WO2015043060A1 - 一种非调质钢及其生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种非调质钢及其生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015043060A1 WO2015043060A1 PCT/CN2013/088382 CN2013088382W WO2015043060A1 WO 2015043060 A1 WO2015043060 A1 WO 2015043060A1 CN 2013088382 W CN2013088382 W CN 2013088382W WO 2015043060 A1 WO2015043060 A1 WO 2015043060A1
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0231—Warm rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
Definitions
- the invention relates to a non-quenched and tempered steel and a production process thereof, and belongs to the field of steel metallurgy technology.
- Non-tempered steel refers to mechanical structural steel that can meet performance requirements without quenching and tempering.
- the use of such steel to manufacture parts can eliminate the quenching and tempering heat treatment process, and has the advantages of energy saving, materials, and simple process, which can reduce the environment. Pollution, avoid oxidation, decarburization, deformation, cracking.
- non-tempering non-tempered steel The traditional domestic production of non-tempering non-tempered steel is: electric furnace smelting ⁇ refining ⁇ mold casting ⁇ controlled rolling and cooling.
- the difficulty of this process in production is: Control of steel properties.
- most domestic and foreign manufacturers have improved the chemical properties of non-tempered steel to achieve the control of steel properties.
- studies have shown that it is difficult to achieve non-tempering steel performance requirements simply by component design.
- Shougang Corporation has proposed a new non-quenched and tempered steel production process, which mainly includes: converter smelting, slag tapping, ladle deoxidation alloying, LF ladle refining, feeding S line, ladle bottom blowing argon to achieve Full protection casting, slab temperature control, controlled cooling and rolling, etc.
- the heating temperature is 1100 ⁇ 1180.
- the rolling temperature is 1020 ⁇ 1100.
- C finishing temperature 850 ⁇ 920.
- C the relative deformation is 15 ⁇ 35%, and is cooled to 600 after rolling. After C, slowly cool to room temperature.
- Non-tempered steel produced by the above process The slow cooling method is difficult to ensure that the temperature of the core and the surface of the steel tends to be uniform in a short period of time. It is easy to cause the strength and toughness of the steel surface and the core to fluctuate greatly, and the mechanical properties are seriously uneven.
- quenching and tempering steel for example, ⁇ 70 ⁇ (pl45mm bar)
- the phenomenon of uneven mechanical properties of the bar surface and the core of the bar is more obvious.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the surface mechanical properties and the uneven core force performance of the steel produced by the existing non-quenched and tempered steel production process, thereby providing a non-quenched and tempered steel and a production process thereof. Ensure the surface mechanical properties of the finished product and the uniformity of the core mechanical properties.
- the present invention provides a non-quenched and tempered steel which is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.42 ⁇ 0.50, silicon 0.20 ⁇ 0.40, sample 0.60 ⁇ 1.00, chromium 0.00 ⁇ 0.30, aluminum 0.010 ⁇ 0.030, nickel 0.00 ⁇ 0.10, copper 0.00 ⁇ 0.20, phosphorus 0.000 ⁇ 0.030, sulfur 0.00 ⁇ 0.035, vanadium 0.06 ⁇ 0.25, and the balance is iron.
- the non-quenched and tempered steel of the present invention is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.45 ⁇ 0.48, silicon 0.20 ⁇ 0.30, manganese 0.60 ⁇ 0.8, chromium 0.20 ⁇ 0.30 0.020 ⁇ 0.030, nickel 0.005 ⁇ 0.10 , copper 0 ⁇ 0.20, phosphorus 0 ⁇ 0.030, sulfur 0 ⁇ 0.035, vanadium 0.10 ⁇ 0.25, and the balance is iron.
- the invention provides a production process of non-quenched and tempered steel, comprising a cooling step performed at least after the finishing rolling step, characterized in that: in the cooling step, the steel material is alternated by at least two The section is cooled by water so that the core temperature of the steel tends to coincide with the surface temperature for a certain period of time.
- the steel material in the cooling step, is subjected to three-stage water-passing cooling, wherein the first stage water-cooling adopts strong cooling, and the second stage uses water-cooling cooling. Weak cold, the third stage of water cooling uses strong cold.
- the strength of the cooling is controlled by controlling the degree of opening of the valve of the water-passing cooling device.
- the steel material is lowered by 150 in 5 to 7 seconds after being cooled by water. C ⁇ 300. C, After the steel is warmed up, cool down again by 50. C ⁇ 100. C.
- the first stage valve opening degree is controlled to be 30% - 40%
- the second stage valve opening degree is 20%
- the third stage valve opening degree is It is 30% ⁇ 40% to ensure that the steel surface temperature is lowered by 150 in 5-7 seconds.
- C ⁇ 300.
- the steel material is cooled and cooled by means of spray cooling after the steel material is returned to the temperature.
- the steel material is dispersed and placed on a cold bed for air cooling for 12 to 14 minutes.
- the steel materials are stacked and then subjected to leather cooling.
- the slab temperature is at 850. C ⁇ 900.
- the low temperature rolling is carried out under C conditions, and further includes a finishing rolling step before the cooling step, in which the temperature at which the steel slab enters the finishing rolling step is controlled to be ⁇ 850. Hey.
- the smelting step before the finishing rolling step is further included, and the smelting step includes an electric furnace smelting step, a ladle furnace smelting step, and a refining step which are sequentially performed.
- the whole molten iron smelting is used in the electric furnace smelting, the end phosphorus content is ⁇ 0.010%, the end carbon content is 0.03% to 0.08%, and the end temperature is 1620. C ⁇ 1680. C.
- silicon carbide and ferrosilicon powder are used for deoxidation in the ladle furnace smelting step and/or the "refining step".
- the refining step In the production process of the non-quenched and tempered steel of the present invention, in the ladle furnace smelting step, white slag is formed, and the white slag is maintained for not less than 20 minutes. In the production process of the non-quenched and tempered steel of the present invention, in the refining step, the refining time is ensured to be not less than 45 minutes, and the hydrogen content is controlled to be 1.3 ppm or less.
- a continuous casting step after the refining step is further included, in which the superheat degree is controlled at 20 to 35 ° C, and the pulling speed is controlled at 0.5 m. /min ⁇ 0.6m/minfact
- the present invention further includes a heating step after the continuous casting step, in which the slab is placed in a heating furnace for heating, wherein the temperature of the preheating section is controlled 850 ⁇ 30.
- the heating section temperature is controlled at 1100 ⁇ 30.
- the temperature of the soaking section is controlled at 1130 ⁇ 30°C, and the total time of the soaking section is not less than 2 hours.
- the present invention provides a process for the production of non-quenched and tempered steel, the process comprising the steps of:
- Electric furnace smelting step Provide iron raw material with desired steel composition, use full iron smelting in the electric furnace smelting, end phosphorus content ⁇ 0.010%, end carbon content 0.03% ⁇ 0.08%, end temperature 1620 °C ⁇ 1680°C;
- Refining step wherein degassing treatment is carried out to ensure that the refining time is not less than 45 minutes, and the hydrogen content is controlled to be less than 1.3 ppm;
- Heating step The slab produced by the continuous casting step is placed in a heating furnace for heating, wherein the temperature of the preheating section is controlled at 850 ⁇ 30. C, the heating section temperature is controlled at 1100 ⁇ 30°C, and the soaking section temperature is controlled at 1130 ⁇ 30. C, the total time of the soaking section is not less than 2 hours;
- Finishing step wherein the temperature at which the steel material enters the finishing rolling step is ⁇ 850 ° C, and the temperature at the billet is 850. C ⁇ 900. Low temperature rolling under C conditions; and (7) Cooling step: wherein the steel material is cooled by at least two stages of water passage in a manner of alternating strong and weak cooling so that the core temperature of the steel material and the surface temperature tend to coincide during cooling.
- the production process of the non-quenched and tempered steel changes the manner of cooling before the finish rolling in the production of the non-tempered steel in the past, at least after the finishing rolling step, and the cooling method is changed in the prior art.
- the cooling method with single water cooling or air cooling and strong consistency is used to alternate between strong cooling and weak cooling. Strong cooling can ensure the surface temperature of the steel is rapidly reduced.
- the weak cooling can gradually spread the temperature of the core of the steel to the surface, and then strengthen it.
- the steel material is subjected to three-stage water-cooling, wherein the first stage of water-cooling is cooled by strong cooling, and the second section is cooled by water. Weak cooling is used, and the third section is cooled by water. After the finish rolling, the temperature of the steel is higher.
- the first stage is cooled by water
- the surface temperature of the billet is rapidly lowered. Due to the heat transfer, the heat of the core is gradually transferred to the surface after the surface temperature is lowered.
- a weak cooling method is adopted.
- the heat transfer causes the surface temperature to rise, and the surface is cooled again by the strong cooling method. Thereby, the surface heat is quickly taken away, and at this time, the heat transfer causes the surface temperature and the core temperature to converge, thereby ensuring uniformity of mechanical properties.
- the production process of the non-quenched and tempered steel provided by the present invention, in the cooling step, controlling the strength of the cooling by controlling the degree of opening of the valve of the water-passing cooling device, specifically, controlling the opening degree of the first stage valve to be 30% ⁇ 40%, the second valve opening is 20%, the third The valve opening degree is 30% ⁇ 40%, to ensure that the surface temperature of the steel is lowered by 150 ° C ⁇ 300 ° C in 5 ⁇ 7 seconds, the water flow can be controlled by controlling the opening degree of the valve, thereby controlling the strong water penetration cooling
- the degree of weakness is very simple. After the valve is opened to a certain degree, the steel is penetrated into the water for water treatment. When the steel is in the process of water penetration, the surface is cooled in all directions to ensure uniformity of surface cooling.
- the production process of the non-quenched and tempered steel provided by the present invention, in the cooling step, after the steel material is returned to the temperature, the steel material is cooled and cooled by means of spray cooling.
- the method of spray cooling is a favorable supplement for water-cooling.
- the spray cooling can further diffuse the heat of the core to the surface, which ensures the consistency of the core and the surface temperature.
- the production process of the non-quenched and tempered steel provided by the present invention, after the cooling and cooling, the steel material is dispersed and placed on a cold bed for air cooling for 12 to 14 minutes. After the spray is cooled, the steel is dispersed and placed on a cold bed for air cooling, which can further supplement the spray cooling, so that the surface heat is further lost.
- the production process of the non-quenched and tempered steel provided by the present invention after the air cooling, the steel materials are stacked and then subjected to leather cooling.
- Leather cold is a way of slow cooling.
- the steel is stacked and then subjected to leather cooling, after cooling by water cooling, spray cooling and air cooling.
- the surface temperature of the billet and the core temperature have been basically the same. At this time, the cooling speed is lowered by the method of leather cooling, which is beneficial to improve the microstructure of the billet.
- the production process of the non-quenched and tempered steel ensures that the refining time is not less than 45 minutes and the hydrogen content is controlled below 1.3 ppm in the refining step, and the refining process effectively controls the hydrogen content, which may be more Good solution to the risk of hydrogen cracking in subsequent steels; More time is available to make the ingredients more uniform; Give the inclusions more full floating time, effectively solve the problem of inclusion control, and make the finished product more pure.
- the superheat degree is strictly controlled at 20 to 35 in the continuous casting step.
- the pulling speed is controlled from 0.5m/min to 0.6m/min.
- the low superheat and continuous drawing speed of continuous casting ensure the quality of casting.
- the non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the above production process provided by the invention is magnified and pearlite at a magnification of 500 times, the actual grain size (100 times), and the rating according to GB/T6394 is 10 ⁇ Grade 11, fine and uniform grain, no more than 1.5 grades from core to edge, uniform mechanical properties of steel surface and core, small fluctuations in strength and toughness from core to edge, can effectively avoid general materials on the surface
- the mechanical properties can not meet the shortcomings of the use requirements, and the core-to-edge difference is less than 30HB, which can effectively avoid the adverse effects on the tool and the processing when the hardness changes greatly, and the inclusion content is low, and the purity is low.
- the non-quenched and tempered steel of the present invention can be used in place of the high-precision quenched and tempered 45 steel.
- the core of the present invention is to improve the quality of the steel by substantially controlling the properties of the steel surface and the core by controlling the rolling and controlling the cooling step after rolling.
- Specific cooling controls include:
- the steel material is cooled by at least two stages of water passage in a manner of alternating strong and weak cooling, so that the core temperature of the steel material tends to coincide with the surface temperature in a certain time, specifically, after finish rolling
- the steel material is cooled by three stages of water passage, wherein the first section of the water is cooled by strong cooling, the second section is cooled by water, and the third section is cooled by water, and the concrete is cooled by water.
- Control the strength of the cooling by controlling the degree of opening of the valve through the water cooling device.
- the strong cooling generally means cooling with a cooling rate of ⁇ 7 ° C / S; and the weak cooling means cooling with a cooling rate of 2-4 ° C / S.
- the steel material After the water is cooled, the steel material is cooled and cooled by spray cooling after the steel is returned to the temperature; 3) after the cooling and cooling, the steel material is dispersed and placed on a cold bed for air cooling for 12 to 14 minutes;
- the cooling control is performed by the above method (especially, water-cooling), and the manner of cooling before the finish rolling in the production of the conventional non-quenched and tempered steel is changed, at least the cooling step is set after the finishing rolling step, and the cooling method is changed.
- a single water-cooling or air-cooling method with uniform strength is used to alternate between strong cooling and weak cooling, and strong cooling can ensure that the surface temperature of the steel is rapidly reduced, and the weak cooling can gradually spread the temperature of the steel core to the surface.
- strong cooling the heat is quickly dissipated. According to the actual needs, the strong cooling and the weak cooling can be alternated several times.
- the combination of strong and weak cooling combined with water cooling makes the temperature of the steel core in a short time.
- the temperature of the surface tends to be uniform, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the mechanical properties of the steel and improving the production efficiency.
- the subsequent joint control of spray cooling, air cooling and leather cooling causes the core temperature to continuously scatter to the surface, and the surface temperature is continuously taken away, and the combination of the above cooling methods makes the cooling rate comparison. It is suitable to use leather cold after air cooling, so that the surface temperature of the billet is consistent with the core temperature, the cooling speed is not too fast, and the comprehensive mechanical properties are improved.
- Figure 1 is a metallographic picture of a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method of the present invention at a magnification of 500 times;
- Figure 2 is a photograph reflecting the grain size of a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a view showing the case of inclusions of non-heat treated steel produced by the production method of the present invention. detailed description
- the present embodiment provides a method for producing non-quenched and tempered steel, comprising a finishing rolling step and a cooling step after finish rolling, wherein in the finishing rolling step, the temperature at which the control bar enters the finishing rolling step is ⁇ 850.
- C at bar temperature is 850.
- C ⁇ 900.
- the water flow rate is controlled by controlling the degree of opening of the valve of the water-passing cooling device, thereby controlling the cooling strength.
- the first section of the valve opening is 30% ⁇ 40%
- the second section of the valve opening is 20%
- the third section of the valve opening is 30% - 40%, to ensure that the bar surface temperature is reduced by 150 ° within 5s C ⁇ 300 ° C, after the bar is returned to temperature, the temperature of the bar is reduced by 50 ° C ⁇ 100 by spray cooling. C, the heat is quickly dissipated, and then the bar is opened *A to the cold bed and cooled by air cooling for 12-14 minutes, and finally the lower bed is used to cool the bar.
- the rod is cooled by three stages of water passage, wherein the first stage of water cooling is strongly cooled, the second stage of water cooling is weakly cooled, and the third stage is worn by the third stage.
- Water cooling uses strong cooling. After the finish rolling, the bar temperature is higher, and the first section is cooled by water, so that the surface temperature of the bar is rapidly lowered. Due to the heat transfer, the core heat is gradually turned to the surface after the surface temperature is lowered.
- the weak cooling method in order to transfer the heat of the core to the surface as much as possible, the weak cooling method is adopted in the second stage of water-cooling, so that more time is reserved for heat transfer to the core during the cooling process, after weak cooling, The heat transfer causes the surface temperature to rise, and the surface is quickly cooled by the strong cooling method, so that the surface heat is quickly taken away. At this time, the heat transfer causes the surface temperature and the core temperature to converge, thereby ensuring the mechanical properties. Uniformity. Example 2
- the present embodiment provides a method for producing non-quenched and tempered steel, which is a further improvement based on the embodiment 1, and further includes, in relation to the embodiment 1, a smelting step before the finishing rolling step, the smelting step
- the steps include an electric furnace smelting step and a ladle furnace smelting step in sequence to refine the step.
- the whole iron smelting is adopted, and the phosphorus content before tapping is strictly controlled.
- degassing is carried out to ensure that the hydrogen content is controlled below 1.3 ppm, and the refining time is not less than 45 minutes.
- the embodiment provides a method for producing non-quenched and tempered steel, which is a further improvement based on the embodiment 2.
- the continuous casting step and the heating step are improved, and the continuous casting step and the heating step are both located. After the refining step, it is located before the rolling step and the water-cooling step.
- the molten iron in the tundish is introduced into the crystallizer through the intrusive nozzle, thereby avoiding the problem of easy introduction of air when introduced through the conventional nozzle, and in addition, the connection between the nozzle and the tundish is avoided.
- Air tundish the degree of superheat is strictly controlled at 20 ⁇ 35.
- C the pulling speed is controlled from 0.5m/min to 0.6m/min, continuous casting Low superheat and low pulling speed ensure the quality of the slab.
- the surface of the slab should be inspected manually to ensure that there are no obvious defects. The slab is taken at a low magnification to ensure that the slab has no cracks, no shrinkage holes, and the center looseness is no more than 3 grades.
- the surface of the material and the low quality After the slab is inspected, it is sent to the heating furnace for heating.
- the preheating section is 850 ⁇ 30°C and the heating section is 1100 ⁇ 30. C, the soaking section is 1130 ⁇ 30. C, to ensure that the total heating period is not less than 2 hours.
- This embodiment provides a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method described in the above Embodiment 1, which is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.42, silicon 0.20, manganese 0.60, chromium 0.30, aluminum 0.030, nickel 0.10. , copper 0.05, brick 0.010, sulfur 0.015, vanadium 0.06, and the balance is iron.
- This embodiment provides a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method described in the above Embodiment 1, which is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.49, silicon 0.40, manganese 0.60, chromium 0.20, aluminum 0.010, nickel 0.05 , copper 0.05, phosphorus 0.010, sulfur 0.020, vanadium 0.25, and the balance is iron.
- This embodiment provides a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method described in the above Embodiment 1, which is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.48, silicon 0.30, manganese 0.80, chromium 0.20, aluminum 0.020, nickel 0.08 , copper 0.06, brick 0.015, sulfur 0.025, vanadium 0.15, and the balance is iron.
- This embodiment provides a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method described in the above embodiment 2, which is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.47, silicon 0.25, manganese 0.70, chromium 0.25, aluminum 0.025, nickel 0.025 , copper 0.05, brick 0.010, sulfur 0.020, vanadium 0.50, and the balance is iron.
- Example 8 is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.47, silicon 0.25, manganese 0.70, chromium 0.25, aluminum 0.025, nickel 0.025 , copper 0.05, brick 0.010, sulfur 0.020, vanadium 0.50, and the balance is iron.
- the present embodiment provides a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method described in the above embodiment 2, which is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.49, silicon 0.35, manganese 0.9, chromium 0.30, aluminum 0.030, nickel 0.075 , copper 0.06, brick 0.025, sulfur 0.020, vanadium 0.80, and the balance is iron.
- This embodiment provides a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method described in the above Embodiment 2, which is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.48, silicon 0.28, manganese 0.95, chromium 0.30, aluminum 0.030, copper 0.05 , phosphorus 0.012, sulfur 0.012, vanadium 0.85, and the balance is iron.
- This embodiment provides a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method described in the above embodiment 3, which is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.43, silicon 0.20, manganese 0.70, chromium 0.30, aluminum 0.030, nickel 0.10. , copper 0.08, sulfur 0.020, vanadium 0.25, and the balance is iron.
- This embodiment provides a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method described in the above embodiment 3, which is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.44, silicon 0.23, manganese 0.50, chromium 0.35, aluminum 0.030, nickel 0.10. , phosphorus 0.015, sulfur 0.012, vanadium 0.25, and the balance is iron.
- This embodiment provides a non-quenched and tempered steel produced by the production method described in the above embodiment 3, which is composed of the following chemical components: carbon 0.46, silicon 0.20, manganese 1.0, chromium 0.30, aluminum 0.030, nickel 0.005 , copper 0.05, brick 0.015, sulfur 0.015, vanadium 0.25, and the balance is iron.
- the metallographic structure of the non-tempered steel core of the above embodiments 4-12 is magnified 500 times. Both are ferrite and pearlite (as shown in Figure 1), the actual grain size (100 times), according to GB/T6394 rating of 10 ⁇ 11 (as shown in Figure 2), the grain is small, uniform, from The core-to-edge difference is no more than 1.5, the mechanical properties of the steel surface and the core are uniform, and the strength and toughness fluctuation from the core to the edge are small, which can effectively avoid the mechanical properties of the general material after the surface processing amount is large. Less than the required shortcomings, the core-to-edge difference is less than 30HB, which can effectively avoid the adverse effects on the tool and processing when the hardness changes greatly, and the inclusion content is low and the purity is high (as shown in Figure 3). .
- the comprehensive mechanical properties such as impact absorption work are excellent, and, as can be seen from the performance data in Table 1, the production method provided by the embodiment 3 of the present invention, and the chemical composition of the steel is carbon 0.48, silicon 0.28, manganese 0.95, Chromium 0.30, aluminum 0.030, copper 0.05, phosphorus 0.012, sparse 0.012, vanadium 0.85, and the balance iron, the overall mechanical properties of this example are the best, that is, the comprehensive mechanical properties of Example 9 are the best.
- This embodiment provides a versatile non-modulated steel production method which begins with a smelting step including an electric furnace smelting step, a ladle furnace smelting step, and a refining step which are sequentially performed.
- a smelting step including an electric furnace smelting step, a ladle furnace smelting step, and a refining step which are sequentially performed.
- the electric furnace smelting step the whole iron smelting is adopted, the phosphorus content before tapping is strictly controlled ⁇ 0.010%, the end carbon content is 0.03% - 0.08%, and the end temperature is 1620 °C ⁇ 1680 °C.
- the electric furnace smelting can be compared with the traditional converter smelting. Better control of slag operations.
- the ladle furnace (LF furnace) smelting step silicon carbide, ferrosilicon powder is used for deoxidation, and ash is used to make white slag.
- the white slag is kept for not less than 20 minutes, so that the white slag can completely remove inclusions.
- the refining furnace (VD furnace) smelting step degassing is carried out to ensure that the hydrogen content is controlled below 1.3 ppm, and the refining time is not less than 45 minutes.
- the molten iron in the tundish is introduced into the crystallizer through the intrusive nozzle, thereby avoiding the problem of easy introduction of air when introduced through the conventional nozzle, and in addition, in the junction of the nozzle and the tundish,
- the superheat is strictly controlled at 20 ⁇ 35.
- the drawing speed is controlled from 0.5m/min to 0.6m/min. The low superheat and continuous drawing speed of continuous casting ensure the quality of the casting. After cutting, the surface of the slab should be inspected manually to ensure that there are no obvious defects.
- the slab is taken at a low magnification to ensure that the slab has no cracks, no shrinkage holes, and the center looseness is no more than 3 grades. This requirement is to ensure the subsequent rolled rods.
- the preheating section is 850 ⁇ 30°C
- the heating section is 1100 ⁇ 30°C
- the soaking section is 1130 ⁇ 30°C to ensure soaking.
- the total time of the paragraph is not less than 2 hours.
- the temperature at which the control bar enters the finishing rolling step is ⁇ 850.
- C at bar temperature is 850.
- the water flow rate is controlled by controlling the degree of opening of the valve of the water-passing cooling device, thereby controlling the cooling strength.
- the opening degree of the first-stage valve is 30% - 40%
- the second stage The valve opening is 20%
- the third valve opening is 30% - 40%, which ensures that the surface temperature of the bar is reduced by 150 within 5s. C ⁇ 300.
- C after the bar is returned to the temperature, the temperature of the bar is lowered by 50 ° C ⁇ 100 by spray cooling.
- the heat is quickly dissipated, and then the bar is dispersed and placed on a cold bed to be cooled by air cooling for 12-14 minutes, and finally the lower bed is cooled by a stack of leather.
- the rod is cooled by three stages of water passage, wherein the first stage of water cooling is strongly cooled, the second stage of water cooling is weakly cooled, and the third stage is worn by the third stage.
- Water cooling uses strong cooling. After the finish rolling, the bar temperature is higher, and the first section is cooled by water, so that the surface temperature of the bar is rapidly lowered. Due to the heat transfer, the core heat is gradually turned to the surface after the surface temperature is lowered.
- the weak cooling method in order to transfer the heat of the core to the surface as much as possible, the weak cooling method is adopted in the second stage of water-cooling, so that more time is reserved for heat transfer to the core during the cooling process, after weak cooling, The heat transfer causes the surface temperature to rise, and the surface is quickly cooled by the strong cooling method, so that the surface heat is quickly taken away. At this time, the heat transfer causes the surface temperature and the core temperature to converge, thereby ensuring the mechanical properties. Uniformity.
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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JP2016516512A JP2016538417A (ja) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-12-03 | 非調質鋼及びその製造方法 |
US15/023,543 US20160215358A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-12-03 | Non quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing process thereof |
EP13894247.9A EP3050993A4 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-12-03 | Non-quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method therefor |
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WO2017188284A1 (ja) * | 2016-04-26 | 2017-11-02 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 高周波焼入れ用非調質鋼 |
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CN104032214A (zh) | 2014-09-10 |
US20160215358A1 (en) | 2016-07-28 |
JP2016538417A (ja) | 2016-12-08 |
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