WO2015039375A1 - 点云数据质量自动优化方法及系统 - Google Patents
点云数据质量自动优化方法及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015039375A1 WO2015039375A1 PCT/CN2013/087824 CN2013087824W WO2015039375A1 WO 2015039375 A1 WO2015039375 A1 WO 2015039375A1 CN 2013087824 W CN2013087824 W CN 2013087824W WO 2015039375 A1 WO2015039375 A1 WO 2015039375A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T19/00—Manipulating three-dimensional [3D] models or images for computer graphics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/21—Design or setup of recognition systems or techniques; Extraction of features in feature space; Blind source separation
- G06F18/213—Feature extraction, e.g. by transforming the feature space; Summarisation; Mappings, e.g. subspace methods
- G06F18/2136—Feature extraction, e.g. by transforming the feature space; Summarisation; Mappings, e.g. subspace methods based on sparsity criteria, e.g. with an overcomplete basis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T15/00—Three-dimensional [3D] image rendering
- G06T15/10—Geometric effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T19/00—Manipulating three-dimensional [3D] models or images for computer graphics
- G06T19/20—Editing of three-dimensional [3D] images, e.g. changing shapes or colours, aligning objects or positioning parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
- G06T5/70—Denoising; Smoothing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/20—Image preprocessing
- G06V10/30—Noise filtering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/60—Type of objects
- G06V20/64—Three-dimensional [3D] objects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/60—Type of objects
- G06V20/64—Three-dimensional [3D] objects
- G06V20/653—Three-dimensional [3D] objects by matching three-dimensional models, e.g. conformal mapping of Riemann surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10028—Range image; Depth image; 3D point clouds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2210/00—Indexing scheme for image generation or computer graphics
- G06T2210/56—Particle system, point based geometry or rendering
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and system for automatically optimizing point cloud data quality. Background technique
- 3D modeling is a hot issue in the field of computer science.
- the modeling methods are mainly divided into two categories according to the source of the data: modeling methods based on three-dimensional scattered point data and modeling methods based on images (single frame, multi-frame, sequence).
- the 3D laser scanning system can quickly acquire the 3D position and geometric texture information of the target object surface, and it is widely used in 3D modeling because of the relatively high accuracy of the acquired data.
- most of the existing modeling methods are to scan the target by a specific scanning instrument to obtain the original point cloud data required for modeling, and then use a series of artificially designed precision optimization algorithms in the late offline state.
- the point cloud data is processed by splicing, denoising, simplification, feature extraction and fusion to obtain a high-precision three-dimensional model.
- a key factor that has a significant impact on modeling accuracy is the accuracy of the scanner that initially acquired the data.
- the invention provides a method for automatically optimizing point cloud data quality, the method comprising the following steps: a.
- the initial point cloud data is collected from the target object to be reconstructed to obtain an initial discrete point cloud;
- preliminary data cleaning of the initial discrete point cloud obtained above is performed to obtain a locally optimal projection operator (LOP) sampling model.
- LOP projection operator
- c. Using the method of Possion surface reconstruction on the initial discrete point cloud obtained above, the Possion reconstruction point cloud model is obtained;
- the obtained Possion reconstruction point cloud model is iterated to the initial discrete point cloud obtained above. Algorithm registration; and e.
- the a specifically includes: collecting initial point cloud data by using a three-dimensional laser scanner to reconstruct the target object.
- the three-dimensional laser scanner can be hand-held or a conventional laser scanning device mounted at the end of a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm.
- the e specifically includes: calculating, for each point on the currently registered model, a weight of a surrounding point in a certain radius distance region corresponding to the point corresponding to the point on the obtained LOP sampling model, and the weight is The threshold is compared; if the weight is large, it indicates that the point cloud near the point in the initial discrete point cloud obtained in the step a is densely distributed, which meets the requirements of current modeling accuracy, and does not need to repeatedly scan the area; if the weight is small , indicating that the point cloud near the point in the initial discrete point cloud obtained in the step a is sparsely distributed, and the local area should be selectively scanned again in the later stage, and the above analysis process is repeated until the current modeling accuracy is satisfied.
- the weight is zero, it can be confirmed that the point is in the step c, and the real three-dimensional laser scanning point is calculated by interpolation in the Possion algorithm, and then it is necessary to scan the blind spot position of the point in the later stage. Repeat the above analysis process until the current modeling accuracy requirements are met or the artificial termination conditions are set.
- the artificial setting termination condition is that the number of times the scanner cannot reach or repeat the scanning exceeds the artificial predetermined value.
- the invention provides a point cloud data quality automatic optimization system, which comprises a data collection module electrically connected to each other, a raw data sampling module, a raw data reconstruction module, a model initial registration module and a module.
- a quality analysis module wherein: the data collection module is configured to collect initial point cloud data for the target to be reconstructed to obtain an initial discrete point cloud; and the original data sampling module is configured to perform preliminary on the initial discrete point cloud obtained above
- the data cleaning is obtained by a locally optimal projection operator (LOP) sampling model; the original data reconstruction module is used to obtain a Possion reconstruction point cloud on the initial discrete point cloud obtained above by using a Possion surface reconstruction method.
- LOP locally optimal projection operator
- a model initial registration module configured to register the obtained Possion reconstruction point cloud model with an initial point cloud algorithm obtained by the initial discrete point cloud obtained above; the model quality analysis module is configured to be used for current registration At each point on the model, on the obtained L0P sampling model, calculate a weight of the surrounding point in the region corresponding to the position of the point corresponding to the point, and compare the weight with the threshold to determine whether the area in the point needs to be repeated. scanning.
- the data collection module collects initial point cloud data by using a three-dimensional laser scanner to reconstruct the target object.
- the three-dimensional laser scanner can be hand-held or a conventional laser scanning device mounted at the end of a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm.
- the model quality analysis module calculates, for each point on the currently registered model, a weight of a surrounding point in a certain radius distance region corresponding to the point corresponding to the point on the obtained LOP sampling model, and the weight is The threshold is compared; if the weight is large, it indicates that the point cloud near the point is densely distributed in the initial discrete point cloud obtained by the data collection module, which meets the requirements of current modeling accuracy, and does not need to repeatedly scan the area; Small, it indicates that the point cloud near the point is sparse in the initial discrete point cloud obtained by the data collection module, and the local area should be selectively scanned again in the later stage, and the above analysis process is repeated until the current construction is satisfied. If the weight is zero, it can be confirmed that the point is in the original data reconstruction module, and the real 3D laser scanning point is calculated by interpolation in the Possion algorithm. Position focus scan, repeat the above analysis process until the current modeling accuracy requirements or artificial Given termination condition.
- the artificial setting termination condition is that the number of times the scanner cannot reach or repeat the scanning exceeds the artificial predetermined value.
- the method and system for automatically optimizing the point cloud data quality provided by the invention have no manual interference at all, and the method for automatically optimizing the input point cloud data quality in the three-dimensional modeling through the feedback obtained by multi-scale local spatial information analysis is selectively performed. Repeated scanning, which provides richer multi-scale real-scan data for later high-precision modeling, reduces the dependence on the inherent measurement accuracy of the hardware.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for automatically optimizing point cloud data quality according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a hardware architecture diagram of a point cloud data quality automatic optimization system according to the present invention. detailed description
- FIG. 1 there is shown a workflow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the point cloud data quality optimization method of the present invention.
- Step S401 Collect initial point cloud data for the object to be reconstructed to obtain an initial discrete point cloud.
- the 3D laser scanner is used to reconstruct the target object, especially for reconstructed objects with large volume and complicated geometric structure, such as beautifully crafted sculptures and other crafts in the museum, which are initially in accordance with the top and bottom, from the left. Omni-directional scanning to the right.
- the three-dimensional laser scanner can be hand-held or a common laser scanning device installed at the end of the multi-degree-of-freedom robot arm. For some time, the measurement blind zone caused by the laser measurement accuracy or the complex geometric texture structure of the target is not considered.
- an initial discrete point cloud representing the uneven distribution of the local point density of the real three-dimensional position is obtained.
- Step S402 performing preliminary data cleaning on the initial discrete point cloud obtained above to obtain a LOP sampling model, that is, selecting a Locally Optimal Projection Operator (LOP) to perform preliminary downsampling and regularizing operations on the data.
- LOP Locally Optimal Projection Operator
- the L0P operator is used to clean the original collected data.
- the reason for using the L0P operator is because it can generate a relatively simple point cloud while maintaining the geometric characteristics of the original input point cloud, that is, while downsampling and rejecting noise and outliers, it can also approximate complex geometry.
- the surface information of the three-dimensional object is because it can generate a relatively simple point cloud while maintaining the geometric characteristics of the original input point cloud, that is, while downsampling and rejecting noise and outliers, it can also approximate complex geometry.
- the surface information of the three-dimensional object is because it can generate a relatively simple point cloud while maintaining the geometric characteristics of the original input point cloud, that is, while downsampling and rejecting noise and outliers,
- L0P operator uses parameterless modeling, does not rely on local local vectors, local patch matching and other local information, so it can efficiently deal with noise that interferes with the point direction judgment of the original input data.
- the L0P operator is especially suitable for the following two applications where it is not easy to judge the direction of the input point: 1) One appearance has multiple folds and is close to each other; 2) For complex geometries that are difficult to reconstruct with local patch fitting methods Morphological object.
- Step S403 using a Possion surface reconstruction method on the obtained initial discrete point cloud to obtain a Possion reconstruction point cloud model.
- the Poisson surface reconstruction process is a multi-scale spatial adaptive analysis process, which considers all discrete points in space as a whole to be considered at one time without resorting to heuristic space partitioning or mixing operations, by solving Poisson equations. Complete the reconstruction of a complete closed mesh model to derive a three-dimensional model of the grid data level.
- the Possion surface reconstruction mechanism reduces the dependence on a good linear sparse system and is highly robust to noise interference.
- Step S404 performing the ICP registration on the obtained Possion reconstruction point cloud model and the initial discrete point cloud obtained above.
- the obtained Possion reconstruction point cloud model and the initial discrete point cloud are registered by an Inter Close Point (ICP) algorithm, and the next input model is obtained after fusion.
- the ICP algorithm calculates the transformation parameters of the two point sets by finding the relationship between the corresponding matching points of the two point sets to satisfy the convergence precision, and finally obtains the evaluation and rotation parameters between the two point sets. Complete the registration process.
- ICP Inter Close Point
- Step S405 Calculate, for each point on the current fusion registration model, a weight of the surrounding point in the region of the certain radius distance corresponding to the point corresponding to the point on the obtained LOP sampling model, and compare the weight with the threshold. Determine if the area in which the point is located requires repeated scans. Specifically, for each point on the current fusion registration model, a weight of a surrounding point in a certain radius distance region corresponding to the point corresponding to the point is calculated on the obtained LOP sampling model, and the weight is compared with the threshold. Comparison.
- the weight is large, it indicates that the point cloud near the point in the initial discrete point cloud obtained in the step S401 is densely distributed, which meets the requirements of the current modeling precision, and does not need to repeatedly scan the area; if the weight is small, it indicates that The point cloud near the point in the initial discrete point cloud obtained in the step S401 is relatively thin. Sparse, the latter should be selectively scanned again for the local area, and the above analysis process is repeated until the current modeling accuracy requirement is met; if the weight is zero, it can be confirmed that the point is in the step S403, and the real three-dimensional The laser scanning point is calculated by interpolation in the Possion algorithm.
- the artificial setting termination condition includes that the position scanner cannot reach or the number of repeated scans exceeds the artificial predetermined value.
- FIG. 2 it is a hardware architecture diagram of the point cloud data quality automatic optimization system of the present invention.
- the system includes a data collection module electrically connected to each other, a raw data sampling module, a raw data reconstruction module, a model initial registration module, and a model quality analysis module.
- the data collection module is configured to collect initial point cloud data for the object to be reconstructed.
- the data collection module adopts a three-dimensional laser scanner, and the target object to be reconstructed, especially for a reconstructed object with a large volume and a complicated geometric structure, such as a beautifully crafted sculpture and the like in a museum, etc. Down, full scan from left to right.
- the three-dimensional laser scanner can be hand-held or a common laser scanning device installed at the end of the multi-degree-of-freedom robot arm. Some measurement blind spots due to laser measurement accuracy or complex geometric texture of the target are not considered.
- the data collection module obtains an initial discrete point cloud representing the true three-dimensional position and uneven local point density distribution.
- the original data sampling module is configured to perform preliminary data cleaning on the initial discrete point cloud obtained above to obtain a LOP sampling model, that is, select a Locally Optimal Projection Operator (LOP) to perform preliminary downsampling on the data. And regular operations. Specifically, the original data sampling module selects a L0P operator to clean the original collected data.
- L0P operator The reason for using the L0P operator is because it can generate a relatively simple point cloud while maintaining the geometric features of the original input point cloud, that is, while downsampling and rejecting noise and outliers, it can also approximate complex geometry.
- the L0P operator is easy to use. It uses parameterless modeling and does not rely on local local vectors, local patch matching, and other local information.
- the L0P operator is especially suitable for the following two types. It is easy to judge the application of the input point direction: 1) One appearance has multiple folds and is close to each other; 2) For complex geometrical objects that are difficult to reconstruct with local patch fitting methods.
- the original data reconstruction module is configured to adopt a Possion surface reconstruction method on the real initial discrete point cloud obtained by the data collection module to obtain a Possion reconstruction point cloud model.
- the original data reconstruction module uses a Possion surface reconstruction method.
- the Poisson surface reconstruction process is a multi-scale spatial adaptive analysis process. It treats all discrete points in space as a whole and considers them all at once, without resorting to heuristic space partitioning or mixing operations, by solving Poisson equations. Complete the reconstruction of a complete closed mesh model to derive a three-dimensional model of the grid data level.
- the Possion surface reconstruction mechanism reduces the dependence on a good linear sparse system and is highly robust to noise interference.
- the model initial registration module is configured to integrate the obtained Possion reconstruction point cloud model and the obtained initial discrete point cloud by the ICP registration method, and obtain an input model of the model quality analysis module.
- the model initial registration module is configured to register the Possion reconstruction point cloud model obtained by the original data reconstruction module with an initial discrete point cloud by an Interrupt Near Point (ICP) algorithm, and after the fusion An input model of the model quality analysis module is obtained.
- ICP Interrupt Near Point
- the ICP algorithm calculates the transformation parameters of the two point sets by finding the relationship between the corresponding matching points of the two point sets to satisfy the convergence precision, and finally obtains the evaluation and rotation parameters between the two point sets. Complete the registration process.
- the model quality analysis module is configured to calculate, on each of the points on the current fusion registration model, a weight of the surrounding point in the region of the corresponding radius of the corresponding position on the obtained LOP sampling model, and The weight is compared to the threshold to determine if the region in which the point is located requires repeated scans. Specifically, the model quality analysis module calculates, for each point on the current fusion registration model, a weight of the surrounding point in the region corresponding to the position of the point corresponding to the point on the LOP sampling model obtained above, and The weight is compared to a threshold.
- the weight is large, it indicates that the point cloud near the point in the data collection module is densely distributed, which meets the requirements of current modeling accuracy, and does not need to repeatedly scan the area; if the weight is small, it indicates that the data collection module is Point cloud points near this point The cloth is sparse, and the latter should be selectively scanned again for the local area, and the above analysis process is repeated until the current modeling accuracy requirement is met; if the weight is zero, it can be confirmed that the point is in the original data reconstruction module. From the real 3D laser scanning point through the interpolation calculation in the Possion algorithm, it is necessary to scan the blind spot position of the point in the later stage, and repeat the above analysis process until the current modeling accuracy requirement or the artificial setting termination condition is satisfied. .
- the artificial setting termination condition includes that the position scanner cannot reach or the number of repeated scans exceeds the artificial predetermined value.
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| US14/893,035 US9684817B2 (en) | 2013-09-17 | 2013-11-26 | Method and system for automatically optimizing quality of point cloud data |
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| US9684817B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 |
| CN103489218A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
| US20160125226A1 (en) | 2016-05-05 |
| CN103489218B (zh) | 2016-06-29 |
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