WO2015054976A1 - 布瑞哌唑、其关键中间体及其盐的制备方法 - Google Patents

布瑞哌唑、其关键中间体及其盐的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2015054976A1
WO2015054976A1 PCT/CN2014/000921 CN2014000921W WO2015054976A1 WO 2015054976 A1 WO2015054976 A1 WO 2015054976A1 CN 2014000921 W CN2014000921 W CN 2014000921W WO 2015054976 A1 WO2015054976 A1 WO 2015054976A1
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acid
group
sodium
potassium
reaction
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PCT/CN2014/000921
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘正
吴春晖
柳永建
张容霞
何洋
田广辉
沈敬山
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苏州旺山旺水生物医药有限公司
上海特化医药科技有限公司
中国科学院上海药物研究所
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Application filed by 苏州旺山旺水生物医药有限公司, 上海特化医药科技有限公司, 中国科学院上海药物研究所 filed Critical 苏州旺山旺水生物医药有限公司
Priority to US15/030,331 priority Critical patent/US10100044B2/en
Priority to EP14854084.2A priority patent/EP3059237A1/en
Priority to JP2016548404A priority patent/JP6188960B2/ja
Priority to CN201480039363.4A priority patent/CN105473579B/zh
Publication of WO2015054976A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015054976A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/12Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D333/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D333/50Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D333/52Benzo[b]thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo[b]thiophenes
    • C07D333/54Benzo[b]thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo[b]thiophenes with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D333/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D333/50Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D333/52Benzo[b]thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo[b]thiophenes
    • C07D333/62Benzo[b]thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo[b]thiophenes with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D333/68Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
    • C07D333/70Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen attached in position 2

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicinal chemistry, and particularly relates to a preparation method of bupreazole and its analogues, key intermediates and salts thereof, and to novel compounds provided in the preparation process.
  • Breproprazole (code: OPC-34712) is a new generation of antipsychotic drug candidate developed by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., which acts on multiple receptors and is a partial agonist of dopamine D2 receptor (improving positive and negative symptoms, Cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms), 5-HT2A receptor antagonist (improves negative symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, symptoms of depression, insomnia), ⁇ 1 adrenergic receptor antagonist (improves positive symptoms of schizophrenia), 5 - serotonin uptake/re-uptake inhibitor (improves depressive symptoms); at the same time, 5-HT1A partial agonist (anti-anxiety and anti-depressant activity) and 5-HT7 antagonist (body temperature, circadian rhythm, learning and memory, sleep) .
  • MDD major depressive disorder
  • phase III clinical trials for adjuvant treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) Phase III clinical trials for adjuvant treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in the United States and Europe; phase III clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia in the United States, Europe
  • Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. discloses a preparation route of brieprazole in PCT application WO2006112464A1, see Reaction Formula 1.
  • the difficulty of this route is that the first step reaction produces by-products which are difficult to separate, and it is difficult to obtain high purity by column chromatography. The intermediates thus affect the purity and yield of the final product brieprazole.
  • Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. discloses another preparation method of this reaction in PCT application WO2013015456A1. See Reaction Scheme 2, the reagents used in this route are relatively expensive, high in cost, environmentally unfriendly and unsuitable for industrial large-scale production.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a new, simple, high-yield, low-cost, environmentally friendly, industrially suitable mass production of bupreazole and its analogs, key intermediates and A method for preparing the salt thereof.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide novel compounds and salts thereof during the preparation process.
  • the present invention provides a compound of the formula I which has the following structure:
  • R is a C1 to C6 linear or branched alkyl group or a benzyl group; preferably, R is a C1 to C4 linear or branched alkyl group; most preferably, R is a methyl group, an ethyl group or a t-butyl group. base;
  • R 1 is Acylamino protecting group (eg formyl) , acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, haloacetyl, phthaloyl or alkoxycarbonyl-based amino protecting group (eg, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl);
  • the haloacetyl group is a fluoroacetyl group, a bromoacetyl group, a chloroacetyl group or an iodoacetyl group; preferably, R 1 is Formyl, acetyl and t-butoxycarbonyl;
  • the invention also provides a process for the preparation of the compound of formula I, which is represented by a compound of formula II and a thiol group.
  • the acetate reacts to form a compound of formula I, as shown in Reaction Scheme 3,
  • X is a halogen such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; and R and R 1 are the same as defined above for the compound of formula I;
  • a base specifically, an inorganic base (for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, sodium hydrogencarbonate, Potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium sulfide, sodium hydrogen, etc.) or an organic base (such as sodium alkoxide, potassium alkoxide, butyl lithium, 1,8-diaza heterocycle [5, 4 , 0] undecene-7 (DBU), pyridine, quinoline, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) or an organic amine, etc.
  • the sodium alkoxide may be sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, or propylene Sodium alkoxide, sodium isopropoxide, sodium n-butoxide, sodium t-butoxide, etc.
  • the potassium alkoxide may be potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide
  • the organic amine may be triethylamine, diethylamine, tri-n-butylamine, tripropylamine, diisopropylamine, diisopropylethylamine or the like.
  • the base may be an inorganic base.
  • Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydrogencarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium sulfide, sodium hydrogen, or sodium methoxide in an organic base Sodium alkoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, triethylamine, diethylamine, diisopropylamine or diisopropylethylamine;
  • a suitable solvent which is water, a C 1 -C 5 lower alcohol (for example, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, n-pentyl) Alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetonitrile, dioxane, One or more of N-methylpyrrolidone, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, etc., preferably, the solvent is water One or more of methanol, ethanol, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO),
  • the present invention also provides a compound of the formula III, which has the following structure:
  • R 1 is An acylamino protecting group (such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, haloacetyl, phthaloyl) or an alkoxycarbonyl amino protecting group (such as tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl), the haloacetyl group is a fluoroacetyl group, a bromoacetyl group, a chloroacetyl group or an iodoacetyl group;
  • R 1 is Formyl, acetyl or tert-butoxycarbonyl
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of the compound of the formula III, which is reacted with thioglycolic acid to form a compound of the formula III, which is represented by the reaction formula 4,
  • X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; and R 1 has the same meaning as defined above for the compound of formula I;
  • a base specifically, an inorganic base (for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, sodium hydrogencarbonate, Potassium hydrogencarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium sulfide, sodium hydrogen, etc.) or an organic base (such as sodium alkoxide, potassium alkoxide, butyl lithium, 1,8-diaza heterocycle [5, 4 , 0] undecene-7 (DBU), pyridine, quinoline, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) or an organic amine, etc.
  • the sodium alkoxide may be sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, or propylene Sodium alkoxide, sodium isopropoxide, sodium n-butoxide, sodium t-butoxide, etc.
  • the potassium alkoxide may be potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide
  • the organic amine may be triethylamine, diethylamine, tri-n-butylamine, tripropylamine, diisopropylamine, diisopropylethylamine or the like.
  • the base may be hydroxide in an inorganic base.
  • a suitable solvent which is water, a C 1 -C 5 lower alcohol (eg methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, positive Pentanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetonitrile, dioxane Or one or more of N-methylpyrrolidone, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, etc., preferably, the solvent is One of water, methanol, ethanol, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrofur
  • the invention also relates to the following compounds:
  • R 1 is an acylamino protecting group (such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, haloacetyl, phthaloyl) or a benzyloxycarbonyl group of an alkoxycarbonyl amino protecting group or a 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl group, the haloacetyl group being a fluoroacetyl group, a bromoacetyl group, a chloroacetyl group or an iodoacetyl group, preferably R 1 is a formyl group or an acetyl group;
  • the salt is selected from the group consisting of a hydrochloride, a sulfate, a phosphate, a nitrate, an acetate, a hydrobromide, a hydroiodide, a perchlorate, a trichloroacetate, and a trifluoroacetate.
  • a hydrochloride a sulfate, a phosphate, a nitrate, an acetate, a hydrobromide, a hydroiodide, a perchlorate, a trichloroacetate, and a trifluoroacetate.
  • the invention also provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula IV, which comprises the steps of obtaining a compound of formula IV by hydrolysis of a compound of formula I or a compound of formula III from formula II, and then decarboxylation to give a compound of formula IV, said method As shown in Reaction Scheme 5:
  • X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; and R 1 and R have the same meanings as defined above for the compound of formula I.
  • the present invention also provides a process for preparing a critical intermediate of bupreazole or a salt thereof, which is represented by the reaction formula 6:
  • R 1 is an acylamino protecting group (such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, haloacetyl, phthaloyl) or an alkoxycarbonyl amino protecting group (such as t-butoxycarbonyl) , benzyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl),
  • the haloacetyl group is a fluoroacetyl group, a bromoacetyl group, a chloroacetyl group or an iodoacetyl group, preferably R 1 is a formyl group, an acetyl group, Tert-butoxycarbonyl,
  • X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine;
  • R is a C1 to C6 linear or branched alkyl group, benzyl group; preferably, R is a C1 to C4 linear or branched alkyl group; more preferably, R is a methyl group, an ethyl group or a t-butyl group;
  • the compound of the formula III is obtained by hydrolysis of the compound of the formula I or the compound of the formula II by the reaction formula 4, followed by decarboxylation to give a compound of the formula IV, and finally the deamination protecting group to give a critical intermediate of brieprazole (a compound of the formula VI) or a salt thereof;
  • the compound of formula III is first deaminated to give a compound of formula V or a salt thereof, and then decarboxylated to give a compound of formula VI or a salt thereof;
  • the compound of formula III is subjected to a one-step reaction to simultaneously carry out the decarboxylation and deamination protecting groups to give a compound of formula VI or a salt thereof;
  • the compound of formula I is simultaneously hydrolyzed and deprotected under acidic conditions to form a compound of formula V or a salt thereof, which is then decarboxylated to provide a compound of formula VI or a salt thereof;
  • the salt of the compound of formula V and formula VI is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloride, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate
  • hydrochloride sulfate, phosphate, nitrate
  • an acid salt an acetate salt, a hydrobromide salt, a hydroiodide salt, a perchlorate salt, a trichloroacetate salt, and a trifluoroacetate salt
  • the above salt can be alkalized according to the need to obtain Formula V and a compound of formula VI.
  • the hydrolysis reaction may be carried out under acidic conditions, and the acid may be an organic acid or an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride gas, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, One or more of phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, perchloric acid, etc., but not limited to the above-mentioned acids; it can also be carried out in the presence of a base, more specifically, in an inorganic base.
  • the acid may be an organic acid or an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride gas, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, One or more of phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, perchloric acid, etc., but not limited to the above-mentioned acids; it can also be carried out in the presence of a base,
  • Potassium oxide or lithium hydroxide the hydrolysis is carried out in a suitable solvent, water, C 1 -C 5 lower alcohol (eg methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, iso Butanol, tert-butanol, n-pentanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide, two Sulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetonitrile, dioxane, morpholine, N-methylpyrrolidone, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, B One or more of diol monomethyl ether, etc., preferably, the solvent is one or more of water, methanol, ethanol, tetrahydro
  • the decarboxylation reaction can be carried out with or without a catalyst, and the catalyst can be selected from the group consisting of copper, chromite, cuprous oxide, copper oxide, chromium trioxide, cuprous bromide, cuprous chloride, chlorine.
  • the solvent for the decarboxylation reaction may be selected from the group consisting of quinoline, isoquinoline, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), quinoxaline, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diphenyl ether, biphenyl, ethylene glycol, and Ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dibut
  • the deamination protecting group is carried out in the presence of an acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride gas, Sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, perchloric acid, trichloroacetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid;
  • the reaction solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, dioxane, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol One or more of tert-butanol, diethyl ether, N-methylpyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, chloroform, N,N-dimethylformamide, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate or butyl acetate
  • the above acid may be used as a reaction solvent, without adding another solvent;
  • the reaction temperature is 0 ° C to 150 ° C,
  • the one-step reaction simultaneously carries out the decarboxylation and deamination protecting groups in the presence of an acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride gas, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, perchloric acid, One or more of trichloroacetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid;
  • the reaction solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, dioxane, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol, diethyl ether, N-methylpyrrolidone, One or more of tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, chloroform, N,N-dimethylformamide, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate or butyl acetate, or the above acid may be used as a reaction solvent.
  • reaction temperature is 0 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C, preferably room temperature ⁇ 100 ° C
  • reaction time is 0.5 ⁇ 24 hours, preferably 1 ⁇ 12 hours
  • R 1 is an alkoxycarbonyl amino protecting group (such as uncle In the case of butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl or 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl
  • the one-step reaction is carried out simultaneously with the decarboxylation and deamination protecting groups in the presence or absence of a catalyst which may be selected from the group consisting of copper and chromite.
  • Acid ketone cuprous oxide, copper oxide, chromium trioxide, Cuprous, cuprous chloride, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, copper carbonate, copper sulfate, basic copper carbonate, silver acetate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, 1,8-diaza heterocycle [5, One or more of 4,0]undecene-7 (DBU), 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN), alumina, preferably copper, sub One or more of chromic acid ketone, cuprous oxide, copper oxide, chromium trioxide, 1,8-diazacyclo[5,4,0]undecene-7 (DBU) or alumina; Or the reaction is carried out in the presence of silver carbonate and acetic acid; the solvent of the reaction may be selected from the group consisting of quinoline, isoquinoline, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), quinoxaline, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diphenyl ether
  • the acid is selected from an organic acid or an inorganic acid, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride gas, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, One or more of acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, perchloric acid, etc., but not limited to the above acid;
  • the reaction solvent is water, C 1 - C 5 lower alcohol (for example, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol) , isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, n-pentanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N , one of N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), t
  • DMF N,N-dimethylformamide
  • R 1 is selected from an acylamino protecting group (such as formyl ( ), acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, haloacetyl, phthaloyl or alkoxycarbonyl amino protecting group (eg, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)
  • an acylamino protecting group such as formyl ( ), acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, haloacetyl, phthaloyl or alkoxycarbonyl amino protecting group (eg, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)
  • R 1 is preferably a formyl group, an acetyl group and a tert-butoxycarbonyl group
  • the reagents are inexpensive, and the reaction conditions when the protecting groups are removed are mild, and under acidic conditions
  • the salt form of the compound of formula VI avoids the need for further salt formation due to base instability, reducing one-step reaction, and the entire deamination protecting group process does not require expensive reagents and special reaction equipment.
  • R 1 is a benzyl group is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,436,246, but the debenzylation reaction conditions are severe, requiring expensive palladium reagents and special reaction vessels, which are costly and dangerous.
  • the method of the invention has the advantages of simple operation, popularization of reagents, thereby saving synthesis cost, short production cycle, improved yield and product quality, and is suitable for mass production.
  • Example 1 The product of Example 1 (1.0 g, 2.5 mmol) was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL), 4N aqueous sodium hydroxide (1.8 mL, 7.2 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at 80 ° C for 3 h and cooled. Water (5 mL) and ethyl acetate (10 mL) were added at room temperature, and the aqueous phase was adjusted to pH 4.0 with 1N HCl at 0 ° C. The obtained solid was filtered and dried to give a pale yellow solid.
  • Example 2 The product of Example 2 (500 mg, 1.35 mmol), silver carbonate (40 mg, 0.135 mmol) and acetic acid (8 mg) were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (5 mL), heated to 120 ° C, and allowed to react overnight, cooled and filtered. Water was added thereto, extracted with ethyl acetate, concentrated, and subjected to column chromatography to give the object.
  • Example 3 The product of Example 3 (2 g, 6.2 mmol) was dissolved in dioxane (6 mL), and 4N HCl / dioxane solution (6 mL) was added, stirred for 3 h, then concentrated to dryness. The ethyl acetate was beaten and filtered to give the title compound (1.3 g, yield 95%).
  • Example 6 The product of Example 6 (1.0 g, 3.1 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (5 mL) and water (2 mL). Ethyl acetate (10 mL) was extracted and the aqueous phase was collected. The mixture was adjusted to pH ⁇ / RTI> with <RTIgt;</RTI>
  • Example 7 The product of Example 7 (1.0 g, 3.4 mmol), cuprous oxide (50 mg) was dissolved in quinoline (5 mL) and warmed to 140 ° C overnight. After cooling, it was filtered, EtOAc (EtOAc)EtOAc.EtOAc. Off-white solid (520 mg, yield 62%).
  • Example 8 The product of Example 8 (500 mg) was dissolved in dioxane (2 mL), and 4N HCl / dioxane solution (3 mL) was added and stirred for 3 h, then concentrated, dried and filtered with ethyl acetate. The target (470 mg, yield 90%) was obtained.
  • Example 10 The product of Example 10 (1.0 g, 3.0 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (5 mL) and water (2 mL). The ester (10 mL) was separated, and the aqueous phase was collected. The mixture was adjusted to pH 4.0 with 1N HCl aqueous solution at 0 ° C. The precipitated solid was filtered and dried to give a pale-yellow solid (820 mg, yield 90%).
  • Example 12 The product of Example 12 (1 g, 3.8 mmol) was dissolved in dioxane (6 mL), 4N HCl / dioxane (6 mL). Beating, filtration, product (870 mg, yield 90%).
  • Example 2 The product of Example 2 (500 mg, 1.38 mmol) was dissolved in quinoline (3 mL), cuprous oxide (20 mg) was added, and the mixture was heated to 140 ° C for 2 h. The temperature was further increased to 240 ° C for 3 h, cooled to room temperature, and filtered. Water was added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate.
  • 1 HNMR 300MHz, DMSO-d 6): ⁇ 8.74 (bs, 1H), 7.75 (d, 1H), 7.69 (d, 1H), 7.51 (d, 1H), 7.31 (t, 1H), 6.95 ( d, 1H), 3.24 (m, 8H).
  • Example 2 The product of Example 2 (200 mg, 0.55 mmol) was dissolved in THF (5 mL). After cooling, methyl tert-butyl ether (5 mL) was added, and the title compound (130 mg, yield: 79%) was obtained.
  • Example 20 The product of Example 20 (130 mg, 0.43 mmol) was taken in diphenyl ether (3 mL) and EtOAc After cooling, the target was obtained by filtration (60 mg, yield 55%).
  • Example 25 The product of Example 25 (400 mg, 0.83 mmol), silver carbonate (46 mg, 0.16 mmol) was dissolved in EtOAc (5 mL) and EtOAc. After cooling, water was added, and the mixture was combined with EtOAc EtOAc.
  • Example 17 The product of Example 17 (100 mg, 0.25 mmol) was dissolved in acetic acid (3 mL) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.5 In mL), stir at 100 ° C for 10 hours. The reaction solution was poured into ice water, stirred for 10 min, and filtered with suction to give the object (38 mg, yield 50%).

Abstract

本发明涉及布瑞哌唑及其类似物、关键中间体及其盐的制备方法,具体地,本发明涉及布瑞哌唑及其类似物、关键中间体及其盐的新的制备方法以及该制备方法中的重要中间体及其盐。所述制备方法的反应条件温和、中间体稳定、操作简便、试剂大众化,从而节省了合成成本,生产周期短,收率和产品质量都有提高,适于大规模生产。

Description

布瑞哌唑、其关键中间体及其盐的制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体涉及布瑞哌唑及其类似物、关键中间体及其盐的制备方法,还涉及制备过程中提供的新化合物。
背景技术
布瑞哌唑(Brexpiprazole,代号:OPC-34712)是大塚制药株式会社研发的新一代抗精神病候选药物,其作用于多个受体,是多巴胺D2受体部分激动剂(改善阳性和阴性症状,认知障碍及抑郁症状),5-HT2A受体拮抗剂(改善阴性症状,认知功能障碍,抑郁症的症状,失眠),α1肾上腺素受体拮抗剂(改善精神分裂症阳性症状),5-羟色胺摄取/再摄取抑制剂(改善抑郁症状);同时,又是5-HT1A部分激动剂(抗焦虑和抗抑郁活性)和5-HT7拮抗剂(体温,昼夜节律,学习和记忆,睡眠)。目前,在美国和欧洲进行作为辅助治疗重度抑郁症(MDD)的III期临床试验;在美国,欧洲和日本进行治疗精神分裂症的III期临床试验,同时,还在美国进行成人多动症的II期临床试验。
大塚制药株式会社在PCT申请WO2006112464A1中公开了布瑞哌唑的制备路线,见反应式1,该路线的难点在于第一步反应生成了不易分离的副产物,通过柱层析也不易得到高纯度的中间体,从而影响了终产品布瑞哌唑的纯度和收率。
反应式1:
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000001
随后,大塚制药株式会社在PCT申请WO2013015456A1中公开了这步反应的另一制备方法,见反应式2,该路线所用的试剂都比较昂贵,成本高,对环境不友好且不适合工业化大生产。
反应式2:
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000002
由于上述制备方法存在成本高,杂质多且不易分离等缺点,因此有必要寻找一条经济、实用、环保的新路线,以提高工艺稳定性,降低成本、提高产品质量。
发明内容
针对上述不足之处,本发明的一个目的是提供一种新的、操作简便、收率高、成本低、对环境友好、适合工业化大规模生产布瑞哌唑及其类似物、关键中间体及其盐的制备方法。
本发明的另一目的是提供制备过程中的新化合物及其盐。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了式I所示的化合物,结构如下:
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000003
其中,R为C1~C6的直链或支链烷基、苄基;优选地,R为C1~C4的直链或支链烷基;最优选地,R为甲基、乙基、叔丁基;
R1
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000004
酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基(
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000005
)、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基);所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;优选地,R1
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000006
甲酰基、乙酰基和叔丁氧羰基中;
本发明还提供了式I所示化合物的制备方法,由式II所示化合物与巯基 乙酸酯反应,生成式I所示化合物,所述方法如反应式3所示,
反应式3:
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000007
其中,X为卤素,如氟、氯、溴、碘;R和R1定义与如上对式I所示化合物中的定义相同;
上述反应在碱存在下进行,具体地说,是在无机碱(例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锶、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钡、氢氧化钙、氢氧化铯、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、碳酸铯、硫化钠、钠氢等)或有机碱(例如醇钠、醇钾、丁基锂、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7(DBU)、吡啶、喹啉、4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)或有机胺等)存在下进行,其中,所述醇钠可以是甲醇钠、乙醇钠、丙醇钠、异丙醇钠、正丁醇钠、叔丁醇钠等;所述醇钾可以是甲醇钾、乙醇钾、丙醇钾、异丙醇钾、正丁醇钾、叔丁醇钾等,所述有机胺可以是三乙胺、二乙胺、三正丁胺、三丙基胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙胺等,优选地,所述碱可以是无机碱中的氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、硫化钠、钠氢,或有机碱中的甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、三乙胺、二乙胺、二异丙基胺或二异丙基乙胺;
上述反应在适当的溶剂中进行,所述溶剂为水、C1~C5低级醇(例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲亚砜(DMSO)、四氢呋喃(THF)、乙腈、二氧六环、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚或乙二醇单甲醚等中的一种或多种,优选地,所述溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲亚砜(DMSO)、四氢呋喃(THF)、乙腈、二氧六环或乙二醇二甲醚中的一种或多种;反应时间为1小时~24小时,优选2小时~12小时。反应温度为0℃~150℃,优选室温~100℃。
为了实现上述目的,本发明还提供了式III所示的化合物,结构如下:
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000008
其中,R1
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000009
酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基),所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;
优选地,R1
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000010
甲酰基、乙酰基或叔丁氧羰基;
本发明还提供了式III所示化合物的制备方法,由式II所示化合物与巯基乙酸反应,生成式III所示化合物,所述方法如反应式4所示,
反应式4:
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000011
其中,X为氟、氯、溴或碘;R1的定义与如上对式I所示化合物中的定义相同;
上述反应在碱存在下进行,具体地说,是在无机碱(例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锶、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钡、氢氧化钙、氢氧化铯、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、碳酸铯、硫化钠、钠氢等)或有机碱(例如醇钠、醇钾、丁基锂、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7(DBU)、吡啶、喹啉、4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)或有机胺等)存在下进行,其中,所述醇钠可以是甲醇钠、乙醇钠、丙醇钠、异丙醇钠、正丁醇钠、叔丁醇钠等;所述醇钾可以是甲醇钾、乙醇钾、丙醇钾、异丙醇钾、正丁醇钾、叔丁醇钾等,所述 有机胺可以是三乙胺、二乙胺、三正丁胺、三丙基胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙胺等,优选地,所述碱可以是无机碱中的氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、硫化钠、钠氢,或有机碱中的甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、三乙胺、二乙胺、二异丙基胺或二异丙基乙胺;
所述反应在适当的溶剂中进行,所述溶剂为水、C1~C5低级醇(例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲亚砜(DMSO)、四氢呋喃(THF)、乙腈、二氧六环、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇单甲醚等中的一种或多种,优选地,所述溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲亚砜(DMSO)、四氢呋喃(THF)、乙腈、二氧六环或乙二醇二甲醚中的一种或多种;反应时间为1小时~24小时,优选2小时~12小时。反应温度为0℃~150℃,优选室温~100℃。
本发明还涉及如下化合物:
式IV化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000012
其中,R1为酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基中的苄氧羰基或9-芴甲氧羰基,所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基,优选R1为甲酰基或乙酰基;
以及式V化合物及其盐:
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000013
其中,所述盐选自盐酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硝酸盐、醋酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、高氯酸盐、三氯乙酸盐和三氟乙酸盐中的一种。
本发明还提供一种制备式IV化合物的方法,所述方法包括式I化合物经水解反应或由式II经反应式4得到式III化合物,再经脱羧反应得到式IV化合物的步骤,所述方法如反应式5所示:
反应式5:
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000014
其中,X为氟、氯、溴或碘;R1和R的定义与如上对式I所示化合物中的定义相同。本发明还提供制备布瑞哌唑关键中间体或其盐的方法,所述方法如反应式6所示:
反应式6:
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000015
其中,R1为酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基),所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基,优选R1为甲酰基、乙酰基、叔丁氧羰基,X为氟、氯、溴或碘;
R为C1~C6的直链或支链烷基、苄基;优选地,R为C1~C4的直链或支链烷基;更优选地,R为甲基、乙基或叔丁基;
具体包括如下步骤:
由式I化合物水解或式II化合物经反应式4制备得到式III化合物,后脱羧生成式IV化合物,最后脱氨基保护基得到布瑞哌唑关键中间体(式VI所示化合物)或其盐;
或者,式III化合物先脱氨基保护基得到式V化合物或其盐,再脱羧得到式VI化合物或其盐;
或者,式III化合物一步反应同时进行脱羧和脱氨基保护基得到式VI化合物或其盐;
又或者,式I化合物在酸性条件下同时进行水解和脱氨基保护基生成式V化合物或其盐,再脱羧得到式VI化合物或其盐;
其中,所述的式V和式VI化合物的盐选自盐酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硝 酸盐、醋酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、高氯酸盐、三氯乙酸盐和三氟乙酸盐中的一种,上述盐可根据需要情况碱化得到式V和式VI化合物。
在反应式5或反应式6中,所述的水解反应既可在酸性条件下进行,所述酸可以是有机酸或无机酸,例如硫酸、盐酸、氯化氢气体、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、三氯乙酸、三氟乙酸、高氯酸等中的一种或多种,但不局限于上述酸;也可在碱存在下进行,更具体地说,是在无机碱(例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锶、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钡、氢氧化钙、氢氧化铯、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、碳酸铯、钠氢等)或有机碱(例如醇钠、醇钾、丁基锂、醋酸钾、醋酸钠、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7(DBU)、吡啶、喹啉、4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)或有机胺等)中进行,其中,所述醇钠可以是甲醇钠、乙醇钠、丙醇钠、异丙醇钠、正丁醇钠、叔丁醇钠等;醇钾可以是甲醇钾、乙醇钾、丙醇钾、异丙醇钾、正丁醇钾、叔丁醇钾等,所述有机胺可以是三乙胺、二乙胺、三正丁胺、三丙基胺、二异丙基胺、二异丙基乙胺等,优选地,所述碱为无机碱中的氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或氢氧化锂;所述的水解在适当的溶剂中进行,所述溶剂为水、C1~C5低级醇(例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲亚砜(DMSO)、四氢呋喃(THF)、乙腈、二氧六环、吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇单甲醚等中的一种或多种,优选地,所述溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、四氢呋喃(THF)、二氧六环中的一种或多种;反应温度为0℃~200℃,优选反应温度为100℃;反应时间为10分钟~24小时,优选0.5~10小时;
所述脱羧反应可在有或无催化剂的条件下进行,所述催化剂可选自铜、亚铬酸酮、氧化亚铜、氧化铜、三氧化铬、溴化亚铜、氯化亚铜、氯化亚铁、氯化铁、碳酸铜、硫酸铜、碱式碳酸铜、醋酸银、氧化钙、氢氧化钙、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7(DBU)、1,5-二氮杂二环[4.3.0]壬-5-烯(DBN)、氧化铝中的一种或多种,优选铜、亚铬酸酮、氧化亚铜、氧化铜、三氧化铬、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7(DBU)或氧化铝中的一种或多种;又或者所述脱羧反应在碳酸银和醋酸存在下进行;脱羧反应的溶剂可选自喹啉、异喹啉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、喹喔啉、乙二醇二甲醚、二苯醚、联苯、乙二醇、二乙二醇、二乙二醇二甲醚、丁醚、甲苯、二甲苯、均三甲苯、己醇、庚醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、吡啶中的一种或多种,优选喹啉、喹喔啉、乙二醇二甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、二氧六环或N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的一种或多种;反应温度为室温~300℃,优选120-250℃;反应时间为5分钟~18小时。
所述的脱氨基保护基在酸存在下进行,所述酸选自盐酸、氯化氢气体、 硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、高氯酸、三氯乙酸或三氟乙酸;反应溶剂选自水、二氧六环、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇、乙醚、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氯甲烷、氯仿、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯或乙酸丁酯中的一种或多种,或者也可以将上述酸作为反应溶剂,不用再加其它溶剂;反应温度为0℃~150℃,优选反应温度为100℃;反应时间为0.5~24小时,优选1~12小时;
所述的一步反应同时进行脱羧和脱氨基保护基是在酸存在下进行,所述酸选自盐酸、氯化氢气体、硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、高氯酸、三氯乙酸或三氟乙酸中的一种或多种;反应溶剂选自水、二氧六环、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇、乙醚、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氯甲烷、氯仿、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯或乙酸丁酯中的一种或多种,或者也可以将上述酸作为反应溶剂,不用再加其它溶剂;反应温度为0℃~150℃,优选室温~100℃;反应时间为0.5~24小时,优选1~12小时;或者,当R1为烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基或9-芴甲氧羰基)时,所述的一步反应同时进行脱羧和脱氨基保护基是在有或无催化剂存在下进行,所述催化剂可选自铜、亚铬酸酮、氧化亚铜、氧化铜、三氧化铬、溴化亚铜、氯化亚铜、氯化亚铁、氯化铁、碳酸铜、硫酸铜、碱式碳酸铜、醋酸银、氧化钙、氢氧化钙、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7(DBU)、1,5-二氮杂二环[4.3.0]壬-5-烯(DBN)、氧化铝中的一种或多种,优选铜、亚铬酸酮、氧化亚铜、氧化铜、三氧化铬、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7(DBU)或氧化铝中的一种或多种;又或者所述反应是在碳酸银和醋酸存在下进行;反应的溶剂可选自喹啉、异喹啉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、喹喔啉、乙二醇二甲醚、二苯醚、联苯、乙二醇、二乙二醇、二乙二醇二甲醚、丁醚、甲苯、二甲苯、均三甲苯、己醇、庚醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、吡啶中的一种或多种,优选喹啉、喹喔啉、乙二醇二甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、二氧六环或N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的一种或多种;反应温度为室温~300℃,优选120-250℃;反应时间为5分钟~18小时。
所述的在酸性条件下同时进行水解和脱氨基保护基的步骤中,所述酸选自有机酸或无机酸,例如硫酸、盐酸、氯化氢气体、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、三氯乙酸、三氟乙酸、高氯酸等中的一种或多种,但不局限于上述酸;反应溶剂为水、C1~C5低级醇(例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲亚砜(DMSO)、四氢呋喃(THF)、乙腈、二氧六环、吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷等中的一种或多种,或者也可以将上述酸作为反应溶剂,不用再加其它溶剂;反应温度为0℃~200℃,优选室温~100℃;反应时间为0.5~24小时,优选1~12小 时。
有益效果
本发明具有如下优点:
当R1选自酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基(
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000016
)、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基)时,尤其是当R1优选为甲酰基、乙酰基和叔丁氧羰基时,试剂价格低廉,且脱去这些保护基时的反应条件比较温和,酸性条件下即可,可直接得到稳定的式V和式VI化合物的盐形式,避免因碱不稳定而需要进一步成盐的步骤,减少了一步反应,整个脱氨基保护基的过程不需要昂贵的试剂和特殊的反应设备。而美国专利US5436246中公开了R1为苄基的情况,但脱苄基的反应条件苛刻,需要昂贵的钯试剂和特殊反应釜,成本高,且有一定的危险性。
本发明的方法操作简便,试剂大众化从而节省了合成成本,生产周期短,收率和产品质量都有提高,适于大规模生产。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例来进一步说明本发明。应理解,以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限定本发明的范围。
下面各实施例进一步说明本发明,但不作任何限制。
参考例1  4-(3-氯-2-甲醛苯基-1-)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000017
将2-氯-6-氟苯甲醛(500mg,3.15mmol),哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(646mg,3.47mmol)溶解到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)中,氮气保护下,室温下加入碳酸钾(2.18g,15.77mmol),混合物在80℃搅拌4小时,冷却过滤,加入水(20mL),乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤除干燥剂,浓缩得固体,用石油醚(50mL)打浆1h后,过滤得淡黄色固体(750mg,收率75%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ10.37(s,1H),7.40(t,1H),7.01(d,1H),6.99(d,1H),3.20(m,4H),3.00(s,4H),1.47(s,9H).ESI:[M+1]+=325.8。
参考例2  1-甲酰基-4-(3-氯-2-甲醛苯基-1-)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000018
将2-氯-6-氟苯甲醛(500mg,3.15mmol),1-甲酰基哌嗪(396mg,3.47mmol)溶解到DMF(5mL)中,氮气保护下,室温下加入碳酸钾(2.18g,15.77mmol)。混合物在80℃搅拌4小时,冷却加水(20mL),乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得到的固体用石油醚(50mL)打浆1h后,过滤得淡黄色固体(588mg,收率70%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ10.45(s,1H),8.13(s,1H),7.44(t,1H),7.18(d,1H),7.02(d,1H),3.80(s,2H),36.4(s,2H),3.10(m,4H).ESI:[M+1]+=253.1。
参考例3  1-乙酰基-4-(3-氯-2-甲醛苯基-1-)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000019
将2-氯-6-氟苯甲醛(500mg,3.15mmol),1-乙酰哌嗪(444mg,3.47mmol)溶解到DMF(5mL)中,氮气保护下,室温下加入碳酸钾(2.18g,15.77mmol),混合物在80℃搅拌4小时,冷却过滤,加入水(20mL),乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得固体,用石油醚(50mL)打浆1h后,过滤得淡黄色固体(588mg,收率70%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ10.44(s,1H),7.44(t,1H),7.17(d,1H),7.03(d,1H),3.79(bs,4H),3.10(m,4H),2.18(s,3H).ESI:[M+1]+=267.1。
实施例1  4-(2-乙氧羰基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000020
在氮气保护下,室温下向N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)内加入参考例1的产物(1.0g,3.08mmol),巯基乙酸乙酯(388mg,3.20mmol),碳酸钾(1.38g,10mmol),混合物在80℃搅拌4小时,冷却过滤,加入水(20mL),乙酸乙酯(3x5mL)萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤除干燥剂,浓缩得固体,用石油醚(50mL)打浆1h后,过滤得淡黄色固体(900mg,收率75%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.40(s,1H),7.58(d,1H),7.37(t,1H),6.95(d,1H),4.44(q,2H),3.64(m,4H),3.15(m,4H).ESI:[M+1]+=391.1。
实施例2  4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000021
实施例1的产物(1.0g,2.5mmol)溶解到1,4-二氧六环(5mL)内,加入4N氢氧化钠水溶液(1.8mL,7.2mmol),混合物在80℃搅拌3h,冷却到室温,加入水(5mL)和乙酸乙酯(10mL),分离,水相在0℃用1N HCl调pH至4.0左右,过滤所得固体,烘干,得淡黄色固体。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ7.98(s,1H),7.64(d,1H),7.42(t,1H),6.95(d,1H),3.53(bs,4H),3.035(bs,4H).ESI:[M-1]-=361.1。
实施例3  4-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000022
将实施例2的产物(20g,54mmol),氧化亚铜(1g,7mmol)溶解到喹啉(50mL)内,加热到140℃过夜。冷却后过滤,滤液中加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取,用1N HCl洗涤有机相至弱酸性,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,用硅胶柱层析,浓缩后的固体用石油醚打浆,得到类白色固体(13g,收率70%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.57(d,1H),7.41(s,2H),7.27(t,1H),6.88(d,1H),3.66(m,4H),3.01(m,4H),1.50(s,9H).ESI:[M+1]+=319.1。
实施例4  4-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000023
将实施例2的产物(500mg,1.35mmol),碳酸银(40mg,0.135mmol)和醋酸(8mg)溶解到二甲亚砜(5mL)内,加热到120℃,反应过夜,冷却后过滤,滤液中加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,柱层析得到目标物。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.57(d,1H),7.41(s,2H),7.27(t,1H),6.88(d,1H),3.66(m,4H),3.01(m,4H),1.50(s,9H).ESI:[M+1]+=319.1。
实施例5  1-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪盐酸盐的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000024
室温下,将实施例3的产物(2g,6.2mmol)溶解到二氧六环(6mL)中,加入4N HCl/二氧六环溶液(6mL),搅拌3h后,浓缩至干,残留物用乙酸乙酯打浆,过滤,得到目标物(1.3g,收率95%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.46(bs,2H),7.75(d,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.53(t,1H),7.31(t,1H),6.97(t,1H),3.30(bs,8H).ESI:[M+1]+=219.2。
实施例6  1-甲酰基-4-(2-乙氧羰基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000025
在N2保护下,室温下向DMF(5mL)内加入参考例2的产物(1.0g,3.7mmol),巯基乙酸乙酯(410mg,3.80mmol),碳酸钾(1.38g,10mmol),混合物在80℃搅拌4小时.冷却加入水(20mL),乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得到的固体用石油醚(50mL)打浆1h后,过滤得淡黄色固体(1.0g,收率83%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.15(d,2H),7.59(d,1H),7.41(t,1H),6.94(d,1H),4.44(q,2H),3.85(t,2H),3.68(t,2H),3.21-3.15(m,4H),1.44(t,3H).ESI:[M+1]+=319.1。
实施例7  1-甲酰基-4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000026
将实施例6的产物(1.0g,3.1mmol)溶解到甲醇(5mL)和水(2mL)内,加入氢氧化锂(420mg,10mmol),混合物在室温搅拌反应5h,加入水(5mL)和乙酸乙酯(10mL),萃取,收集水相,用1N HCl水溶液在0℃调节pH至4.0左右,过滤析出的固体,干燥得淡黄色固体(510mg,收率56%)。
ESI:[M-1]-=289.1。
实施例8  1-甲酰基-4-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000027
将实施例7的产物(1.0g,3.4mmol),氧化亚铜(50mg)溶解到喹啉(5mL)内,加热到140℃过夜。冷却后过滤,加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相用1N HCl水溶液洗涤至弱酸性,再用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,浓缩后用硅胶柱层析,得到的固体用石油醚打浆,得到类白色固体(520mg,收率62%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.15(s,1H),7.62(d,1H),7.42(m,2H),7.31(t,1H),6.04(d,1H),3.82(t,2H),3.63(t,2H),3.19-3.12(m,4H).ESI:[M+1]+=247.1。
实施例9  1-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪盐酸盐的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000028
室温下,将实施例8的产物(500mg)溶解到二氧六环(2mL)中,加入4N HCl/二氧六环溶液(3mL),搅拌3h后,浓缩干,用乙酸乙酯打浆,过滤,得目标物(470mg,收率90%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.46(bs,2H),7.75(d,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.53(t,1H),7.31(t,1H),6.97(t,1H),3.30(bs,8H).ESI:[M+1]+=219.2。
实施例10  1-乙酰基-4-(2-乙氧羰基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000029
在N2保护下,室温下向DMF(5mL)内加入参考例3的产物(1.0g,3.74mmol),巯基乙酸乙酯(388mg,3.20mmol),碳酸钾(1.38g,10mmol),混合物在80℃搅拌4小时,冷却加入水(20mL),乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得到的固体用石油醚(50mL)打浆1h后,过滤得淡黄色固体(863mg,收率70%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.17(s,1H),7.60(d,1H),7.42(t,1H),7.01(d,1H),4.44(q,2H),3.94(br,2H),3.80(br,2H),3.21(br,4H),2.19(s,3H),1.44(t,3H).ESI:[M+1]+=333.3。
实施例11  1-乙酰基-4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000030
将实施例10的产物(1.0g,3.0mmol)溶解到甲醇(5mL)和水(2mL)内,加入氢氧化锂(300mg,7.2mmol),混合物室温搅拌3h,加入水(5mL)and乙酸乙酯(10mL),分离,收集水相,用1N HCl水溶液在0℃调节pH至4.0左右,过滤析出的固体,烘干,得淡黄色固体(820mg,收率90%)。
ESI:[M-1]-=303.1。
实施例12  1-乙酰基-4-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000031
将实施例11的产物(1.0g,3.2mmol),氧化亚铜(50mg)溶解到喹啉(5mL)内,加热到140℃过夜。冷却后过滤,加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取,加入1N HCl水溶液洗涤至弱酸性,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,硅胶柱层析,浓缩后得到的固体用石油醚打浆,得到类白色固体(600mg,收率70%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ7.95(s,1H),7.65(d,1H),7.41(t,1H)6.95(d,1H),3.69(q,4H),3.10(t,2H),3.02(t,2H),2.06(s,3H).ESI:[M+1]+=261.1。
实施例13  1-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪盐酸盐的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000032
室温下,将实施例12的产物(1g,3.8mmol)溶解到二氧六环(6mL)中,加入4N HCl/二氧六环溶液(6mL),搅拌3h后,浓缩干,用乙酸乙酯打浆,过滤,得到产品(870mg,收率90%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.46(bs,2H),7.75(d,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.53(t,1H),7.31(t,1H),6.97(t,1H),3.30(bs,8H).ESI:[M+1]+=219.2。
实施例14  1-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪的合成
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000033
将实施例2的产物(500mg,1.38mmol)溶解到喹啉(3mL)内,加入氧化亚铜(20mg),升温到140℃反应2h后,继续升温到240℃反应3h,冷却到室温,过滤,加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,硅胶柱层析,浓缩后得到目标物。1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.74(bs,1H),7.75(d,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.51(d,1H),7.31(t,1H),6.95(d,1H),3.24(m,8H).ESI:[M+1]+=219.2。
实施例15  7-[4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基-1-哌嗪基)丁氧基]-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000034
将7-[4-(2-乙氧羰基苯并噻吩-4-基-1-哌嗪基)丁氧基]-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮(300mg,0.59mmol)溶解到甲醇(3mL)和水(1mL)中,加入氢氧化锂(76mg,1.8mmol),室温搅拌3h,加入乙酸乙酯萃取,水相用1N稀盐酸调pH至4.0左右,用二氯甲烷:甲醇(10:1)萃取,浓缩干得白色固体(210mg,收率46%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.01(s,1H),7.88(s,1H),7.61(d,1H),7.38(t,1H),7.03(q,1H),6.93(d,1H),6.48(m,2H),3.92(m,4H),3.35(s,4H),2.84(s,4H),2.77(s,2H),2.62(s,2H),1.72(m,4H),ESI:[M-1]-=478.3。
实施例16  7-[4-(苯并噻吩-4-基-1-哌嗪基)丁氧基]-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000035
将实施例15的产物(500mg,1.04mmol),氧化亚铜(50mg)溶解到喹啉(5mL)内,加热到140℃过夜。冷却后过滤,加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取,加入1N HCl水溶液洗涤至pH=4.0,二氯甲烷:甲醇(10:1)萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,硅胶柱层析,得到固体(320mg,收率70%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.00(s,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.61(d,1H),7.40(d,1H),7.27(t,1H),7.04(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),6.50(dd,1H),6.45(d,1H),3.93(t, 2H),3.06(br,4H),2.78(t,2H),2.60(br,4H),2.41(t,4H),1.74(t,2H),1.60(t,2H).ESI:[M+1]+=436.3。
实施例17  4-(2-乙氧羰基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000036
在氮气保护下,室温下向乙醇(5mL)内加入参考例1的产物(200mg,0.62mmol),巯基乙酸乙酯(0.081ml,0.74mmol),碳酸钾(342mg,2.48mmol),混合物在85℃搅拌18小时,浓缩,柱层析得目标物(100mg,收率42%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.40(s,1H),7.58(d,1H),7.37(t,1H),6.95(d,1H),4.44(q,2H),3.64(m,4H),3.15(m,4H).ESI:[M+1]+=391.1。
实施例18  4-(2-乙氧羰基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000037
在氮气保护下,室温下向DMF(5mL)内加入参考例1的产物(200mg,0.62mmol),巯基乙酸乙酯(0.081ml,0.74mmol),DIPEA(342mg,2.48mmol),混合物在105℃搅拌18小时,加入1N HCl水溶液调节pH=7,用甲基叔丁基醚萃取,醚层再用饱和食盐水洗三次,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤除干燥剂,浓缩,柱层析得目标物(170mg,收率71%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.40(s,1H),7.58(d,1H),7.37(t,1H),6.95(d,1H),4.44(q,2H),3.64(m,4H),3.15(m,4H).ESI:[M+1]+=391.1。
实施例19  4-(2-乙氧羰基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000038
在氮气保护下,室温下向乙醇(5mL)内加入参考例1的产物(200mg,0.62mmol),巯基乙酸乙酯(0.081ml,0.74mmol),氢氧化钠(100mg,2.48mmol),混合物在85℃搅拌6小时,浓缩,柱层析得目标物(70mg,收率30%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.40(s,1H),7.58(d,1H),7.37(t,1H),6.95(d,1H), 4.44(q,2H),3.64(m,4H),3.15(m,4H).ESI:[M+1]+=391.1。
实施例20  1-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪盐酸盐的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000039
将实施例2的产物(200mg,0.55mmol),溶于THF(5mL)中,加入浓盐酸(0.5mL),50℃加热6h。冷却,加入甲基叔丁基醚(5mL),过滤得目标物(130mg,收率79%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.46(bs,2H),8.04(s,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.43(t,1H),7.00(d,1H),3.30(bs,8H).ESI:[M+1]+=262.9。
实施例21  1-(苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪盐酸盐的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000040
将实施例20的产物(130mg,0.43mmol)加入到二苯醚(3mL)中,260℃加热0.5h。冷却,过滤得目标物(60mg,收率55%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.46(bs,2H),7.75(d,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.53(t,1H),7.31(t,1H),6.97(t,1H),3.30(bs,8H).ESI:[M+1]+=219.2。
实施例22  4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000041
在氮气保护下,室温下向N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)内加入参考例1的产物(200g,0.62mmol),巯基乙酸(114mg,1.23mmol),甲醇钠(133mg,2.45mmol),混合物在105℃搅拌18小时。冷却,加入水,乙酸乙酯萃取,分离,水相调节pH=5左右,析出固体,过滤,烘干得目标物(130mg,收率58%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ7.98(s,1H),7.64(d,1H),7.42(t,1H),6.95(d,1H),3.53(bs,4H),3.035(bs,4H).ESI:[M-1]-=361.1。
实施例23  4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000042
在氮气保护下,室温下向N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)内加入参考例1的产物(200g,0.62mmol),巯基乙酸(114mg,1.23mmol),氢氧化钠(99mg,2.45mmol),混合物在105℃搅拌18小时。冷却,加入水,乙酸乙酯萃取,分离,水相调节pH=5左右,析出固体,过滤,烘干得目标物(180mg,收率81%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ7.98(s,1H),7.64(d,1H),7.42(t,1H),6.95(d,1H),3.53(bs,4H),3.035(bs,4H).ESI:[M-1]-=361.1。
实施例24  7-[4-(2-乙氧羰基苯并噻吩-4-基-1-哌嗪基)丁氧基]-2(1H)-喹啉酮的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000043
将2-氯-6-(4-(4-((2-氧代-1,2-二氢喹啉-7-基)氧基)丁基)哌嗪-1-基)苯甲醛(80mg,0.18mmol)溶解到DMF(5mL)中,加入DIPEA(94mg,0.73mmol)和巯基乙酸乙酯(0.024mL,0.22mmol),110℃搅拌16小时。冷却,加入水,乙酸乙酯萃取,乙酸乙酯层用饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,硅胶柱层析,得到固体(40mg,收率46%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.69(s,1H),11.24(s,1H),8.09(s,1H),7.81(d,1H),7.74(d,1H),7.57(d,1H),7.48(t,1H),7.04(d,1H),6.82(m,2H),6.30(d,1H),4.32(m,4H),4.06(t,2H),3.67-3.16(m,8H),1.96(m,2H),1.84(m,2H),1.32(t,3H).ESI:[M+1]+=506.4。
实施例25  7-[4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基-1-哌嗪基)丁氧基]-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000044
将7-[4-(2-乙氧羰基苯并噻吩-4-基-1-哌嗪基)丁氧基]-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮(100mg,0.19mmol)溶解到醋酸(3mL)和浓盐酸(0.5mL)中,100℃搅拌10 小时。将反应液倒入冰水中,搅拌10min后抽滤,得目标物(40mg,收率43%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.01(s,1H),7.88(s,1H),7.61(d,1H),7.38(t,1H),7.03(q,1H),6.93(d,1H),6.48(m,2H),3.92(m,4H),3.35(s,4H),2.84(s,4H),2.77(s,2H),2.62(s,2H),1.72(m,4H),ESI:[M-1]-=478.3。
实施例26  7-[4-(苯并噻吩-4-基-1-哌嗪基)丁氧基]-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000045
将实施例25的产物(400mg,0.83mmol),碳酸银(46mg,0.16mmol)溶解到DMSO(5mL)和醋酸内,加热到120℃过夜。冷却,加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取,乙酸乙酯层用饱和碳酸氢钠和食盐水各洗一遍,无水硫酸钠干燥,硅胶柱层析,得到固体(80mg,收率22%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.00(s,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.61(d,1H),7.40(d,1H),7.27(t,1H),7.04(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),6.50(dd,1H),6.45(d,1H),3.93(t,2H),3.06(br,4H),2.78(t,2H),2.60(br,4H),2.41(t,4H),1.74(t,2H),1.60(t,2H).ESI:[M+1]+=436.3。
实施例27  7-[4-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基-1-哌嗪基)丁氧基]-2(1H)-喹啉酮的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000046
将2-氯-6-(4-(4-((2-氧代-1,2-二氢喹啉-7-基)氧基)丁基)哌嗪-1-基)苯甲醛(80mg,0.18mmol)溶解到DMF(5mL)中,加入氢氧化钠(29mg,0.73mmol)和巯基乙酸(0.025mL,0.36mmol),120℃搅拌16小时。冷却,加入水,用1N HCl水溶液调节pH=5左右,用乙酸乙酯萃取,乙酸乙酯层用饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,硅胶柱层析,得到固体(40mg,收率46%)。
ESI:[M+1]+=478.0。
实施例28  1-(2-羧基苯并噻吩-4-基)-哌嗪盐酸盐的制备
Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-000047
将实施例17的产物(100mg,0.25mmol)溶解到醋酸(3mL)和浓盐酸(0.5 mL)中,100℃搅拌10小时。将反应液倒入冰水中,搅拌10min后抽滤,得目标物(38mg,收率50%)。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.46(bs,2H),8.04(s,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.43(t,1H),7.00(d,1H),3.30(bs,8H).ESI:[M+1]+=262.9。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种化合物,其具有下式I所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100001
    其中,R为C1~C6的直链或支链烷基、苄基;优选地,R为C1~C4的直链或支链烷基;更优选地,R为甲基、乙基或叔丁基;
    R1
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100002
    酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基);所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;优选地,
    R1
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100003
    甲酰基、乙酰基或叔丁氧羰基。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的化合物的制备方法,所述制备方法按如下反应式3进行:
    反应式3:
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100004
    其中,X为氟、氯、溴或碘;R和R1的定义如权利要求1所述;
    所述制备方法在碱存在下进行,优选地,所述碱为无机碱或有机碱;更优选地,所述无机碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锶、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钡、氢氧化钙、氢氧化铯、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、碳酸铯、硫化钠或钠氢,所述有机碱为醇钠、醇钾、丁基锂、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0] 十一烯-7、吡啶、喹啉、4-二甲氨基吡啶或有机胺,其中,所述醇钠为甲醇钠、乙醇钠、丙醇钠、异丙醇钠、正丁醇钠或叔丁醇钠;所述醇钾为甲醇钾、乙醇钾、丙醇钾、异丙醇钾、正丁醇钾或叔丁醇钾,所述有机胺为三乙胺、二乙胺、三正丁胺、三丙基胺、二异丙基胺或二异丙基乙胺;最优选地,所述无机碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、硫化钠或钠氢,所述有机碱为甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、三乙胺、二乙胺、二异丙基胺或二异丙基乙胺;
    所述制备方法在溶剂中进行;优选地,所述溶剂为选自水、C1~C5低级醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氧六环、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚和乙二醇单甲醚中的一种或多种,所述C1~C5低级醇为甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇或丙三醇;更优选地,所述溶剂为选自水、甲醇、乙醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氧六环和乙二醇二甲醚中的一种或多种;
    所述制备方法的反应时间为1小时~24小时,优选2小时~12小时;
    所述制备方法的反应温度为0℃~150℃,优选室温~100℃。
  3. 一种由式III表示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100005
    其中,R1
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100006
    酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基),所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;优选地,R1
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100007
    甲酰基、乙酰基或叔丁氧羰基。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的化合物的制备方法,所述制备方法按如下反应 式4进行:
    反应式4:
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100008
    其中,X为氟、氯、溴或碘;R1的定义如权利要求1所述;
    所述制备方法在碱存在下进行,优选地,所述碱为无机碱或有机碱;更优选地,所述无机碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锶、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钡、氢氧化钙、氢氧化铯、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、碳酸铯、硫化钠或钠氢,所述有机碱为醇钠、醇钾、丁基锂、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7、吡啶、喹啉、4-二甲氨基吡啶或有机胺,其中,所述醇钠为甲醇钠、乙醇钠、丙醇钠、异丙醇钠、正丁醇钠或叔丁醇钠;所述醇钾为甲醇钾、乙醇钾、丙醇钾、异丙醇钾、正丁醇钾或叔丁醇钾,所述有机胺为三乙胺、二乙胺、三正丁胺、三丙基胺、二异丙基胺或二异丙基乙胺;最优选地,所述无机碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、硫化钠或钠氢,所述有机碱为甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、三乙胺、二乙胺、二异丙基胺或二异丙基乙胺;
    所述方法在溶剂中进行;优选地,所述溶剂为选自水、C1~C5低级醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氧六环、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚和乙二醇单甲醚中的一种或多种,所述C1~C5低级醇为甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇或丙三醇;更优选地,所述溶剂为选自水、甲醇、乙醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氧六环和乙二醇二甲醚中的一种或多种;
    所述方法的反应时间为1小时~24小时,优选2小时~12小时;
    所述方法的反应温度为0℃~150℃,优选室温~100℃。
  5. 一种由式IV表示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100009
    其中,R1为酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基中的苄氧羰基或9-芴甲氧羰基,所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基;优选R1为甲酰基或乙酰基。
  6. 一种制备式IV化合物的方法,所述方法包括式I化合物经水解反应或由式II化合物经权利要求4所述制备方法得到式III化合物,再经脱羧反应得到式IV化合物的步骤,其合成路径如下反应式5所示:
    反应式5:
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100010
    其中,R1和R的定义如权利要求1所述,X为氟、氯、溴、碘;
    所述的水解反应在酸性或碱性条件进行;优选地,所述酸为有机酸或无机酸;更优选地,所述酸为选自硫酸、盐酸、氯化氢气体、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、三氯乙酸、三氟乙酸和高氯酸中的一种或多种;优选地,所述碱为无机碱或有机碱;更优选地,所述无机碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、 氢氧化锶、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钡、氢氧化钙、氢氧化铯、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、碳酸铯、钠氢等,所述有机碱为醇钠、醇钾、丁基锂、醋酸钾、醋酸钠、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7、吡啶、喹啉、4-二甲氨基吡啶或有机胺;其中,所述醇钠为甲醇钠、乙醇钠、丙醇钠、异丙醇钠、正丁醇钠或叔丁醇钠;所述醇钾为甲醇钾、乙醇钾、丙醇钾、异丙醇钾、正丁醇钾或叔丁醇钾;所述有机胺为三乙胺、二乙胺、三正丁胺、三丙基胺、二异丙基胺或二异丙基乙胺;最优选地,所述碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或氢氧化锂;
    所述水解反应在溶剂中进行,所述溶剂为选自水、C1~C5低级醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲亚砜、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氧六环、吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇单甲醚中的一种或多种,其中,所述C1~C5低级醇为甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇或丙三醇;优选地,所述溶剂为选自水、甲醇、乙醇、四氢呋喃、二氧六环中的一种或多种;
    所述水解反应的反应温度为0℃~200℃,优选室温~100℃;反应时间为10分钟~24小时,优选0.5~10小时;
    所述脱羧反应在有催化剂或无催化剂的条件下进行,所述催化剂选自铜、亚铬酸酮、氧化亚铜、氧化铜、三氧化铬、溴化亚铜、氯化亚铜、氯化亚铁、氯化铁、碳酸铜、硫酸铜、碱式碳酸铜、醋酸银、氧化钙、氢氧化钙、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7、1,5-二氮杂二环[4.3.0]壬-5-烯、氧化铝中的一种或多种;优选地,所述催化剂选自铜、亚铬酸酮、氧化亚铜、氧化铜、三氧化铬、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7和氧化铝中的一种或多种;
    或者,所述脱羧反应在碳酸银和醋酸的存在下进行;
    所述脱羧反应的溶剂选自喹啉、异喹啉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、喹喔啉、乙二醇二甲醚、二苯醚、联苯、乙二醇、二乙二醇、二乙二醇二甲醚、丁醚、甲苯、二甲苯、均三甲苯、己醇、庚醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、吡啶中的一种或多种;优选地,所述溶剂选自喹啉、喹喔啉、乙二醇二甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、二氧六环或N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的一种或多种;
    所述脱羧反应的温度为室温~300℃,优选120-250℃;反应时间为5分钟~18小时。
  7. 一种由式V表示的化合物及其盐:
    式V:
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100011
    其中,所述盐为盐酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硝酸盐、醋酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、高氯酸盐、三氯乙酸盐或三氟乙酸盐。
  8. 一种制备式VI化合物或其盐的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
    由式I化合物进行水解反应或由式II化合物经权利要求4所述制备方法得到式III化合物,后进行脱羧反应生成式IV化合物,最后脱氨基保护基得到式VI化合物或其盐;或者,式III化合物先进行脱氨基保护基的反应得到式V化合物或其盐,再进行脱羧反应得到式VI化合物或其盐;或者,式III化合物一步反应同时进行脱羧反应和脱氨基保护基的反应得到式VI化合物或其盐;又或者,式I化合物在酸性条件下同时进行水解反应和脱氨基保护基的反应而生成式V化合物或其盐,再进行脱羧反应得到式VI化合物或其盐;
    式VI化合物合成路径如下反应式6所示:
    反应式6:
    Figure PCTCN2014000921-appb-100012
    其中,R1为酰基类氨基保护基(如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基、卤代乙酰基、邻苯二甲酰基)或烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基、9-芴甲氧羰基),所述卤代乙酰基为氟代乙酰基、溴代乙酰基、氯代乙酰基或碘代乙酰基,优选R1为甲酰基、乙酰基、叔丁氧羰基,X为氟、氯、溴或碘;
    R为C1~C6的直链或支链烷基、苄基;优选地,R为C1~C4的直链或支链烷基;更优选地,R为甲基、乙基或叔丁基;
    其中,式V和式VI化合物的盐为盐酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硝酸盐、醋酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、高氯酸盐、三氯乙酸盐或三氟乙酸盐中的一种。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中,
    所述的水解反应在酸性或碱性条件进行;优选地,所述酸为有机酸或无机酸;更优选地,所述酸为选自硫酸、盐酸、氯化氢气体、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、三氯乙酸、三氟乙酸和高氯酸中的一种或多种;优选地,所述碱为无机碱或有机碱;更优选地,所述无机碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锶、氢氧化锂、氢氧化钡、氢氧化钙、氢氧化铯、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸锶、碳酸铯、钠氢等,所述有机碱为醇钠、醇钾、丁基锂、醋酸钾、醋酸钠、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7、吡啶、喹啉、4-二甲氨基吡啶或有机胺;其中,所述醇钠为甲醇钠、乙醇钠、丙醇钠、异丙醇钠、正丁醇钠或叔丁醇钠;所述醇钾为甲醇钾、乙醇钾、丙醇钾、异丙醇钾、正丁醇钾或叔丁醇钾;所述有机胺为三乙胺、二乙胺、三正丁胺、三丙基胺、二异丙基胺或二异丙基乙胺;最优选地,所述碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或氢氧化锂;
    所述水解反应在溶剂中进行,所述溶剂为选自水、C1~C5低级醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲亚砜、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氧六环、吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇单甲醚中的一种或多种,其中,所述C1~C5低级醇为甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇或丙三醇;优选地,所述溶剂为选自水、甲醇、乙醇、四氢呋喃、二氧六环中的一种或多种;
    所述水解反应的反应温度为0℃~200℃,优选室温~100℃;反应时间为10分钟~24小时,优选0.5~10小时;
    所述脱羧反应在有催化剂或无催化剂的条件下进行,所述催化剂选自铜、亚铬酸酮、氧化亚铜、氧化铜、三氧化铬、溴化亚铜、氯化亚铜、氯化亚铁、氯化铁、碳酸铜、硫酸铜、碱式碳酸铜、醋酸银、氧化钙、氢氧化钙、1,8- 二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7、1,5-二氮杂二环[4.3.0]壬-5-烯、氧化铝中的一种或多种;优选地,所述催化剂选自铜、亚铬酸酮、氧化亚铜、氧化铜、三氧化铬、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7和氧化铝中的一种或多种;
    或者,所述脱羧反应在碳酸银和醋酸的存在下进行;
    所述脱羧反应的溶剂选自喹啉、异喹啉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、喹喔啉、乙二醇二甲醚、二苯醚、联苯、乙二醇、二乙二醇、二乙二醇二甲醚、丁醚、甲苯、二甲苯、均三甲苯、己醇、庚醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、吡啶中的一种或多种;优选地,所述溶剂选自喹啉、喹喔啉、乙二醇二甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、二氧六环或N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的一种或多种;
    所述脱羧反应的温度为室温~300℃,优选120-250℃;反应时间为5分钟~18小时;
    所述脱氨基保护基的反应在酸存在下进行;优选地,所述酸选自盐酸、氯化氢气体、硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、高氯酸、三氯乙酸和三氟乙酸中的一种或多种;
    所述脱氨基保护剂的反应的溶剂选自水、二氧六环、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇、乙醚、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氯甲烷、氯仿、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯和乙酸丁酯中的一种或多种;或者所述溶剂为选自盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、高氯酸、三氯乙酸和三氟乙酸中的一种或多种;
    所述脱氨基保护基的反应温度为0℃~150℃,优选室温~100℃;反应时间为0.5~24小时,优选1~12小时;
    所述的一步反应同时进行脱羧反应和脱氨基保护基的反应在酸存在下进行,所述的酸为盐酸、氯化氢气体、硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、高氯酸、三氯乙酸或三氟乙酸中的一种或多种;所述反应溶剂选自水、二氧六环、甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇、乙醚、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氯甲烷、氯仿、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯和乙酸丁酯中的一种或多种;或者所述溶剂为盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、高氯酸、三氯乙酸或三氟乙酸中的一种或多种;反应温度为0℃~150℃,优选室温~100℃;反应时间为0.5~24小时,优选1~12小时;
    或者,当R1为烷氧羰基类氨基保护基(如叔丁氧羰基、苄氧羰基或9-芴甲氧羰基)时,所述的一步反应同时进行脱羧反应和脱氨基保护基的反应在有催化剂或无催化剂的条件下进行,所述催化剂选自铜、亚铬酸酮、氧化亚 铜、氧化铜、三氧化铬、溴化亚铜、氯化亚铜、氯化亚铁、氯化铁、碳酸铜、硫酸铜、碱式碳酸铜、醋酸银、氧化钙、氢氧化钙、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7、1,5-二氮杂二环[4.3.0]壬-5-烯、氧化铝中的一种或多种;优选地,所述催化剂选自铜、亚铬酸酮、氧化亚铜、氧化铜、三氧化铬、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7和氧化铝中的一种或多种;或者,所述反应在碳酸银和醋酸存在下进行;所述反应的溶剂选自喹啉、异喹啉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、喹喔啉、乙二醇二甲醚、二苯醚、联苯、乙二醇、二乙二醇、二乙二醇二甲醚、丁醚、甲苯、二甲苯、均三甲苯、己醇、庚醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮、吡啶中的一种或多种;优选喹啉、喹喔啉、乙二醇二甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、二氧六环或N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的一种或多种;反应温度为室温~300℃,优选120-250℃;反应时间为5分钟~18小时;
    所述的在酸性条件下同时进行水解反应和脱氨基保护基的反应步骤中,所述酸为有机酸或无机酸;优选地,所述酸选自硫酸、盐酸、氯化氢气体、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、三氯乙酸、三氟乙酸、高氯酸中的一种或多种;所述反应溶剂选自水、C1~C5低级醇、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲亚砜、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氧六环、吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙酯和二氯甲烷中的一种或多种;其中,所述C1~C5低级醇为甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、叔丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇或丙三醇;或者所述反应溶剂选自硫酸、盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、磷酸、硝酸、醋酸、三氯乙酸、三氟乙酸、高氯酸中的一种或多种;反应温度为0℃~200℃,优选室温~100℃;反应时间为0.5~24小时,优选1~12小时。
  10. 根据权利要求1、3所述的化合物以及式II所示的化合物在制备式IV所示化合物中的用途;根据权利要求1、3、5或7所述的化合物以及式II所示的化合物在制备式VI所示化合物中的用途。
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CN104557896A (zh) 2015-04-29
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