WO2014207906A1 - 光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法 - Google Patents
光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014207906A1 WO2014207906A1 PCT/JP2013/067845 JP2013067845W WO2014207906A1 WO 2014207906 A1 WO2014207906 A1 WO 2014207906A1 JP 2013067845 W JP2013067845 W JP 2013067845W WO 2014207906 A1 WO2014207906 A1 WO 2014207906A1
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- contaminated water
- soil
- soil contaminated
- volatile organic
- photocatalytic material
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- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for treating soil contaminated water with a photocatalytic material. Specifically, the present invention relates to a treatment method for detoxifying soil contaminated water due to harmful volatile organic compounds and heavy metals contained in soil and groundwater using a photocatalytic material.
- Various methods are used to treat volatile organic compounds such as dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, dichloroethylene, trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, dichloropropane, benzene, chloroform, toluene, and xylene that have entered the soil.
- volatile organic compounds such as dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, dichloroethylene, trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, dichloropropane, benzene, chloroform, toluene, and xylene that have entered the soil.
- volatile organic compounds such as dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, dichloroethylene, trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, dichloropropane
- the adsorption treatment with activated carbon has a problem in that the adsorption capacity reaches saturation immediately, so that the adsorption effect has only a short time. Further, the thermal decomposition treatment has a problem that a lot of energy is required.
- Patent Document 1 In the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1, a volatile organic compound is decomposed by pumping up contaminated groundwater to obtain a gaseous volatile organic compound, and using a photocatalytic material and irradiating with ultraviolet rays. The processing method is adopted.
- Patent Document 1 in order to increase the reaction area of the photocatalytic material, a photocatalytic material in which a honeycomb-like material is coated with titanium oxide is used.
- Patent Document 1 since a fine titanium oxide powder is used as a photocatalyst material in a binder, most of the titanium oxide particles are buried inside the binder.
- the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the adhesion between the photocatalytic material and the substrate is weak.
- the heavy metals are fixed by chemical chelation and ion exchange.
- a technique, a technique of separating heavy metals by high-temperature treatment in an incinerator, and the like are employed.
- the processing method has a problem that not only the processing cost becomes high, but also it is difficult to recover a low concentration heavy metal.
- Patent Document 2 a photocatalyst fine particle in which iron oxyhydroxide particles are dispersedly supported on a titanium oxide photocatalyst, and a photocatalyst material obtained by coating the photocatalyst fine particle on a plate-like body, porous material, or fibrous material A technique for removing lead, which is a heavy metal, is used.
- the photocatalyst fine particles are treated as they are, there is a problem that it takes time and effort to separate the photocatalyst fine particles from the solution.
- the method of coating the photocatalyst fine particles has a drawback that most of the titanium oxide particles are buried inside the binder because a fine particle titanium oxide powder is included in the binder.
- the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a problem that adhesion between the photocatalytic material and the substrate is weak.
- the present invention aims to provide a new method for treating soil-contaminated water using a photocatalytic material that can efficiently remove volatile organic compounds and heavy metals causing soil contamination only by light irradiation. It is.
- contaminated groundwater pumped from the contaminated soil pumped water
- gas-liquid separation preferably It is found that heavy metals are removed and detoxified by carrying out light irradiation (preferably ultraviolet irradiation) to the heavy metals contained in the liquid phase obtained by carrying out light irradiation (preferably ultraviolet irradiation). It was.
- light irradiation preferably ultraviolet irradiation
- the heavy metal is further removed by electrolytic treatment in order to completely remove the heavy metal.
- secondary treatments such as a removal method, a method of insolubilizing heavy metals by chemical chelation, and a method of separating heavy metals by carrying out a hydroxide treatment may be used.
- the photocatalyst material used in the present invention comprises a large amount of crystalline titanium oxide on the surface of metal titanium or titanium alloy, in particular anatase having high photocatalytic activity, by forming titanium nitride on the surface of metal titanium or titanium alloy and then anodizing it. It has been found that it is preferable to use a photocatalytic material having a large amount of type titanium oxide.
- the present invention has been completed based on such knowledge.
- the present invention is a technique for efficiently removing harmful substances such as volatile organic compounds and heavy metals contained in the soil contaminated water, and detoxifying the soil contaminated water.
- Item 1 A method for treating soil contaminated water that detoxifies volatile organic compounds contained in soil contaminated water, (1) Gas-liquid separation of soil contaminated water to obtain a gas phase, and (2) a step of decomposing a volatile organic compound contained in the gas phase obtained in Step 1 with a photocatalytic material. And a method for treating soil contaminated water with a photocatalytic material.
- Item 2 A method for treating soil contaminated water that removes heavy metals contained in soil contaminated water, (1) gas-liquid separation of soil contaminated water to obtain a liquid phase, and (2) a step of removing heavy metals contained in the liquid phase obtained in step 1 with a photocatalytic material, Treatment method of soil contaminated water with photocatalytic material.
- Item 3 is characterized in that the photocatalyst material is a photocatalyst material having a crystalline titanium oxide film obtained by forming a titanium nitride on the surface of titanium metal or a titanium alloy and then anodizing it. Or the processing method of the soil contaminated water by the photocatalyst material of 2.
- Item 4 The method for treating soil contaminated water with the photocatalytic material according to Item 3, wherein the crystalline titanium oxide is anatase-type titanium oxide.
- the above-mentioned item comprising a secondary treatment step by at least one method selected from the group consisting of adsorption removal by activated carbon and removal by thermal oxidation of volatile organic compounds in the gas phase.
- Item 6 When unremoved heavy metal remains in the liquid phase after the step 2, (3)
- the heavy metal in the liquid phase is selected from the group consisting of a method of removing heavy metal by electrolytic treatment, a method of insolubilizing heavy metal by chemical chelation, and a method of separating heavy metal by hydroxide treatment.
- Item 5 The method for treating soil contaminated water with the photocatalytic material according to Item 2, 3 or 4, further comprising a step of performing a secondary treatment by at least one method.
- Item 7 Using a photocatalytic material, characterized by comprising a gas phase preparation chamber for obtaining a gas phase by gas-liquid separation of soil contaminated water and a photocatalytic device for decomposing volatile organic compounds contained in the gas phase with a photocatalytic material A soil contaminated water treatment device that detoxifies volatile organic compounds contained in soil contaminated water.
- Item 8 The soil-contaminated water according to Item 7, comprising a secondary treatment chamber for treating a volatile organic compound in the gas phase by at least one method selected from the group consisting of adsorption removal by activated carbon and thermal oxidation. Processing equipment.
- Soil contamination using photocatalyst material characterized by comprising a liquid phase preparation chamber that obtains a liquid phase by gas-liquid separation of soil contaminated water and a photocatalytic device that removes heavy metals contained in the liquid phase with a photocatalytic material Soil contaminated water treatment equipment that removes heavy metals contained in water.
- Item 10 At least one selected from the group consisting of a method of removing heavy metals in the liquid phase by electrolytic treatment, a method of insolubilizing heavy metals by chemical chelation, and a method of separating heavy metals by hydroxide treatment Item 10.
- the soil contaminated water to be treated is an aqueous solution (or mixed solution) containing volatile organic compounds and heavy metals (or heavy metal ions) contaminating the soil and groundwater.
- aqueous solution or mixed solution
- water was injected into the soil, and volatile organic compounds were taken into the water.
- An aqueous solution (or mixed solution), an aqueous solution (or mixed solution) in which water is poured into soil and heavy metals (or heavy metal ions) are dissolved in water, or the like.
- Titanium oxide having high activity and stability is preferable. Titanium oxide is a photocatalyst that undergoes a redox reaction by generating holes in the valence band and electrons in the conduction band when irradiated with ultraviolet light of 400 nm or less. By this oxidation-reduction reaction, active oxygen species such as OH radicals are generated, and this active oxygen oxidizes and decomposes organic substances in the gas phase and liquid phase and reduces metal ions and the like.
- a photocatalyst material having a crystalline titanium oxide film obtained by forming titanium nitride on the surface of titanium metal or titanium alloy and then anodizing it is preferable.
- the crystalline titanium oxide is preferably anatase type titanium oxide.
- Anatase-type titanium oxide has a higher energy level in the conduction band than the rutile type, so electrons excited in the conduction band contribute to the reaction efficiently, so the photocatalytic activity of anatase-type titanium oxide is Higher than rutile type.
- the anatase-type titanium oxide film has the following steps: (i) a step of forming titanium nitride on the surface of titanium or a titanium alloy; and (ii) at least one selected from the group consisting of an inorganic acid having an etching action on titanium and an organic acid having the action.
- a step of anodic oxidation by immersing the titanium or titanium alloy obtained in the step (i) in an acid-containing electrolyte and controlling a current capable of applying a voltage higher than a spark discharge generation voltage. It can prepare by the manufacturing method containing.
- titanium and a titanium alloy may be simply referred to as a titanium material.
- the formation of titanium nitride in the step (i) is performed by PVD, CVD, thermal spraying, heating in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, or nitrogen gas in combination with an oxygen trap agent. It is preferably performed by at least one treatment selected from the group consisting of heat treatment under an atmosphere.
- the heat treatment in a nitrogen gas atmosphere is preferably performed by heating titanium or a titanium alloy in a nitrogen gas atmosphere.
- step (i) titanium nitride is formed on the surface of titanium or titanium alloy.
- the type is not particularly limited.
- the titanium alloy include Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-0.5Pd.
- a titanium nitride layer is usually formed on the surface of the titanium material in the range of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 0.5 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably about 1 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the means for forming titanium nitride on the surface of the titanium material is not particularly limited.
- a method of physically or chemically attaching titanium nitride to the surface of the titanium material, or titanium on the surface of the titanium material There is a method of forming titanium nitride by reacting with nitrogen.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- thermal spray treatment film formation by spraying
- PVD process include ion plating and sputtering.
- CVD process include thermal CVD, plasma CVD, and laser CVD.
- thermal spraying process include thermal spraying processes such as flame spraying, arc spraying, plasma spraying, and laser spraying.
- the heat treatment of the titanium material in a nitrogen gas atmosphere include a method of heating the titanium material to 500 ° C. or higher (preferably 750 ° C. or higher) in a nitrogen gas atmosphere.
- the nitrogen gas atmosphere during the heat treatment is not particularly limited, but the pressure of the nitrogen gas is usually 0.01 to 100 MPa, preferably 0.1 to 10 MPa, more preferably 0.1 to 1 MPa. As long as it is about.
- the heating time of the titanium material in the heat treatment can be usually set to 1 to 12 hours, preferably 2 to 8 hours, and more preferably 3 to 6 hours.
- the type of titanium nitride formed on the surface of the titanium material is not particularly limited.
- the titanium nitride TiN, Ti 2 N, ⁇ -TiN 0.3 , ⁇ -Ti 3 N 2-X , ⁇ -Ti 4 N 3-X (where x is a numerical value from 0 to less than 3) ), A mixture of these, and amorphous titanium nitride.
- TiN, Ti 2 N, and a mixture thereof, more preferably TiN, and a mixture of TiN and Ti 2 N, particularly preferably TiN are exemplified.
- one of the above methods may be performed alone, or two or more methods may be arbitrarily combined.
- heat treatment of the titanium material in a nitrogen gas atmosphere is preferable.
- the electrolytic solution contains sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
- the electrolytic solution further contains hydrogen peroxide in the anodic oxidation in the first step (ii).
- anodization is performed so as to control a current that can cause a spark discharge generation voltage in the anodic oxidation in the step (ii).
- an electrolyte containing at least one acid selected from the group consisting of an inorganic acid having an etching action on titanium and an organic acid having the action is obtained in the step (i).
- Anodization is performed by immersing the obtained titanium or titanium alloy and applying a voltage higher than the spark discharge generation voltage.
- an aqueous solution containing an inorganic acid having an etching action on titanium and / or an organic acid having the action is used as an electrolytic solution.
- inorganic acids having an etching action on titanium include sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, aqua regia and the like.
- examples of the organic acid having an etching action on titanium include oxalic acid, formic acid, citric acid, trichloroacetic acid and the like. These acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more of these acids regardless of whether they are organic acids or inorganic acids.
- the aqueous solution containing a sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid is mentioned.
- the mixing ratio of the acid in the electrolytic solution varies depending on the type of acid used, anodizing conditions, and the like, but is usually 0.01 to 10M, preferably 0.1 to 10M, more preferably the total amount of the acid. A ratio of 1 to 10M can be mentioned.
- an electrolytic solution containing sulfuric acid 1 to 8M and phosphoric acid 0.1 to 2M can be exemplified.
- the electrolyte solution preferably contains hydrogen peroxide in addition to the organic acid and / or inorganic acid.
- hydrogen peroxide in addition to the organic acid and / or inorganic acid.
- an anatase-type titanium oxide film can be prepared more efficiently.
- the blending ratio is not particularly limited. For example, a ratio of 0.01 to 5M, preferably 0.01 to 1M, and more preferably 0.1 to 1M is exemplified. Is done.
- an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid 1 to 8M, phosphoric acid 0.1 to 2M and hydrogen peroxide 0.1 to 1M can be given.
- anatase-type titanium oxide A film is obtained.
- the current density may be 0.1 A / dm 2 or more, but 1 A / dm 2 to 10 A / dm 2 is preferable from the viewpoint of economy, simplicity, and performance.
- a film having a large amount of anatase-type titanium oxide having high photocatalytic activity can be formed.
- the method for treating soil contaminated water with the photocatalytic material of the present invention detoxifies volatile organic compounds contained in soil contaminated water, (1) Gas-liquid separation of soil contaminated water to obtain a gas phase, and (2) a step of decomposing a volatile organic compound contained in the gas phase obtained in Step 1 with a photocatalytic material.
- step 2 When the undecomposed volatile organic compound remains in the gas phase after the step 2, (3) It is preferable to include a step of secondary treatment by at least one method selected from the group consisting of adsorption removal by activated carbon and removal by thermal oxidation of volatile organic compounds in the gas phase.
- step 1 the contaminated water (soil contaminated water) pumped from the contaminated soil is gas-liquid separated to obtain a gas phase.
- gaseous volatile organic compounds gases
- polluted water polluted water
- explosive treatment such as supplying pressurized air that is ejected from a nozzle in the explosive tower.
- Phase and soil contaminated water (liquid phase). Since the volatile organic compound in the gas phase contains moisture, it is preferable to further reduce the moisture in the gas using a mist separator.
- the volatile organic compound contained in the gas phase obtained in step 1 is decomposed with a photocatalytic material.
- the gaseous volatile organic compound from which moisture has been removed is sent to a photocatalyst device composed of a photocatalyst material and an ultraviolet lamp by a blower, and the volatile organic compound is decomposed and removed based on an oxidation reaction using the photocatalyst material to make it harmless. Plan.
- the photocatalyst material the above-described photocatalyst material is preferably used.
- a volatile organic compound gas flow system was constructed, and titanium nitride was formed on the titanium metal surface, and then anodized.
- a photocatalytic material having high activity is put in and decomposed by irradiating light (ultraviolet lamp) of 400 nm or less.
- the photocatalytic reaction is a surface reaction, the greater the chance of contact between the photocatalytic material and the volatile organic compound, the better the decomposition effect, so that the photocatalytic material can be arranged in a bellows shape or photocatalytic metal titanium or titanium alloy It is preferable to use a porous material itself and perform nitriding treatment or anodizing treatment.
- volatile organic compounds (VOC) to be decomposed examples include dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, dichloroethylene, trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, dichloropropane, benzene, chloroform, toluene, xylene, and the like.
- the soil-contaminated water contains about 0.1 to 1000 ppmV of volatile organic compound, although it varies depending on the degree of soil contamination and the type of volatile organic compound.
- the gas phase obtained by gas-liquid separation of soil contaminated water contains about 0.1 to 1000 ppmV of volatile organic compounds.
- the volatile organic compound gas remaining in the decomposition treatment of the photocatalyst material is completely removed from the volatile organic compound remaining by performing adsorption removal or thermal decomposition treatment by passing through an activated carbon packed column. It is possible to remove it.
- each processing can be performed independently, and each processing can be performed in combination.
- An apparatus for treating soil contaminated water that detoxifies volatile organic compounds contained in soil contaminated water using the photocatalytic material of the present invention is a gas phase preparation chamber that obtains a gas phase by gas-liquid separation of soil contaminated water, It comprises a photocatalytic device that decomposes a volatile organic compound contained in the phase with a photocatalytic material.
- the apparatus for treating soil-contaminated water of the present invention is a secondary treatment in which a volatile organic compound in the gas phase is further treated by at least one method selected from the group consisting of adsorption removal by activated carbon and thermal oxidation. It is preferable to provide a chamber.
- the gas phase preparation chamber has an explosion tower for forming a jet for stirring and mixing the soil contaminated water and air, a nozzle for ejecting the soil contaminated water into the explosion tower, and pressurization
- An air supply pipe for supplying the air, and the explosion tower is configured to discharge the air containing the volatile organic compound separated from the soil contaminated water and the contaminated water that has been stirred and mixed. It is preferable to have a discharge port.
- the gas phase preparation chamber preferably has a mist separator for further reducing moisture.
- the gas phase preparation chamber preferably has a blower for supplying pressurized air to the air supply pipe.
- the vapor phase preparation chamber has a pump for jetting out soil contaminated water under pressure.
- the photocatalytic device preferably has a photocatalytic material and an ultraviolet lamp.
- the photocatalytic device preferably has a duct structure.
- the soil contaminated water treatment apparatus of the present invention preferably has a conduit for discharging the gas phase portion of the detoxified soil contaminated water discharged from the photocatalyst apparatus to the outside. Moreover, it is preferable to have a conduit for guiding the gas phase part of the decontaminated soil contaminated water (detoxified gas after the photocatalytic reaction) to the aeration tower. The gas phase part from the decontaminated soil contaminated water can be effectively used without being released to the outside.
- the method for treating soil contaminated water with the photocatalytic material of the present invention is to remove heavy metals contained in soil contaminated water, (1) A step of gas-liquid separation of soil contaminated water to obtain a liquid phase, and (2) a step of removing heavy metals contained in the liquid phase obtained in step 1 with a photocatalytic material.
- the heavy metal in the liquid phase is selected from the group consisting of a method of removing heavy metal by electrolytic treatment, a method of insolubilizing heavy metal by chemical chelation, and a method of separating heavy metal by hydroxide treatment. It is preferable to include a secondary treatment step by at least one method.
- heavy metal ions such as mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, copper, hexavalent chromium and the like present in soil contaminated water are oxidized or reduced by light irradiation and precipitated as metal or oxide. Can be efficiently removed from soil contaminated water.
- step 1 the contaminated water (soil contaminated water) pumped from the contaminated soil is gas-liquid separated to obtain a liquid phase.
- a solution (liquid phase) containing heavy metal ions is separated from contaminated water (soil-contaminated water) by explosive treatment in which a pressurized air is supplied from the nozzle in the explosion tower.
- step 1 Heavy metals contained in the liquid phase obtained in step 1 are removed with a photocatalytic material.
- a solution (liquid phase) containing heavy metal ions is sent to a photocatalyst device composed of a photocatalyst material and an ultraviolet lamp by a liquid feed pump, and the heavy metal is removed based on the reduction reaction or oxidation reaction of the photocatalyst to make it harmless.
- a removal process is performed by irradiating light (ultraviolet lamp) of 400 nm or less using a photocatalytic material.
- a photocatalyst material the above-described photocatalyst material is preferably used.
- the photocatalytic reaction is a surface reaction, the greater the chance of contact between the photocatalytic material and the heavy metal, the better the decomposition effect. It is preferable to perform nitriding treatment or anodizing treatment using a high quality material.
- harmful heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, arsenic, mercury, copper and the like.
- the soil-contaminated water contains about 0.01 to 1000 ppm of heavy metal, although it varies depending on the degree of soil contamination and the type of heavy metal.
- a method of removing heavy metal by electrolytic treatment a method of insolubilization by chemically chelating heavy metal, a hydroxide treatment
- a secondary treatment such as a method for separating heavy metals in order to completely remove heavy metals.
- the chelating and insolubilizing method is a method of removing heavy metal ions by adding citric acid and EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), which are agents for chelating heavy metal ions, to a solution containing heavy metal ions.
- citric acid and EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- As a method for separating heavy metals in the hydroxide treatment adding an alkaline substance such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide to the liquid containing heavy metal ions to make the heavy metals insoluble by making them into hydroxides. It is a technique to remove.
- each processing can be performed independently, and each processing can be performed in combination.
- An apparatus for treating soil contaminated water that removes heavy metals contained in soil contaminated water using the photocatalytic material of the present invention includes a liquid phase preparation chamber that obtains a liquid phase by gas-liquid separation of the soil contaminated water, and a liquid phase preparation chamber. And a photocatalyst device for removing heavy metal to be removed by a photocatalyst material.
- the apparatus for treating soil contaminated water according to the present invention includes a method for removing heavy metals in a liquid phase by electrolytic treatment, a method for insolubilizing heavy metals by chemical chelation, and a hydroxide treatment. It is preferable to provide a secondary processing chamber for processing by at least one method selected from the group consisting of methods for separating heavy metals.
- the liquid phase preparation chamber has an explosion tower for forming a jet for stirring and mixing soil contaminated water and air, and a nozzle for ejecting the soil contaminated water into the explosion tower, and pressurization
- the liquid phase preparation chamber has a blower for supplying pressurized air to the air supply pipe.
- the liquid phase preparation chamber has a pump for ejecting the soil contaminated water under pressure.
- the photocatalytic device preferably has a photocatalytic material and an ultraviolet lamp.
- the photocatalytic device preferably has a duct structure.
- the soil contaminated water treatment apparatus of the present invention preferably has a conduit for discharging the liquid phase portion of the detoxified soil contaminated water discharged from the photocatalyst apparatus to the outside.
- a photocatalytic material having high activity for example, a photocatalytic material obtained by forming a titanium nitride on a metal titanium surface and then performing anodization
- harmful volatile organic compounds and heavy metals in the gas phase and liquid phase can be decomposed and removed quickly and extremely efficiently.
- Example 2 is a graph showing decomposition of trichlorethylene gas in Example 1.
- Example 1 After holding at 950 ° C. for 3 hours under nitrogen gas flow to form titanium nitride on the metal titanium surface, current density using 1.5M sulfuric acid, 0.1M phosphoric acid, 0.3M hydrogen peroxide as the electrolyte A photocatalytic material was obtained by anodizing at 4 A / dm 2 and electrolysis time of 30 minutes.
- trichlorethylene gas is decomposed with high efficiency by using a photocatalytic material in which a large amount of anatase-type titanium oxide is formed on the surface of titanium metal by performing anodic oxidation after gas nitriding of titanium metal. It was.
- Example 2 After holding at 950 ° C. for 1 hour under nitrogen gas flow to form titanium nitride on the titanium metal surface, current density using 1.5M sulfuric acid, 0.1M phosphoric acid, 0.3M hydrogen peroxide as the electrolyte Anodization was performed at 4 A / dm 2 and an electrolysis time of 30 minutes to obtain a photocatalytic material (total surface area 52 m 2 ).
- a photocatalyst device composed of the photocatalyst material and 32 UV lamps with an output of 40 W is passed through trichloroethylene gas obtained from the soil-contaminated water and irradiated with a fluorescent lamp that emits ultraviolet light (254 nm).
- concentration of each trichlorethylene at the inlet and outlet of the photocatalyst device was measured with a gas chromatograph.
- the flow rate of the gas containing trichlorethylene obtained by pumping up groundwater was set to about 5 to 9 m 3 / min.
- groundwater contaminated with high efficiency can be obtained by using a photocatalytic material in which a large amount of anatase-type titanium oxide is formed on the surface of titanium metal by performing anodic oxidation after gas nitriding of titanium metal. It was found that the trichlorethylene gas in the gas obtained by pumping explosion was decomposed.
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Abstract
Description
(1)土壌汚染水を気液分離して気相を得る工程、及び
(2)工程1で得られた気相中に含まれる揮発性有機化合物を光触媒材料により分解する工程
を含むことを特徴とする、光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法。
(1)土壌汚染水を気液分離して液相を得る工程、及び
(2)工程1で得られた液相中に含まれる重金属を光触媒材料により除去する工程
を含むことを特徴とする、光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法。
(3)気相中の揮発性有機化合物を、活性炭による吸着除去及び熱酸化により除去する方法からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの方法により、2次処理する工程
含むことを特徴とする、前記項1、3又は4に記載の光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法。
(3)液相中の重金属を、電解処理により重金属を除去する方法、重金属を化学的にキレート化させることにて不溶化する方法及び水酸化物化処理にて重金属を分離する方法からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの方法により、2次処理する工程
含むことを特徴とする、前記項2、3又は4に記載の光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法。
土壌(又は地下水)中に存在する揮発性有機化合物、重金属(又は重金属イオン)は、地表面或いはその近くから、揮発性有機化合物、重金属(又は重金属イオン)として土壌に浸入し、地下に浸透する。その結果、土壌や地下水が汚染される。また、汚染源から流出した揮発性有機化合物、重金属(又は重金属イオン)は、液状の形態で地下へ浸透し、一部は土壌の間隙中に滞留する。また、帯水層まで達した汚染源の原液は、地層の間隙が大きければ帯水層中を降下して更に粘土層等の不透水層に達し、間隙が小さければ地下水面付近に滞留する。
本発明に用いる光触媒材料としては、高い活性や安定性を有する酸化チタンが好ましい。酸化チタンは、400nm以下の紫外線が光照射されると、価電子帯に正孔が伝導帯に電子が生成され、酸化還元反応を起こす光触媒である。この酸化還元反応にてOHラジカル等の活性酸素種が生成され、この活性酸素が気相中や液相中の有機物等を酸化分解されると共に金属イオン等を還元する。
(i)チタン又はチタン合金の表面にチタン窒化物を形成する工程、及び
(ii)チタンに対してエッチング作用を有する無機酸及び該作用を有する有機酸よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の酸を含有する電解液中に、上記工程(i)で得られたチタン又はチタン合金を浸漬し、火花放電発生電圧以上の電圧を印加させることのできる電流を制御することにより陽極酸化を行う工程
を含む製造方法により調製することができる。
本発明の光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法は、土壌汚染水に含まれる揮発性有機化合物を無害化するものであり、
(1)土壌汚染水を気液分離して気相を得る工程、及び
(2)工程1で得られた気相中に含まれる揮発性有機化合物を光触媒材料により分解する工程
を含むことを特徴とする。
(3)気相中の揮発性有機化合物を、活性炭による吸着除去及び熱酸化により除去する方法からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの方法により、2次処理する工程
含むことが好ましい。
本発明の光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法は、土壌汚染水に含まれる重金属を除去するものであり、
(1)土壌汚染水を気液分離して液相を得る工程、及び
(2)工程1で得られた液相中に含まれる重金属を光触媒材料により除去する工程
を含むことを特徴とする。
(3)液相中の重金属を、電解処理により重金属を除去する方法、重金属を化学的にキレート化させることにて不溶化する方法及び水酸化物化処理にて重金属を分離する方法からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの方法により、2次処理する工程
含むことが好ましい。
窒素ガス通気下950℃にて3時間保持し、金属チタン表面にチタン窒化物を形成させた後、電解液として1.5M硫酸、0.1M燐酸、0.3M過酸化水素を用いて電流密度4A/dm2、電解時間30分にて陽極酸化を行うことにて光触媒材料を得た。
窒素ガス通気下950℃にて1時間保持し、金属チタン表面にチタン窒化物を形成させた後、電解液として1.5M硫酸、0.1M燐酸、0.3M過酸化水素を用いて電流密度4A/dm2、電解時間30分にて陽極酸化を行うことにて光触媒材料を得た(総表面積52m2)。
Claims (10)
- 土壌汚染水に含まれる揮発性有機化合物を無害化する土壌汚染水の処理方法であって、
(1)土壌汚染水を気液分離して気相を得る工程、及び
(2)工程1で得られた気相中に含まれる揮発性有機化合物を光触媒材料により分解する工程
を含むことを特徴とする、光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法。 - 土壌汚染水に含まれる重金属を除去する土壌汚染水の処理方法であって、
(1)土壌汚染水を気液分離して液相を得る工程、及び
(2)工程1で得られた液相中に含まれる重金属を光触媒材料により除去する工程
を含むことを特徴とする、光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法。 - 前記光触媒材料が、金属チタン又はチタン合金表面にチタン窒化物を形成させた後、陽極酸化処理することにより得られた結晶性酸化チタン皮膜を有する光触媒材料であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法。
- 前記結晶性酸化チタンが、アナターゼ型酸化チタンであることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法。
- 前記工程2後、気相中に未分解の揮発性有機化合物が残余する場合に、更に、
(3)気相中の揮発性有機化合物を、活性炭による吸着除去及び熱酸化により除去する方法からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの方法により、2次処理する工程
含むことを特徴とする、請求項1、3又は4に記載の光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法。 - 前記工程2後、液相中に未除去の重金属が残余する場合に、更に、
(3)液相中の重金属を、電解処理により重金属を除去する方法、重金属を化学的にキレート化させることにて不溶化する方法及び水酸化物化処理にて重金属を分離する方法からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの方法により、2次処理する工程
含むことを特徴とする、請求項2、3又は4に記載の光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法。 - 土壌汚染水を気液分離して気相を得る気相調製室と、気相中に含まれる揮発性有機化合物を光触媒材料により分解する光触媒装置とからなることを特徴とする、光触媒材料を用いて土壌汚染水に含まれる揮発性有機化合物を無害化する土壌汚染水の処理装置。
- 気相中の揮発性有機化合物を、活性炭による吸着除去及び熱酸化により除去する方法からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの方法により処理する2次処理室を含む、請求項7に記載の土壌汚染水の処理装置。
- 土壌汚染水を気液分離して液相を得る液相調製室と、液相中に含まれる重金属を光触媒材料により除去する光触媒装置とからなることを特徴とする、光触媒材料を用いて土壌汚染水に含まれる重金属を除去する土壌汚染水の処理装置。
- 液相中の重金属を、電解処理により重金属を除去する方法、重金属を化学的にキレート化させることにて不溶化する方法及び水酸化物化処理にて重金属を分離する方法からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの方法により処理する2次処理室を含む、請求項9に記載の土壌汚染水の処理装置。
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US14/892,434 US9822025B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | Method for treating soil-contaminating water using photocatalytic material |
EP13887884.8A EP3015433A4 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | Method for treating soil-contaminating water using photocatalytic material |
PCT/JP2013/067845 WO2014207906A1 (ja) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | 光触媒材料による土壌汚染水の処理方法 |
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