WO2015027648A1 - 一种球墨铸铁基础桩管及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种球墨铸铁基础桩管及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015027648A1
WO2015027648A1 PCT/CN2013/090266 CN2013090266W WO2015027648A1 WO 2015027648 A1 WO2015027648 A1 WO 2015027648A1 CN 2013090266 W CN2013090266 W CN 2013090266W WO 2015027648 A1 WO2015027648 A1 WO 2015027648A1
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Prior art keywords
pipe
foundation pile
molten iron
pouring
casting
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PCT/CN2013/090266
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于佩
Original Assignee
Yu Pei
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Publication date
Application filed by Yu Pei filed Critical Yu Pei
Priority to US14/383,443 priority Critical patent/US20150233074A1/en
Publication of WO2015027648A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015027648A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/28—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals
    • E02D5/285—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals tubular, e.g. prefabricated from sheet pile elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B22D13/02—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
    • C21D8/105—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12—Pile foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/66—Mould-pipes or other moulds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a foundation pile pipe and a pipe casting process thereof, in particular to a nodular cast iron foundation pile pipe and a preparation process thereof.
  • the pile pipe is a pile foundation pipe that is pressed to the ground to serve as a foundation, and its flange is used to connect the poles on the ground, usually by bolting.
  • Pile tubes are used to replace traditional reinforced concrete foundations.
  • cement foundation construction it is necessary to first dig a large pit, pre-embed the steel bar and then inject the cement mortar, and then use it until the specified time. High labor intensity and long construction time;
  • the pile pipe foundation is the foundation formed by the pile driver directly pressing the pile pipe below the ground, and then directly installing the pole on the ground. This process is suitable for mechanized construction with low labor intensity and short construction time.
  • the pipe body of the pile pipe is connected with the flange by a welding process
  • the pipe body material is made of Q345 steel pipe
  • the flange plate is made of Q345 steel plate
  • the Q345 material is in accordance with GB/T1591-94 ⁇ “low alloy high strength structural steel. ⁇ .
  • the process of preparation is to use a Q345 steel plate to form a flange, and the bolt holes are machined according to the design requirements; the flange is welded to the Q345 steel pipe and welded together, and then treated with anti-corrosion treatment to obtain a pile with a flange. tube. Summary of the invention
  • a ductile cast iron foundation pile pipe and a preparation process thereof are provided.
  • the invention mainly relates to the foundation pile pipe adopting the ductile iron material to replace the Q345 steel pipe material in the prior art, and the flange and the pipe body are integrally cast or welded, and the spheroidal cast iron pipe process is combined to produce the foundation pile pipe, thereby achieving the whole product.
  • Ductile iron is widely used in industry, such as automotive, metallurgy, water and gas pipelines.
  • a preparation process of a ductile cast iron foundation pile pipe comprising the following steps:
  • the molten iron is prepared by heating the molten iron in an intermediate frequency electric furnace, and the molten iron is heated to 1460 ° C - 1500 ° C.
  • the mass fraction of the main chemical components in the molten iron is as follows:
  • the spheroidization treatment is by punching or feeding spheroidization or One method in the pure magnesium spheroidization method spheroidizes the molten iron.
  • the mass fraction of the main chemical components in the molten iron after spheroidization is as follows:
  • the pipe mold is a mold for a cast pipe.
  • the temperature of the pipe mold needs to be preheated to 180 ° C - 260 ° C.
  • preheating of the pipe mold before each pouring. heat there is no need for preheating of the pipe mold before each pouring. heat.
  • the spray coating is a tube mold with residual heat, and the residual heat temperature is between 180 ° C and 260 ° C.
  • the low speed rotation is performed, and the paint spraying trolley moves along the axis of the tube mold into the tube mold.
  • the spraying system begins to spray the already qualified paint. After checking the thickness of the coating and the surface of the coating, the sand core is installed to the socket of the tube mold, waiting for casting;
  • the main components of the coating are diatomaceous earth, bentonite and water, which are used after being stirred uniformly.
  • the coating has a thickness of from 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • the centrifugal casting is to pour the spheroidized molten iron into a fan-shaped pouring bag, perform slag removal, measure the temperature to reach 1330 ° C - 1350 ° C, start the pouring, and start pouring when the pipe mold speed reaches the set value, and
  • the iron water flow is instantaneously bred, and a second inoculant is instantaneously added to the molten iron flow during pouring.
  • the pouring car is retracted according to the set speed. After the pouring is completed, the water spray is cooled after continuously rotating the pipe mold for about 3-5 minutes, and the pipe is started when the pipe temperature is lower than 600 °C;
  • the inoculant is FeSiBa 5 , has a particle size of 0.1 mm to 0.7 mm, and is added in an amount of 0.1% to 0.25% (mass fraction).
  • the ingredients of the inoculant are as follows:
  • the extubation is started after the pouring, the tube is pulled out, and the tube is pulled out from the rotating tube mold.
  • the tube is pulled out, the two axial tugs in the lower part of the centrifugal casting machine are lifted respectively.
  • the tube is completely pulled out After that, the extubation forceps are disengaged from the tube.
  • the pipe is placed on a fixed rotating roller to continue to rotate and cool to prevent the elliptical deformation, and then the rotary spreader is hung to the annealing furnace to enter the annealing process;
  • the tube is annealed, the annealing temperature is 720 ° C - 750 ° C, the annealing time is 30 min, the matrix structure after annealing is ferrite + pearlite;
  • Finishing process After annealing, the coating and residue on the surface of the pipe are shot blasted, and then subjected to finishing, hydrostatic test and anti-corrosion treatment.
  • the finishing includes cutting, rounding and grinding, and the hydraulic pressure is 2.5MPa, holding time is 10s.
  • the invention also discloses a foundation pile pipe prepared by the preparation process of the above-mentioned ductile iron foundation pile pipe, characterized in that: the foundation pile pipe comprises a pipe body and a flange disposed at an end of the pipe body.
  • the tubular body has a diameter of 600-2000 mm and a length of 600-13000 mm
  • the flange has a diameter of 1000-2400 mm and a thickness of 25-50 mm.
  • the flange is integrally cast or welded with the tubular body.
  • welding flange is used, cast iron welding rod is used, and the welded part is welded after preheating.
  • the method of the present invention is the same as the method of using the pile pipe in the prior art, that is, the pile body of the pile pipe is pressed to the ground below by the pile driver, and the flange is exposed on the ground to play a foundation role, the pole It is bolted to the flange to form a whole.
  • the pile tube material of the invention is made of ductile iron, and the ductile iron is obtained by spheroidizing treatment and inoculation to obtain spheroidal graphite, which effectively improves the mechanical properties of the cast iron, in particular, improves the plasticity and toughness, thereby It has higher strength than carbon steel, and its comprehensive performance is close to that of steel. It is used to cast some parts with complex force, high strength, toughness and wear resistance.
  • the material of the foundation pile tube is replaced by the spheroidal graphite cast iron material of the prior art Q345 steel material, and the flange and the tube body are formed by welding forming or integral casting, and the overall strength is enhanced.
  • the invention has the advantages of corrosion resistance, long service life, low production cost, low labor intensity, short construction period, suitable for mechanized construction, and centrifugal casting process suitable for large-scale production.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of a base pile pipe welding flange of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the basic pile tube and the flange of the present invention integrally formed. detailed description
  • a ductile cast iron foundation pile pipe and a preparation process thereof comprising the following steps:
  • the molten iron is prepared by heating the molten iron in an intermediate frequency electric furnace, and the molten iron is heated to 1460 ° C - 1500 ° C.
  • the mass fraction of the main chemical components in the molten iron is as follows:
  • the spheroidization treatment is by punching or feeding spheroidization or One method in the pure magnesium spheroidization method spheroidizes the molten iron.
  • the mass fraction of the main chemical components in the molten iron after spheroidization is as follows:
  • the pipe mold is a mold for a cast pipe.
  • the temperature of the pipe mold needs to be preheated to 180 ° C - 260 ° C.
  • preheating of the pipe mold before each pouring. heat there is no need for preheating of the pipe mold before each pouring. heat.
  • the spray coating is a tube mold with residual heat, and the residual heat temperature is between 180 ° C and 260 ° C.
  • the low speed rotation is performed, and the paint spraying trolley moves along the axis of the tube mold into the tube mold.
  • the spraying system begins to spray the already qualified paint. After checking the thickness of the coating and the surface of the coating, the sand core is installed to the socket of the tube mold, waiting for casting;
  • the main components of the coating are diatomaceous earth, bentonite and water, which are used after being stirred uniformly.
  • the coating has a thickness of from 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • the centrifugal casting is to pour the spheroidized molten iron into a fan-shaped ladle, perform slag removal, measure the temperature to reach 1330 ° C - 1350 ° C, start the pouring, and start pouring when the tube mold speed reaches the set value, and
  • the iron water flow is instantaneously bred, and a second inoculant is instantaneously added to the molten iron flow during pouring.
  • the pouring car is retracted according to the set speed. After the pouring is completed, the water spray is cooled after continuously rotating the pipe mold for about 3-5 minutes, and the pipe is started when the pipe temperature is lower than 600 °C;
  • the inoculant is FeSiBa 5 , has a particle size of 0.1 mm to 0.7 mm, and is added in an amount of 0.1% to 0.25% (mass fraction).
  • the ingredients of the inoculant are as follows:
  • the extubation is after the end of the pouring, the extubation is started, and the extubation tool pulls the tube out of the rotating tube mold. While the pipe is being pulled out, the lower two axial tugs are lifted separately, and when the pipe is completely pulled out, the pipe puller is disengaged from the pipe.
  • the lowering of the supporting roller tube is placed on the fixed rotating roller to continue the rotary cooling to prevent the elliptical deformation, and then the rotary spreader is suspended from the annealing furnace to enter the annealing process;
  • the tube is annealed, the annealing temperature is 720 ° C - 750 ° C, the annealing time is 30 min, the matrix structure after annealing is ferrite + pearlite;
  • Finishing process After annealing, the coating and residue on the surface of the pipe are shot blasted, and then subjected to finishing, hydrostatic test and anti-corrosion treatment.
  • the finishing includes cutting, rounding and grinding, and the hydraulic pressure is 2.5MPa, holding time is 10s.
  • the foundation pile pipe prepared by the above-mentioned preparation process of the ductile cast iron foundation pile pipe comprises a pipe body 1 and a flange 2 disposed at an end of the pipe body 1, the flange 2 and the pipe body 1 being integrally cast Forming (as shown in Figure 2) or welding (as shown in Figure 1).
  • the pipe body 1 has a diameter of 600-2000 mm and a length of 600-13000 mm
  • the flange 2 has a diameter of 1000-2400 mm and a thickness of 15-50 mm.
  • the common size of the foundation pile pipe is not limited to the following two cases, and other sizes are prepared according to actual needs, and will not be enumerated one by one.
  • the pipe body 1 has a diameter of 800 mm and a length of 8000 mm, and the flange 2 has a diameter of 1200 mm and a thickness of 32 mm.
  • the pipe body 1 has a diameter of 1100 mm and a length of 8000 mm, and the flange 2 has a diameter of 1580 mm and a thickness of 30 mm.

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Abstract

一种球墨铸铁基础桩管及其制备工艺，其中制备工艺包括如下步骤：①铸管前准备：包括铁水准备、球化处理和管模内壁喷涂涂料；②铸管工序：包括离心浇注和拔管；③退火处理工序；④精整工序。所述基础桩管由上述工艺制备，包括管体（1）和设置在所述管体端部的法兰盘（2），所述法兰盘（2）与所述基础桩管为整体铸造成型或焊接成型。所述基础桩管的材质由球墨铸铁替代了现有技术中的Q345钢材质，采用法兰盘（2）与管体（1）整体铸造成型或焊接成型，整体强度增强，具有耐腐蚀，使用寿命长，制作成本低，劳动强度低，施工周期短，适合机械化施工等性能。

Description

一种球墨铸铁基础桩管及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种基础桩管及其铸管工艺， 具体地说是一种球墨铸铁基础桩 管及其制备工艺。 背景技术
桩管是桩基础用管， 是将其打压到地下充当基础， 其法兰盘用于连接地面 上的柱杆， 通常采用螺栓连接。 桩管用于替代传统钢筋水泥基础。 水泥基础施 工时需要首先挖一个较大的地坑， 预埋钢筋后灌注水泥砂浆而成， 然后养生到 规定时间才能使用。 劳动强度高和施工时间较长； 桩管基础是用打桩机将桩管 直接打压到地面以下形成的基础， 然后直接安装地面上的柱杆。 这种工艺适合 机械化施工， 劳动强度低和施工时间短。
现有技术中，桩管的管体与法兰盘连接采用焊接工艺，其管体材质采用 Q345 钢管， 法兰盘采用 Q345钢板， Q345材质符合 GB/T1591-94<《低合金高强度结 构钢》。 工艺制备过程是先用 Q345钢板制作成法兰盘， 并且根据设计要求加工 螺栓孔； 将法兰盘与 Q345钢管对接后焊在一起， 然后进行防腐处理， 得到一支 带有法兰盘的桩管。 发明内容
根据上述提出的技术问题， 而提供一种球墨铸铁基础桩管及其制备工艺。 本发明主要是基础桩管采用球墨铸铁材质替代现有技术中的 Q345钢管材质，且 法兰盘与管体整体铸造成型或焊接成型， 并结合球墨铸铁管工艺生产基础桩管， 从而达到产品整体强度增强， 耐腐蚀性能好等效果。 球墨铸铁被广泛应用在工 业上， 如汽车、 治金、 水及燃气管道等各个领域。 其性能特点如下： 抗拉强度 o b^500MPa; 抗压强度 σ bc 700MPa， 抗弯强度 σ bb 590MPa， 屈服强度 σ 2 ^320MPa, 延伸率 δ 5 7%， 布氏硬度 HBS为 170〜230， 退火处理后， 基体金 相组织为铁素体 +珠光体。
本发明采用的技术手段如下： 一种球墨铸铁基础桩管的制备工艺， 其特征在于包括如下步骤：
①铸管前准备： 包括铁水准备、 球化处理和管模内壁喷涂涂料；
所述铁水准备是用中频电炉加热铁水， 铁水升温至 1460°C-1500°C， 铁水中 主要化学成分的质量分数如下：
C: 2.9-3.2%、 Si: 1.4-1.6%、 Mn 0.5%、 Ti 0.04%、 P 0.06%、 S^O.020%; 所述球化处理是采用冲入法或喂丝球化法或纯镁球化法中的一种方式对铁 水进行球化， 球化后铁水中主要化学成分的质量分数如下：
C: 3.0-3.3%, Si: 1.9-2.4%、Mn 0.5%、P 0.06%、S 0.02%、Mg: 0.03-0.06%、 Ti^O.04%, 球化后的铁水除渣后运往浇注工序；
所述管模是用于铸管的模具， 在浇注第 1-2 支管时， 管模温度需要预热至 180°C-260°C， 如连续生产， 每次浇注前管模有余热无需预热。
所述喷涂涂料是将带有余热的管模， 余热温度在 180°C-260°C， 在管模旋转 机构的驱动下， 做低速旋转， 涂料喷涂小车沿管模轴线运动进入到管模内部， 喷涂系统开始喷涂已经混制合格的涂料， 检验涂料厚度和涂料表面合格后， 将 砂芯安装到管模的承口部位， 等待浇注；
所述涂料主要成份是硅藻土、 膨润土和水， 搅拌均匀后使用。
所述涂料厚度为 0.5mm-1.0mm。
②铸管工序： 包括离心浇注和拔管；
所述离心浇注是将球化后的铁水倒入扇形浇注包内， 进行除渣、 测定温度 达到 1330°C-1350°C后， 启动浇注， 当管模转速达到设定值后开始浇注， 并对铁 水流进行瞬时孕育， 浇注时向铁水流瞬时加入二次孕育剂。 浇注车按设定速度 后退， 浇注完毕后， 连续旋转管模约 3-5min左右后开始喷水冷却， 管子温度低 于 600°C时开始拔管；
所述孕育剂为 FeSiBa5， 粒度为 0.1mm-0.7mm， 加入量为 0.1%-0.25% (质 量分数）。
所述孕育剂成分如下:
Figure imgf000004_0001
所述拔管是在浇注结束后， 开始拔管， 拔管钳将管子从旋转的管模中拔出， 在管子拔出的同时， 离心铸管机下部两个轴向拖轮分别抬起， 当管子完全拔出 后， 拔管钳与管子脱开。 下降托轮， 管子放到固定的旋转托滚上继续旋转冷却， 防止椭圆变形， 然后由旋转吊具吊到退火炉进入退火工序；
③退火处理工序： 管子进行退火处理， 退火温度为 720°C-750°C， 退火时间 为 30min， 退火后基体组织为铁素体 +珠光体；
④精整工序： 退火后对管子表面的涂料及残渣进行抛丸处理， 然后进行精 整、 水压试验和防腐处理， 其中精整包括切管、 矫圆、 打磨等工序， 水压试验 压力为 2.5MPa， 保压时间为 10s。
本发明还公开了一种采用上述球墨铸铁基础桩管的制备工艺制备的基础桩 管， 其特征在于： 所述基础桩管包括管体和设置在所述管体端部的法兰盘。
作为优选， 所述管体的直径为 600-2000mm， 长度为 600-13000mm， 所述法 兰盘的直径为 1000-2400mm， 厚度为 25-50mm。
作为优选， 所述法兰盘与所述管体为整体铸造成型或焊接成型。
如采用焊接法兰， 采用铸铁焊条， 焊接部位经预热后焊接而成。
本发明与现有技术中的桩管的使用方法是相同的， 即采用打桩机将桩管的 管体部分打压到地面以下， 法兰盘露在地面之上， 起到基础的作用， 柱杆与法 兰盘用螺栓连接起来， 形成一个整体。
较现有技术相比， 本发明桩管材质采用的是球墨铸铁， 球墨铸铁是通过球 化处理和孕育处理得到球状石墨， 有效地提高了铸铁的机械性能， 特别是提高 了塑性和韧性， 从而得到比碳钢还高的强度， 其综合性能接近于钢， 用于铸造 一些受力复杂， 强度、 韧性、 耐磨性要求较高的零件。
本发明将基础桩管的材质由球墨铸铁替代了现有技术中的 Q345钢材质，法 兰盘与管体采用焊接成型或整体铸造成型， 整体强度增强。 本发明具有耐腐蚀， 使用寿命长， 制作成本低， 劳动强度低， 施工周期短， 适合机械化施工， 采用 离心铸造工艺适合规模化生产等优点。 附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图 1是本发明基础桩管焊接法兰盘的结构示意图。
图 2是本发明基础桩管和法兰盘一体成型的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
一种球墨铸铁基础桩管及其制备工艺， 包括如下步骤：
①铸管前准备： 包括铁水准备、 球化处理和管模内壁喷涂涂料；
所述铁水准备是用中频电炉加热铁水， 铁水升温至 1460°C-1500°C， 铁水中 主要化学成分的质量分数如下：
C: 2.9-3.2%、 Si: 1.4-1.6%、 Mn 0.5%、 Ti 0.04%、 P 0.06%、 S^O.020%; 所述球化处理是采用冲入法或喂丝球化法或纯镁球化法中的一种方式对铁 水进行球化， 球化后铁水中主要化学成分的质量分数如下：
C: 3.0-3.3%, Si: 1.9-2.4%、Mn 0.5%、P 0.06%、S 0.02%、Mg: 0.03-0.06%、 Ti^O.04%, 球化后的铁水除渣备用；
所述管模是用于铸管的模具， 在浇注第 1-2 支管时， 管模温度需要预热至 180°C-260°C， 如连续生产， 每次浇注前管模有余热无需预热。
所述喷涂涂料是将带有余热的管模， 余热温度在 180°C-260°C， 在管模旋转 机构的驱动下， 做低速旋转， 涂料喷涂小车沿管模轴线运动进入到管模内部， 喷涂系统开始喷涂已经混制合格的涂料， 检验涂料厚度和涂料表面合格后， 将 砂芯安装到管模的承口部位， 等待浇注；
所述涂料主要成份是硅藻土、 膨润土和水， 搅拌均匀后使用。
所述涂料厚度为 0.5mm-1.0mm。
②铸管工序： 包括离心浇注和拔管；
所述离心浇注是将球化后的铁水倒入扇形铁水包内， 进行除渣、 测定温度 达到 1330°C-1350°C后， 启动浇注， 当管模转速达到设定值后开始浇注， 并对铁 水流进行瞬时孕育， 浇注时向铁水流瞬时加入二次孕育剂。 浇注车按设定速度 后退， 浇注完毕后， 连续旋转管模约 3-5min左右后开始喷水冷却， 管子温度低 于 600°C时开始拔管；
所述孕育剂为 FeSiBa5， 粒度为 0.1mm-0.7mm， 加入量为 0.1%-0.25% (质 量分数）。
所述孕育剂成分如下:
Figure imgf000006_0001
所述拔管是在浇注结束后， 开始拔管， 拔管钳将管子从旋转的管模中拔出， 在管子拔出的同时， 下部两个轴向拖轮分别抬起， 当管子完全拔出后， 拔管钳 与管子脱开。 下降托轮管子放到固定的旋转托滚上继续旋转冷却， 防止椭圆变 形， 然后由旋转吊具吊到退火炉进入退火工序；
③退火处理工序： 管子进行退火处理， 退火温度为 720°C-750°C， 退火时间 为 30min， 退火后基体组织为铁素体 +珠光体；
④精整工序： 退火后对管子表面的涂料及残渣进行抛丸处理， 然后进行精 整、 水压试验和防腐处理， 其中精整包括切管、 矫圆、 打磨等工序， 水压试验 压力为 2.5MPa， 保压时间为 10s。
采用上述球墨铸铁基础桩管的制备工艺制备的基础桩管， 包括管体 1 和设 置在所述管体 1端部的法兰盘 2， 所述法兰 2与所述管体 1为一体铸造成型（如 图 2所示） 或焊接成型 （如图 1所示）。 所述管体 1的直径为 600-2000mm， 长 度为 600-13000mm， 所述法兰盘 2的直径为 1000-2400mm， 厚度为 15-50mm。
现列举两个采用上述工艺制备的基础桩管的实例， 基础桩管常用的尺寸不 局限于下述的两种情况， 其他尺寸根据实际需要而制备， 暂不一一列举。
①所述管体 1的直径为 800mm， 长度为 8000mm， 所述法兰盘 2的直径为 1200mm, 厚度为 32mm。
②所述管体 1的直径为 1100mm, 长度为 8000mm， 所述法兰盘 2的直径为 1580mm, 厚度为 30mm。
以上所述， 仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不局 限于此， 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 根据本 发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变， 都应涵盖在本发明的保护 范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种球墨铸铁基础桩管的制备工艺， 其特征在于包括如下步骤：
①铸管前准备： 包括铁水准备、 球化处理和管模内壁喷涂涂料；
所述铁水准备是用中频电炉加热铁水， 铁水升温至 1460°C-1500°C， 铁水中 主要化学成分的质量分数如下：
C: 2.9-3.2%、 Si: 1.4-1.6%、 Mn 0.5%、 Ti 0.04%、 P 0.06%、 S^O.020%; 所述球化处理是采用冲入法或喂丝球化法或纯镁球化法中的一种方式对铁 水进行球化， 球化后铁水中主要化学成分的质量分数如下：
C: 3.0-3.3%, Si: 1.9-2.4%、Mn 0.5%、P 0.06%、S 0.02%、Mg: 0.03-0.06%、 Ti^O.04%, 球化后的铁水除渣备用；
所述喷涂涂料是将预先制备的涂料喷涂到管模内壁， 再将砂芯安装在管模 的承口部位， 等待浇注；
②铸管工序： 包括离心浇注和拔管；
所述离心浇注是将球化后的铁水经排渣、 测温， 加入一次孕育剂后倒入扇 形浇注包里， 浇注时向铁水流瞬时加入二次孕育剂， 浇注完后进行水冷处理； 所述拔管是在浇注结束后， 通过拔管钳将管子从管模中拔出， 管子在拔出 过程中及拔出后连续旋转， 然后由旋转吊具将管子运往退火炉；
③退火处理工序： 管子进行退火处理， 退火温度为 720°C-750°C， 退火时间 为 30min;
④精整工序： 退火后对管子表面的涂料及残渣进行抛丸处理， 然后进行精 整、 水压试验和防腐处理。
2、 一种采用权利要求 1所述的球墨铸铁基础桩管的制备工艺制备的基础桩 管， 其特征在于： 所述基础桩管包括管体和设置在所述管体端部的法兰盘。
3、 根据权利要求 2 所述的基础桩管， 其特征在于： 所述管体的直径为 600-2000mm， 长度为 600-13000mm， 所述法兰盘的直径为 1000-2400mm， 厚度 为 15-50mm。 为整体铸造成型或焊接成型
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