WO2014204028A1 - 박막 제조 방법 - Google Patents
박막 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014204028A1 WO2014204028A1 PCT/KR2013/005375 KR2013005375W WO2014204028A1 WO 2014204028 A1 WO2014204028 A1 WO 2014204028A1 KR 2013005375 W KR2013005375 W KR 2013005375W WO 2014204028 A1 WO2014204028 A1 WO 2014204028A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
- H01L21/02274—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition in the presence of a plasma [PECVD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/401—Oxides containing silicon
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02126—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02126—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC
- H01L21/0214—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC the material being a silicon oxynitride, e.g. SiON or SiON:H
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02164—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material being a silicon oxide, e.g. SiO2
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/0217—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material being a silicon nitride not containing oxygen, e.g. SixNy or SixByNz
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02205—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition
- H01L21/02208—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si
- H01L21/02211—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound being a silane, e.g. disilane, methylsilane or chlorosilane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/02227—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process
- H01L21/0223—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate
- H01L21/02233—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer
- H01L21/02236—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer group IV semiconductor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02296—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer
- H01L21/02318—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer post-treatment
- H01L21/02337—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer post-treatment treatment by exposure to a gas or vapour
- H01L21/0234—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer post-treatment treatment by exposure to a gas or vapour treatment by exposure to a plasma
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02524—Group 14 semiconducting materials
- H01L21/02529—Silicon carbide
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/0262—Reduction or decomposition of gaseous compounds, e.g. CVD
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thin film manufacturing method, and more particularly, to a thin film manufacturing method capable of a low temperature process, to obtain a thin film excellent in film quality.
- various thin films are necessary. That is, in manufacturing a semiconductor device, various thin films are formed on a substrate, and the thin films thus formed are patterned using a photo-etching process to form a device structure.
- As a method of manufacturing a thin film there are largely physical methods and chemical methods. Recently, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which forms a metal, dielectric or insulator thin film on a substrate by chemical reaction of gas, is mainly used for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- an insulator thin film in particular, a silicon oxide (SiO 2) thin film most commonly used in semiconductor device manufacturing is manufactured using TEOS (Tetraethyl orthosilicate) as a raw material. That is, the vaporized TEOS and oxygen are introduced into the process chamber loaded with the substrate, and the substrate is heated to a predetermined temperature or more to form a silicon oxide film while generating a reaction on the substrate surface.
- Plasma Enhanced CVD (PECVD) using plasma is used to more easily manufacture the silicon oxide film using TEOS with high quality. That is, after oxygen and vaporized TEOS is flowed into the process chamber, a plasma is generated inside the chamber, and the introduced gas is activated by the plasma to grow silicon oxide film on the substrate.
- PECVD Plasma Enhanced CVD
- the following patent publication proposes a technique for forming a silicon oxide film (SiO 2) by PECVD using TEOS.
- the thin film formation temperature range is still limited.
- the film quality of the thin film is poor at the temperature of 300 degrees or less, so it is difficult to use in the actual device, and at the temperature of 500 degrees or more, re-decomposition of the decomposed TEOS occurs, which adversely affects the thin film characteristics after the process is finished or causes particles There is a problem.
- TSV Through-silicon via
- a via hole is formed in each substrate, that is, a silicon wafer, a metal layer is filled, a thinning process is performed, and a TSV passivation insulating film (for example, a silicon oxide film) is formed in the via hole of the thinned silicon wafer. do.
- the general silicon wafer having a thickness of 750 um becomes thinner than 200 um, and in order to handle the thinned silicon wafer, a glass wafer or another silicon wafer (for example, a handling wafer) is bonded using a binder.
- the TSV passivation insulating film is formed to cap the metal layer filled in the via hole of the silicon wafer to which the handling wafer is bonded.
- the bonding agent that bonds between the wafers does not withstand high temperatures (eg, greater than 260 degrees), thereby causing the bonding surfaces between the wafers to lift or cause cracks. For this reason, a binder having a durability at high temperature is required, but a high cost is required to develop it, so a process capable of depositing at a low temperature is urgently needed.
- the present invention provides a thin film production method that can produce a high quality thin film even at low temperatures.
- the present invention provides a thin film manufacturing method that can use a variety of process conditions and equipment.
- this invention provides the manufacturing method which can obtain a thin film which is easy to process control and has the outstanding breakdown voltage.
- a thin film manufacturing method the process of preparing a substrate; Preparing a raw material including an organic silane having CxHy (where 1 ⁇ x ⁇ 9, 4 ⁇ y ⁇ 20, y> 2x) as a functional group; Vaporizing the raw material; Loading the substrate into a chamber; And supplying the vaporized raw material into the chamber.
- a thin film manufacturing method for manufacturing a thin film on a substrate comprising: preparing a substrate; Preparing a raw material including a compound having a SiH 2 as a basic structure, and a functional group including carbon and hydrogen linearly bonded to both sides of the basic structure; Vaporizing the raw material; Loading the substrate into a chamber; And supplying the vaporized raw material into the chamber.
- the functional group of the raw material is at least any one selected from methyl group (-CH 3 ), ethyl group (-C 2 H 5 ), benzyl group (-CH 2 -C 6 H 5 ), and phenyl group (-C 6 H 5 ) It may include one.
- the raw material may include C 4 H 12 Si.
- a reaction gas may be supplied to the chamber before the vaporized raw material is supplied, and the reaction gas is a gas that reacts with the raw material to form a thin film, and may include an oxygen-containing gas.
- the vaporized raw material may be supplied with a carrier gas, and the carrier gas may include at least one selected from helium, argon, and nitrogen.
- the thin film formed on the substrate may be an insulating film containing silicon.
- the process of supplying the vaporized raw material and the carrier gas is supplied to these chambers before the gas is supplied to the chamber, and then supplied into the chamber when the flow of the vaporized raw material is stabilized Good to do.
- plasma may be formed in the chamber to promote the formation of a thin film.
- the thin film is preferably formed in the temperature range of 80 to 250 degrees, it is good that the pressure at the time of manufacturing the thin film is 1 to 10 torr pressure range.
- the high frequency RF power and low frequency RF power may be applied to the gas spray body installed in the chamber of the thin film manufacturing apparatus for forming the plasma.
- the applied power for plasma formation can be varied while the thin film is formed.
- the high frequency RF power can be varied in the range of 100 to 1000 watts, or the low frequency RF power can be varied in the range of 100 to 900 watts.
- the total power of the high frequency RF power and the low frequency RF power may be varied in the range of 100 to 1300 watts.
- the inflow rate of the raw material may also be changed while the thin film is formed.
- the inflow of the vaporized raw material may be varied in a range of 50 to 700 sccm while depositing a thin film.
- the thin film may be deposited while increasing and decreasing the inflow amount while the RF power is fixed, or the thin film may be deposited while increasing the inflow amount and the RF power.
- the thin film manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention can produce a high quality thin film at low temperature using a new raw material.
- a thin film can be manufactured even at a low temperature of 250 degrees or less without lowering the film quality. From this, the device which requires a low temperature process can be manufactured more reliably and reliably.
- the prepared insulating thin film has excellent dielectric breakdown voltage characteristics, has a dense and dense characteristic, and can reduce wet etching rate.
- the thin film manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention can deposit a high quality thin film under various process conditions. That is, it is possible to manufacture a thin film at a wide range of process temperature, process pressure, and the like, and may utilize various thin film manufacturing methods and equipment.
- thin films of various materials may be manufactured using the same raw material. That is, by controlling the functional group or the reaction gas of the raw material, not only the silicon oxide film but also a thin film such as a nitride film, a carbide film, an oxide-nitride film, a carbide-nitride film, a boride-nitride film, a carbide-boride-nitride film, or the like can be produced.
- 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the chemical structure of the raw material of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a thin film manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a flow chart showing sequentially a thin film manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a graph of the results of the FTIR analysis of the silicon oxide film prepared under various conditions.
- 5 is a graph showing results of dielectric breakdown voltage measurements of silicon oxide films prepared under various conditions.
- Figure 6 is a wet etching rate measurement result graph of the silicon nitride film prepared under various conditions.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing the chemical structure of the raw material of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a thin film manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a thin film manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention Is a flow chart showing sequentially.
- temperature refers to degrees Celsius.
- the raw material includes a kind of organic silane precursor present in the liquid phase at room temperature.
- the raw material includes SiH 2 as a basic structure, and includes a compound in which functional groups including at least one of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen are linearly bonded to both sides of the basic structure.
- it includes a compound in which a functional group containing carbon and hydrogen are linearly bonded to both sides of the SiH 2 basic structure.
- a functional group CxHy (where 1 ⁇ x ⁇ 9, 4 ⁇ y ⁇ 20, y> 2x) is bonded to the basic structure (see a in FIG. 1).
- the functional groups may be combined with one functional group on both sides of the basic structure, such as left and right, one on one side of the basic structure, two on the other side, and two functional groups on each side of the basic structure. In this case, the same functional group may be coupled to both sides, or different functional groups may be combined.
- Si-H bonding energy is 75kJ / mol in the basic structure of SiH2, and when functional groups are attached to the basic structure, Si-O (110KJ / mol) and Si-C (76 KJ / mol depending on the type of functional group ), OC (85.5 KJ / mol), CH (99 KJ / mol), NH (93 KJ / mol) and the like.
- the dissociation energy decomposed according to the type of functional group is different, the magnitude of power applied to generate a plasma used in manufacturing a thin film may vary.
- the functional group can be prepared a raw material having different dissociation energy and decomposition conditions, it can be utilized in the manufacture of the desired thin film.
- the organic silane having CxHy as a functional group can vary the element ratio of the functional group CxHy. That is, functional groups such as methyl group (-CH 3 ), ethyl group (-C 2 H 5 ), benzyl group (-CH 2 -C 6 H 5 ), and phenyl group (-C 6 H 5 ) are bonded to the SiH 2 basic structure. Can be.
- a compound having a structure in which a CH 3 -CH 2 group is linearly bonded to a central Si is used as a raw material.
- the C 4 H 12 Si raw material has a lower vaporization temperature, a lower molecular weight, and a higher vapor pressure than the conventional TEOS. That is, TEOS has a vaporization temperature of 168 degrees, a molecular weight of 208, and a vapor pressure of 1.2 torr at 20 degrees. On the other hand, C4H12Si raw material has a vaporization temperature of 56 degrees, a molecular weight of 88.2, and a vapor pressure of about 208 torr at 20 degrees. Accordingly, the C 4 H 12 Si raw material can be vaporized at a low temperature, and the thin film can be easily deposited at a low temperature.
- H 12 C 4 Si is because the reaction and the reaction gas-H break the bond Si (75kj / mol), initial dissociation energy is also C 4 Since H 12 Si is lower than TEOS, it is advantageous for deposition at low temperatures.
- the thin film manufacturing apparatus includes a chamber 10, a substrate support 30, and a gas sprayer 20.
- a gas supply source for supplying various gases to the gas injection body 20 and means for applying power to the gas injection body.
- the chamber 10 includes a main body 12 having an open upper portion, and a top lid 11 installed on the upper portion of the main body 12 to be opened and closed.
- a space portion in which the processing for the substrate S is performed for example, a deposition process, is formed in the chamber 10. .
- the space portion should generally be formed in a vacuum atmosphere, an exhaust port for discharging gas existing in the space portion is formed at a predetermined position of the chamber 10, and the exhaust port 50 is connected to an exhaust pipe 50 connected to an externally provided pump 40. ).
- the bottom surface of the main body 12 is formed with a through hole into which the rotation shaft of the substrate support part 30 to be described later is inserted.
- a gate valve (not shown) is formed on the sidewall of the main body 12 to carry the substrate S into or into the chamber 10.
- substrate support part 30 is a structure for supporting the board
- Support plate 31 is provided in a horizontal direction in the chamber 10 in the shape of a disk, the rotating shaft 32 is connected to the bottom of the support plate 31 vertically.
- the rotating shaft 32 is connected to a driving means (not shown) such as an external motor through a through hole to lift and rotate the support plate 31.
- a heater (not shown) is provided below or inside the support plate 31 to heat the substrate S to a constant process temperature. For example, it can be heated and maintained in the range of 80 to 250 degrees.
- the gas injector 20 is provided to be spaced apart from the upper portion of the substrate support part 30, and injects a process gas such as a vaporized raw material, a carrier gas, a reaction gas, and an auxiliary gas toward the substrate support part 30.
- the gas injector 20 is a shower head type, in which different types of gases introduced from the outside are mixed, and spray these gases toward the substrate S.
- the gas injection body may use various types of injectors such as an injector or a nozzle.
- the gas injection body 20 is connected to a gas supply source and a gas supply line for supplying various process gases.
- the raw material supply source 71 for supplying the raw material material, the raw material supply source 71 and the raw material supply line 82 connected between the gas injection body 20 is provided on the raw material supply line 82 And a first valve 92 for controlling the supply of the raw material.
- the raw material supply source 71 includes storage means for storing the liquid raw material, vaporization means for receiving the liquid raw material and vaporizing it, and carrier gas supply means for storing and supplying the carrier gas.
- the vaporization means may use a vaporizer or a bubbler, which is a general means and will not be described in detail.
- Discharge lines through which vaporized raw materials are discharged are connected with discharge lines of the carrier gas supply means, and these discharge lines are connected with raw material supply lines 82.
- a raw material discharge line 84 is connected between the raw material supply source 71 and the exhaust pipe 50 of the chamber 10, and the third valve for controlling the discharge of the raw material on the raw material discharge line 84 ( 94 is provided.
- the reaction gas supply source 72 and the reaction gas supply line 83 for supplying the reaction gas are connected to the gas injector 20, and the second valve 93 for controlling the supply of the reaction gas on the reaction gas supply line 83 is provided. ) Is provided.
- the raw material supply line 82 and the reaction gas supply line 83 may be coupled to the outside of the chamber before being connected to the gas injector 20, and a main control valve 91 may be provided on the coupling line.
- the raw material supply line 82 and the reaction gas supply line 83 may be respectively connected to the gas injection body 20 to supply gas.
- the thin film manufacturing apparatus is provided with a plasma generation part. That is, a plasma generating unit may be provided to generate plasma in the chamber to excite various process gases to make the active species.
- the power supply means 60 is connected to the gas sprayer 20. From this, RF (Radio Frequency) power is applied to the gas injector 20 above the substrate of the chamber 10 and the substrate support is grounded to excite the plasma by using RF power in the reaction space, which is a deposition space in the chamber. It can be driven in a Capacitively Coupled Plasma (CCP) manner.
- CCP Capacitively Coupled Plasma
- the method of using plasma for manufacturing a thin film has the advantage that it is possible to easily activate and deposit the reaction gas even at a low temperature, and has the advantage of forming a high quality thin film by applying a small amount of energy at a high temperature.
- the RF power may use at least one of a high frequency RF power and a low frequency RF power. That is, high frequency RF power and low frequency RF power may be applied together to the showerhead, or may be applied alone.
- the frequency band of the high frequency RF power is about 3 ⁇ 30MHz
- the frequency band of the low frequency RF power is about 30 ⁇ 3000KHz, for example, a high frequency RF power of 13.56MHz frequency and a low frequency RF power of 400KHz frequency can be used.
- high frequency RF power may use a range of about 100 to 700 watts
- low frequency RF power may use a range of 0 to 600 watts. It is advisable to adjust the total power of the high frequency and low frequency RF power to the range of 100 to 1300 watts, to change the high frequency RF power to the 100 to 1000 watt range, or to change the low frequency RF power to the 100 to 900 watt range. good.
- the size of the RF power is a range required to decompose or activate the raw material and the reaction gas.
- the plasma generating unit may include a coil to generate the plasma in an inductive determination method.
- the plasma generating unit may include a coil to generate the plasma in an inductive determination method.
- outside the chamber 10 or in the gas spraying body 20 coupled to the chamber may be implemented in a remote plasma method of supplying the gas to the substrate by making the active state by the plasma excitation, but various methods are not limited thereto. Can be applied.
- the thin film manufacturing apparatus When the deposition process is performed in the thin film manufacturing apparatus configured as described above, various process gases are supplied to the upper portion of the substrate S through the gas injector 20, and plasma is formed in the chamber 20, thereby forming active paper on the substrate. A thin film is formed to be supplied, and residual gas and by-products are discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 50.
- the thin film manufacturing apparatus may be variously changed in addition to the above description.
- the thin film manufacturing method includes preparing a substrate, preparing a raw material, vaporizing the raw material, loading the substrate into the chamber, and supplying the vaporized raw material into the chamber.
- the substrate S is prepared (S10).
- the substrate S for example, a silicon wafer may be used, and a substrate of various materials may be utilized as necessary.
- a raw material is prepared (S20).
- the raw material includes a kind of organic silane precursor present in the liquid phase at room temperature. Since the raw material has been described above, overlapping description is omitted.
- SiH 2 is used as a base structure, and a precursor compound in which functional groups including carbon and hydrogen are linearly bonded to both sides of the base structure is selected.
- the functional group selects a precursor having an ethyl group (—C 2 H 5) bonded to SiH 2 , that is, C 4 H 12 Si.
- the raw material is made into a gaseous state using a known vaporizer such as a vaporizer or bubbler.
- a known vaporizer such as a vaporizer or bubbler.
- the liquid raw material may be bubbled using gases such as argon (Ar), hydrogen (H 2 ), oxygen (O 2 ), nitrogen (N 2 ), and helium (He). Can be.
- the substrate is loaded into the chamber (S40). That is, the substrate S, for example, a silicon wafer is mounted on the substrate support in the chamber. In this case, a single substrate or a plurality of substrates S may be mounted on the substrate support, and a heater is mounted in the substrate support to heat the substrate to an appropriate temperature.
- the inside of the chamber is adjusted to a desired vacuum pressure, and the temperature of the substrate S is controlled by heating the substrate support portion.
- the process temperature is controlled in the range of 80 to 250 degrees Celsius. If the process temperature is lower than 80 degrees because the thin film is produced to cause particles to deteriorate the film quality characteristics, and if it exceeds 250 degrees because it adversely affects subsequent processes.
- the substrate is exposed to various gases (S50 to S70). That is, the vaporized raw material and the reaction gas are introduced into the chamber.
- the raw material is a material containing an element that is the main component of the thin film and the reaction gas is a gas that reacts with the raw material to form a thin film.
- the reaction gas is a gas that reacts with the raw material to form a thin film.
- a silicon oxide thin film is to be formed, a raw material containing silicon (eg, C 4 H 12 Si) is used as a raw material, and a gas containing oxygen such as oxygen or ozone is used as a reaction gas.
- the raw material and the reactant gas may be injected simultaneously into the chamber, or either gas may be injected first.
- the reaction gas may be introduced into the chamber (S50), and then the vaporized raw material may be introduced (S70).
- the vaporized raw material is preferably supplied with a carrier gas (S60).
- the carrier gas may be introduced before the raw material or simultaneously.
- Carrier gas facilitates the flow of raw material gas and enables accurate control.
- a carrier gas it is preferable to use an inert gas which does not affect the raw material. For example, at least one selected from helium, argon and nitrogen.
- the reaction gas is selected according to the material of the thin film to be produced, and in this embodiment, an oxygen-containing gas, a nitrogen-containing gas, a hydrocarbon compound (CxHy, where 1 ⁇ x ⁇ 9, 4 ⁇ y ⁇ 20, y> 2x), and boron At least one selected from a containing gas and a silicon containing gas.
- an auxiliary gas may be further used to promote the formation of a thin film.
- an auxiliary gas may be selected according to the thin film and the reaction gas to be formed.
- oxygen which is a reaction gas
- Carrier gas eg helium
- vaporized C 4 H 12 Si raw material were introduced through the raw material discharge line 84 and the third valve 94 while oxygen was introduced into the chamber through the gas spray body 20.
- the third valve 94 When the flow of the C 4 H 12 Si raw material and the carrier gas is stabilized, the third valve 94 is turned off, the first valve 92 is turned on, and the C 4 H 12 Si raw material is passed through the gas injector 20.
- the carrier gas is injected onto the substrate. Therefore, oxygen, gaseous C 4 H 12 Si raw material and carrier gas, which are reaction gases, are mixed in the gas injector 20 and sprayed onto the substrate S.
- Process gas flows into the chamber 20 and RF power is applied to the gas sprayer 20, that is, the shower head in a state where the internal pressure is maintained at a predetermined pressure (S80).
- the method of using plasma for manufacturing a thin film has the advantage that it is possible to easily activate and deposit the reaction gas even at a low temperature, and has the advantage of forming a high quality thin film by applying a small amount of energy at a high temperature.
- the process pressure is preferably maintained at 1 to 10 torr. If the process pressure is less than 1 torr, the deposition rate on the substrate is too slow to decrease the productivity. If the process pressure is more than 10 torr, the deposition rate is excessively increased, thereby reducing the density of the film to be produced.
- the process gas when the process gas is introduced and the plasma is generated, the gases are converted into active species and moved on the substrate to form a thin film by reacting silicon of C 4 H 12 Si with oxygen as a reaction gas. Power and pressure are maintained for a predetermined time until a thin film of a desired thickness is formed. Even though the thin film is formed at a low temperature, since the raw material and the reaction gas sufficiently react to form a thin film, the dielectric breakdown voltage and the wet etch rate characteristics are excellent. In this case, the process temperature, pressure, gas inflow amount, the intensity of the applied power may be varied according to the thin film manufacturing method and equipment.
- the thin film is manufactured by changing the applied voltage, the amount of gas supplied, it is possible to produce a thinner and more excellent thin film electrical properties.
- the thin film is manufactured at a low temperature of 250 degrees or less, the thin film is grown at a low temperature, so the characteristics of the entire thin film may be unstable. Accordingly, the characteristics of the entire thin film can be controlled by varying the density of the film deposited at the interface with the initial substrate and the film surface after the predetermined thickness growth. In addition, by varying the thickness direction densities of the thin film, it is possible to precisely control the dielectric breakdown voltage and the wet etch rate characteristics.
- the applied voltage or the amount of raw material inflow is increased, decreased, or increased and then decreased to control the density of the film in the thickness direction of the formed thin film.
- the thin film may be manufactured while gradually increasing the total RF power of the applied voltage from 100 watts to 1300 watts while flowing a predetermined amount of raw materials in the deposition step.
- the thin film may be formed while gradually increasing the raw material inflow amount from 50 sccm to 700 sccm and decreasing it to 50 sccm while maintaining a constant plasma generation power in the deposition step.
- the raw material inflow is increased from 50 sccm to 700 sccm in the deposition step.
- the process can be performed with an increase in applied power from 100 watts to 1300 watts.
- the applied power range means the minimum and maximum power range required to decompose or activate the raw material and the reaction gas, and the range of the inflow amount of the raw material reacts with a single or another reaction gas in the chamber to manufacture the thin film. It means the range of minimum and maximum amount of raw material which can form high quality thin film.
- the prepared thin film may be plasma treated (S90). That is, after the thin film is manufactured, oxygen or N 2 O plasma is generated for a predetermined time to remove unreacted bonds or particles remaining on the surface of the film, and the surface of the thin film is plasma treated. When all processes are complete, the substrate is unloaded out of the chamber and moved to the next process.
- the thin film may be manufactured using various manufacturing methods or equipment. That is, the thin film may be manufactured by a deposition method such as sub-atmospheric CVD (SACVD), radical assisted CVD (RACVD), remote plasma CVD (RPCVD), and ALD.
- SACVD is a method of depositing while maintaining the process pressure in the range of 200 to 700 torr, a pressure slightly lower than atmospheric pressure, the gas injection method is the same as the manufacturing method. That is, the raw material and other reaction gas are introduced into the chamber through the gas inlet, and the thin film is deposited while maintaining a high pressure.
- RPCVD is a method of supplying active species to the chamber by forming a plasma outside the chamber, i.e., at a remote location away from the chamber, and RACVD is to form a plasma in a showerhead coupled to the chamber to supply active species onto the substrate. That's the way.
- RACVD or RPCVD has the advantage of minimizing damage to the substrate because the deposition process is performed after the gas is activated and introduced into the chamber using a remote plasma.
- the atomic layer thin film deposition method is a method of separating and supplying process gases to form a thin film by surface saturation of the process gases.
- the raw material gas is supplied into the chamber and the monoatomic layer is chemically adsorbed to the surface of the substrate through reaction with the surface of the substrate, and the purge gas is supplied to remove the raw material gases, which are in physical adsorption or remaining by the purge gas.
- the reaction gas is supplied on the first monolayer, the second layer is grown through the reaction of the source gas and the reaction gas, and the purge gas is supplied to remove the reaction gases that did not react with the first layer. This process is repeated to form a thin film.
- the silicon wafer is moved into the chamber and seated on a substrate support held at 100 to 150 degrees. Subsequently, it is pumped and maintained in a vacuum state to maintain a vacuum inside the chamber. At this time, the vacuum pressure is approximately 5 torr. As such, 5000 sccm of oxygen (O 2), which is a reaction gas, is introduced into the chamber through a gas spray, that is, a shower head, under a process temperature controlled. At this time, the pressure inside the chamber is maintained at about 5 torr or less, and the showerhead is maintained at a constant temperature. For example, a fluid maintained at 85 degrees is circulated through the showerhead to control the temperature of the showerhead. Since the thin film deposition is a low temperature process that proceeds at low temperatures, when the showerhead temperature is lowered to 60 degrees or less, a pollutant is generated. In order to prevent this, to maintain a constant temperature of the shower head.
- O 2 oxygen
- a gas spray that is, a shower head
- Reaction gas 5000 sccm, carrier gas helium 4500 sccm and vaporized C 4 H 12 Si 200 sccm is mixed in the shower head is introduced into the chamber.
- RF power is applied to the showerhead to generate plasma in the chamber.
- the plasma generated RF power is applied to the high frequency RF power 800 watts, low frequency RF power 300 watts.
- the gases are activated by the applied RF power, react on the substrate and deposit into a thin film. If the thin film of the desired thickness is formed by maintaining this state for a predetermined time, the deposition process is terminated.
- oxygen or N 2 O plasma treatment is performed for about 5 seconds to remove unreacted bonds or particles on the surface of the thin film, and unreacted gas and residual gas are purged with He and O 2 gas out of the chamber. .
- the completed substrate is moved out of the chamber.
- FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- a is a graph showing a conventional silicon oxide film produced at a process temperature of 350 degrees using TEOS
- b is a graph showing a silicon oxide film made at a process temperature of 150 degrees using C4H12Si.
- the oxide film of the embodiment produced at a relatively low temperature compared to the TEOS process is a silicon oxide film that is observed to have a stable bond with a similar bonding structure when compared with the FTIR spectrum of the oxide film prepared at a high temperature even though deposited at a low temperature You can check it.
- peak intensities such as Si-H and Si-OH are so weak that less hydrogen groups are distributed in the thin film.
- Insulation breakdown voltage was measured by applying a voltage to the prepared oxide film.
- 5 is a graph showing a result of measuring breakdown voltage of a silicon oxide film manufactured under various conditions.
- (a) is a graph showing the measurement results of a conventional silicon oxide film manufactured at a process temperature of 350 degrees using TEOS
- (b) is a measurement of a plurality of silicon oxide films prepared at a process temperature of 150 degrees using C4H12Si.
- both oxide films have excellent dielectric breakdown voltages of 9 MV / cm or more.
- the silicon oxide film manufactured using C 4 H 12 Si exhibited stable voltage characteristics without leakage current until dielectric breakdown, and dielectric breakdown began to exceed 9 MV / cm.
- the prepared oxide film was wet etched using HF solution and the result was measured. That is, a plurality of wafers prepared with a silicon oxide film were dipped and etched in a dilute solution in which HF was mixed with pure water so that the ratio of pure water to HF was 200: 1, and the etching rate was measured.
- 6 is a result graph showing the wet etch rate of the silicon oxide film prepared under various conditions. a is a graph showing a conventional silicon oxide film produced at a process temperature of 350 degrees using TEOS, and b is a graph showing a silicon oxide film made at a process temperature of 150 degrees using C4H12Si.
- the etch rate indicates the etch rate of the TEOS-oxide film as 1, and relatively indicates the etch rate of the oxide film of this embodiment.
- the oxide film of the embodiment has a lower etching rate than the conventional and exhibits excellent etching characteristics.
- the silicon oxide film of the embodiment is formed as a dense thin film having excellent electrical and mechanical properties even when formed at a low temperature.
- the temperature at which the thin film is formed is low, since the decomposition reaction of the raw material is lower than at high temperature, the probability of including hydrogen groups in the thin film increases, and a large amount of hydrogen bonds remain in the thin film. Hydrogen bonds are hydrophilic, increasing the wet etch rate. Wet etch rate is also closely related to the density of the membrane, ie density. That is, when the wet etching rate is high, it means that the film quality is not dense.
- hydrogen is present in the thin film, it is substituted or combined with other atoms to form electrical defects.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage and the wet etching characteristics are excellent. This is because the vaporization temperature of the raw material C 4 H 12 Si is low and the dissociation energy is small. In other words, the bond between the elements of the C 4 H 12 Si raw material is easily broken and the probability of reacting with the reaction gas increases, so that the proportion of hydrogen bonds as a byproduct after the reaction is reduced in the thin film. As such, since the content of hydrogen bonds in the thin film is lowered, various characteristics of the thin film are improved. In addition, since it has a high reactivity with the reaction gas it can have a pure silicon oxide film characteristics at a low temperature.
- a silicon nitride film can be formed by using a nitrogen-containing gas such as nitrogen (N 2 ), ammonia (NH 3 ), and the same process as described above. That is, silicon of C 4 H 12 Si and nitrogen of the reaction gas may react to form a silicon nitride film. Nitrogen (N 2 ) and ammonia (NH 3 ) gas was used as the reaction gas, and the silicon nitride film prepared while changing the process temperature in the range of 100 to 500 degrees was evaluated. 7 is a graph of FTIR analysis results of silicon nitride films prepared under various conditions. As shown in FIG. 7, it can be seen that the silicon nitride film has stable inter-element bonds in a wide temperature range of 100 to 500 degrees.
Abstract
Description
Claims (18)
- 박막 제조 방법으로서,기판을 마련하는 과정;작용기로 CxHy(여기서, 1≤x≤9, 4≤y≤20, y>2x)를 가지는 유기 실란을 포함하는 원료물질을 준비하는 과정;상기 원료물질을 기상화하는 과정;상기 기판을 챔버 내로 로딩하는 과정; 및상기 챔버 내로 상기 기상화된 원료물질을 공급하는 과정을 포함하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 박막 제조 방법으로서,기판을 마련하는 과정;SiH2를 기본 구조로 하고, 상기 기본 구조의 양측에 탄소 및 수소를 포함하는 작용기가 선형으로 결합되어 이루어진 화합물을 포함하는 원료물질을 준비하는 과정;상기 원료물질을 기상화하는 과정;상기 기판을 챔버 내로 로딩하는 과정; 및상기 챔버 내로 상기 기상화된 원료물질을 공급하는 과정을 포함하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 1 또는 청구항 2에 있어서,상기 원료물질은 C4H12Si 를 포함하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 1 또는 청구항 2에 있어서,상기 작용기는 메틸기(-CH3), 에틸기(-C2H5), 벤질기(-CH2-C6H5), 및 페닐기(-C6H5) 중에서 선택되는 적어도 어느 하나를 포함하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 3에 있어서,상기 기상화된 원료물질을 공급하기 전에 상기 챔버로 반응가스를 공급하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 5에 있어서,상기 반응가스는 원료물질과 반응하여 박막을 형성하는 가스로, 산소 함유 가스를 포함하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 3에 있어서,상기 기상화된 원료물질은 캐리어 가스와 함께 공급하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 7에 있어서,상기 캐리어 가스는 헬륨, 아르곤 및 질소 중에서 선택되는 적어도 어느 하나를 포함하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 5 내지 청구항 8 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 기판상에 형성되는 박막은 실리콘을 함유하는 절연막인 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 7에 있어서,상기 기상화된 원료물질과 캐리어 가스를 공급하는 과정은 이들 가스를 챔버로 공급하기 전에, 상기 챔버의 배기관으로 공급한 후, 상기 기상화된 원료물질의 유동이 안정화되면 상기 챔버 내로 공급하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 10에 있어서,상기 기상화된 원료물질을 공급한 후, 상기 챔버 내에 플라즈마를 형성하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 11에 있어서,상기 박막을 80 내지 250도 온도 범위에서 형성하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,상기 박막을 1 내지 10 torr 압력 범위에서 형성하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 11에 있어서,상기 플라즈마 형성을 위해 상기 챔버의 가스분사체에 고주파 RF 파워 및 저주파 RF 파워 중 적어도 하나를 인가하는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 14에 있어서,상기 박막을 증착하면서 고주파 RF 파워를 100 내지 1000 와트 범위로 변화시키거나, 저주파 RF 파워를 100 내지 900 와트 범위로 변화시키는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 14에 있어서,상기 박막을 증착하면서 고주파 RF 파워와 저주파 RF 파워를 합한 총 파워를 100 내지 1300 와트 범위로 변화시키는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 14 내지 청구항 16 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 박막을 증착하면서 상기 기상화된 원료물질의 유입량을 50 내지 700sccm 범위에서 변화시키는 박막 제조 방법.
- 청구항 17에 있어서,상기 RF 파워를 고정시킨 상태에서 상기 유입량을 증가시키다가 감소시키면서 박막을 증착하거나, 상기 유입량과 상기 RF 파워를 증가시키면서 박막을 증착하는 박막 제조 방법.
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US20050020048A1 (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2005-01-27 | Nemani Srinivas D. | Method of depositing dielectric films |
KR20090036068A (ko) * | 2006-05-30 | 2009-04-13 | 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 | 실리콘 함유 전구체 및 원자 산소를 이용하는 고품질플로우-형 실리콘 이산화물의 화학적 기상 증착 |
KR20080084593A (ko) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-19 | 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 | 유전체 물질을 포함하는 실리콘 형성에서의 개선된 갭-충진증착 방법 및 장치 |
KR20090040867A (ko) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-27 | 어플라이드 머티어리얼스, 인코포레이티드 | 트렌치 내에 유전층을 형성시키는 방법 |
US20110256721A1 (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-20 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour I'etude Et I'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Ruthenium-containing precursors for cvd and ald |
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US20160247676A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
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