WO2015018268A1 - 涡旋压缩机 - Google Patents

涡旋压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015018268A1
WO2015018268A1 PCT/CN2014/082316 CN2014082316W WO2015018268A1 WO 2015018268 A1 WO2015018268 A1 WO 2015018268A1 CN 2014082316 W CN2014082316 W CN 2014082316W WO 2015018268 A1 WO2015018268 A1 WO 2015018268A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
scroll compressor
scroll member
scroll
compressor according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/082316
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙庆丰
Original Assignee
艾默生环境优化技术(苏州)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201320481483.2U external-priority patent/CN203404079U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310342191.5A external-priority patent/CN104343682B/zh
Application filed by 艾默生环境优化技术(苏州)有限公司 filed Critical 艾默生环境优化技术(苏州)有限公司
Priority to EP14833953.4A priority Critical patent/EP3032103B1/en
Priority to US14/910,503 priority patent/US10400772B2/en
Publication of WO2015018268A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015018268A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/12Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
    • F04C29/124Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet with inlet and outlet valves specially adapted for rotary or oscillating piston pumps
    • F04C29/126Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet with inlet and outlet valves specially adapted for rotary or oscillating piston pumps of the non-return type
    • F04C29/128Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet with inlet and outlet valves specially adapted for rotary or oscillating piston pumps of the non-return type of the elastic type, e.g. reed valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0246Details concerning the involute wraps or their base, e.g. geometry
    • F04C18/0253Details concerning the base
    • F04C18/0261Details of the ports, e.g. location, number, geometry
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C27/00Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C27/005Axial sealings for working fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/24Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a scroll compressor. Background technique
  • a floating design of an orbiting scroll member in which a fixed scroll member is fixed relative to the housing of the compressor between the orbiting scroll member and the main bearing housing.
  • the back pressure chamber is in fluid communication with one of a plurality of compression chambers formed between the fixed scroll member and the orbiting scroll member via a communication passage provided in the orbiting scroll member to provide the movable scroll member The back pressure that causes it to engage the fixed scroll component.
  • the orbiting scroll member When the resultant force formed in each compression chamber is greater than the back pressure, the orbiting scroll member is tipped such that the orbiting scroll member and the fixed scroll member are axially separated from each other (this is also referred to as axial flexibility), thereby protecting
  • the compressor is in particular a scroll component.
  • the seal of the back pressure chamber is typically achieved by a dynamic contact seal between the orbiting scroll member and the fixed scroll member.
  • the pressure in the back pressure chamber leaks into the partial compression chamber (for example, the compression chamber at the suction pressure outside the warp direction) via the dynamic contact seal region, thereby causing a decrease in back pressure, which is further deteriorated.
  • the dynamic contact seal between the orbiting scroll member and the fixed scroll member may even cause failure of the scroll compression function. Therefore, there is a need for a scroll compressor with further improved performance. Summary of the invention
  • a scroll compressor comprising: a housing; a fixed scroll member and an orbiting scroll member disposed in the housing, wherein the fixed scroll member Provided to be fixed relative to the housing, the orbiting scroll member is configured to be axially floatable relative to the fixed scroll member; a main bearing disposed within the housing to support the orbiting scroll member a back pressure chamber formed between the movable scroll member and the main bearing housing, the back pressure chamber being formed in the fixed scroll member and via a communication passage formed in the movable scroll member a compression chamber in fluid communication between the orbiting scroll members; and a valve member disposed in the communication passage, the valve member being configured to be responsive to a pressure difference between the compression chamber and the back pressure chamber A first opening degree and a second opening degree are provided, and the second opening degree is smaller than the first opening degree.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a scroll compressor.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3A is a schematic view showing a change in pressure in a back pressure chamber.
  • Figure 3B is a schematic illustration of a variation of the compression chamber corresponding to the change in back pressure in Figure 3A.
  • the graph of Fig. 4 shows the effect of the connected area of the communication passage on the energy loss.
  • Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the orbiting scroll member including the valve member according to the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is an assembled perspective view of an orbiting scroll member including a valve member according to the first embodiment.
  • Figure 7 is a partially assembled perspective view of a valve member according to a first variant of the first embodiment Figure.
  • Fig. 8 is a partially assembled perspective view of a valve member according to a second modification of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is a partially assembled perspective view of a valve member according to a second embodiment.
  • a scroll compressor 100 may generally include a housing 10, a compression mechanism including a fixed scroll member 80 and an orbiting scroll member 70 disposed in the housing.
  • a main bearing housing 40 that supports the compression mechanism, a drive mechanism that is composed of the motor 20 and the rotating shaft 30, and the like.
  • the housing 10 generally includes a generally cylindrical body 12, a top cover 14 disposed at one end of the body 12, and a bottom cover 16 disposed at the other end of the body 12.
  • the housing 10 constitutes a substantially sealed space.
  • An intake passage 18 for sucking a working fluid (e.g., a refrigerant) and an exhaust passage (not shown) for discharging the compressed working fluid are disposed on the housing 10, respectively.
  • the motor 20 is composed of a stator 22 fixed to the housing 10 and a rotor 24 rotatable relative to the stator 22.
  • a rotary shaft 30 including an eccentric crank pin 32 is disposed in the rotor 24 to drive the orbiting scroll member 70 to rotate normally with respect to the fixed scroll member 80 (i.e., the central axis of the orbiting scroll member 70 wraps around the center of the scroll member 80).
  • the axis rotates, but the orbiting scroll member 70 itself does not rotate about its central axis to achieve compression of the fluid.
  • the above translational rotation is achieved by the cross slip ring 26 provided between the fixed scroll member 70 and the movable scroll member 80.
  • One end of the rotating shaft 30 is supported by the main bearing housing 40 and the other end is supported by the lower bearing housing 50. Support.
  • the main bearing housing 40 is generally fixed relative to the housing 10. Referring also to Fig.
  • the orbiting scroll member 70 includes an end plate 72, a spiral vane 74 formed on one side of the end plate, and a hub portion 76 formed on the other side of the end plate.
  • the fixed scroll member 80 includes an end plate 82, a spiral blade 84 formed on one side of the end plate, and an exhaust port 83 formed at a substantially central position of the end plate.
  • a series of compression chambers C1, C2, and C3 whose volume gradually decreases from the radially outer side to the radially inner side is formed between the spiral blade 84 of the fixed scroll member 80 and the spiral blade 74 of the movable scroll member 70.
  • the radially outermost compression chamber C1 is at the suction pressure
  • the radially innermost compression chamber C3 is at the discharge pressure.
  • the intermediate compression chamber C2 is between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure, and is also referred to as a medium pressure chamber.
  • the intake passage 18 is directly and sealingly connected to the most of the plurality of compression chambers C1, C2, C3 formed between the fixed scroll member 80 and the orbiting scroll member 70.
  • the outer compression chamber (for example, the compression chamber Cl).
  • the compressed working fluid discharged from the exhaust port 83 of the compression mechanism is filled in the casing 10 and discharged through the exhaust passage.
  • the fixed scroll member 80 may be disposed to be fixed relative to the housing 10
  • the orbiting scroll member 70 may be disposed to be axially floatable relative to the fixed scroll member 80. .
  • the fixed scroll member 80 may be fixed to the main bearing housing 40 via a plurality of bolts 19. Additionally, preferably, the fixed scroll member 80 is fixedly coupled to the main bearing housing 40 such that the joint interface F therebetween is substantially sealed.
  • the orbiting scroll member 70 is supported by the main bearing housing 40. More specifically, one side (lower side) of the end plate 72 of the orbiting scroll member 70 is supported by a portion 44 of the main bearing housing 40 such that the orbiting scroll member 70 can be in the axial direction at the diameter of the fixed scroll member 80.
  • the outer peripheral portion 86 and the portion 44 move within a predetermined range (also known as a so-called moving scroll floating design).
  • the vanes 84 of the fixed scroll member 80 need to engage the end plates 72 of the orbiting scroll member 70, while the vanes 74 of the orbiting scroll member 70 need to engage the end plates 82 of the fixed scroll member 80.
  • the engagement between the fixed scroll member 80 and the movable scroll member 70 is achieved by the back pressure chamber B formed between the movable scroll member 70 and the main bearing housing 40. More specifically, the back pressure chamber B is connected to a plurality of compression chambers C formed between the fixed scroll member 80 and the movable scroll member 70 via a communication passage 73 formed in the movable scroll member 70 (for example, the end plate 72), A compression chamber (e.g., compression chamber C2) in C2 and C3 is in fluid communication.
  • a dynamic contact seal S1 is formed between the end plate 72 of the movable scroll member 70 and the radially outer peripheral portion 86 of the fixed scroll member 80.
  • a sealing interface S2 is formed between the boss portion 76 of the movable scroll member 70 and the main bearing housing 40.
  • the end of the hub 76 can include a radially outwardly extending flange 77.
  • the orbiting scroll member 70 Engaged with a fixed scroll component for fluid compression.
  • the orbiting scroll member 70 may be tipped such that the orbiting scroll member 70 and the fixed scroll member 80 are at Separate from one another in the axial direction thereby protecting the compressor, in particular the scroll member (this is also referred to as axial flexibility).
  • the seal of the back pressure chamber B generally passes through the dynamic contact seal S1 between the movable scroll member 70 and the fixed scroll member 80, and the movable scroll member 70 and the main bearing housing 40.
  • the sealing interface S2 is implemented.
  • the inventors have found that the overall performance of the compressor is degraded when a communication passage 73 having a larger communication area is used than when a communication passage having a small communication area is used. More specifically, referring to Fig. 4, the horizontal axis represents time, the vertical axis represents pressure in the compression chamber, the solid line represents the pressure hump formed when the communication passage 73 is large, and the broken line represents the pressure hump formed when the communication passage 73 is small. As is apparent from Fig.
  • a valve member 90 is provided in the communication passage 73, and the valve member 90 is configured to be responsive to the space between the compression chamber C2 and the back pressure chamber B.
  • the first opening degree and the second opening degree are provided by the pressure difference, wherein the second opening degree is smaller than the first opening degree. More specifically, when the pressure difference between the compression chamber C2 and the back pressure chamber B is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the valve member 90 provides a first opening degree, otherwise the valve member 90 provides a second opening degree.
  • the second opening degree may be set to be 1/10 to 1/2 of the first opening degree.
  • the valve member may be any valve member capable of achieving the above functions, such as an electromagnetic valve member, a mechanical valve member, etc., it is preferable to use a mechanical elastic valve member from the viewpoint of cost reduction and installation convenience.
  • Figures 5-8 illustrate a valve component 90 in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention and variations thereof.
  • the valve member 90 may include a valve seat 92 and an elastic valve piece 94 for opening or closing the valve seat 92.
  • a leakage passage leakage passage L for providing a second opening degree may be formed on at least one of the valve seat 92 and the valve piece 94 may be one of the following forms: a hole 95 or a notch formed in the valve piece 94 (see Fig. 5), a groove 98 (see Fig. 8) formed on the valve seat 92, and a ridge 97 (see Fig. 7) formed on the valve piece 94 and the like.
  • the valve seat 92 can be constructed from a portion of the orbiting scroll member 70. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the valve seat 92 can also be a separate component and can be mounted in the communication passage 73.
  • the valve plate 94 can be in the form of a cantilever beam, and one end of the valve plate 94 can be secured to the orbiting scroll member 70 via a fastener 96.
  • the passage area of the leak passage L may be 1/10 to 1/2 of the passage area of the communication passage 73.
  • the valve member 90 When the pressure in the back pressure chamber B is substantially stabilized, the pressure difference between the compression chamber C2 and the back pressure chamber B is less than a predetermined value, whereby the valve piece 94 closes the valve seat 92. However, due to leakage With the presence of the track L, the valve member 90 still provides a relatively small second opening, thereby maintaining the performance of the compressor at a higher value.
  • the first opening degree (the communication area of the communication passage 73) can be appropriately set according to the requirement of quickly establishing and stabilizing the back pressure in the back pressure chamber, and the second opening degree (the communication area of the leakage passage L) can be based on Reasonable setting for compressor performance optimization.
  • FIG. 9 shows a valve member 90A in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the valve member 90A may include a valve seat 92A, a valve piece 94A for opening or closing the valve seat, and a spring 97A that provides a spring force to the valve piece.
  • the valve member 90A may also include a fixing member (e.g., a retaining ring) 99A for holding the valve piece 94A and the spring 97A.
  • the fixing member 99A can be fitted in the communication passage 73, and the spring 97A can be disposed between the fixing member 99A and the valve piece 94A as described above.
  • a leakage passage for providing a second opening can be formed on at least one of the valve seat 92A and the valve plate 94A, similar to the first embodiment, and the leakage passage L can be one of the following forms:
  • a hole 95A or a notch (Fig. 9) on the sheet 94A is formed in a groove similar to that shown in Fig.
  • valve seat 92A may be constituted by a part of the orbiting scroll member 70 or may be composed of a separate member.
  • the passage area of the leak passage L may also be set to be 1/10 to 1/2 of the passage area of the communication passage 73.
  • the valve member 90A of the second embodiment can operate in a manner similar to the valve member 90 of the first embodiment, and a similar effect can be achieved.
  • the suction port of the compression mechanism constituted by the movable scroll member and the fixed scroll member is opened to the casing filled with the suction pressure, and the high-pressure fluid discharged from the compression mechanism is discharged to a suction pressure point.
  • the configuration of the back pressure chamber can be similar to that shown in Figure 1, i.e., the back pressure chamber is still formed between the orbiting scroll member and the main bearing housing.
  • a valve member 90 or 90A as described above with reference to Figures 5-9 may be provided in the communication passage in fluid communication with the back pressure chamber.
  • a scroll compressor may include: a housing; a fixed scroll member and an orbiting scroll member disposed within the housing, wherein the fixed scroll member is disposed relative to the housing Body-fixing, the orbiting scroll member is disposed to be axially floatable relative to the fixed scroll member; a main bearing seat disposed in the housing to support the orbiting scroll member, a back pressure chamber is formed between the rotary member and the main bearing housing, and the back pressure chamber is formed between the fixed scroll member and the movable scroll member via a communication passage formed in the movable scroll member a compression chamber in fluid communication; and a valve member disposed in the communication passage, the valve member being configured to provide a first opening degree and a first response in response to a pressure difference between the compression chamber and the back pressure chamber The second opening degree is smaller than the first opening degree.
  • the valve member provides the first opening degree when a pressure difference between the compression chamber
  • the second opening is 1/10 to 1/2 of the first opening.
  • the valve component is an elastomeric valve component.
  • the elastic valve member includes a valve seat and an elastic valve piece for opening or closing the valve seat, and at least one of the valve seat and the valve plate is formed with a supply for providing The leakage channel of the second opening is described.
  • the leakage passage may be one of the following forms: a hole or a notch formed in the valve piece, a groove formed on the valve seat, and a ridge formed on the valve piece.
  • the valve seat is moved A part of the scroll member is formed.
  • the valve plate is in the form of a cantilever beam, and one end of the valve plate is fixed to the vortex member.
  • the passage area of the leakage passage is 1/10 to 1/2 of the passage area of the communication passage.
  • the resilient valve member includes a valve seat, a valve plate for opening or closing the valve seat, and a spring that provides a spring force to the valve plate, the valve seat and the valve plate
  • a leak passage for providing the second opening degree is formed on at least one of the ones.
  • the leak passage is one of the following forms: a hole or a notch formed in the valve piece, a groove formed on the valve seat, and a ridge formed on the valve piece.
  • the valve seat is formed by a part of the orbiting scroll member.
  • the scroll compressor further includes a fixing member for holding the valve piece and the spring.
  • the passage area of the leak passage is 1/10 to 1/2 of the passage area of the communication passage.
  • a dynamic contact seal is formed between an end plate of the orbiting scroll member and a radially outer peripheral portion of the fixed scroll member.
  • a sealing interface is formed between the hub of the orbiting scroll member and the main bearing housing.
  • the scroll compressor is designed for a high pressure side.
  • the intake passage of the compressor is directly and sealingly coupled to the outermost compression chamber of the fixed scroll member and the orbiting scroll member.
  • the scroll compressor is designed for a low pressure side.
  • the suction port of the compression mechanism formed by the orbiting scroll member and the fixed scroll member opens into the housing.
  • the fixed scroll member is fixedly coupled to the main bearing housing such that the joint interface therebetween is substantially sealed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本公开涉及一种涡旋压缩机(100),包括:壳体(10);设置在壳体内的定涡旋部件(80)和动涡旋部件(70),其中定涡旋部件设置成相对于壳体固定,动涡旋部件设置成能够相对于定涡旋部件在轴向上浮动;设置在壳体内以支撑动涡旋部件的主轴承座(40),在动涡旋部件和主轴承座之间形成背压腔(B),背压腔经由形成在动涡旋部件中的连通通道(73)与形成在定涡旋部件和动涡旋部件之间的压缩腔(C2)流体连通;以及设置在连通通道(73)中的阀部件(90,90A),阀部件构造成响应于所述压缩腔与背压腔之间的压差而提供第一开度和第二开度,第二开度小于第一开度。

Description

涡旋压缩机 本申请要求于 2013年 8月 7 日提交中国专利局、 申请号分别为 201310342191.5和 201320481483.2的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部 内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及一种涡旋压缩机。 背景技术
本部分的内容仅提供了与本公开相关的背景信息, 其可能并不构 成现有技术。 在涡旋压缩机的领域中, 已知一种动涡旋部件浮动式设计, 在该 设计中, 定涡旋部件相对于压缩机的壳体固定, 在动涡旋部件和主轴 承座之间设置有背压腔, 背压腔经由设置在动涡旋部件中的连通通道 与定涡旋部件和动涡旋部件之间形成的多个压缩腔中的一个流体连 通从而为动涡旋部件提供使其与定涡旋部件接合的背压力。 当各个压 缩腔中形成的合力大于背压力时, 动涡旋部件会产生倾覆使得动涡旋 部件和定涡旋部件在轴向上彼此分开 (这也称之为轴向柔性), 由此 保护压缩机特别是涡旋部件。 然而, 在这种设计中, 背压腔的密封一般通过动涡旋部件和定涡 旋部件之间的动态接触密封来实现。 当动涡旋部件倾覆时, 背压腔中 的压力会经由动态接触密封区域泄漏到部分压缩腔(例如位于经向外 侧的处于吸气压力的压缩腔) 中从而导致背压降低, 这进一步恶化了 动涡旋部件和定涡旋部件之间的动态接触密封, 甚至可能导致涡旋压 缩功能的失效。 因此, 需要一种性能进一步改善的涡旋压缩机。 发明内容
本发明的一个或多个实施方式的一个目的是提供一种性能进一步 改善的涡旋压缩机。 为了实现上述目的, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种涡旋压 缩机, 包括: 壳体; 设置在所述壳体内的定涡旋部件和动涡旋部件, 其中所述定涡旋部件设置成相对于所述壳体固定, 所述动涡旋部件设 置成能够相对于所述定涡旋部件在轴向上浮动; 设置在所述壳体内以 支撑所述动涡旋部件的主轴承座, 在所述动涡旋部件和所述主轴承座 之间形成背压腔, 所述背压腔经由形成在所述动涡旋部件中的连通通 道与形成在所述定涡旋部件和所述动涡旋部件之间的压缩腔流体连 通; 以及设置在所述连通通道中的阀部件, 所述阀部件构造成响应于 所述压缩腔与所述背压腔之间的压差而提供第一开度和第二开度, 所 述第二开度小于所述第一开度。 通过本文提供的说明, 其他的应用领域将变得显而易见。 应该理 解, 本部分中描迷的特定示例和实施方式仅处于说明目的而不是试图 限制本公开的范围。 附图说明
本部分描述的附图仅出于说明目的而不是视图以任何方式限制本 公开的范围。 图 1是一种涡旋压缩机的纵剖视图。 图 2是图 1的局部放大图。 图 3A是示出背压腔中的压力变化的示意图。 图 3B是对应于图 3A中的背压力变化的压缩腔的变化的示意图。 图 4的曲线示出了连通通道的连通面积对能量损失的影响。 图 5是包括根据第一实施方式的阀部件的动涡旋部件的分解立体 图。 图 6是包括根据第一实施方式的阀部件的动涡旋部件的组装立体 图。 图 7 是根据第一实施方式的第一变型的阀部件的局部组装立体 图。 图 8 是根据第一实施方式的第二变型的阀部件的局部组装立体 图。 图 9是根据第二实施方式的阀部件的局部组装立体图。 具体实施方式
下文的描述性质上仅是示例性的而不是试图限制本公开、 应用及用 途。 应当理解, 在这些附图中, 相应的参考数字指示相似的或相应的部 件及特征。 下面将首先参照图 1、 2、 3A和 3B描述申请人已知的一种涡旋压 缩机 100的基本构造和原理。 如图 1所述, 涡旋压缩机(下文中也称之为压缩机) 100—般可 以包括壳体 10、设置在壳体内的由定涡旋部件 80和动涡旋部件 70构 成的压缩机构、 支撑压缩机构的主轴承座 40、 由马达 20和旋转轴 30 构成的驱动机构等。 更具体地, 壳体 10—般包括大致圆筒形的本体 12、 设置在本体 12一端的顶盖 14以及设置在本体 12另一端的底盖 16。 壳体 10构成 大致密封的空间。 在壳体 10上分别设置有用于吸入工作流体(例如 制冷剂)的进气通道 18和用于排出压缩后的工作流体的排气通道(图 中未示出)。 马达 20由相对于壳体 10固定的定子 22和能够相对于定子 22转 动的转子 24构成。 转子 24中设置有包括偏心曲柄销 32的旋转轴 30 以驱动动涡旋部件 70相对于定涡旋部件 80平动转动(即, 动涡旋部 件 70的中心轴线绕定涡旋部件 80的中心轴线旋转, 但是动涡旋部件 70本身不会绕自身的中心轴线旋转)从而实现流体的压缩。 上述平动 转动通过定涡旋部件 70和动涡旋部件 80之间设置的十字滑环 26来 实现。 旋转轴 30的一端由主轴承座 40支撑而另一端由下轴承座 50支 撑。 主轴承座 40通常相对于壳体 10固定。 同时参见图 2,动涡旋部件 70包括端板 72、形成在端板一侧的螺 旋状的叶片 74和形成在端板另一侧的毂部 76。定涡旋部件 80包括端 板 82、 形成在端板一侧的螺旋状的叶片 84和形成在端板的大致中央 位置处的排气口 83。 在定涡旋部件 80的螺旋叶片 84和动涡旋部件 70的螺旋叶片 74之间形成一系列体积从径向外侧向径向内侧逐渐减 小的压缩腔 Cl、 C2和 C3。 径向最外侧的压缩腔 C1处于吸气压力, 径向最内侧的压缩腔 C3处于排气压力。 中间的压缩腔 C2处于吸气 压力和排气压力之间, 从而也被称之为中压腔。 在图 1示出的所谓高压侧设计中,进气通道 18直接地且密封地连 接到定涡旋部件 80和动涡旋部件 70之间形成的多个压缩腔 Cl、 C2、 C3中的最外侧的压缩腔(例如压缩腔 Cl )。 从压缩机构的排气口 83 排出的压缩后的工作流体充满在壳体 10 内并且经由排气通道排出压 缩机。 另夕卜,在图 1所示的设计中, 定涡旋部件 80可以设置成相对于壳 体 10 固定, 而动涡旋部件 70可以设置成能够相对于定涡旋部件 80 在轴向上浮动。 更具体地, 例如, 定涡旋部件 80 可以经由多个螺栓 19固定在主轴承座 40上。 另外, 优选地, 定涡旋部件 80与主轴承座 40固定地连接使得二者之间的接合界面 F基本上是密封的。动涡旋部 件 70由主轴承座 40支撑。 更具体地, 动涡旋部件 70的端板 72的一 侧 (下侧) 由主轴承座 40的一部分 44支撑成使得动涡旋部件 70能 够在轴向方向上在定涡旋部件 80的径向外周部分 86与该部分 44之 间在预定的范围内运动 (亦即所谓的动涡旋浮动设计)。 为了使得压缩机构正常工作, 定涡旋部件 80的叶片 84需要与动 涡旋部件 70的端板 72接合, 而动涡旋部件 70的叶片 74需要与定涡 旋部件 80的端板 82接合。 定涡旋部件 80和动涡旋部件 70之间的接 合通过形成在动涡旋部件 70和主轴承座 40之间的背压腔 B来实现。 更具体地, 背压腔 B经由形成在动涡旋部件 70 (例如端板 72 ) 中的 连通通道 73与形成在定涡旋部件 80和动涡旋部件 70之间的多个压 缩腔 Cl、 C2和 C3中的一个压缩腔(例如压缩腔 C2 ) 流体连通。 另外,在动涡旋部件 70的端板 72和定涡旋部件 80的径向外周部 分 86之间形成动态接触密封 Sl。 并且在动涡旋部件 70的毂部 76与 主轴承座 40之间形成有密封界面 S2。 为了便于密封界面 S2的实现, 毂部 76的端部可以包括径向向外延伸的凸缘 77。 由此, 形成了大致密封的背压腔 B。 当压缩机 100正常运转时, 压缩腔 C2中的流体经由连通通道 73进入背压腔 B中。由于背压腔 B 中的压力为动涡旋部件 70提供了轴向向上的合力, 所以当背压腔 B 提供的合力大于各个压缩腔 Cl、 C2、 C3 中的合力时, 动涡旋部件 70与定涡旋部件接合以进行流体压缩。 而在某些情况下, 当各个压缩 腔 Cl、 C2、 C3 中的合力大于背压腔 B提供的合力时, 动涡旋部件 70会产生倾覆使得动涡旋部件 70和定涡旋部件 80在轴向上彼此分开 由此保护压缩机特别是涡旋部件 (这也称之为轴向柔性)。 然而, 如上所述, 在这种设计中, 背压腔 B的密封一般通过动涡 旋部件 70和定涡旋部件 80之间的动态接触密封 S1以及动涡旋部件 70与主轴承座 40之间的密封界面 S2来实现。 当动涡旋部件 70倾覆 时, 背压腔 B中的压力会经由动态接触密封 S1的区域泄漏到部分压 缩腔 (例如位于经向外側的处于吸气压力的压缩腔 C1 ) 中从而导致 背压降低, 这进一步恶化了动涡旋部件 70和定涡旋部件 80之间的动 态接触密封, 甚至可能导致涡旋压缩功能的失效。 为此,已经提出了通过加大连通通道 73的连通面积来改善这一状 况。 例如, 参见图 3A和 3B, 当定涡旋部件 80和动涡旋部件 70处于 ( a )所示的相对位置时, 连通通道 73所处位置的压力对应于图 3A中 的压力 I, 随着动涡旋部件 70的平动转动, 该位置的压力逐渐升高并且 在(b )所示的相对位置达到最大压力 II。 在保持一段时间的最大压力 II后, 在(c )所示的相对位置出现大的压力降 III。 随着压缩机的运转, 背压腔提供的背压力循环地波动。 通过将连通通道 73的连通面积加大, 使得背压腔 B中的流体流入的速度大于流体经由动态接触密封 S1泄漏 的速度, 可以在背压腔 B中更快地建立稳定的压力。 然而, 发明人发现与当釆用连通面积较小的连通通道时相比, 当 采用连通面积更大的连通通道 73 时压缩机的整体性能会有所下降。 更具体地, 参见图 4, 其中横轴表示时间, 纵轴表示压缩腔中的压力, 实线表示连通通道 73较大时形成的压力驼峰, 而虚线表示连通通道 73较小时形成的压力驼峰。 从图 4 中可以明显看出, 由于连通通道 73的连通面积的不同而造成了由符号 A所指出的能量损失区域。 基于上述讨论, 本发明的发明人提出了如下解决方案 (参见图 5-9 ): 在连通通道 73中设置阀部件 90, 该阀部件 90构造成响应于压 缩腔 C2与背压腔 B之间的压差而提供第一开度和第二开度, 其中第 二开度小于第一开度。 更具体地, 当压缩腔 C2与背压腔 B之间的压 差大于等于预定值时, 阀部件 90提供第一开度, 否则阀部件 90提供 第二开度。 优选地, 第二开度可以设定为是第一开度的 1/10至 1/2。 尽管在本发明的构思中, 阀部件可以是能够实现上述功能的任何 阀部件, 例如电磁式阀部件、 机械式阀部件等, 但是从降低成本和安 装便利的角度, 优选采用机械式弹性阀部件。 图 5-8示出了根据本发明第一实施方式及其变型的阀部件 90。 具 体地, 阀部件 90可以包括阀座 92和用于打开或关闭阀座 92的弹性 阀片 94。在阀座 92和阀片 94中的至少一个上可以形成用于提供第二 开度的泄漏通道 泄漏通道 L可以为以下形式中的一种: 形成在阀 片 94上的孔 95或缺口 (参见图 5 ), 形成在阀座 92上的凹槽 98 (参 见图 8 ), 以及形成在阀片 94上的隆起部 97 (参见图 7 ) 等。 在图中所示的示例中, 阀座 92可以由动涡旋部件 70的一部分构 成。 本领域技术人员应该理解, 阀座 92也可以为独立的构件并且可 以安装在连通通道 73 中。 阀片 94可以呈悬臂梁形式, 并且阀片 94 的一端可以经由紧固件 96固定在动涡旋部件 70上。泄漏通道 L的通 路面积可以为连通通道 73的通路面积的 1/10至 1/2。 在上述第一实施方式及其变型中, 当压缩腔 C2与背压腔 B之间 的压差大于等于预定值时 (即需要在背压腔中迅速建立并稳定背压 时), 阀片 94在压差的作用下离开阀座 92从而提供了相对较大的第 一开度。 而当背压腔 B中的压力基本稳定时, 压缩腔 C2与背压腔 B 之间的压差小于预定值由此阀片 94关闭阀座 92。 然而, 由于泄漏通 道 L的存在, 阀部件 90仍然提供了相对较小的第二开度, 由此使得 压缩机的性能维持在较高值。 特别是, 第一开度(连通通道 73的连通面积)可以根据在背压腔 中快速建立并稳定背压的要求而合理设定, 而第二开度(泄漏通道 L 的连通面积)可以根据压缩机性能优化的要求而合理设定。 此外, 阀 片 94的弹性力 (即使阀片 94离开阀座 92所需的压差)也可以根据 压缩机性能优化的要求而合理设定。 因此, 根据本发明的构造, 在背压腔中能够快速建立背压的同时 改善了压缩机的整体性能并且确保了压缩机构的轴向柔性。 而且, 根 据本发明构思的压缩机的构造仍然相对简单并且整体成本无需过分 增加。 图 9示出了根据本发明第二实施方式的阀部件 90A。该阀部件 90A 可以包括阀座 92A、用于打开或关闭阀座的阀片 94A以及为阀片提供 弹簧力的弹簧 97A。 阀部件 90A还可以包括用于保持阀片 94A和弹 簧 97A的固定件(例如固定环) 99A。 固定件 99A可以配合在连通通 道 73中, 并且弹簧 97A可以上述在固定件 99A与阀片 94A之间。 同样地,可以在阀座 92A和阀片 94A中的至少一个上形成用于提 供第二开度的泄漏通道 同第一实施方式类似, 泄漏通道 L可以为 以下形式中的一种: 形成在阀片 94A上的孔 95A或缺口 (图 9 ), 形 成在阀座上的类似于图 8所示的凹槽, 以及形成在阀片上的类似于图 7所示的隆起部等。 同样地, 阀座 92A可以由动涡旋部件 70的一部分构成也可以由 单独的构件构成。 泄漏通道 L的通路面积也可以设置为连通通道 73 的通路面积的 1/10至 1/2。 第二实施方式的阀构件 90A可以以类似于第一实施方式的阀构件 90的方式操作, 并且可以实现类似的效果。 尽管上文参照图 1所示的高压侧设计的涡旋压缩机描述了本发明 的各个实施方式, 但是本领域技术人员应该理解, 本发明也可以应用 于低压侧设计。 在这种情况下, 由动涡旋部件和定涡旋部件构成的压 缩机构的吸气口敞开至充满吸气压力的壳体内, 并且从压缩机构排出 的高压流体排出到一个与吸气压力分隔开的空间中。 背压腔的构造可 以与图 1所示类似,即背压腔仍然形成在动涡旋部件与主轴承座之间。 另外, 在与背压腔流体连通的连通通道中可以设置如上面参照图 5- 图 9所述的阀部件 90或 90A。 当本发明的构思应用于低压侧设计时, 阀部件的运转和所实现的功能与上述第一和第二实施方式的相同。 尽管上文描述了本发明的多种实施方式和多个方面, 但是本领域 技术人员应该理解, 可以对本发明的一些方面做出进一步的变型和 / 或改进。 例如, 在一些方面中, 一种涡旋压缩机可以包括: 壳体; 设置在 所迷壳体内的定涡旋部件和动涡旋部件, 其中所述定涡旋部件设置成 相对于所述壳体固定, 所述动涡旋部件设置成能够相对于所述定涡旋 部件在轴向上浮动; 设置在所述壳体内以支撑所述动涡旋部件的主轴 承座, 在所述动涡旋部件和所述主轴承座之间形成背压腔, 所述背压 腔经由形成在所述动涡旋部件中的连通通道与形成在所述定涡旋部 件和所述动涡旋部件之间的压缩腔流体连通; 以及设置在所述连通通 道中的阀部件, 所述阀部件构造成响应于所述压缩腔与所述背压腔之 间的压差而提供第一开度和第二开度, 所述第二开度小于所述第一开 度。 例如, 在一些方面中, 当所述压缩腔与所述背压腔之间的压差大 于等于预定值时, 所述阀部件提供所述第一开度, 否则所述阀部件提 供所述第二开度。
例如,在一些方面中,所述第二开度为所述第一开度的 1/10至 1/2。 例如, 在一些方面中, 所述阀部件是弹性阀部件。
例如, 在一些方面中, 所述弹性阀部件包括阀座和用于打开或关 闭所述阀座的弹性阀片, 在所述阀座和所述阀片中的至少一个上形成 有用于提供所述第二开度的泄漏通道。 优选地, 所述泄漏通道可以为 以下形式中的一种: 形成在所述阀片上的孔或缺口, 形成在所述阀座 上的凹槽, 以及形成在所述阀片上的隆起部。 优选地, 所述阀座由动 涡旋部件的一部分构成。 优选地, 所述阀片呈悬臂梁形式, 并且所述 阀片的一端固定在所迷动涡旋部件上。 优选地, 所述泄漏通道的通路 面积为所述连通通道的通路面积的 1/10至 1/2。
例如, 在一些方面中, 所述弹性阀部件包括阀座、 用于打开或关 闭所述阀座的阀片以及为所述阀片提供弹簧力的弹簧, 在所述阀座和 所迷阀片中的至少一个上形成有用于提供所述第二开度的泄漏通道。 优选地, 所述泄漏通道为以下形式中的一种: 形成在所述阀片上的孔 或缺口,形成在所迷阀座上的凹槽,以及形成在所述阀片上的隆起部。 优选地, 所述阀座由动涡旋部件的一部分构成。 优选地, 所述涡旋压 缩机还包括用于保持所述阀片和所述弹簧的固定件。 优选地, 所述泄 漏通道的通路面积为所述连通通道的通路面积的 1/10至 1/2。
例如, 在一些方面中, 在所述动涡旋部件的端板和所迷定涡旋部 件的径向外周部分之间形成动态接触密封。
例如, 在一些方面中, 在所述动涡旋部件的毂部与所迷主轴承座 之间形成有密封界面。
例如, 在一些方面中, 所述涡旋压缩机为高压侧设计。
例如, 在一些方面中, 所述压缩机的进气通道直接地且密封地连 接到所述定涡旋部件和所述动涡旋部件的最外侧的压缩腔。
例如, 在一些方面中, 所述涡旋压缩机为低压侧设计。
例如, 在一些方面中, 由所述动涡旋部件和所述定涡旋部件构成 的压缩机构的吸气口敞开至所述壳体内。 例如, 在一些方面中, 所述定涡旋部件与所述主轴承座固定地连 接使得二者之间的接合界面基本上是密封的。
尽管在此已详细描述本公开的各种实施方式, 但是应该理解本公开 并不局限于这里详细描述和示出的具体实施方式, 在不偏离本公开的实 质和范围的情况下可由本领域的技术人员实现其它的变型和变体。 所有 这些变型和变体都落入本发明的范围内。 而且, 所有在此描述的构件、 部件或特征都可以由其他结构上和功能上等同的构件、 部件或特征来代 替。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种涡旋压缩机( 100 ), 包括:
壳体 ( 10 );
设置在所述壳体( 10 ) 内的定涡旋部件( so )和动涡旋部件( 70 ), 其 中所述定涡旋部件(80)设置成相对于所述壳体(10) 固定, 所述动涡旋 部件(70)设置成能够相对于所述定涡旋部件(80)在轴向上浮动;
设置在所述壳体( 10 )内以支撑所述动涡旋部件( 70 )的主轴承座( 40 ), 在所述动涡旋部件(70)和所述主轴承座 (40)之间形成背压腔(B), 所 述背压腔(B)经由形成在所述动涡旋部件(70) 中的连通通道(73)与 形成在所述定涡旋部件(80)和所述动涡旋部件(70)之间压缩腔(C2) 流体连通;
其特征在于: 所述涡旋压缩机还包括设置在所述连通通道(73) 中的 阀部件(90, 90A),所述阀部件(90, 90A)构造成响应于所述压缩腔(C2) 与所述背压腔(B)之间的压差而提供第一开度和第二开度, 所述第二开 度小于所述第一开度。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中当所述压缩腔(C2)与所 述背压腔(B)之间的压差大于等于预定值时, 所述阀部件(90, 90A)提 供所述第一开度, 否则所述阀部件(90, 90A)提供所述第二开度。
3、如权利要求 1所述的涡旋压缩机,其中所述第二开度为所述第一开 度的 1/10至 1/2。
4、如权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的涡旋压缩机,其中所述阀部件(90, 90A)是弹性阀部件。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述弹性阀部件(90)包括 阀座(92)和用于打开或关闭所述阀座的弹性阀片(94),在所述阀座(92) 和所述阀片 (94) 中的至少一个上形成有用于提供所述第二开度的泄漏通 道(L)。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述泄漏通道(L)为以下 形式中的一种: 形成在所述阀片 (94)上的孔(95)或缺口, 形成在所述 阀座(92)上的凹槽(98), 以及形成在所述阀片 (94)上的隆起部(97)。
7、 如权利要求 5所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述阀座(92)由动涡旋部 件(70)的一部分构成。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述阀片(94)呈悬臂梁形 式, 并且所述阀片 (94) 的一端固定在所述动涡旋部件(70)上。
9、 如权利要求 5所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述泄漏通道(L)的通路 面积为所述连通通道( 73 ) 的通路面积的 1/10至 1/2。
10、 如权利要求 4所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述弹性阀部件 (90A) 包括阀座(92A)、 用于打开或关闭所述阀座的阀片 (94A) 以及为所述阀 片提供弹簧力的弹簧(97A), 在所述阀座(92A)和所述阀片 (94A) 中 的至少一个上形成有用于提供所述第二开度的泄漏通道(L)
11、 如权利要求 10所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述泄漏通道(L)为以 下形式中的一种: 形成在所述阀片 (94A)上的孔(95A)或缺口, 形成在 所述阀座上的凹槽, 以及形成在所述阀片上的隆起部。
12、 如权利要求 10所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述阀座(92A)由动涡 旋部件(70) 的一部分构成。
13、如权利要求 10所述的涡旋压缩机,还包括用于保持所述阀片( 94A ) 和所述弹簧( 97A )的固定件 ( 99A )。 14、 如权利要求 10所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述泄漏通道(L)的通 路面积为所述连通通道 ( 73 ) 的通路面积的 1/10至 1/2。
15、 如权利要求 1所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中在所述动涡旋部件(70) 的端板(72)和所述定涡旋部件(80) 的径向外周部分(86)之间形成动 态接触密封(Sl)。
16、 如权利要求 1所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中在所述动涡旋部件(70) 的毂部 (76)与所述主轴承座 (40)之间形成有密封界面 (S2)。
17、 如权利要求 1所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述涡旋压缩机为高压侧 设计。
18、如权利要求 17所述的涡旋压缩机,其中所述涡旋压缩机的进气通 道(18)直接地且密封地连接到所述定涡旋部件(80)和所述动涡旋部件
(70) 的最外侧的压缩腔(Cl)。
19、 如权利要求 1所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述涡旋压缩机为低压侧 设计。
20、如权利要求 19所述的涡旋压缩机,其中由所述动涡旋部件和所述 定涡旋部件构成的压缩机构的吸气口敞开至所述壳体内。
21、 如权利要求 1所述的涡旋压缩机, 其中所述定涡旋部件(80)与 所述主轴承座 (40) 固定地连接使得二者之间的接合界面 (F)基本上是 密封的。
PCT/CN2014/082316 2013-08-07 2014-07-16 涡旋压缩机 WO2015018268A1 (zh)

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