WO2015018018A1 - 具有辅助轮的轮组装置 - Google Patents

具有辅助轮的轮组装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015018018A1
WO2015018018A1 PCT/CN2013/081045 CN2013081045W WO2015018018A1 WO 2015018018 A1 WO2015018018 A1 WO 2015018018A1 CN 2013081045 W CN2013081045 W CN 2013081045W WO 2015018018 A1 WO2015018018 A1 WO 2015018018A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
auxiliary
circular
bracket
wheels
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PCT/CN2013/081045
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高·哈里·凡
高小平
Original Assignee
Gao Harry Fan
Gao Xiaoping
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Publication date
Application filed by Gao Harry Fan, Gao Xiaoping filed Critical Gao Harry Fan
Priority to PCT/CN2013/081045 priority Critical patent/WO2015018018A1/zh
Publication of WO2015018018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015018018A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/06—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/02—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts providing for travelling up or down a flight of stairs
    • B62B5/026—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts providing for travelling up or down a flight of stairs with spiders or adapted wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62H—CYCLE STANDS; SUPPORTS OR HOLDERS FOR PARKING OR STORING CYCLES; APPLIANCES PREVENTING OR INDICATING UNAUTHORIZED USE OR THEFT OF CYCLES; LOCKS INTEGRAL WITH CYCLES; DEVICES FOR LEARNING TO RIDE CYCLES
    • B62H1/00—Supports or stands forming part of or attached to cycles
    • B62H1/10—Supports or stands forming part of or attached to cycles involving means providing for a stabilised ride
    • B62H1/12—Supports or stands forming part of or attached to cycles involving means providing for a stabilised ride using additional wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/06—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps
    • A61G5/063—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps with eccentrically mounted wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/06—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps
    • A61G5/066—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps with endless belts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wheel of a vehicle, and more particularly to a wheel set device having an auxiliary wheel.
  • the wheel is one of the earliest mechanical inventions of civilization and an indispensable tool in daily life. In the long-term use process, people continue to improve the manufacturing materials of the wheels, the cross-sectional shape of the wheels, etc., but the single circular structure has not changed.
  • the radius of the wheel In existing wheels, in order to pass obstacles of a certain height, the radius of the wheel must be greater than the height of the obstacle. If you want to overcome higher obstacles, you need a wheel with a larger radius, and the volume and weight of the wheel should increase accordingly. However, no matter how big the wheel is, only a small section of the wheel of the curved part touches the ground at any time, and most of the other is not used until the obstacle is encountered, and the front part of the wheel is used. In addition, another feature of existing wheels is that the radius is fixed; the wheels are shock-proof by inflation or using a resilient material.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wheel set device having an auxiliary wheel which can pass an obstacle having a height greater than its own radius, and the relative position of each wheel can be changed to pass a complicated road surface and reduce vibration.
  • the technical solution of the wheel set device having the auxiliary wheel of the present invention is:
  • the shape of the arc can be changed: (1) the angle relative to the ground can be changed; (2) The shape of the structure can be changed, for example, an approximate arc, a straight line, a curve; (3) the instantaneous shape can be changed, and each wheel bearing can move independently.
  • the specific structure comprises: a circular wheel, the front side of the circular wheel is provided with at least one auxiliary wheel; the circular wheel and the auxiliary wheel are respectively connected to the bracket through the bearing; the circular wheel is used for contacting the ground, and the auxiliary wheel is used for crossing the obstacle or Contacting the ground; the bracket is connected to the control shaft to rotate the bracket relative to the control shaft, and can change the contact state of the circular wheel and the auxiliary wheel with the ground.
  • the auxiliary wheels are plural; the plurality of auxiliary wheels and the circular wheel form an arc shape, an approximately arc shape, a straight line or a curve.
  • the circular wheel and the auxiliary wheel move independently of each other.
  • the diameter of the auxiliary wheel is smaller than the diameter of the circular wheel.
  • the auxiliary wheels are plural; the diameters of the plurality of auxiliary wheels are different from each other.
  • the bracket is provided with a bumper.
  • the circular wheel and the plurality of auxiliary wheels are connected by a crawler belt.
  • the bracket comprises a total pole and a plurality of struts having the same number as the auxiliary wheels, wherein the plurality of struts are respectively connected to the total rod; the circular wheel and the auxiliary wheel respectively connect the struts of the bracket through the bearing; Independent buffer.
  • the bracket comprises a total pole and two poles, the two poles are respectively connected to the total pole; the circular wheel is connected to one of the poles, and the plurality of auxiliary wheels are connected together to the other pole; each pole is respectively provided with an independent pole A buffer; a plurality of auxiliary wheels are connected by a track or a belt to form an auxiliary wheel set.
  • the bracket is a movable frame; the bracket comprises a total pole and two poles, and the two poles are respectively connected to the total pole; one of the poles is connected to the bracket by a bearing; the two legs of the bracket are respectively connected to the round wheel And an auxiliary wheel adjacent thereto; the main rod is connected to the buffer through the bearing; the other rod is connected to the other sub-bracket through another bearing; the two legs of the sub-bracket are respectively connected to the other two auxiliary wheels; or, the other The pole is directly connected to the auxiliary wheel.
  • the auxiliary wheels are disposed on the front, rear, left and right of the circular wheel.
  • the core idea of the invention is to replace a circle with an arc so that the volume and weight of the wheel can be reduced and the road surface with a higher obstacle than the radius of the wheel can be passed.
  • the shape of the arc formed by all the wheels of the present invention can be changed, not only the angle of the arc relative to the ground can be varied, but also the shape of the arc itself can be changed, such as changing to an approximate arc, a straight line or a curve;
  • the independent movement of the wheels, the shape of the arc itself enables instantaneous changes, which can reduce vibration and improve the ability to pass through complex roads.
  • the invention uses two or more small wheels to form a wheel set, and realizes a different arc or approximate arc structure by different connection modes with the control shaft, and each wheel axle can move independently instead of one big.
  • Wheels can pass obstacles and complex road surfaces with higher radii than themselves, while reducing vibration and reducing the volume and weight of the wheels, making the wheels small and light, and having the same ability to pass obstacles as large wheels.
  • the invention can reduce the volume, reduce the weight, increase the speed, reduce the vibration, and reduce the material and the production cost under the premise of ensuring the performance of the wheel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a wheel set device having an auxiliary wheel according to the present invention, which adopts a fixed frame;
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 are schematic views showing the state of use of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the present invention, which employs a fixed frame and has a crawler;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the present invention having an independent anti-shock function
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention having an auxiliary wheel set
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which employs a movable frame
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view of the wheel arrangement of the present invention, the box in the figure represents the wheel;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view of the application principle of the present invention.
  • a first embodiment of a wheel set device having an auxiliary wheel comprising a circular wheel 1 provided on the front side of a plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 (three in the figure), a circular wheel 1 and an auxiliary wheel 2 Connecting the bracket 3 through the bearing respectively;
  • the circular wheel 1 and the auxiliary wheel 2 can be moved independently of each other;
  • At least one auxiliary wheel 2 has a height greater than that of the circular wheel 1; the lower points of the plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 and the circular wheel 1 preferably form an arc or an approximately arc shape; the auxiliary wheel 2 and the circular wheel 1 may not be identical Plane, that is, the auxiliary wheel 2 and the circular wheel 1 are staggered along the central axis;
  • the diameter of the auxiliary wheel 2 is preferably smaller than the diameter of the circular wheel 1; the diameters of the auxiliary wheels 2 may also be different from each other;
  • the top of the bracket 3 is provided with a buffer 4 for shockproofing the bracket 3;
  • the buffer 4 may be a spring;
  • the bracket 3 is connected to a control shaft 5 which is connected to the device using the wheel by means of a control shaft 5. Rotating the bracket 3 relative to the control shaft 5 can change the contact state of the circular wheel 1 and the auxiliary wheel 2 with the ground;
  • the initial state when the circular wheel 1 is grounded; the bracket 3 is rotated at an angle with respect to the control shaft 5, and the clip formed between the arc formed by the auxiliary wheel 2 and the circular wheel 1 and the road surface is adjusted.
  • the angle causes the circular wheel 1 and the auxiliary wheel 2 adjacent thereto to land; and the bracket 3 is rotated by an angle with respect to the control shaft 5, so that the two intermediate wheels 2 are grounded.
  • the auxiliary wheel 2 can cross the obstacle, as shown in Figure 2; if you need to pass the soft or pitted road, adjust the auxiliary The angle formed between the arc formed by the wheel 2 and the circular wheel 1 and the road surface enables at least two wheels to land at the same time, thereby reducing the pressure on the road surface and smoothly passing through a soft or pitted road surface.
  • the materials of the circular wheel 1 and the plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 may be different from each other.
  • the widths of the circular wheel 1 and the plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 may be different from each other.
  • the invention can be used as a driving wheel or as a driven wheel. If used as a driving wheel, each wheel (including round wheel 1 and multiple auxiliary wheels 2) can be driven, or only the circular wheel 1 that directly touches the ground is driven; it can also be designed to touch only the obstacles The auxiliary wheel 2 of the object is driven.
  • the plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 of the present invention form an arc shape with the circular wheel 1 , and the arc shape is close to a curved shape of the large wheel, and as long as the height of the highest point of the arc is greater than the height of the obstacle, the obstacle can be passed through It is possible to pass an obstacle several times higher than the radius of the circular wheel 1.
  • the plurality of auxiliary wheels of the present invention can be more flexible and have more functions than large wheels.
  • each wheel can move independently.
  • the vibration can be reduced by the automatic adjustment of the upper and lower positions of the wheels, and because different wheels can contact the ground at the same time, the pressure of a single wheel will be reduced.
  • a second embodiment of the invention comprising a circular wheel 1, the front side of the circular wheel 1 is provided with a plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 (three in the figure), the circular wheel 1 and the auxiliary wheel 2 are respectively connected to the bracket 3 through a bearing;
  • the height of the auxiliary wheel 2 is larger than the circular wheel 1; the lower points of the plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 and the circular wheel 1 preferably form an arc shape;
  • the circular wheel 1 and the plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 are connected by the crawler belt 6;
  • the circular wheel 1 contacts the ground; the auxiliary wheel 2 is used to span the obstacle. Since all the wheels are connected by the track, only the circular wheel 1 is driven and all the wheels are rotated.
  • This structure can be used for pavements with complex terrain or large holes.
  • a third embodiment of the invention comprising a circular wheel 1, the front side of the circular wheel 1 is provided with a plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 (three in the figure), the circular wheel 1 and the auxiliary wheel 2 are respectively connected to the bracket 3 through a bearing;
  • the bracket 3 comprises a total pole and four poles, and the four poles are respectively connected to the total pole; the circular wheel 1 and the three auxiliary wheels 2 respectively connect the poles of the bracket 3 through the bearing; respectively, the poles on which each wheel is located are respectively arranged There is a separate buffer 7;
  • the top of the bracket 3 is provided with a buffer 4; the buffer 4 and the independent buffer 7 may be springs; the independent buffer 7 is used for shockproof, and the suspension height of each wheel can be adjusted; the expansion and contraction range of the independent buffer 7 is smaller than that of the auxiliary wheel 2 Or the radius of the circular wheel 1;
  • the height of the auxiliary wheel 2 is larger than the circular wheel 1; the lower points of the plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 and the circular wheel 1 preferably form an arc shape;
  • the main rod of the bracket 3 is connected to the control shaft 5; the angle of the bracket 3 with respect to the ground can be adjusted by the control shaft 5 according to the condition of the road surface; the bracket 3 is connected to the device using the wheel by the control shaft 5.
  • the circular wheel 1 contacts the ground; the auxiliary wheel 2 is used to span the obstacle. If an obstacle is encountered, each wheel can independently change the height according to the shape of the ground, reducing the vibration of the car.
  • the bracket 3 comprises a total pole and two poles, the two poles are respectively connected to the total pole; the circular wheel 1 is connected to one of the poles, and the three auxiliary wheels 2 are connected to the other pole jointly; Independent buffer 7;
  • auxiliary wheels 2 are connected by a track 6 or a belt to form an auxiliary wheel set;
  • the height of the auxiliary wheel 2 is larger than that of the circular wheel 1; the lower points of the plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 and the circular wheel 1 preferably form an arc shape.
  • the circular wheel 1 contacts the ground; the auxiliary wheel set is used to span the obstacle. If an obstacle is encountered, the height and angle of the auxiliary wheel 2 can be adjusted independently depending on the shape of the ground.
  • An advantage of this embodiment is that the obstacle is not caught between the plurality of auxiliary wheels 2.
  • a fifth embodiment of the invention comprising a circular wheel 1, the front side of the circular wheel 1 is provided with a plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 (three in the figure), the circular wheel 1 and the auxiliary wheel 2 are respectively connected to the bracket 3 through a bearing;
  • the bracket 3 comprises a total pole and two poles, and the two poles are respectively connected to the total pole; one of the brackets is connected to the sub-bracket by a bearing 51; the two legs of the sub-bracket are respectively connected with the circular wheel 1 and the auxiliary adjacent thereto Wheel 2;
  • the other struts are connected to the other sub-bracket by another bearing 52; the two legs of the sub-bracket are respectively connected to the other two auxiliary wheels 2;
  • auxiliary wheel 2 is directly connected to the auxiliary wheel 2;
  • the top of the bracket 3 is provided with a buffer 4;
  • the main rod of the bracket 3 is connected to the control shaft 5; the angle of the bracket 3 with respect to the ground can be adjusted by the control shaft 5 according to the condition of the road surface; the bracket 3 is connected to the device using the wheel by the control shaft 5.
  • the circular wheel 1 contacts the ground; the auxiliary wheel 2 is used to straddle the obstacle.
  • the front auxiliary wheel 2 is tilted upward, and the rear auxiliary wheel 2 is pressed down by the bearing 51.
  • An advantage of this embodiment is that the vibration of the vehicle body can be reduced, and different wheels can simultaneously contact the ground and obstacles, increasing the ability to pass obstacles.
  • the plurality of auxiliary wheels 2 and the circular wheel 1 are arranged in an arc shape; at least one of the auxiliary wheels 2 is disposed on the front side of the circular wheel 1, and the remaining auxiliary wheels 2 are disposed on the circular wheel 1.
  • Front, back, left, and right; specific arrangements are as follows:
  • one of the auxiliary wheels 2 is disposed on the front side of the circular wheel 1, and the remaining auxiliary wheels 2 are disposed on the front or rear side of the circular wheel 1; and the auxiliary wheel 2 and the circle Wheel 1 is in the same plane;
  • one of the auxiliary wheels 2 is disposed on the front side of the circular wheel 1, and the remaining auxiliary wheels 2 are disposed on the front side, the rear side or the left side of the circular wheel 1; that is, all the wheel segments are in two planes.
  • the remaining auxiliary wheels 2 are disposed on the front side, the rear side or the left side of the circular wheel 1; that is, all the wheel segments are in two planes.
  • one of the auxiliary wheels 2 is disposed on the front side of the circular wheel 1, and the remaining auxiliary wheels 2 are disposed on the left and right sides of the circular wheel 1; that is, all the wheel segments are in three planes;
  • two of the auxiliary wheels 2 are disposed on the left and right sides of the front side of the circular wheel 1, and the other two auxiliary wheels 2 are disposed on the left and right sides of the rear of the circular wheel 1.
  • the plurality of small wheels of the present invention are arranged in an arc shape, like an arc of a wheel. In operation, only one or more small wheels touch the ground, and the other small wheels are tilted forward. The tilted part can be adjusted according to the obstacles that need to be passed, thus saving 80-90% of the wheels. The 'wasted' part.
  • the invention can be used on any vehicle, such as automobiles, trucks, bicycles, skateboards, roller skates, motorcycles, aircraft landing gear, and the like.
  • the present invention can be much reduced in size and size compared to existing wheels while maintaining the same ability to pass obstacles. As shown in FIG. 15, the present invention can replace the large wheels 30, 40 with the small wheel sets 10, 20. .

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Abstract

一种具有辅助轮的轮组装置，包括圆形轮（1），圆形轮（1）的前侧设置有至少一个辅助轮（2）；圆形轮（1）和辅助轮（2）分别通过轴承连接支架（3）；圆形轮（1）用于接触地面，辅助轮（2）用于跨越障碍物或者接触地面；支架（3）连接控制轴（5），使支架（3）相对于控制轴（5）旋转，能够改变圆形轮（1）和辅助轮（2）与地面的接触状态。该装置用一段弧代替一个圆，从而能够减少轮子的体积和重量。所有轮子形成的弧的形状是可以变化的，不仅弧线相对于地面的角度可以变化，弧线本身的形状也可以变化，如变化成为近似弧线、直线或曲线；并且通过每个轮子的独立运动，弧线本身的形状能够实现瞬时变化。

Description

具有辅助轮的轮组装置 技术领域
本发明涉及 一种交通工具的轮子，具体涉及一种具有辅助轮的轮组装置。
背景技术
车轮是人类最早的机械发明之一，是日常生活中不可或缺的工具。在长期的使用过程中，人们不断在车轮的制造材料、车轮的截面形状等方面进行改进，但其单一的圆形结构一直未变。
现有的车轮，为了通过一定高度的障碍物，车轮的半径必须大于障碍物的高度。如果要克服较高的障碍物，就需要更大半径的车轮，而车轮的体积和重量都要相应增大。可是不管车轮有多大，在任何时候都只有很小一段弧形部分的车轮接触地面，其他大部分都没有用到，直到碰到障碍，车轮的靠前部分才用到。另外，现有车轮的另一个特点是半径是固定的；车轮通过充气或使用有弹性材料来防震。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种具有辅助轮的轮组装置，它可以通过高度大于自身半径的障碍物，并且每个车轮的相对位置可以改变，以通过复杂路面并减少振动。
技术解决方案
为 解决 上述技术问题， 本 发明具有辅助轮的轮组装置 的技术解决方案为：
用一段弧代替一个圆，这段弧的形状是可以变化的：（ 1 ）相对地面角度可以变；（ 2 ）结构形状可以变，例如近似弧形、直线、曲线；（ 3 ） 瞬时形状可以变，每个轮轴承可以独立运动。
具体结构为：包括圆形轮，圆形轮的前侧设置有至少一个辅助轮；圆形轮和辅助轮分别通过轴承连接支架；圆形轮用于接触地面，辅助轮用于跨越障碍物或者接触地面；支架连接控制轴，使支架相对于控制轴旋转，能够改变圆形轮和辅助轮与地面的接触状态。
所述辅助轮为多个；多个辅助轮与圆形轮形成一弧形、近似弧形、直线或者曲线。
所述圆形轮和辅助轮彼此独立运动。
所述辅助轮的直径小于圆形轮的直径。
所述辅助轮为多个；多个辅助轮的直径互不相同。
所述支架设置有缓冲器。
所述圆形轮及多个辅助轮通过履带连接。
所述支架包括总杆和与辅助轮数目相同的多个支杆，多个支杆分别连接总杆；圆形轮和辅助轮分别通过轴承连接支架的支杆；每个支杆上分别设置有一独立缓冲器。
所述支架包括总杆和两个支杆，两个支杆分别连接总杆；圆形轮连接其中一个支杆，多个辅助轮共同连接另一支杆；每个支杆上分别设置有一独立缓冲器；多个辅助轮通过履带或皮带连接，形成辅助轮组。
所述支架为活动框架；所述支架包括总杆和两个支杆，两个支杆分别连接总杆；其中一个支杆通过轴承连接分支架；分支架的两个支腿分别连接圆形轮和与其相邻的辅助轮；总杆通过轴承连接缓冲器；另一个支杆通过另一轴承连接另一分支架；该分支架的两个支腿分别连接另外两个辅助轮；或者，另一个支杆直接连接辅助轮。
所述辅助轮设置于圆形轮的 前、后、左、右。
 有益效果
本发明的核心思想是用一段弧代替一个圆，从而能够减少轮子的体积和重量并且能够通过障碍物比其轮子半径高的路面。
本发明的所有轮子所形成的弧的形状是可以改变的，不仅弧线相对于地面的角度可以变化，弧线本身的形状也可以变化，如变化成为近似弧线、直线或曲线；并且通过每个轮子的独立运动，弧线本身的形状能够实现瞬时变化，从而能够减小振动，提高通过复杂路面的能力。
本发明用两个或两个以上的小轮子组成轮组，通过与控制轴不同的连接方式实现不同的排列方式构成一段弧形或近似弧形结构，每个轮轴可以独立运动，以代替一个大轮子，能够通过比其本身半径高的障碍物和复杂的路面，同时可以减少振动，减少轮子的体积和重量，使得轮子既小而轻，又具有与大轮子相同的通过障碍物的能力。
本发明在保证车轮使用性能的前提下，能够减小体积、减轻重量，提高速度，减小振动，减少材料和生产成本。
 附图说明
下面结合附图 和具体实施方式 对本 发明 作进一步详细的说明：
图1是 本 发明具有辅助轮的轮组装置的第一实施例的示意图，该实施例采用固定框架；
图2至图4是 本 发明的第一实施例的使用状态示意图；
图5是 本 发明的第二实施例的示意图，该实施例采用固定框架并且有履带；
图6是 本 发明的第二实施例的使用状态示意图；
图7是 本 发明的第三实施例的示意图，该实施例具有独立防震功能；
图8是 本 发明的第三实施例的使用状态示意图；
图9是 本 发明的第四实施例的示意图，该实施例具有辅助轮组；
图10是 本 发明的第四实施例的使用状态示意图；
图11是 本 发明的第五实施例的示意图，该实施例采用活动框架；
图12、图13是 本 发明的第五实施例的使用状态示意图；
图14是本发明的轮子排列示意图，图中的方框表示车轮；
图15是本发明的应用原理示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的实施方式
如图1所示为 本 发明具有辅助轮的轮组装置的第一实施例，包括圆形轮1，圆形轮1的前侧设置有多个辅助轮2（图中为三个），圆形轮1和辅助轮2分别通过轴承连接支架3；
通过改变圆形轮1和辅助轮2与支架3的连接方式，能够使圆形轮1和辅助轮2彼此独立运动；
至少有一个辅助轮2的高度大于圆形轮1；多个辅助轮2与圆形轮1的最低点最好形成一弧形或近似弧形；辅助轮2与圆形轮1可以不处于同一平面，即辅助轮2与圆形轮1沿中心轴线交错布置；
辅助轮2的直径最好小于圆形轮1的直径；各辅助轮2的直径也可以互不相同；
支架3的顶部设置有缓冲器4，用于为支架3防震；缓冲器4可以是弹簧；
支架3连接控制轴5，支架3通过控制轴5与使用轮子的设备连接。使支架3相对于控制轴5旋转，能够改变圆形轮1和辅助轮2与地面的接触状态；
如图1所示为初始状态，此时圆形轮1着地；使支架3相对于控制轴5旋转一角度，调整辅助轮2与圆形轮1所形成的弧形与路面之间形成的夹角，使圆形轮1和与其相邻的辅助轮2着地；使支架3相对于控制轴5再旋转一角度，则使中间两个辅助轮2着地。
如果需要越过高于路面的障碍物，使弧形向上翘，圆形轮1着地，辅助轮2可以跨越障碍物，如图2所示；如果需要通过松软或有凹坑的路面时，调整辅助轮2与圆形轮1所形成的弧形与路面之间形成的夹角，即可使至少两个轮子同时着地，从而减小对路面的压强，顺利通过松软或有凹坑的路面。
圆形轮1及多个辅助轮2的材料可以互不相同。
圆形轮1及多个辅助轮2的宽度可以互不相同。
本发明可以作为主动轮，也可以作为从动轮。如果作为主动轮，每个轮子（包括圆形轮1和多个辅助轮2）都可以被驱动，或者只有直接接触地面的圆形轮1被驱动；也可以通过触动设计，使得只有碰到障碍物的辅助轮2才被驱动。
本发明的多个辅助轮2与圆形轮1形成一弧形，该弧形接近大轮子的一段弧形，只要该弧形最高点的高度大于障碍物的高度，就能够通过障碍物，从而能够通过比圆形轮1的半径高几倍的障碍物。
本发明的多个辅助轮，每个辅助轮可以单独设计以适应不同的需要，所以能够比大轮子更灵活，有更多的功能。比如每个轮子可以独立运动，在通过不平的路面时，通过各个轮子上下位置的自动调整，可以减小振动，而且因为不同轮子可以同时接触地面，单个轮子的压强会减少。
如图5所示为 本 发明的第二实施例，包括圆形轮1，圆形轮1的前侧设置有多个辅助轮2（图中为三个），圆形轮1和辅助轮2分别通过轴承连接支架3；辅助轮2的高度大于圆形轮1；多个辅助轮2与圆形轮1的最低点最好形成一弧形；
圆形轮1及多个辅助轮2通过履带6连接；
如图6所示，工作时，圆形轮1接触地面；辅助轮2用于跨越障碍物。由于全部轮子均通过履带连接，只需要圆形轮1被驱动，所有轮子都转动。这种结构可以被用于地形复杂或有大洞的路面。
如图7所示为 本 发明的第三实施例，包括圆形轮1，圆形轮1的前侧设置有多个辅助轮2（图中为三个），圆形轮1和辅助轮2分别通过轴承连接支架3；
支架3包括总杆和四个支杆，四个支杆分别连接总杆；圆形轮1和三个辅助轮2分别通过轴承连接支架3的支杆；每个轮子所在的支杆上分别设置有一独立缓冲器7；
支架3的顶部设置有缓冲器4；缓冲器4和独立缓冲器7可以是弹簧；独立缓冲器7用于防震，还能够调节各个轮子的悬挂高度；独立缓冲器7的伸缩范围小于辅助轮2或圆形轮1的半径；
辅助轮2的高度大于圆形轮1；多个辅助轮2与圆形轮1的最低点最好形成一弧形；
支架3的总杆连接控制轴5；根据路面的情况，通过控制轴5能够调整支架3相对于地面的角度；支架3通过控制轴5与使用轮子的设备连接。
如图8所示，工作时，圆形轮1接触地面；辅助轮2用于跨越障碍物。如果遇到障碍物，各个轮子可以根据地面形状独立改变高度，减少车子的振动。
如图9所示为 本 发明的第四实施例，包括圆形轮1，圆形轮1的前侧设置有多个辅助轮2（图中为三个），圆形轮1和辅助轮2分别通过轴承连接支架3；
支架3包括总杆和两个支杆，两个支杆分别连接总杆；圆形轮1连接其中一个支杆，三个辅助轮2共同连接另一支杆；每个支杆上分别设置有一独立缓冲器7；
多个辅助轮2通过履带6或皮带连接，形成辅助轮组；
辅助轮2的高度大于圆形轮1；多个辅助轮2与圆形轮1的最低点最好形成一弧形。
如图10所示，工作时，圆形轮1接触地面；辅助轮组用于跨越障碍物。如果遇到障碍物，辅助轮2的高度和角度可以根据地面形状独立进行调整。本实施例的优点是障碍物不会被卡在多个辅助轮2之间。
如图11所示为 本 发明的第五实施例，包括圆形轮1，圆形轮1的前侧设置有多个辅助轮2（图中为三个），圆形轮1和辅助轮2分别通过轴承连接支架3；
支架3包括总杆和两个支杆，两个支杆分别连接总杆；其中一个支杆通过轴承51连接分支架；分支架的两个支腿分别连接圆形轮1和与其相邻的辅助轮2；
另一个支杆通过另一轴承52连接另一分支架；该分支架的两个支腿分别连接另外两个辅助轮2；
或者，另一个支杆直接连接辅助轮2；
支架3的顶部设置有缓冲器4；
支架3的总杆连接控制轴5；根据路面的情况，通过控制轴5能够调整支架3相对于地面的角度；支架3通过控制轴5与使用轮子的设备连接。
如图12、图13所示，工作时，圆形轮1接触地面；辅助轮2用于跨越障碍物。碰到障碍物时，前面的辅助轮2向上翘，同时通过轴承51将后面的辅助轮2压下去。本实施例的优点是能够减小车体的振动，不同轮子可以同时接触地面和障碍，增加通过障碍的能力。
如图14所示，多个辅助轮2与圆形轮1排列成一弧形；其中至少一个辅助轮2设置于圆形轮1的前侧，其余的辅助轮2可以设置于圆形轮1的 前、后、左、右；具体可以有以下几种排列方式：
如图14a、b、c所示，其中一个辅助轮2设置于圆形轮1的前侧，其余的辅助轮2设置于圆形轮1的前侧或后侧；且辅助轮2和圆形轮1处于同一平面内；
如图14d所示，其中一个辅助轮2设置于圆形轮1的前侧，其余的辅助轮2设置于圆形轮1的前侧、后侧或左侧；即全部车轮分处于两个平面内；
如图14e所示，其中一个辅助轮2设置于圆形轮1的前侧，其余的辅助轮2设置于圆形轮1左右两侧；即全部车轮分处于三个平面内；
如图14f、h所示，全部车轮形成一斜线；
如图14g所示，其中两个辅助轮2设置于圆形轮1前方的左右侧，另外两个辅助轮2设置于圆形轮1后方的左右两侧。
 工业实用性
本发明的多个小轮子排列成弧形，就像轮子的一段弧。在运行中只有一个或多个小轮子接触地面，其他小轮子向前向上翘起。翘起部分可以根据需要通过的障碍物进行调整，从而能够节省轮子的80-90% 的'浪费'部分。
本发明可以用于任何交通工具上，如汽车、卡车、自行车、滑板、旱冰鞋、摩托车、飞机起落架等。在保持同样的通过障碍能力的前提下，本发明能够比现有的轮子在体积和大小方面减少很多，如图15所示，本发明能够实现用小轮组10、20取代大轮30、40。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：包括圆形轮，圆形轮的前侧设置有至少一个辅助轮；圆形轮和辅助轮分别通过轴承连接支架；圆形轮用于接触地面，辅助轮用于跨越障碍物或者接触地面；支架连接控制轴，使支架相对于控制轴旋转，能够改变圆形轮和辅助轮与地面的接触状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：所述辅助轮为多个；多个辅助轮与圆形轮形成一弧形、近似弧形、直线或者曲线。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：所述圆形轮和辅助轮彼此独立运动。
  4. 根据权利要求1或3所述的具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：所述辅助轮为多个；多个辅助轮的直径互不相同。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：所述支架设置有缓冲器。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：所述圆形轮及多个辅助轮通过履带连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：所述支架包括总杆和与辅助轮数目相同的多个支杆，多个支杆分别连接总杆；圆形轮和辅助轮通过轴承分别连接支架的支杆；每个支杆上分别设置有一独立缓冲器。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：所述支架包括总杆和两个支杆，两个支杆分别连接总杆；圆形轮连接其中一个支杆，多个辅助轮共同连接另一支杆；每个支杆上分别设置有一独立缓冲器；多个辅助轮通过履带或皮带连接，形成辅助轮组。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：所述支架为活动框架；所述支架包括总杆和两个支杆，两个支杆分别连接总杆；其中一个支杆通过轴承连接分支架；分支架的两个支腿分别连接圆形轮和与其相邻的辅助轮；总杆通过轴承连接缓冲器；
    另一个支杆通过另一轴承连接另一分支架；该分支架的两个支腿分别连接另外两个辅助轮；或者，另一个支杆直接连接辅助轮。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：所述辅助轮设置于圆形轮的 前、后、左、右。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的具有辅助轮的轮组装置，其特征在于：所述圆形轮和辅助轮形成一段弧，用一段弧代替一个圆；所述弧线相对于地面的角度能够变化；所述弧线本身的形状能够变化；通过每个轮子的独立运动，所述弧线本身的形状能够实现瞬时变化。
PCT/CN2013/081045 2013-08-08 2013-08-08 具有辅助轮的轮组装置 WO2015018018A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1986000587A1 (en) * 1984-07-09 1986-01-30 Oertenheim Aoke Bjoern Stair-climbing hand truck
JPH1035503A (ja) * 1996-07-22 1998-02-10 Taketoshi Imamura 両側に十字型の車軸を付けた台車
US6926287B1 (en) * 2003-09-15 2005-08-09 Bernard P. Maher Stroller assembly
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