WO2015011882A1 - Dispositif de soudage - Google Patents

Dispositif de soudage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015011882A1
WO2015011882A1 PCT/JP2014/003580 JP2014003580W WO2015011882A1 WO 2015011882 A1 WO2015011882 A1 WO 2015011882A1 JP 2014003580 W JP2014003580 W JP 2014003580W WO 2015011882 A1 WO2015011882 A1 WO 2015011882A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
output
welding
unit
current
voltage
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PCT/JP2014/003580
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
田中　義朗
芳行 田畑
信介 島林
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 filed Critical パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority to CN201480022882.XA priority Critical patent/CN105142840B/zh
Priority to JP2015528129A priority patent/JP6417545B2/ja
Priority to EP14829120.6A priority patent/EP3025816B1/fr
Priority to US14/787,682 priority patent/US10239144B2/en
Publication of WO2015011882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015011882A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/06—Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
    • B23K9/073—Stabilising the arc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/09—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
    • B23K9/0953—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using computing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/10—Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
    • B23K9/1006—Power supply
    • B23K9/1043—Power supply characterised by the electric circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33515—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with digital control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a welding apparatus that performs arc welding using inverter control.
  • a welding apparatus that performs arc welding using inverter control has an inverter circuit of a full bridge configuration or a half bridge configuration.
  • a power semiconductor such as an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) or a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) is used as a switching element constituting the bridge.
  • the power semiconductor is usually driven at an inverter frequency of about several kHz to 400 kHz, and a welding output can be obtained by controlling a primary current conduction width of a transformer connected to the inverter circuit.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • a welding apparatus 101 includes a primary rectifier 118, a smoothing capacitor 119, a switching unit 102, a transformer 120, a secondary rectifier 121, a current detector 103, a setting unit 108, and a control.
  • the switching unit 102 includes a first switching element TR1, a second switching element TR2, a third switching element TR3, and a fourth switching element TR4.
  • the control unit 105 includes an output comparison unit 109 and a calculation unit 110.
  • the welding apparatus 101 is connected to an external device 126 such as a switchboard and supplied with electric power. Moreover, the base material 122 and the torch 123 are connected to the welding apparatus 101, and the welding output is output.
  • the torch 123 has an electrode 124.
  • the welding output of the welding apparatus 101 is supplied to the electrode 124 and the base material 122, an arc 125 is generated between the electrode 124 and the base material 122, and the base material 122 is welded.
  • the welding output is a general term for the welding current and welding voltage output from the welding apparatus.
  • the AC voltage fed from the external device 126 to the welding apparatus 101 is rectified by the primary rectification unit 118 and converted to a DC voltage by the smoothing capacitor 119.
  • the DC voltage output from the smoothing capacitor 119 is converted into a high-frequency AC voltage suitable for welding by driving the inverter of the switching unit 102.
  • the high-frequency AC voltage converted by the switching unit 102 is supplied to the transformer 120 and transformed.
  • the switching unit 102 includes first to fourth switching elements TR1 to TR4 that are IGBTs. In the first switching element TR1 to the fourth switching element TR4, on / off of a switch is controlled by a PWM method based on a command from the driving unit 107, and the switching unit 102 performs an inverter operation.
  • the high-frequency AC voltage output from the transformer 120 is rectified by the secondary rectification unit 121 configured by a diode or the like.
  • One of the outputs of the welding apparatus 101 is supplied to an electrode 124 that is a consumable electrode wire via a power feed tip (not shown) provided inside the torch 123.
  • the consumable electrode wire is fed to the torch 123 by a feed motor (not shown).
  • the other output of the welding apparatus 101 is supplied to the base material 122. Then, a voltage is applied between the tip of the electrode 124 and the base material 122 to generate an arc 125, and the base material 122 is welded.
  • a current detection unit 103 composed of CT (Current Transformer) or the like detects and outputs a welding current.
  • the setting unit 108 outputs an appropriate setting current or the like according to the setting output.
  • the control unit 105 receives the set current output from the setting unit 108 and the welding current output from the current detection unit 103.
  • the output comparison unit 109 of the control unit 105 calculates and outputs the current difference between the set current and the welding current, and the calculation unit 110 of the control unit 105 calculates the output ON section of the switching unit 102 based on the current difference. ,Output. In this manner, the control unit 105 outputs an appropriate output ON section to the drive unit 107 by performing feedback control of the welding current.
  • the driving unit 107 performs pulse control of the switching unit 102 based on the cycle determined by the reference triangular wave generated by the triangular wave generating unit 127 and the output ON section output from the calculating unit 110 of the control unit 105.
  • the pulses that the drive unit 107 controls the switching unit 102 are separated into two systems every other pulse. Specifically, the drive unit 107 outputs two systems of pulses, a first drive signal and a second drive signal, to the switching unit 102.
  • the triangular wave generator 127 generates a reference triangular wave, and the reference triangular wave is a waveform that determines the inverter frequency.
  • the drive unit 107 alternately outputs two systems of drive signals whose pulse widths are controlled at a cycle that is the reciprocal of the inverter frequency.
  • the first drive signal controls ON / OFF by synchronizing the first switching element TR1 and the fourth switching element TR4.
  • the second drive signal controls on / off by synchronizing the second switching element TR2 and the third switching element TR3.
  • the inverter frequency is fixed by the reference triangular wave output from the triangular wave generator 127. Further, when the output ON section is increased, the Joule heat generated in the switching unit 102 is increased. It is necessary to suppress heat generation due to switching loss in consideration of the maximum value of Joule heat, and the inverter frequency to be fixed is limited to a certain height.
  • This disclosure provides a high-performance welding apparatus that can change the inverter frequency in accordance with the output ON section.
  • the welding apparatus of the present disclosure includes a switching unit, a setting unit, an output detection unit, a control unit, a frequency control unit, and a drive unit.
  • the switching unit includes a switching element.
  • the setting unit sets a setting output.
  • the output detection unit detects a welding output.
  • the control unit calculates the output on section of the switching unit based on the set output and the welding output.
  • the frequency control unit determines the inverter frequency based on the output ON section.
  • the drive unit controls the on / off operation of the switching elements constituting the switching unit based on the inverter frequency and the output on period. When the output on period is the first ratio, the inverter frequency is the first frequency, and when the output on period is the second ratio smaller than the first ratio, the inverter frequency is the second frequency higher than the first frequency. is there.
  • the welding apparatus can change the inverter frequency in conjunction with the output ON section, high-quality welding can be realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a welding apparatus in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing that the inverter frequency changes stepwise with respect to the output on period in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a temporal change in the output ON period and the drive timing of the switching element in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing that the inverter frequency continuously changes with respect to the output on period in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the welding apparatus in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a waveform of a welding output and signal timing of short-circuit arc welding in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional welding apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a welding apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing that the inverter frequency changes stepwise with respect to the output ON period in the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a time change between the output ON period and the driving timing of the switching element in the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing that the inverter frequency continuously changes with respect to the output ON section in the present embodiment.
  • the welding apparatus 1 includes a primary rectification unit 18, a smoothing capacitor 19, a switching unit 2, a transformer 20, a secondary rectification unit 21, a current detection unit 3, and a setting unit 8. And a control unit 5, a frequency control unit 6, and a drive unit 7.
  • the switching unit 2 includes a first switching element TR1, a second switching element TR2, a third switching element TR3, and a fourth switching element TR4.
  • the control unit 5 includes an output comparison unit 9 and a calculation unit 10.
  • the welding apparatus 1 is connected with an external device 26 such as a switchboard for supplying commercial power (AC 200 V) as an input. Moreover, the base material 22 and the torch 23 are connected to the welding apparatus 1 as an output.
  • the torch 23 has an electrode 24.
  • the welding output of the welding apparatus 1 is supplied between the electrode 24 and the base material 22, an arc 25 is generated between the electrode 24 and the base material 22, and the base material 22 is welded.
  • the welding output is a general term for the welding current and welding voltage output from the welding apparatus.
  • the operation of the welding apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described using a consumable electrode type arc welding apparatus that repeats a short circuit and an arc as an example.
  • the AC voltage fed from the external device 26 to the welding apparatus 1 is rectified by the primary rectification unit 18 and converted to a DC voltage by the smoothing capacitor 19.
  • the primary rectifier 18 is composed of a diode or the like
  • the smoothing capacitor 19 is composed of an electrolytic capacitor or the like.
  • the DC voltage output from the smoothing capacitor 19 is converted into a high-frequency AC voltage suitable for welding by driving the inverter of the switching unit 2.
  • the high-frequency AC voltage converted by the switching unit 2 is supplied to the transformer 20 and transformed.
  • the switching unit 2 includes a first switching element TR1 to a fourth switching element TR4 that are configured of IGBTs. From the first switching element TR1 to the fourth switching element TR4, on / off of the switch is controlled by the PWM method based on a command from the drive unit 7, and an inverter operation is performed.
  • a power semiconductor such as a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) can be used for the switching element.
  • the high-frequency AC voltage output from the transformer 20 is rectified by the secondary rectification unit 21 and output to the base material 22 and the torch 23.
  • One of the outputs of the welding apparatus 1 is positively output to an electrode 24 that is a consumable electrode wire fed by a feed motor (not shown) via a power feed tip (not shown) provided inside the torch 23. Supplied as The other output of the welding apparatus 1 is fed to the base material 22 as a negative output. Then, a DC voltage is applied between the tip of the electrode 24 and the base material 22 to generate an arc 25, and the base material 22 is welded.
  • current feedback control in which the current detection unit 3 is connected in series on the output side connected to the torch 23 to detect the welding current will be described. Note that the current detection unit may be connected in series to the output side connected to the base material 22.
  • voltage feedback control can be performed in which a voltage detector is connected in parallel between the output connected to the base material 22 and the output connected to the torch 23 to detect the welding voltage.
  • the current detection unit and the voltage detection unit are collectively referred to as a detection unit.
  • a current detection unit 3 that is an output detection unit configured by CT (Current Transformer) or the like detects a welding current.
  • the setting unit 8 is input with welding settings by the user, and outputs a set current according to the welding settings.
  • the setting unit 8 also outputs a set voltage, a feed rate of the consumable electrode wire, and the like according to the welding setting.
  • the control unit 5 receives the set current from the setting unit 8 and the welding current from the current detection unit 3.
  • the output comparison unit 9 of the control unit 5 calculates the current difference between the set current and the welding current and outputs it to the calculation unit 10.
  • the calculation unit 10 of the control unit 5 calculates the output ON section of the switching unit 2 based on the current difference output from the output comparison unit 9. Thereby, current feedback control can be performed.
  • the calculation unit 10 has a table, a mathematical expression, or the like in which the current difference between the set current and the welding current is associated with the output on section, and obtains the output on section.
  • the output on period may be determined only by the current difference, but may also be determined in consideration of the rate of change of the current difference. That is, one-to-one correspondence in which one output on section corresponds to one current difference may be made to correspond to one output difference in consideration of a current change rate.
  • the output on period is the ratio of time during which the output is on in one cycle.
  • the output on period is a duty ratio of inverter control.
  • the output on interval is 40% is a state in which the output is on for 40% of one cycle (the output is off for 60% of the time), and the output current is 40% of the maximum current.
  • the output comparison unit 9 calculates a difference as a deviation between the welding current and the set current.
  • the calculation unit 10 calculates the output ON section by proportional control for multiplying the deviation by a proportional gain for deviation amplification.
  • calculation unit 10 may calculate the output ON section using PID control in which proportional control is combined with integral control using integral of deviation and differential control using differential of deviation.
  • the frequency control unit 6 composed of a CPU or the like determines the inverter frequency based on the output on period calculated by the control unit 5 so that the inverter frequency changes according to the output on period. In other words, assuming that the inverter frequency is the first frequency when the output on period is the first ratio, the inverter frequency is higher than the first frequency at the second ratio where the output on period is smaller than the first ratio. 2 frequency.
  • the frequency control unit 6 has a table, a mathematical expression, or the like that associates the output on section and the inverter frequency, and determines the inverter frequency based on the input output on section. One-to-one correspondence is determined in which one inverter frequency is determined for one output ON section.
  • the drive unit 7 Based on the inverter frequency determined by the frequency control unit 6 and the output ON section determined by the control unit 5, the drive unit 7 turns on the first switching element TR1 to the fourth switching element TR4 that constitute the switching unit 2.
  • Control off / off operation Specifically, the on / off operation is controlled based on the cycle obtained from the inverter frequency and the on output time within the cycle obtained from the output on interval.
  • the first predetermined value D1 for example, 60%
  • the second predetermined value D2 for example, 40%
  • the maximum output on period DMAX 100%
  • the inverter frequency is set to the first inverter frequency F1 (for example, 20 kHz).
  • the inverter frequency is set to the second inverter frequency F2 (for example, 40 kHz).
  • the inverter frequency is set to the maximum inverter frequency FMAX (for example, 100 kHz).
  • the first inverter frequency F1 has a first period T1 (for example, 50 ⁇ s)
  • the second inverter frequency F2 has a second period T2 (for example, 25 ⁇ s)
  • the maximum inverter frequency FMAX has a minimum period TMIN (for example, 10 ⁇ s).
  • FIG. 2 shows that the inverter frequency is controlled to change stepwise depending on the output ON period.
  • the time point ED1 is a time point when the output ON interval reaches the first predetermined value D1
  • the time point ED2 indicates a time point when the output ON interval reaches the second predetermined value D2.
  • FIG. 2 is used to explain the control in which the inverter frequency increases stepwise as the output ON interval decreases.
  • the inverter frequency determined by the frequency control unit 6 is the first inverter frequency. F1.
  • the inverter frequency determined by the frequency control unit 6 is the second inverter frequency F2. It becomes.
  • the output ON section calculated by the control unit 5 is 0% or more and less than the second predetermined value D2 (for example, 0% or more and less than 40%)
  • the inverter frequency determined by the frequency control unit 6 is Maximum inverter frequency FMAX.
  • the relationship between the first inverter frequency F1, the second inverter frequency F2, and the maximum inverter frequency FMAX is such that the first inverter frequency F1 is 10 kHz, the second inverter frequency F2 is 20 kHz, and the maximum inverter frequency FMAX is The relationship may be increased by a factor of two, such as 40 kHz. Alternatively, an integer multiple relationship may be used. By changing the inverter frequency by an integral multiple, the control frequency such as feedback can be fixed (for example, fixed at 10 kHz), which is useful.
  • the frequency control unit 6 does not change the inverter frequency while keeping the first inverter frequency F ⁇ b> 1 until the output on period is decreased to the first predetermined value D ⁇ b> 1.
  • the second inverter frequency F2 higher than the first inverter frequency F1 is changed.
  • the maximum inverter frequency FMAX higher than the second inverter frequency F2 is changed.
  • FIG. 3 shows driving waveforms of the switching element in which the signal for turning on the switching element is at a high level and the signal for turning off the switching element is at a low level.
  • the first switching element TR1 and the fourth switching element TR4 operate in synchronization
  • the second switching element TR2 and the third switching element TR3 operate in synchronization.
  • no current flows, and the set of the first switching element TR1 and the fourth switching element TR4 or the set of the second switching element TR2 and the third switching element TR3 Current flows when turned on.
  • the ratio of the time during which one of the switching element groups is turned on in one cycle is the output on period.
  • the first inverter frequency F1 (first period T1) is reached.
  • the first switching element TR1 to the fourth switching element TR4 are driven.
  • the inverter frequency (cycle) is determined by the value of the output ON section at the start of the inverter control cycle, and the switching element operates in the determined cycle.
  • the frequency control unit 6 may control the inverter frequency so as to continuously change depending on the output ON section, as shown in FIG.
  • the inverter frequency is the first inverter frequency F1 (for example, 20 kHz)
  • the inverter frequency is the maximum inverter frequency. It shows that it is FMAX.
  • the inverter frequency control by the output ON section may be combined with a step change and a continuous change.
  • the inverter frequency is set higher when the output ON interval becomes smaller. That is, when the Joule heat generation is small because the output ON section is small, the inverter frequency can be increased because there is a margin in the heat generation due to the switching loss. Thereby, the ripple rate of a welding voltage can also be made low and a high performance welding apparatus is realizable. Furthermore, since the amount of heat generated in the entire switching unit can be stabilized by the inverter frequency, the necessary minimum heat countermeasure can be taken.
  • the optimum inverter frequency can always be realized by continuously changing the inverter frequency.
  • the inverter control method has been described using the PWM method.
  • other systems that perform output control based on the inverter frequency such as a phase shift system, may be used.
  • a consumable electrode type arc welding apparatus has been described as the welding apparatus 1.
  • the welding apparatus 1 uses inverter control, other welding apparatuses such as a TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding apparatus may be used.
  • TIG Tungsten Inert Gas
  • the current feedback control using only the current detection unit as the output detection unit has been described.
  • a voltage detection unit may be used as the output detection unit, and voltage feedback control may be performed using the setting voltage from the setting unit 8 and the welding voltage detected by the voltage detection unit.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the welding apparatus 1 of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the waveform of the welding output and the signal timing of the short-circuit arc welding according to the present embodiment.
  • the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the main differences from the first embodiment are the point where the voltage detection unit 4 is provided and the configuration and operation of the control unit 5.
  • the welding apparatus 1 includes a voltage detection unit 4 that detects the welding voltage of the welding apparatus 1.
  • the current detector 3 and the voltage detector 4 are collectively referred to as an output detector.
  • the control unit 5 of the welding apparatus 1 includes an output comparison unit 9 and a calculation unit 10.
  • the output comparison unit 9 includes a first comparison unit 11 (current comparison unit) and a second comparison unit 12 (voltage comparison unit) configured by a CPU or the like.
  • the calculation unit 10 includes a first calculation unit 13, a second calculation unit 14, a third calculation unit 15, a welding state determination unit 16, and a switching unit 17 configured by a CPU or the like.
  • the operation of a consumable electrode type arc welding apparatus that performs welding by repeatedly performing a short circuit and an arc will be described.
  • the current detector 3 composed of CT or the like detects and outputs a welding current.
  • the voltage detector 4 connected in parallel between the electrode 24 and the base material 22 detects and outputs a welding voltage.
  • the control unit 5 receives a welding current from the current detection unit 3, a welding voltage from the voltage detection unit 4, and a set voltage and a set current from the setting unit 8. And the control part 5 outputs an appropriate output ON area by the process mentioned later.
  • the set current from the setting unit 8 and the welding current from the current detection unit 3 are input to the first comparison unit 11 of the control unit 5.
  • the first comparison unit 11 calculates the current difference between the set current and the welding current and outputs the difference to the first calculation unit 13. Thereby, current feedback control can be performed.
  • the first calculation unit 13 of the calculation unit 10 calculates the first output ON section based on the current difference from the first comparison unit 11 and outputs the first output ON section to the switching unit 17.
  • the set voltage from the setting unit 8 and the welding voltage from the voltage detection unit 4 are input to the second comparison unit 12 of the control unit 5.
  • the second comparison unit 12 calculates a voltage difference between the set voltage and the welding voltage and outputs the voltage difference to the second calculation unit 14. Thereby, voltage feedback control can be performed.
  • the second calculation unit 14 of the calculation unit 10 calculates the second ON section based on the voltage difference from the second comparison unit 12 and outputs it to the switching unit 17.
  • the third calculation unit 15 of the calculation unit 10 receives a setting output from the setting unit 8 (for example, a setting current, a setting voltage, and a threshold value for determining a welding state).
  • the setting output is a fixed value, and the third calculation unit 15 calculates a third output ON section based on the setting output and outputs the third output ON section to the switching unit 17.
  • the welding state determination unit 16 of the calculation unit 10 includes a welding current from the current detection unit 3, a welding voltage from the voltage detection unit 4, and a setting output from the setting unit 8 (for example, a setting current, a setting voltage, and a welding state). Threshold value for determination) is input.
  • the welding state determination unit 16 determines whether the welding of the base material 22 by the electrode 24 is in a short circuit state, an arc state, a constriction that is a symptom of short circuit opening, or an overcurrent state. And output to the switching unit 17.
  • the switching unit 17 switches to any one of the first output on section, the second output on section, and the third output on section based on the determination of the welding state determination section 16, and controls the control section 5 as an output on section. To the outside.
  • the switching unit 17 when the determination by the welding state determination unit 16 is a short circuit state, the switching unit 17 outputs the first output on section as the output on section. That is, current feedback control is performed. When the determination by the welding state determination unit 16 is the arc state, the switching unit 17 outputs the second output on section as the output on section. That is, voltage feedback control is performed. When the determination by the welding state determination unit 16 is a state in which constriction has occurred and in an overcurrent state, the switching unit 17 outputs the third output on section as an output on section. That is, feedback control is not performed.
  • the welding state is a short circuit state.
  • a reference value for example, 5.0 V
  • the welding state is an arc state.
  • the welding voltage is in a short-circuit state and the differential value of the welding voltage is higher than a reference value (for example, 1.0 V / msec) set by the setting unit 8, it is determined that the welding state is a constricted state. Is done.
  • the welding current exceeds a reference value (for example, 600 A) set by the setting unit 8, it is determined that the welding state is an overcurrent state.
  • the top of FIG. 6 shows the waveform of the welding current by the current detector 3
  • the second from the top shows the waveform of the welding voltage by the voltage detector 4.
  • the third to fifth from the top in FIG. 6 are a short-circuit / arc determination signal, a constriction determination signal, and an overcurrent determination signal by the welding state determination unit 16 in order.
  • 6 to 8 from the top in FIG. 6 are signals that are switched by the switching unit 17 in order, and are switching signals among the first signal S1, the second signal S2, and the third signal S3.
  • the first signal S1 is a signal indicating that the switching unit 17 switches to the first output on section
  • the second signal S2 is a signal indicating that the switching section 17 switches to the second output on section
  • the third signal S3 is a signal indicating that the switching unit 17 switches to the third output ON section.
  • time points E1, E3, and E6 are times when a short circuit occurs.
  • Times E2 and E5 are times when arcs are generated.
  • Time point E4 is a time point when the constriction occurs.
  • Time point E7 is a time point when it is determined that the current is in an overcurrent state.
  • FIG. 6 shows an overcurrent determination value IOC (for example, 600 A) and a short circuit / arc determination value VAS (for example, 5.0 V).
  • IOC overcurrent determination value
  • VAS short circuit / arc determination value
  • the short / arc determination signal when the signal is at a high level (upper side), it indicates an arc state, and when the signal is at a low level (lower side), it indicates a short circuit state.
  • a squeezing determination signal the signal is in a constricted state when the signal is at a high level, and is not in the constricted state when the signal is at a low level.
  • the overcurrent determination signal when the signal is at a high level, the overcurrent state is indicated, and when the signal is at a low level, the overcurrent state is indicated.
  • the first signal S1, the second signal S2, and the third signal S3 are switched (selected) when the signal is at a high level, and when the signal is at a low level.
  • the first signal S1 to the third signal S3 are sent from the welding state determination unit 16 to the switching unit 17, and the switching unit 17 performs the first output on section to the third output on based on these signals. Switch (select) one of the sections and output.
  • the welding voltage falls below the short circuit / arc determination value VAS, and the short circuit / arc determination becomes a short circuit state (indicated by a low level).
  • the first signal S1 becomes high level, and current feedback control is performed.
  • the setting unit 8 outputs a set current having a predetermined inclination (for example, 200 A / msec) and performs appropriate short-circuit welding control.
  • the welding voltage exceeds the short circuit / arc determination value VAS, and the short circuit / arc determination is in an arc state (indicated by a high level).
  • the second signal S2 becomes high level, and voltage feedback control is performed.
  • the setting unit 8 outputs a predetermined set voltage (for example, 30.0 V) and performs appropriate arc welding control.
  • the setting unit 8 outputs a predetermined fixed value (for example, 5% of the maximum output), and performs appropriate necking control for reducing the welding current during the short circuit. Necking control is control that lowers the welding current in order to suppress the occurrence of spatter that occurs when a short circuit is opened.
  • the overcurrent determination becomes an overcurrent state (high level).
  • the overcurrent determination if the welding current exceeds an overcurrent determination value IOC (for example, 600 A), the overcurrent determination becomes an overcurrent state.
  • the third signal S3 becomes high level, and fixed output control is performed.
  • the setting unit 8 outputs a predetermined fixed value (for example, 5% of the maximum output), and performs appropriate overcurrent control for protecting the welding apparatus 1.
  • Overcurrent control is control for reducing the welding current because the welding current is too high.
  • the output on section is switched according to the welding state, and an optimal control method among current feedback control, voltage feedback control, and fixed output control is performed. And even if a control method switches discontinuously, since the inverter frequency is determined based on the output ON section, there is no problem in switching the inverter frequency.
  • the present disclosure can change the inverter frequency in accordance with the output-on period, so that high-quality welding can be realized and is industrially useful as a welding apparatus using inverter control.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de soudage comprenant: une unité de commutation, une unité de réglage, une unité de détection de sortie, une unité de commande, une unité de régulation de fréquence et une unité d'entraînement. L'unité de commutation est composée d'un élément de commutation. L'unité de réglage règle une sortie de réglage. L'unité de détection de sortie détecte une sortie de soudage. L'unité de commande calcule un intervalle de marche de sortie pour l'unité de commutation sur la base de la sortie de réglage et de la sortie de soudage. L'unité de régulation de fréquence détermine une fréquence d'inverseur sur la base de l'intervalle de marche de sortie. L'unité d'entraînement commande une opération on/off (marche/arrêt) de l'élément de commutation qui constitue l'unité de commutation sur la base de la fréquence d'inverseur et de l'intervalle de marche de sortie. Lorsque l'intervalle de marche de sortie est une première proportion, la fréquence d'inverseur est une première fréquence, et lorsque l'intervalle de marche de sortie est une seconde proportion inférieure à la première proportion, la fréquence d'inverseur est une seconde fréquence supérieure à la première fréquence.
PCT/JP2014/003580 2013-07-23 2014-07-07 Dispositif de soudage WO2015011882A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201480022882.XA CN105142840B (zh) 2013-07-23 2014-07-07 焊接装置
JP2015528129A JP6417545B2 (ja) 2013-07-23 2014-07-07 溶接装置
EP14829120.6A EP3025816B1 (fr) 2013-07-23 2014-07-07 Dispositif de soudage
US14/787,682 US10239144B2 (en) 2013-07-23 2014-07-07 Welding device

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JP2013152491 2013-07-23
JP2013-152491 2013-07-23

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WO2015011882A1 true WO2015011882A1 (fr) 2015-01-29

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EP (1) EP3025816B1 (fr)
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JP6493093B2 (ja) * 2015-08-27 2019-04-03 新日鐵住金株式会社 抵抗スポット溶接用電源装置
US10549374B2 (en) * 2015-12-31 2020-02-04 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Welding power supply with half bridge
US11498147B2 (en) * 2018-05-01 2022-11-15 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Single phase input detection and power source protection
US10910937B2 (en) * 2018-05-30 2021-02-02 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Control circuit synchronization of welding-type power supplies

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3025816B1 (fr) 2017-09-13
EP3025816A4 (fr) 2016-08-03
US20160144442A1 (en) 2016-05-26
CN105142840B (zh) 2017-05-10
JPWO2015011882A1 (ja) 2017-03-02
JP6417545B2 (ja) 2018-11-07
EP3025816A1 (fr) 2016-06-01
CN105142840A (zh) 2015-12-09
US10239144B2 (en) 2019-03-26

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