WO2015016314A1 - 冷凍機油およびそれを用いた冷凍機用作動流体組成物 - Google Patents
冷凍機油およびそれを用いた冷凍機用作動流体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/02—Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen
- C07C69/22—Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety
- C07C69/33—Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety esterified with hydroxy compounds having more than three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/102—Alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/104—Carboxylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/24—Only one single fluoro component present
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/071—Branched chain compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/09—Characteristics associated with water
- C10N2020/097—Refrigerants
- C10N2020/101—Containing Hydrofluorocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/70—Soluble oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigerating machine oil for 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (hereinafter referred to as “HFO-1234ze”) and a working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine using the same.
- HFO-1234ze 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
- HFC hydrofluorocarbon
- GWP global warming potential
- a refrigerant oil that normally lubricates a refrigerant compressor circulates in the cycle together with the refrigerant. Therefore, the refrigerating machine oil is required to have compatibility with the refrigerant (refrigerant compatibility), and since it is used for the purpose of lubricating the operating part of the refrigerating machine, the lubricating performance is naturally important.
- Patent Document 2 Patent Document 3
- Refrigerator oil is also required to have high thermal and chemical stability that can withstand long-term use in the presence of refrigerants.
- HFO-1234ze refrigerant with unsaturated bond generates acid by oxidative decomposition, and further promotes hydrolysis of refrigerating machine oil by the generated acid. Therefore, thermal and chemical stability especially in the state where air and moisture are mixed Sex is important.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 5 disclose a refrigerating machine oil containing an ester of a fatty acid having 5 to 9 carbon atoms and a polyhydric alcohol, which is used together with a refrigerant containing HFO-1234ze.
- the specific compatibility, lubricity and thermal / chemical stability of is not described or suggested.
- Patent Document 4 describes a refrigerating machine oil containing an ester of fatty acid B and pentaerythritol in which the proportion of branched fatty acids having 10 to 13 carbon atoms is 98.0 mol%. Specific components of several 10 to 13 branched fatty acids are not disclosed. Further, there is no description or suggestion of specific compatibility with HFO-1234ze refrigerant, thermal / chemical stability, lubricity and the like.
- Patent Document 6 describes a tetraester of 2-propylheptanoic acid and pentaerythritol as a lubricating base oil for engines or turbines of automobiles, aircrafts, etc., but in the presence of HFO-1234ze refrigerant.
- the refrigerant compatibility, lubricity and thermal / chemical stability of the ester are not described or suggested.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerating machine oil for HFO-1234ze refrigerant that is excellent in refrigerant compatibility, lubricity, thermal and chemical stability, and a working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine using the same.
- the present invention provides the following [1] to [2].
- Pentaerythritol and / or formula (I) A working fluid composition for a refrigerator comprising an ester of a polyhydric alcohol composed of dipentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid represented by the formula: and a refrigerant composed of HFO-1234ze.
- a refrigerating machine oil excellent in refrigerant compatibility, lubricity, thermal / chemical stability, etc. and a working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine using the same when used together with a HFO-1234ze refrigerant, a refrigerating machine oil excellent in refrigerant compatibility, lubricity, thermal / chemical stability, etc. and a working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine using the same can be provided.
- the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention comprises an ester of pentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid, dipentaerythritol represented by the above formula (I) (hereinafter simply referred to as “dipentaerythritol”) and 2-propylheptanoic acid. It contains an ester or a mixture of an ester of pentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid and an ester of dipentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid, and is characterized in that it is used together with an HFO-1234ze refrigerant.
- the working fluid composition for a refrigerator of the present invention is characterized by containing the refrigerator oil of the present invention and an HFO-1234ze refrigerant.
- ester of pentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid ester of dipentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid
- ester of pentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid ester of pentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid
- dipentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid A mixture with an ester is referred to as an ester according to the present invention.
- the ester according to the present invention is an ester having only 2-propylheptanoic acid as a constituent carboxylic acid, when used as a base oil for a refrigerating machine oil for an HFO-1234ze refrigerant, it has excellent compatibility with the HFO-1234ze refrigerant. Furthermore, it is excellent in lubricity and thermal / chemical stability in the presence of HFO-1234ze refrigerant.
- the ester according to the present invention may contain, as an impurity, a partial ester in which part of the hydroxyl group of pentaerythritol and / or dipentaerythritol is not esterified and remains as a hydroxyl group. If the residual amount of hydroxyl groups is large, the refrigeration machine oil becomes cloudy at low temperature and undesired phenomena such as blocking the capillary device of the refrigeration cycle occur. Therefore, the hydroxyl value of the ester is preferably 10 mgKOH / g or less, preferably 5 mgKOH / G or less is more preferable. In the present invention, the hydroxyl value means a hydroxyl value measured according to the method of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K0070: 1992.
- JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
- the ester according to the present invention uses, for example, pentaerythritol and / or dipentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid, and is obtained by a conventional esterification method (for example, the method described in JP-A-2001-107067). Can be manufactured.
- a mixture of an ester of pentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid and an ester of dipentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid comprises an ester of pentaerythritol and 2-propylheptanoic acid, and dipentaerythritol and 2-propyl Esters with heptanoic acid may be produced independently and mixed to produce. Further, the mixing ratio of both of the mixture may be any ratio.
- 2-Propylheptanoic acid is obtained by subjecting n-valeraldehyde to aldol condensation in the presence of an alkali catalyst according to a known method, for example, the method described in JP-A-8-109299. It can be produced by hydrogenating the portion of the heavy bond and oxidizing it.
- n-valeraldehyde is obtained as a commercial product, or is a known method, for example, a method of hydroformylating 1-butene (which may contain 2-butene or isobutene as an isomer) as a raw material. Etc. can be obtained.
- the n-valeraldehyde obtained by the hydroformylation reaction may include isomers derived from the raw materials and isomers derived from the reaction.
- 2-propylheptanoic acid is produced from such n-valeraldehyde as a raw material via an aldol condensation reaction
- the 2-propylheptanoic acid has an aldol condensate derivative derived from the isomer (for example, 2 -(1-methylethyl) heptanoic acid, 4-methyl-2-propylhexanoic acid, 5-methyl-2-propylhexanoic acid, 4-methyl-2- (1-methylethyl) hexanoic acid, etc.)
- an aldol condensate derivative derived from the isomer for example, 2 -(1-methylethyl) heptanoic acid, 4-methyl-2-propylhexanoic acid, 5-methyl-2-propylhexanoic acid
- the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention may contain the aldol condensate as long as it has an impurity amount as long as it does not impair excellent properties such as lubricity, thermal / chemical stability and refrigerant compatibility in the presence of HFO-1234ze refrigerant.
- Sels derived from derivatives may be included.
- Other methods for producing 2-propylheptanoic acid include a method of dimerization of pentene and subsequent oxidation described in DE 10239134.
- the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention may be a refrigerating machine oil composed only of the ester according to the present invention, or a refrigerating machine oil composed of the ester according to the present invention and another lubricating base oil. Furthermore, you may contain the additive for lubricating oils as needed.
- lubricating base oil examples include mineral oil and synthetic base oil.
- mineral oil examples include paraffin-based crude oil, intermediate-based crude oil, and naphthenic-based crude oil. Further, refined oils obtained by purifying these by distillation or the like can also be used.
- Synthetic base oils include, for example, poly- ⁇ -olefins (polybutene, polypropylene, ⁇ -olefin oligomers having 8 to 14 carbon atoms, etc.), aliphatic esters (fatty acid monoesters, polyhydric alcohols) other than the esters according to the present invention. Fatty acid esters, aliphatic polybasic acid esters, etc.), aromatic esters (aromatic monoesters, aromatic esters of polyhydric alcohols, aromatic polybasic acid esters, etc.), polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, polycarbonates, alkylbenzenes, etc. Can be mentioned.
- examples of fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols include, for example, esters of neopentyl glycol and 2-ethylhexanoic acid, pentaerythritol and pentanoic acid, heptanoic acid, and 3, Esters with 5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, esters with pentaerythritol and 2-ethylhexanoic acid, esters with pentaerythritol and 2-ethylhexanoic acid and 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, pentaerythritol and 3, Esters of 5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, dipentaerythritol and pentanoic acid, esters of heptanoic acid and 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, esters of dipentaerythritol and 2-ethylhex
- the content of other base oils is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of lubricity in the coexistence of HFO-1234ze refrigerant, thermal / chemical stability, and refrigerant compatibility, the total amount of refrigerating machine oil Is preferably 30% by weight or less, more preferably 20% by weight or less, and most preferably 10% by weight or less.
- lubricant additives examples include antioxidants, wear reducing agents (antiwear agents, anti-seizure agents, extreme pressure agents, etc.), friction modifiers, acid scavengers, metal deactivators, and rust inhibitors. And antifoaming agents.
- the content of these additives is preferably 0.001 to 5% by weight based on the total amount of refrigerating machine oil.
- antioxidants examples include 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 4,4′-methylenebis (2,6-diphenol).
- -Tert-butylphenol) and other amine-based antioxidants such as phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine and N, N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine.
- wear reducing agent examples include phosphorous extreme pressure agents such as phosphoric acid esters, thiophosphoric acid esters, acidic phosphoric acid esters, phosphorous acid esters, and amine salts of acidic phosphoric acid esters.
- phosphorous extreme pressure agents such as phosphoric acid esters, thiophosphoric acid esters, acidic phosphoric acid esters, phosphorous acid esters, and amine salts of acidic phosphoric acid esters.
- phosphate esters include tributyl phosphate, tripentyl phosphate, trihexyl phosphate, triheptyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, trinonyl phosphate, tridecyl phosphate, triundecyl phosphate, tridodecyl phosphate Phosphate, tritridecyl phosphate, tritetradecyl phosphate, tripentadecyl phosphate, trihexadecyl phosphate, triheptadecyl phosphate, trioctadecyl phosphate, trioleyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, dicresyl phenyl phosphate, cresyl Diphenyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, dixylenyl E alkenyl phosphat
- thiophosphates include tributyl phosphorothioate, tripentyl phosphorothionate, trihexyl phosphorothionate, triheptyl phosphorothionate, trioctyl phosphorothionate, trinonyl phosphorothionate, Decyl phosphorothioate, triundecyl phosphorothionate, tridodecyl phosphorothionate, tritridecyl phosphorothionate, tritetradecyl phosphorothionate, tripentadecyl phosphorothionate, trihexadecyl phosphorothioate , Triheptadecyl phosphorothionate, trioctadecyl phosphorothionate, trioleyl phosphorothionate, triphenyl phosphorothioate, tricresyl phosphorothionate Dicresyl phenyl phosphorothionate
- Examples of the acidic phosphate ester include monobutyl acid phosphate, monopentyl acid phosphate, monohexyl acid phosphate, monoheptyl acid phosphate, monooctyl acid phosphate, monononyl acid phosphate, monodecyl acid phosphate, monoundecyl acid phosphate, Monododecyl acid phosphate, monotridecyl acid phosphate, monotetradecyl acid phosphate, monopentadecyl acid phosphate, monohexadecyl acid phosphate, monoheptadecyl acid phosphate, monooctadecyl acid phosphate, monooleyl acid phosphate, dibutyl acid diphosphate Acid phosphate, Jihe Silacid phosphate, diheptyl acid phosphate, dioctyl acid phosphate, dinonyl acid phosphate, didecyl acid phosphate, diunde
- phosphites examples include triethyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite, tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphite, triisooctyl phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, tridodecyl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, trioleyl phosphite.
- triphenyl phosphite, tricresyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, diphenylisodecyl phosphite and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the amine salt of the acidic phosphate ester include the acidic phosphate ester and methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, pentylamine, hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, Examples include salts with amines such as butylamine, dipentylamine, dihexylamine, diheptylamine, dioctylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, tripentylamine, trihexylamine, triheptylamine, and trioctylamine. .
- the acid scavenger examples include phenyl glycidyl ether, butylphenyl glycidyl ether, i-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, sec-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, pentylphenyl glycidyl ether, hexylphenyl glycidyl ether, heptylphenyl Phenyl glycidyl ether such as glycidyl ether, octylphenyl glycidyl ether, nonylphenyl glycidyl ether, decylphenyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, decyl glycidyl ether, undecyl glycidyl ether, dodecyl
- Polyol polyglycidyl ether glycidyl-2-ethylhexanoate, glycidyl-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate, glycidyl decanoate, glycidyl neodecanoate, glycidyl dodecanoate, glycidyl tetradecanoate, Glycidyl esters such as glycidyl benzoate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, 1,2-epoxybutane 1,2-epoxypentane, 1,2-epoxyhexane, 1,2-epoxyheptane, 1,2-epoxyoctane, 1,2-epoxynonane, 1,2-epoxydecane, 1,2-epoxyundecane, 1 , 2-epoxydodecane, 1,2-epoxytridecane, 1,2-epoxytetradecane, 1,2-
- heptane 3- (1,2-epoxyethyl) -7-oxabicyclo [4.1.0] heptane and other cycloaliphatic epoxy compounds, diisopropylcarbodiimide, bis (dipropylphenyl) carbodiimide, bis (dibutylphenyl) ) Carbodiimide such as carbodiimide. *
- Examples of the metal deactivator include benzotriazole, and examples of the antifoaming agent include dimethylsiloxane.
- the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention means a kinematic viscosity measured using a Canon-Fenske viscometer according to the method of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K2283: 2000.
- the water content of the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 ppm or less, more preferably 100 ppm or less, further preferably 70 ppm or less, and 50 ppm or less based on the total amount of refrigerating machine oil. Most preferably.
- the moisture content is required to be low from the viewpoint of the influence on the thermal and chemical stability and electrical insulation of the refrigerator oil.
- the acid value of the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 mgKOH / g or less, more preferably 0.05 mgKOH / g or less.
- the acid value is required to be low in order to promote the corrosion of the metal used in the refrigerating machine or the piping and the decomposition of the ester contained in the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention.
- the acid value means an acid value measured according to the method of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K2501: 2003.
- volume resistivity Electrical insulation is generally represented by volume resistivity.
- the volume resistivity of the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 12 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 13 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more. Most preferably, it is 0 ⁇ 10 14 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more. In particular, high electrical insulation tends to be required when used in a closed refrigerator.
- the volume resistivity means a value at 30 ° C. measured according to the method of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) C2101: 1999.
- the pour point of the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. or lower, more preferably ⁇ 30 ° C. or lower, and most preferably ⁇ 40 ° C. or lower.
- the pour point means a value measured according to the method of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K2269: 1987.
- JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
- a characteristic (low-temperature characteristic) that does not solidify or precipitate at about ⁇ 20 ° C. is required together with a low pour point. .
- the pour points of base oils 1 to 4 (described later) of Examples 1 to 4 which are one form of the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention were ⁇ 40 ° C. or lower.
- the pour point of the base oil 6 (described later) of Comparative Example 2 was 0 ° C. Further, when the base oils 1 to 4 were allowed to stand at ⁇ 20 ° C. for 24 hours, no solidification or precipitation was observed, and good low temperature characteristics were exhibited.
- the 2-propylheptanoic acid that is a raw material of the ester according to the present invention may contain a compound having an unsaturated bond that is generated during the production process of 2-propylheptanoic acid as an impurity.
- the iodine value of the ester according to the present invention is preferably 0.1 (Ig / 100 g) or less, more preferably 0.07 (Ig / 100 g) or less, and 0.05 (Ig / 100 g).
- the iodine value means an iodine value measured according to the method of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K0070: 1992 except that the sample amount is 20 g.
- HFO-1234ze has a molecular structure having an unsaturated bond
- oxidative decomposition occurs due to the mixing of oxygen to generate an acid.
- the generated acid increases the acid value of the refrigerating machine oil and promotes the corrosion of the metal and the decomposition of the ester contained in the refrigerating machine oil as described above. Therefore, high thermal and chemical stability is required for the refrigerating machine oil used together with the HFO-1234ze refrigerant.
- the thermal and chemical stability of the refrigerating machine oil is assumed to include, for example, refrigerant in the pressure vessel, refrigerating machine oil, metal used in the refrigerating machine (iron, copper, aluminum, etc.), and sometimes mixed into the refrigerant circulation cycle. It is possible to evaluate by observing the state of the encapsulated material after the test after enclosing the moisture, air and the like, applying heat and conducting an accelerated deterioration test.
- a metal deactivator (benzotriazole or the like) is added to the refrigerating machine oil.
- a metal deactivator benzotriazole or the like
- the strength of the adsorptive property of the metal deactivator to the metal surface is, for example, “Molecular Design of Friction Modifier (2nd Report)”, “Tribologist”, Vol. 38, No. 3 (1993), p247- It can be measured with reference to the method described in H.253.
- the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention contains a metal deactivator, the resorbability of the metal deactivator on the metal surface is excellent.
- Refrigerator oil used together with HFO-1234ze refrigerant is required to have excellent refrigerant compatibility. If the refrigerant compatibility is poor, the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil may undergo phase separation, causing problems such as poor lubrication in the refrigerant compressor due to the refrigerating machine oil from the refrigerant compressor remaining in the refrigerant circulation cycle. There is sex.
- Refrigerant compatibility is generally expressed using the two-layer separation temperature. It can be said that the lower the two-layer separation temperature, the better the compatibility on the low temperature side.
- the two-layer separation temperature is preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. or lower.
- the two-layer separation temperature means a value measured according to the method of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K2211: 2009 using HFO-1234ze as a refrigerant.
- Refrigerating machine oil used together with HFO-1234ze refrigerant is required to have excellent lubricity.
- the lubricity include wear reduction (abrasion resistance), extreme pressure, and friction reduction.
- the lubricity of refrigerating machine oil in the presence of refrigerant can be determined, for example, by using a sealed pressurization type block-on-ring frictional wear tester (manufactured by FALEX) whose sliding part is housed in a pressure vessel. It can be evaluated by a friction and wear test with reference to D2714.
- the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention is usually present in the form of a working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine mixed with HFO-1234ze refrigerant in a refrigerant circulation cycle of the refrigerating machine or the like.
- the mixing ratio of the refrigerating machine oil and the refrigerant in this fluid composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 1000 parts by weight of the refrigerating machine oil of the present invention with respect to 100 parts by weight of the refrigerant, and 2 to 800 parts by weight. Is more preferable.
- the refrigerating machine oil and the working fluid composition for the refrigerating machine of the present invention are preferably used for room air conditioners, packaged air conditioners, car air conditioners, dehumidifiers, refrigerators, freezers, freezer refrigerators, vending machines, showcases, refrigerators for chemical plants, and the like. Used.
- Example 1 to 4 Comparative Examples 1 to 6
- Example 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 the following evaluation tests were conducted using the following base oils 1 to 10 as refrigerating machine oils.
- Various properties of the obtained refrigerating machine oil are shown in Table 1.
- reaction product was purified by distillation (bp: 100 ° C./1.3 kPa) to obtain 1238 g of 2-propyl-2-heptenal.
- (2) Production of 2-propylheptanal An autoclave was charged with 431 g of 2-propyl-2-heptenal and 2 g of 5% Pd carbon powder (56% water-containing product, manufactured by N.E. Chemcat) under a pressure of 1.5 MPa of hydrogen. , And stirred at 75 ° C. for 4.5 hours. Subsequently, the reaction product was filtered through a membrane filter (PTFE, 0.5 ⁇ m) to obtain 430 g of 2-propylheptanal.
- PTFE 0.5 ⁇ m
- reaction product was washed with 270 mL of an alkaline aqueous solution containing sodium hydroxide twice as much as the acid value of the reaction product at 90 ° C. for 2 hours. The reaction product was then washed 3 times with 270 mL of water at 90 ° C. for 1 hour. Then, the reaction product was dried by stirring at 90 ° C. for 0.5 hours under reduced pressure of 0.6 kPa while performing nitrogen bubbling.
- Base oil 1 150 g
- base oil 2 50 g
- the water content of the base oil 3 was 48 ppm
- the iodine value was 0.05 (Ig / 100 g).
- Base oil 1 (78 g) and base oil 2 (122 g) were mixed using a mixer at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain base oil 4.
- the water content of the base oil 4 was 50 ppm, and the iodine value was 0.05 (Ig / 100 g).
- 2-ethylhexanoic acid / 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid (integrated value of peak A ⁇ integrated value of peak B) / integrated value of peak B)
- peak A is a peak of one hydrogen atom on the low magnetic field side of 2-methylhexane among peaks of hydrogen atoms on the ⁇ -position methylene group of carbonyl group in 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid.
- peak B is on the methylene group at the ⁇ -position of the carbonyl group in 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid.
- Base oil 6 150 g
- base oil 9 50 g
- the two-layer separation temperature of the refrigerating machine oil was measured according to the method of JIS K2211: 2009. 0.4 g of refrigerating machine oil and 3.6 g of HFO-1234ze (Honeywell) were sealed in a pressure resistant glass tube, and the mixture was cooled from 30 ° C. at a rate of 0.5 ° C. per minute. The temperature at which the mixture separated into two layers or became cloudy was defined as the two-layer separation temperature. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the lubricity of the refrigerating machine oil was evaluated by a friction and wear test with reference to ASTM D2714. Using a hermetically pressurized block-on-ring friction and wear tester (manufactured by FALEX) whose sliding part is housed in a pressure vessel, 100 ml of refrigerating machine oil is put into the pressure vessel and the absolute pressure is 600 kPa. Thus, a frictional wear test was conducted under the following conditions while introducing HFO-1234ze (manufactured by Honeywell) into the gas phase.
- the refrigerating machine oils of Examples 1 to 4 are excellent in refrigerant compatibility, lubricity and thermal / chemical stability when used together with the HFO-1234ze refrigerant. I understand.
- the refrigeration oils of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, 5 and 6 showed seizure in the evaluation of lubricity, and the refrigeration oil of Comparative Example 4 showed no seizure, but the refrigerations of Examples 1 to 4 Compared to machine oil, the wear scar width is large, and it can be said that the wear resistance is inferior to the refrigeration oils of Examples 1 to 4.
- the refrigerating machine oil of Comparative Example 4 has a large increase in acid value after heating and inferior thermal and chemical stability compared to the refrigerating machine oils of Examples 1 to 4. I can say that.
- Refrigerating machine oils were prepared by mixing benzotriazole with the base oils of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 3, and the following evaluation tests were performed.
- (Evaluation of adsorptivity of benzotriazole) 1) Measuring method of 1 H-NMR Measuring apparatus: JNM-ECA500 (500 MHz) manufactured by JEOL Ltd. Sample preparation: 0.1 g of measurement sample, 1 g of CDCl 3 and 0.04 to 0.05 g of D 2 O are mixed.
- Pre-adsorption ratio integrated value of peak C / integrated value of peak D
- peak C corresponds to a hydrogen atom on the 5th and 6th carbon atoms of benzotriazole
- peak D is on the methylene group in pentaerythritol.
- the peak of the hydrogen atom, the peak appearing on the low magnetic field side of the two peaks derived from the hydrogen atom on the methylene group in dipentaerythritol, or the peak of the hydrogen atom on the methylene group in pentaerythritol and the methylene in dipentaerythritol This corresponds to the sum of the two peaks derived from hydrogen atoms on the group and the peak appearing on the low magnetic field side.
- the refrigerating machine oil of Example 1 has an adsorption rate of 37%
- the refrigerating machine oil of Example 2 has an adsorption rate of 32%
- the refrigerating machine oil of Example 3 has an adsorption rate of 35%.
- the refrigerating machine oil of Example 4 had an adsorption rate of 32%.
- the refrigerating machine oil of Comparative Example 3 had an adsorption rate of 14%.
- the refrigerating machine oils of Examples 1 to 4 efficiently adsorb benzotriazole, which is a metal deactivator, to the metal surface, so that high heat and chemical stability is required.
- a refrigerating machine oil for HFO-1234ze refrigerant that is excellent in refrigerant compatibility, lubricity, thermal and chemical stability, and a working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine using the same.
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Abstract
Description
実施例1~4および比較例1~6においては、それぞれ以下に示す基油1~10を冷凍機油として、以下に示す評価試験を実施した。得られた冷凍機油の各種性状を表1に示す。
基油1:ペンタエリスリトールと2-プロピルヘプタン酸とのエステル
基油2:ジペンタエリスリトールと2-プロピルヘプタン酸とのエステル
基油3:基油1と基油2の混合物(混合比(重量比):基油1/基油2=75/25)
基油4:基油1と基油2の混合物(混合比(重量比):基油1/基油2=39/61)
基油5:ペンタエリスリトールと3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸とのエステル
基油6:ペンタエリスリトールと2-エチルヘキサン酸とのエステル
基油7:ペンタエリスリトールと、2-エチルヘキサン酸および3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合カルボン酸とのエステル(エステルへの酸導入比(モル比):2-エチルヘキサン酸/3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸=49/51)
基油8:ジペンタエリスリトールと、2-エチルヘキサン酸および3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合カルボン酸とのエステル(エステルへの酸導入比(モル比):2-エチルヘキサン酸/3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸=49/51)
基油9:ジペンタエリスリトールと2-エチルヘキサン酸とのエステル
基油10:基油6と基油9の混合物(混合比(重量比):基油6/基油9=75/25)
[2-プロピルヘプタン酸の製造]
(1)2-プロピル-2-ヘプテナールの製造
滴下漏斗および冷却管の付いた反応器に水酸化ナトリウム14g(0.3モル、関東化学社製)と水340mLを仕込み、80℃で撹拌しながら、滴下漏斗からn-バレルアルデヒド1478g(17.2モル、東洋合成工業社製)を4.5時間かけて滴下した。さらに、90℃で2時間撹拌した後、反応生成物から水層を除去した。次いで、反応生成物を蒸留精製(b.p.:100℃/1.3kPa)することにより、2-プロピル-2-ヘプテナールを1238g得た。
(2)2-プロピルヘプタナールの製造
オートクレーブに2-プロピル-2-ヘプテナール431gと5%Pdカーボン粉末2g(56%含水品、エヌ・イー ケムキャット社製)を仕込み、水素1.5MPaの加圧下、75℃で4.5時間撹拌した。次いで、反応生成物をメンブレンフィルター(PTFE、0.5μm)で濾過することにより、2-プロピルヘプタナールを430g得た。
(3)2-プロピルヘプタン酸の製造
反応器に25%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液25g、2-プロピルヘプタナール1232gを加え、40℃で20時間空気バブリングを行なった。窒素バブリングに切り替え、120℃で5時間撹拌することにより、2-プロピルヘプタン酸の粗体を1300g得た。得られた2-プロピルヘプタン酸の粗体1300gを蒸留し、低沸点成分(80℃/0.8kPa~140℃/0.4kPa)186gを除去後、本留分(b.p.:133℃/0.2kPa~138℃/0.3kPa)を取得することで、2-プロピルヘプタン酸を958g得た。
1H-NMR(日本電子社製GSX-400(400MHz)、CDCl3、δppm);0.88(t、3H)、0.92(t、3H)、1.29~1.50(m、10H)、1.58~1.67(m、2H)、2.33~2.40(m、1H)
ディーンスタークトラップの付いた反応器にペンタエリスリトール155g(1.1モル、広栄パーストープ社製、製品名:ペンタリット-S)および2-プロピルヘプタン酸944g(5.5モル、製造例)を仕込み、混合物を撹拌しながら27kPaの減圧下、室温で15分間窒素バブリングを行うことにより混合物を脱気した。
次いで、常圧下、窒素バブリングを行いながら混合物を216~252℃で25時間撹拌した。反応後、反応生成物を0.7~1.0kPaの減圧下、232~241℃で3時間撹拌することにより、反応生成物中の未反応のカルボン酸を留去した。反応生成物を、該反応生成物の酸価に対して2倍モルの水酸化ナトリウムを含むアルカリ水溶液270mLで、90℃で2時間洗浄した。次いで、反応生成物を、水270mLで、90℃で1時間、3回洗浄した。次いで、窒素バブリングを行いながら反応生成物を0.6kPaの減圧下、90℃で0.5時間撹拌することにより反応生成物を乾燥した。
反応生成物に吸着剤5.2g(協和化学工業社製、製品名:キョーワード500)および活性炭17.2g(日本エンバイロケミカルズ社製、製品名:白鷺P)を添加し、窒素バブリングを行いながら反応生成物を0.4kPaの減圧下、90℃で1時間撹拌した後、あらかじめ減圧乾燥しておいた濾過助剤(昭和化学工業社製、製品名:ラヂオライト#500)を用いて、窒素雰囲気下で濾過することにより、基油1を764g得た。基油1の水分量は42ppmであり、ヨウ素価は0.04(Ig/100g)であった。
ペンタエリスリトールの代わりにジペンタエリスリトール(広栄パーストープ社製、製品名:ジ・ペンタリット)を用い、ジペンタエリスリトールおよび2-プロピルヘプタン酸の使用量のモル比(ジペンタエリスリトール/2-プロピルヘプタン酸比)を1/7.2にする以外は、基油1の製造例と同様に操作して、基油2を得た。基油2の水分量は47ppmであり、ヨウ素価は0.05(Ig/100g)であった。
基油1(150g)と基油2(50g)を、窒素雰囲気下、室温で、ミキサーを用いて混合し、基油3を得た。基油3の水分量は48ppmであり、ヨウ素価は0.05(Ig/100g)であった。
基油1(78g)と基油2(122g)を、窒素雰囲気下、室温で、ミキサーを用いて混合し、基油4を得た。基油4の水分量は50ppmであり、ヨウ素価は0.05(Ig/100g)であった。
2-プロピルヘプタン酸の代わりに3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸(KHネオケム社製)を用い、ペンタエリスリトールおよび3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸の使用量のモル比(ペンタエリスリトール/3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸比)を1/4.8にする以外は、基油1の製造例と同様に操作して、基油5を得た。
2-プロピルヘプタン酸の代わりに2-エチルヘキサン酸(KHネオケム社製)を用い、ペンタエリスリトールおよび2-エチルヘキサン酸の使用量のモル比(ペンタエリスリトール/2-エチルヘキサン酸比)を1/4.8にする以外は、基油1の製造例と同様に操作して、基油6を得た。
2-プロピルヘプタン酸の代わりに、2-エチルヘキサン酸(KHネオケム社製)および3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸(KHネオケム社製)の混合カルボン酸を用い、ペンタエリスリトール、2-エチルヘキサン酸および3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸の使用量のモル比(ペンタエリスリトール/2-エチルヘキサン酸/3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸比)を1/2.5/2.3にする以外は、基油1の製造例と同様に操作して、基油7を得た。
2-エチルヘキサン酸/3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸=(ピークAの積分値-ピークBの積分値)/ピークBの積分値)
ここで、ピークAは、3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸におけるカルボニル基のα位のメチレン基上の水素原子のピークのうち、低磁場側の水素原子1個分のピークと2-エチルヘキサン酸のカルボニル基のα位のメチン基上の水素原子1個分のピークとの合計に相当し、ピークBは、3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸におけるカルボニル基のα位のメチレン基上の水素原子のピークのうち、高磁場側の水素原子1個分のピークに相当する。
ペンタエリスリトールの代わりにジペンタエリスリトール(広栄パーストープ社製、製品名:ジ・ペンタリット)を用い、2-プロピルヘプタン酸の代わりに2-エチルヘキサン酸(KHネオケム社製)および3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸(KHネオケム社製)の混合カルボン酸を用い、ジペンタエリスリトール、2-エチルヘキサン酸および3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸の使用量のモル比(ジペンタエリスリトール/2-エチルヘキサン酸/3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸比)を1/3.6/3.6にする以外は、基油1の製造例と同様に操作して、基油8を得た。
2-エチルヘキサン酸/3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸=(ピークAの積分値-ピークBの積分値)/ピークBの積分値)
ここで、ピークAおよびピークBは前記と同義である。
ペンタエリスリトールの代わりにジペンタエリスリトール(広栄パーストープ社製、製品名:ジ・ペンタリット)を用い、2-プロピルヘプタン酸の代わりに2-エチルヘキサン酸(KHネオケム社製)を用い、ジペンタエリスリトールおよび2-エチルヘキサン酸の使用量のモル比(ジペンタエリスリトール/2-エチルヘキサン酸比)を1/9.0にする以外は、基油1の製造例と同様に操作して、基油9を得た。
基油6(150g)と基油9(50g)を、窒素雰囲気下、室温で、ミキサーを用いて混合し、基油10を得た。
JIS K2211:2009の方法に準じて冷凍機油の二層分離温度を測定した。冷凍機油0.4gとHFO-1234ze(ハネウェル社製)3.6gとを耐圧ガラス管に封入し、その混合物を30℃から毎分0.5℃の速度で冷却した。該混合物が二層分離または白濁する温度を二層分離温度とした。結果を表1に示す。
ASTM D2714を参考にした摩擦摩耗試験により、冷凍機油の潤滑性を評価した。摺動部が耐圧容器に格納されている密閉加圧型のブロック・オン・リング型摩擦摩耗試験機(FALEX社製)を使用して、該耐圧容器に冷凍機油を100ml入れ、絶対圧力が600kPaになるように気相部にHFO-1234ze(ハネウェル社製)を導入しながら以下の条件で摩擦摩耗試験を実施した。摩擦摩耗試験後のブロック試験片の摩耗痕を観察し、焼付きが見られなかったものを「○」、焼付きが見られたものを「×」とした。ここで、焼付きとは、摩擦面が溶着を起こし、面荒れを生じている状態をいう。また、焼付きが見られなかったものについては、ブロック試験片の摩耗痕幅を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
<条件>
試験材:リング(FALEX Type S-10)、ブロック(FALEX Type H-60)
試験開始温度:60℃
試験時間:1時間
すべり速度:0.5m/s
荷重:800N
冷媒雰囲気の絶対圧力:600kPa
JIS K2211:2009の方法に準じて、冷凍機油の熱・化学的安定性を評価した。200mlオートクレーブに、水分を1000ppmに調製した冷凍機油30g、触媒(鉄、銅、アルミの各線)を入れ、真空ポンプを用いて容器内を減圧脱気した後、さらに、HFO-1234ze(ハネウェル社製)30g、空気20mlを封入した。オートクレーブ全体を175℃で168時間加熱した後の冷凍機油の酸価を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
(ベンゾトリアゾールの吸着性の評価)
1)1H‐NMRの測定方法
測定機器;日本電子社製JNM-ECA500(500MHz)
サンプル調製;測定試料0.1gと、CDCl31gと、D2O0.04~0.05gとを混合
積算回数;128回
ベンゾトリアゾールを含有する冷凍機油における、ベンゾトリアゾールの金属表面への吸着性を評価した。
基油1~4および比較例3のそれぞれに濃度が0.5重量%となるようにベンゾトリアゾール(アルドリッチ社製)を溶解させ、冷凍機油を調製し、該冷凍機油を1H‐NMR測定して、以下の式により吸着前比率を算出した。
吸着前比率=ピークCの積分値/ピークDの積分値
ここで、ピークCはベンゾトリアゾールの5位と6位の炭素原子上の水素原子に相当し、ピークDはペンタエリスリトールにおけるメチレン基上の水素原子のピーク、ジペンタエリスリトールにおけるメチレン基上の水素原子に由来する2本のピークのうち低磁場側に現れるピーク、または、ペンタエリスリトールにおけるメチレン基上の水素原子のピークとジペンタエリスリトールにおけるメチレン基上の水素原子に由来する2本のピークのうち低磁場側に現れるピークとの合計に相当する。
20mlサンプルビンに、該冷凍機油10gと酸化鉄(アルドリッチ社製,粒径<5μm)5gを入れ、ウォーターバスに浸して60℃で30分間加熱した。次いで、ミキサーで撹拌した後、室温で30分間静置し、さらに遠心分離機で酸化鉄を沈降させた。上澄み液を1H‐NMR測定して、以下の式により吸着後比率を算出した。
吸着後比率=ピークCの積分値/ピークDの積分値
ここで、ピークCおよびピークDは前記と同義である。
続いて、ベンゾトリアゾールの酸化鉄への吸着率を以下の式により算出した。
吸着率(%)=(1-吸着後比率/吸着前比率)×100
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/896,949 US9546334B2 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2014-07-31 | Refrigerating machine oil, and working fluid composition for refrigerating machine which is produced using same |
CN201480043068.6A CN105431507A (zh) | 2013-07-31 | 2014-07-31 | 冷冻机油及使用该冷冻机油的冷冻机用工作流体组合物 |
JP2015529617A JPWO2015016314A1 (ja) | 2013-07-31 | 2014-07-31 | 冷凍機油およびそれを用いた冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
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JP6115565B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-23 | 2017-04-19 | Khネオケム株式会社 | 混合エステル |
JP6033262B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-25 | 2016-11-30 | 株式会社デンソー | 冷凍機用作動流体組成物及び冷凍機油 |
FR3139342A1 (fr) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-03-08 | Pascal RETOU | Fluide caloporteur pour des systèmes de réfrigération embarqués. |
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2014
- 2014-07-31 US US14/896,949 patent/US9546334B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-07-31 JP JP2015529617A patent/JPWO2015016314A1/ja not_active Abandoned
- 2014-07-31 CN CN201480043068.6A patent/CN105431507A/zh active Pending
- 2014-07-31 WO PCT/JP2014/070220 patent/WO2015016314A1/ja active Application Filing
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US9546334B2 (en) | 2017-01-17 |
US20160168500A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
CN105431507A (zh) | 2016-03-23 |
JPWO2015016314A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
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