WO2014206671A1 - Bougie de préchauffage et procédé pour la fabriquer - Google Patents

Bougie de préchauffage et procédé pour la fabriquer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014206671A1
WO2014206671A1 PCT/EP2014/060890 EP2014060890W WO2014206671A1 WO 2014206671 A1 WO2014206671 A1 WO 2014206671A1 EP 2014060890 W EP2014060890 W EP 2014060890W WO 2014206671 A1 WO2014206671 A1 WO 2014206671A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glow plug
glow
electrical resistance
heating coil
temperature coefficient
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/060890
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Albrecht Geissinger
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to EP14728491.3A priority Critical patent/EP3014183B1/fr
Priority to CN201480036595.4A priority patent/CN105308391B/zh
Publication of WO2014206671A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014206671A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F23Q2007/004—Manufacturing or assembling methods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug or glow plug, and more particularly to a metallic glow plug for arrangement in a chamber of an internal combustion engine, for example a forward, swirl or combustion chamber of an air compressing,
  • the invention relates to a method for producing such a glow plug.
  • diesel engines are widely used, which have a higher efficiency compared to gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines.
  • diesel engines require during the
  • Diesel engines usually each at least one electrically heated glow plug, also called GLP (from the English term “glow plug"), with a Saturation temperature of 950 to 1000 ° C, by means of which the diesel engine is preheated in the starting phase.
  • GLP electrically heated glow plug
  • a heating element 9 of such a known metallic glow plug usually consists of a heat-resistant alloy glow tube 91 closed on one side, such as an alloy with a nickel-based material or an alloy with temperature-resistant steel, for example. the combustion chamber side, closed side of the
  • Glow tube 91 is welded to a heating coil 92, with which a control coil 93 is electrically connected in series.
  • a heating coil 92 is usually a metallic material with the highest possible specific electrical resistance used, which remains almost constant at a temperature change, such as FeCrAI or NiCr.
  • the control coil 93 on the other hand, consists of a metal or a metal alloy with a pronounced PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) effect, such as, for example, nickel (Ni) or iron cobalt (FeCo).
  • the control coil 93 is with a
  • the control coil 93 and the heating coil 92 are further embedded in an insulating powder 95 which has been compressed by reducing the outer diameter of the glow tube 91 after filling.
  • This insulating powder usually magnesium oxide, even at temperatures above 1400 ° C has a high electrical resistivity.
  • the glow tube 91 serves the mechanical protection of
  • Heating coil 92 and shields them against chemically aggressive media, such as atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen, fuel residues and combustion residues.
  • the glow tube 91 transmits the heat energy released by the heating coil 92 into the combustion chamber. This arrangement ensures that the electrical resistance remains low at room temperature, but then increases with increasing temperature during operation. Such glow plugs continue to find in glow starter motors or as
  • glow plugs are in addition to a controller as part of so-called quick start systems for diesel engines state of the art. These are characterized by the fact that the operating voltage of the glow plugs used, so-called low-voltage glow plugs, 4 to 7 volts is below the available vehicle electrical system voltage. This operating voltage is referred to below as the nominal voltage.
  • Heating element 9 ' from a one-sided closed glow tube 91', wherein the
  • Combustion chamber side, closed side of the glow tube 91 'with a PTC heating coil 92' is welded, without providing a control coil.
  • a metal having a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistance is correspondingly used to achieve the PTC effect.
  • the heating coil 92 ' is similar to the heating coil 92 of Figure 2 embedded in an insulating powder 95', in which case the
  • Heating coil 92 ' is directly electrically connected to a connecting bolt 94' of the heating element 9 '.
  • an electrically heatable glow plug with the features of claim 1 is proposed, preferably for the cold start aid of a self-igniting internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine. Furthermore, according to the present invention, a method for producing such
  • an electrically heatable glow plug according to the invention comprises a heating element as a main component.
  • the heating element in turn has a closed glow tube, an electrically conductive
  • Heating coil an electrically conductive connection pin, which is electrically connected to the heating coil, and a filler.
  • Connection bolts are arranged in the glow tube, and the filler material is introduced into the glow tube, that this the heating coil and at least a part of the
  • the glow tube may consist of a temperature-resistant metal alloy, for example, a nickel-based material or a temperature-resistant steel alloy.
  • the heating coil consists of at least one temperature-resistant material, preferably a high-temperature resistant material, with a high electrical resistance for comparable electrical conductors, but which is only slightly dependent on temperature, ie with a small temperature coefficient, and the filler consists at least partially of a material with a negative temperature coefficient of electrical resistance.
  • a structure of the heating coil of a combination of different high temperature resistant materials with high electrical resistivity is also conceivable, what but in turn can lead to increased manufacturing costs.
  • a glow plug designed in this way is a parallel connection of the heating coil resistance, which changes only slightly with temperature, with an NTC resistor in the form of the filling material. With such a combination of materials inside the glow tube, it is possible to achieve a rapid heating of the glow plug despite comparatively high cold resistance.
  • the material of the heating coil is a heat-resistant metal, which changes its resistance as a function of the temperature little or not, thus maintaining an approximately constant electrical resistivity over a wide temperature range, for example up to 1400 ° C.
  • a material may be an FeCrAl alloy, such as Kanthai, or a NiCr alloy.
  • the filling material may be present in the interior of the glow tube at least partially or completely as a powder. This facilitates filling of the filling material in the glow tube.
  • NTC powder the material having a negative temperature coefficient of the electrical resistance from which the filling material at least partially exists is present as NTC powder.
  • NTC powder here means "negative temperature coefficient"
  • the term NTC powder therefore refers to an NTC resistor powder or
  • Thermistor powder with a negative temperature coefficient is thermistor powder with a negative temperature coefficient.
  • the entire filler material may be made entirely of such a material having a negative temperature coefficient of electrical resistance or, alternatively, a mixture of at least one material having a negative temperature coefficient of electrical resistance and an insulating material, wherein the insulating material may be an insulating sintered material, such as Example magnesium oxide. Due to the nature of the powder and mixtures of insulating powder and NTC powder also by the mixing ratio and the ratio of the particle size distributions of insulating powder and NTC powder, the resistance characteristic of the glow plug can be adjusted depending on the temperature in a wide range. Such
  • Temperature coefficient of electrical resistance and an insulating material may be adjusted so that the filler has a specific electrical resistance, which is low between 100 ° C and 400 ° C, which at
  • the mixing ratio and material may be adjusted so that the electrical resistivity of the filler powder falls sharply between 800 and 1300 ° C, which is preferable in high temperature applications.
  • the material is negative
  • Temperature coefficients of electrical resistance of one of a modified carbon material silicon carbide (SiC), doped silicon (Si), elemental silicon (Si), oxide of titanium (Ti), oxide of magnesium (Mg), oxide of iron (Fe), oxide of Cobalt (Co), oxide of nickel (Ni), oxide of copper (Cu), and stabilized or partially stabilized oxide of zirconium (Zr).
  • the negative temperature coefficient of electrical resistance material may be composed of a combination of a plurality of the group of materials consisting of modified carbon material, silicon carbide (SiC), doped silicon (Si), elemental silicon (Si), oxide of titanium (Ti), oxide of magnesium (Mg), oxide of iron (Fe), oxide of cobalt (Co), oxide of nickel (Ni), oxide of copper (Cu), and
  • the material with negative temperature coefficient of electrical resistance must be chosen so that it does not match with others at the appropriate operating temperature
  • Heating element components responds, as this may undesirably change the resistance characteristic of the heating element over the temperature in the course of operation.
  • a method for producing a previously described electrically heatable glow plug comprises filling the glow tube of the heating element of the glow plug at least partially with a material having a negative temperature coefficient of electrical resistance. The steps of making the individual components, attaching the heating coil in thermal and
  • an inventive glow plug has over the previously discussed prior art has the advantage that the heating coil of the glow plug according to the invention from at least one Schuleiterwerkstoff or a combination of several Schuleiterwerkstoffen executed with almost constant temperature coefficient becomes. As a result, a rapid heating of the glow plug despite relatively high cold resistance is possible.
  • the glow plug according to the invention has the advantage that the entire introduced electrical power is converted into heat where it is needed.
  • the glow plug according to the invention is able to provide a temperature signal above a certain limit temperature that is obtained by detecting and evaluating the change in the electrical resistance of the glow plug. This means that, in contrast to the proposals of the prior art, which are based on the PTC effect of the heating coil, the glow plug according to the invention has a negative temperature coefficient, the resulting
  • Glow time control unit can be used. By monitoring this
  • Temperature signal which makes an additional temperature sensor on the heating element of the glow plug superfluous, can damage the heating element of the
  • Glow plug such as a melting of this, can be prevented, and thus engine damage safely prevented.
  • Fuel heater must be safely and independently of the control unit must be prevented.
  • a (fuse) fuse must be connected in series.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram view of a glow plug according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram view of a heating element of FIG
  • Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram view of a heating element of another
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram view of a preferred embodiment of a glow plug of the present invention.
  • the glow plug according to the invention consists of a heating element 1, an optional fuse 2 and a
  • Glow time control unit 3 for controlling a voltage to be applied to the glow plug.
  • a connection of the optional fuse 2 is shown in Figure 1 by a line 4 shown in dashed lines, wherein the fuse 2 is connected in series between the heating element 1 and the Glühzeit Kunststoff réelle 3.
  • the Glühzeit tenu réelle 3 is electrically connected directly to a glow tube 1 1 of the heating element 1 with a line g.
  • the heating element 1 is directly via a line 6 with the Glühzeit Kunststoffology 3 in electrical connection.
  • the fuse 2 can serve as an additional measure to prevent unwanted melting of the heating element 1 independently of Glühzeit Kunststoff Congress 3 and thus safely prevent engine damage, since with increasing temperature and the required power increases.
  • the Glühzeit tenutex 3 serves to control the glow plug, for example, by pulse width modulation from the on-board voltage of a motor vehicle with a voltage above their operating voltage to achieve a shorter heating time at low-voltage glow plugs, for example, within 3s heating time to 1000 ° C heating temperature, and depending on GLP - Resistance to regulate the temperature.
  • the heating element 1 further consists of a heating coil 12 which is connected to an inner side of a closed end 1 1 1 of the glow tube 1 1 with this in electrical connection. Further, a terminal bolt 14 is connected in series with the heating coil 12 and is partially disposed within the glow tube 1 1. Der Harleybolzen 14 ist mit dem Schuryl 12sky. Of the
  • Connection bolt 14 is further, depending on the optional connection of the fuse 2, electrically connected via the fuse 2 or directly to the Glühzeit Kunststoffbericht 3.
  • the heating coil 12 is made of a FeCrAl alloy in the preferred embodiment described here.
  • the interior of the glow tube 1 1 is filled with a filling material 15, which is the Heating coil 12 and the inside of the glow tube 1 1 arranged part of the connecting bolt 14 surrounds.
  • the filler material 15 in the preferred embodiment described here is made entirely of a silicon carbide NTC powder, but may also be present in a powder mixture.
  • Thermistor or NTC conductor shown.
  • the glow plug according to the embodiment described here is applied when applying a voltage through the
  • a fuel heater such as an ethanol heater in a Flex-start system
  • any form of electric tubular heater in which a non-insulated heating resistor in a

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bougie de préchauffage électrique, comprenant un élément chauffant (1) qui comporte un tube incandescent (11) fermé, un filament chauffant (12) électriquement conducteur, un embout de connexion (14) électriquement conducteur en liaison électrique avec le filament chauffant (12), et un matériau de remplissage (15), disposé dans le tube incandescent (11), qui entoure le filament chauffant (12) et une partie au moins de l'embout de connexion (14). Le filament chauffant (12) est constitué d'un matériau résistant aux températures élevées et possédant une grande résistivité pour un conducteur électrique et un faible coefficient de température et le matériau de remplissage (15) est constitué au moins en partie d'un matériau dont la résistivité présente un coefficient de température négatif. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de fabrication d'une telle bougie de préchauffage électrique, le tube incandescent (11) étant rempli au moins en partie d'un matériau dont la résistivité présente un coefficient de température négatif.
PCT/EP2014/060890 2013-06-26 2014-05-27 Bougie de préchauffage et procédé pour la fabriquer WO2014206671A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14728491.3A EP3014183B1 (fr) 2013-06-26 2014-05-27 Bougie de préchauffage et procédé pour la fabriquer
CN201480036595.4A CN105308391B (zh) 2013-06-26 2014-05-27 预热塞和它的制造方法

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013212275 2013-06-26
DE102013212275.6 2013-06-26
DE102013214558.6 2013-07-25
DE201310214558 DE102013214558A1 (de) 2013-06-26 2013-07-25 Glühstiftkerze und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014206671A1 true WO2014206671A1 (fr) 2014-12-31

Family

ID=52017418

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2014/060890 WO2014206671A1 (fr) 2013-06-26 2014-05-27 Bougie de préchauffage et procédé pour la fabriquer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3014183B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105308391B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013214558A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014206671A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106677951A (zh) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-17 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 预热塞、发动机及汽车

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018211950A1 (de) 2018-07-18 2020-01-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrische Heizeinrichtung
CN114855100B (zh) * 2022-05-11 2023-04-25 烟台卓越新能源科技股份有限公司 一种电热丝预处理方法及连续预处理装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10157466A1 (de) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektrisch beheizbare Glühkerze und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrisch beheizbaren Glühkerze
EP2105670A2 (fr) * 2008-03-26 2009-09-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bougie de préchauffage
DE102009046458A1 (de) * 2009-11-06 2011-05-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dotierung des Füllpulvers für Metall-Glühstiftkerze

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003051371A (ja) * 2001-05-28 2003-02-21 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd ヒータ及びグロープラグ

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10157466A1 (de) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektrisch beheizbare Glühkerze und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrisch beheizbaren Glühkerze
EP2105670A2 (fr) * 2008-03-26 2009-09-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bougie de préchauffage
DE102009046458A1 (de) * 2009-11-06 2011-05-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dotierung des Füllpulvers für Metall-Glühstiftkerze

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106677951A (zh) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-17 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 预热塞、发动机及汽车

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3014183B1 (fr) 2018-03-07
CN105308391A (zh) 2016-02-03
CN105308391B (zh) 2017-11-24
DE102013214558A1 (de) 2014-12-31
EP3014183A1 (fr) 2016-05-04

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