WO2014198103A1 - 一种捞水式排水采气机 - Google Patents
一种捞水式排水采气机 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014198103A1 WO2014198103A1 PCT/CN2013/087283 CN2013087283W WO2014198103A1 WO 2014198103 A1 WO2014198103 A1 WO 2014198103A1 CN 2013087283 W CN2013087283 W CN 2013087283W WO 2014198103 A1 WO2014198103 A1 WO 2014198103A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- sealing
- frame
- runner
- liquid
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coal seam gas well drainage gas collecting device, in particular to a fishing water drainage mining method [Background]
- coalbed methane wells can solve the safety problems before coal mining, and coalbed methane is an important clean energy resource.
- the CBM wells mainly adopt the drainage and gas recovery method. By discharging the formation water in the coal and rock reservoirs, the pressure of the coal and rock reservoirs is reduced, and the coalbed methane adsorbed in the coal seams is desorbed. Under the pressure difference, the coalbed methane passes. The void channels of the coal seam diffuse to the bottom of the well and then exit the formation. Effectively releasing the adsorption state of coalbed methane by drainage is the key to the production of coalbed methane wells. At present, there are mainly artificial lift lifting and drainage equipments with rod pumps.
- the invention aims to provide a fishing type drainage gas collecting machine which has the advantages of light load, good safety, simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, low investment, good energy saving effect, no wear and sealing, high reliability, long service life and convenient operation. Advantages such as intelligent control to achieve stable and efficient drainage of coalbed methane wells.
- a fishing type drainage gas collecting machine which comprises a hoisting and power mechanism, a frame, a sealing transmission mechanism and a drainage mechanism;
- the power mechanism comprises a motor, a winch, a rope arranging device and a first wire rope
- the frame comprises a bottom frame, a rail frame and a main frame, the support frame and the main frame adopt a truss structure, and the main frame is fixed inside the rail frame, the chassis The interior is used for arranging the hoist and the rope arranging device; the support frame is fixed on the chassis;
- the seal transmission mechanism includes a transmission pulley block for realizing the first wire rope power, and a liquid-tight sealing pipe for realizing gas sealing in a pipeline;
- the drainage mechanism comprises a water conduit, a collision prevention spring, a barrel tube, an air guiding tube, a second gate valve, a wellhead flange, a downhole casing, a fishing bucket, an outlet pipe, a self-balancing single flow valve, a check valve, a guiding head , positioning cover and safety valve;
- the barrel tube is connected to the liquid-blocking sealing pipe through a connecting pipe, the water guiding pipe and the air guiding pipe are all installed on the barrel tube, and the water guiding tube is located above the air guiding tube; the water collecting barrel is located in the barrel tube; the first steel wire rope passes After the rope arranging device, bypassing the transmission pulley block and the liquid-repellent sealing pipe to reach the arranging mechanism, sequentially passing through the positioning cover, the connecting pipe, and the capacity arranged in a coaxially concentric manner according to the top-down structure a barrel tube, a collision prevention spring, a wellhead flange, a downhole casing, an outlet pipe, a self-balancing single flow valve, a fishing bucket, a check valve, a guiding head and fixedly connected to the guiding head;
- a safety valve is mounted on the connecting line for discharging high pressure gas to the outside air when the air pressure in the discharge mechanism exceeds a critical value.
- the fishing water drainage gas extractor described in the present invention has a simple structure, is convenient to install, debug and maintain, and can greatly save costs. No need for lifting equipment, the rack can be adjusted to height as needed to facilitate downhole equipment inspection and optimize the use of the equipment.
- the liquid sealing technology used in the present invention has the advantages of good stability, obvious effect, low wear resistance and low cost compared with the contact sealing.
- a self-balancing single-flow valve is used in the underground water bucket, which ensures a single-passing of the water flow and a sealing effect on the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas environment under the well.
- the water collecting type water collecting equipment has clear structure and clear execution mechanism, and is convenient for realizing automatic control, and can realize long-term stable drainage of the coalbed methane well, thereby greatly saving manpower.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a fishing type drainage gas collecting machine provided by an example of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the rack mechanism.
- the utility model provides a fishing type drainage gas collecting machine, which comprises a hoisting and power mechanism, a frame, a sealing transmission mechanism and a drainage mechanism.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiment by way of example, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
- the hoisting and power mechanism includes a motor 101, a first hoist 102, a rope arranger 103, and a first wire rope 104.
- the frame includes a chassis 201, a rail frame 202 and a main frame 203.
- the rail frame 202 and the main frame 203 adopt a truss structure
- the chassis 201 is fixed on the ground
- the interior is used for arranging the first hoist 102 and the row.
- the rail frame 202 is fixed to the chassis 201 by bolts
- the main frame 203 having a slightly smaller cross-sectional shape is fixed inside the rail frame 202 by a bolt structure
- the main frame 203 has a larger height than the rail frame 202.
- the sealing transmission mechanism includes a liquid suction pipe 301, a first rotating wheel 302, a first rotating wheel sealing cover 303, an upstream sealing pipe 304, a liquid supply pump 305, a liquid supply tank 306, a liquid supply pipe 307, and a second rotating wheel 308.
- the upstream sealed connecting pipe 318 and the downward sealed connecting pipe 317 is provided.
- the wheel seal cover 303, the first gate valve 313, the up seal joint pipe 318, the up seal pipe 304, and the return pipe 312 are sequentially connected and formed into a circuit.
- the first runner 302 and the seal water are sealed in the first runner seal cover 303.
- the top of the main frame 203 is arranged with a platform on which the second rotating wheel 308 and the third rotating wheel 310 are mounted, and the second rotating wheel 308 can be exposed without sealing, and the third rotating wheel sealing cover 309 seals the third reel 310 and the high pressure gas inside.
- the first runner sealing cover 303 and the liquid supply tank 306 are fixed on the chassis 201, and the upstream sealing tube 304 and the downward sealing tube 311 are fixed on the main frame 203 by brackets.
- the first wire rope 104 of the first hoisting machine 102 passes through the rope arranging device 103, bypasses the second rotating wheel 308, passes through the upstream sealing pipe 304 and the upstream sealing connecting pipe 318, enters the first rotating wheel sealing cover 303 and bypasses the first
- the runner 302 passes through the descending sealing connecting pipe 317 and the descending sealing pipe 311, enters the third rotating wheel sealing cover 309, bypasses the third rotating wheel 310, and reaches the discharging mechanism.
- the liquid supply pump 305 is used for supplying power, and the water in the liquid supply tank 306 is injected into the upstream sealing pipe 304, the first rotating wheel sealing cover 303, the descending sealing pipe 311 and the return pipe 312 through the liquid supply pipe 307, and then returned to the liquid supply.
- the liquid storage tank 316 and the downward sealing pipe 311 have two upper and lower connecting pipes: a liquid level pipe 314 on the liquid storage tank and a liquid level lower pipe 315 on the liquid storage tank for guiding the flow and monitoring the water level in the downward sealing pipe 311.
- the opening and closing of the first gate valve 313 realizes the control of the liquid supply circuit of the sealing mechanism, and in the case of shutdown or the like, the sealing of the liquid in the sealing mechanism can be realized.
- the first wire rope disposed on the first hoisting machine sequentially bypasses the second rotating wheel 308, the first rotating wheel 302, and the third rotating wheel 310, and the three rotating wheels cooperate with each other to realize the transmission of the first wire rope power.
- the drainage mechanism includes a connecting pipeline (including a metal hose 401, a telescopic sleeve 402, a transition duct 403), a water conduit 404, a collision preventing spring 405, a barrel tube 406, an air guiding tube 407, a second gate valve 408, and a wellhead.
- a connecting pipeline including a metal hose 401, a telescopic sleeve 402, a transition duct 403
- a water conduit 404 including a metal hose 401, a telescopic sleeve 402, a transition duct 403
- a water conduit 404 includes a water conduit 404, a collision preventing spring 405, a barrel tube 406, an air guiding tube 407, a second gate valve 408, and a wellhead.
- the first wire rope 104 sequentially passes through the positioning cover 416, the metal hose 401, the telescopic sleeve 402, the transition tube 403, the barrel tube 406, the collision prevention spring 405, which are arranged in a coaxially concentric manner in a top-down configuration.
- the wellhead flange 409, the downhole casing 410, the water outlet pipe 412, the self-balancing single flow valve 413, the fishing bucket 411, the check valve 414, the guiding head 415 are fixedly connected to the guiding head, and the check valve 414 and the guiding head 41 are fixed.
- a self-balancing single-flow valve 413 is installed at the bottom end of the outlet pipe 412.
- the positioning cover 416 limits the active position of the first wire rope 104 to the center of the casing of the drainage mechanism In position, the metal hose 401 as a connection mechanism connects the third rotor seal cover 309 with the telescopic sleeve 402, on the one hand, the length of the connection tube can be changed as needed, and on the other hand, a good seal against high pressure gas is achieved.
- the transition tube 403 connects the telescopic sleeve 402 and the barrel tube 406 together, and has a water conduit 404 on one side thereof for discharging water drawn by the water bucket 411.
- the inner diameter of the barrel 406 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the water bucket 411.
- the fishing bucket 411 can move up and down inside the barrel 406, and the anti-collision spring 405 is installed in the barrel 406 to prevent the fishing bucket 411 from colliding strongly.
- the barrel tube 406 causes the equipment to be damaged, so as to ensure the smooth stop of the equipment under the continuous action of the first wire rope in the event of an accident, and to ensure safety.
- the second gate valve 408 can brake the first wire rope as needed to achieve safe parking of the device and maintain the sealing of the high pressure gas with the aid of the sealing structure.
- the wellhead flange 409 is coupled to the downhole casing 410 to provide a seal to the wellhead.
- the check valve 414 and the guiding head 415 are disposed at the bottom end of the fishing bucket 411.
- the one-way valve 414 is closed, and the first wire rope 104 pulls the guiding head 415 installed at the bottom end of the fishing bucket 411, and the fishing bucket 411 Ascending, reaching the vicinity of the wellhead, encountering the self-balancing single-flow valve 413, the fishing bucket is sleeved with the self-balancing single-flow valve 413, and the outer sealing ring of the self-balancing single-flow valve 413 maintains the sealing of the fishing bucket, under the action of tension, self-balancing The single flow valve 413 is opened, and the liquid is discharged through the water conduit 404 through the water outlet pipe 412.
- the high-pressure coal seam gas is exhausted through the air guiding pipe 407, and the coalbed methane can be obtained.
- the safety valve 417 is installed at the lower part of the third runner sealing cover 309, and the opening direction of the valve body directly faces the external space. When the air pressure in the discharge mechanism exceeds a critical value, in order to prevent the equipment from being damaged, the safety valve 417 is automatically opened, and the high pressure gas is discharged to In the outside air, safe production is guaranteed.
- the first wire rope 104 passes through the rope arranging device 103, it successively bypasses the second rotating wheel 308, passes through the upstream sealing pipe 304, enters the first rotating wheel sealing cover 303 and bypasses the first rotating wheel 302, and passes through the descending sealing pipe. 311, enter the third rotor sealing cover 309, bypass the third rotating wheel 310 and then reach the discharging mechanism, and sequentially pass through the metal hose 401, the telescopic sleeve 402, the transition tube 403, the barrel tube 406, the anti-collision spring 405.
- the wellhead flange 409, the downhole casing 410, the fishing bucket 411, the water outlet pipe 412, the self-balancing single flow valve 413, the check valve 414 are fixedly connected to the guiding head 415.
- the motor 101 drives the first hoisting machine 102 to rotate, and the first wire rope 104 is loosened and lowered.
- the water bucket 411 and its auxiliary part check valve 414 and the guiding head 415 are lowered to reach the underground liquid level.
- the check valve 414 is opened, the water passes through the check valve 414, and flows into the fishing bucket 411.
- the motor 101 is reversed to drive the first hoisting machine 102 to rotate, and the first wire rope 104 is pulled.
- the fishing bucket 411 starts to rise, the check valve 414 is closed, and when the fishing bucket 411 approaches the self-balancing single-flow valve 413 at the bottom of the outlet pipe 412, the fishing bucket 411 passes through the bottom tapered structure of the self-balancing single-flow valve 413 and automatically collides with it.
- the self-balancing single-flow valve 413 opens, the water enters the outlet pipe 412 from the fishing bucket 411 through the self-balancing single-flow valve 413, and the outlet pipe 412 connects the outer water conduit 404 to discharge the water out of the well. After the end of the process, the above steps are repeated to achieve a circulating drainage.
- the coalbed methane adsorbed between the coal seams begins to desorb and gathers continuously.
- the gas pipe 407 installed at the wellhead is opened to realize gas production.
- the coalbed methane and water have been separated, and the coalbed methane of the air guiding pipe 407 can be directly collected.
- Both the upstream sealing tube 304 and the descending sealing tube 311 are disposed by the sealing pipe unit along the conveying path of the first wire rope 104 and are formed in series by a plurality of sections of pipes, and the pipes passing through the sections adjacent to each other are relatively smaller in diameter.
- the transition line is connected; the liquid supply pipe 307, the liquid supply tank 306 and the return pipe 312 form a closed circuit, and the sealing liquid stored in the liquid supply tank 306 is sent to the uppermost pipe of the sealed pipe assembly via the liquid supply pipe 307.
- the return conduit 312 is maintained in reflux communication with the sealed conduit assembly. Under normal conditions, the liquid level pressure of the sealing liquid is substantially equal to the pressure of the high pressure gas.
- the fishing bucket 411, the third runner sealing cover 309, the return buffer chamber, and the liquid surface of the sealing liquid constitute a sealing system for the high pressure gas, so that the high pressure gas cannot flow out to the outside through the sealed piping assembly.
- the sealed pipe assembly consists of several sets of variable-section pipes with alternating cross-section sizes. In addition, the inlet end of the small-section pipe protrudes deep into the large-section pipe.
- the gas pressure signal detected by the sensor is used to control the operating state of the pump after being processed by the drive controller, thereby adjusting the flow rate and pressure of the sealing liquid, so that the pressure of the sealing liquid is
- the pressure of the high pressure gas is basically the same. Specifically, when the gas pressure is lowered, the liquid level of the sealing liquid is raised, and since there is a relatively large volume of the reflux buffer chamber, the liquid level of the sealing liquid does not rise rapidly and flows back to the sealing cover by the third rotor. 309.
- the third rotating wheel 310 is formed in the sealing member and the discharging mechanism.
- the control system adjusts the working state of the liquid feeding pump 305 according to the detected gas pressure reducing signal, thereby reducing the flow rate of the sealing liquid, thereby reducing the sealed piping system.
- the liquid pressure in the liquid reduces the level of the sealed liquid to a normal level.
- the gas pressure rises, the liquid level of the sealing liquid is lowered. Since there are a plurality of sets of relatively large sealed pipes, the liquid level of the sealing liquid is not rapidly lowered to be sealed by the first runner 302 and the first runner.
- the control system adjusts the working state of the liquid supply pump 305 according to the detected signal of increasing gas pressure, increases the flow rate of the sealing liquid, thereby improving the liquid pressure in the sealed piping system, and sealing The liquid level of the liquid rises to a normal level.
- the rack mechanism includes a main frame 203, a chassis 201, a rail frame 202, a movable ladder frame 509, a guide wheel 505, and a second hoisting machine 502 as shown in FIG.
- the second hoisting machine 502 and the undercarriage 201 are fixed to the ground.
- the rail frame 202 is fixed to the chassis 201 by bolts, and a rail 508 is disposed inside.
- the main frame 203 and the rail frame 202 are provided with a plurality of lifting bolt holes 510.
- the main frame 203 is fixed to the inner side of the rail frame 202 by bolts and nuts, the second wire rope 503 is connected to the second hoisting machine 502, and the other end is connected and fixed.
- a guide wheel support 504 is mounted on a side of the top end of the rail frame 202 adjacent to the second hoisting machine 502, and a guide wheel 505 is mounted on the guide wheel support 504.
- a rail card 506 is mounted at the four corner positions of the top end of the rail frame 202 to restrain the keel of the main frame 203 in the rail.
- Track frame 202 A plurality of pin blocks 507 are mounted near the top portion for fixing the main frame 203 and the rail frame 202 by a fixed fit with the corresponding lifting bolt holes 510 when the main frame 203 is moved up and down.
- the movable ladder frame 509 is mounted on the main frame 203 for the personnel to go up and down.
- the bottom end of the main frame 203 is fixed at the bottom end of the rail frame 202.
- the second hoisting machine 502, the second wire rope 503 is rolled to lift the main frame 203, and after the main frame 203 moves a certain distance in the track 508 to reach the designated position, the pin block 507 on the rail frame 202 is fixed to the lifting bolt hole 510, The fixing of the main frame 203 and the rail frame 202 is achieved; when the height of the main frame 203 needs to be lowered, the bolts at the lifting bolt holes 510 are loosened, and the second hoisting machine 502 is started to gradually loosen the second wire rope 503.
- the main frame 203 is along the track 508. It is lowered by gravity, and when it reaches the specified position, the fixing method is the same as when the main frame 203 is lifted.
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Abstract
一种捞水式排水采气机,包括卷扬及动力机构、液体密封传动机构、机架和排采机构。液体密封传动机构利用液体密封原理对运动钢丝绳(104,503)进行密封,避免井下气体泄漏,同时实现排水采气过程中的钢丝绳(104,503)传动;机架起支撑作用,通过卷扬机构可升降调节,便于井下设备检修;钢丝绳(104,503)带动排采机构中具有底部单向阀(414)的捞水桶(411)上下往复运动,捞取井液,并通过排水管(412)底部自平衡单流阀(413)在对井下气体有效密封的同时将井液排到地面,从而降低煤岩储层压力,使蕴藏在煤层间的煤层气不断解吸并进行采收。该设备结构简单、安装维护方便、投资少、节能效果好、无磨损密封、可靠性高、寿命长,便于进行智能化控制,特别适合于煤层气井长期稳定排水采气。
Description
一种捞水式排水采气机
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种煤层气井排水采气设备, 具体涉及一种捞水式排水采 【背景技术】
煤层气井开发可以解决煤矿开采前的安全问题, 同时煤层气是一种重 要的清洁能源资源。 煤层气井主要采用排水采气法, 通过排放煤岩储层中 的地层水,使煤岩储层压力降低,进而使吸附在煤层中的煤层气解吸出来, 在压差的驱使下,煤层气通过煤层的空隙通道扩散到井底,然后排出地层。 通过排水有效解除煤层气的吸附状态是煤层气井生产的关键, 目前主要采 用有杆泵人工举升排采设备, 由于工作方式的制约, 安装的设备型号均大 于供液能力, 存在投资大、 设备不配套、 抽空、 检泵周期短、 维护成本高 等诸多问题, 而其它开采设备普遍存在控制、 检修不方便等问题, 制约了 煤层气井的有效开采。 缺乏有效的排水采气设备成为了煤层气商业化、 规 模开发的瓶颈。
【发明内容】
本发明目的在于提供一种捞水式排水采气机,具有载荷轻、安全性好、 结构简单、 安装维护方便、 投资少、 节能效果好、 无磨损密封、 可靠性高、 寿命长、 便于进行智能化控制等优点, 以实现煤层气井稳定、 高效排采。
为了解决现有技术中的问题, 本发明提供的技术方案是: 一种捞水式 排水采气机, 它包括卷扬及动力机构、机架、密封传动机构以及排采机构; 所述卷扬及动力机构包括电机、 卷扬机、 排绳器和第一钢丝绳; 所述机架包括底架、 轨道架和主架, 支撑架与主架采用桁架结构, 且 主架固定在轨道架内部, 底架内部用于布置卷扬机和排绳器; 支撑架固定 在底架上;
所述密封传动机构包括用于实现第一钢丝绳动力的传输滑轮组, 以及
用于实现管路中气体密封的阻液式密封管道;
所述排采机构包括导水管、 防撞弹簧、 容桶管、 导气管、 第二闸阀、 井口法兰、 井下套管、 捞水桶、 出水管、 自平衡单流阀、 单向阀、 导向头、 定位盖和安全阀;
容桶管通过连接管路与所述阻液式密封管道连通, 导水管和导气管均 安装在容桶管上, 且导水管位于导气管的上方; 捞水桶位于容桶管内; 第一钢丝绳通过排绳器后, 绕过所述传输滑轮组和所述阻液式密封管 道到达排采机构, 依次穿过以共轴同心方式按自上而下结构布置的所述定 位盖、 连接管路、 容桶管、 防撞弹簧、 井口法兰、 井下套管、 出水管、 自 平衡单流阀、 捞水桶、 单向阀、 导向头并固定连接在导向头上;
安全阀安装在所述连接管路上, 用于当排采机构内的气压超过临界值 将高压气体排到外界空气中。
相对于现有技术中的方案, 本发明的优点是:
1. 本发明所描述的捞水式排水采气机结构简单, 安装、 调试、 维护方 便, 可大大节约成本。 无需起重设备, 机架可根据需要调节高度, 便于井 下设备检修, 优化了设备的使用效果。
2. 本发明采用的液体密封技术相对于接触式密封具有稳定性好、 效果 明显、 不易磨损、 成本较低的优点。
3. 本发明中, 井下捞水桶内使用自平衡单流阀, 该阀在井下高压气体 环境中, 可保证水流的单向导通并起到对高压气体的密封作用。
4. 本发明中, 捞水式采水设备各结构清晰, 执行机构明确, 便于实现 自动控制, 可实现对煤层气井的长期稳定排采, 极大的节省人力。
【附图说明】
图 1是本发明实例提供的捞水式排水采气机的整体结构示意图。
图 2是机架机构的整体结构示意图。
【具体实肺式】
以下结合具体实施例对上述方案做进一步说明。 应理解, 这些实施例 是用于说明本发明而不限制本发明的范围。 实施例中采用的实施条件可以 根据具体厂家的条件做进一步调整, 未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中 的条件。
本发明实例提供的一种捞水式排水采气机, 它包括卷扬及动力机构、 机架、 密封传动机构以及排采机构四大部分组成。 借助如图 1 所示的实施 例, 本发明内容不限于该实施例, 是用于说明本发明内容而并不限制本发 明的范围。
所述卷扬及动力机构包括电机 101、 第一卷扬机 102、 排绳器 103和第 一钢丝绳 104。
所述机架包括底架 201、 轨道架 202和主架 203, 为确保稳定性, 轨道 架 202与主架 203采用桁架结构, 底架 201固定在地面, 内部用于布置第 一卷扬机 102和排绳器 103。轨道架 202通过螺栓固定在底架 201上, 横截 尺寸略小的主架 203通过螺栓结构固定在轨道架 202内部,相对轨道架 202, 主架 203有更大的高度。
所述密封传动机构包括汲液管 301、第一转轮 302、第一转轮密封盖 303、 上行密封管 304、 供液泵 305、 供液箱 306、 供液管 307、 第二转轮 308、 第 三转轮密封盖 309、 第三转轮 310、 下行密封管 311和回流管 312、 第一闸 阀 313、 储液箱 316、 储液箱上液位管 314、 储液箱下液位管 315、 上行密 封连接管 318、 下行密封连接管 317。
供液箱 306、 汲液管 301、 供液泵 305、 供液管 307、 储液箱 316、 储液 箱上下液位管 314、 315、 下行密封管 311、 下行密封连接管 317、 第一转轮 密封盖 303、 第一闸阀 313、 上行密封连接管 318、 上行密封管 304及回流 管 312依次连接并形成回路。 第一转轮 302及密封用水被密封在第一转轮 密封盖 303内。 主架 203顶端布置有平台, 平台上安装有第二转轮 308和 第三转轮 310, 第二转轮 308可以不参与密封暴露在外, 第三转轮密封盖
309将第三转轮 310以及高压气体密封在其内部。 第一转轮密封盖 303、 供 液箱 306固定在底架 201上, 上行密封管 304与下行密封管 311采用支架 固定在主架 203上。第一卷扬机 102的第一钢丝绳 104经过排绳器 103, 绕 过第二转轮 308, 穿过上行密封管 304及上行密封连接管 318, 进入第一转 轮密封盖 303内并绕过第一转轮 302,穿过下行密封连接管 317及下行密封 管 311, 进入第三转轮密封盖 309内, 绕过第三转轮 310后到达排采机构。
供液泵 305用于提供动力, 将供液箱 306内的水通过供液管 307注入 上行密封管 304、 第一转轮密封盖 303、 下行密封管 311及回流管 312, 再 回到供液箱 306,与在第三转轮密封盖 309内的煤层气高压气体共同作用下, 保持对管道环路的密封。
储液箱 316与下行密封管 311有上下两个连接管:储液箱上液位管 314、 储液箱下液位管 315, 用于导流并监测下行密封管 311内的水位高低。
第一闸阀 313 的开闭实现对密封机构供液回路的控制, 在停机等情况 下, 可实现对密封机构内液体的封闭。
布置在第一卷扬机上的第一钢丝绳依次绕过第二转轮 308、 第一转轮 302、 第三转轮 310, 三个转轮相互配合, 实现了第一钢丝绳动力的传输。
所述排采机构包括连接管路 (包括金属软管 401、 伸缩套管 402、 过渡 管 403 )、 导水管 404、 防撞弹簧 405、 容桶管 406、 导气管 407、 第二闸阀 408、 井口法兰 409、 井下套管 410、 捞水桶 411、 出水管 412、 自平衡单流 阀 413、 单向阀 414、 导向头 415、 定位盖 416、 安全阀 417。
第一钢丝绳 104依次穿过以共轴同心方式按自上而下结构布置的所述 定位盖 416、 金属软管 401、 伸缩套管 402、 过渡管 403、 容桶管 406、 防撞 弹簧 405、 井口法兰 409、 井下套管 410、 出水管 412、 自平衡单流阀 413、 捞水桶 411、 单向阀 414、 导向头 415并固定连接在导向头上, 单向阀 414 及导向头 41固定在捞水桶 411底端, 自平衡单流阀 413安装在出水管 412 底端。 定位盖 416将第一钢丝绳 104的活动位置限制在排采机构套管中心
位置,作为连接机构的金属软管 401将第三转轮密封盖 309与伸缩套管 402 连接在一起, 一方面可以根据需要实现连接管长度的变化, 另一方面实现 对高压气体的良好密封。 过渡管 403将伸缩套管 402与容桶管 406连接在 一起, 其上一侧开有导水管 404, 供由捞水桶 411提拉上来的水排出用。 容 桶管 406内径比捞水桶 411外径略大, 捞水桶 411可以在容桶管 406内部 上下运动, 防撞弹簧 405安装在容桶管 406内, 防止发生意外时, 捞水桶 411强烈撞击容桶管 406, 造成设备损毁, 从而可以保证发生意外时, 第一 钢丝绳持续作用下设备的平稳停车, 保障安全。 第二闸阀 408可以根据需 要闸住第一钢丝绳, 实现设备安全停车, 并在密封结构辅助下保持对高压 气体的密封。 井口法兰 409与井下套管 410连接在一起, 实现了对井口的 密封。 单向阀 414、 导向头 415布置在捞水桶 411底端, 捞水桶 411内装满 水后, 单向阀 414关闭, 第一钢丝绳 104拉动安装在捞水桶 411底端的导 向头 415, 捞水桶 411上升, 到达井口附近, 遇到自平衡单流阀 413, 捞水 桶套住自平衡单流阀 413, 自平衡单流阀 413的外部密封圈保持对捞水桶的 密封, 在拉力作用下, 自平衡单流阀 413打开, 液体经出水管 412由导水 管 404排出。 在捞水桶 411外部空间, 充满了高压的煤层气体, 通过导气 管 407排出, 即可采得煤层气。 安全阀 417安装在第三转轮密封盖 309下 部, 阀体开口方向直接对外界空间, 当排采机构内的气压超过临界值, 为 防止设备损毁, 安全阀 417 自动打开, 将高压气体排到外界空气中, 保证 安全生产。
第一钢丝绳 104通过排绳器 103后,相继绕过第二转轮 308, 穿过上行 密封管 304, 进入第一转轮密封盖 303内并绕过第一转轮 302, 穿过下行密 封管 311,进入第三转轮密封盖 309内,绕过第三转轮 310后到达排采机构, 依次穿过金属软管 401、 伸缩套管 402、 过渡管 403、 容桶管 406、 防撞弹 簧 405、 井口法兰 409、 井下套管 410、 捞水桶 411、 出水管 412、 自平衡单 流阀 413、 单向阀 414并固定连接在导向头 415上。
工作时, 电机 101带动第一卷扬机 102转动, 第一钢丝绳 104松动、 下放, 在自身重力作用下, 捞水桶 411 及其附属部分单向阀 414、 导向头 415—起下放, 到达井下液面时, 在井下压力作用下, 单向阀 414打开, 水 经过单向阀 414, 流入捞水桶 411, 等水充满后, 电机 101反转, 带动第一 卷扬机 102转动, 在第一钢丝绳 104牵拉作用下, 捞水桶 411开始上升, 单向阀 414关闭, 当捞水桶 411接近出水管 412底部的自平衡单流阀 413, 捞水桶 411通过自平衡单流阀 413的底部锥形结构与其自动对心, 随着捞 水桶 411继续提升, 自平衡单流阀 413打开, 水由捞水桶 411通过自平衡 单流阀 413进入出水管 412, 出水管 412连接外部导水管 404, 从而将水排 出井外。 这个过程结束后, 再重复上述步骤, 实现了循环排水。
当井下排水到一定程度后, 吸附在煤层间的煤层气开始解吸, 并不断 聚集, 达到一定压强后, 打开井口安装的导气管 407, 实现采气。 煤层气与 水已经实现分离, 直接收集导气管 407的煤层气即可。
上行密封管 304与下行密封管 311都由密封管道单元沿着第一钢丝绳 104的输送路径而设置并以多段管道串联的方式形成,并且彼此相邻的各段 管道之间通过管径相对更小的过渡管路相连; 供液管 307、供液箱 306和回 流管 312组成闭合回路, 储存在供液箱 306内的密封液经由供液管 307输 送至所述密封管道组件处于最上端的管道, 同时通过回流管 312与密封管 道组件保持回流连通。 正常情况下, 密封液体的液面压力与高压气体的压 力基本保持相等。 捞水桶 411、 第三转轮密封盖 309、 回流缓冲腔以及密封 液体的液面构成高压气体的密封系统, 使高压气体不能通过密封管道组件 流出至外界。 密封管道组件由若干组截面大小交替突变的变截面管道组成, 加之小截面管道的入口端突出深入到大截面管道中, 因此密封液体以一定 的流速从上述每组变截面管道中流过时, 存在相对较大的局部压力损失和 一定的沿程压力损失; 流经一定组数的上述变截面管道后, 其压力可以降 低到与大气压力基本相同, 从而可以直接排放到与大气连通的密封液体储
存箱中。
作为优化, 当捞水桶 411 中的气体压力变化时, 利用传感器检测得到 的气体压力信号, 经过驱动控制器处理后控制泵的运行状态, 从而调节密 封液体的流量和压力, 使密封液体的压力与高压气体的压力基本保持一致。 具体而言, 当气体压力降低时, 密封液体的液面会升高, 由于存在容积相 对较大的回流缓冲腔, 因此密封液体的液面不至于迅速上升并回流到由第 三转轮密封盖 309、 第三转轮 310组成的密封件和排采机构中; 同时, 控制 系统根据检测得到的气体压力降低的信号调整供液泵 305 的工作状态, 降 低密封液体的流量, 从而降低密封管道系统中的液体压力, 使密封液体的 液面降低至正常水平。 当气体压力升高时, 密封液体的液面会降低, 由于 存在多组容积相对较大的密封管道, 因此密封液体的液面不至于迅速降低 至由第一转轮 302和第一转轮密封盖 303组成的密封件中; 同时, 控制系 统根据检测得到的气体压力增大的信号调整供液泵 305 的工作状态, 增大 密封液体的流量, 从而提高密封管道系统中的液体压力, 使密封液体的液 面升高至正常水平。
作为优化, 所述机架机构采用如图 2所示的包括主架 203、 底架 201、 轨道架 202、 活动梯架 509、 导轮 505以及第二卷扬机 502。 其中: 离合器 501、 第二卷扬机 502、 第二钢丝绳 503、 导轮支座 504、 导轮 505、 轨道卡 506、 销块 507、 轨道 508、 活动梯架 509、 升降用螺栓孔 510、 主架 203、 轨道架 202、 底架 201。 第二卷扬机 502和底架 201固定在地面上。 轨道架 202通过螺栓固定在底架 201上, 内侧布置有轨道 508。 主架 203以及轨道 架 202上开有多个升降用螺栓孔 510, 主架 203通过螺栓、螺母固定在轨道 架 202内侧, 第二钢丝绳 503—端连接第二卷扬机 502, 另一端连接并固定 在主架 203底端。 轨道架 202顶端与第二卷扬机 502相邻的一侧安装有导 轮支座 504, 导轮支座 504上面安装有导轮 505。 轨道架 202顶端方形四个 角位置安装有轨道卡 506, 将主架 203的龙骨限制在轨道内。轨道架 202靠
近顶部的位置安装有多个销块 507, 用于主架 203升降时, 通过与对应的升 降用螺栓孔 510之间的固定配合实现主架 203与轨道架 202的固定。 活动 梯架 509安装在主架 203上, 供人员上下。 一般地, 主架 203底端固定在 轨道架 202底端, 需要提升主架 203高度时, 启动离合器 501, 将第二卷扬 机 502与电机 101实现连接, 松动升降用螺栓孔 510处的螺栓, 开动第二 卷扬机 502, 卷动第二钢丝绳 503将主架 203提升, 主架 203在轨道 508内 移动一定距离达到指定位置后, 通过将轨道架 202上的销块 507与升降用 螺栓孔 510固定, 实现主架 203与轨道架 202的固定; 需要降低主架 203 的高度时, 松动升降用螺栓孔 510处的螺栓, 开动第二卷扬机 502将第二 钢丝绳 503逐渐松动, 主架 203沿轨道 508在重力作用下下降, 到达指定 位置后, 固定方法同提升主架 203时。
上述实例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点, 其目的在于让熟悉此项 技术的人是能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施, 并不能以此限制本发明的 保护范围。 凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变换或修饰, 都应涵盖在本 发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1、 一种捞水式排水采气机, 它包括卷扬及动力机构、 机架、 密封传动 机构以及排采机构;
所述卷扬及动力机构包括电机 (101)、 第一卷扬机 (102)、 排绳器 (103)和 第一钢丝绳 (104);
所述机架包括底架 (201)、轨道架 (202)和主架 (203), 轨道架 (202)与主架 (203)采用桁架结构, 且主架 (203)固定在轨道架 (202)内部, 底架 (201)内部用 于布置第一卷扬机 (102)和排绳器 (103); 轨道架 (202)固定在底架 (201)上; 所述密封传动机构包括用于实现第一钢丝绳 (104)动力的传输滑轮组, 以及用于实现管路中气体的密封的阻液式密封管道;
所述排采机构包括导水管 (404)、 防撞弹簧 (405)、 容桶管 (406)、 导气管 (407)、 第二闸阀 (408)、 井口法兰 (409)、 井下套管 (410)、 捞水桶 (411)、 出水 管 (412)、 自平衡单流阀 (413)、 单向阀 (414)、 导向头 (415)、 定位盖 (416)和安 全阀 (417);
容桶管 (406)通过连接管路与所述阻液式密封管道连通, 导水管 (404)和 导气管 (407)均安装在容桶管 (406)上,且导水管 (404)位于导气管 (407)的上方; 捞水桶 (411)位于容桶管 (406)内;
第一钢丝绳 (104)通过排绳器 (103)后, 绕过所述传输滑轮组和所述阻液 式密封管道到达排采机构, 依次穿过以共轴同心方式按自上而下结构布置 的所述定位盖 (416)、连接管路、容桶管 (406)、防撞弹簧 (405)、井口法兰 (409)、 井下套管 (410)、 出水管 (412)、 自平衡单流阀 (413)、 捞水桶 (411) 、 单向阀 (414)、 导向头 (415)并固定连接在导向头 (415)上;
单向阀 (414)及导向头 (415)固定安装在捞水桶 (411)的底部;
安全阀 (417)安装在所述连接管路上, 用于当排采机构内的气压超过临 界值将高压气体排到外界空气中。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的捞水式排水采气机, 其特征在于, 所述密封 传动机构包括汲液管 (301)、 第一转轮 (302)、 第一转轮密封盖 (303)、 上行密 封管 (304)、 供液泵 (305)、 供液箱 (306)、 供液管 (307)、 第二转轮 (308)、 第三 转轮密封盖 (309)、 第三转轮 (310)、 下行密封管 (311)和回流管 (312)、 第一闸 阀 (313)、 储液箱 (316)、 储液箱上液位管 (314)、 储液箱下液位管 (315)、 上行 密封连接管 (318)和下行密封连接管 (317);
供液箱 (306)、 汲液管 (301)、 供液泵 (305)、 供液管 (307)、 储液箱 (316)、 储液箱上液位管 (314)、 储液箱下液位管 (315)、 下行密封管 (311)、 下行密封 连接管 (317)、第一转轮密封盖 (303)、第一闸阀 (313)、上行密封连接管 (318)、 上行密封管 (304)及回流管 (312)依次连接并形成回路, 即所述阻液式密封管 道; 第一转轮 (302)及密封用水被密封在第一转轮密封盖 (303)内;
第二转轮 (308)和第三转轮 (310)安装在主架 (203)顶端布置的平台上, 第 三转轮密封盖 (309)用于将第三转轮 (310)以及高压气体密封在其内部; 第一 转轮密封盖 (303)、供液箱 (306)固定在底架 (201)上, 上行密封管 (304)与下行 密封管 (311)固定在主架 (203)上;第一卷扬机 (102)的第一钢丝绳 (104)经过排 绳器 (103), 绕过第二转轮 (308), 穿过上行密封管 (304)及上行密封连接管 (318), 进入第一转轮密封盖 (303)内并绕过第一转轮 (302), 穿过下行密封连 接管 (317)及下行密封管 (311), 进入第三转轮密封盖 (309)内, 绕过第三转轮 (310)后到达排采机构。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的捞水式排水采气机, 其特征在于, 所述 机架还包括离合器 (501)、第二卷扬机 (502)、第二钢丝绳 (503)、导轮支座 (504)、 导轮 (505)、 轨道卡 (506)、 销块 (507)、 轨道 (508)、 活动梯架 (509)、 升降用螺 栓孔 (510); 第二卷扬机 (502)和底架 (201)用于固定在地面上; 轨道架 (202) 固定在底架 (201)上, 内侧布置有轨道 (508); 主架 (203)以及轨道架 (202)上开 有多个升降用螺栓孔 (510), 主架 (203)固定在轨道架 (202)内侧, 第二钢丝绳 (503)—端连接第二卷扬机 (502), 另一端连接并固定在主架 (203)底端; 轨道
架 (202)顶端与第二卷扬机 (502)相邻的一侧安装有导轮支座 (504), 导轮支座 (504)上面安装有导轮 (505); 轨道架 (202)顶端方形四个角位置安装有轨道卡 (506), 将主架 (203)的龙骨限制在轨道内; 轨道架 (202)靠近顶部的位置安装 有多个销块 (507), 用于主架 (203)升降时, 通过与对应的升降用螺栓孔 (510) 之间的固定配合实现主架 (203)与轨道架 (202)的固定; 活动梯架 (509)安装在 主架 (203)上。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的捞水式排水采气机, 其特征在于, 所 述连接管路包括依次连接的金属软管 (401)、 伸缩套管 (402)和过渡管 (403), 安全阀 (417)安装在第三转轮密封盖 (309)下部, 阀体开口方向直接对外界空 间。
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| CN201310230813.5A CN103321612B (zh) | 2013-06-09 | 2013-06-09 | 一种捞水式排水采气机 |
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| CN112832725A (zh) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-05-25 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | 一种排水采气装置 |
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| CN103899521A (zh) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-02 | 天津机辆轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | 一种自动间歇煤层气排水产气方法及其装置 |
| CN108825149B (zh) * | 2018-09-05 | 2024-05-28 | 北京创一格石油技术服务有限公司 | 一种抽油机的毛辫子头及一种毛辫子 |
| CN109734293B (zh) * | 2019-03-25 | 2021-09-17 | 中建材(宜兴)新能源有限公司 | 一种退火窑辊道齿轮箱传动装置 |
| CN113818848A (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2021-12-21 | 四川省能投油气勘探开发有限公司 | 一种低常压气井非气举精准控液面采气装置及采气方法 |
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| CN103321612A (zh) | 2013-09-25 |
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