WO2015051551A1 - 一种建筑物及其施工方法 - Google Patents

一种建筑物及其施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015051551A1
WO2015051551A1 PCT/CN2013/085124 CN2013085124W WO2015051551A1 WO 2015051551 A1 WO2015051551 A1 WO 2015051551A1 CN 2013085124 W CN2013085124 W CN 2013085124W WO 2015051551 A1 WO2015051551 A1 WO 2015051551A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hollow rectangular
rectangular tube
longitudinal
support
fixing plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/085124
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨东佐
Original Assignee
杨东佐
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杨东佐 filed Critical 杨东佐
Priority to PCT/CN2013/085124 priority Critical patent/WO2015051551A1/zh
Priority to CN201380053711.9A priority patent/CN104797762B/zh
Publication of WO2015051551A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015051551A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/14—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or girders laid in two directions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/32—Columns; Pillars; Struts of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2415—Brackets, gussets, joining plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2448—Connections between open section profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2451—Connections between closed section profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2457—Beam to beam connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2472—Elongated load-supporting part formed from a number of parallel profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2484—Details of floor panels or slabs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building and a method of construction thereof. Background technique
  • the traditional building is realized by laying brick walls from bottom to top. This method can only be suitable for low-rise buildings. If the building has a large bearing capacity and good firmness, the thickness of the brick wall is required to be thick. Therefore, Not only is the material required, but the construction efficiency is low.
  • the existing building frame structure mainly includes columns, beams and floors.
  • the forming method of the column is to first bind the steel bar, then install the formwork, then pour the concrete into the formwork, and finally, after the concrete is solidified, the formwork is removed and the reinforced concrete column is formed.
  • the beam is formed by first tying the steel bars, then installing the formwork, then pouring the concrete into the formwork, and finally removing the formwork to form the reinforced concrete beam after the concrete has solidified.
  • the above method of forming the column and the beam requires the installation and removal of the formwork, and therefore, the construction speed is slow.
  • the method of forming the floor slab was achieved by laying prefabricated panels on the beam.
  • the disadvantages of this method are: Because the weight of the prefabricated panels is heavier, the labor intensity is high, and the phenomenon that the prefabricated panels fall easily occurs, and the construction is extremely Safety, in addition, when the prefabricated panels are laid, the ceilings need to be renovated, which extends the construction period and costs.
  • most of the methods used are: first installing the template, then laying the steel bar, then pouring the concrete, and finally disassembling the formwork after the concrete is solidified, so that not only a large number of templates are used, but also the resource consumption is large, and the concrete needs to be solidified. After the template can be dismantled, the construction period is long, and the ceiling is required to be renovated. Therefore, the construction period is extended and the cost is high. Summary of the invention
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a building and a method of constructing the same, which utilizes the technical solution of the present invention to have a high construction speed of the building, high strength of the building, and low cost.
  • the building comprises a column and a beam, and a beam is arranged between the two columns; a skeleton consisting of a transverse hollow rectangular tube and a longitudinal hollow rectangular tube is arranged between the beams, two adjacent A first cavity is formed between the transverse hollow rectangular tube and two adjacent longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes, and the transverse hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube A second cavity is formed between the beam and the beam; a support bar is connected to the beam below the beam, and a gap is formed between the support bar and the beam; a lateral support bar is connected to the lower side of the transverse hollow rectangular pipe by a tie rod, and the lateral support bar is There is a gap between the transverse hollow rectangular tubes; a longitudinal support strip is connected below the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube by a tie rod, and a gap is formed between the longitudinal support strip and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube; the horizontal support strip and the longitudinal direction are provided in the first cavity
  • the ceiling template supported by the support bar is provided with a ceiling template supported
  • the ceiling template is the ceiling of the roof in the future, and there is no need to separately decorate the ceiling, thereby shortening the construction period and shortening the cost.
  • the concrete is covered with a transverse hollow rectangular tube and a longitudinal hollow rectangular tube, the transverse hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube are equivalent to the steel bars in the traditional floor panel, so that the strength of the building is high; in addition, the transverse hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangle
  • the tubes are all hollow, and therefore, equivalent to the steel mesh structure, the amount of concrete can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost.
  • the columns, beams, dragon skeletons, support bars, lateral support bars, longitudinal support bars, tie rods, and ceiling templates can all be prefabricated outside the site, and only concrete needs to be installed and poured on site, therefore, It can improve on-site construction efficiency and reduce on-site construction costs.
  • the column is an I-beam.
  • I-beam profiles are available from existing profiles and can be used directly. Compared to existing cast-in-place columns, the cost is also low.
  • the column comprises two or more hollow rectangular tubes and connecting members, and the connecting member is connected between the hollow rectangular tubes.
  • the connecting members connect the hollow rectangular tubes together as a whole, so that the strength of the columns is not affected, and at the same time, there is a gap between the hollow rectangular tubes, thereby reducing consumables and thereby reducing costs.
  • the connecting member comprises a supporting member and a connecting bolt
  • the supporting member comprises a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and a connecting plate
  • the connecting plate is disposed between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate
  • the supporting member The cross section is an I-shaped shape
  • the connecting bolt passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and another hollow rectangular tube to connect the hollow rectangular tube and the supporting member.
  • the I-shaped support member has a large connecting area of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, so that not only the hollow rectangular tubes can be firmly connected together, but also materials are saved, and at the same time, the connecting bolts are used for further tightening. Solid, can further improve the joint strength.
  • the connecting member comprises a supporting member and a connecting bolt, wherein the supporting member is a hollow rectangular frame, and the connecting bolt passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a supporting member and another hollow rectangular tube to connect the hollow rectangular tube and the supporting member. stand up.
  • the support member of the hollow rectangular frame has a large connecting area, so that not only the hollow rectangular tubes can be firmly joined together, but also materials are saved, and at the same time, the fastening is further tightened by the connecting bolts, and the joint strength can be further improved.
  • the hollow rectangular tube and the connecting member form a frame body, and the frame body is covered with a template skin, which further improves the strength of the column and at the same time protects the frame body.
  • the template skin can be left on the column or can be removed.
  • the template skin includes a left template skin and a right template skin, and a cross section of the left template skin and the right template skin In the shape of a u, the left and left formwork overlap at the joint and are connected by screws; a fastening screw is provided between the formwork and the hollow rectangular tube.
  • the template skin is divided into the left template skin and the right template skin, so that it is easy to install and disassemble the template skin; in addition, the connection between the left template skin and the right template skin overlaps, therefore, The connection strength between the left template skin and the right template skin can be improved; at the same time, there is a fastening screw between the template skin and the hollow rectangular tube, so that the connection between the template skin and the frame body is more firm.
  • the template skin is equivalent to a conventional template, but the template skin does not need to be disassembled, so the construction speed is faster.
  • a support leg for supporting the beam is provided on the column to improve the support strength of the beam.
  • the beam comprises two or more sets of base beams, end plates and beam connecting members, each set of base beams comprises more than one hollow rectangular tube; the end plates are respectively disposed at two ends of the base beam;
  • the beam connecting member comprises a beam supporting member and a beam connecting bolt, wherein the beam supporting member comprises a first beam fixing plate, a second beam fixing plate and a beam connecting plate, wherein the beam connecting plate is fixed on the first beam fixing plate and the second beam fixing
  • the beam support has a cross section of an I-shape, and the beam connecting bolts are passed through a set of base beams and are connected to the adjacent base beams via the first beam fixing plates and the second beam fixing plates.
  • the beam structure not only saves material, reduces the weight of the beam, but also meets the requirements of the building.
  • the middle portion of the support bar is provided with a protrusion formed from the bottom up, which can resist the ceiling template and prevent the lateral movement of the ceiling template to achieve accurate positioning of the ceiling template.
  • a lateral protrusion formed by pressing from the bottom to the bottom is provided in the middle of the lateral support strip; and a longitudinal projection formed by pressing from the bottom to the middle is provided in the middle of the longitudinal support strip.
  • the lateral and longitudinal projections can resist the ceiling template and prevent the lateral movement of the ceiling template to achieve precise positioning of the ceiling template.
  • an upper pressing plate is disposed on the upper surface of the skeleton at a joint of the horizontal hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube, and a lower pressing plate is disposed at a lower surface of the skeleton at a joint of the lateral hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube, and the bolt is passed through
  • the pressing plate is connected to the lower pressing plate through the skeleton; an upper pressing plate is disposed on the upper surface of the skeleton at the joint of the beam and the skeleton, and a lower pressing plate is disposed on the lower surface of the skeleton at the joint of the beam and the skeleton, and the bolt passes through the upper pressing plate
  • the skeleton and beam are attached to the lower platen.
  • a reinforcing bar extending in the direction of the skeleton is arranged above the skeleton on the column, and the steel bar is wrapped in the concrete to improve the strength of the floor.
  • a construction method of a building includes the following steps. (1) Set up a column.
  • the columns, beams, dragon skeletons, support bars, lateral support bars, longitudinal support bars, tie rods, and ceiling templates can all be prefabricated outside the site, and only concrete needs to be installed and poured on site, therefore, It can improve on-site construction efficiency and reduce on-site construction costs.
  • two or more hollow rectangular tubes are connected by a connecting member to form a column.
  • the connecting members connect the hollow rectangular tubes together as a whole, so that the strength of the columns is not affected, and at the same time, there is a gap between the hollow rectangular tubes, thereby reducing consumables and thereby reducing costs.
  • the connecting member comprises a supporting member and a connecting bolt
  • the supporting member comprises a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and a connecting plate
  • the connecting plate is disposed between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate
  • the supporting member The cross section is an I-shaped shape
  • the connecting bolt passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and another hollow rectangular tube to connect the hollow rectangular tube and the supporting member.
  • the I-shaped support member has a large connecting area of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, so that not only the hollow rectangular tubes can be firmly connected together, but also materials are saved, and at the same time, the connection is utilized.
  • the bolts are further tightened to further increase the joint strength.
  • the connecting member comprises a supporting member and a connecting bolt, wherein the supporting member is a hollow rectangular frame, and the connecting bolt passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a supporting member and another hollow rectangular tube to connect the hollow rectangular tube and the supporting member. stand up.
  • the support member of the hollow rectangular frame has a large connecting area, so that not only the hollow rectangular tubes can be firmly joined together, but also materials are saved, and at the same time, the fastening is further tightened by the connecting bolts, and the joint strength can be further improved.
  • the hollow rectangular tube and the joint form a frame body, and the template skin is covered around the frame body, and the template skin can improve the strength of the column and at the same time protect the frame body.
  • the template skin is equivalent to a conventional template, but the template skin does not need to be disassembled, so the construction speed is faster.
  • the support legs are welded to the columns, and then the beams supported by the support legs are connected between the columns to improve the support stability of the beams.
  • the beam comprises two or more sets of base beams, end plates and beam connecting members, each set of base beams comprises more than one hollow rectangular tube; the end plates are respectively disposed at two ends of the base beam;
  • the beam connecting member comprises a beam supporting member and a beam connecting bolt, wherein the beam supporting member comprises a first beam fixing plate, a second beam fixing plate and a beam connecting plate, wherein the beam connecting plate is fixed on the first beam fixing plate and the second beam fixing
  • the beam support has a cross section of an I-shape, and the beam connecting bolts are passed through a set of base beams and are connected to the adjacent base beams via the first beam fixing plates and the second beam fixing plates.
  • the beam structure not only saves material, reduces the weight of the beam, but also meets the requirements of the building.
  • the middle portion of the support bar is provided with a protrusion formed from the bottom up, which can resist the ceiling template and prevent the lateral movement of the ceiling template to achieve accurate positioning of the ceiling template.
  • An outer edge of the support strip is provided on the outside of the beam and above the abutment edge of the beam. When pouring concrete, the resisting edge prevents the concrete from flowing outwards, thus facilitating the pouring of the floor and improving the quality of the floor.
  • a lateral protrusion formed by pressing from the bottom to the top is provided in the middle of the lateral support strip; and a longitudinal projection formed by pressing from the bottom to the center is provided in the middle of the longitudinal support strip. The lateral and longitudinal projections can resist the ceiling template and prevent the lateral movement of the ceiling template to achieve precise positioning of the ceiling template.
  • an upper pressing plate is disposed on the upper surface of the skeleton at a joint of the horizontal hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube, and a lower pressing plate is disposed at a lower surface of the skeleton at a joint of the horizontal hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube.
  • the bolt is connected to the lower pressing plate through the upper pressing plate through the skeleton; an upper pressing plate is disposed on the upper surface of the skeleton at the joint of the beam and the skeleton, and a lower pressing plate is disposed on the lower surface of the skeleton at the joint of the beam and the skeleton, and the bolt is worn through the upper pressing plate
  • the skeleton and the beam are connected to the lower platen.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a building of a first embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the building when the concrete is not poured in the first embodiment.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the building of the first embodiment.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 3.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of C in Figure 3.
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of D in Figure 3.
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged view of E in Figure 3.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lateral support strip.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the longitudinal support strip.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the support leg.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the beam support member.
  • Figure 13 is an exploded view of the building of the second embodiment.
  • Figure 14 is an enlarged view of F in Figure 13.
  • Figure 15 is an enlarged view of G in Figure 13.
  • Figure 16 is an exploded view of the building of the third embodiment.
  • Figure 17 is an enlarged view of H in Figure 16.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of a decorative strip on a lateral support strip.
  • Figure 19 is an enlarged view of I in Figure 16.
  • Figure 20 is an enlarged view of J in Figure 16.
  • Figure 21 is an exploded view of another structure of the building.
  • Figure 22 is an enlarged view of K in Figure 21.
  • Figure 23 is an enlarged view of L in Figure 21.
  • Figure 24 is an exploded view of another structure of the building.
  • Figure 25 is an enlarged view of M in Figure 24.
  • Figure 26 is an enlarged view of N in Figure 24.
  • Figure 27 is an exploded view of another structure of the building.
  • Figure 28 is an enlarged view of P in Figure 27 .
  • Figure 29 is an enlarged view of Q in Figure 27.
  • Figure 30 is a schematic view showing the structure of the joint of the transverse hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube. detailed description
  • the building includes a column 1.
  • the column 1 is an I-beam
  • the I-beam profile is an existing profile, which can be directly used, compared with the existing one. Template casting of columns is faster and less expensive.
  • a support leg 2 is attached to the column 1, and as shown in FIG. 11, the support leg 2 includes a fixing plate 21, a support plate 22, and a rib 23, and the support plate 22 is attached to the fixing plate 21.
  • the support plate 22 and the fixed plate 21 are at an angle of 90 degrees, and the rib 23 is connected between the fixed plate 21 and the support plate 22 to increase the strength of the support leg.
  • the fixing plate 21 is welded to the side of the column 1, and the supporting plate 22 is for supporting the lower beam.
  • a lower beam 3 is welded between two adjacent columns in the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction, and the lower beam 3 is also supported by the support legs 2 to improve the load carrying capacity and the firmness of the connection of the lower beam.
  • the lower beam 3 has a C-shaped cross section.
  • a beam 4 is provided above the lower beam 3 between two adjacent columns in the lateral and longitudinal directions.
  • the beam 4 includes two or more sets of base beams 41, end plates 42 and beam connecting members 43, each set of base beams 41 includes a hollow rectangular tube 411;
  • the end plate 42 is provided at the end, and the end plate 42 is connected to the column 1 by bolts.
  • the beam connecting member 43 includes a beam supporting member 431 and a beam connecting bolt 432.
  • the beam supporting member 431 includes a first beam fixing plate 4311, a second beam fixing plate 4312, and a beam.
  • the connecting plate 4313, the beam connecting plate 4313 is disposed between the first beam fixing plate 4311 and the second beam fixing plate 4312, the beam supporting member 431 has a cross section of an I-shape, and the beam connecting bolt 432 passes through a set of base beams.
  • the first beam fixing plate 4311 and the second beam fixing plate 4312 are connected to the adjacent base beam.
  • the beam structure not only saves material, reduces the weight of the beam, but also meets the requirements of the building.
  • a support strip 5 is provided between the beam 4 and the lower beam 3.
  • the middle portion of the support bar 5 is provided with a protrusion 51 which is press-formed from the bottom up, and the tie rod 6 connects the support bar 5 and the beam 4 through the protrusion 51 and the beam 4, and the protrusion 51 and the beam 4 are connected.
  • the protrusion 51 can resist the ceiling template and prevent the lateral movement of the ceiling template to achieve accurate positioning of the ceiling template.
  • the inner edge of the support strip 5 extends out of the beam 4 for carrying the ceiling template.
  • a skeleton composed of a transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and a longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 is provided between the beams 4, and a passing angle between the lateral hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 is provided.
  • the codes are connected together, of course, they can also be connected by welding; the skeleton and the beam are connected by a corner code; a first cavity 73 is formed between two adjacent transverse hollow rectangular tubes and two adjacent longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes, and is laterally hollow Rectangular tube, longitudinal hollow rectangular tube and A second cavity 74 is formed between the beams.
  • a lateral support bar 81 is connected to the lower side of the lateral hollow rectangular tube 71 via a tie rod 6.
  • a laterally convexly formed lateral convex shape is provided in the middle of the lateral support bar 81. 811, there is a gap between the lateral support bar 81 and the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71, and the opposite sides of the lateral support bar 81 protrude from the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71; as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 7, the hollow rectangle in the longitudinal direction
  • a longitudinal support bar 82 is connected to the lower portion of the tube 72 via a tie rod 6.
  • a longitudinal projection 821, a longitudinal support bar 8 and a longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are formed in the middle of the longitudinal support bar from the bottom up. There is a gap therebetween, and the opposite sides of the longitudinal support strip 82 extend out of the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72.
  • the lateral protrusions 811 and the longitudinal protrusions 821 are used to resist the ceiling template to achieve precise positioning of the ceiling template.
  • an upper pressing plate 91 is disposed at a joint of a horizontal hollow rectangular pipe and a longitudinal hollow rectangular pipe at an upper surface of the skeleton, and a lower pressing plate is disposed at a lower surface of the skeleton at a joint of the transverse hollow rectangular pipe and the longitudinal hollow rectangular pipe.
  • the bolt 93 is connected to the lower pressing plate 92 through the upper platen through the upper pressing plate 91; an upper pressing plate 91 is disposed on the upper surface of the skeleton at the joint of the beam and the skeleton, and is disposed on the lower surface of the skeleton at the joint of the beam and the skeleton
  • the lower pressing plate 92, the bolt 93 is connected to the lower pressing plate 92 via the upper pressing plate 91 through the skeleton and the beam.
  • a reinforcing bar 83 On the column 1 above the skeleton is provided a reinforcing bar 83 extending in the direction of the skeleton, and the reinforcing bars are wrapped in the concrete.
  • a ceiling template 9 supported by a lateral support bar and a longitudinal support bar is disposed in the first cavity 73, and a ceiling template 9 supported by the lateral support bar, the longitudinal support bar and the support bar is disposed in the second cavity 74;
  • the ceiling template 9 is cast with concrete 10 enclosing a transverse hollow rectangular tube and a longitudinal hollow rectangular tube, and the concrete is formed after the concrete is solidified.
  • the construction method of the above building is.
  • the lower beam 3 is welded between two adjacent columns, and the lower beam 3 is supported by the support leg 2 during the welding process.
  • the beam connecting bolt 432 is connected from a hollow rectangular pipe to the adjacent hollow rectangular pipe via the first beam fixing plate 4311 and the second beam fixing plate 4312, and the end plate 42 is welded to both ends of the base beam to form a beam. 4; connecting the support bar and the beam by the tie rod 6 and ensuring a gap between the support bar and the beam; connecting the end plate 42 of the beam 4 to the column 1 by bolts, and placing the beam 4 above the lower beam 3.
  • the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are connected by a corner code.
  • the skeleton composed of the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 may be connected to the beam by a corner code by a welded joint. 4, wherein a first cavity 73 is formed between two adjacent lateral hollow rectangular tubes and two adjacent longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes, and a second cavity 74 is formed between the lateral hollow rectangular tubes, the longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes and the beams. .
  • the lateral support bars 81 are connected by the tie rods 6 below the lateral hollow rectangular tubes 71. The opposite sides of the lateral support bars 81 extend out of the transverse hollow rectangular tubes 71 between the lateral support bars 81 and the transverse hollow rectangular tubes 71.
  • the upper pressing plate 91 is disposed at the upper surface of the skeleton at the joint of the transverse hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube, and the lower hollow surface of the skeleton is located at the lateral hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangle.
  • a lower pressing plate 92 is disposed at the pipe joint, and the bolt 93 is connected to the lower pressing plate 92 through the upper platen through the upper pressing plate 91; an upper pressing plate 91 is disposed on the upper surface of the skeleton at the joint of the beam 4 and the skeleton, and is located at the joint of the beam and the skeleton The lower surface of the skeleton is provided with a lower pressing plate 92, and the bolt is connected to the lower pressing plate 92 through the upper pressing plate 91 through the skeleton and the beam.
  • a ceiling template 9 supported by the lateral support bars and the longitudinal support bars is laid in the first cavity 73.
  • a ceiling template 9 supported by the lateral support bars, the longitudinal support bars and the support bars is laid in the second cavity 74.
  • the concrete 10 is poured on the ceiling template 9. After the pouring is completed, the concrete 10 is wrapped around the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72, the reinforcing bars 83 and the beams, and the beams form hidden beams.
  • the ceiling template 9 is a ceiling for the roof of the future, and the ceiling is not required to be separately repaired. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened and the cost can be reduced. Since the concrete 10 is covered with the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72, the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are equivalent to the steel bars in the conventional floor panel, so that the strength of the building is high; Both the tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are hollow, which is equivalent to the steel mesh structure, and therefore, the amount of concrete can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost.
  • the columns, beams, dragon skeletons, support bars, lateral support bars, longitudinal support bars, tie rods, and ceiling templates can all be prefabricated outside the site, and only concrete needs to be installed and poured on site, therefore, It can improve on-site construction efficiency and reduce on-site construction costs.
  • the building includes a column 1.
  • the column 1 is an I-beam
  • the I-beam profile is an existing profile, which can be directly used, compared with the existing template forming column. It's faster and cheaper.
  • a support leg 2 is attached to the column 1, and as shown in Fig. 11, the support leg 2 includes a fixing plate 21, a support plate 22, and a rib 23, and the support plate 22 is attached to the upper end of the fixing plate 21 to support Plate 22 and fixed plate 21 At an angle of 90 degrees, the ribs 23 are joined between the fixed plate 21 and the support plate 22 to increase the strength of the support legs.
  • the fixing plate 21 is welded to the side of the column 1, and the support plate 22 is used to support the beam 4.
  • a beam 4 is provided between two adjacent columns in the lateral and longitudinal directions.
  • the beam 4 includes two or more sets of base beams 41, end plates 42 and beam connecting members 43, each set of base beams 41 includes a hollow rectangular tube 411;
  • the end plates 42 are respectively provided at the ends, and the end plates 42 are connected to the column 1 by bolts.
  • the beam connecting member 43 includes a beam supporting member 431 and a beam connecting bolt 432.
  • the beam supporting member 431 includes a first beam fixing plate 4311 and a second beam fixing plate.
  • the beam connecting plate 4313 is disposed between the first beam fixing plate 4311 and the second beam fixing plate 4312, the beam supporting member 431 has a cross section of an I-shape, and the beam connecting bolt 432 is worn from the
  • the set base beam is connected to the adjacent base beam via the first beam fixing plate 4311 and the second beam fixing plate 4312.
  • the beam structure not only saves material, reduces the weight of the beam, but also meets the requirements of the building.
  • a support strip 5 is provided below the beam 4.
  • the tie rod 6 connects the support bar 5 and the beam 4 through the support bar 5 and the beam 4, and the support bar is supported by the support leg, thereby also functioning as a support beam, in the support bar 5 and the beam 4 There is a gap between them to facilitate the filling of concrete into the gap.
  • the inner edge of the support strip 5 projects beyond the beam 4 for carrying the ceiling template.
  • the outer edge of the support bar 5 is provided with an outer edge of the beam and higher than the abutting edge 52 of the beam. When the concrete is poured, the abutting edge 52 prevents the concrete from flowing outward. Therefore, it is convenient to cast the floor and improve the quality of the floor. 13 and FIG.
  • a skeleton composed of a transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and a longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 is disposed between the beams 4, and the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are connected by a corner code;
  • the skeleton and the beam are connected by a corner code;
  • a first cavity 73 is formed between two adjacent transverse hollow rectangular tubes and two adjacent longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes, and is formed between the transverse hollow rectangular tube, the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube and the beam Second cavity 74.
  • a longitudinal support bar 82 is connected to the lower side of the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 by a tie rod 6.
  • a longitudinal projection formed by pressing from the bottom to the bottom is provided in the middle of the longitudinal support strip.
  • a longitudinal support strip 82 has a gap with the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72, and opposite sides of the longitudinal support strip 82 extend out of the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72.
  • the longitudinal protrusions 821 are used to resist the ceiling template to achieve precise positioning of the ceiling template.
  • a ceiling template 9 supported by a longitudinal support bar is disposed in the first cavity 73, and a ceiling template 9 supported by the longitudinal support bar and the support bar is disposed in the second cavity 74; the package is laterally cast on the ceiling template 9
  • the concrete 10 of the hollow rectangular tube and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube is formed into a floor after the concrete is solidified.
  • the construction method of the above building is;
  • transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are connected by a corner code, and the skeleton composed of the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 is connected to the beam 4 by a corner code, wherein, two adjacent A first cavity 73 is formed between the transverse hollow rectangular tube and the two adjacent longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes, and a second cavity 74 is formed between the lateral hollow rectangular tube, the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube and the beam.
  • the longitudinal support strips 82 are joined by the tie rods 6 below the longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes 72.
  • the opposite sides of the longitudinal support strips 82 extend out of the longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes 72 between the longitudinal support strips 82 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes 72. Leave a gap.
  • a reinforcing bar 83 extending in the direction of the skeleton is welded to the column 1 above the skeleton.
  • a ceiling template 9 supported by the longitudinal support bars is laid in the first cavity 73.
  • a ceiling template 9 supported by the longitudinal support bars and the support bars is laid in the second cavity 74.
  • Concrete 10 is poured on the ceiling formwork 9. After the pouring is completed, the concrete 10 is wrapped around the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72, the beam 4 and the reinforcing bar 83.
  • the ceiling template 9 is a ceiling for the roof of the future, and the ceiling is not required to be separately repaired. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened and the cost can be reduced. Since the concrete 10 is covered with the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72, the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are equivalent to the steel bars in the conventional floor panel, so that the strength of the building is high; Both the tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are hollow, which is equivalent to the steel mesh structure, and therefore, the amount of concrete can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost.
  • the columns, beams, dragon skeletons, support bars, lateral support bars, longitudinal support bars, tie rods, and ceiling templates can all be prefabricated outside the site, and only concrete needs to be installed and poured on site, therefore, It can improve on-site construction efficiency and reduce on-site construction costs.
  • the beams 4 are wrapped by concrete to form dark beams, and the floor and the lower surface of the beams are substantially flush, thus forming an American-style slab-column structure.
  • the building includes a column 1.
  • the column 1 is an I-beam
  • the I-beam profile is an existing profile, which can be directly used, compared with the existing template forming column. It's faster and cheaper.
  • a support leg 2 is attached to the column 1, and as shown in Fig. 11, the support leg 2 includes a fixing plate 21, a support plate 22, and a rib 23, and the support plate 22 is attached to the upper end of the fixing plate 21 to support Plate 22 and fixed plate 21 At an angle of 90 degrees, the ribs 23 are joined between the fixed plate 21 and the support plate 22 to increase the strength of the support legs.
  • the fixing plate 21 is welded to the side of the column 1, and the support plate 22 is used to support the beam.
  • a beam 4 is provided above the lower beam 3 between two adjacent columns in the lateral and longitudinal directions.
  • the beam 4 includes two or more sets of base beams 41, end plates 42 and beam connectors 43, each set of base beams 41 comprising two hollow rectangular tubes 411; at both ends of the base beam The end plates 42 are respectively provided, and the end plates 42 are connected to the columns 1 by bolts.
  • the beam connecting member 43 includes a beam supporting member 431 and a beam connecting bolt 432.
  • the beam supporting member 431 includes a first beam fixing plate 4311 and a second beam fixing plate.
  • the beam connecting plate 4313 is disposed between the first beam fixing plate 4311 and the second beam fixing plate 4312, the beam supporting member 431 has a cross section of an I-shape, and the beam connecting bolt 432 is worn by the beam
  • the set base beam is connected to the adjacent base beam via the first beam fixing plate 4311 and the second beam fixing plate 4312.
  • the beam structure not only saves material, reduces the weight of the beam, but also meets the building's requirements.
  • a support strip 5 is provided below the beam 4.
  • the support bar 5 includes a support connecting plate 511, a support extending portion 512 extending upward from the inner side edge of the supporting connecting plate 511, and a supporting portion 513 extending outward from the self-supporting extending portion 512.
  • the tie rod 6 connects the support bar 5 and the beam 4 through the support plate 511 and the beam 4, and the support bar is supported by the support leg, thereby also functioning as a support beam, in the support bar 5 and the beam 4 There is a gap between them to facilitate the filling of concrete into the gap.
  • the support portion 513 extends from the beam 4 for carrying the ceiling template.
  • the outer edge of the support bar 5 is provided with abutting edge 52 on the outer side of the beam and higher than the beam.
  • the support plate 511, the support extension 512 and the abutting edge 52 form a receiving groove 55, and the beam 4 is placed in the receiving groove 55.
  • the abutting edge 52 prevents the concrete from flowing outward, thereby facilitating the pouring of the floor and improving the quality of the floor.
  • a skeleton composed of a transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and a longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 is disposed between the beams 4, and the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are connected by a corner code; And the beam is connected by a corner code; a first cavity 73 is formed between two adjacent transverse hollow rectangular tubes and two adjacent longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes, and a first cavity is formed between the transverse hollow rectangular tube, the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube and the beam Two cavity 74.
  • a lateral support bar 81 is connected to the lower side of the lateral hollow rectangular tube 71 via a tie rod 6, and a lateral projection 811 is provided in the middle of the lateral support bar 81, as shown in Fig.
  • the decorative plate 10a is disposed on the locking groove 812.
  • the decorative plate 10a includes a plate body 10al and is disposed on the plate body 10al.
  • the upper connecting plate 10a2 and the hook 10a3 disposed on the connecting plate 10a2, the hook 10a3 is locked in the locking groove 812, and the lateral supporting strip 81 and the lateral hollow rectangular tube 71 have a gap therebetween.
  • the opposite sides of the lateral support strip 81 extend out of the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71. As shown in Fig.
  • a longitudinal support bar 82 is attached to the lower side of the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 by a tie rod 6, as shown in Fig. 19, a longitudinal projection 821 is provided in the middle of the longitudinal support strip, under the longitudinal support strip 82.
  • the surface is opposite to the longitudinal protrusion and is provided with a locking groove 822 at a corresponding position, and a decorative plate 10a is disposed on the locking groove 822.
  • the decorative plate 10a includes a plate body 10al, The connecting plate 10a2 is disposed on the board 10a and the hook 10a3 is disposed on the connecting board 10a2.
  • the hook 10a3 is locked in the locking groove 822, and the longitudinal supporting strip 82 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are The gap, the opposite sides of the longitudinal support strip 82 extend out of the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72.
  • the longitudinal protrusions 821 are used to resist the ceiling template to achieve precise positioning of the ceiling template.
  • a ceiling template 9 supported by a lateral support bar and a longitudinal support bar is disposed in the first cavity 73, and a ceiling template 9 supported by the lateral support bar, the longitudinal support bar and the support bar is disposed in the second cavity 74;
  • the ceiling template 9 is cast with concrete 10 enclosing a transverse hollow rectangular tube and a longitudinal hollow rectangular tube, and the concrete is formed after the concrete is solidified.
  • the construction method of the above building is;
  • the beam connecting bolt 432 is connected from a hollow rectangular pipe to the adjacent hollow rectangular pipe via the first beam fixing plate 4311 and the second beam fixing plate 4312, and the end plate 42 is welded to both ends of the base beam to form a beam. 4; connecting the support bar and the beam by the tie rod 6 and ensuring a gap between the support bar and the beam; the end plate 42 of the beam 4 is bolted to the upright 1 and the support bar is supported by the support leg.
  • transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are connected by a corner code, and the skeleton composed of the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 is connected to the beam 4 by a corner code, wherein, two adjacent A first cavity 73 is formed between the transverse hollow rectangular tube and the two adjacent longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes, and a second cavity 74 is formed between the lateral hollow rectangular tube, the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube and the beam.
  • the longitudinal support strips 82 are joined by the tie rods 6 below the longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes 72.
  • the opposite sides of the longitudinal support strips 82 extend out of the longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes 72 between the longitudinal support strips 82 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tubes 72. Leave a gap.
  • a reinforcing bar 83 extending in the direction of the skeleton is welded to the column 1 above the skeleton.
  • a ceiling template 9 supported by the longitudinal support bars is laid in the first cavity 73.
  • a ceiling template 9 supported by the longitudinal support bars and the support bars is laid in the second cavity 74.
  • the concrete 10 is poured on the ceiling formwork 9. After the pouring is completed, the concrete 10 is wrapped around the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 and the reinforcing bars 83.
  • the decorative sheets 10a are respectively placed on the lateral support bars 81 and the longitudinal support bars 82.
  • the ceiling template 9 is a ceiling for the roof of the future, and there is no need to separately decorate the ceiling. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened and the cost can be reduced. Since the concrete 10 is covered with the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72, the transverse hollow rectangular tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are equivalent to the steel bars in the conventional floor panel, so that the strength of the building is high; Both the tube 71 and the longitudinal hollow rectangular tube 72 are hollow, which is equivalent to the steel mesh structure, and therefore, the amount of concrete can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost. Also, The columns, beams, dragon skeletons, support bars, lateral support bars, longitudinal support bars, tie rods, and ceiling templates can all be prefabricated outside the site. Only concrete can be installed and poured on site, so the site can be improved. Construction efficiency, reducing on-site construction costs.
  • the building is provided with columns 1, beams 4 and slabs, and the beams 4 are wrapped by concrete to form dark beams.
  • the support bars are lower than the floor slabs, thus forming an American-style slab-column structure. Fourth embodiment.
  • the building includes a column 1, as shown in Figs. 22 and 23, the column 1 includes two or more hollow rectangular tubes 11 and a connecting member 12.
  • the connecting member 12 includes a supporting member 121 and a connecting bolt 122.
  • the supporting member 121 includes a first fixing plate 1211, a second fixing plate 1212, and a connecting plate 1213.
  • the connecting plate 1213 is disposed on the first fixing plate 1211 and the second fixing plate. Between 1212, the support member 121 has a cross-section of an I-shape, and the connecting bolt 122 passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a first fixing plate 1211, a second fixing plate 1212, and another hollow rectangular tube. The pieces are connected.
  • the I-shaped support member has a large connecting area of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, so that not only the hollow rectangular tubes can be firmly connected together, but also materials are saved, and at the same time, the connecting bolts are used for further tightening. Solid, can further improve the joint strength.
  • the building includes a column 1, as shown in Figs. 22 and 23, the column 1 includes two or more hollow rectangular tubes 11 and a connecting member 12.
  • the connecting member 12 includes a supporting member 121 and a connecting bolt 122.
  • the supporting member 121 includes a first fixing plate 1211, a second fixing plate 1212, and a connecting plate 1213.
  • the connecting plate 1213 is disposed on the first fixing plate 1211 and the second fixing plate. Between 1212, the support member 121 has a cross-section of an I-shape, and the connecting bolt 122 passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a first fixing plate 1211, a second fixing plate 1212, and another hollow rectangular tube. The pieces are connected.
  • the I-shaped support member has a large connecting area of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, so that not only the hollow rectangular tubes can be firmly connected together, but also materials are saved, and at the same time, the connecting bolts are used for further tightening. Solid, can further improve the joint strength.
  • the building includes a column 1, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the column 1 includes two or more hollow rectangular tubes 11 and a connecting member 12.
  • the connecting member 12 includes a supporting member 121 and a connecting bolt 122.
  • the supporting member 121 includes a first fixing plate 1211, a second fixing plate 1212, and a connecting plate 1213.
  • the connecting plate 1213 is disposed at Between the first fixing plate 1211 and the second fixing plate 1212, the supporting member 121 has a cross section of an I-shape, and the connecting bolt 122 passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a first fixing plate 1211, a second fixing plate 1212, and another A hollow rectangular tube connects the hollow rectangular tube to the support.
  • the I-shaped support member has a large connecting area of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, so that not only the hollow rectangular tubes can be firmly connected together, but also materials are saved, and at the same time, the connecting bolts are used for further tightening. Solid, can further improve the joint strength.
  • the building includes a column 1, as shown in Figs. 25 and 26, the column 1 includes two or more hollow rectangular tubes 11 and a connecting member 12.
  • the connecting member 12 includes a supporting member 123 and a connecting bolt 122.
  • the supporting member 123 is a hollow rectangular frame.
  • the connecting bolt 122 passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a supporting member and another hollow rectangular tube to connect the hollow rectangular tube and the support. The pieces are connected.
  • the building includes a column 1, as shown in Figs. 25 and 26, the column 1 includes two or more hollow rectangular tubes 11 and a connecting member 12.
  • the connecting member 12 includes a supporting member 123 and a connecting bolt 122.
  • the supporting member 123 is a hollow rectangular frame.
  • the connecting bolt 122 passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a supporting member and another hollow rectangular tube to connect the hollow rectangular tube and the support. The pieces are connected.
  • the building includes a column 1, as shown in Figs. 25 and 26, the column 1 includes two or more hollow rectangular tubes 11 and a connecting member 12.
  • the connecting member 12 includes a supporting member 123 and a connecting bolt 122.
  • the supporting member 123 is a hollow rectangular frame.
  • the connecting bolt 122 passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a supporting member and another hollow rectangular tube to connect the hollow rectangular tube and the support. The pieces are connected.
  • the building includes a column 1.
  • the column 1 includes two or more hollow rectangular tubes 11 and a connecting member 12.
  • the connecting member 12 includes a support member and a connecting bolt.
  • the support member includes a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is disposed between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, and supports
  • the cross section of the bearing member is an I-shaped shape, and the connecting bolt passes through a hollow rectangular tube, a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and another hollow rectangular tube to connect the hollow rectangular tube and the supporting member; It may be a hollow rectangular frame, and the connecting bolt connects the hollow rectangular tube and the support member through a hollow rectangular tube, a support member and another hollow rectangular tube.
  • the hollow rectangular tube 11 and the connecting member form a frame body, and the template body 20 is covered around the frame body.
  • the template skin 20 includes a left template skin 201 and a right template skin 202.
  • the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202 have a U-shaped cross section, and the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202 overlap at the joint and are connected by screws. ; fastening screws are provided between the template skin 20 and the hollow rectangular tube.
  • the template skin is divided into the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202, so that it is easy to install and disassemble the template skin; in addition, at the junction of the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202 The overlapping, therefore, can improve the connection strength between the left template skin and the right template skin; at the same time, there is a fastening screw between the template skin and the hollow rectangular tube, so that the connection between the template skin and the frame body is more firm.
  • the building includes a column 1.
  • the column 1 includes two or more hollow rectangular tubes 11 and a connecting member 12.
  • the connector 12 includes a support member and a connecting bolt.
  • the support member includes a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and a connecting plate.
  • the connecting plate is disposed between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate.
  • the supporting member has a cross section of an I-shape, and the connecting bolt passes through a hollow.
  • the rectangular tube, the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate and the other hollow rectangular tube connect the hollow rectangular tube and the supporting member; of course, the supporting member may also be a hollow rectangular frame, and the connecting bolt passes through a hollow rectangular tube,
  • the support member and the other hollow rectangular tube connect the hollow rectangular tube and the support member.
  • the hollow rectangular tube 11 and the connecting member form a frame body, and the template body 20 is covered around the frame body.
  • the template skin 20 includes a left template skin 201 and a right template skin 202.
  • the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202 have a U-shaped cross section, and the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202 overlap at the joint and are connected by screws. ; fastening screws are provided between the template skin 20 and the hollow rectangular tube.
  • the template skin is divided into the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202, so that it is easy to install and disassemble the template skin; in addition, at the junction of the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202 The overlapping, therefore, can improve the connection strength between the left template skin and the right template skin; at the same time, there is a fastening screw between the template skin and the hollow rectangular tube, so that the connection between the template skin and the frame body is more firm.
  • the building includes a column 1.
  • the column 1 includes two or more hollow rectangular tubes 11 and a connecting member 12.
  • the connector 12 includes a support member and a connecting bolt.
  • the support member includes a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and a connecting plate.
  • the connecting plate is disposed between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate.
  • the supporting member has a cross section of an I-shape, and the connecting bolt passes through a hollow.
  • the rectangular tube, the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate and the other hollow rectangular tube connect the hollow rectangular tube and the supporting member; of course, the supporting member may also be a hollow rectangular frame, and the connecting bolt passes through a hollow rectangular tube,
  • the support member and the other hollow rectangular tube connect the hollow rectangular tube and the support member.
  • the hollow rectangular tube 11 and the connecting member form a frame body, and the template body 20 is covered around the frame body.
  • the template skin 20 includes a left template skin 201 and a right template skin 202.
  • the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202 have a U-shaped cross section, and the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202 overlap at the joint and are connected by screws. ; fastening screws are provided between the template skin 20 and the hollow rectangular tube.
  • the template skin is divided into the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202, so that it is easy to install and disassemble the template skin; in addition, at the junction of the left template skin 201 and the right template skin 202 The overlapping, therefore, can improve the connection strength between the left template skin and the right template skin; at the same time, there is a fastening screw between the template skin and the hollow rectangular tube, so that the connection between the template skin and the frame body is more firm.

Abstract

一种建筑物及其施工方法，建筑物包括立柱（1）、梁（4）及由骨架、支撑条（5）、横向支撑条（81）、纵向支撑条（82）、天花模板（9）及混凝土（10）形成的楼板；施工方法是：搭建立柱（1），安装梁（4），安装骨架，安装支撑条（5）、横向支撑条（81）、纵向支撑条（82），铺设天花模板（9），浇注混凝土（10）；该建筑物及建筑物施工方法，对建筑物的施工速度快、建筑物的强度高、成本低。

Description

说 明 书
一种建筑物及其施工方法 技术领域
本发明涉及建筑物及其施工方法。 背景技术
传统的楼房是通过从下到上依次砌砖墙实现的， 这种方式只能适合矮楼房， 并且 要使楼房具有大的承受力、 牢固性好， 则要求砖墙的厚度较厚， 因此， 不仅费料， 而且 施工的效率低。
现在， 为了适应高楼的建筑， 大部分已经使用钢筋混泥土的框架结构， 楼房的承 重主要有框架结构来承担， 这样， 对墙的要求较低， 使得耗材少， 施工效率高。
现有的楼房框架结构主要包括立柱、 梁及楼板。 立柱的成型方法是先绑扎钢筋， 然后安装模板，接着在模板内浇注混凝土，最后待混凝土凝固后拆除掉模板形成钢筋混 凝土立柱。 梁的成型方法是先绑扎钢筋， 然后安装模板， 接着在模板内浇注混凝土， 最 后待混凝土凝固后拆除掉模板形成钢筋混凝土梁。上述成型立柱和梁的方法都需要安装 和拆卸模板， 因此， 施工的速度慢。过去成型楼板的方法是通过在梁上铺设预制板实现 的， 该方法的缺陷是： 由于预制板的重量较重， 因此， 劳动强度大， 而且容易出现预制 板坠落的现象， 施工起来极其的不安全， 另外， 当预制板铺设好后， 还需要对天花进行 装修， 从而延长了施工期， 且成本高。 现在， 大多采用的方法是： 先安装模板， 然后铺 设钢筋， 接着浇注混凝土， 最后待混凝土凝固后拆卸模板， 这样， 不仅会使用到大量的 模板， 造成资源的消耗量大， 而且需要在混凝土凝固后才能拆卸模板， 因此， 施工的工 期长， 另外， 需要对天花进行装修， 因此， 延长了施工期， 且成本高。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种建筑物及其施工方法， 利用本发明的技术方案， 对建筑 物的施工速度快， 建筑物的强度高， 成本低。
为达到上述目的， 建筑物的技术方案是： 建筑物包括立柱及梁， 两立柱之间设有 梁； 在梁之间设有由横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管组成的骨架， 两相邻横向空心矩 形管和两相邻纵向空心矩形管之间形成第一腔体，在横向空心矩形管、纵向空心矩形管 和梁之间形成有第二腔体；在梁的下方通过拉杆连接有支撑条，支撑条与梁之间有间隙; 在横向空心矩形管的下方通过拉杆连接有横向支撑条，横向支撑条与横向空心矩形管之 间有间隙； 在纵向空心矩形管的下方通过拉杆连接有纵向支撑条， 纵向支撑条与纵向空 心矩形管之间有间隙； 在第一腔体内设有由横向支撑条和纵向支撑条支承的天花模板， 在第二腔体内设有由横向支撑条、纵向支撑条和支撑条支承的天花模板； 在天花模板上 浇注有包裹横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管的混凝土。
上述结构， 天花模板即为将来房顶的天花， 不需要对天花进行另行的装修， 因此， 可縮短施工的工期短， 也降低了成本。 由于混凝土包覆着横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩 形管， 因此， 横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管相当于传统楼板内的钢筋， 使得建筑的 强度高； 另外， 横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管均为空心的， 因此， 相当于钢筋网结 构， 可减少混凝土的用量， 从而降低了成本。再有， 所述的立柱、梁、 龙骨架、支撑条、 横向支撑条、 纵向支撑条、 拉杆、 天花模板都可以在现场之外预制加工， 在现场只需要 安装和浇注混凝土即可， 因此， 能提高现场施工效率， 降低现场施工成本。
进一步的， 所述的立柱为工字钢。 工字钢型材为现有型材， 可直接取而用之， 相 对于现有的采用模板浇注成型立柱更加的快捷， 同时成本也低。
进一步的， 所述的立柱包括二根以上的空心矩形管及连接件， 连接件连接在空心 矩形管之间。所述的连接件将空心矩形管连接在一起成为整体， 因此， 该立柱的强度不 受影响， 与此同时， 空心矩形管之间具有间隙， 因此， 减少了耗材， 从而降低了成本。
进一步的， 所述的连接件包括支承件及连接螺栓， 支承件包括第一固定板、 第二 固定板、 连接板， 连接板设在第一固定板和第二固定板之间， 支承件的截面为工字型， 所述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、第一固定板、第二固定板及另一空心矩形管将空心 矩形管和支承件连接起来。所述的工字型的支承件，第一固定板和第二固定板的连接面 积大， 因此， 不仅能将空心矩形管牢固的连接在一起， 而且节省材料， 同时， 利用连接 螺栓进一步进行紧固， 能进一步提高连接强度。
进一步的， 所述的连接件包括支承件及连接螺栓， 支承件为空心矩形框， 所述的 连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、 支承件及另一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起 来。所述的空心矩形框的支承件连接面积大， 因此， 不仅能将空心矩形管牢固的连接在 一起， 而且节省材料， 同时， 利用连接螺栓进一步进行紧固， 能进一步提高连接强度。
进一步的， 空心矩形管和连接件形成框架体， 在框架体的四周包覆有模板皮， 该 结构能进一步提高立柱的强度， 同时还能保护框架体。 另外， 当建筑物施工完成后， 可 将模板皮留置在立柱上， 也可拆卸下来。
进一步的， 所述的模板皮包括左模板皮和右模板皮， 左模板皮和右模板皮的截面 为 u形， 左模板皮和右模板皮在连接处重叠， 且通过螺钉连接； 模板皮和空心矩形管 之间设有紧固螺钉。在建筑物中， 由于立柱的高度较高， 将模板皮分割成左模板皮和右 模板皮，则便于安装和拆卸模板皮； 另外，在左模板皮和右模板皮的连接处重叠， 因此， 能提高左模板皮和右模板皮的连接强度； 同时， 模板皮与空心矩形管之间有紧固螺钉， 因此， 模板皮与框架体的连接更加的牢固。
进一步的， 在模板皮内浇注有混泥土， 以进一步提高立柱的强度； 同时， 该模板 皮相当于传统的模板， 但该模板皮不需要拆卸， 因此， 施工的速度更加的快。
进一步的， 在立柱上设有用于支承梁的支承脚， 以提高对梁的支承强度。
进一步的， 在立柱之间位于梁的下方设有支承梁的下梁， 以提高梁的支承强度。 进一步的， 在立柱上设有用于支承下梁的支承脚， 以提高对下梁的支承强度。 进一步的， 所述的梁包括二组以上的基梁、 端板及梁连接件， 每组基梁包括一根 以上的空心矩形管； 在基梁的两端分别设有所述的端板； 所述的梁连接件包括梁支承件 及梁连接螺栓， 梁支承件包括第一梁固定板、第二梁固定板及梁连接板， 梁连接板设在 第一梁固定板和第二梁固定板之间，梁支承件的截面为工字型，所述的梁连接螺栓穿自 一组基梁经第一梁固定板、第二梁固定板连接到相邻的基梁上。该梁结构不仅能节省材 料， 减轻梁的重量， 而且强度也能达到建筑物的要求。
进一步的， 支撑条的中部设有自下向上冲压成型的凸起， 该凸起能对天花模板具 有抵挡作用， 防止天花模板横向移动， 以实现对天花模板的精确定位。
进一步的， 在支撑条的外侧边缘设有位于梁外侧且高于梁的抵挡边。 在浇注混凝 土时， 抵挡边可防止混凝土向外流动， 因此， 便于浇注楼板， 还能提高楼板的质量。
进一步的， 在横向支撑条的中部设有自下向上冲压成型的横向凸起； 在纵向支撑 条的中部设有自下向上冲压成型的纵向凸起。该横向和纵向凸起能对天花模板具有抵挡 作用， 防止天花模板横向移动， 以实现对天花模板的精确定位。
进一步的， 在骨架的上表面位于横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管连接处设有上 压板，在骨架的下表面位于横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管连接处设有下压板， 螺栓 经上压板穿过骨架连接到下压板上； 在梁和骨架的连接处位于骨架的上表面设有上压 板，在梁和骨架的连接处位于骨架的下表面设有下压板， 螺栓经上压板穿过骨架及梁连 接到下压板上。通过设置上压板、下压板及螺栓， 则能提高横向空心矩形管和纵向空心 矩形之间的连接牢固性， 能提高骨架与梁的连接牢固性。
进一步的， 在立柱上位于骨架的上方设有向骨架方向延伸的钢筋， 钢筋包裹在混 凝土内， 以提高楼板的强度。
一种建筑物的施工方法， 包括如下步骤。 ( 1 ) 搭建立柱。
(2) 在两立柱之间连接梁。
( 3 )将由横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管组成的骨架连接到梁上， 其中， 两相 邻横向空心矩形管和两相邻纵向空心矩形管之间形成第一腔体，在横向空心矩形管、纵 向空心矩形管和梁之间形成有第二腔体。
(4)在梁的下方通过拉杆连接支撑条， 支撑条的内侧边伸出梁的内侧， 在支撑条 与梁之间留间隙； 在横向空心矩形管的下方通过拉杆连接横向支撑条，横向支撑条的两 相对侧边伸出横向空心矩形管，在横向支撑条与横向空心矩形管之间留间隙； 在纵向空 心矩形管的下方通过拉杆连接纵向支撑条，纵向支撑条的两相对侧边伸出纵向空心矩形 管， 在纵向支撑条与纵向空心矩形管之间留间隙。
( 5 )在第一腔体内铺设由横向支撑条和纵向支撑条支承的天花模板， 在第二腔体 内铺设由横向支撑条、 纵向支撑条和支撑条支承的天花模板。
( 6)在天花模板上浇注混凝土， 浇注完成后， 混凝土包裹在横向空心矩形管和纵 向空心矩形管上。
(7 ) 混凝土凝固后形成楼板。
上述施工方法， 天花模板即为将来房顶的天花， 不需要对天花进行另行的装修， 因此，可縮短施工的工期短，也降低了成本。在浇注混凝土时，梁与支撑条之间有间隙， 横向空心矩形管与横向支撑条之间有间隙， 纵向空心矩形管与纵向支撑条之间有间隙， 这样， 混凝土会包覆着横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管， 因此， 横向空心矩形管和纵 向空心矩形管相当于传统楼板内的钢筋， 使得建筑的强度高； 另外， 横向空心矩形管和 纵向空心矩形管均为空心的， 因此， 相当于钢筋网结构， 可减少混凝土的用量， 从而降 低了成本。 再有， 所述的立柱、梁、 龙骨架、支撑条、横向支撑条、 纵向支撑条、 拉杆、 天花模板都可以在现场之外预制加工， 在现场只需要安装和浇注混凝土即可， 因此， 能 提高现场施工效率， 降低现场施工成本。
进一步的， 将二根以上的空心矩形管通过连接件连接起来形成立柱。 所述的连接 件将空心矩形管连接在一起成为整体， 因此， 该立柱的强度不受影响， 与此同时， 空心 矩形管之间具有间隙， 因此， 减少了耗材， 从而降低了成本。
进一步的， 所述的连接件包括支承件及连接螺栓， 支承件包括第一固定板、 第二 固定板、 连接板， 连接板设在第一固定板和第二固定板之间， 支承件的截面为工字型， 所述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、第一固定板、第二固定板及另一空心矩形管将空心 矩形管和支承件连接起来。所述的工字型的支承件，第一固定板和第二固定板的连接面 积大， 因此， 不仅能将空心矩形管牢固的连接在一起， 而且节省材料， 同时， 利用连接 螺栓进一步进行紧固， 能进一步提高连接强度。
进一步的， 所述的连接件包括支承件及连接螺栓， 支承件为空心矩形框， 所述的 连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、 支承件及另一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起 来。所述的空心矩形框的支承件连接面积大， 因此， 不仅能将空心矩形管牢固的连接在 一起， 而且节省材料， 同时， 利用连接螺栓进一步进行紧固， 能进一步提高连接强度。
进一步的， 空心矩形管和连接形成框架体， 在框架体的四周包覆模板皮， 所述的 模板皮能提高立柱的强度， 同时还能保护框架体。
进一步的， 在浇注混凝土时， 同时向模板皮内浇注混凝土， 以进一步提高立柱的 强度； 同时， 该模板皮相当于传统的模板， 但该模板皮不需要拆卸， 因此， 施工的速度 更加的快。
进一步的， 连接梁之前， 在立柱上焊接支承脚， 然后在立柱之间连接由支承脚支 承的梁， 以提高对梁的支承牢固性。
进一步的， 所述的梁包括二组以上的基梁、 端板及梁连接件， 每组基梁包括一根 以上的空心矩形管； 在基梁的两端分别设有所述的端板； 所述的梁连接件包括梁支承件 及梁连接螺栓， 梁支承件包括第一梁固定板、第二梁固定板及梁连接板， 梁连接板设在 第一梁固定板和第二梁固定板之间，梁支承件的截面为工字型，所述的梁连接螺栓穿自 一组基梁经第一梁固定板、第二梁固定板连接到相邻的基梁上。该梁结构不仅能节省材 料， 减轻梁的重量， 而且强度也能达到建筑物的要求。
进一步的， 支撑条的中部设有自下向上冲压成型的凸起， 该凸起能对天花模板具 有抵挡作用， 防止天花模板横向移动， 以实现对天花模板的精确定位。在支撑条的外侧 边缘设有位于梁外侧且高于梁的抵挡边。在浇注混凝土时，抵挡边可防止混凝土向外流 动， 因此， 便于浇注楼板， 还能提高楼板的质量。 在横向支撑条的中部设有自下向上冲 压成型的横向凸起； 在纵向支撑条的中部设有自下向上冲压成型的纵向凸起。该横向和 纵向凸起能对天花模板具有抵挡作用， 防止天花模板横向移动， 以实现对天花模板的精 确定位。
进一步的， 骨架连接好后， 在骨架的上表面位于横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形 管连接处设置上压板，在骨架的下表面位于横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管连接处设 置下压板， 螺栓经上压板穿过骨架连接到下压板上； 在梁和骨架的连接处位于骨架的上 表面设置上压板，在梁和骨架的连接处位于骨架的下表面设置下压板， 螺栓经上压板穿 过骨架及梁连接到下压板上。通过设置上压板、下压板及螺栓， 则能提高横向空心矩形 管和纵向空心矩形之间的连接牢固性， 能提高骨架与梁的连接牢固性。 附图说明
图 1为第一实施方式建筑物的结构示意图。
图 2为第一实施方式未浇注混凝土时建筑物的结构示意图。
图 3为第一实施方式建筑物的分解图。
图 4为图 3中 A的放大图。
图 5为图 3中 B的放大图。
图 6为图 3中 C的放大图。
图 7为图 3中 D的放大图。
图 8为图 3中 E的放大图。
图 9为横向支撑条的截面示意图。
图 10为纵向支撑条的截面示意图。
图 11为支承脚的结构示意图。
图 12为梁支承件的结构示意图。
图 13为第二实施方式建筑物的分解图。
图 14为图 13中 F的放大图。
图 15为图 13中 G的放大图。
图 16为第三实施方式建筑物的分解图。
图 17为图 16中 H的放大图。
图 18为横向支撑条上装有装饰条的结构示意图。
图 19为图 16中 I的放大图。
图 20为图 16中 J的放大图。
图 21为建筑物另一结构的分解图。
图 22为图 21中 K的放大图。
图 23为图 21中 L的放大图。
图 24为建筑物另一结构的分解图。
图 25为图 24中 M的放大图。
图 26为图 24中 N的放大图。
图 27为建筑物另一结构的分解图。
图 28为图 27中 P的放大图。
图 29为图 27中 Q的放大图。
图 30为横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管连接处的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
第一实施方式。
如图 1至图 3所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1， 在本实施方式中， 立柱 1为工字钢， 工 字钢型材为现有型材， 可直接取而用之，相对于现有的采用模板浇注成型立柱更加的快 捷， 同时成本也低。
如图 3至图 5所示， 在立柱 1上安装有支承脚 2， 如图 11所示， 支承脚 2包括固 定板 21、 支承板 22及筋板 23， 支承板 22连接在固定板 21的上端， 支承板 22和固定 板 21呈 90度角， 筋板 23连接在固定板 21和支承板 22之间， 以提高支承脚的强度。 固定板 21焊接在立柱 1的侧面上， 支承板 22用于支承下梁。
在横向和纵向的两相邻立柱之间焊接有下梁 3， 下梁 3同时也由支承脚 2支承， 以提高下梁的承载能力和连接的牢固性。 下梁 3的截面为 C形。
在横向和纵向的两相邻立柱之间位于下梁 3的上方设有梁 4。 如图 2和图 6所示， 所述的梁 4包括二组以上的基梁 41、 端板 42及梁连接件 43， 每组基梁 41包括一根空 心矩形管 411 ; 在基梁的两端设有所述的端板 42， 端板 42通过螺栓连接到立柱 1上。 如图 6所示， 所述的梁连接件 43包括梁支承件 431及梁连接螺栓 432; 如图 12所示， 梁支承件 431包括第一梁固定板 4311、第二梁固定板 4312及梁连接板 4313， 梁连接板 4313设在第一梁固定板 4311和第二梁固定板 4312之间， 梁支承件 431的截面为工字 型， 所述的梁连接螺栓 432穿自一组基梁经第一梁固定板 4311、 第二梁固定板 4312连 接到相邻的基梁上。该梁结构不仅能节省材料， 减轻梁的重量， 而且强度也能达到建筑 物的要求。
在梁 4和下梁 3之间设有支撑条 5。 如图 6所示， 支撑条 5的中部设有自下向上 冲压成型的凸起 51， 拉杆 6穿过凸起 51和梁 4将支撑条 5和梁 4连接起来，在凸起 51 和梁 4之间具有间隙， 便于混凝土填充到间隙内， 所述的凸起 51能对天花模板具有抵 挡作用， 防止天花模板横向移动， 以实现对天花模板的精确定位。支撑条 5的内侧边缘 伸出梁 4， 用于承载天花模板。 在支撑条 5的外侧边缘设有位于梁外侧且高于梁的抵挡 边 52， 在浇注混凝土时， 抵挡边 52可防止混凝土向外流动， 因此， 便于浇注楼板， 还 能提高楼板的质量。
如图 2、 图 3和图 8所示， 在梁 4之间设有由横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形 管 72组成的骨架，横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72之间通过角码连接在一起， 当然， 也可以通过焊接连接； 骨架与梁通过角码连接在一起； 两相邻横向空心矩形管和 两相邻纵向空心矩形管之间形成第一腔体 73， 在横向空心矩形管、 纵向空心矩形管和 梁之间形成有第二腔体 74。 如图 2和图 7所示， 在横向空心矩形管 71的下方通过拉杆 6连接有横向支撑条 81， 如图 9所示， 在横向支撑条 81的中部设有自下向上冲压成型 的横向凸起 811， 横向支撑条 81与横向空心矩形管 71之间有间隙， 所述的横向支撑条 81的两相对边伸出横向空心矩形管 71 ; 如图 2和图 7所示，在纵向空心矩形管 72的下 方通过拉杆 6连接有纵向支撑条 82， 如图 9所示， 在纵向支撑条的中部设有自下向上 冲压成型的纵向凸起 821， 纵向支撑条, 8与纵向空心矩形管 72之间有间隙， 纵向支撑 条 82的两相对边伸出纵向空心矩形管 72。 所述的横向凸起 811和纵向凸起 821用于抵 挡天花模板， 实现对天花模板的精确定位。
如图 30所示，在骨架的上表面位于横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管连接处设有 上压板 91， 在骨架的下表面位于横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管连接处设有下压板 92， 螺栓 93经上压板 91穿过骨架连接到下压板 92上； 在梁和骨架的连接处位于骨架 的上表面设有上压板 91， 在梁和骨架的连接处位于骨架的下表面设有下压板 92， 螺栓 93经上压板 91穿过骨架及梁连接到下压板 92上。通过设置上压板 91、下压板 92及螺 栓 93， 则能提高横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形之间的连接牢固性， 能提高骨架与梁 的连接牢固性。
在立柱 1上位于骨架的上方设有向骨架方向延伸的钢筋 83， 钢筋被包裹在混凝土 内。
在第一腔体 73内设有由横向支撑条和纵向支撑条支承的天花模板 9， 在第二腔体 74内设有由横向支撑条、纵向支撑条和支撑条支承的天花模板 9; 在天花模板 9上浇注 有包裹横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管的混凝土 10， 待混凝土凝固后则形成楼板。
上述建筑物的施工方法是。
( 1 ) 搭建立柱 1， 在立柱 1上焊接支承脚 2。
(2) 在横向和纵向方向上， 两相邻立柱之间焊接下梁 3， 在焊接过程中， 使下梁 3由支承脚 2支承。
(3)将梁连接螺栓 432自一空心矩形管经第一梁固定板 4311、第二梁固定板 4312 连接到相邻的空心矩形管上， 将端板 42焊接到基梁的两端形成梁 4; 通过拉杆 6将支 撑条和梁连接起来， 并保证支撑条和梁之间有间隙； 将梁 4的端板 42通过螺栓连接到 立柱 1， 且使梁 4位于下梁 3的上方。
(4)将横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72通过角码连接起来， 当然， 也可 以通过焊接连接，将由横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72组成的骨架通过角码连 接到梁 4上，其中， 两相邻横向空心矩形管和两相邻纵向空心矩形管之间形成第一腔体 73， 在横向空心矩形管、 纵向空心矩形管和梁之间形成有第二腔体 74。 (5)在横向空心矩形管 71的下方通过拉杆 6连接横向支撑条 81， 横向支撑条 81 的两相对侧边伸出横向空心矩形管 71， 在横向支撑条 81与横向空心矩形管 71之间留 间隙； 在纵向空心矩形管 72的下方通过拉杆 6连接纵向支撑条 82， 纵向支撑条 82的 两相对侧边伸出纵向空心矩形管 72， 在纵向支撑条 82与纵向空心矩形管 72之间留间 隙。 在立柱 1上位于骨架的上方焊接向骨架方向延伸的钢筋 83。
(6) 如图 30所示， 骨架连接好后， 在骨架的上表面位于横向空心矩形管和纵向 空心矩形管连接处设置上压板 91， 在骨架的下表面位于横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩 形管连接处设置下压板 92， 螺栓 93经上压板 91穿过骨架连接到下压板 92上； 在梁 4 和骨架的连接处位于骨架的上表面设置上压板 91， 在梁和骨架的连接处位于骨架的下 表面设置下压板 92， 螺栓经上压板 91穿过骨架及梁连接到下压板 92上。
(7) 在第一腔体 73 内铺设由横向支撑条和纵向支撑条支承的天花模板 9， 在第 二腔体 74内铺设由横向支撑条、 纵向支撑条和支撑条支承的天花模板 9。
( 8) 在天花模板 9上浇注混凝土 10， 浇注完成后， 混凝土 10包裹在横向空心矩 形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72、 钢筋 83及梁上， 所述的梁形成暗藏梁。
(9) 混凝土凝固后形成楼板。
在本实施方式中， 天花模板 9即为将来房顶的天花， 不需要对天花进行另行的装 修， 因此， 可縮短施工的工期短， 也降低了成本。 由于混凝土 10包覆着横向空心矩形 管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72， 因此， 横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72相当于传 统楼板内的钢筋， 使得建筑的强度高； 另外， 横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72 均为空心的， 相当于钢筋网结构， 因此， 可减少混凝土的用量， 从而降低了成本。再有， 所述的立柱、 梁、 龙骨架、 支撑条、 横向支撑条、 纵向支撑条、 拉杆、 天花模板都可以 在现场之外预制加工， 在现场只需要安装和浇注混凝土即可， 因此， 能提高现场施工效 率， 降低现场施工成本。
该建筑物由于设置了立柱 1、 下梁 3及楼板， 梁被包裹在混凝土内形成暗梁， 因 此， 形成了中国式的梁板柱结构的建筑物。 第二实施方式。
如图 13所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1， 在本实施方式中， 立柱 1为工字钢， 工字钢型 材为现有型材， 可直接取而用之， 相对于现有的采用模板成型立柱更加的快捷， 同时成 本也低。
如图 13所示， 在立柱 1上安装有支承脚 2， 如图 11所示， 支承脚 2包括固定板 21、 支承板 22及筋板 23， 支承板 22连接在固定板 21的上端， 支承板 22和固定板 21 呈 90度角， 筋板 23连接在固定板 21和支承板 22之间， 以提高支承脚的强度。 固定板 21焊接在立柱 1的侧面上， 支承板 22用于支承梁 4。
在横向和纵向的两相邻立柱之间设有梁 4。 如图 13和图 14所示， 所述的梁 4包 括二组以上的基梁 41、 端板 42及梁连接件 43， 每组基梁 41包括一根空心矩形管 411 ; 在基梁的两端分别设有所述的端板 42， 端板 42通过螺栓连接到立柱 1上。 如图 13和 图 14所示， 所述的梁连接件 43包括梁支承件 431及梁连接螺栓 432; 如图 12所示， 梁支承件 431包括第一梁固定板 4311、第二梁固定板 4312及梁连接板 4313， 梁连接板 4313设在第一梁固定板 4311和第二梁固定板 4312之间， 梁支承件 431的截面为工字 型， 所述的梁连接螺栓 432穿自一组基梁经第一梁固定板 4311、 第二梁固定板 4312连 接到相邻的基梁上。该梁结构不仅能节省材料， 减轻梁的重量， 而且强度也能达到建筑 物的要求。
在梁 4的下方设有支撑条 5。 如图 14所示， 拉杆 6穿过支撑条 5和梁 4将支撑条 5和梁 4连接起来， 支撑条由支承脚支承， 从而也起到了支承梁的作用， 在支撑条 5和 梁 4之间具有间隙， 便于混凝土填充到间隙内。 支撑条 5的内侧边缘伸出梁 4， 用于承 载天花模板。 在支撑条 5的外侧边缘设有位于梁外侧且高于梁的抵挡边 52， 在浇注混 凝土时， 抵挡边 52可防止混凝土向外流动， 因此， 便于浇注楼板， 还能提高楼板的质 如图 13和图 15所示， 在梁 4之间设有由横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72组成的骨架， 横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72之间通过角码连接在一起； 骨架与梁通过角码连接在一起；两相邻横向空心矩形管和两相邻纵向空心矩形管之间形 成第一腔体 73， 在横向空心矩形管、 纵向空心矩形管和梁之间形成有第二腔体 74。 如 图 13和图 15所示， 在纵向空心矩形管 72的下方通过拉杆 6连接有纵向支撑条 82， 如 图 9所示，在纵向支撑条的中部设有自下向上冲压成型的纵向凸起 821， 纵向支撑条 82 与纵向空心矩形管 72之间有间隙， 纵向支撑条 82的两相对边伸出纵向空心矩形管 72。 所述的纵向凸起 821用于抵挡天花模板， 实现对天花模板的精确定位。
在立柱 1上位于骨架的上方设有向骨架方向延伸的钢筋 83，钢筋包裹在混凝土内。 在第一腔体 73内设有由纵向支撑条支承的天花模板 9， 在第二腔体 74内设有由 纵向支撑条和支撑条支承的天花模板 9; 在天花模板 9上浇注有包裹横向空心矩形管和 纵向空心矩形管的混凝土 10， 待混凝土凝固后则形成楼板。
上述建筑物的施工方法是；
( 1 ) 搭建立柱 1， 在立柱 1上焊接支承脚 2。
(2)将梁连接螺栓 432自一空心矩形管经第一梁固定板 4311、第二梁固定板 4312 连接到相邻的空心矩形管上， 将端板 42焊接到基梁的两端形成梁 4; 通过拉杆 6将支 撑条和梁连接起来， 并保证支撑条和梁之间有间隙； 将梁 4的端板 42通过螺栓连接到 立柱 1， 支撑条由支承脚支承。
(3)将横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72通过角码连接起来， 将由横向空 心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72组成的骨架通过角码连接到梁 4上，其中， 两相邻横 向空心矩形管和两相邻纵向空心矩形管之间形成第一腔体 73， 在横向空心矩形管、 纵 向空心矩形管和梁之间形成有第二腔体 74。
(4)在纵向空心矩形管 72的下方通过拉杆 6连接纵向支撑条 82， 纵向支撑条 82 的两相对侧边伸出纵向空心矩形管 72， 在纵向支撑条 82与纵向空心矩形管 72之间留 间隙。 在立柱 1上位于骨架的上方焊接向骨架方向延伸的钢筋 83。
(6) 在第一腔体 73内铺设由纵向支撑条支承的天花模板 9， 在第二腔体 74内铺 设由纵向支撑条和支撑条支承的天花模板 9。
(7) 在天花模板 9上浇注混凝土 10， 浇注完成后， 混凝土 10包裹在横向空心矩 形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72、 梁 4及钢筋 83上。
( 8) 混凝土凝固后形成楼板。
在本实施方式中， 天花模板 9即为将来房顶的天花， 不需要对天花进行另行的装 修， 因此， 可縮短施工的工期短， 也降低了成本。 由于混凝土 10包覆着横向空心矩形 管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72， 因此， 横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72相当于传 统楼板内的钢筋， 使得建筑的强度高； 另外， 横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72 均为空心的， 相当于钢筋网结构， 因此， 可减少混凝土的用量， 从而降低了成本。再有， 所述的立柱、 梁、 龙骨架、 支撑条、 横向支撑条、 纵向支撑条、 拉杆、 天花模板都可以 在现场之外预制加工， 在现场只需要安装和浇注混凝土即可， 因此， 能提高现场施工效 率， 降低现场施工成本。
该建筑物由于设置了立柱 1、 梁 4及楼板， 梁 4被混凝土包裹形成暗梁， 楼板与 梁的下表面基本齐平， 因此， 形成了美国式的板柱结构的建筑物。 第三实施方式。
如图 16所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1， 在本实施方式中， 立柱 1为工字钢， 工字钢型 材为现有型材， 可直接取而用之， 相对于现有的采用模板成型立柱更加的快捷， 同时成 本也低。
如图 16所示， 在立柱 1上安装有支承脚 2， 如图 11所示， 支承脚 2包括固定板 21、 支承板 22及筋板 23， 支承板 22连接在固定板 21的上端， 支承板 22和固定板 21 呈 90度角， 筋板 23连接在固定板 21和支承板 22之间， 以提高支承脚的强度。 固定板 21焊接在立柱 1的侧面上， 支承板 22用于支承梁。
在横向和纵向的两相邻立柱之间位于下梁 3的上方设有梁 4。 如图 16和图 17所 示， 述的梁 4包括二组以上的基梁 41、 端板 42及梁连接件 43， 每组基梁 41包括二根 空心矩形管 411 ; 在基梁的两端分别设有所述的端板 42， 端板 42通过螺栓连接到立柱 1上。 如图 16和图 17所示， 所述的梁连接件 43包括梁支承件 431及梁连接螺栓 432; 如图 12所示， 梁支承件 431包括第一梁固定板 4311、 第二梁固定板 4312及梁连接板 4313 ,梁连接板 4313设在第一梁固定板 4311和第二梁固定板 4312之间，梁支承件 431 的截面为工字型， 所述的梁连接螺栓 432穿自一组基梁经第一梁固定板 4311、 第二梁 固定板 4312连接到相邻的基梁上。 该梁结构不仅能节省材料， 减轻梁的重量， 而且强 度也能达到建筑物的要求。
在梁 4的下方设有支撑条 5。 如图 17所示， 支撑条 5包括支撑连接板 511、 自支 撑连接板 511的内侧边缘向上延伸的支撑延伸部 512及自支撑延伸部 512向外延伸的支 撑部 513。 如图 17所示， 拉杆 6穿过支撑板 511和梁 4将支撑条 5和梁 4连接起来， 支撑条由支承脚支承， 从而也起到了支承梁的作用， 在支撑条 5和梁 4之间具有间隙， 便于混凝土填充到间隙内。 支撑部 513伸出梁 4， 用于承载天花模板。 在支撑条 5的外 侧边缘设有位于梁外侧且高于梁的抵挡边 52， 支撑板 511、 支撑延伸部 512及抵挡边 52形成容置槽 55， 梁 4被置于在容置槽 55内， 在浇注混凝土时， 抵挡边 52可防止混 凝土向外流动， 因此， 便于浇注楼板， 还能提高楼板的质量。
如图 16所示，在梁 4之间设有由横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72组成的 骨架，横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72之间通过角码连接在一起； 骨架与梁通 过角码连接在一起；两相邻横向空心矩形管和两相邻纵向空心矩形管之间形成第一腔体 73， 在横向空心矩形管、 纵向空心矩形管和梁之间形成有第二腔体 74。 如图 16所示， 在横向空心矩形管 71的下方通过拉杆 6连接有横向支撑条 81， 在横向支撑条 81的中 部设有横向凸起 811， 如图 18所示， 在横向支撑条 81的下表面与横向凸起相反且对应 的位置设有卡置槽 812， 在卡置槽 812上卡置有装饰板 10a， 如图 20所示， 装饰板 10a 包括板体 10al、 设在板体 10al上的连接板 10a2及设在连接板 10a2上的卡勾 10a3， 所 述的卡勾 10a3卡置在卡置槽 812内，横向支撑条 81与横向空心矩形管 71之间有间隙， 所述的横向支撑条 81的两相对边伸出横向空心矩形管 71。 如图 16所示， 在纵向空心 矩形管 72的下方通过拉杆 6连接有纵向支撑条 82， 如图 19所示， 在纵向支撑条的中 部设有纵向凸起 821， 在纵向支撑条 82的下表面与纵向凸起相反且对应的位置设有卡 置槽 822，在卡置槽 822上卡置有装饰板 10a，如图 20所示，装饰板 10a包括板体 10al、 设在板体 10al上的连接板 10a2及设在连接板 10a2上的卡勾 10a3，所述的卡勾 10a3卡 置在卡置槽 822内， 纵向支撑条 82与纵向空心矩形管 72之间有间隙， 纵向支撑条 82 的两相对边伸出纵向空心矩形管 72。 所述的纵向凸起 821用于抵挡天花模板， 实现对 天花模板的精确定位。
在立柱 1上位于骨架的上方设有向骨架方向延伸的钢筋 83，钢筋包裹在混凝土内。 在第一腔体 73内设有由横向支撑条和纵向支撑条支承的天花模板 9， 在第二腔体 74内设有由横向支撑条、纵向支撑条和支撑条支承的天花模板 9; 在天花模板 9上浇注 有包裹横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管的混凝土 10， 待混凝土凝固后则形成楼板。
上述建筑物的施工方法是；
( 1 ) 搭建立柱 1， 在立柱 1上焊接支承脚 2。
(2)将梁连接螺栓 432自一空心矩形管经第一梁固定板 4311、第二梁固定板 4312 连接到相邻的空心矩形管上， 将端板 42焊接到基梁的两端形成梁 4; 通过拉杆 6将支 撑条和梁连接起来， 并保证支撑条和梁之间有间隙； 将梁 4的端板 42通过螺栓连接到 立柱 1， 支撑条由支承脚支承。
( 3 )将横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72通过角码连接起来， 将由横向空 心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72组成的骨架通过角码连接到梁 4上，其中， 两相邻横 向空心矩形管和两相邻纵向空心矩形管之间形成第一腔体 73， 在横向空心矩形管、 纵 向空心矩形管和梁之间形成有第二腔体 74。
(4)在纵向空心矩形管 72的下方通过拉杆 6连接纵向支撑条 82， 纵向支撑条 82 的两相对侧边伸出纵向空心矩形管 72， 在纵向支撑条 82与纵向空心矩形管 72之间留 间隙。 在立柱 1上位于骨架的上方焊接向骨架方向延伸的钢筋 83。
( 6) 在第一腔体 73内铺设由纵向支撑条支承的天花模板 9， 在第二腔体 74内铺 设由纵向支撑条和支撑条支承的天花模板 9。
(7 ) 在天花模板 9上浇注混凝土 10， 浇注完成后， 混凝土 10包裹在横向空心矩 形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72及钢筋 83上。
( 8 ) 混凝土凝固后形成楼板。
( 9) 在横向支撑条 81和纵向支撑条 82上分别卡置装饰板 10a。
在本实施方式中， 天花模板 9即为将来房顶的天花， 不需要对天花进行另行的装 修， 因此， 可縮短施工的工期短， 也降低了成本。 由于混凝土 10包覆着横向空心矩形 管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72， 因此， 横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72相当于传 统楼板内的钢筋， 使得建筑的强度高； 另外， 横向空心矩形管 71和纵向空心矩形管 72 均为空心的， 相当于钢筋网结构， 因此， 可减少混凝土的用量， 从而降低了成本。再有， 所述的立柱、 梁、 龙骨架、 支撑条、 横向支撑条、 纵向支撑条、 拉杆、 天花模板都可以 在现场之外预制加工， 在现场只需要安装和浇注混凝土即可， 因此， 能提高现场施工效 率， 降低现场施工成本。
该建筑物由于设置了立柱 1、 梁 4及楼板， 梁 4被混凝土包裹形成暗梁， 所述的 支撑条低于楼板， 因此， 形成了美国式的板柱结构的建筑物。 第四实施方式。
如图 21所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1， 如图 22和图 23所示， 所述的立柱 1包括二根 以上的空心矩形管 11及连接件 12。 所述的连接件 12包括支承件 121及连接螺栓 122， 支承件 121包括第一固定板 1211、 第二固定板 1212、 连接板 1213， 连接板 1213设在 第一固定板 1211和第二固定板 1212之间， 支承件 121的截面为工字型， 所述的连接螺 栓 122穿过一空心矩形管、 第一固定板 1211、 第二固定板 1212及另一空心矩形管将空 心矩形管和支承件连接起来。所述的工字型的支承件，第一固定板和第二固定板的连接 面积大， 因此， 不仅能将空心矩形管牢固的连接在一起， 而且节省材料， 同时， 利用连 接螺栓进一步进行紧固， 能进一步提高连接强度。
除了立柱以外， 其他的结构与第一实施方式一样。 第五实施方式。
如图 21所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1， 如图 22和图 23所示， 所述的立柱 1包括二根 以上的空心矩形管 11及连接件 12。 所述的连接件 12包括支承件 121及连接螺栓 122， 支承件 121包括第一固定板 1211、 第二固定板 1212、 连接板 1213， 连接板 1213设在 第一固定板 1211和第二固定板 1212之间， 支承件 121的截面为工字型， 所述的连接螺 栓 122穿过一空心矩形管、 第一固定板 1211、 第二固定板 1212及另一空心矩形管将空 心矩形管和支承件连接起来。所述的工字型的支承件，第一固定板和第二固定板的连接 面积大， 因此， 不仅能将空心矩形管牢固的连接在一起， 而且节省材料， 同时， 利用连 接螺栓进一步进行紧固， 能进一步提高连接强度。
除了立柱以外， 其他的结构与第二实施方式一样。 第六实施方式。
如图 21所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1， 如图 22和图 23所示， 所述的立柱 1包括二根 以上的空心矩形管 11及连接件 12。 所述的连接件 12包括支承件 121及连接螺栓 122， 支承件 121包括第一固定板 1211、 第二固定板 1212、 连接板 1213， 连接板 1213设在 第一固定板 1211和第二固定板 1212之间， 支承件 121的截面为工字型， 所述的连接螺 栓 122穿过一空心矩形管、 第一固定板 1211、 第二固定板 1212及另一空心矩形管将空 心矩形管和支承件连接起来。所述的工字型的支承件，第一固定板和第二固定板的连接 面积大， 因此， 不仅能将空心矩形管牢固的连接在一起， 而且节省材料， 同时， 利用连 接螺栓进一步进行紧固， 能进一步提高连接强度。
除了立柱以外， 其他的结构与第三实施方式一样。 第七实施方式。
如图 24所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1， 如图 25和图 26所示， 所述的立柱 1包括二根 以上的空心矩形管 11及连接件 12。 所述的连接件 12包括支承件 123及连接螺栓 122， 支承件 123为空心矩形框，所述的连接螺栓 122穿过一空心矩形管、支承件及另一空心 矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起来。
除了立柱以外， 其他的结构与第一实施方式一样。 第八实施方式。
如图 24所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1， 如图 25和图 26所示， 所述的立柱 1包括二根 以上的空心矩形管 11及连接件 12。 所述的连接件 12包括支承件 123及连接螺栓 122， 支承件 123为空心矩形框，所述的连接螺栓 122穿过一空心矩形管、支承件及另一空心 矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起来。
除了立柱以外， 其他的结构与第二实施方式一样。 第九实施方式。
如图 24所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1， 如图 25和图 26所示， 所述的立柱 1包括二根 以上的空心矩形管 11及连接件 12。 所述的连接件 12包括支承件 123及连接螺栓 122， 支承件 123为空心矩形框，所述的连接螺栓 122穿过一空心矩形管、支承件及另一空心 矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起来。
除了立柱以外， 其他的结构与第三实施方式一样。 第十实施方式。
如图 27所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1。 如图 28和图 29所示， 所述的立柱 1包括二根 以上的空心矩形管 11及连接件 12。 所述的连接件 12包括支承件及连接螺栓。 支承件 包括第一固定板、 第二固定板、 连接板， 连接板设在第一固定板和第二固定板之间， 支 承件的截面为工字型， 所述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、第一固定板、第二固定板及 另一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起来； 当然支承件也可以为空心矩形框，所 述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、支承件及另一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接 起来。
如图 28和图 29所示， 空心矩形管 11和连接件形成框架体， 在框架体的四周包覆 有模板皮 20。 所述的模板皮 20包括左模板皮 201和右模板皮 202， 左模板皮 201和右 模板皮 202的截面为 U形， 左模板皮 201和右模板皮 202在连接处重叠， 且通过螺钉 连接； 模板皮 20和空心矩形管之间设有紧固螺钉。在建筑物中， 由于立柱的高度较高， 将模板皮分割成左模板皮 201和右模板皮 202， 则便于安装和拆卸模板皮； 另外， 在左 模板皮 201和右模板皮 202的连接处重叠， 因此， 能提高左模板皮和右模板皮的连接强 度； 同时， 模板皮与空心矩形管之间有紧固螺钉， 因此， 模板皮与框架体的连接更加的 牢固。
除了立柱以外， 其他的结构与第一实施方式一样。 第 ^一实施方式。
如图 27所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1。 如图 28和图 29所示， 所述的立柱 1包括二根 以上的空心矩形管 11及连接件 12。 所述的连接件 12包括支承件及连接螺栓。 支承件 包括第一固定板、 第二固定板、 连接板， 连接板设在第一固定板和第二固定板之间， 支 承件的截面为工字型， 所述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、第一固定板、第二固定板及 另一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起来； 当然支承件也可以为空心矩形框，所 述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、支承件及另一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接 起来。
如图 28和图 29所示， 空心矩形管 11和连接件形成框架体， 在框架体的四周包覆 有模板皮 20。 所述的模板皮 20包括左模板皮 201和右模板皮 202， 左模板皮 201和右 模板皮 202的截面为 U形， 左模板皮 201和右模板皮 202在连接处重叠， 且通过螺钉 连接； 模板皮 20和空心矩形管之间设有紧固螺钉。在建筑物中， 由于立柱的高度较高， 将模板皮分割成左模板皮 201和右模板皮 202， 则便于安装和拆卸模板皮； 另外， 在左 模板皮 201和右模板皮 202的连接处重叠， 因此， 能提高左模板皮和右模板皮的连接强 度； 同时， 模板皮与空心矩形管之间有紧固螺钉， 因此， 模板皮与框架体的连接更加的 牢固。
除了立柱以外， 其他的结构与第二实施方式一样。 第十二实施方式。
如图 27所示， 建筑物包括立柱 1。 如图 28和图 29所示， 所述的立柱 1包括二根 以上的空心矩形管 11及连接件 12。 所述的连接件 12包括支承件及连接螺栓。 支承件 包括第一固定板、 第二固定板、 连接板， 连接板设在第一固定板和第二固定板之间， 支 承件的截面为工字型， 所述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、第一固定板、第二固定板及 另一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起来； 当然支承件也可以为空心矩形框，所 述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、支承件及另一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接 起来。
如图 28和图 29所示， 空心矩形管 11和连接件形成框架体， 在框架体的四周包覆 有模板皮 20。 所述的模板皮 20包括左模板皮 201和右模板皮 202， 左模板皮 201和右 模板皮 202的截面为 U形， 左模板皮 201和右模板皮 202在连接处重叠， 且通过螺钉 连接； 模板皮 20和空心矩形管之间设有紧固螺钉。在建筑物中， 由于立柱的高度较高， 将模板皮分割成左模板皮 201和右模板皮 202， 则便于安装和拆卸模板皮； 另外， 在左 模板皮 201和右模板皮 202的连接处重叠， 因此， 能提高左模板皮和右模板皮的连接强 度； 同时， 模板皮与空心矩形管之间有紧固螺钉， 因此， 模板皮与框架体的连接更加的 牢固。
除了立柱以外， 其他的结构与第三实施方式一样。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种建筑物， 包括立柱及梁， 两立柱之间设有所述的梁； 其特征在于： 在梁之 间设有由横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管组成的骨架，两相邻横向空心矩形管和两相 邻纵向空心矩形管之间形成第一腔体，在横向空心矩形管、纵向空心矩形管和梁之间形 成有第二腔体； 在梁的下方通过拉杆连接有支撑条， 支撑条与梁之间有间隙； 在横向空 心矩形管的下方通过拉杆连接有横向支撑条， 横向支撑条与横向空心矩形管之间有间 隙； 在纵向空心矩形管的下方通过拉杆连接有纵向支撑条， 纵向支撑条与纵向空心矩形 管之间有间隙； 在第一腔体内设有由横向支撑条和纵向支撑条支承的天花模板，在第二 腔体内设有由横向支撑条、纵向支撑条和支撑条支承的天花模板； 在天花模板上浇注有 包裹横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管的混凝土。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 所述的立柱为工字钢。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 所述的立柱包括二根以上的空心 矩形管及连接件， 连接件连接在空心矩形管之间。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 所述的连接件包括支承件及连接 螺栓， 支承件包括第一固定板、 第二固定板、 连接板， 连接板设在第一固定板和第二固 定板之间， 支承件的截面为工字型， 所述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、 第一固定板、 第二固定板及另一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起来。
5. 根据权利要求 3所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 所述的连接件包括支承件及连接 螺栓， 支承件为空心矩形框， 所述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、支承件及另一空心矩 形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起来。
6. 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 空心矩形管和连接件形成框 架体， 在框架体的四周包覆有模板皮。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 所述的模板皮包括左模板皮和右 模板皮， 左模板皮和右模板皮的截面为 U形， 左模板皮和右模板皮在连接处重叠， 且 通过螺钉连接； 模板皮和空心矩形管之间设有紧固螺钉。
8. 根据权利要求 6所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 在模板皮内浇注有混泥土。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 在立柱上设有用于支承梁的支承 脚。
10.根据权利要求 1所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 在立柱之间位于梁的下方设有支 承梁的下梁。
11.根据权利要求 10所述的建筑物，其特征在于： 在立柱上设有用于支承下梁的支 承脚。
12.根据权利要求 1所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 所述的梁包括二组以上的基梁、 端板及梁连接件，每组基梁包括一根以上的空心矩形管；在基梁的两端设有所述的端板; 所述的梁连接件包括梁支承件及梁连接螺栓，梁支承件包括第一梁固定板、第二梁固定 板及梁连接板，梁连接板设在第一梁固定板和第二梁固定板之间，梁支承件的截面为工 字型，所述的梁连接螺栓穿自一组基梁经第一梁固定板、第二梁固定板连接到相邻的基 梁上。
13.根据权利要求 1所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 支撑条的中部设有自下向上冲压 成型的凸起。
14.根据权利要求 1或 13所述的建筑物，其特征在于： 在支撑条的外侧边缘设有位 于梁外侧且高于梁的抵挡边。
15.根据权利要求 1所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 在横向支撑条的中部设有自下向 上冲压成型的横向凸起； 在纵向支撑条的中部设有自下向上冲压成型的纵向凸起。
16.根据权利要求 1所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 在骨架的上表面位于横向空心矩 形管和纵向空心矩形管连接处设有上压板，在骨架的下表面位于横向空心矩形管和纵向 空心矩形管连接处设有下压板， 螺栓经上压板穿过骨架连接到下压板上； 在梁和骨架的 连接处位于骨架的上表面设有上压板，在梁和骨架的连接处位于骨架的下表面设有下压 板， 螺栓经上压板穿过骨架及梁连接到下压板上。
17.根据权利要求 1所述的建筑物， 其特征在于： 在立柱上位于骨架的上方设有向 骨架方向延伸的钢筋， 钢筋包裹在混凝土内。
18.—种建筑物的施工方法， 其特征在于包括如下步骤：
( 1 ) 搭建立柱；
(2) 在两立柱之间连接梁；
(3)将由横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管组成的骨架连接到梁上， 其中， 两相 邻横向空心矩形管和两相邻纵向空心矩形管之间形成第一腔体，在横向空心矩形管、纵 向空心矩形管和梁之间形成有第二腔体；
(3)在梁的下方通过拉杆连接支撑条， 支撑条的内侧边伸出梁的内侧， 在支撑条 与梁之间留间隙； 在横向空心矩形管的下方通过拉杆连接横向支撑条，横向支撑条的两 相对侧边伸出横向空心矩形管，在横向支撑条与横向空心矩形管之间留间隙； 在纵向空 心矩形管的下方通过拉杆连接纵向支撑条，纵向支撑条的两相对侧边伸出纵向空心矩形 管， 在纵向支撑条与纵向空心矩形管之间留间隙； (4)在第一腔体内铺设由横向支撑条和纵向支撑条支承的天花模板， 在第二腔体 内铺设由横向支撑条、 纵向支撑条和支撑条支承的天花模板；
( 5 )在天花模板上浇注混凝土， 浇注完成后， 混凝土包裹在横向空心矩形管和纵 向空心矩形管上；
( 6) 混凝土凝固后形成楼板。
19.根据权利要求 18所述的建筑物施工方法，其特征在于： 将二根以上的空心矩形 管通过连接件连接起来形成立柱。
20.根据权利要求 19所述的建筑物施工方法，其特征在于： 所述的连接件包括支承 件及连接螺栓， 支承件包括第一固定板、 第二固定板、 连接板， 连接板设在第一固定板 和第二固定板之间， 支承件的截面为工字型， 所述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、第一 固定板、 第二固定板及另一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起来。
21.根据权利要求 19所述的建筑物施工方法，其特征在于： 所述的连接件包括支承 件及连接螺栓， 支承件为空心矩形框， 所述的连接螺栓穿过一空心矩形管、支承件及另 一空心矩形管将空心矩形管和支承件连接起来。
22.根据权利要求 20或 21所述的建筑物施工方法， 其特征在于： 空心矩形管和连 接形成框架体， 在框架体的四周包覆模板皮。
23.根据权利要求 22所述的建筑物施工方法， 其特征在于： 在浇注混凝土时， 同时 向模板皮内浇注混凝土。
24.根据权利要求 18所述的建筑物施工方法， 其特征在于： 连接梁之前， 在立柱上 焊接支承脚， 然后在立柱之间连接由支承脚支承的梁。
25.根据权利要求 18所述的建筑物施工方法，其特征在于： 所述的梁包括二组以上 的基梁、端板及梁连接件， 每组基梁包括一根以上的空心矩形管； 在基梁的两端分别设 有所述的端板； 所述的梁连接件包括梁支承件及梁连接螺栓，梁支承件包括第一梁固定 板、第二梁固定板及梁连接板， 梁连接板设在第一梁固定板和第二梁固定板之间， 梁支 承件的截面为工字型，所述的梁连接螺栓穿自一组基梁经第一梁固定板、第二梁固定板 连接到相邻的基梁上。
26.根据权利要求 18所述的建筑物施工方法，其特征在于： 支撑条的中部设有自下 向上冲压成型的凸起； 在支撑条的外侧边缘设有位于梁外侧且高于梁的抵挡边； 在横向 支撑条的中部设有自下向上冲压成型的横向凸起；在纵向支撑条的中部设有自下向上冲 压成型的纵向凸起。
27.根据权利要求 18所述的建筑物施工方法， 其特征在于： 骨架连接好后， 在骨架 的上表面位于横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管连接处设置上压板，在骨架的下表面位 于横向空心矩形管和纵向空心矩形管连接处设置下压板，螺栓经上压板穿过骨架连接到 下压板上； 在梁和骨架的连接处位于骨架的上表面设置上压板，在梁和骨架的连接处位 于骨架的下表面设置下压板， 螺栓经上压板穿过骨架及梁连接到下压板上。
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