WO2015043310A1 - 楼板系统 - Google Patents

楼板系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015043310A1
WO2015043310A1 PCT/CN2014/083395 CN2014083395W WO2015043310A1 WO 2015043310 A1 WO2015043310 A1 WO 2015043310A1 CN 2014083395 W CN2014083395 W CN 2014083395W WO 2015043310 A1 WO2015043310 A1 WO 2015043310A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
floor
pipe
outer cover
layer
tube
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Application number
PCT/CN2014/083395
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张跃
Original Assignee
张跃
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Publication date
Application filed by 张跃 filed Critical 张跃
Publication of WO2015043310A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015043310A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/48—Special adaptations of floors for incorporating ducts, e.g. for heating or ventilating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/14—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or girders laid in two directions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to a floor system.
  • the construction of the slab is an important part of it, and it is also one of the processes with a large amount of construction.
  • Most of the existing slabs are made of reinforced concrete structures, one is cast-in-place reinforced concrete slabs, and the other is prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs.
  • Prefabricated reinforced concrete floor slabs are favored by the industry because of uniform production in the factory, quality assurance, material saving, fast construction speed, small on-site construction, and low dust and sewage.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a floor system with reliable quality, standard production, fast construction speed, less waste on the construction site, and any combination.
  • the slab system is composed of a rectangular frame composed of steel beams, which are trusses or channel steels, I-beams, honeycomb beams, and rectangular pipes.
  • the truss is formed by welding by a cross bar member, a vertical bar member and a support bar member, and is specifically a triangular truss structure.
  • the pipeline system for water supply and drainage, air supply, air exhaust, power distribution, etc. is prefabricated in the floor.
  • the upper, lower or side of the floor is provided with a pipe or wire joint.
  • the steel beam of the floor slab is provided with a plurality of bolt holes.
  • the position dimension of the bolt hole conforms to the modulus and its multiple relationship.
  • the floor between the floor and the floor, and between the floor and the column can be arbitrarily connected by bolts, and the bolt holes can be matched.
  • connection pad may be a tube or a holed iron block.
  • the floor plate is provided with a mounting seat or a connecting block.
  • the floor is provided with a floor above the floor, and the floor is provided with a ceiling, the floor is located on the floor Between the ceiling and the ceiling.
  • the floor is composed of a concrete layer, a waterproof mortar layer and a floor tile layer, the concrete layer is cast on the floor board, and a waterproof mortar layer is cast on the concrete layer, and the floor is laid above the waterproof mortar layer. Brick layer.
  • the floor is provided with a plurality of pipeline interfaces of a water supply and drainage pipe, a supply air pipe, an air exhaust pipe, a power distribution pipe, and a garbage pipe
  • the pipeline interface includes a pre-embedded pipe, an outer cover, an inner seat,
  • An external pipe, the pre-embedded pipe is cylindrical, prefabricated in the floor, the cemented seal is used between the pre-embedded pipe and the waterproof mortar layer and the concrete layer;
  • the outer cover and the inner part of the pre-embedded pipe are provided a seat having a circular hole in the middle and a downward edge in the periphery;
  • the inner seat is a hollow basin-like structure, located between the outer cover and the pre-embedded pipe, and the lower portion thereof is connected with the pre-embedded pipe,
  • the upper end is connected to the outer cover by a sealing material;
  • the outer tube is located in a circular hole in the middle of the outer cover, and is sealingly connected to the outer cover by a
  • the ceiling is made of gypsum board and fixed to the bottom of the floor by bolts.
  • the present invention is composed of a rectangular frame composed of steel beams, and can be standardized and mass-produced in the factory, and strict quality inspection is carried out in the factory to ensure dimensional standards, reliable quality, good interchangeability, and versatility.
  • the steel beam is provided with a plurality of bolt holes, and the position dimension of the bolt holes conforms to the modulus and the multiple relationship thereof, so that the joint between the floor and the floor, the floor and the column can be arbitrarily connected by bolts, and the bolt holes can be matched. . It can be connected in any combination to ensure convenient construction.
  • the invention adopts steel beam uniform size blanking, or pre-process design to ensure rational use of materials, to achieve the minimum of residual materials and waste materials, and to adopt large-scale standard production, material saving, high production efficiency. .
  • the present invention prefabricates a pipeline system for water supply and drainage, air supply, exhaust, power distribution, etc. in the floor, and a pipe or a wire joint is installed on the upper, lower or side of the floor, so that the floor is installed at the construction site. It is no longer necessary to install pipelines such as hydropower, which reduces the workload of on-site construction, improves the efficiency of on-site construction, and significantly increases the speed of construction. Since the pipeline system is prefabricated and mass-produced in the factory, the workers have a good working environment, low labor intensity, high productivity, reliable quality and uniform size.
  • the floor panel of the invention is provided with a mounting seat or a connecting block, which can be conveniently connected with the frame column, the frame beam or the wall body, and only needs to be connected by bolts during the construction of the site, and the efficiency is high.
  • the main body of the invention is a steel structure, which can be produced by a standardized factory, has good interchangeability, accurate size and controllable quality, can save time for installation of on-site pouring slabs and prefabricated slabs, is convenient for construction and transportation, and has high seismic strength. It has been proved by experiments that it can resist earthquakes of 9 degrees.
  • the invention can be quickly and modularly assembled during on-site construction, with high productivity, less dust and construction waste, saving materials and good environmental protection.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of a floor system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a truss structural steel beam according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a pipeline system inside the floor system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an interface between a floor system and a pre-buried pipeline of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a floor system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a channel steel beam in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 8 is a schematic structural view of a floor system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the floor system includes a floor panel 2 , a floor panel 3 and a ceiling 1 , and a floor panel 3 is disposed on an upper portion of the floor panel 2 , the floor panel 3 is fixedly connected to the floor panel 2 by a concrete, and a ceiling 1 is disposed at a lower portion of the floor panel 2 , and the ceiling 1 is It is fixed to the bottom of the floor 2 by bolts.
  • the ceiling 1 is made of gypsum board and has the advantages of light weight, low cost, paintability and easy decoration. Of course, the ceiling 1 can also be made of fireproof boards or precast cement boards and bolted to the bottom of the floor.
  • This structure for prefabricating the floor 3 and the ceiling 1 in the floor 2 is changed in the conventional manner of building for many years, and the interior decoration of the floor 3 and the ceiling 1 was previously performed after the building blanks were all built.
  • the traditional way, long time, complicated decoration, can not be synchronized with the project, seriously affecting the progress of the project, low efficiency, and bring construction waste such as dust and sewage to the site construction.
  • the floor system of the present invention paves the floor 3 and the ceiling in accordance with standard techniques in the factory.
  • the board 1 only needs to be assembled at the construction site, and the traditional long-time decoration project is factoryized and modularized, the construction speed is fast, the quality is reliable, and the environmental protection is better.
  • the floor slab 2 is a rectangular frame composed of four steel beams welded perpendicularly to each other, and the steel beam is a truss 6, which is formed by welding the cross bar member 64, the vertical rod member 61 and the support rod 62. Specifically, it is a triangular truss structure, and of course, other forms of truss structures, such as trapezoidal trusses, polygonal trusses, parallel chords, and hollow trusses.
  • the connection between the cross member 64, the vertical member 65 and the support rod 62 in the truss 6 can also be riveted or bolted.
  • the steel beam adopts the truss structure.
  • the truss member Under the load, the truss member mainly bears the axial tensile force or pressure, so that the strength of the material can be fully utilized. Compared with other structures, the material can be saved, the self-weight can be reduced, and the rigidity and strength can be increased.
  • the truss 6 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 63.
  • the position dimension of the bolt holes 63 conforms to the modulus and its multiple relationship, so the floor 2 and the floor 2 and the floor 2 Between the column and the slab 2 and the wall can be arbitrarily connected by bolts, and the bolt holes can be matched, which can effectively ensure the interchangeability and versatility of the construction, and improve the construction quality and construction speed.
  • a bolt is placed in the bolt hole 63, and the connecting pad is a waist tube 65.
  • the waist tube 65 not only increases the contact area at the joint, but also increases the resistance to deformation and provides a certain degree of adjustability when connected.
  • a pipeline system 7 for water supply, drainage, air supply, exhaust, distribution, garbage, etc. is prefabricated in the floor system, and these pipeline systems 7 are all in accordance with uniform size, uniform arrangement, and uniformity.
  • the construction process is designed and manufactured by the factory, and is fixed inside the floor 2 by means of a pre-buried fixed box, a pre-embedded fixed board, and a pre-embedded tube.
  • a pipe or wire joint 4 is provided on the upper, lower or side of the floor 2 so that the floor 2 and the external piping can be easily connected.
  • the traditional approach is to lay the pipeline system after the main body of the building is completed. This traditional approach is not easy for the modular production of the factory, and the construction speed is much lower than that of the modular building. Especially in the high-rise and super high-rise buildings, the traditional methods are less efficient, slower, and the standard is not uniform.
  • the floor panel 3 is composed of a concrete layer 31, a waterproof mortar layer 32, and a floor tile layer 33.
  • the concrete layer 31 is cast on the floor panel 2, and a waterproof mortar layer 32 is cast on the concrete layer 31.
  • the floor tile layer 33 is laid above the waterproof mortar layer 32.
  • the floor 3 on the floor system is provided with a plurality of pipeline interfaces 5 such as a water supply and drainage pipe, a supply air pipe, an exhaust pipe, a power distribution pipe, and a garbage pipe.
  • the specific structure of the pipeline interface 5 is as shown in FIG. 5, and includes a pre-embedded pipe 54, an outer cover 52, an inner seat 56, and an outer pipe 51.
  • the pre-embedded tube 54 has a cylindrical shape and is prefabricated in the floor 3, and the pre-embedded tube 54 and the waterproof mortar layer 32 and the concrete layer 31 are
  • the outer cover 52 is provided with an outer cover 52 and an inner seat 56.
  • the outer cover 52 has a circular hole in the middle and a downward edge around the outer cover 56.
  • the inner seat 56 is a hollow basin structure.
  • the pipeline interface adopts multiple sealing methods and waterproof materials.
  • the pre-embedded pipe 54 is connected to the external pipe 51 through the outer cover 52 and the inner seat 56, which not only solves the problem of the connection between the internal pipeline and the external pipeline of the floor system, but also has a good relationship. Good waterproof performance and sealing performance.
  • the floor system includes a floor panel 2, a floor panel 3, which is composed of a rectangular frame composed of steel beams, and a floor panel 3 is provided on the upper portion of the floor panel 2, and the floor panel 3 is formed by a steel plate structure and is fixed by welding.
  • the floor panel 3 Since the steel plate and the floor plate 2 can be easily welded, compared with the tile laying, the construction amount is small, and the construction speed can be effectively improved.
  • a pipeline system 7 for water supply, drainage, air supply, exhaust, distribution, garbage, etc. is prefabricated in the floor system, and these pipeline systems 7 are all in accordance with uniform size, uniform arrangement, and uniformity.
  • the construction process is factory-designed and manufactured, and is fixed inside the floor 2 by means of a fixing box, a fixing plate, a hoop, and the like.
  • the pipeline system 7 is provided with a pipeline interface 5 on the floor 3, and the structure of the pipeline interface 5 is the same as that in the first embodiment.
  • a pipe or wire joint 4 is provided on the upper, lower or side of the floor 2 to allow the floor 2 to be easily connected to the external piping.
  • the steel beam used for the floor 2 is a channel steel 8, and the channel steel 8 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes.
  • connection pad is provided in the bolt hole 63, and the connection pad is an iron block with a waist hole.
  • the connection pads are fixed to the channel by soldering to increase the strength and contact area of the joint.
  • the floor system is a rectangular frame formed by welding or bolting a plurality of steel beams, wherein the steel beam is a rectangular tube 9, and the rectangular tube 9 is provided with a mount or a connection.
  • the mounting seat may be a fixed seat 10 or a movable seat 11 fixed to the moment by welding or bolting.
  • the functions of these mounts are: Used to connect other building structural parts, such as frame columns, composite steel beams, walls, etc., so that the slab system and the slab system, columns, beams, walls can be easily bolted at the construction site. Improve construction speed.
  • the rectangular frame of the present invention may also be constructed of steel beams of other shapes, such as honeycomb beams, I-beams, cross-shaped steels, pipe steels, and the like.
  • the connection between the steel beam and the steel beam can be welded or bolted or riveted.
  • the floor system can be prefabricated or not prefabricated; the upper and lower parts of the floor 2 can be set up with 3 floors and 1 ceiling, or not.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

一种楼板系统，包括楼板（2），楼板（2）是由钢梁组成的矩形框架，楼板（2）内预装有管线系统（7），楼板（2）上面设有地板（3）、下面设有天花板（1），地板（3）和/或天花板（1）的表面设有管线接口（5）。该楼板系统适于模块化生产、质量可靠、生产效率高。

Description

楼板系统 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及建筑领域， 具体涉及一种楼板系统。
背景技术
[0002] 在商务楼、 住宅等建筑建造过程中， 楼板的建造是其中的重要一环， 也 是施工量较大的工序之一。现有的楼板绝大多数采用钢筋混凝土结构，一种为现 场浇铸钢筋混凝土楼板，一种为工厂预制式钢筋混凝土楼板。预制式钢筋混凝土 楼板， 由于在工厂统一标准生产， 质量有保证， 节约材料， 施工速度快， 现场施 工量小， 灰尘和污水少， 受到业内的青睐。
[0003] 不管是现场浇铸型钢筋混凝土楼板， 还是预制式钢筋混凝土楼板， 由于 都是采用钢筋混凝土制造的， 存在以下共同缺点： （1 )重量大， 抗震强度差； （2) 施工工作量大，工人劳动强度大； （3 )施工现场或预制工厂的灰尘、建筑垃圾多， 环保性差。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术的不足， 提供一种质量可靠、 标准生 产、 施工速度快、 施工现场垃圾少、 任意组合的楼板系统。
[0005] 本发明是通过以下技术方案予以实现的：
楼板系统， 由钢梁组成的矩形框架构成， 所述钢梁是桁架或槽钢、 工字钢、 蜂窝 梁、 矩形管。
[0006] 进一步的， 所述桁架由横杆件、 竖杆件和支撑杆件通过焊接形成， 具体 为三角形桁架结构。
[0007] 所述楼板内预制有给排水、 送风、 排风、 配电等管线系统。
[0008] 所述楼板的上面、 下面或侧面装有管或线的接头。
[0009] 所述楼板的钢梁上设有多个螺栓孔。
[0010] 所述螺栓孔的位置尺寸符合模数及其倍数关系， 所述楼板与楼板之间、 楼板与柱之间可以通过螺栓任意连接， 其螺栓孔位均可吻合。
[0011] 所述螺栓孔内装有连接垫， 所述连接垫可以是管或带孔的铁块。
[0012] 所述楼板上设有安装座或连接块。
[0013] 所述楼板上面设有地板， 楼板下面设有天花板， 所述楼板位于所述地板 和天花板之间。
[0014] 进一步的， 所述地板由混凝土层、 防水砂浆层、 地板砖层构成， 所述混 凝土层浇铸在楼板上， 混凝土层上方再浇铸一层防水砂浆层，所述防水砂浆层上 方铺设地板砖层。
[0015] 进一步， 所述地板上设有多个给排水管、 送风管、 排风管、 配电管、 垃 圾管的管线接口， 所述管线接口包括预埋管、 外盖、 内座、 外接管， 所述预埋管 呈圆筒状， 预制在地板中， 所述预埋管与防水砂浆层、 混凝土层之间采用防水泥 密封； 所述预埋管的上方设有外盖和内座， 所述外盖中间开有圆孔， 四周设向下 的边缘； 所述内座为空心的盆状结构， 位于外盖和预埋管之间， 其下部与预埋管 相接， 其上端通过密封材料与外盖相连； 所述外接管位于外盖中间的圆孔中， 并 通过密封胶与外盖密封连接， 所述外盖位于地板上。
[0016] 进一步的， 所述天花板采用石膏板制作， 并通过螺栓固定在楼板底部。
[0017] 本发明的技术效果如下：
( 1 ) 本发明为由钢梁组成的矩形框架构成， 可以在工厂内采用标准化大规模生 产， 在厂内进行严格的质量检测， 保证尺寸标准、 质量可靠， 互换性好， 通用性 强。钢梁上设有多个螺栓孔， 所述螺栓孔的位置尺寸符合模数及其倍数关系， 使 楼板与楼板之间、 楼板与柱之间可以通过螺栓任意连接， 其螺栓孔位均可吻合。 可以任意组合连接， 保证施工方便。
[0018] ( 2 ) 本发明采用钢梁统一尺寸下料， 或预先进行制作工艺设计， 保证合 理用料， 做到余料、 废料最少， 另外采用规模化标准方式生产， 节约材料， 生产 效率高。
[0019] ( 3 ) 本发明在楼板内预制有给排水、 送风、 排风、 配电等管线系统， 楼 板的上面、下面或侧面装有管或线的接头， 使楼板在施工现场安装后， 不必再进 行水电等管线的安装， 减少了现场施工的工作量， 提高了现场施工的效率， 显著 提高了建筑速度。由于管线系统是在厂内预制批量生产的，工人操作劳动环境好、 劳动强度低、 生产率高， 质量可靠、 尺寸统一。
[0020] ( 4 ) 本发明的楼板上设有安装座或连接块， 可方便地与框架柱、 框架梁 或墙体连接， 在现场建筑施工时只需用螺栓连接即可， 效率高， 为组合式模块化 施工。 [0021] 本发明主体为钢结构， 可进行标准化工厂生产， 互换性好， 尺寸精准且 质量可控，能够节省现场浇筑楼板与预制楼板安装繁琐的时间，施工和运输方便， 抗震强度高， 经实验证明， 可以抗 9度地震； 本发明现场施工时可以快速模块化 组装， 生产率高， 灰尘、 建筑垃圾少， 可节约材料， 环保性好。
附图说明
[0022] 图 1为本发明实施例 1的楼板系统结构示意图。
[0023] 图 2为本发明实施例 1中的桁架结构钢梁的结构示意图。
[0024] 图 3为图 2中的 A处放大图。
[0025] 图 4为本发明楼板系统内部的管线系统的布置示意图。
[0026] 图 5为本发明楼板系统与预埋管线的接口的结构示意图。
[0027] 图 6为本发明实施例 2的楼板系统结构示意图。
[0028] 图 7为本发明实施例 2中的槽钢钢梁的结构示意图。
[0029] 图 8为本发明实施例 3的楼板系统结构示意图。
[0030] 附图中： 1一天花板， 2 楼板， 3 地板， 31—混凝土层， 32—防水砂浆 层， 33—地板砖层， 4 接头， 5—管线接口， 51—外接管， 52 外盖， 53—防水 泥， 54—预埋管， 55—密封材料， 56 内座， 6 桁架， 61—竖杆件， 62—支撑 杆， 63—螺栓孔， 64—横杆件， 65—腰形管， 7—管线系统， 8 槽钢， 9一矩形 管， 10—固定座， 11一活动座。
具体实施方式
[0031] 实施例 1
如图 1所示， 楼板系统包括楼板 2、 地板 3和天花板 1， 楼板 2上部设有地板 3， 所述地板 3通过混凝土与楼板 2连接固定， 楼板 2下部设有天花板 1， 所述天花 板 1通过螺栓固定在楼板 2底部。天花板 1采用石膏板制作， 具有重量轻、成本 低、 可油漆、 易于装饰等优点。 当然， 天花板 1也可以采用防火板或预制水泥板 制作， 并通过螺栓固定在楼板底部。这种将地板 3和天花板 1预制在楼板 2的结 构， 改变以多年来建筑的传统方式， 以前都是等建筑物毛坯全部建好后再进行地 板 3和天花板 1的铺设等内部装修， 这种传统的方式， 耗时长、 装修复杂、 不能 与工程同步进行， 严重影响工程进度， 效率低， 而且给现场施工带来灰尘和污水 等建筑垃圾。本发明的楼板系统，在厂内就按照标准的工艺铺好了地板 3和天花 板 1， 在施工现场只需组装， 将传统的耗时长的装修工程工厂化、 模块化， 施工 速度快， 质量可靠， 而且环保性更好。
[0032] 如图 2所示， 楼板 2是由四根钢梁互相垂直焊接组成的矩形框架， 钢梁 为桁架 6， 由横杆件 64、 竖杆件 61和支撑杆 62件通过焊接形成， 具体为三角形 桁架结构， 当然也可以其他形式的桁架结构， 如梯形桁架、 多边形桁架、 平行弦 桁架及空腹桁架。 桁架 6中的横杆件 64、 竖杆件 65和支撑杆 62之间的连接方 式也可以采用铆接或螺栓连接。钢梁采用桁架结构， 在荷载作用下， 桁架杆件主 要承受轴向拉力或压力， 从而能充分利用材料的强度， 与其他结构相比， 可节省 材料， 减轻自重， 具有更大刚度和强度。
[0033] 如图 2、 图 3所示， 桁架 6上设有多个螺栓孔 63， 所述螺栓孔 63的位置 尺寸符合模数及其倍数关系， 所以楼板 2与楼板 2之间、楼板 2与柱之间、楼板 2与墙体之间可以通过螺栓任意连接， 其螺栓孔位均可吻合， 可有效地保证施工 的互换性、 通用性， 提高施工质量和施工速度。 螺栓孔 63内装有连接垫， 所述 连接垫为腰形管 65。 这种腰形管 65不但可以增加连接处的接触面积， 提高抗变 形强度， 而且使连接时具有一定的可调性。
[0034] 如图 4所示， 楼板系统内预制有给水、 排水、 送风、 排风、 配电、 垃圾 等管线系统 7， 这些管线系统 7都是按照统一的尺寸、 统一的布置方式、 统一的 施工工艺采用工厂化设计和制作的， 通过预埋固定盒、预埋固定板、预埋管等方 式固定在楼板 2内部。如图 1所示， 楼板 2的上面、 下面或侧面装有管或线的接 头 4，使楼板 2与外部的管线能方便地连接。传统的做法都是等建筑主体完工后， 进行管线系统的铺设。这种传统做法不便于工厂模块化生产，施工速度也远低于 模块化建筑， 尤其是在高层、 超高层建筑中， 传统做法效率低、 速度慢、 标准不 统一更加突出。
[0035] 如图 5所示， 地板 3由混凝土层 31、 防水砂浆层 32、 地板砖层 33构成， 所述混凝土层 31浇铸在楼板 2上， 混凝土层 31上方再浇铸一层防水砂浆层 32， 所述防水砂浆层 32上方铺设地板砖层 33。 如图 1所示， 楼板系统上的地板 3上 设有多个给排水管、 送风管、 排风管、 配电管、 垃圾管等管线接口 5。 管线接口 5的具体结构如图 5所示， 包括预埋管 54、 外盖 52、 内座 56、 外接管 51。 预埋 管 54呈圆筒状， 预制在地板 3中， 预埋管 54与防水砂浆层 32、 混凝土层 31之 间采用防水泥 53密封； 预埋管 54的上方设有外盖 52和内座 56， 外盖 52中间 开有圆孔， 四周设向下的边缘； 所述内座 56 为空心的盆状结构， 位于外盖 52 和预埋管 54之间， 其下部与预埋管 54相接， 其上端通过密封材料 55与外盖 52 相连； 所述外接管 51位于外盖 52中间的圆孔中， 并通过密封胶与外盖 52密封 连接，所述外盖 52位于地板 3上。这种管线接口采用多重密封方式和防水材料， 预埋管 54通过外盖 52、 内座 56与外接管 51相连接， 既解决了楼板系统内部管 线与外部管线的相接问题， 又具有很好的良好的防水性能、 密封性能。
[0036] 采用这种楼板系统内预制管线的方式， 不但可节约管线材料， 而且可以 显著减少现场施工工作量， 显著提高施工效率。
[0037] 实施例 2
如图 6所示， 楼板系统包括楼板 2、 地板 3， 所述楼板 2是由钢梁组成的矩形框 架构成， 楼板 2上部设有地板 3， 所述地板 3采用钢板结构， 通过焊接方式固定 在楼板 2上。 由于钢板与楼板 2可以方便的焊接， 与瓷砖铺设相比， 施工量小， 可以有效地提高施工速度。
[0038] 如图 4所示， 楼板系统内预制有给水、 排水、 送风、 排风、 配电、 垃圾 等管线系统 7， 这些管线系统 7都是按照统一的尺寸、 统一的布置方式、 统一的 施工工艺采用工厂化设计和制作的， 通过固定盒、 固定板、包箍等方式固定在楼 板 2内部。 如图 6所示， 管线系统 7在地板 3上设有管线接口 5， 所述管线接口 5的结构与实施例 1中的相同。楼板 2的上面、下面或侧面装有管或线的接头 4， 使楼板 2与外部的管线能方便地连接。
[0039] 如图 7所示， 楼板 2所采用的钢梁为槽钢 8， 槽钢 8上设有多个螺栓孔
63， 螺栓孔 63的位置尺寸采用统一的标准模数， 使楼板 2与其它建筑件之间可 以通过螺栓任意连接， 其螺栓孔位均可吻合。 螺栓孔 63中设有连接垫， 所述连 接垫为带腰形孔的铁块。连接垫通过焊接的方式固定在槽钢上， 以增加连接处的 强度和接触面积。
[0040] 实施例 3
如图 8所示，楼板系统是由多根钢梁通过焊接或螺栓连接而成的矩形框架，其特 征在于， 所述钢梁为矩形管 9， 所述矩形管 9上设有安装座或连接块， 所述安装 座可以是固定座 10， 也可以是活动座 11， 通过焊接或螺栓连接的方式固定在矩 形管 9上。 这些安装座的作用是： 用来连接其它建筑结构件， 如框架柱、 组合钢 梁、 墙等， 使楼板系统与楼板系统、 柱、 梁、 墙之间可以方便地在施工现场用螺 栓连接， 提高施工速度。
[0041] 本发明的矩形框架还可以采用其他形状的钢梁构成， 如蜂窝梁、 工字钢、 十字形钢、管钢等等。钢梁与钢梁之间的连接方式可以采用焊接， 也可以采用螺 栓、 铆接等连接方式。 楼板系统根据建筑设计实际要求， 可以预制管线系统 7， 也可以不预制；楼板 2上、下部位可以设地板 3层、天花板 1层，也可以不设置。
[0042] 以上实施例是对本发明的解释， 并非限定， 以上只是部分举例。 应该指 出的是，对本行业的技术人员来说，根据本发明的基本原理和结构进行的简单变 换和改进， 根据以上实施例进行的组合， 均包括在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

1. 楼板系统， 其特征在于： 它由钢梁组成的矩形框架构成。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述钢梁是桁架或槽钢、 工 字钢、 蜂窝梁、 矩形管。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述桁架由横杆件、 竖杆件 和支撑杆件通过焊接形成， 具体为三角形桁架结构。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述楼板内预制有给排水、 送风、 排风、 配电等管线系统。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述楼板的上面、 下面或侧 面装有管或线的接头。
6. 根据权利要求 1~5任一项所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述楼板的钢梁上 设有多个螺栓孔，所述螺栓孔的位置尺寸符合模数及其倍数关系，所述楼板与楼 板之间、 楼板与柱之间可以通过螺栓任意连接， 其螺栓孔位均可吻合。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述螺栓孔内装有连接垫， 所述连接垫可以是管或带孔的铁块。
8. 根据权利要求 1~5任一项所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述楼板上设有安 装座或连接块。
9. 根据权利要求 1~5任一项所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述楼板上面设有 地板， 楼板下面设有天花板， 所述楼板位于所述地板和天花板之间。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述地板由混凝土层、 防水 砂浆层、地板砖层构成， 所述混凝土层浇铸在楼板上， 混凝土层上方再浇铸一层 防水砂浆层， 所述防水砂浆层上方铺设地板砖层。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述地板上设有多个给排 水管、送风管、排风管、配电管、垃圾管的管线接口， 所述管线接口包括预埋管、 外盖、 内座、 外接管， 所述预埋管呈圆筒状， 预制在地板中， 所述预埋管与防水 砂浆层、混凝土层之间采用防水泥密封； 所述预埋管的上方设有外盖和内座， 所 述外盖中间开有圆孔， 四周设向下的边缘； 所述内座为空心的盆状结构， 位于外 盖和预埋管之间， 其下部与预埋管相接， 其上端通过密封材料与外盖相连； 所述 外接管位于外盖中间的圆孔中， 并通过密封胶与外盖密封连接，所述外盖位于地 板上。
12. 根据权利要求 9所述的楼板系统， 其特征在于： 所述天花板采用石膏板、 防 火板、 预制水泥板中的任一种， 并通过螺栓固定在楼板底部。
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