WO2015027568A1 - Pet成像方法、pet成像和钼靶融合成像装置及方法 - Google Patents

Pet成像方法、pet成像和钼靶融合成像装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2015027568A1
WO2015027568A1 PCT/CN2013/086998 CN2013086998W WO2015027568A1 WO 2015027568 A1 WO2015027568 A1 WO 2015027568A1 CN 2013086998 W CN2013086998 W CN 2013086998W WO 2015027568 A1 WO2015027568 A1 WO 2015027568A1
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pet
detector
molybdenum target
imaging
mammography
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PCT/CN2013/086998
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黄钢
谢庆国
朱俊
王璐瑶
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苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4417Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to combined acquisition of different diagnostic modalities
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03Computed tomography [CT]
    • A61B6/037Emission tomography
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/42Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4208Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
    • A61B6/4258Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector for detecting non x-ray radiation, e.g. gamma radiation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/42Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4266Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a plurality of detector units
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01TMEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/161Applications in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting
    • G01T1/1611Applications in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting using both transmission and emission sources sequentially
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01TMEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/29Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beam; Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
    • G01T1/2914Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
    • G01T1/2985In depth localisation, e.g. using positron emitters; Tomographic imaging (longitudinal and transverse section imaging; apparatus for radiation diagnosis sequentially in different planes, steroscopic radiation diagnosis)

Definitions

  • PET imaging method PET imaging and molybdenum target fusion imaging device and method
  • present application claims to be submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on August 24, 2013, application number 201310373141.3, and the invention name is "PET imaging method, PET imaging and molybdenum target fusion imaging device"
  • PET imaging method PET imaging and molybdenum target fusion imaging device
  • the present invention relates to the field of medical imaging, and in particular to a PET imaging and mammography X-ray fusion imaging apparatus and method for breast and lymph, which is suitable for PET and molybdenum target X-ray imaging systems in the field of medical imaging and diagnosis.
  • PET Positron Emission Tomography
  • PET is important for the qualitative diagnosis of the primary tumor and axillary lymph nodes of the breast cancer, the qualitative diagnosis of recurrence and metastasis and the judgment of therapeutic efficacy.
  • PET cannot provide anatomical imaging, it is impossible to accurately locate the tumor, which limits its development.
  • mammography has been the only method approved by the US FDA for screening breast cancer.
  • the mammography machine has a very high resolution of gradation density, good photographic image clarity, high contrast, high resolution, can show the structure and disorder of various layers of the breast, and find tiny lesions; can find 0.8cm or even Smaller tumors and distinguish between good and malignant are the most effective, accurate and reliable means of diagnosing and detecting early breast cancer, and they are economical, convenient, rapid, and patient-free.
  • Combining PET imaging technology with mammography X-ray imaging technology can complement each other, accurately obtain functional information and anatomical information of breast sites, and achieve qualitative diagnosis, recurrence and metastasis of primary breast cancer and axillary lymph nodes. The qualitative diagnosis is of great significance.
  • the mammography mammography X-ray system usually adopts a flat-panel detection structure, which is located on the chest, and is used to image the breast after being squeezed and positioned.
  • the PET imaging technique is limited by the imaging algorithm, and usually adopts a ring detection structure, a small ring of PET.
  • the detector system cannot be integrated with the molybdenum target mammography system of the flat plate, and cannot cover the entire breast part at the same time, so that the two images can be simultaneously imaged.
  • the imaging field of view of the small ring PET system cannot completely cover the axillary lymph nodes, and it cannot be Imaging of axillary lymph nodes.
  • the PET system and the mammography mammography system can be integrated, the spatial resolution and system sensitivity of the PET detection ring are too large, which will reduce the imaging quality of the PET system.
  • the high cost of clinical PET also limits its promotion and application.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a PET imaging and molybdenum target fusion imaging device comprising a molybdenum target X-ray tube, a high voltage generator,
  • each set of PET detector systems is comprised of at least one detector module that forms a non-annular detection structure.
  • each of the PET detector systems is composed of one or more detector modules, and the surface of the entire detector system is preferably arranged in the above PET.
  • Imaging and molybdenum target fusion imaging device each set of PET detection The number of detector modules included in the system, the surface arrangement of the detector modules, the size of the detector system, and the performance of the detector system are consistent.
  • the number of detector modules included in each set of PET detector systems, the surface arrangement of the detector modules, the size and detection of the detector system is inconsistent or partially consistent.
  • each of the detector systems is independently moved by a mechanical motion system.
  • the pitch of the two sets of PET detector systems is changed by a mechanical motion system, the pitch ranging from 5 cm to 80 cm.
  • the two sets of PET detector systems one set is located in front of the human chest and the other set is located behind the back of the human body.
  • the device is applied to breast and lymph, and the device further comprises a breast fixing device for wrapping and fixing the breast in cooperation with the frame, the breast fixing device being dense More material composition than ⁇ .
  • the frame is vertical or horizontal, and the frame is fixed or movable.
  • the molybdenum target X-ray tube is a molybdenum target X-ray tube for molybdenum target mammary gland.
  • the molybdenum target scanning system is located on the front side of the human chest, and the molybdenum target X-ray tube and the X-ray detector adjust the distance between the two by the mechanical motion system. .
  • the data transmission system adopts a wired transmission method or a wireless transmission method.
  • the mechanical motion system is automatically controlled by a control system, either directly by manual control or by automatic and manual mixing control.
  • a PET imaging and molybdenum target fusion imaging method comprising the steps of: Fixing the position of one or both breasts of the human body;
  • the PET detector system places a set of PET detector systems on the front of the one or two fixed breasts and an additional set of PET detector systems on the back of the one or both fixed breasts.
  • the ray scan data and the PET scan data are collected and transmitted to a data processing server for processing by a data transmission system to obtain a scanned image and a PET image of the molybdenum target system;
  • the scanned image of the molybdenum target and the PET image were analyzed and processed to obtain a fusion image of the molybdenum target and PET.
  • one or both breasts of the human body are fixed by a breast fixing device.
  • the spacing between the molybdenum target X-ray tube and the X-ray detector is adjusted by a mechanical motion system or a control system or manual control.
  • the PET image is a 2D or 3D image.
  • a PET imaging method comprising the steps of:
  • the lymph node is subjected to concentrated PET scanning, and the obtained PET scanning data is collected by a data acquisition system, and the data is transmitted to a data processing server through a data transmission system for processing to obtain a PET image.
  • a PET imaging method comprising the steps of:
  • lymph nodes are subjected to PET scanning, and the obtained PET scanning data is collected by a data acquisition system, and the data is transmitted to a data processing server through a data transmission system for processing to obtain a PET image.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts a non-ring detection structure.
  • the PET detector system is integrated with the mammography X-ray system to avoid the use of a ring-shaped PET system, which improves performance and reduces costs, and is more conducive to the promotion and application of technology.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a PET imaging and mammography X-ray fusion imaging method of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a PET imaging method for scanning only lymph nodes according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is another simultaneous embodiment of the present invention. Flow chart of a PET imaging method that scans only or two breasts and lymph nodes in their vicinity;
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the components of a PET imaging and molybdenum target X-ray fusion imaging device of the present invention. detailed description
  • the present invention discloses a high performance, low cost PET imaging and mammography X-ray fusion imaging apparatus and method for breast and lymph.
  • the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.
  • the PET imaging and molybdenum target fusion imaging apparatus disclosed in the present invention is applied to breast and lymph, which includes a mammography tube, a high voltage generator, an X-ray detector, two sets of PET detector systems, and data acquisition.
  • a module, a frame, a mechanical motion system, a control system, a breast fixation device, a data transmission system, and a data processing server the molybdenum target X-ray tube and the X-ray detector comprise a molybdenum target scanning system, each set of PET detectors
  • the system consists of at least one detector module.
  • the two sets of PET detector systems form a non-annular detection structure.
  • the present invention avoids the use of a clinical PET system with a ring structure by employing a non-annular detection structure, which improves performance and reduces cost.
  • the molybdenum target scanning system is located on the front side of the human chest, and the molybdenum target X-ray tube and the X-ray detector adjust the spacing between the two by a mechanical motion system.
  • the breast fixation device is composed of a lower density material including: polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyetheretherketone, and the like. The breast fixation device can cooperate with the frame to wrap and fix the breast, ensuring that the breast does not displace and deform during the scanning process.
  • Each set of PET detector system consists of one or more detector modules, and the entire detection surface.
  • the main function of the PET detector is to convert high-energy gamma photons into visible light signals, and process them through the data acquisition system to obtain energy information, time information and position information for later image reconstruction. Therefore, its main performance indicators include: energy resolution, temporal resolution, inherent spatial resolution and detection efficiency. Among them, the energy resolution characterizes the accuracy of the detector's detection of gamma photon energy information, usually expressed by dividing the full width at half maximum of the energy spectrum by the energy peak (511 keV in PET system). The energy resolution of common detectors is 3%- 30%; Inter-resolution characterization of the accuracy of the gamma photon time information measurement by the detector is usually expressed by the full width at half maximum of the time spectrum.
  • the time resolution of the commonly used detector is 300 ps-20 ns.
  • the inherent spatial resolution characterizes the detector for gamma photon deposition.
  • the accuracy of position detection is usually expressed by the full width at half maximum after point source measurement.
  • the inherent spatial resolution of common detectors is 0.5mm-4mm.
  • the detection efficiency is the ratio of the effective count actually received by the detector to the total count of incident photons. It is usually expressed as a percentage. Currently, the detection efficiency of commonly used detectors is 30%-80%.
  • the number of detector modules included in each group of PET detector systems, the surface arrangement of the detector modules, the size of the detector system, and the performance of the detector system are consistent.
  • the number of detector modules included in each group of PET detector systems, the surface arrangement of the detector modules, the size of the detector system, and the performance of the detector system are all inconsistent or partially consistent.
  • the PET detector system of the present invention has a time resolution of 50 ps to 50 ns.
  • Each set of detector systems performs independent motion through a mechanical motion system.
  • the spacing of the two sets of PET detector systems is changed by a mechanical motion system, the spacing ranging from 5 cm to 80 cm.
  • the frame is vertical or horizontal, and the frame is fixed or movable.
  • the molybdenum target X-ray tube is a molybdenum target X-ray tube for molybdenum target mammary gland.
  • the data transmission system may adopt a wired transmission mode, such as Ethernet, USB, serial communication, etc., or may adopt a wireless transmission method, such as 802.11a, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and the like.
  • the mechanical motion system may be automatically controlled by a control system, or may be manually controlled, or may be automatically and manually mixed for control.
  • the PET imaging and molybdenum target fusion imaging method disclosed in the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Adjusting the spacing between the mammography tube and the X-ray detector such that the two are as close as possible to one or two fixed breasts and can cover the entire breast providing two sets of claims 1-8 PET detector system, placing a set of PET detector systems on the front of the one or two fixed breasts, placing another set of PET detector systems on the one or two fixed breasts Corresponding to the back of the back, and adjusting the two sets of detector systems to cover the entire breast; simultaneous or sequential mammography and PET scanning of the one or two fixed breasts, through a data acquisition system Obtaining the obtained mammographic X-ray scanning data and PET scanning data, and transmitting to a data processing server through a data transmission system for processing, obtaining a scanned image and a PET image of the molybdenum target system;
  • the scanned image of the molybdenum target and the PET image were analyzed and processed to obtain a fusion image of the molybdenum target and PET.
  • the method of the present invention can scan and image one breast, and can also scan and image two breasts at the same time.
  • the two sets of PET detector systems are provided with all of the PET detector system features described in the PET imaging and molybdenum target X-ray fusion imaging devices described above.
  • S3 performing mammography on the one or two fixed breasts, the data is collected by a data acquisition system, and transmitted to a data processing server through a data transmission system for processing to obtain a scanned image of the molybdenum target system;
  • S5 Provide two sets of PET detector systems, move a set of PET detector systems to the front of one or both breasts, and move another set of PET detector systems to the back of the one or both breasts And adjusting the two sets of detector systems to cover the breast;
  • S6 performing a PET scan on the one or both breasts, and collecting the obtained PET scan data through a data acquisition system, and passing the data The data transmission system is transmitted to the data processing server for processing to obtain a PET image;
  • S7 removing the two sets of PET detector systems
  • S8 The mammographic target scanned image and the PET image are analyzed and processed to obtain a fused image of the molybdenum target and the PET.
  • S1 Fix the position of one or both breasts of the human body
  • S2 Provide two sets of PET detector systems, move a set of PET detector systems to the front of one or two fixed breasts, and move another set of PET detector systems to the one or both breasts. The rear, and adjust the two sets of detector systems to cover the entire breast;
  • S3 performing PET scanning on the one or two breasts, and collecting the obtained PET scan data through a data acquisition system, and transmitting the data to a data processing server through a data transmission system for processing to obtain a PET image;
  • S8 The mammography scan image and the PET image are analyzed and processed to obtain a fusion image of the molybdenum target and the PET.
  • S1 Fix the position of one or both breasts of the human body
  • S2 Adjust the spacing between the mammography tube and the X-ray detector so that the two are as close as possible to one or two fixed breasts, and can cover the entire breast, providing two sets of PET detector systems, one set The PET detector system moves to the front of the one or two fixed breasts, moves another set of PET detector systems to the back of the one or both breasts, and adjusts the two sets of detector systems. Enabling it to cover the one or two breasts;
  • S3 simultaneous mammography and PET scanning of the one or both breasts, and
  • the obtained molybdenum target X-ray scan data and PET scan data are collected by a data acquisition system, and the obtained data is transmitted to a data processing server through a data transmission system for processing, and a scanned image and a PET image of the molybdenum target system are obtained;
  • S8 The mammography scan image and the PET image are analyzed and processed to obtain a fusion image of the molybdenum target and the PET.
  • one or two breasts of the human body are fixed by a breast fixing device.
  • the spacing between the molybdenum target X-ray tube and the X-ray detector is specifically adjusted by a control system or manual control. It is also possible to adjust the spacing between the two by the mechanical motion system described above.
  • the obtained PET image is a 2D or 3D image.
  • the two sets of PET detector systems mentioned in the present invention can also scan and scan the lymph nodes near the breast.
  • One breast and one side of the lymph are imaged, one case is to cover both breasts and lymph on both sides for imaging.
  • the specific method description is as follows.
  • the present invention also discloses a PET imaging method which can perform concentrated scanning on a lymph node near a certain breast of a human body to finally obtain an image.
  • the specific steps are:
  • S2 Provide two sets of PET detector systems, move a set of PET detector systems to the front of the lymph nodes near one breast of the human body, move another set of PET detector systems to the posterior part of the lymph nodes near the breast, and adjust Two sets of detector systems that enable it to cover the lymph nodes;
  • S3 Performing a concentrated PET scan on the lymph node, and collecting the obtained PET scan data through a data acquisition system, and transmitting the data to a data processing server through a data transmission system for processing to obtain a PET image.
  • the present invention also discloses a PET imaging method, which can scan a certain breast of a human body and lymph nodes in the vicinity thereof to finally obtain an image; or can simultaneously treat two breasts and each breast nearby.
  • the lymph nodes are scanned and the image is finally obtained.
  • the specific method steps are as follows: fixing the position of the human body;
  • lymph nodes are subjected to PET scanning, and the obtained PET scanning data is collected by a data acquisition system, and the data is transmitted to a data processing server through a data transmission system for processing to obtain a PET image.
  • the two sets of PET detector systems are provided with all of the PET detector system features described in the PET imaging and molybdenum target X-ray fusion imaging devices described above.
  • the PET imaging and molybdenum target X-ray fusion imaging apparatus and method of the embodiments of the present invention are integrated by using a non-circular detection structure PET detector system and a molybdenum target mammography system to avoid the use of a ring structure.
  • the clinical PET system improves performance, reduces costs, and is more conducive to the promotion and application of technology.

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Abstract

一种针对乳腺和淋巴的PET成像和钼靶X射线融合成像装置,包括:钼靶X射线管、高压发生器、X射线探测器、两组PET探测器系统、数据采集模块、机械运动系统、控制系统、数据传输系统和数据处理服务器。两组PET探测器系统组成一个非环形探测结构。一种针对乳腺和淋巴的PST成像和钼靶X射线融合成像方法,包括步骤:通过钼靶X射线扫描获得钼靶扫描图像;通过PET扫描获得PET图像;对钼靶扫描图像和PET图像进行分析和处理,获得钼靶和PET的融合图像。该装置通过将非环形探测结构的PET探测器系统和钼靶乳腺X射线系统进行合成,提高了装置的性能,降低了成本。

Description

PET成像方法、 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置及方法 本申请要求于 2013 年 08 月 24 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201310373141.3、 发明名称为" PET成像方法、 PET成像和钼靶融合成像 装置及方法"的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请 中。 技术领域
本发明涉及医学成像领域,具体涉及一种针对乳腺和淋巴的 PET成像 和钼靶 X射线融合成像装置及方法, 该装置及方法适用于医学成像和诊断 领域中需要 PET和钼靶 X射线成像系统对乳腺和淋巴进行扫描和融合成像 的应用场合。 背景技术
长期以来, 癌被视为不治之症, 人们谈癌色变。 乳腺癌是女性常见多 发性恶性肿瘤之一, 危害极大。 正电子发射断层 (Positron Emission Tomography, 全文均筒称 PET )作为一种新的影像学检查方法, 是利用正 常组织与肿瘤组织代谢上的差异对肿瘤作出诊断。 由于其具有较高的灵敏 度和特异性, 为乳腺癌的无创伤诊断提供了机遇, 并可对乳腺癌的治疗进 行动态观察, 为治疗方案的选择提供依据; 另一方面, PET在乳腺癌的治 疗随访中可以及早地发现肿瘤的复发和转移。 临床研究证明, PET对乳腺 癌原发肿瘤和腋窝淋巴结的定性诊断、 复发和转移的定性诊断及治疗疗效 的判断都具有重要意义。 但是由于 PET无法提供解剖成像, 无法对肿瘤的 发生进行准确的结构定位, 限制了其发展。
乳腺 X射线机摄影技术经过几十年的发展, 是目前唯一被美国 FDA 批准用于对乳腺癌筛查的检查方法。 特别是乳腺钼靶机, 有极高的层次密 度分辨率, 所摄影像清晰度好, 反差大, 分辨率高, 能显示乳腺各层次组 织的结构和紊乱, 发现微小病变; 能发现 0.8cm甚至更小的肿瘤并分辨出 良、 恶性, 是诊断和发现早期乳腺癌的最有效、 最准确、 最可靠的手段, 并且有经济、 方便、 快速、 病人不受痛苦等优点。 将 PET成像技术与钼靶乳腺 X射线成像技术相结合, 能够优势互补, 准确的获得乳腺部位的功能活动信息和解剖结构信息, 并且实现乳腺癌原 发肿瘤和腋窝淋巴结的定性诊断、 复发和转移的定性诊断, 具有十分重要 的意义。
目前, 钼靶乳腺 X射线系统通常都采用平板探测结构, 其位于胸前, 对乳房进行挤压定位后进行成像, 而 PET成像技术受限于成像算法, 通常 采用环形探测结构,小环的 PET探测器系统无法与平板的钼靶乳腺 X射线 系统进行集成, 且不能同时覆盖到整个乳腺部分, 实现两者同时成像, 同 时, 小的环形 PET系统其成像视野无法完整覆盖到腋窝淋巴结, 就无法对 腋窝淋巴结进行成像。 而当采用临床全身 PET 系统时, 虽然可以将 PET 系统和钼靶乳腺 X射线系统进行集成,但是由于 PET探测环直径太大,导 致其空间分辨率和系统灵敏度恶化, 会降低 PET系统成像质量, 同时临床 PET过高的成本, 也限制了其推广应用。
因此, 针对上述技术问题, 有必要提出一种新型结构的针对乳腺和淋 巴的 PET成像和钼靶 X射线融合成像装置及方法。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的目的在于提供一种高性能、 低成本的针对乳腺和 淋巴的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置及其方法。
为实现上述目的, 本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置,其包括钼靶 X线管、高压发生器、
X射线探测器、 两组 PET探测器系统、 数据采集模块、 机架、 机械运动系 统、 控制系统、 数据传输系统和数据处理服务器, 所述钼靶 X线管与 X射 线探测器组成钼靶扫描系统, 所述每组 PET探测器系统由至少一个探测器 模块组成, 所述两组 PET探测器系统组成一个非环形探测结构。
优选的,在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中,所述每组 PET探测 器系统中由一个或多个探测器模块组成, 整个探测器系统的表面排布为规 优选的,在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中,所述每组 PET探测 器系统相互之间包含的探测器模块个数、 探测器模块的表面排布方式、 探 测器系统的尺寸和探测器系统的性能一致。
优选的,在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中,所述每组 PET探测 器系统相互之间包含的探测器模块个数、 探测器模块的表面排布方式、 探 测器系统的尺寸和探测器系统的性能均不一致或部分一致。
优选的, 在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中, 所述每组探测器系 统通过机械运动系统进行独立运动。
优选的,在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中,所述两组 PET探测 器系统的间距通过机械运动系统进行移动改变, 所述间距范围为 5cm-80cm。
优选的,在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中,所述两组 PET探测 器系统, 一组位于人体胸部的前方, 另一组位于人体背部的后方。
优选的, 在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中, 所述装置应用于乳 腺和淋巴, 所述装置还包括配合机架对乳房进行包裹和固定的乳房固定装 置, 所述乳房固定装置由密度较^^的物质组成。
优选的, 在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中, 所述机架为立式或 卧式的, 且该机架为固定式或可移动式。
优选的,在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中,所述钼靶 X线管为 钼靶乳腺用钼靶 X线管。
优选的, 在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中, 所述钼靶扫描系统 位于人体胸部前侧,所述钼靶 X线管与 X射线探测器通过机械运动系统调 节两者之间的间距。
优选的, 在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中, 所述数据传输系统 采用有线传输方式或无线传输方式。
优选的, 在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置中, 所述机械运动系统 是通过控制系统进行自动控制, 或者直接通过手动控制, 或者通过自动和 手动混合控制。
一种 PET成像和钼靶融合成像方法, 其包括步骤: 固定人体的一只或者两只乳房的位置;
调整钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器之间的间距,使两者尽量靠近一只或 者两只固定的乳房, 并且能够覆盖到整个乳房, 提供两组权利要求 1-8任 一所述的 PET探测器系统,将一组 PET探测器系统置于该一只或者两只固 定乳房的前部,将另外一组 PET探测器系统置于该一只或者两只固定乳房 对应背部的后部, 并且调整两组探测器系统, 使其能够覆盖到整个乳房; 对该一只或者两只固定的乳房同时或先后进行钼靶 X射线扫描和 PET 扫描,通过一数据采集系统对得到的钼靶 X射线扫描数据和 PET扫描数据 进行采集, 并通过一数据传输系统传输到一数据处理服务器进行处理, 得 到钼靶系统扫描图像和 PET图像;
对钼靶扫描图像和 PET图像进行分析和处理,得到钼靶和 PET的融合 图像。
优选的, 在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像方法中, 通过一乳房固定装 置对人体的一只或者两只乳房进行固定。
优选的, 在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像方法中, 通过一机械运动系 统或一控制系统或者手动控制调整钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器之间的间 距。
优选的, 在上述 PET成像和钼靶融合成像方法中, PET图像为 2D或 3D图像。
一种 PET成像方法, 其包括步骤:
固定人体的位置;
提供两组上述任一所述的 PET探测器系统,将一组 PET探测器系统移 动到人体一只乳房附近淋巴结的前部,将另外一组 PET探测器系统移动到 该乳房附近淋巴结对应的后部, 并且调整两组探测器系统, 使其能够覆盖 到该淋巴结;
对该淋巴结进行集中 PET扫描, 并通过数据采集系统对得到的 PET 扫描数据进行采集, 将数据通过一数据传输系统传输到一数据处理服务器 进行处理, 得到 PET图像。 一种 PET成像方法, 其包括步骤:
固定人体的位置;
提供两组上述任一所述的 PET探测器系统,将一组 PET探测器系统移 动到人体一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结的前部,将另外一组 PET探测 器系统移动到该一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结对应的后部, 并且调整 两组探测器系统, 使其能够覆盖到该一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结; 对该一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结进行 PET扫描, 并通过数据采 集系统对得到的 PET扫描数据进行采集,将数据通过一数据传输系统传输 到一数据处理服务器进行处理, 得到 PET图像。
从上述技术方案可以看出, 本发明实施例通过采用非环形探测结构的
PET探测器系统和钼靶乳腺 X射线系统进行集成, 避免使用环形结构的临 床 PET系统, 提高了性能, 降低了成本, 更加有利于技术的推广应用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对 实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的有关本发明的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域 普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图 获得其他的附图。
图 1为本发明 PET成像和钼靶 X射线融合成像方法的流程图; 图 2为本发明一种仅对淋巴结进行扫描的 PET成像方法的流程图; 图 3为本发明另一种同时对一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结进行扫 描的 PET成像方法的流程图;
图 4为本发明 PET成像和钼靶 X射线融合成像装置的元件架构图。 具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种高性能、低成本的针对乳腺和淋巴的 PET成像和钼 靶 X射线融合成像装置及方法。 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进 行详细地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不 是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有做 出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范 围。
如图 4所示,本发明公开的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置应用于乳腺 和淋巴, 其包括钼靶 X线管、 高压发生器、 X射线探测器、 两组 PET探测 器系统、 数据采集模块、 机架、 机械运动系统、 控制系统、 乳房固定装置、 数据传输系统和数据处理服务器,所述钼靶 X线管与 X射线探测器组成钼 靶扫描系统, 所述每一组 PET探测器系统由至少一个探测器模块组成。 所 述两组 PET探测器系统组成一个非环形探测结构。本发明通过采用非环形 的探测结构, 避免使用环形结构的临床 PET系统, 提高了性能, 降低了成 本。
所述 PET探测器系统其中一组位于人体胸部的前方, 另一组位于人体 背部的后方。 所述钼靶扫描系统位于人体胸部前侧, 所述钼靶 X线管与 X 射线探测器通过机械运动系统调节两者之间的间距。 所述乳房固定装置由 密度较低的物质组成, 低密度物质包括: 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚氯乙烯、 聚 醚醚酮等。 所述乳房固定装置能够配合机架, 对乳房进行包裹和固定, 保 证在扫描过程中, 乳房不会发生位移和形变。
所述每组 PET探测器系统中由一个或多个探测器模块组成,整个探测 曲面。
PET探测器的主要功能是将高能伽玛光子转换为可见光信号, 并通过 数据获得系统进行处理, 得到其中的能量信息、 时间信息和位置信息, 用 于后期的图像重建。 因此, 它的主要性能指标包括: 能量分辨率、 时间分 辨率、 固有空间分辨率和探测效率。 其中, 能量分辨率表征探测器对伽玛 光子能量信息探测的精度, 通常用能量谱的半高全宽除以能量峰值 ( PET 系统中就是 511keV )进行表示, 常用探测器的能量分辨率为 3%-30%; 时 间分辨率表征探测器对伽玛光子时间信息测量的精度, 通常用时间谱的半 高全宽进行表示, 常用探测器的时间分辨率为 300ps-20ns; 固有空间分辨 率表征探测器对于伽玛光子沉积位置探测的精度, 通常用点源测量后的半 高全宽进行表示, 常用探测器的固有空间分辨率为 0.5mm-4mm; 探测效率 为探测器实际接收到的有效计数占入射光子总计数的比例, 通常是用百分 数来进行表示, 目前常用探测器的探测效率为 30%-80%。
所述每组 PET探测器系统相互之间包含的探测器模块个数、探测器模 块的表面排布方式、 探测器系统的尺寸和探测器系统的性能一致。 当然, 所述每组 PET探测器系统相互之间包含的探测器模块个数、探测器模块的 表面排布方式、 探测器系统的尺寸和探测器系统的性能均不一致或部分一 致。
本发明所述 PET探测器系统的时间分辨率为 50ps-50ns。
所述每组探测器系统通过机械运动系统进行独立运动。
所述两组 PET探测器系统的间距通过机械运动系统进行移动改变,所 述间距范围为 5cm-80cm。
所述机架为立式或卧式的, 且该机架为固定式或可移动式。
所述钼靶 X线管为钼靶乳腺用钼靶 X线管。
所述数据传输系统可以采用有线传输方式, 如以太网、 USB、 串口通 信等, 也可以采用无线传输方式, 如 802.11a、 蓝牙、 Zigbee等。
所述机械运动系统可以是通过控制系统进行自动控制, 也可以手动进 行控制, 也可以自动和手动混合进行控制。
如图 1所示, 本发明公开的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像方法, 其包括步 骤:
固定人体的一只或者两只乳房的位置;
调整钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器之间的间距,使两者尽量靠近一只或 者两只固定的乳房, 并且能够覆盖到整个乳房, 提供两组权利要求 1-8任 一所述的 PET探测器系统,将一组 PET探测器系统置于该一只或者两只固 定乳房的前部,将另外一组 PET探测器系统置于该一只或者两只固定乳房 对应背部的后部, 并且调整两组探测器系统, 使其能够覆盖到整个乳房; 对该一只或者两只固定的乳房同时或先后进行钼靶 X射线扫描和 PET 扫描,通过一数据采集系统对得到的钼靶 X射线扫描数据和 PET扫描数据 进行采集, 并通过一数据传输系统传输到一数据处理服务器进行处理, 得 到钼靶系统扫描图像和 PET图像;
对钼靶扫描图像和 PET图像进行分析和处理,得到钼靶和 PET的融合 图像。
由以上技术方案可知, 本发明的方法可以对一只乳房进行扫描成像, 也可以同时对两只乳房进行扫描成像。
上述方法技术方案中,提供的两组 PET探测器系统具有上述 PET成像 和钼靶 X射线融合成像装置中叙述的所有 PET探测器系统特征。
从上述技术方案可知,钼靶 X射线扫描和 PET扫描可以同时进行,也 可分开进行, 具体的实施例表述如下。
先进行钼靶 X射线扫描, 再进行 PET扫描的具体方法步骤为: S1 : 固定人体的一只或者两只乳房的位置;
S2: 调整钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器之间的间距,使两者尽量靠近该 一只或者两只固定的乳房, 并且能够覆盖到整个乳房;
S3: 对该一只或者两只固定的乳房进行钼靶 X射线扫描, 其数据通过 一数据采集系统进行采集, 并通过一数据传输系统传输到数据处理服务器 进行处理, 得到钼靶系统扫描图像;
S4: 将钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器移开;
S5: 提供两组 PET探测器系统, 将一组 PET探测器系统移动到一只 或者两只乳房的前部,将另外一组 PET探测器系统移动到该一只或者两只 乳房对应背部的后部, 并且调整两组探测器系统,使其能够覆盖到该乳房; S6: 对该一只或者两只乳房进行 PET扫描, 并通过数据采集系统对得 到的 PET扫描数据进行采集, 并将数据通过数据传输系统传输到数据处理 服务器进行处理, 得到 PET图像;
S7: 将两组 PET探测器系统移开; S8: 对钼靶扫描图像和 PET 图像进行分析和处理, 得到钼靶和 PET 的融合图像。
先进行 PET扫描, 再进行钼靶 X射线扫描的具体方法步骤为:
S1 : 固定人体的一只或者两只乳房的位置;
S2: 提供两组 PET探测器系统, 将一组 PET探测器系统移动到一只 或者两只固定的乳房的前部,将另外一组 PET探测器系统移动到该一只或 者两只乳房对应背部的后部, 并且调整两组探测器系统, 使其能够覆盖到 整个乳房;
S3: 对该一只或者两只乳房进行 PET扫描, 并通过数据采集系统对得 到的 PET扫描数据进行采集,将数据通过一数据传输系统传输到一数据处 理服务器进行处理, 得到 PET图像;
S4: 将两组 PET探测器系统移开;
S5: 调整钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器之间的间距,使两者尽量靠近该 一只或者两只固定的乳房, 并且能够覆盖到整个乳房;
S6: 对该一只或者两只固定的乳房进行钼靶 X射线扫描, 其数据通过 数据采集系统进行采集, 并通过数据传输系统传输到数据处理服务器进行 处理, 得到钼靶系统扫描图像;
S7: 将钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器移开;
S8: 对钼靶扫描图像和 PET 图像进行分析和处理, 得到钼靶和 PET 的融合图像。
同时进行钼靶 X射线扫描和 PET扫描的具体方法步骤为:
S1 : 固定人体的一只或者两只乳房的位置;
S2: 调整钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器之间的间距,使两者尽量靠近一 只或者两只固定的乳房, 并且能够覆盖到整个乳房, 提供两组 PET探测器 系统, 将一组 PET探测器系统移动到该一只或者两只固定的乳房的前部, 将另外一组 PET探测器系统移动到该一只或者两只乳房对应背部的后部, 并且调整两组探测器系统, 使其能够覆盖到该一只或者两只乳房;
S3: 同时对该一只或者两只乳房进行钼靶 X射线扫描和 PET扫描,并 通过数据采集系统对得到的钼靶 X射线扫描数据和 PET扫描数据进行采 集, 并将得到的数据通过一数据传输系统传输到一数据处理服务器进行处 理, 得到钼靶系统扫描图像和 PET图像;
S4: 将钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器移开, 将两组 PET探测器系统移 开;
S8: 对钼靶扫描图像和 PET 图像进行分析和处理, 得到钼靶和 PET 的融合图像。
上述方法步骤中,是否移开钼靶 X线管、 X射线探测器和两组 PET探 测器系统根据实际情况而定, 在实际操作中, 当然, 也可以不移开钼靶 X 线管、 X射线探测器和两组 PET探测器系统, 上述步骤的描述并不能限缩 本发明的保护范围, 任何显而易见的变换均在本发明的保护范围之内。
上述方法步骤中, 具体是通过一乳房固定装置对人体的一只或者两只 乳房进行固定。
上述方法步骤中, 具体是通过一控制系统或者手动控制调整钼靶 X线 管和 X射线探测器之间的间距。 也可以通过上述的机械运动系统调节两者 之间的间距。
上述方法步骤中, 得到的 PET图像为 2D或 3D图像。
本发明所提及的两组 PET探测器系统还可以对乳房附近的淋巴结进行 扫描成像, 具体成像方法有三种, 一种情况是单独移动到一侧的淋巴进行 集中成像, 一种情况是同时覆盖一只乳房和一侧的淋巴进行成像, 一种情 况是同时覆盖两只乳房和两侧的淋巴进行成像。 具体方法描述详参下述。
如图 2所示, 本发明还公开了一种 PET成像方法, 该方法可以对人体 某个乳房附近的淋巴结进行集中扫描, 最终获得图像。 具体步骤为:
S1 : 固定人体的位置;
S2: 提供两组 PET探测器系统, 将一组 PET探测器系统移动到人体 一只乳房附近淋巴结的前部,将另外一组 PET探测器系统移动到该乳房附 近淋巴结对应的后部, 并且调整两组探测器系统, 使其能够覆盖到该淋巴 结; S3: 对该淋巴结进行集中 PET扫描, 并通过数据采集系统对得到的 PET扫描数据进行采集, 将数据通过一数据传输系统传输到一数据处理服 务器进行处理, 得到 PET图像。
如图 3所示, 本发明还公开了一种 PET成像方法, 该方法可以对人体 某个乳房及其附近的淋巴结进行扫描, 最终获得图像; 也可以同时对两个 乳房及每个乳房附近的淋巴结进行扫描, 最终获得图像。具体方法步骤为: 固定人体的位置;
提供两组上述任一所述的 PET探测器系统,将一组 PET探测器系统移 动到人体一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结的前部,将另外一组 PET探测 器系统移动到该一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结对应的后部, 并且调整 两组探测器系统, 使其能够覆盖到该一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结; 对该一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结进行 PET扫描, 并通过数据采 集系统对得到的 PET扫描数据进行采集,将数据通过一数据传输系统传输 到一数据处理服务器进行处理, 得到 PET图像。
上述方法技术方案中,提供的两组 PET探测器系统具有上述 PET成像 和钼靶 X射线融合成像装置中叙述的所有 PET探测器系统特征。
从上述技术方案可以看出,本发明实施例的 PET成像和钼靶 X射线融 合成像装置及方法通过采用非环形探测结构的 PET探测器系统和钼靶乳腺 X射线系统进行集成, 避免使用环形结构的临床 PET系统, 提高了性能, 降低了成本, 更加有利于技术的推广应用。
对于本领域技术人员而言, 显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细 节, 而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下, 能够以其他的具体 形式实现本发明。 因此, 无论从哪一点来看, 均应将实施例看作是示范性 的, 而且是非限制性的, 本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限 定, 因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化嚢括 在本发明内。 不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要 求。
此外, 应当理解, 虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述, 但并非每个 实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案, 说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清 楚起见, 本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体, 各实施例中的技术 方案也可以经适当组合, 形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其特征在于: 包括钼靶 X线 管、 高压发生器、 X射线探测器、 两组 PET探测器系统、 数据采集模块、 机架、 机械运动系统、 控制系统、 数据传输系统和数据处理服务器, 所述 钼靶 X线管与 X射线探测器组成钼靶扫描系统, 所述每组 PET探测器系 统由至少一个探测器模块组成,所述两组 PET探测器系统组成一个非环形 探测结构。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其特征在 于: 所述每组 PET探测器系统中由一个或多个探测器模块组成, 整个探测 曲面。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其特征在 于: 所述每组 PET探测器系统相互之间包含的探测器模块个数、 探测器模 块的表面排布方式、 探测器系统的尺寸和探测器系统的性能一致。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其特征在 于: 所述每组 PET探测器系统相互之间包含的探测器模块个数、 探测器模 块的表面排布方式、 探测器系统的尺寸和探测器系统的性能均不一致或部 分一致。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其特征在 于: 所述每组探测器系统通过机械运动系统进行独立运动。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其特征在 于: 所述两组 PET探测器系统的间距通过机械运动系统进行移动改变, 所 述间距范围为 5cm-80cm。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其特征在 于: 所述两组 PET探测器系统, 一组位于人体胸部的前方, 另一组位于人 体背部的后方。
8、 根据权利要求 1-7任一所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其 特征在于: 所述装置应用于乳腺和淋巴, 所述装置还包括配合机架对乳房 进行包裹和固定的乳房固定装置, 所述乳房固定装置由密度较低的物质组 成。
9、 根据权利要求 1-7任一所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其 特征在于: 所述机架为立式或卧式的, 且该机架为固定式或可移动式。
10、 根据权利要求 1-7任一所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其 特征在于: 所述钼靶 X线管为钼靶乳腺用钼靶 X线管。
11、 根据权利要求 1-7任一所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其 特征在于: 所述钼靶扫描系统位于人体胸部前侧, 所述钼靶 X线管与 X射 线探测器通过机械运动系统调节两者之间的间距。
12、 根据权利要求 1-7任一所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其 特征在于: 所述数据传输系统采用有线传输方式或无线传输方式。
13、 根据权利要求 1-7任一所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像装置, 其 特征在于: 所述机械运动系统是通过控制系统进行自动控制, 或者直接通 过手动控制, 或者通过自动和手动混合控制。
14、 一种 PET成像和钼靶融合成像方法, 其特征在于: 包括步骤: 固定人体的一只或者两只乳房的位置;
调整钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器之间的间距,使两者尽量靠近一只或 者两只固定的乳房, 并且能够覆盖到整个乳房, 提供两组权利要求 1-7任 一所述的 PET探测器系统,将一组 PET探测器系统置于该一只或者两只固 定乳房的前部,将另外一组 PET探测器系统置于该一只或者两只固定乳房 对应背部的后部, 并且调整两组探测器系统, 使其能够覆盖到整个乳房; 对该一只或者两只固定的乳房同时或先后进行钼靶 X射线扫描和 PET 扫描,通过一数据采集系统对得到的钼靶 X射线扫描数据和 PET扫描数据 进行采集, 并通过一数据传输系统传输到一数据处理服务器进行处理, 得 到钼靶系统扫描图像和 PET图像;
对钼靶扫描图像和 PET图像进行分析和处理,得到钼靶和 PET的融合 图像。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像方法, 其特征 在于: 通过一乳房固定装置对人体的一只或者两只乳房进行固定。
16、 根据权利要求 14所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像方法, 其特征 在于: 通过一机械运动系统或一控制系统或者手动控制调整钼靶 X线管和 X射线探测器之间的间距。
17、 根据权利要求 14所述的 PET成像和钼靶融合成像方法, 其特征 在于: PET图像为 2D或 3D图像。
18、 一种 PET成像方法, 其特征在于: 包括步骤:
固定人体的位置;
提供两组权利要求 1-7任一所述的 PET探测器系统,将一组 PET探测 器系统移动到人体一只乳房附近淋巴结的前部,将另外一组 PET探测器系 统移动到该乳房附近淋巴结对应的后部, 并且调整两组探测器系统, 使其 能够覆盖到该淋巴结;
对该淋巴结进行集中 PET扫描, 并通过数据采集系统对得到的 PET 扫描数据进行采集, 将数据通过一数据传输系统传输到一数据处理服务器 进行处理, 得到 PET图像。
19、 一种 PET成像方法, 其特征在于: 包括步骤:
固定人体的位置;
提供两组权利要求 1-7任一所述的 PET探测器系统,将一组 PET探测 器系统移动到人体一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结的前部, 将另外一组 PET探测器系统移动到该一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结对应的后部, 并且调整两组探测器系统, 使其能够覆盖到该一只或者两只乳房及其附近 淋巴结;
对该一只或者两只乳房及其附近淋巴结进行 PET扫描, 并通过数据采 集系统对得到的 PET扫描数据进行采集,将数据通过一数据传输系统传输 到一数据处理服务器进行处理, 得到 PET图像。
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