WO2014187199A1 - 杠杆式切换阀 - Google Patents

杠杆式切换阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014187199A1
WO2014187199A1 PCT/CN2014/074791 CN2014074791W WO2014187199A1 WO 2014187199 A1 WO2014187199 A1 WO 2014187199A1 CN 2014074791 W CN2014074791 W CN 2014074791W WO 2014187199 A1 WO2014187199 A1 WO 2014187199A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
chamber
sealing
section
water outlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/074791
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周华松
韩军
吴育志
胡力宏
陈斌
Original Assignee
厦门松霖科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2013202918610U external-priority patent/CN203322374U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310200263.2A external-priority patent/CN104180019B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201320860755.XU external-priority patent/CN203627910U/zh
Application filed by 厦门松霖科技有限公司 filed Critical 厦门松霖科技有限公司
Priority to EP14800983.0A priority Critical patent/EP3006792B1/en
Priority to US14/889,865 priority patent/US9909684B2/en
Publication of WO2014187199A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014187199A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/60—Handles
    • F16K31/602—Pivoting levers, e.g. single-sided
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/04—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only lift valves
    • F16K11/044—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only lift valves with movable valve members positioned between valve seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F16K11/0712—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides comprising particular spool-valve sealing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching valve, in particular to a switching valve operated by a lever type principle.
  • axial pull-type switching valves usually use a lifting head as an operating component to control the switching of the waterway. It is about to control between an input waterway and two output waterways to realize the conduction of the input waterway switching ground and the output waterway.
  • This type of axial pull-type switching valve has several obvious drawbacks: First, because of the influence of water flow and air pressure on switching moving parts, the switching force required at the time of switching is large; Sliding can communicate with the switched waterway, and the switching stroke is relatively long; based on the above two reasons, the existing axial pull-type switching valve is not convenient, and the operation is uncomfortable and smooth.
  • the present invention provides a lever type switching valve, which is designed to drive the mandrel installed in the switching cavity by pressing the lever device. Move up and down, the piston on the mandrel is turned on or off to the waterway to achieve waterway switching.
  • Lever type switching valve which includes:
  • the switching chamber is divided into three sections according to its axial direction, which are the water outlet chambers at both ends and the inlet water chamber of the middle section; the outer ends of the water outlet chambers each have a sliding section; the two ends of the inlet water chamber are An inner convex ring between the outlet chambers;
  • a mandrel, a dumbbell-shaped, axially sliding fit in the switching cavity comprising three segments in the axial direction thereof, respectively being a piston at both ends and a water-passing section of the middle section; the piston having a small outer end and a small inner end;
  • the outer end of the piston is slidingly fitted to the sliding section;
  • the axial length of the water outlet chamber is greater than the axial length of the piston;
  • the axial length of the water passage section is greater than that of the inlet water chamber An axial length, the over water section is inserted into the inner convex ring and has a water passage;
  • the water inlet chamber is connected to a water inlet; the water outlet chambers are each connected to a water outlet.
  • One end of the mandrel is movably fitted to one end of a lever by a movable member;
  • one of the sliding sections of the water outlet cavity is sealed from the corresponding piston; the mandrel has an axially open through hole that communicates the two sliding sections.
  • the shape of the water passage is a connecting rod, and the diameter of the connecting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner convex ring, and may also be a solid with various over-water tanks;
  • the outer end and the inner end of the piston are provided with grooves, each of which is embedded in a sealing ring; the outer end sealing ring is sealed and slidably engaged with the inner wall of the sliding section; the inner end sealing ring and the inner convex The ring is matched with the seal.
  • the lever is provided with a gear block; and a pin with a return spring is movably engaged with the gear block when the lever is undulating.
  • the switching chamber is located in a columnar valve body; the outer wall of the valve has three water passing holes axially distributed, corresponding to the water inlet and the two water outlets respectively; and a shell, the shell
  • the body has three cavities axially distributed, and a column-shaped blind hole penetrating the three cavities; each of the cavities has an extended water path; the valve body is fitted in the blind hole, The cavities are each connected to a water passage to form a separate and complete water path.
  • the outer wall of the valve has a sealing ring that seals the cavities from each other.
  • a lever type switching valve includes:
  • the valve body is provided with a water inlet, two water outlets and a switching chamber: the switching chamber is divided into three sections according to its axial direction, which are respectively the water outlet chamber of the two ends and the inlet water chamber of the middle section, and the water inlet is connected to the water inlet chamber, The water outlets are respectively connected to the two water outlet chambers, wherein each of the axial ends of the water outlet chamber has a sliding section, and the water inlet chamber has two sealing sections respectively located above and below the water inlet;
  • the mandrel is axially slidably attached to the switching cavity, and comprises a shaft body, two first sealing plugs respectively sealingly slidingly matched with the two sliding sections, and a second sealing and sealing joint with the two sealing sections a sealing plug, the three sealing plugs are axially spaced apart on the shaft body and the second sealing plug is located in the middle of the two first sealing plugs; when the second sealing plug is sealed with one of the sealing segments, the water inlet opening is corresponding to the sealing section The outlet on the other side.
  • the inlet chamber sealing section is composed of a first straight section, a transitional inclined section and a second straight section which are sequentially connected, the diameter of the second straight section is larger than the diameter of the first straight section, and the second straight section is close to the inlet.
  • the nozzle; the second sealing plug is a piston, and the second sealing plug can be sealingly engaged with the transition oblique section and the second straight section.
  • the sliding section is straight.
  • a joint of the inner end of the water outlet and the sliding section is provided with a first guiding slope
  • a joint of the inner end of the water outlet and the first straight section is provided with a second guiding slope
  • the shaft body is provided with an axially extending through hole, and the through hole is connected to the bottom of the switching cavity.
  • the first sealing plug includes a first convex ring and a first sealing ring, the first convex ring is fixed on the shaft body and the outer circumference is recessed with an annular first groove, and the first sealing ring is engaged with The first sealing ring is sealed and slidingly engaged with the sliding section;
  • the second sealing plug comprises a second convex ring and a second sealing ring, the second convex ring is fixed on the shaft body and the outer circumference thereof is concavely annular
  • the second groove is engaged with the second sealing ring at the second groove, and the second sealing ring is sealingly engaged with the sealing segment.
  • a top cover is disposed on the top of the valve body, and the switching valve further includes a lever button provided with a gear position, a positioning pin fixed on the cover plate and matched with the gear position, and a reset elastic member, and the lever button is provided.
  • a lever button provided with a gear position
  • a positioning pin fixed on the cover plate and matched with the gear position
  • a reset elastic member and the lever button is provided.
  • the improvement solution further includes a housing, which is provided with a mounting cavity, a water inlet channel and two water outlet channels, the water inlet channel is located between the two water outlet channels, the valve body is attached in the assembly cavity, and the water inlet is connected In the water inlet channel, the two outlets are respectively connected to the two outlet channels.
  • a sealing ring is also included, the sealing ring abutting between the outer wall of the valve body and the wall of the fitting cavity.
  • the upper end surface of the second convex ring of the second sealing ring is inclined upward, the lower end surface is inclined downward, and the peripheral wall thereof is a straight cylinder; the second sealing plug can be sealed with the transition oblique section and the second straight section of the sealing section.
  • the shape of the piston eliminates the water resistance of the mandrel, and also obtains the power in the same direction, which saves a large switching force for the switching operation, and also balances the switching force of the upper and lower waterways.
  • the large outer end of the outer end of the piston has a small shape, so that the cross-sectional area of the water flow changed when the piston travels in the axial direction becomes larger, thereby shortening the flow rate which can be changed under the same mandrel stroke.
  • the requirement for large water output is satisfied, that is, the stroke of the mandrel is saved while satisfying the water output.
  • the mandrel is provided with a through hole, so that the mandrel avoids the influence of the air pressure caused by the change of the internal cavity, further improving the resistance of the mandrel, saving labor and convenience.
  • the through hole is a reserved exhaust hole. If it is necessary to discharge the gas at the bottom of the switching chamber, it is only necessary to open a through hole in the shaft body to communicate with the through hole to perform exhausting, and the compatibility is stronger.
  • the mandrel structure can eliminate the water resistance of the mandrel, and at the same time, obtain the same direction power, thereby saving the switching operation.
  • a large switching force is also provided, and the switching force of the upper and lower waterways can be balanced, and the sealing section has an auxiliary sealing function.
  • the sealing section is composed of a first straight section, a transitional oblique section and a second straight section which are sequentially connected, and the sealing effect is better.
  • the sliding section is straight, which makes the mandrel more labor-saving during start-up and during sliding.
  • the first guiding inclined surface is provided at the joint between the inner end of the water outlet and the sliding section, and the second guiding inclined surface is provided at the joint between the inner end of the water outlet and the first straight section, so that the sealing ring is protected during the assembly process, thereby avoiding The sealing ring is scratched by the sharpening of the water outlet during the assembly process and cannot be sealed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a portion of a switching chamber according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the mandrel of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the switching chamber together with the valve body in which the second embodiment of the present invention is located.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of a mandrel of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the assembly of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic overall view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective exploded view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the third valve body of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a three-core shaft of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a lever type switching valve provided with a casing according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the water inlet passage is connected to the lower water outlet passage.
  • Fig. 13 is a second schematic cross-sectional view showing a lever type switching valve provided with a casing according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the water inlet passage is connected to the upper water outlet passage.
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 are schematic diagrams of a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 is a configuration of a switching cavity 10, FIG. 2 is a configuration of a mandrel 20, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the device assembly.
  • the switching chamber 10 is divided into three sections according to its axial direction, which are the water outlet chambers 11, 13 at both ends and the inlet chamber 12 of the middle section; the outer ends of the axial outlets 11 and 13 each have a sliding section. 14, 15; between the two ends of the inlet chamber 12 and the outlet chamber 11, 13 has an inner convex ring 19; the inlet chamber 12 is connected to a water inlet 17; the outlet chambers 11, 13 are each connected to a water outlet 16, 18.
  • the mandrel 20 has a dumbbell shape, and includes three segments in the axial direction thereof, respectively, pistons 21 and 23 at both ends and a water passage portion 22 in the middle portion; both pistons 21 and 23 have a small outer end and a small inner end.
  • the outer end 24 has an outer diameter larger than the inner end 25 and has a rounded shape.
  • One end of the mandrel 20 is movably fitted in a movable portion 35 at one end of a lever 30 by a movable member 34. When the lever 30 realizes a rocking undulation, the mandrel 20 can be driven to travel axially (up and down).
  • FIG. 3 is a view showing an overall state in which the mandrel 20 is fitted in the switching chamber 10.
  • the piston 21 above the mandrel 20 as an example: the outer end 24 of the piston 21 is slidingly sealed and fitted to the sliding section 14; the axial length of the outlet chamber 11 is greater than the axial length of the piston 21; the axial length of the water passing section 22 is greater than The axial length of the water chamber 12, the water passage 22 is inserted into the inner convex ring 19 and has a water passage; under this structure, the core shaft 20 is axially slidingly fitted into the switching chamber 10;
  • the large outer end of the outer ends of the pistons 21, 23 has a small shape, so that when the pistons 21, 23 travel in the axial direction, the changed cross-sectional area of the water flow becomes large, and therefore, the same mandrel 20 can be shortened under the stroke.
  • the flow rate satisfies the requirement of the large water output amount, that is, the stroke of the mandrel 20 is saved while satisfying the water discharge amount.
  • the water passage section 22 is in the form of a link having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the inner collar 19. Since the water passage section 22 is required to secure the water path between the water inlet chamber 12 and the water outlet chambers 11, 13 in addition to the two pistons 21, 23, the shape of the water passage section 22 can be various. Using the shape of the connecting rod makes the shape the easiest and saves material.
  • the outer ends 24, 27 and the inner ends 25, 26 of the pistons 21, 23 are provided with grooves, each of which is embedded in a sealing ring; the sealing rings of the outer ends 24, 27 are sealed and slidably fitted with the inner walls of the sliding sections 14, 15;
  • the sealing ring of 26 and 25 is matched with the inner convex ring 19, and the mandrel 20 of this form can be replaced with different types of materials, and has different strength and corrosion resistance to adapt to different water bodies, and can be properly sealed.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the present invention; wherein FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the switching chamber 10 and the valve body 40 therein; FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mandrel 20; This is a general cross-sectional view of the present embodiment mounted in a housing 1.
  • the switching chamber 10 is located in a columnar valve body 40; the outer wall of the valve body 40 has three water passing holes 41, 43 and 42 axially distributed, corresponding to the water inlet and the two water outlets respectively, that is, having the same function.
  • the pistons 21, 23 and the water-passing section 22 of the mandrel have the same shape as that of the mandrel 20 of the embodiment, except that in FIG.
  • the mandrel 20 has an axially open through bore 28 for communicating the two sliding sections of the switching chamber 10 of FIG.
  • the entire valve body 40 is mounted in a housing 1 having three cavities 5, 6 and 7 axially distributed, and through a column-shaped blind hole 8 of each of the three cavities; each of the cavities has an extended water path; the cavity 5 has a water path 2, the cavity 6 has a water path 3, and the cavity 7 has a water path 4, wherein the water path 2, 3 And 4 each connect to a pipe outside the casing 1.
  • the valve body 40 is fitted into the blind hole 8, and the cavities 5, 6 and 7 are each connected to a water passing hole 41, 42 and 43 into a separate and complete water path.
  • valve body 40 is fitted to the structure of the housing 1 so that the switching chamber 10 together with the mandrel 20 can be a separate component that fits into the housing 1 of various materials and various water passages. As long as the waterways 2, 3 and 4 can pass through the water holes 41, 42 and 43 and are independent of each other, a complete switching valve can be constructed.
  • the valve body 40 and the mandrel 20 can be modularly processed to facilitate large-scale production and operation.
  • the valve body 40 embodies a feature of the switching chamber 10, that is, the water holes 41, 42 and 43 are not limited in the circumferential position, and can be staggered with each other within 360° so as to be suitable for housings with different water passages. 1. Therefore, the switching valve has good adaptability to different housing environments.
  • the outer wall of the valve body 40 has a seal ring through the grooves 44, 45, 46 and 47.
  • the seal ring seals the chambers 5, 6 and 7 from each other and is easily assembled to form a water passage.
  • the through hole 28 of the mandrel 20 is axially opened, and the two sliding sections of the switching cavity 10 are connected through FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the through hole 28 communicates with FIG.
  • the sliding sections at both ends of the medium switching chamber 10 balance the air pressure under the blind hole 8 with the air pressure above, thus eliminating the disadvantage that the mandrel 20 is inconvenient to be affected by the air pressure, so that the mandrel 20 can be freely moved up and down, and the resistance is smaller.
  • the through hole 28 can be communicated to the outer end of the mandrel 20 to communicate with the gas outside the valve body 40 to further balance the internal air pressure and save the pressing resistance.
  • a gear block 31 is provided on the lever 30; and a pin 32 with a return spring 33 is movably engaged with the gear block 32 when the lever 30 is undulating, so that the feel of the gear position can be realized.
  • the tilting positioning of the lever 30 can be assisted to improve the stability of the mandrel 20.
  • Embodiment 3 A series of schematic diagrams of Embodiment 3 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7 to FIG.
  • a lever type switching valve includes a valve body 100 and a mandrel 200.
  • the valve body 100 is provided with a water inlet 110, two water outlets 120 and a switching chamber.
  • the switching chamber is divided into three sections according to its axial direction, which are the water outlet chamber 130 at both ends and the water inlet chamber 140 of the middle section, and the water inlet. 110 is connected to the water inlet chamber 140, and the two water outlets 120 are respectively connected to the two water outlet chambers 130.
  • the outer ends of the water outlet chambers 130 have a sliding portion 131, and the water inlet chambers 140 are respectively located at the water inlets 110.
  • a cover plate 150 is disposed on the top of the valve body 100.
  • the sealing section is composed of a first straight section 141, a transition oblique section 142 and a second straight section 143 which are sequentially connected.
  • the diameter of the second straight section 143 is larger than the diameter of the first straight section 141 and the second straight Section 143 is adjacent to the water inlet 110 for better sealing.
  • a first guiding inclined surface 121 is disposed at a joint between the inner end of the water outlet 120 and the sliding section 131, and a second guiding is disposed at a joint between the inner end of the water outlet 120 and the first straight section 141.
  • the sliding section 131 is straight cylindrical, so that the mandrel is more labor-saving at the time of starting and during sliding.
  • the mandrel 200 is axially slidably attached to the switching cavity, and includes a shaft body 210, two first sealing plugs 220, 230 respectively sealingly and slidingly engaged with the two sliding segments 131, and one capable of sealing with two
  • the segment sealing switch seals the second sealing plug 240, the three sealing plugs are axially spaced apart on the shaft body 210 and the second sealing plug 240 is located between the two first sealing plugs 220, 230; the second sealing plug 240 and one of the two
  • the water inlet 110 is connected to the water outlet 120 on the other side corresponding to the sealing section.
  • the second sealing plug 230 is a piston and can be sealingly engaged with the transition oblique section 142 and the second straight section 143.
  • the shaft body 210 is provided with an axially extending through hole 211, and the through hole 211 is connected to the bottom of the switching cavity.
  • the shaft body is provided with an axially extending through hole, so that the mandrel is light in weight and the switching is more labor-saving.
  • the through hole is a reserved exhaust hole, and if it is necessary to discharge the gas at the bottom of the switching chamber, it is only necessary to open the shaft body. The hole can be exhausted by connecting the through holes, and the compatibility is stronger.
  • the first sealing plug 220 includes a first convex ring 221 and a first sealing ring 222.
  • the first protruding ring 221 is fixed to the shaft body 210 and has an annular first groove 223 recessed on the outer circumference thereof.
  • the first sealing ring 222 is locked to the first recess 223, and the first sealing ring 222 is sealed and slidingly matched with the sliding section 131.
  • the first sealing plug 230 has a structural shape and a first sealing plug 220. the same.
  • the second sealing plug 240 includes a second convex ring 243 and a second sealing ring 242.
  • the second convex ring 243 is fixed on the shaft body 210, and the outer circumference is recessed with an annular second groove 241, and the second sealing ring 242 is stuck.
  • the switching valve further includes a lever button 310 provided with a gear position, a positioning pin 320 fixed to the cover plate 150 and matched with the gear position, and a reset elastic member 330.
  • the lever button 310 is provided with a movable portion 311. The top end of the shaft body 210 cooperates with the movable portion 311 to axially slide the mandrel 200, and the return elastic member 330 abuts between the cover plate 150 and the positioning pin 320.
  • the lever button 310 achieves a rocker undulation, the mandrel 200 can be driven to travel axially (up and down).
  • the switching valve further includes a housing 400, which is provided with a mounting cavity 410, a water inlet channel 420 and two water outlet channels 430, and the water inlet channel 420 is located between the two water outlet channels 430. It is connected in the assembly cavity 410, and the water inlet 110 is connected to the water inlet channel 420, and the two water outlets 120 are respectively connected to the two water outlet channels 430.
  • the switching valve further includes a seal ring 440 that abuts between the outer wall of the valve body 100 and the cavity wall of the assembly cavity 410.
  • the second sealing plug 240 of the mandrel 200 In the initial state, if the second sealing plug 240 of the mandrel 200 is sealingly engaged with the sealing section located above the water inlet 110 to disconnect the upper water outlet 120 from the water inlet 110, the water outlet 120 located below the water inlet is provided. Connected with the water inlet 110, the second sealing plug 240 discharges water from the water outlet 120, as shown in FIG. 12;
  • Pressing the lever button 310 drives the core to slide down axially to seal the second sealing plug of the mandrel with the sealing section located below the water inlet to disconnect the lower water outlet 120 from the water inlet 110, above the water inlet 110
  • the water outlet 120 communicates with the water inlet 110, and the water outlet 120 discharges water as shown in FIG.
  • the mandrel structure can eliminate the water resistance of the mandrel, and at the same time obtain the same direction of power, which saves the switching operation greatly.
  • the switching force can also balance the switching force of the upper and lower waterways, and has the function of auxiliary sealing for the sealing section.
  • the lever type switching valve of the present invention drives the lever shaft installed in the switching chamber to move up and down by the pressing lever device, and the piston disposed on the mandrel is turned on or blocked by the water passage to realize the water passage switching.
  • the lever type switching valve of the invention has the advantages of labor saving, balanced switching force, and short mandrel stroke, and has good industrial applicability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种杠杆式切换阀，包括：切换腔（10），按其轴向分为三段，分别是两端的出水腔（11，13）和中段的进水腔（12）；出水腔（11，13）各自轴向的外端具有一滑动段（14，15）；进水腔（12）两端与出水腔（11，13）之间具有内凸环（19）；以及芯轴（20），轴向滑动配合于切换腔（10）内；按其轴向包括三段，分别是两端的活塞（21，23）和中段的过水段（22）；活塞（21，23）具有外端大内端小的形态；内端形状可与内凸环（19）配合密封；其中，活塞（21，23）的外端滑动密封配合于滑动段（14）；出水腔（11，13）的轴向长度大于活塞（21，23）的轴向长度；过水段（22）的轴向长度大于进水腔（12）的轴向长度，该过水段穿接于内凸环（19）中且与之具有过水通道；进水腔（12）连通一进水口；所述出水腔各自连通一个出水口。芯轴（20）的一端通过一活动件活动配合于一杠杆的一端。该杠杆式切换阀切换省力，切换力均衡，芯轴（20）行程较短。

Description

杠杆式切换阀 技术领域
本发明涉及一种切换阀门，具体是一种利用杠杆式原理进行操作的切换阀。
背景技术
现有的轴向提拉式切换阀，通常都是用提拉头作为操作部件来控制水路的切换。即将在一个输入水路和两个输出水路之间进行控制，实现输入水路切换地与输出水路导通。现这种轴向提拉式切换阀，具有几个明显的缺陷：第一，因为水流和气压对切换活动部件的影响，在切换时，所需要的切换力很大；第二因为活动部件需要滑动才能连通切换的水路，切换行程比较长；基于上述两个原因，现有的轴向提拉式切换阀不够方便，操作不舒适、流畅。
发明内容
针对现有切换阀因为切换力大和行程长带来的不便与不舒适的缺陷，本发明提出一种杠杆式切换阀，其设计理念是：通过按压杠杆装置，带动安装在切换腔内的芯轴上下移动，设置在芯轴上的活塞对水路的导通或阻断，实现水路切换。其技术方案如下：
杠杆式切换阀，它包括：
切换腔，按其轴向分为三段，分别是两端的出水腔和中段的进水腔；所述出水腔各自轴向的外端具有一滑动段；所述进水腔两端与所述出水腔之间具有内凸环；以及
芯轴，哑铃状，轴向滑动配合于所述切换腔内；按其轴向包括三段，分别是两端的活塞和中段的过水段；所述活塞具有外端大内端小的形态；
其中，所述活塞的外端滑动密封配合于所述滑动段；所述出水腔的轴向长度大于所述活塞的轴向长度；所述过水段的轴向长度大于所述进水腔的轴向长度，该过水段穿接于所述内凸环中且与之具有过水通道；
所述进水腔连通一进水口；所述出水腔各自连通一个出水口。该芯轴的一端通过一活动件活动配合于一杠杆的一端；
当所述出水腔内的一个所述活塞其内端密封配合于其对应侧的所述内凸环时，该出水腔与所述进水腔的水路被阻断，同时另一侧的所述出水腔通过所述过水段与内凸环之间的水路与所述进水腔连通。
该方案的改进有：
改进方案中，所述出水腔的其中一个滑动段与对应的所述活塞保持密封；该芯轴具有一个轴向开通的通孔，该通孔连通两个所述滑动段。
改进方案中，所述过水段形态为一连杆，该连杆的直径小于所述内凸环的内径，也可以是带有各种过水槽、状形态的固体；
改进方案中，所述活塞的外端和内端设有凹槽，均嵌入一密封环；该外端的密封环与所述滑动段内壁密封并滑动配合；该内端的密封环与所述内凸环相配合密封。
改进方案中，所述杠杆上设有档位块；另有一带复位弹簧的销钉，在所述杠杆起伏时活动配合于该档位块。
改进方案中，所述切换腔位于一柱状的阀体内；该阀体外壁具有轴向分布的三个过水孔，分别与所述进水口和两个出水口对应；另有一壳体，该壳体具有轴向分布的三个腔体，及贯穿该三个腔体的柱状的一盲孔；每一个该腔体都具有一外延的水路；所述阀体配合于该盲孔内，所述腔体各自与一过水孔连通成独立完整的水路。
改进方案中，所述阀体外壁具有密封环，该密封环将所述腔体相互密封隔离。
本发明又一技术方案，杠杆式切换阀包括：
阀体，它设有一进水口、二出水口和一切换腔：切换腔按其轴向分为三段，分别是两端的出水腔和中段的进水腔，进水口接通进水腔，二出水口分别接通二出水腔，所述出水腔各自轴向的外端具有一滑动段，所述进水腔具有分别位于进水口之上下方的二密封段；
芯轴，它轴向滑动装接在切换腔内，它包括一轴体、二个分别与二滑动段相密封滑动配合的第一密封塞、一个能与二密封段相切换密封配合的第二密封塞，三密封塞轴向间隔设置在轴体上且第二密封塞位于二第一密封塞之中间；第二密封塞与其中一密封段相密封配合时进水口接通该密封段对应之另一侧的出水口。
改进方案中，所述进水腔密封段由依次连接的第一直段、过渡斜段和第二直段构成，第二直段之直径大于第一直段之直径且第二直段靠近进水口；第二密封塞为活塞，第二密封塞可以与过渡斜段和第二直段相密封配合。
改进方案中，所述滑动段为直筒状。
改进方案中，所述出水口之内端与滑动段之连接处设有第一导向斜面，所述出水口之内端与第一直段之连接处设有第二导向斜面。
改进方案中，所述轴体设有一轴向延伸的通孔，该通孔与切换腔之底部相接通。
改进方案中，所述第一密封塞包括第一凸环和第一密封圈，第一凸环固接在轴体上且其外周凹设环形的第一凹槽，第一密封圈卡接在第一凹槽处，第一密封圈与滑动段相密封滑动配合；第二密封塞包括第二凸环和第二密封圈，第二凸环固接在轴体上且其外周凹设环形的第二凹槽，第二密封圈卡接在第二凹槽处，第二密封圈与密封段相密封配合。
改进方案中，所述阀体之顶部设置一盖板，该切换阀还包括设有档位的杠杆按钮、固定在盖板上且与档位相配合的定位销和复位弹性件，杠杆按钮设有一活动部，轴体之顶端与活动部相活动配合带动芯轴轴向滑动，复位弹性件顶抵在盖板和定位销之间。
改进方案中，还包括壳体，它设有一装配腔、一进水通道和二出水通道，进水通道位于二出水通道之间，所述阀体装接在装配腔内，且进水口接通进水通道，二出水口分别接通二出水通道。
改进方案中，还包括密封环，密封环抵靠在阀体之外壁和装配腔之腔壁之间。
改进方案中，所述第二密封圈的第二凸环上端面向上倾斜，下端面向下倾斜，其周壁为直筒；第二密封塞可以与密封段之过渡斜段和第二直段相密封配合。
本方案带来的有益效果有：
1.活塞的形状消除了芯轴的水阻，同时还得到同向的动力，使切换操作节省了很大的切换力，而且还可以使上下水路的切换力平衡。
2.本发明的一个改进方案中活塞外端大内端小的形状，使活塞在轴向行进时所改变的水流截面积变大，因此，缩短了同样的芯轴行程下可改变的流量，满足大出水量的要求，也即，在满足出水量的同时，节省了芯轴的行程。
3.芯轴设置通孔，使芯轴避免了内部腔体改变带来的气压影响，进一步改善了芯轴受到的阻力，省力、方便。同时，该通孔为预留的排气孔，若需要将切换腔底部气体排出，只需在轴体开设贯穿孔以连通通孔即可进行排气，通配性更强。
4、本发明的又一个改进方案， 其工作原理为：
初始状态时，若设芯轴之第二密封塞与位于进水口之上的密封段相密封配合以将上方的出水口与进水口切断连通，位于进水口下方的出水口与进水口相连通，该出水口出水；
向下滑动芯轴以使芯轴之第二密封塞与位于进水口之下方的密封段相密封配合以使下方的出水口与进水口切断连通，位于进水口上方的出水口与进水口相连通，该出水口出水。
由于第二密封塞（活塞）仅与二密封段切换密封，切换行程短且满足大出水量的要求，该芯轴结构能消除芯轴水阻，同时还得到同向的动力，使切换操作节省了很大的切换力，而且还可以使上下水路的切换力平衡，对密封段具有辅助密封之作用。
5.密封段由依次连接的第一直段、过渡斜段和第二直段构成，密封效果更好。
6.滑动段为直筒状，使得芯轴在启动时以及在滑动过程中更省力。
7.出水口之内端与滑动段之连接处设有第一导向斜面，出水口之内端与第一直段之连接处设有第二导向斜面，使得在装配过程中保护密封圈，避免密封圈在装配过程中受出水口的利口刮擦导致破损而无法密封。
附图说明
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
图1是本发明实施例一的切换腔部分剖视示意图。
图2是本发明实施例二的芯轴部分剖视示意图。
图3是本发明实施例一的总成剖视示意图。
图4是本发明实施例二切换腔连同其所在的阀体的剖面示意图。
图5是本发明实施例二其芯轴部分剖视示意图。
图6是本发明实施例二总成剖视示意图。
图7是本发明实施例三整体示意图。
图8是本发明实施例三立体分解示意图。
图9是本发明实施例三剖视图。
图10是本发明实施例三阀体的剖视示意图。
图11是本发明实施例三芯轴的剖视示意图。
图12是本发明实施例三设置有壳体的杠杆式切换阀的剖视示意图之一，此时进水通道与下方的出水通道相接通。
图13是本发明实施例三设置有壳体的杠杆式切换阀的剖视示意图之二，此时进水通道与上方的出水通道相接通。
具体实施方式
实施例一：如图1至图3所示，本发明实施例一的系列示意图，其中图1是切换腔10的构造，图2是芯轴20的构造，图3是装置总成的示意图。
如图1，切换腔10，按其轴向分为三段，分别是两端的出水腔11、13和中段的进水腔12；出水腔11、13各自轴向的外端各具有一滑动段14、15；进水腔12两端与出水腔11、13之间具有内凸环19；进水腔12连通一进水口17；出水腔11、13各自连通一个出水口16、18。
如图2，芯轴20呈哑铃状，按其轴向也包括三段，分别是两端的活塞21、23和中段的过水段22；活塞21和23均具有外端大内端小的形态，以活塞21为例，其外端24的外径较内端25大，呈倒圆台状。该芯轴20的一端通过一活动件34活动配合于一杠杆30一端的活动部35中，当杠杆30实现翘板式起伏时，可以驱动芯轴20轴向（上下）行进。
结合图1、图2看图3，是芯轴20配合于切换腔10内的整体状态图。以芯轴20上面的活塞21为例：活塞21的外端24滑动密封配合于滑动段14；出水腔的11轴向长度大于活塞21的轴向长度；过水段22的轴向长度大于进水腔12的轴向长度，该过水段22穿接于内凸环19中且与之具有过水通道；在该结构下，芯轴20整体轴向滑动配合于切换腔10内；
当出水腔13内的一个活塞23其内端密封配合于其对应侧的内凸环19时，该出水腔13与进水腔12的水路被阻断，同时另一侧的出水腔11通过过水段22与内凸环19之间的水路与进水腔12连通，该水路如箭头所示。此状态为芯轴20被杠杆30整体提升的状态，实现了如箭头所示的水路，若在此基础上将图3中的杠杆顺时针旋转按下，则进水腔12会连通下方的出水腔13，同时出水腔11与进水腔12阻断，如此，是为本阀门的切换功能。
从图3可见，由于活塞21、23外端大内端小的形状，过水段22和内凸环19之间的水路，其水流必然会给活塞21、23施加相应的推力，以至于促进水路的形成，不论是活塞21或23的一侧均是如此，该效果使整个芯轴20上下行进切换时消除了水阻，同时还得到同向的动力，使切换操作节省了很大的切换力，而且还可以使上下水路的切换力平衡。另一方面，活塞21、23外端大内端小的形状，使活塞21、23在轴向行进时，所改变的水流截面积变大，因此，缩短了同样的芯轴20行程下可改变的流量，满足大出水量的要求，也即，在满足出水量的同时，节省了芯轴20的行程。
可见，本方案实现了一个切换省力、切换力均衡、同时芯轴20行程较短的杠杆式切换方案。
本实施例还具有其他一些特点：
过水段22形态为一连杆，该连杆的直径小于内凸环19的内径。因为过水段22除了固接两个活塞21、23以外，还必须保证形成进水腔12与出水腔11、13之间的水路，故过水段22的形态可以多种。使用连杆的形态可以使形状最简单，同时节省材料。
活塞21、23的外端24、27和内端25、26设有凹槽，均嵌入一密封环；该外端24、27的密封环与滑动段14、15内壁密封并滑动配合；内端26、25的密封环与内凸环19相配合密封，该形态的芯轴20可以换用不同类型的材料，具备不同的强度、抗腐蚀性能等以适应不同的水体，均可实现妥善密封。
实施例二：如图4至图6所示，本发明实施例二的示意图；其中图4是切换腔10及其所在的阀体40剖面图；图5是芯轴20的剖面示意图；图6是本实施例安装于一壳体1内的总体剖面图。
如图4所示，本实施例的切换腔10其形状和结构与实施例一相同，故不加以赘述。切换腔10位于一柱状的阀体40内；该阀体40外壁具有轴向分布的三个过水孔41、43和42，分别与进水口和两个出水口对应，即具备同样的功能。
如图5所示，本实施例芯轴20的剖视图，该芯轴的活塞21、23以及过水段22其外形都与实施例一种芯轴20的形态类似，不同的是，图5中的芯轴20具有一个轴向开通的通孔28，该通孔28用于连通图4中切换腔10的两个滑动段。
如图6，当芯轴20配合于切换腔10中后，整个阀体40安装于一壳体1中，该壳体1具有轴向分布的三个腔体5、6和7，及贯穿该三个腔体的柱状的一盲孔8；每一个该腔体都具有一外延的水路；腔体5具有水路2，腔体6具有水路3，腔体7具有水路4，其中水路2、3和4各自接驳壳体1外的管路。
阀体40配合于该盲孔8内，腔体5、6和7各自与一过水孔41、42和43连通成独立完整的水路。
可见，该阀体40配合于壳体1的结构使切换腔10连同芯轴20可以成为一个独立的组件，配合于各种材料、各种水路的壳体1中。只要水路2、3和4可以连通过水孔41、42和43并彼此独立，即可构成完整的切换阀。阀体40和芯轴20可以模块化处理，利于规模化生产和运用。并且该阀体40体现了切换腔10的一个特点，即过水孔41、42和43在周向位置并不受限制，可以彼此在360°内交错设置，以便适用于不同水路设置的壳体1，因此，本切换阀对不同的壳体环境具有很好的适应性。
阀体40的外壁通过凹槽44、45、46和47具有密封环，密封环将腔体5、6和7相互密封隔离，易于组装构成水路。芯轴20其轴向开通的通孔28，通图4中切换腔10的两个滑动段，结合图6所示，当芯轴20在阀体40中上下活动时，通孔28连通图4中切换腔10的两端滑动段，使盲孔8下方的气压与上方的气压平衡，如此消除了芯轴20受气压影响而活动不便的弊端，使芯轴20上下自如，阻力更小。实际可以将通孔28连通到芯轴20外端，与阀体40外部的气体连通，进一步平衡内部气压，节省按压阻力。
考虑到杠杆30翘板式按压的手感，在杠杆30上设有档位块31；另有一带复位弹簧33的销钉32，在杠杆30起伏时活动配合于档位块32，可以实现档位的手感，同时可以辅助杠杆30的倾斜定位，提高芯轴20的稳定性。
实施例三：如图7至图13所示，本发明实施例三的系列示意图。所述的一种杠杆式切换阀，它包括阀体100和芯轴200。
所述阀体100，它设有一进水口110、二出水口120和一切换腔，切换腔按其轴向分为三段，分别是两端的出水腔130和中段的进水腔140，进水口110接通进水腔140，二出水口120分别接通二出水腔130，所述出水腔130各自轴向的外端具有一滑动段131，所述进水腔140具有分别位于进水口110之上下方的二密封段。本实施例中，所述阀体100之顶部设置一盖板150。
本实施例中，所述密封段由依次连接的第一直段141、过渡斜段142和第二直段143构成，第二直段143之直径大于第一直段141之直径且第二直段143靠近进水口110，密封效果更好。
本实施例中，所述出水口120之内端与滑动段131之连接处设有第一导向斜面121，所述出水口120之内端与第一直段141之连接处设有第二导向斜面122。使得在装配过程中保护密封圈，避免密封圈在装配过程中受出水口的利口刮擦导致破损而无法密封。
本实施例中，所述滑动段131为直筒状，使得芯轴在启动时以及在滑动过程中更省力。
所述芯轴200，它轴向滑动装接在切换腔内，它包括一轴体210、二个分别与二滑动段131相密封滑动配合的第一密封塞220、230、一个能与二密封段相切换密封配合的第二密封塞240，三密封塞轴向间隔设置在轴体210上且第二密封塞240位于二第一密封塞220、230之中间；第二密封塞240与其中一密封段相密封配合时进水口110接通该密封段对应之另一侧的出水口120。
本实施例中，第二密封塞230为活塞，可以与过渡斜段142和第二直段143相密封配合。
本实施例中，所述轴体210设有一轴向延伸的通孔211，该通孔211与切换腔之底部相接通。轴体设有轴向延伸的通孔，使得芯轴重量轻，切换更加省力，同时，该通孔为预留的排气孔，若需要将切换腔底部气体排出，只需在轴体开设贯穿孔以连通通孔即可进行排气，通配性更强。
本实施例中，所述第一密封塞220包括第一凸环221和第一密封圈222，第一凸环221固接在轴体210上且其外周凹设环形的第一凹槽223，第一密封圈222卡接在第一凹槽223处，第一密封圈222与滑动段131相密封滑动配合；本实施例中，又一第一密封塞230的结构形状与第一密封塞220相同。
第二密封塞240包括第二凸环243和第二密封圈242，第二凸环243固接在轴体210上，且其外周凹设环形的第二凹槽241，第二密封圈242卡接在第二凹槽241处；第二密封圈242的第二凸环243上端面向上倾斜，下端面向下倾斜，其周壁为直筒；第二密封塞240可以与密封段之过渡斜段142和第二直段143相密封配合；
本实施例中，该切换阀还包括设有档位的杠杆按钮310、固定在盖板150上且与档位相配合的定位销320和复位弹性件330，杠杆按钮310设有一活动部311，轴体210之顶端与活动部311相活动配合带动芯轴200轴向滑动，复位弹性件330顶抵在盖板150和定位销320之间。当杠杆按钮310实现翘板式起伏时，可以驱动芯轴200轴向（上下）行进。
本实施例中，该切换阀还包括壳体400，它设有一装配腔410、一进水通道420和二出水通道430，进水通道420位于二出水通道430之间，所述阀体100装接在装配腔410内，且进水口110接通进水通道420，二出水口120分别接通二出水通道430。
本实施例中，该切换阀还包括密封环440，密封环440抵靠在阀体100之外壁和装配腔410之腔壁之间。
其工作原理为：
初始状态时，若设芯轴200之第二密封塞240与位于进水口110之上的密封段相密封配合以将上方的出水口120与进水口110切断连通，位于进水口下方的出水口120与进水口110相连通，第二密封塞240该出水口120出水，如图12所示；
按压杠杆按钮310带动芯轴向下滑动以使芯轴之第二密封塞与位于进水口之下方的密封段相密封配合以使下方的出水口120与进水口110切断连通，位于进水口110上方的出水口120与进水口110相连通，该出水口120出水，如图13所示。
由于第二密封塞仅与二密封段切换密封，行程短且满足大出水量的要求，该芯轴结构能消除芯轴水阻，同时还得到同向的动力，使切换操作节省了很大的切换力，而且还可以使上下水路的切换力平衡，对密封段具有辅助密封之作用。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳实施例而已，故不能依此限定本发明实施的范围，即依本发明专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰，皆应仍属本发明涵盖的范围内。
工业实用性
本发明杠杆式切换阀，通过其按压杠杆装置，带动安装在切换腔内的芯轴上下移动，设置在芯轴上的活塞对水路的导通或阻断，实现水路切换。本发明杠杆式切换阀切换省力、切换力均衡、同时芯轴行程较短，具有良好的工业实用性。

Claims (17)

  1. 杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：它包括：
    切换腔，按其轴向分为三段，分别是两端的出水腔和中段的进水腔；所述出水腔各自轴向的外端具有一滑动段；所述进水腔两端与所述出水腔之间具有内凸环；以及
    芯轴，哑铃状，轴向滑动配合于所述切换腔内；按其轴向包括三段，分别是两端的活塞和中段的过水段；所述活塞具有外端大内端小的形态；
    其中，所述活塞的外端滑动密封配合于所述滑动段；所述出水腔的轴向长度大于所述活塞的轴向长度；所述过水段的轴向长度大于所述进水腔的轴向长度，该过水段穿接于所述内凸环中且与之具有过水通道；
    所述进水腔连通一进水口；所述出水腔各自连通一个出水口，该芯轴的一端通过一活动件活动配合于一杠杆的一端；
    当所述出水腔内的一个所述活塞其内端密封配合于其对应侧的所述内凸环时，该出水腔与所述进水腔的水路被阻断，同时另一侧的所述出水腔通过所述过水段与内凸环之间的水路与所述进水腔连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述出水腔的其中一个滑动段与对应的所述活塞保持密封；该芯轴具有一个轴向开通的通孔，该通孔连通两个所述滑动段。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述过水段形态为一连杆，该连杆的直径小于所述内凸环的内径。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述活塞的外端和内端设有凹槽，均嵌入一密封环；该外端的密封环与所述滑动段内壁密封并滑动配合；该内端的密封环与所述内凸环相配合密封。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述杠杆上设有档位块；另有一带复位弹簧的销钉，在所述杠杆起伏时活动配合于该档位块。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2或3或4或5所述杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述切换腔位于一柱状的阀体内；该阀体外壁具有轴向分布的三个过水孔，分别与所述进水口和两个出水口对应；另有一壳体，该壳体具有轴向分布的三个腔体，及贯穿该三个腔体的柱状的一盲孔；每一个该腔体都具有一外延的水路；所述阀体配合于该盲孔内，所述腔体各自与一过水孔连通成独立完整的水路。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述阀体外壁具有密封环，该密封环将所述腔体相互密封隔离。
  8. 杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：它包括：
    阀体，它设有一进水口、二出水口和一切换腔：切换腔按其轴向分为三段，分别是两端的出水腔和中段的进水腔，进水口接通进水腔，二出水口分别接通二出水腔，所述出水腔各自轴向的外端具有一滑动段，所述进水腔具有分别位于进水口之上下方的二密封段；
    芯轴，它轴向滑动装接在切换腔内，它包括一轴体、二个分别与二滑动段相密封滑动配合的第一密封塞以及一个能与二密封段相切换密封配合的第二密封塞，三密封塞轴向间隔设置在轴体上且第二密封塞位于二第一密封塞之中间；第二密封塞与其中一密封段相密封配合时进水口接通该密封段对应之另一侧的出水口。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述密封段由依次连接的第一直段、过渡斜段和第二直段构成，第二直段之直径大于第一直段之直径且第二直段靠近进水口；第二密封塞为活塞，第二密封塞与过渡斜段和第二直段相密封配合。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述滑动段为直筒状。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述出水口之内端与滑动段之连接处设有第一导向斜面，所述出水口之内端与第一直段之连接处设有第二导向斜面。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述轴体设有一轴向延伸的通孔，该通孔与切换腔之底部相接通。
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述第一密封塞包括第一凸环和第一密封圈，第一凸环固接在轴体上且其外周凹设环形的第一凹槽，第一密封圈卡接在第一凹槽处，第一密封圈与滑动段相密封滑动配合；第二密封塞包括第二凸环和第二密封圈，第二凸环固接在轴体上且其外周凹设环形的第二凹槽，第二密封圈卡接在第二凹槽处，第二密封圈与密封段相密封配合。
  14. 根据权利要求8至13中任意一项所述的杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述阀体之顶部设置一盖板，该切换阀还包括设有档位的杠杆按钮、固定在盖板上且与档位相配合的定位销和复位弹性件，杠杆按钮设有一活动部，轴体之顶端与活动部相活动配合带动芯轴轴向滑动，复位弹性件顶抵在盖板和定位销之间。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：还包括壳体，它设有一装配腔、一进水通道和二出水通道，进水通道位于二出水通道之间，所述阀体装接在装配腔内，且进水口接通进水通道，二出水口分别接通二出水通道。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：还包括密封环，密封环抵靠在阀体之外壁和装配腔之腔壁之间。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的杠杆式切换阀，其特征在于：所述第二密封圈的第二凸环上端面向上倾斜，下端面向下倾斜，其周壁为直筒；第二密封塞可以与密封段之过渡斜段和第二直段相密封配合。
PCT/CN2014/074791 2013-05-24 2014-04-04 杠杆式切换阀 WO2014187199A1 (zh)

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