WO2015055051A1 - 基于iso7637的电子控制模块瞬态传导抗干扰性能检测方法 - Google Patents

基于iso7637的电子控制模块瞬态传导抗干扰性能检测方法 Download PDF

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WO2015055051A1
WO2015055051A1 PCT/CN2014/085343 CN2014085343W WO2015055051A1 WO 2015055051 A1 WO2015055051 A1 WO 2015055051A1 CN 2014085343 W CN2014085343 W CN 2014085343W WO 2015055051 A1 WO2015055051 A1 WO 2015055051A1
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control module
electronic control
interference
pulse
load
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PCT/CN2014/085343
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English (en)
French (fr)
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危波
彭能岭
李振山
王永秋
李钰锐
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郑州宇通客车股份有限公司
危波
彭能岭
李振山
王永秋
李钰锐
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Publication of WO2015055051A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015055051A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/001—Measuring interference from external sources to, or emission from, the device under test, e.g. EMC, EMI, EMP or ESD testing
    • G01R31/002—Measuring interference from external sources to, or emission from, the device under test, e.g. EMC, EMI, EMP or ESD testing where the device under test is an electronic circuit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of automobile electronics, and relates to a transient conduction anti-interference detection method of an electronic control module based on IS07637.
  • the power source for automotive electronics is a battery or generator.
  • the output voltage of the battery or generator is very unstable due to temperature, operating conditions and other conditions. When the engine is running and the generator is delivering current to the power line of the car, the battery is suddenly disconnected. This condition is called “load dumping” and produces the most severe inrush current.
  • automotive systems that use electromagnetic loads such as fuel injection valves, motors, electrical and hydrolysis controllers introduce ESD, spike noise, and several transient and surge voltages into the power and signal lines.
  • IS07637 According to the international standard IS07637, the immunity requirements of automotive electronic equipment on power lines and signal control lines, IS07637-2 specifies typical pulses on five power lines, and IS07637-3 specifies two types of fast pulse and slow pulse. pulse.
  • Pulse 1 is used to simulate the transient interference generated by parallel inductive load during power failure, such as turning off the light or electric horn.
  • Pulse 2a simulates the transient interference caused by the sudden disconnection of a parallel load during normal operation, which is a positive pulse interference with faster speed and less energy.
  • Pulse 2b simulates the moment when the ignition is cut off, the DC motor becomes the generator, and the resulting transient phenomenon is a low-speed and high-energy pulse interference.
  • Pulse 3a/3b simulates the interference generated during the closing and opening of various switches and is a series of high-speed, low-energy small bursts.
  • Pulse 4 simulates the voltage drop caused by the start of a large current load on the vehicle.
  • Pulse 5 simulates the large energy pulse interference caused by the load dump.
  • the magnitude of the load dump depends on the disconnection of the battery when the generator is connected.
  • the rotational speed and the excitation field strength of the generator, the throwing load pulse width mainly depends on the time constant of the excitation circuit and the pulse amplitude.
  • the possible causes of throwing load are: Deliberate disconnection from the battery due to cable corrosion, poor contact, or when the engine is running.
  • the load dump When there is an alternator with non-concentrated load dump suppression, the load dump generates a pulse 5a; when an alternator with concentrated load dump suppression, the load dump generates a pulse 5b; the pulse 5a is a pulse with a high peak energy and a pulse 5b
  • the interference waveform after partial suppression is performed on the basis of the pulse 5a.
  • the two types of pulse generation principle in IS07637-3 are: Fast pulse is used to simulate the interference generated during the switching action.
  • the degree of pulse interference is affected by the distributed capacitance and inductance on the wire harness.
  • the resulting interference such as cooling fan motor, air compressor, etc.
  • the electronic control module test conducts the conduction anti-interference test of the electronic control module power line according to IS07637-2, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the existing tests do not consider the high-energy interference pulse existing on the signal control line when the electronic control module drives a large inductive load in the actual system, which also causes the electronic control module to fail.
  • the electronic control module adopts negative control, and the triode is turned off by the pulse control signal to drive the inductive load.
  • the wiring harness between the negative end of the inductive load and the electronic control module is called the control signal line.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting transient anti-interference of an electronic control module based on IS07637, to solve the problem that the existing method conducts conducted anti-interference test on the power line and the signal control line, regardless of the driving sensibility of the module in the actual system.
  • the load causing high-energy interference pulses on the signal control line, causes the electronic control module to fail.
  • the electronic control unit controls the triode to turn off the large inductive load through the pulse signal, the large inductive load will be similar due to the fluctuation of the large inductive load power supply.
  • the high-voltage and high-energy pulse on the IS07637-2 power line can be coupled into the electronic control module through the connecting harness. Therefore, the electronic module control signal line and its driving load are conducted with the pulse 2a, 3b and 5a of IS07637-2. Assess, the interference injection point is as close as possible to the large inductive load, avoiding energy loss on the wiring harness.
  • the steps of the present invention based on the IS07637 electronic control module transient conduction anti-interference detection method are as follows:
  • the interference pulse generator is injected into the pulses 2a, 3b and 5a of IS07637-2 from the injection point;
  • the oscilloscope detects the electronic control module to control the signal line voltage interference value and the load operating current, and compares the detected value with the voltage and operating current without interference to determine whether it is qualified.
  • the injection point in the step (1) is: a DC power supply is connected in series with an inductive load and an electronic control module, the electronic control module controls the triode to turn off by a pulse control signal to drive the inductive load, and the oscilloscope samples the signal output of the connected pulse control signal.
  • the inductive load and the electronic control module form a series line, and the interference beam injection point is disposed on the wire harness between the DC power source and the series line.
  • the transient voltage and operating current detected by the oscilloscope on the control signal line also increase nonlinearly with the increase of the interference voltage; and the ability of different electronic components to withstand instantaneous high voltage and large current is Differences, through the above comparison, can draw the extreme voltage and current that the electronic module can withstand.
  • the applied interference pulse reaches a certain level, the transient voltage and the operating current exceed the tolerance of the internal triode and the resistance of the electronic module, which will cause the module control function to fail.
  • the transient conduction anti-interference detection method of the electronic control module based on IS07637 is a supplement and perfection of the traditional electromagnetic interference test method, and the reliability of the electronic control module in the actual working system can be enhanced by the method.
  • Figure 1 is a simplified diagram of the IS07637-2 power line conducted interference test
  • Figure 2 is a simplified diagram of the IS07637-3 control signal line conducted interference test
  • Figure 3 is a simplified diagram of the conducted anti-interference test for the control signal line and its drive load.
  • a DC power supply is connected to a large inductive load and an electronic control module.
  • the internal control transistor of the electronic control module is controlled by a pulse control signal to drive a large inductive load, and each of the lines to be detected is respectively provided with an interference pulse power line injection.
  • the power line injection point refers to the interference pulse injection point set on the power supply harness of the DC power supply to the electronic control module, as shown in FIG. 1; the control signal line injection point refers to the negative end of the large inductive load and the electronic control module.
  • the steps of the IS07637-based electronic control module for transient conduction anti-interference detection are as follows: 1. As shown in Figure 1, the IS07637-2 power cable (5 types) is implemented for the electronic module in combination with the actual harness connection and load conditions of the system in which the faulty module is located. Typical pulse) conducted anti-interference test, the module works normally before and after the interference is applied. 2. As shown in Figure 2, combined with the actual harness connection and load conditions of the system where the faulty module is located, the IS07637-3 control signal line anti-interference test is performed on the electronic module, and the CCC capacitive coupling method is used for fast pulse test. The ICC current clamp is used. The coupling mode is used for the slow pulse test, and the module can work normally before and after the interference is applied.
  • the IS07637-2 power cable (5 types) is implemented for the electronic module in combination with the actual harness connection and load conditions of the system in which the faulty module is located. Typical pulse) conducted anti-interference test, the module works normally before and after the interference
  • the oscilloscope detects the electronic control module to control the signal line voltage interference value and the load operating current at this time, and compares the detected value with the voltage and operating current without interference.
  • the test proves that when there is transient voltage interference at the power terminal of the large inductive load, it can be collected by the oscilloscope, and the high-intensity interference pulse generated at the control signal line end of the electronic module when the large inductive load is working, the interference enters the electronic module through the connecting harness.
  • the control part causes breakdown or burnout of components such as transistors and resistors.
  • the method should be further evaluated on the basis of the traditional assessment to confirm whether the module can avoid the high energy pulse shock from the control signal line in the actual system. To ensure the reliability of the module work.

Abstract

一种基于ISO7637的电子控制模块瞬态传导抗干扰性能检测方法，适用于通过IGBT对大感性负载进行负控的电子模块，先根据电子控制模块所应用系统的实际线束连接及负载情况搭建测试环境，然后分别对电源线、控制信号线及控制信号线驱动负载进行测试。该方法是对传统电磁干扰测试方法的一种补充和完善，可增强电子控制模块在实际工作系统中的可靠性。

Description

说明书
基于 IS07637的电子控制模块瞬态传导抗干扰性能检测方法
技术领域
本发明属于汽车电子技术领域， 涉及一种基于 IS07637的电子控制模块瞬 态传导抗干扰检测方法。
背景技术
汽车电子产品的电源是电池或发电机， 由于受到温度、 工况和其他条件的 影响， 电池或发电机的输出电压很不稳定。 当引擎正在运转， 发电机正向汽 车的电源线输送电流时， 电池突然断开， 这种情况被称为 "抛负载"， 会产 生最严重的浪涌电流。 此外， 使用燃油喷射阀、 电机、 电和水解控制器等电 磁负载的汽车系统会把 ESD、尖峰噪声和几种瞬态和浪涌电压引入到电源和信 号线中。
根据国际标准 IS07637对汽车电子设备在电源线和信号控制线的抗扰度要 求， IS07637-2中规定了 5种电源线上的典型脉冲， IS07637-3中规定了快脉 冲和慢脉冲两种典型脉冲。
IS07637-2中 5类典型脉冲产生原理： 脉冲 1用来模拟并联的感性负载在 断电时所产生的瞬态干扰， 如关灯或电喇叭等操作。 脉冲 2a模拟正常工作时 某一并联负载突然断开产生的瞬变干扰， 属于速度偏快和能量较小的正脉冲 干扰。 脉冲 2b模拟点火被切断的瞬间， 直流电动机变成发电机工作， 并由此 所产生的瞬变现象， 属于低速和高能量的脉冲干扰。 脉冲 3a/3b模拟各种开 关闭合和打开过程中所产生的干扰， 是一系列高速、 低能量的小脉冲群。 脉 冲 4模拟车上大电流负载启动所造成的电压跌落现象。 脉冲 5则模拟抛负载 引起的大能量脉冲干扰， 抛负载的幅度取决于断开蓄电池连接时， 发电机的 转速和发电机的励磁场强的大小， 抛负载脉冲宽度主要取决于励磁电路的时 间常数和脉冲幅度。 抛负载可能产生的原因是： 因电缆腐蚀、 接触不良或发 动机正在运转时， 有意断开与电池的连接。 当具有非集中抛负载抑制的交流 发电机时， 抛负载产生脉冲 5a; 当具有集中抛负载抑制的交流发电机时， 抛 负载产生脉冲 5b; 脉冲 5a为尖峰高能量大的脉冲， 脉冲 5b为脉冲 5a的基础 上进行部分抑制后的干扰波形。
IS07637-3中两类脉冲产生原理： 快脉冲用来模拟开关动作过程中产生的 干扰， 脉冲干扰程度受线束上的分布电容和电感的影响； 慢脉冲模拟电路中 大的感性负载突然断开时产生的干扰， 比如散热风扇电机、 空压机等。 目前， 对电子控制模块测试分别按 IS07637-2对电子控制模块电源线进行 传导抗干扰测试， 如图 1所示； 按 IS07637-3对电子控制模块控制信号线进 行传导抗干扰测试， 如图 2 所示。 现有的测试均未考虑电子控制模块在实际 系统中的驱动大感性负载情况下， 信号控制线上存在的高能量干扰脉冲， 同 样会导致电子控制模块功能失效。 电子控制模块采用负控， 通过脉冲控制信 号控制三极管关断来驱动感性负载， 感性负载负端与电子控制模块之间的线 束我们称为控制信号线， 当感性负载电源正端耦合干扰时， 该负载工作过程 中会在该控制信号线上产生高能量干扰脉冲， 并通过线束传导对模块的控制 部分造成冲击， 甚至导致模块控制功能失效。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种基于 IS07637的电子控制模块瞬态传导抗干扰检 测方法， 以解决现有方法对电源线和信号控制线进行传导抗干扰测试不考虑 模块在实际系统中的驱动大感性负载， 造成信号控制线上存在的高能量干扰 脉冲导致电子控制模块功能失效的问题。 在实际系统中， 当电子控制部件通过脉冲信号控制三极管关断来驱动大感 性负载的情况下， 由于大感性负载供电电源的波动， 大感性负载会产生类似
IS07637-2电源线上的高电压大能量脉冲，且能通过连接线束耦合进入电子控 制模块， 故采用 IS07637-2中脉冲 2a、 3b和 5a对电子模块控制信号线及其 驱动负载进行传导抗干扰考核， 干扰注入点尽量靠近大感性负载， 避免线束 上的能量损耗。
为实现上述目的， 本发明基于 IS07637的电子控制模块瞬态传导抗干扰检 测方法的步骤如下：
( 1 ) 干扰脉冲发生器从注入点注入 IS07637-2的 2a、 3b和 5a脉冲；
( 2 ) 示波器检测电子控制模块控制信号线电压干扰值及负载工作电流， 并将检测值与无干扰时的电压和工作电流进行对比， 以确定是否合格。
所述步骤 （1 ) 中的注入点是： 直流电源上串接感性负载与电子控制模块， 电子控制模块是通过脉冲控制信号控制三极管关断来驱动感性负载， 示波器 采样连接脉冲控制信号的信号输出端； 感性负载与电子控制模块构成串联线 路， 直流电源与该串联线路之间的线束上设有干扰脉冲注入点。
施加不同的干扰电压时， 示波器在控制信号线上检测的瞬态电压及工作电 流也随着干扰电压的增大， 呈非线性增长； 而不同的电子元器件承受瞬间高 压及大电流的能力有差异， 通过上述对比， 可得出电子模块能承受的极端电 压和电流。 当施加的干扰脉冲达到一定等级时， 瞬态电压和工作电流超出了 电子模块内部三极管和电阻的承受能力， 就会导致模块控制功能失效。 本发明基于 IS07637的电子控制模块瞬态传导抗干扰检测方法是对传统电 磁干扰测试方法的一种补充和完善， 通过该方法， 可增强电子控制模块在实 际工作系统中的可靠性。
附图说明
图 1是 IS07637-2电源线传导干扰测试简图；
图 2是 IS07637-3控制信号线传导干扰测试简图；
图 3是对控制信号线及其驱动负载进行传导抗干扰测试简图。
具体实施方式 检测系统： 直流电源上并接大感性负载与电子控制模块， 通过脉冲控制信 号控制电子控制模块内部三极管关断来驱动大感性负载， 各待检测线路上分 别对应设干扰脉冲电源线注入点、 控制信号线注入点、 电源负载注入点， 其 中在进行电源负载注入点试验时， 使用示波器采集控制信号线上的电压和电 流参数。
电源线注入点是指直流电源向电子控制模块供电的供电线束上设置的干 扰脉冲注入点， 如图 1 中所示注入点； 控制信号线注入点是指大感性负载负 端与电子控制模块的串接线束上设置的干扰脉冲注入点， 如图 2 中所示注入 点； 电源负载注入点是指直流电源正与大感性负载连接线束上设置的干扰脉 冲注入点， 如图 3所示注入点。
基于 IS07637的电子控制模块瞬态传导抗干扰检测方法的步骤如下： 1. 如图 1 所示， 结合故障模块所在系统的实际线束连接及负载情况， 对 电子模块开展 IS07637-2电源线（5种典型脉冲）传导抗干扰测试， 模块在干 扰施加前和去除后均能正常工作。 2. 如图 2所示， 结合故障模块所在系统的实际线束连接及负载情况， 对 电子模块开展 IS07637-3控制信号线抗干扰测试， 采用 CCC电容耦合的方式 进行快脉冲测试， 采用 ICC电流箝耦合方式进行慢脉冲测试， 模块在干扰施 加前和去除后均能正常工作。
3. 如图 3 所示， 结合模块所在系统的实际线束连接及负载情况， 依据 IS07637-2中 Pulse2a、 3b、 和 5a， 对电子模块控制信号线及其驱动负载进行 传导抗干扰考核， 试验脉冲相关参数和试验要求如表 1所示。
示波器检测电子控制模块控制信号线电压干扰值及此时的负载工作电流， 并将该检测值与无干扰时的电压和工作电流进行比对。
表 1 试验脉冲相关参数及试验要求
Figure imgf000007_0001
试验证明， 当大感性负载电源端存在瞬态电压干扰时， 通过示波器可采集 到， 大感性负载工作时在电子模块控制信号线端产生的高能量干扰脉冲， 该 干扰通过连接线束进入电子模块的控制部分， 导致三极管和电阻等元器件的 击穿或烧毁。
综上所述， 在电子模块采用类似控制原理和系统连接时， 应在传统考核的 基础上， 进一步采用本方法进行考核， 确认模块在实际系统中是否能避免来 自控制信号线的高能量脉冲冲击， 从而保证模块工作的可靠性。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 基于 IS07637的电子控制模块瞬态传导抗干扰检测方法，其 特征在于， 该方法的步骤如下：
( 1 ) 干扰脉冲发生器从注入点注入 IS07637-2的 2a、 3b和 5a脉 冲；
( 2 )示波器检测电子控制模块控制信号线电压干扰值及负载工作 电流， 并将检测值与无干扰时的电压和工作电流进行对比， 以确定是 否合格。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的基于 IS07637的电子控制模块瞬态传 导抗干扰检测方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤 （1 ) 中的注入点是： 直 流电源上串接感性负载与电子控制模块，电子控制模块是通过脉冲控 制信号控制三极管关断来驱动感性负载，示波器采样连接脉冲控制信 号的信号输出端； 感性负载与电子控制模块构成串联线路， 直流电源 与该串联线路之间的线束上设有干扰脉冲注入点。
PCT/CN2014/085343 2013-10-14 2014-08-27 基于iso7637的电子控制模块瞬态传导抗干扰性能检测方法 WO2015055051A1 (zh)

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