotating shell 3; see the I position in Fig. 2, which is a specific position for improving the sealing property, and the vane 4 is inserted into the chute of the rotor 5. (See Fig.
  • the blade 4 should be machined at a sharp angle where the high pressure medium has the possibility of leaking outward through the gap between the vane 4 and the rotating shell 3 and the rotor 5; the high pressure chamber also passes through the rotor 5 and the vane The possibility that the four chutes leak into the low pressure chamber.
  • the method for solving the leakage can be achieved by improving the machining accuracy and reducing the clearance after assembly, and the sealing portion of the rotating shell 2 and the blade 4 of the rotor 5 can be sealed.
  • the present invention provides another way to improve the seal: for a gaseous medium, the amount of lubricant leaked is much less than the amount of gas leaked.
  • Lubricating oil can be obtained from two aspects: 1. The inlet of the medium; 2.
  • An oil tank (oil pool) is machined in the center of the rotor 5, and a certain pressure of oil is injected, and the pressure oil lubricates the sliding between the sealing rotor 5 and the vane 4. A pair and penetrates into the cavity through the sliding pair.
  • the inlet and outlet of the medium can be placed on any part that is in contact with the cavity, such as the rotating shell, the radial direction of the rotor, and the side of the rotor, as desired. Valves are placed on the inlet and outlet and opened and closed by a certain control mechanism to ensure that the inlet is only opened during intake and the outlet is only opened when the gas is discharged.
  • Figures 12-22 illustrate examples of various blade-type energy conversion devices that have different placement positions for the inlet and outlet of the media due to different performance requirements.
  • the energy conversion system consisting of the outer casing 1, the rotating support 2, the rotating shell 3, the plurality of blades 4, the rotor 5, the rotating support 6 and the inlet of the medium, and the outlet of the medium, the process of rotation is a process of energy conversion.
  • any one of the plurality of cavities is taken for analysis, and it is set that the outer casing 1 does not move, and the rotating shell 3, the rotor 5, and the vane 4 rotate in the same direction, and the rotating direction is counterclockwise.
  • RQ1 shown in Figure 3 Take RQ1 shown in Figure 3 as the specific cavity for the analysis.
  • the position of the cavity RQ1 is located at a position with a small volume.
  • RQ1 gradually reaches the position of RQ2.RQ3.RQ4.RQ5.RQ6 in the figure, and the volume of the cavity gradually increases with the rotation, and the cavity is gradually increased.
  • the medium expands as the volume of the chamber increases.
  • the volume of the cavity reaches the maximum, continues to rotate, and gradually reaches the positions of RQ7, RQ8, RQ9, RQ10, RQ11, and RQ12.
  • the volume is gradually reduced with the rotation, and the medium in the cavity is compressed as the volume of the cavity is reduced.
  • the blade type capacity conversion device described above can be used for different purposes in conjunction with different inlets and outlets.
  • a gaseous medium if the medium is used to push the blade to work on the blade, the input medium can output mechanical energy.
  • a motor if mechanical energy is input, the compressed medium increases the pressure of the medium and outputs a high-pressure medium.
  • a pump if the gas is used to compress the gas, the middle is ignited, and the other side is driven by the gas to drive the conversion device, the device is said to be the engine.
  • liquid media since the volume deformation of the liquid after the pressure changes is small, the medium can be directly converted with mechanical energy, and both the pump and the motor can be used.
  • the structure according to the above embodiment of the present invention can effectively improve the conversion efficiency between the high-pressure dielectric energy and the mechanical energy.
  • Vane type energy conversion device used as an engine
  • FIG. 12, FIG. 13, and FIG. 14 are a structural diagram and an operational principle diagram of an energy conversion device (hereinafter referred to as an engine) for an engine, which includes a casing 1, a rotation support member 2, a rotor casing 3, and a plurality of blades 4.
  • the rotor 5, the rotating support 6 and the like, 7 is the inlet assembly of the medium, and 8 is the outlet assembly of the medium.
  • Fig. 12 is a main structure of the engine
  • Fig. 13 shows a process of changing the size of the engine
  • Fig. 14 shows an intake and exhaust process of the engine and a valve structure.
  • the intake and exhaust valves of the engine are disposed on the side of the rotor, and each of the chambers is provided with an intake valve and an exhaust valve.
  • the inlet assembly 7 is composed of a cam 7-1-1, a spool 7-2-1, a return spring 7-3-1, a spool housing 7-4-1 and the like.
  • the cam 7-1-1 is mounted on the outer casing (or integral with the outer casing), and does not rotate like the outer casing, and is a command component for opening and closing the sliding valve; the outer end of the sliding valve 7-2-1 is equipped with a roller, and the roller is pressed against it.
  • the cam has an inner end which is a butterfly structure and cooperates with the sliding valve housing to seal the sliding valve.
  • the sliding valve is a sealing actuator, and the command of the executing cam slides down within a certain range; the function of the return spring 7-3-1 is sliding.
  • the valve needs to be powered when it is closed; the spool housing is mounted on the side wall of the rotor 5 to position, inhale, support the slide valve, and cooperate with the slide valve to seal when closed.
  • the air intake action is that after the rotor rotates to a certain angle, the cam lifts up the slide valve, so that the slide valve 7-2-1 slides to the right, the butterfly table of the slide valve and the slide valve housing are opened, and the gas on the inlet 7 side enters the cavity.
  • the cam turns over the high point, under the action of the return spring 7-3-1, slide the slide valve 7-2-1 to the left until the butterfly table of the slide valve and the spool housing are closed, the cavity
  • the medium is cut off and the outside is in and out.
  • the structure of the outlet 8 assembly is identical to that of the inlet 7 assembly, and the action is the same, which is provided on the other side wall of the rotor 5. Detonation.
  • RQ10 the specified volume.
  • the rotation of the engine is continuous.
  • the exhaust valve of the cavity is opened.
  • the medium pressure in the cavity is high and the ambient gas pressure is high, and the medium in the cavity passes quickly.
  • the exhaust valve is exhausted.
  • the intake valve is opened, and the intake and exhaust are simultaneously performed.
  • the gas entering the chamber is a combustible gas, that is, a mixed gas of air and fuel, and the exhaust chamber is burned.
  • the lack of steam, this process is the ventilation process.
  • the intake and exhaust valves are closed until RQ14.
  • the chamber continues to rotate to the RQ15-RQ18 position. At this point, the engine compresses the medium in the chamber, reducing the volume of the medium in the chamber. The pressure is increasing.
  • RQ1-RQ10 From the position of RQ1-RQ10, it is the position where the engine expands and works. The medium expansion pushes the blade to output mechanical energy. When it reaches RQ10, the exhaust valve opens and another cycle begins.
  • a quantitative non-flammable sealing oil can be added to the cavity.
  • n chambers represent an engine with n cylinders.
  • the engine of this structure has no impact, the expansion stroke is larger than the compression stroke, the friction is small, and the efficiency is high.
  • a vane type energy conversion device used as a pneumatic pump.
  • FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 are a structural diagram and a working principle diagram of an energy conversion device (hereinafter referred to as a pneumatic pump) used as a pneumatic pump, which includes an outer casing 1, a rotary support 2, a rotary shell 3, a plurality of blades 4, and a rotor. 5.
  • a pneumatic pump used as a pneumatic pump, which includes an outer casing 1, a rotary support 2, a rotary shell 3, a plurality of blades 4, and a rotor. 5.
  • Rotate the support 6 and other components, 7 is the inlet component of the medium
  • 8 is the outlet component of the medium.
  • Fig. 15 is a main structure of a pneumatic pump
  • Fig. 16 shows a process of changing the volume of the pneumatic pump while showing the structure of the inlet and outlet of the medium.
  • the intake port assembly 7 is composed of a rolling cam 71-2, an intake slide valve 7-2-2, and a spool housing 7-3-2.
  • the inner shape of the rolling cam 7-1-2 is a circle, and a disk rolling bearing is arranged at the bottom.
  • the center of the bearing has a left and right eccentricity with respect to the center of the rotating shell, which is a command component for opening and closing the sliding valve; the sliding valve 7-2-2
  • the outer end is a spherical contact, the contact bears against the cam, and the inner end is a butterfly structure, which cooperates with the sliding valve housing to seal, the sliding valve is a sealed actuator, and the command of executing the cam slides down within a certain range.
  • the angle is closed or the air intake;
  • the sliding valve housing 7-3-2 is mounted on the moving shell 3, and functions as a positioning, an intake, a supporting slide valve, and a sealing valve.
  • Each inlet is equipped with an inlet assembly.
  • the cam 7-1-2 is in contact with the spool at the positions of RQ1, RQ2, RQ3, RQ4 and RQ5 due to the eccentricity. At this time, the spool opens, at RQ6, RQ7, The positions of RQ8, RQ9 and RQ10 are not in contact with the slide valve, and the slide valve is closed under the action of centrifugal force and air pressure.
  • the outlet assembly 8 is composed of a steel ball 8-1-2 and a valve body 8-2-2.
  • the outlet assembly 8 is a one-way valve disposed on the bottom surface of the rotor. When the pressure of the chamber is greater than the high pressure gas pressure at the center of the rotor, the valve is opened; otherwise, it is closed.
  • the working principle of the pump is as follows: Participate in Figure 16, with RQ1 as the specified cavity.
  • RQ2 As the specified cavity.
  • the volume of the cavity increases, and the ambient pressure is greater than the pressure of the cavity.
  • the intake valve is closed, the mechanical energy pushes the blade, the volume of the cavity is reduced, the medium is compressed, and the pressure is increased.
  • the one-way valve is opened, and the high-pressure medium of the cavity is discharged to the center of the rotor, and the high-pressure medium output pump at the center of the rotor becomes a high-pressure gas source.
  • the pump has a large amount of pump conversion gas and a high pressure. Since the volume of the chamber is small when compressing the medium to the gas source, the high-pressure medium in the chamber is exhausted to the high-pressure gas source, and in addition, compared with the compressor of the steam turbine, The pump can also be adapted to convert both gas and liquid media.
  • Vane type energy conversion device used as a pneumatic motor
  • FIG. 17 and 18 are diagrams showing the structure and operation of an energy conversion device (hereinafter referred to as a motor) used as a motor
  • Figs. 19 and 20 are schematic diagrams of another motor.
  • the figure includes the outer casing 1, the rotating support 2, the rotating shell 3, the plurality of blades 4, the rotor 5, the rotating support 6 and the like, 7 is an inlet assembly of the medium, and 8 is an outlet assembly of the medium.
  • Fig. 17 is the main structure of the motor
  • Fig. 18 is a diagram showing the variation of the cavity and the structure of the inlet assembly 7 and the outlet assembly 8.
  • the original moving shell is an integral structure, and now it is divided into two left and right sides after being mutated, and the two rotating shells are respectively mounted on the outer casing through bearings, and two
  • the middle part of the moving shell allows the outer casing to be added to the position occupying the original moving shell, so that the outer shell directly contacts the cavity, so that the outer casing is directly in contact with the cavity, so that the air intake and exhaust are convenient, and the disadvantage is that The surface of the cavity contact does not rotate completely with the cavity, which brings some disadvantages.
  • the working process of the motor is shown in Fig. 18.
  • the inlet 7 and the outlet 8 are directly disposed on the outer casing, and since the outer casing is directly in contact with the cavity, the intake air is directly discharged. Demonstrate the process of doing work with RQ1 as the specified volume.
  • the high-pressure medium enters RQ1 directly from the inlet 7 and the rotor blade rotates counterclockwise.
  • the cavity rotates to the position of RQ2-RQ9
  • the volume of the cavity increases, the expansion of the medium pushes the blade to do work, and the mechanical energy is output to reach the cavity RQ10-RQ17.
  • the low pressure medium exits the motor directly from the outlet 8.
  • This structure can also be used in pumps as long as the inlet and outlet are reversed.
  • Fig. 19 shows the main structure of the motor
  • Fig. 20 shows the process of changing the size of the cavity of the motor while showing the structure of the inlet and outlet of the medium.
  • the center hole of the motor rotor of this structure is connected to a high-pressure gas source, and the space between the outer casing and the rotating shell communicates with the gaseous state of the environment.
  • the inlet assembly 7 is mounted on a circle at the bottom of the rotor recess and the inlet assembly 7 includes a slide valve 7-13, air passage 7-2-3.
  • the slide valve 7-13 is matched with the air passage 7-2-3 to be equivalent to a one-way valve.
  • the slide valve 7-1-3 is a T-shaped structure, the T-shaped side has an air gap, and the bottom of the boss protrudes beyond the outer circumference of the groove bottom of the rotor; the air passage 7-2-3 is equivalent T-shaped holes, which are connected to the air source of the rotor center hole.
  • the T-shaped structure of the slide valve 7-13 is installed in the T-shaped hole of the air passage 7-2-3, and is sealed when the two T-shaped steps are in contact, and the air is taken in when the step has a gap.
  • the sliding valve 7-13 is mounted on the air passage 7-2-3 on the rotor, and its center of rotation is concentric with the rotor.
  • the sliding valve 7-13 Due to the eccentricity of the rotor and the rotating shell, the sliding valve 7-13 is also eccentric with the rotating shell.
  • the slide valve 7-13 follows the rotation of the rotor, since the eccentricity is necessarily close to the rotary case.
  • the pressure of the high pressure gas source is greater than the pressure of the cavity, and the sliding valve in the rotation has centrifugal force, and the check valve is blocked by the combination of the above two forces.
  • the moving shell compresses the boss of the slide valve 7-13 like a cam, so that the step of the slide valve 7-13 and the air passage
  • the hole step of 7-2-3 is opened, and the high-pressure gas source in the rotor feeds into the cavity.
  • the outlet assembly 8 is comprised of a rolling cam 8-1-3, an exhaust spool 8-2-3 and a spool housing 8-3-3.
  • the inner shape of the rolling cam 8-1-3 is a circle, and a disk rolling bearing is arranged at the bottom.
  • the center of the bearing has a left and right eccentricity with respect to the center of the rotating shell, and is a command component for opening and closing the sliding valve.
  • the outer end of the slide valve 8-2-3 is a spherical contact, the contact is in contact with the cam, and the inner end is a butterfly structure, which cooperates with the sliding valve housing to seal.
  • the spool valve is a sealed actuator that commands the cam to slide down over a certain range and close or vent at a certain angle.
  • the spool housing 8-3-3 is mounted on the moving shell 3, and functions as a positioning, an intake air, a support slide valve, and a seal together with the slide valve.
  • Each of the chambers is equipped with an outlet assembly.
  • the cams 8-1-3 are eccentric, and the positions of RQ1, RQ2, RQ3, RQ4, and RQ5 are not in contact with the spool valve.
  • the spool valve is closed under the action of centrifugal force and air pressure. ; At the position of RQ6, RQ7, RQ8, RQ9, RQ10, it is in contact with the spool valve, at which time the cam top lift valve opens.
  • the inlet 7 is in the RQ10 and RQ1 positions of Fig. 20, the spool 7-2-3 is in contact with the rotating shell, the inlet 7 is opened, and the high pressure gas in the center of the rotor enters the cavity.
  • the cavity rotates counterclockwise, reaches the RQ2 position, the slide valve 7-2-3 and the rotating shell leave, the air inlet is closed, to the position of RQ2, RQ3, RQ4, RQ5, the medium in the cavity expands, pushing the blade to work.
  • the cams 8-1-3 are in contact with the spools 8-2-3, the exhaust valve 8 is opened, and the chamber is deflated outward.
  • the amount of the high-pressure medium to be converted is large, the pressure is high, and the medium for switching the gas-liquid mixed phase does not affect the performance of the motor.
  • the volume and manufacturing cost of the equipment are reduced by a multiple of the gas-liquid medium of the same pressure and flow rate. It has enormous economic and social benefits.
  • Vane type energy conversion device used as hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor
  • 21 and 22 are a structural view and a working principle diagram of a blade type energy conversion device used as a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, which includes a casing 1, a rotating support 2, a rotating casing 3, a plurality of blades 4, and a rotor 5.
  • rotating support 6 and other components, 7 is the inlet of the medium
  • 8 is the outlet of the medium.
  • Figure 21 is the main structure of the pump and motor, including the inlet 7 and the outlet 8 of the chamber
  • Figure 22 is a variation of the chamber, including a structural view of the oil distribution plate communicating with the chamber.
  • the inlet 7 and the outlet 8 are respectively connected to a semi-circular oil distribution tray, and the oil distribution tray is connected to the cavity through the oil hole.
  • the hydraulic pump and motor are essentially different from the gas.
  • the cavity of the region must be connected to the inlet or the outlet respectively, that is, the pressure of the liquid in the region where the volume of all the cavity is increased is the same, and the pressure of the cavity in the region where the volume of the cavity is reduced is the same.
  • RQ2 and RQ3 are connected to the inlet 7 and are in a low-pressure liquid state;
  • RQ5 and RQ6 are connected to the outlet 8 and are in an oil-discharging state.
  • RQ1 and RQ4 are exactly the same volume, neither liquid nor liquid, but a slight rotation beyond the special point RQ1 is connected to the inlet 7, and RQ4 is connected to the outlet 8.
  • the mechanical energy drives the rotor and the blade to rotate counterclockwise, compresses the medium at the position of RQ4, and increases the pressure of the liquid.
  • the position reaching RQ5 and RQ6 is the high pressure medium, and the high pressure medium discharges the oil pump through the oil hole, the oil distribution plate and the outlet 8. That is, the pump converts mechanical energy into high-pressure medium energy.
  • the high-pressure medium pushes the blade to rotate on the side where the gap between the rotor and the rotor is large, and the blade pushes the rotor to output mechanical energy, and the device is the motor.
  • the hydraulic pump and the motor adopting the patented technology have a smaller outer volume than the existing products, and the volumetric efficiency is increased.
  • the blade type energy conversion device and the engine, the motor and the pump according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the field of energy conversion, and are particularly suitable for various power machine scenarios, and can effectively improve the high-pressure medium energy and the mechanical energy. Conversion efficiency, reducing processing costs and reducing volume.

Abstract

一种能量转换装置，其包括外壳（1）、转子（5）、多个叶片（4）、介质进口（7）和出口（8），以及位于外壳和转子之间的转壳（3），转壳（3）与外壳（1）通过转动支撑件（2）转动连接；转子圆周形成凹槽，多个叶片（4）沿圆周方向分布在转子凹槽内，且每个叶片沿转子径向设置；转子（5）回转中心与转壳（3）和转动支撑件（2）的回转中心相互偏心设置；相邻两个叶片、所述凹槽的底和侧壁、以及转壳内表面构成容腔，从而使得整个能量转换装置具有多个容腔。转子凹槽内沿转子径向形成多个径向滑槽，叶片分别安装在滑槽中，能够沿转子径向方向移动。采用该结构的能量转换装置作为泵、马达或发动机，可以极大地提高能量利用率和转换效率，节约能源。

Description

一种能量转换装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种高压介质能与机械能之间的能量转换装置，尤其是采用叶片和转壳的能量转换装置。
背景技术
能量转换装置，指机械能和介质能之间的相互转换的机械设备。习惯把机械能转换成介质能的机构称为泵；把介质能转换成机械能的机构称为马达；而包括压缩介质、燃烧燃料、然后使化学能产生热能使介质增压，再把介质能转换成机械能的装置称为发动机。叶片式能量转换装置大致包含以上三个范畴。在此介质能是指具有一定能量、压力、温度的气态、液体的介质，例如：锅炉产生的高压高温水蒸气、可燃气体燃烧后的高压高温燃气、液压系统中的高压液体、有一定压差的水等。
从上述概念讲，四冲程发动机、汽轮机、水轮机、柱塞泵、叶片泵、齿轮泵或马达等都属于能量转换装置范畴。
目前，火力发电即锅炉燃烧煤产生高压水蒸气，水蒸气通过汽轮机转换成机械能带动发电机组进行发电，其最高总效率(包括锅炉、汽轮机、发电机组的效率)为39％，这个效率指实际发电的总能量除以燃料燃烧释放的总能量。汽轮机是能量的转换机构，其工作原理是高压水蒸气在喷管中膨胀，形成高速气体，高速气体冲击转子的叶片，推动叶片旋转。汽轮机内的水蒸气速度非常高，接近或高于声速，这样高的速度如果介质含有水滴，会导致汽轮机工作不稳定。为了防止上述现象的发生，必须保证汽轮机乏汽的干度(水蒸气中干蒸气的含量)x必须大于等于0.88。而乏汽必须冷凝成水后才能继续输入锅炉重复使用，冷凝水浪费的能量占总能量的40％以上,这是造成火力发电效率低的主要原因。汽轮机是靠高速气体产生的冲击力推动叶片旋转，一方面乏汽在汽轮机的尾端速度依然很高，其动能被浪费了；另一方面，冲击推动叶片的效果没有直接靠压力推动的效果好，汽轮机本身的效率是85％。
采用汽油、柴油、天然气做燃烧燃料的发动机的最高的总效率是43％。其中的能量 损失来自如下几个方面：首先是发动机的压缩行程和做功行程相同，排出乏汽时还有一定的压力和温度，这些能量被浪费了；其次，发动机活塞和其他部位的摩擦损失较高，摩擦损失亦是能量损失；还有是运动时靠曲柄摇杆机构将直线运动转成回转运动，运动本身不平衡，产生振动，对发动机的正常运行和效率不利影响。
本发明的目的就是提高能量的转换效率。提高能量的转换效率，不仅可以降低能源的损耗，而且还可以减轻污染，是人类研究的重点课题。
本发明涉及一种叶片式能量转换装置，这种新型的叶片式能量转换装置可以做马达、泵、发动机之用。本发明所采用的结构，与汽轮机、四冲程发动机有本质的不同，尤其在压缩比或膨胀比、连续的工作性能、降低摩擦损失、工作的稳定性等方面具备新的特点，如果采用的参数合理，与发动机、汽轮机相比总效率会有10-20％的提高，同时设备的体积和制造成本反而极大地降低。
发明内容
技术问题
有鉴于此，本发明要解决的技术问题是：提供一种体积小、能量转化效率高、成本低的能量转换装置，能够高效地将高压介质(高压气体、高压液体)能量转换成机械能输出，或将机械能高效地转化成高压介质能量输出，并可广泛地应用于发动机、汽轮机、马达、泵等结构。
解决方案
为了解决上述技术问题，根据本发明的一实施例，提供了一种能量转换装置。在本申请中，能量转换装置是发动机、马达、泵、汽轮机等可以实现能量转换的机械结构的统称。
能量转换装置，包括外壳、转子、多个叶片、心轴、介质进口和出口，转子通过心轴转动连接在外壳上，其特征在于：还包括位于外壳和转子之间的转壳，转壳与外壳通过转动支撑件转动连接；转子侧面圆周形成凹槽，多个叶片沿圆周方向分布在转子凹槽内，且每个叶片沿转子径向设置；转子、心轴的回转中心与转动支撑件、转壳的回转中心相互偏心设置；相邻两个叶片、所述凹槽的底和侧壁、以及转壳内表面构成容腔，从 而使得整个能量转换装置具有多个大小不同的容腔。
更进一步，转子凹槽内沿转子径向形成多个径向滑槽，叶片分别安装在滑槽中，能够沿转子径向方向移动。
更进一步，叶片外侧具有凹形开口，转壳部分或全部置于上述凹形开口中。
更进一步，转壳部分或全部设置在转子的凹槽内并与之相配合。
更进一步，转壳、转子和叶片相互之间均采用气密性接触。
更进一步，转子转动时，叶片在离心力和转子中心的油压作用下沿转子的滑槽移动，其外侧始终压合在转壳内表面，其外侧横截面为圆弧形，与转壳的内圆相切，并随转子与转壳的关系往复移动。
更进一步，转子分成两个部分由螺栓连接构成。
更进一步，转子与心轴固定连接或一体成型，或两者设计成一体即两者成为一个零件。
更进一步，介质进口和出口设置在转壳圆周面、转子圆周面、转子侧面或心轴上。
更进一步，心轴通过转轴支撑件与外壳转动连接。
更进一步，多个容腔用于容置工作介质。
更进一步，通过转子中心油池和/或介质进口向容腔加入润滑的油，油作用在叶片的端面，使容腔在高压下仍能保证叶片与转壳压合，并使转壳、叶片、和/或转子之间的运动副存在油进行密封。
更进一步，在转子的中心加工一个油槽，并注入一定压力的油，压力油润滑密封转子与叶片之间的滑动副，并通过该滑动副渗透到容腔内，在离心力的作用下，润滑油被甩到转壳上，并有一定的厚度，这样使转壳、叶片、转子相互之间的运动副都有密封油的存在，使气密封改成油密封。
更进一步，介质的进口或出口组件包含凸轮、滑阀、复位弹簧、滑阀外壳；滑阀外壳安装在转子侧面，滑阀、复位弹簧安装在滑阀外壳上，凸轮安装在外壳上；凸轮控制滑阀左右移动，滑阀与滑阀外壳配合确定气孔开闭。
更进一步，介质的进口或出口组件包含凸轮、滑阀、滑阀外壳；滑阀外壳安装在转壳上，滑阀、复位弹簧安装在滑阀外壳上，圆形凸轮与转壳偏心安装在外壳上；凸轮控制滑阀移动，滑阀与滑阀外壳配合确定气孔开闭。
更进一步，介质的进口控制阀包括T形阀和T形孔；T形孔是转子上凹槽底面加工的孔与中心气源相连，T形阀安装在T形孔中靠接触的台阶密封，该阀的凸台高于转子凹槽的内 表面；转子与转壳转动且位于转子转壳的接近点时转壳压触T形阀的凸台，使T形阀滑动，进口控制阀打开，位于远离点时，转壳与T形阀的凸台不接触，进口控制阀作为单向阀截止。
更进一步，设置介质的进口位于转子凹槽的一侧，介质的出口位于转子凹槽的另一侧，设置凸轮使出口位于容腔容积最大位置先打开，稍后进口打开，这样用发动机转动时一侧的可燃气体换掉已燃气体，达到一定的角度后进口、出口关闭；继续转动容腔压缩介质，到容腔最小位置附件点燃介质，最后介质膨胀做功介质能转换成机械能。
更进一步，介质的进口设置在转壳上，介质的出口设置在转子上，出口的结构是单向阀且与高压气源相连；泵转动，在容腔容积增大部位进口打开容腔吸气，单向阀截止，在容腔容积减小部位进口封闭，单向阀亦截止，容腔压缩介质使介质压力增高，直至容腔压力高压气源压力，单向阀打开，容腔中的介质进入气源。
更进一步，其中转壳分成两部分，分别通过转动支撑件安装在外壳左右两侧上；外壳占据原转壳的部分位置直接与容腔相连，其内圆表面与转壳的内圆表面一起形成容腔的一个表面。
更进一步，容积空间容积最小时对应的外壳上具有介质进口；容积空间容积从大变小的半圈对应的外壳上具有介质出口。马达转动，介质在进口进气，在容腔容积增大区域介质膨胀做功，在容腔容积缩小整个区域，介质直接由出口排出。
更进一步，介质的进口安装在转子上，进口与转子中心的高压介质相连，介质的出口设置在转壳上，出口与环境相连；马达转动，在转子与转壳相近即容腔小的位置，进气口进气，高压介质进入容腔，稍后进口截止、出口介质，容腔容积增大，高压介质膨胀做功，容腔转动到容积缩小的位置，出口打开，介质排到马达外环境中去。
为提高发动机中能量转换效率，根据本发明的另一实施例，提供一种用作发动机的能量转换装置。一种叶片式发动机，包括外壳、转子、多个叶片、转轴支撑件、进气阀组件和排气阀组件，转子通过转轴支撑件与外壳转动连接，其特征在于：还包括位于外壳和转子之间的转壳，转壳与外壳通过转动支撑件转动连接；转子侧面圆周形成凹槽，多个叶片沿圆周方向分布在转子凹槽内，且每个叶片沿转子径向设置；转子、转轴支撑件的回转中心与转动支撑件、转壳的回转中心相互偏心设置；相邻两个叶片、所述凹槽的底和侧壁、以及转壳内表面构成容腔，从而使得整个叶片式发动机具有多个大小不同的容腔；进气阀组件和排气阀组件位于形成容腔的转子凹槽的侧壁上。
进一步，转子凹槽内沿转子径向形成多个径向滑槽，叶片分别安装在滑槽中；转子 转动时，叶片沿转子的滑槽滑移，其外侧压合在转壳内表面。
进一步，叶片外侧具有凹形开口，转壳部分或全部置于上述凹形开口中。
进一步，转壳部分或全部设置在转子的凹槽内并与之相配合。
进一步，转壳、叶片和转子相互之间均采用气密性接触。
进一步，转子一体成型，或组装连接构成。
进一步，通过转子中心油池和/或进气口向容腔加入润滑的油，并在离心力的作用下甩到转壳上，使转壳、叶片、转子相互之间的运动副都存在油进行密封。
进一步，转子转动时，带动多个叶片在转壳内转动，同时每个叶片沿转子径向移动，使得每个叶片外侧与转壳气密性接触；
进一步，进气阀组件包括进气转动轮、进气轴、进气连接件、进气弹簧、进气阀；排气阀组件包括排气转动轮、排气轴、排气连接件、排气弹簧、排气阀。
进一步，外壳内侧面具有环形凸轮，进气侧凸轮驱动进气阀组件进气；排气侧凸轮驱动排气阀组件排气。
进一步，排气阀在容腔达到最大时打开，进行排气；在容腔达到最小时点火爆发；在上述两个阶段之间某时刻开始保证排气阀和进气阀均为关闭状态，进行压缩过程；爆发后开始对外做功，直至排气阀转动到容腔达到最大时打开，进行排气，以完成一个周期。
进一步，在形成容腔的转子凹槽的一个侧壁上具有进气阀组件；在形成容腔的转子凹槽的另一个侧壁上具有排气阀组件；外壳和转子之间具有进气腔和排气腔，进气腔和排气腔之间相互密封；进气阀组件连接进气腔，排气阀组件连接排气腔。
进一步，进气腔气压大于排气腔气压。
进一步，在容积较大的几个容腔中的一个或多个中进行换气，换气的过程是先打开排气阀进行排气，稍后打开进气阀进行进气，经过换气后排气阀和进气阀先后或同时封闭；容腔的容积变小的过程是对燃气的压缩过程；在容腔达到最小时点火爆发；然后容腔的容积变大，气体膨胀对外做功。
为提高泵和马达中的能量转换效率，根据本发明的另一实施例，提供了一种叶片式能量转换装置，包括外壳、转子、多个叶片、介质进口和出口，转子与外壳通过转轴支撑件转动连接，其特征在于：还包括转壳、转壳与外壳通过转动支撑件转动连接；转子侧面圆周形成凹槽用于安装叶片，转子沿圆周方向具有多个叶片，且单个叶片沿转子径向设置；转子和转轴支撑件的回转中心与转动支撑件和转壳的回转中心相互偏心设置； 相邻两个叶片、所述转子凹槽的底和侧壁、以及转壳和外壳的内表面构成容腔，从而使得整个叶片式能量转换装置具有多个容腔；介质的进口和出口位于外壳。
更进一步，转壳分成两部分，分别安装在外壳左右两侧的转动支撑件上，其内圆表面与外壳的内圆表面一起形成容腔的一个表面。
更进一步，转壳与外壳的接触面形成油膜接触和密封。
更进一步，通过向位于转子中心的油池加入适当压力的润滑油，使容腔在高压下仍能保证叶片与转壳压合。
更进一步，叶片外侧具有凹形开口，转壳部分置于上述凹形开口中。
更进一步，转壳设置在转子的凹槽内并与之相配合。
更进一步，转壳、转子、叶片、外壳之间接触的部位采用气密性接触。
更进一步，外壳上加工油孔，注入油或液体对容腔中的各部件进行密封和润滑。
更进一步，转子由两个部分连接构成或一体成型。
更进一步，叶片式能量转换装置用作马达使用，容腔容积最小时对应的外壳上具有介质进口；容腔容积从大变小的半圈对应的外壳上具有介质出口。
更进一步，叶片式能量转换装置用作泵使用，介质压缩到一定压力的部分对应的外壳上具有介质出口；容腔容积从小变大的半圈对应的外壳上具有介质进口。
有益效果
本申请能量转换装置体积小、能量转换效率高、制造成本低，具体而言：
(1)用作气动马达：
对比现实中使用的气动马达，主要有汽轮机、燃气轮机，小一些的有气动工具。前者是目前火力和核发电主要的能量转换设备。
目前使用的汽轮机存在缺点，是汽轮机性质决定的，不能克服。1、汽轮机工作时不能有水滴出现，否则会造成汽轮机工作不稳定。2、汽轮机的体积庞大，制造成本高昂。3、目前采用汽轮机火力发电的总效率最高39％。
而采用本专利技术的马达，相比汽轮机有以下优点：1、由于介质与容腔同速度运行，故马达不怕有水滴形成。2、转换相同功率，马达要比汽轮机的外形体积和制造成本成倍的降低。3、可以把火力发电效率提高到50-60％。4、马达可大可小，转换能量的设计功率范围是几千瓦到几百兆瓦。
叶片式马达比汽轮机的效率高，存在以下依据。在热力学的熵温图上，相比现有的汽轮机，水蒸气的初始压力、温度参数应做调整：提高水蒸气的压力，适当降低水蒸气 的温度(必须超过临界温度)可以提高水蒸气作有用功的能力，这样水蒸气的熵值降低。当变化初始参数的水蒸气通过马达将介质能转换成机械能后，输出的低压乏汽——水蒸气的干度降低，能够达到干度x＝0.7或更低。另一方面，当乏汽冷却到干度x＝0.3左右时，可以采用本专利技术的泵对乏汽进行回收，这样乏汽仅干度x＝0.3-0.7之间的能量损失了。目前汽轮机的输出的乏汽的干度至少是0.88，而且必须全部冷却成水后才能重新回收，冷凝水所占的能量损失是总能量的40％。这样计算，叶片式马达可以减低冷凝水能量损失的55％。另一方面，叶片马达是靠介质的压力直接推动叶片，而汽轮机靠压力产生的高速度气体冲击汽轮机叶片，单从产生作用力的机理看，叶片马达的效率会更高。
气马达还可以做燃气的能量转换装置，还可以做电动工具等。
(2)用作泵
采用本专利技术的泵转化介质的数量大，转化介质的压力高，由于容腔向气源压缩介质时容积小，所以容腔中的高压介质向高压气源排气干净，另外，相比汽轮机的压气机，该泵不仅效率要高，而且还可以适应转化气液两项介质。其用途包括:做压缩介质泵用，利用转换的高压介质再吸收热源做功；为各种生产、生活提供高压气源。
(3)用作发动机
本发明结构发动机，与现在的四冲程发动机有本质区别，将带来革命性的影响。1、四冲程发动机采用气缸吸气-压缩-爆发-排气转换能量，然后再通过曲柄摇杆机构把直线往复运动转换成回转运动。叶片式发动机采用的是回转运动，换气、压缩、燃烧、膨胀一个循环完成。叶片式发动机稳定，没有冲击；连续工作性能好，可以获得较高的转速。2、四冲程发动机的压缩行程等于爆发行程，由于燃烧后容腔中的介质压力大于原来压缩空气后的压力，这样爆发冲程完成后燃气的压力仍然很高，这些能量被浪费了。叶片发动机的膨胀比比压缩比增加了，会减少燃气能量损失的数量，提高效率。3、转能机为滚动摩擦，摩擦损失小。4、叶片式发动机的体积比四冲程发动机的体积成倍减小。5、效率有10％-20％的增加。6、叶片式发动机的功率范围非常大，可以覆盖几百瓦到几十兆瓦的范围。
叶片式发动机有广泛的应用前景，将对降低能源损失，保护环境做出贡献。
(4)用作液压泵和马达
采用本发明的结构用于油或乳化液的泵或马达，相比现有油泵或马达，其优点是：可得到更高的容积效率，泵和马达的体积成倍降低，制造成本降低，因此对液压泵和马达的性能有很大的提升。
采用本发明的叶片式马达，还有可能应用于水利发电，以替换水轮机。但是水中的杂质可能会对马达产生危害，需采取措施。
根据下面参考附图对示例性实施例的详细说明，本发明的其它特征及方面将变得清楚。
附图说明
包含在说明书中并且构成说明书的一部分的附图与说明书一起示出了本发明的示例性实施例、特征和方面，并且用于解释本发明的原理。
图1、叶片式能量转换装置主体结构A-A的截面剖视图
图2、叶片式能量转换装置主体结构B-B的截面剖视图
图3、叶片式能量转换装置主体结构C-C的截面剖视图
图4、叶片式能量转换装置横截面G-G的截面剖视图
图5、叶片式能量转换装置的外壳D-D截面剖视图
图6、叶片式能量转换装置的外壳E-E截面剖视图
图7、叶片式能量转换装置叶片视图
图8、叶片式能量转换装置叶片F-F截面视剖视图
图9、叶片式能量转换装置转壳主截面剖视图
图10、叶片式能量转换装置转子主视图
图11、叶片式能量转换装置转子H-H截面剖视图
图12、发动机主体结构A1-A1主截面剖视图
图13、发动机C1-C1截面剖视图
图14、发动机P-P截面剖视图
图15、气动泵主体结构A2-A2主截面剖视图
图16、气动泵B2-B2截面剖视图
图17、气马达主体结构A3-A3主截面剖视图
图18、气马达B3-B3截面剖视图
图19、气马达主体结构A4-A4主截面剖视图
图20、气马达B4-B4截面剖视图
图21、液压泵或马达主体结构A5-A5主截面剖视图
图22、液压泵或马达B5-B5截面剖视图
具体实施方式
以下将参考附图详细说明本发明的各种示例性实施例、特征和方面。附图中相同的附图标记表示功能相同或相似的元件。尽管在附图中示出了实施例的各种方面，但是除非特别指出，不必按比例绘制附图。
在这里专用的词“示例性”意为“用作例子、实施例或说明性”。这里作为“示例性”所说明的任何实施例不必解释为优于或好于其它实施例。
另外，为了更好的说明本发明，在下文的具体实施方式中给出了众多的具体细节。本领域技术人员应当理解，没有某些具体细节，本发明同样可以实施。在另外一些实例中，对于本领域技术人员熟知的方法、手段、元件和电路未作详细描述，以便于凸显本发明的主旨。
实施例1
图1-11示出根据本发明一实施例。
第一实施例中叶片式转能装置的机械结构为：
如图1、图2所示，能量转换装置包括外壳1、转动支撑件2、转壳3、多个叶片4、转子5、转动支撑6和介质的进口7、介质的出口8等部分组成。其主要部件从外倒内依次是外壳、转动支撑件2、转壳、叶片、转动支撑件6、转子；转壳通过转动支撑件2安装在外壳上，转子通过转动支撑件6安装在外壳上；转壳中心与转子中心有偏心；叶片安装在转子的滑槽上；叶片有凹槽，凹槽的底部圆弧顶紧在转壳的内面；叶片凹槽的侧面和转子凹槽的侧面卡在外壳的端面，在有密封圈的条件下气密性配合形成密封；转壳的内表面①、转子凹槽的底面③、转子凹槽的两个侧面②④、以及相邻两个叶片的侧面⑤⑥形成的空间称为容腔，能量转换装置有多个容腔。当能量转换装置转动时，每个容腔的6个表面①②③④⑤⑥都随容腔同角速度转动，由于偏心的存在，每一个容腔的容积都有一个从小到大和一个从大到小的变化过程，这个过程对于容腔内的介质是一个膨胀过程和一个压缩过程。
外壳1如图5图6所示，是基础构件，外部与能量转换装置的基础相连，内部通过转动支撑件2、转轴支撑件6提供对能量转换装置各部件的支撑。通过转轴支撑件6与转子连接，使得心轴能够相对外壳转动；通过转动支撑件2与转壳连接，使得转壳能够相 对于外壳转动；转壳与转子的偏心在外壳上形成。由于加工装配的需要，外壳由多件构成。
转动支撑件2是转壳3和外壳1之间的支撑件，其结构可以是轴承、滚珠、滚珠加保持架、滑动轴承等各种结构，只要能够实现转壳在外壳支撑下转动即可。
转壳3如图9所示，是一个筒状零件，其内部圆柱面①是形成容腔的一个表面；宽度和容腔的宽度相同，名义尺寸M；外面安装转动支撑件2。其内部圆柱面与叶片的凹槽底部接触，其两个端面，安装在转子和叶片的凹槽中间。转壳3的两个端面上可以各加工一圈密封槽，用以安装O形圈或者格莱圈等密封件。
叶片4结构如图7和图8所示，叶片共n个，叶片外侧具有凹形开口，转壳的一部分置于上述凹形开口中。叶片的总宽度为M+2N，其中凹形开口的两个边缘宽度为N的边缘部分高于中间宽度为M的中间部分；凹形开口宽度M正好与容腔及转壳的宽度相同；两端宽度N的端部插装在转子5的滑槽内，使得整个叶片露出部分宽度为M(即仅宽度为M的部分露出，宽度为N的部分插入滑槽内并不露出)；宽度为M的部分其横截面具有半径为r的圆弧(如图8所示)，转动时顶在转壳3上且与转壳3内圆相切；而两端宽度为N的部分的内端面卡在转壳3侧面上；叶片的两个表面⑤⑥是容腔六个表面中的两个可以变化的表面。叶片可以是一体结构，也可以是几件组装结构。
转子5的结构如图10和图11所示，由一个直径φ1两个直径φ2的圆柱体、两端的轴承位和输出轴组成，φ2＞φ1，由φ1、φ2及两侧壁组成的结构即所述的凹槽结构。转子由圆周向圆心沿径向形成多个滑槽⑦，叶片分别安装在滑槽⑦中。所述的滑槽⑦如图10所示，其截面一般是矩形，矩形的长度是M+2N，即除了φ1的圆上加工长度M外，还在φ2圆上两侧各加工长度N。装配后转子5连同叶片4的凹槽卡紧在宽度为M转壳3上。根据转动时转子与叶片相对位置的不同，在离心力和/或中心油压和/或转壳压力的共同作用下，叶片从转子的径向滑槽中伸出或缩回滑动(如图2所示)，从而使得转子转动时，保证容腔的气密性。转子5的表面③形成容腔的内表面，转子5的表面②④形成容腔的两个侧表面；转子安装在转动支撑件6上，通过转动支撑件6与外壳相连；其输出轴部分输入或输出机械能；转子5的中心孔是盲孔，我们称这个盲孔为油池，连接有一定压力的液压油，起润滑、密封叶片与转子甚至转壳的运动副的作用。转子的凹槽结构中φ2大于转壳的内径，整体结构转壳不能安装，所以转子是至少两件组装而成。
转子还可以包括心轴，两者一体形成，共同构成转动的转子；或转子与心轴作为两个零件配合使用。无论哪种方式，心轴或转子上的心轴可以与外壳转动连接，这种转动 连接可通过转轴支撑件实现。
转轴支撑件6可以是轴承、滚珠、滚轮、滚柱、滑动轴承等多种结构，只要能够实现心轴在外壳支撑下转动即可。转轴支撑件6连接外壳1和转子5。
转子5、转轴支撑6具有共同的回转中心A，转动支撑2、转壳3具有共同的回转中心B，回转中心A与B之间具有一个偏心e。n个叶片安装后在转子和转壳间形成了n个容腔RQ1-RQn(例如n＝12)，由于偏心的存在n个容腔容积大小并不相同。每个单独的容腔的外面是转壳内表面①，里面是转子5凹槽底面③，还有4个侧面，左右分别是叶片的侧面⑤⑥，前后两侧是转子5的凹槽侧面②④。如图1所示假设共十二个容腔(具体容腔数目和大小可以根据实际需要设定)，分别用RQ1、RQ2、RQ3…RQ12表示。多个容腔用于容置工作介质，例如气体、液体、固体粉末或它们的混合物。
在旋转的过程中，转壳3、叶片4、转子5同角速度转动(转壳3在转动时有可能丢转，但量非常小)，每个叶片4每转一圈与转壳3、转子5之间的滑移量总和大致都等于两个偏心量2e，比传统机械结构叶片泵、马达等滑动摩擦量极大的减少，降低了磨损，提高了效率。
参见图2，能量转换装置共有12个容腔，每一个容腔应避免或减小向其他容腔以及能量转换装置的内外泄漏。以RQ4为例，在RQ4和RQ5及RQ3之间，由于存在压力差，高压容腔有通过叶片4与转壳3之间的接触间隙向低压容腔泄露的可能性；参见图1，高压介质有通过转子5与转壳3之间的间隙向外泄露的可能性；参见图2中的I位置，是为了提高密封性而设的特定位置，叶片4镶入到了转子5的滑槽之中(参见图4)，叶片4在此位置应加工尖角，此处高压介质有通过叶片4与转壳3和转子5的间隙向外泄漏的可能性；高压容腔还有通过转子5与叶片4间的滑槽向低压容腔泄露的可能性。解决泄露的方法可以通过提高加工精度、减小装配后的间隙来达到，转壳2与转子5叶片4的接触部分可以加密封圈。同时，本发明提供了另外一种方式用于改进密封性：对于气体介质，润滑油的泄露量远小于气体的泄露量。在容腔中加入一定量的润滑油，在离心力的作用下，被甩到外圆即转壳上，密封兼润滑转壳、叶片、转子之间的各运动副。使原来的气密封改成油密封；同时油压作用在叶片底面的平面上，增加了叶片对转壳的接触力，加强了叶片4和转壳3之间的密封。润滑油可从两个方面获得：1、介质的进口；2、在转子5的中心加工一个油槽(油池)，并注入一定压力的油，压力油润滑密封转子5与叶片4之间的滑动副，并通过该滑动副渗透到容腔内。
由于与能量转换装置的容腔上所有接触零部件都随容腔同时转动，所以介质的进口 和出口设置困难。介质的进口和出口可以根据需要分别设置在任何与容腔接触的部件上，例如转壳、转子径向、转子侧面。进口和出口上设置阀，并通过一定的控制机构打开和闭合，保证进口仅在进气时打开，出口仅在出气时打开。
图12-22列举了多种叶片式能量转换装置的实例，由于性能要求不同，介质的进口和出口的设置位置不同。
第一实施例中叶片式转能装置的工作原理及工作过程为：(参见说明附图1-4)
由外壳1、转动支撑件2、转壳3、多个叶片4、转子5、转动支撑6和介质的进口、介质的出口组成的能量转换系统，其转动的过程是能量转换的过程。为了更好的分析过程的状况，取多个容腔中的任一个进行分析，并且设定：外壳1不动，转壳3、转子5、叶片4同向转动，转动方向逆时针方向。
取图3所示的RQ1作为分析的特定容腔。图中容腔RQ1的位置位于容积较小的位置，随着系统转动，RQ1逐步到达图中RQ2.RQ3.RQ4.RQ5.RQ6的位置，容腔的容积随着转动逐步增大，容腔内的介质随着容腔容积的增大而膨胀。
当该装置中的这个特定容腔转动到图3中RQ6和RQ7中间的位置时，容腔的容积达到最大，继续转动，逐步达到RQ7、RQ8、RQ9、RQ10、RQ11、RQ12的位置，容腔的容积随着转动逐步缩小，容腔内的介质随着容腔容积的缩小而压缩。
前面所述的叶片式能力转换装置，配合不同的进口出口会得到不同的用途。对于气体介质，若利用介质膨胀时推动叶片对叶片做功，输入介质能输出机械能，这样的装置称为马达；若输入机械能，压缩介质使介质压力增高，输出高压介质能，这样的装置称为泵；如果即用来压缩燃气，中间点燃，另一侧又用燃气推动转换装置做功，则称该装置为发动机。对于液体介质，由于液体在压力变化后体积变形很小，介质能与机械能直接转换，做泵和马达皆可。上述各种具体的变形结构，将在以下实施例中详细说明。
需要说明的是，尽管以附图1-11以及相应的文字作为示例介绍了叶片式能量转换装置的结构及工作原理、工作过程如上，但本领域技术人员能够理解，本发明应不限于此。事实上，用户完全可根据个人喜好和/或实际应用场景灵活设定该叶片式能量转换装置的细节结构，只要满足基本的转换原理即可。
这样，通过在能量转换装置中设置上述结构的叶片和转壳，根据本发明上述实施例的结构能够有效提高高压介质能和机械能之间的转换效率。
实施例2
用作发动机的叶片式能量转换装置
图12、图13、图14是作发动机的能量转换装置(以下称为发动机)的结构图及工作原理图，图中包括了外壳1、转动支撑件2、转壳3、多个叶片4、转子5、转动支撑6等各个元件，7是介质的进口组件，8是介质的出口组件。
图12是发动机的主体结构，图13显示了发动机的容腔大小变化过程，图14显示发动机的进气、排气过程和气阀结构。发动机的进气阀和排气阀设置在转子的侧面，每一个容腔设置一个进气阀和一个排气阀。进口组件7由凸轮7-1-1、滑阀7-2-1、复位弹簧7-3-1、滑阀外壳7-4-1等部件组成。凸轮7-1-1安装在外壳上(或者与外壳是一体结构)，与外壳一样不转动，是滑阀打开闭合的命令元件；滑阀7-2-1外端安装着滚轮，滚轮顶住凸轮，内端是蝶形结构，与滑阀外壳配合起密封作用，滑阀是密封的执行元件，执行凸轮的命令在一定的范围上下滑移；复位弹簧7-3-1的作用是在滑阀需要封闭的时候提供动力；滑阀外壳安装在转子5的侧壁上，起定位、进气、支撑滑阀、与滑阀配合在一起在封闭时密封的作用。进气动作是转子转动到一定角度后凸轮顶起滑阀，使滑阀7-2-1向右滑动，滑阀的蝶形台与滑阀外壳打开，进口7侧的气体进入到容腔之中；继续转动，凸轮转过高点，在复位弹簧7-3-1的作用下，使滑阀7-2-1向左滑动，直至滑阀的蝶形台与滑阀外壳封闭，容腔中的介质切断与外部进出。
出口8组件的结构与进口7组件完全相同，动作亦相同，设置在转子5的另一侧壁上。起排气作用。
设置排气阀在图13的RQ10-RQ14位置打开，其余位置闭合；设置进气阀在RQ11-RQ14位置打开，其余位置闭合。
现以RQ10为指定容腔叙述发动机的工作过程。发动机的转动是连续的，当这个特定容腔转动到RQ10的位置时，该容腔的排气阀打开，此时容腔中的介质压力还高与环境气体压力，容腔中的介质迅速通过排气阀排出。当该容腔转动到RQ11的位置时，进气阀打开，此时进气和排气同时进行，进入容腔的气体是可燃气体，即空气和燃料的混合气体，排出容腔的是已燃的乏汽，这个过程是换气过程。直到RQ14时进气阀和排气阀关闭。
发动机的进气滑阀和排气滑阀在RQ14的位置关闭后，该容腔继续转动到RQ15-RQ18的位置，此时发动机对容腔中的介质进行压缩，使容腔中的介质体积缩小，压力增高。
到达RQ18的位置时，发动机内的火花塞点火，在RQ18、RQ1的位置燃气迅速燃烧，容腔内的温度和压力进一步提高。
从RQ1-RQ10的位置，是发动机膨胀做功的位置，介质膨胀推动叶片对外输出机械能，到达RQ10时，排气阀打开，又一个循环开始。
为了加强发动机的密封性，可以在容腔中加入定量的不易燃的密封油。
发动机每转动一圈实现一个循环，n个容腔代表有n个缸的发动机。这种结构的发动机没有冲击，膨胀行程大于压缩行程，摩擦力小，具有较高的效率。
实施例3
用作气动泵的叶片式能量转换装置。
图15、图16是用作气动泵的能量转换装置(以下称为气动泵)结构图及工作原理图，图中包括了外壳1、转动支撑件2、转壳3、多个叶片4、转子5、转动支撑6等各个元件，7是介质的进口组件，8是介质的出口组件。
图15是气动泵的主体结构，图16显示了气动泵的容腔大小变化过程，同时显示介质进口和出口的结构。
如图16所示，进气口组件7由一个滚动凸轮7-1-2、一个进气滑阀7-2-2和滑阀外壳7-3-2组成。滚动凸轮7-1-2的内廓形是一个圆，底部设置一盘滚动轴承，轴承中心相对转壳的中心有一个左右的偏心，是滑阀打开闭合的命令元件；滑阀7-2-2外端是球形触头，触头顶住凸轮，内端是蝶形结构，与滑阀外壳配合起密封作用，滑阀是密封的执行元件，执行凸轮的命令在一定的范围上下滑移，在一定的角度封闭或进气；滑阀外壳7-3-2安装在动壳3上，起定位、进气、支撑滑阀、与滑阀配合在一起密封的作用。每一个容腔都安装一个进口组件，凸轮7-1-2由于有偏心的存在，在RQ1、RQ2、RQ3、RQ4、RQ5的位置与滑阀接触，这时滑阀打开，在RQ6、RQ7、RQ8、RQ9、RQ10的位置与滑阀不接触，滑阀在离心力和气压的作用下封闭。
每一个容腔还设置一个或多个出口组件8。出口组件8由钢球8-1-2、阀体8-2-2组成。出口组件8是一个单向阀，设置在转子的底面，当容腔的压力大于转子中心的高压气压力时，阀门打开；反之，闭合。
对于用作泵的能量转换装置，要求转子5和转壳3之间在间隙最小的位置是接触的，需要在接触点保持密封。
泵的工作原理如下：参加图16，以RQ1为指定容腔，当该容腔运行到RQ2、RQ3、RQ4、RQ5位置时，容腔的容积增大，这时环境的气压大于容腔的压力，环境向容腔进风；当位于泵的RQ6、RQ7、RQ8、RQ9、RQ10的位置时，进气阀闭合，机械能推动叶片，使容腔容积减小，介质压缩，压力增高，当介质的压力高于转子中的气体压力后， 单向阀打开，容腔的高压介质排向转子中心，转子中心的高压介质输出泵后成为高压气源。
该结构的泵转化气体的数量大、压力高，由于容腔向气源压缩介质时容积小，所以容腔中的高压介质向高压气源排气干净，另外，相比汽轮机的压气机，该泵还可以适应转化气液两项介质。
实施例4
用作气动马达的叶片式能量转换装置
图17、图18是用作马达的能量转换装置(以下称为马达)结构及工作原理图，图19和图20是另一种马达的原理图。图中包括了外壳1、转动支撑件2、转壳3、多个叶片4、转子5、转动支撑6等各个元件，7是介质的进口组件，8是介质的出口组件。
先看第一种马达，图17是这种马达的主体结构，图18是容腔的变化图和进口组件7、出口组件8的结构图。
参见图17，由于能量转换装置与容腔接触的六个表面都是随容腔一起运动的，所以马达的进口、出口设置困难。图17所示的主体结构与原结构已有所变异，变异的位置在:原来的动壳是一体结构，现在变异后分成左右两个，两个转壳通过轴承分别安装在外壳上，而两个动壳中间部分，则使外壳加入占据了原动壳的部分位置，这样外壳就直接与容腔接触，这样其优点是外壳直接与容腔接触，使进气排气方便，其缺点是与容腔接触的表面不全随容腔转动，带来一些不利因素。
马达的工作过程参见图18，在外壳上直接设置进口7和出口8，由于外壳直接与容腔接触，所以进气出气直接进行。以RQ1为指定容腔，演示一下做功的过程。高压介质从进口7直接进入RQ1，转子叶片逆时针转动，该容腔转动到RQ2——RQ9的位置时，容腔的容积增加，介质膨胀推动叶片做功，输出机械能，到达容腔RQ10——RQ17的位置时，低压介质直接从出口8排出马达。该结构也可用于泵中，只要将进口和出口对调即可。
再看第二种马达，图19是这种马达的主体结构，图20显示了马达的容腔大小变化过程，同时显示介质进口和出口的结构。
参见图20，这种结构的马达转子中的中心孔接高压气源，外壳和转壳之间的空间与环境的气态相通。进口组件7安装在转子凹槽底部的圆上，进口组件7包括滑阀7-1-3，气道7-2-3。滑阀7-1-3与气道7-2-3配合相当于一个单向阀。滑阀7-1-3是一个T形结构，T形侧面有过气间隙，其底部的凸台伸出到转子的凹槽底部外圆之外；气道7-2-3相当一 个T形孔，T形孔与转子中心孔的气源相连。滑阀7-1-3的T形结构安装在气道7-2-3的T形孔中，当两个T形的台阶接触时密封，台阶有间隙时进气。滑阀7-1-3安装在转子上的气道7-2-3上，其旋转中心与转子同心，由于转子与转壳偏心，滑阀7-1-3亦与转壳偏心。滑阀7-1-3跟随转子转动，由于偏心必然与转壳有远有近。当滑阀7-1-3位于与外壳距离较远的时候，高压气源的压力大于容腔的压力，另外转动中的滑阀有离心力，在上述两个力的共同作用下单向阀截止；当转动到滑阀7-1-3与动壳较近的位置时，动壳象凸轮一样压缩滑阀7-1-3的凸台，使滑阀7-1-3的台阶与气道7-2-3的孔台阶打开，转子内的高压气源向容腔中进气。
出口组件8由一个滚动凸轮8-1-3、一个排气滑阀8-2-3和滑阀外壳8-3-3组成。滚动凸轮8-1-3的内廓形是一个圆，底部设置一盘滚动轴承，轴承中心相对转壳的中心有一个左右的偏心，是滑阀打开闭合的命令元件。滑阀8-2-3外端是球形触头，触头与凸轮接触，内端是蝶形结构，与滑阀外壳配合起密封作用。滑阀是密封的执行元件，执行凸轮的命令在一定的范围上下滑移，在一定的角度封闭或排气。滑阀外壳8-3-3安装在动壳3上，起定位、进气、支撑滑阀、与滑阀配合在一起密封的作用。每一个容腔都安装一个出口组件，凸轮8-1-3由于有偏心的存在，在RQ1、RQ2、RQ3、RQ4、RQ5的位置与滑阀不接触，滑阀在离心力和气压的作用下封闭；在RQ6、RQ7、RQ8、RQ9、RQ10的位置与滑阀接触，这时凸轮顶起滑阀打开。
马达的工作过程参见图20，以RQ1为指定容腔，演示一下做功的过程。进口7在图20的RQ10、RQ1位置，滑阀7-2-3与转壳接触，进口7打开，转子中心的高压气体进入容腔。容腔逆时针转动，到达RQ2位置滑阀7-2-3与转壳离开，进气口封闭，至RQ2、RQ3、RQ4、RQ5的位置，容腔内的介质膨胀，推动叶片做功。当达到RQ6、RQ7、RQ8、RQ9的位置时，凸轮8-1-3与滑阀8-2-3接触，排气阀8打开，容腔向外放气。
使用本专利技术的马达，转换的高压介质数量大，压力高，转换气液混合相的介质不影响马达的性能。与汽轮机相比，转换相同压力和流量的气液介质，设备的体积和制造成本成倍减小。具有巨大的经济效益和社会效益。
实施例5
用作液压泵和液压马达的叶片式能量转换装置
图21、图22是用作液压泵和液压马达的叶片式能量转换装置的结构图及工作原理图，图中包括了外壳1、转动支撑件2、转壳3、多个叶片4、转子5、转动支撑6等各个元件，7是介质的进口，8是介质的出口。
图21是泵和马达的主体结构，包括容腔的进口7和出口8，图22是容腔的变化图，包括与容腔相通的配油盘的结构图。
进口7和出口8分别和半圆形的配油盘相连，配油盘通过油孔与容腔相连。
由于液体相对不可压缩，液压的泵和马达与气体有本质的不同。容腔容积增大和缩小时该区域的容腔必须分别与进口或出口相连，即所有容腔容积增大的区域液体的压力相同，所有容腔容积缩小的区域容腔的压力相同。
泵的工作原理参见图22所示，RQ2、RQ3与进口7相连，是进低压液体状态；RQ5、RQ6与出口8相连，是排油状态。在图示的瞬间RQ1和RQ4正好是容积不变，既不进液也不出液，但稍微转动超过该特殊点RQ1就与进口7相连，RQ4就与出口8相连。机械能带动转子、叶片逆时针转动，压缩RQ4位置的介质，使液体的压力增高，到达RQ5和RQ6的位置就是高压介质了，高压介质通过油孔、配油盘、出口8排出油泵。即泵使机械能转为了高压介质能。
如果进口7输入高压介质，出口8排出低压介质，那么高压介质在转子和转壳间隙大的一侧推动叶片转动，叶片推动转子输出机械能，该装置就是马达了。
采用本专利技术的液压泵和马达，外形体积比现有产品成倍减小，容积效率有所增高。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
工业实用性
根据本发明实施例所提供的叶片式能量转换装置以及根据其进行变型得到的发动机、马达、泵可应用于能量转换领域，尤其适用于各种动力机械场景，能够有效提高高压介质能和机械能之间的转换效率，降低加工成本，减小体积。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种能量转换装置，包括外壳、转子、多个叶片、介质进口和出口，转子转动连接在外壳上，其特征在于：
    还包括位于外壳和转子之间的转壳，转壳与外壳通过转动支撑件转动连接；
    转子侧面圆周形成凹槽，多个叶片沿圆周方向分布在转子凹槽内，且每个叶片沿转子径向设置；
    转子回转中心与，转壳和转动支撑件的回转中心相互偏心设置；
    相邻两个叶片、所述凹槽的底和侧壁、以及转壳内表面构成容腔，从而使得整个能量转换装置具有多个大小不同的容腔。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种能量转换装置，其特征在于：转子凹槽内沿转子径向形成多个径向滑槽，叶片分别安装在滑槽中，能够沿转子径向方向移动。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种能量转换装置，其特征在于：叶片外侧具有凹形开口，转壳部分或全部置于上述凹形开口中。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种能量转换装置，其特征在于：转壳部分或全部设置在转子的凹槽内并与之相配合。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种能量转换装置，其特征在于：转壳、转子和叶片相互之间均采用气密性接触。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种能量转换装置，其特征在于：转子转动时，叶片沿转子的滑槽移动，其外侧始终压合在转壳内表面，叶片外侧横截面为圆弧形，与转壳的内圆相切，并随转子与转壳的关系往复移动。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种能量转换装置，其特征在于：转子分成多个部分连接构成或一体成型。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的一种能量转换装置，其特征在于：介质进口和出口设置在转壳圆周面、转子圆周面、或转子侧面上。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种能量转换装置，其特征在于：通过转子中心油池和/或介质进口向容腔加入润滑的油，油作用在叶片的端面，使容腔在高压下仍能保证叶片与转壳压合，并使转壳、叶片、和/或转子之间的运动副存在油进行密封。
  10. 如权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的能量转换装置，其特征在于：该能量转换装置为发动机，其中介质进口为进气阀组件，介质出口为出气阀组件；进气阀组件和排气阀组件位于形成容腔的转子凹槽的侧壁上。
  11. 如权利要求10中任意一项所述的能量转换装置，其特征在于：外壳内侧面具有 环形凸轮，进气侧凸轮驱动进气阀组件进气；排气侧凸轮驱动排气阀组件排气。
  12. 使用如权利要求11所述的能量转换装置的能量转换方法，其特征在于：在容积较大的几个容腔中的一个或多个中进行换气，换气的过程是先打开排气阀进行排气，稍后打开进气阀进行进气，经过换气后排气阀和进气阀先后或同时封闭；容腔的容积变小的过程是对燃气的压缩过程；在容腔达到最小时点火爆发；然后容腔的容积变大，气体膨胀对外做功。
  13. 如权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的能量转换装置，其特征在于：介质进口位于每个容腔中转子凹槽底部；介质出口位于转壳上。
  14. 如权利要求1-9，13任意一项所述的能量转换装置，其特征在于：介质进口的控制阀包括T形阀和T形孔道；T形孔道是转子上凹槽底面加工的孔与中心气源相连，T形阀安装在T形孔道中靠接触的台阶密封，该T形阀的凸台高于转子凹槽的内表面；位于转子与转壳的接近点时转壳压触T形阀的凸台，使T形阀滑动，进口控制阀打开，位于远离点时，转壳与T形阀的凸台不接触，进口控制阀作为单向阀截止。
  15. 如权利要求1-9，13-14任意一项所述的能量转换装置，其特征在于：介质出口包括出口滑阀，出口滑阀与位于外壳内壁圆周的凸轮相配合，满足以下要求：由于偏心，凸轮在一些位置与出口滑阀接触，导致滑阀打开，实现排气；凸轮在另一些位置与出口滑阀不接触，由于气压和离心力作用，导致滑阀关闭。
  16. 如权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的能量转换装置，其特征在于：该能量转换装置为马达或泵，其中转壳分成两部分，分别安装在外壳左右两侧的转动支撑件上，其内圆表面与外壳的内圆表面一起形成容腔的一个表面。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的能量转换装置，其特征在于：容积空间容积最小时对应的外壳上具有介质进口；容积空间容积从大变小的半圈对应的外壳上具有介质出口。
  18. 如权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的能量转换装置，其特征在于：该能量转换装置为泵，介质的进口设置在转壳上，介质的出口设置在转子上，出口的结构是单向阀且与高压气源相连；泵转动，在容腔容积增大部位进口打开容腔吸气，单向阀截止，在容腔容积减小部位进口封闭，单向阀亦截止，容腔压缩介质使介质压力增高，直至容腔压力高于气源压力，单向阀打开，容腔中的介质进入气源。
PCT/CN2014/088593 2013-10-21 2014-10-14 一种能量转换装置 WO2015058635A1 (zh)

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US343709A (en) * 1886-06-15 Grain-binder
DE3014795A1 (de) * 1980-02-21 1981-08-27 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Roma Fluegelzellenpumpe
CN2439546Y (zh) * 2000-09-27 2001-07-18 刘帅 偏心式转子发动机
CN201003414Y (zh) * 2007-01-08 2008-01-09 徐忠 一种气动马达
CN102465876A (zh) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-23 沈广邦 一种内转子泵
CN103498727A (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-08 宋振才 叶片式发动机
CN103527253A (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-22 宋振才 一种能量转换装置
CN103527252A (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-22 宋振才 一种叶片式能量转换装置
CN203515794U (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-04-02 宋振才 叶片式发动机
CN203515678U (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-04-02 宋振才 一种叶片式能量转换装置
CN203515679U (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-04-02 宋振才 一种能量转换装置

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US343709A (en) * 1886-06-15 Grain-binder
DE3014795A1 (de) * 1980-02-21 1981-08-27 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Roma Fluegelzellenpumpe
CN2439546Y (zh) * 2000-09-27 2001-07-18 刘帅 偏心式转子发动机
CN201003414Y (zh) * 2007-01-08 2008-01-09 徐忠 一种气动马达
CN102465876A (zh) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-23 沈广邦 一种内转子泵
CN103498727A (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-08 宋振才 叶片式发动机
CN103527253A (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-22 宋振才 一种能量转换装置
CN103527252A (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-22 宋振才 一种叶片式能量转换装置
CN203515794U (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-04-02 宋振才 叶片式发动机
CN203515678U (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-04-02 宋振才 一种叶片式能量转换装置
CN203515679U (zh) * 2013-10-21 2014-04-02 宋振才 一种能量转换装置

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