WO2014185562A1 - Film de diffusion de lumière pour élément électroluminescent organique et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Film de diffusion de lumière pour élément électroluminescent organique et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014185562A1
WO2014185562A1 PCT/KR2013/004234 KR2013004234W WO2014185562A1 WO 2014185562 A1 WO2014185562 A1 WO 2014185562A1 KR 2013004234 W KR2013004234 W KR 2013004234W WO 2014185562 A1 WO2014185562 A1 WO 2014185562A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
scattering
forming
light
pore
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PCT/KR2013/004234
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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송세호
최성열
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주식회사 나노신소재
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Publication of WO2014185562A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014185562A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
    • G02B5/0247—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of voids or pores
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/854—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising scattering means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light scattering film of an organic light emitting device.
  • OLEDs Organic light-emitting devices sandwich an organic layer between electrodes, apply a voltage between the electrodes, inject holes and electrons, and recombine within the organic layer, whereby the light-emitting molecules are excited from the excited state. It is used to extract the light generated in the process to reach the display backlight, lighting, and the like.
  • the refractive index of the organic light emitting layer used in the organic light emitting device is about 1.8 to 2.1 at the wavelength of 430nm
  • the ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) used as the light transmitting electrode layer has a refractive index of about 1.9 to 2.1.
  • the emitted light reaches the interface between the light transmissive electrode layer and the translucent substrate without total reflection between the organic light emitting layer and the light transmissive electrode layer.
  • the refractive index of the glass or resin substrate which is normally used as a translucent substrate is about 1.5-1.6, and is lower refractive index than an organic light emitting layer or a translucent electrode layer.
  • the amount of light that can be extracted to the outside of the organic light emitting device is less than 20% of the emitted light.
  • a scattering layer is formed between the high refractive index ITO light transmissive electrode layer and the glass substrate layer so that the light passing through the ITO layer effectively prevents total reflection at the interface with the low refractive glass substrate. Layer formation techniques are being developed.
  • the oxides used as the scattering layer should have a size of about 200 ⁇ 1000nm to induce light scattering.
  • the present invention provides a light scattering film that can maintain the haze by 5% or less by forming pores in the scattering layer to induce scattering.
  • the present invention provides a light scattering film having an increased scattering rate by increasing the refractive index of the scattering layer.
  • the present invention provides a method for producing a light scattering film by forming pores.
  • the light scattering film according to an aspect of the present invention includes a scattering layer having pores therein and a flat layer formed on the scattering layer, and the average particle diameter of the pores formed in the scattering layer is 200 nm to 1000 nm.
  • the refractive index of the scattering layer and the refractive index of the flat layer is 1.7 to 2.1.
  • the scattering layer includes any one selected from the group consisting of TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , CeO 2 , ZnO and SiO 2 .
  • a light-scattering film production method comprising: preparing a scattering layer by coating a composition including a pore-forming polymer ball, a skeleton-forming particle, and a binder on a substrate; Selectively removing the pore-forming polymer balls to form pores in the scattering layer; And forming a flat layer on the scattering layer.
  • the composition is 30 wt% to 60 wt% of the pore-forming polymer ball, 20 wt% to 40 wt% of the particles for the skeleton, And 10 wt% to 30 wt% of a binder, and 70 wt% to 95 wt% of the solvent, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the ratio of the average particle size of the pore-forming polymer ball and the average particle size of the skeleton-forming particles is 200: 1 to 2: 1.
  • haze can be lowered to 5% or less by scattering light by pores instead of scattering particles.
  • the scattering rate may be increased by increasing the refractive index of the scattering layer.
  • the size of the pores can be freely adjusted to obtain an optimal light extraction effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a laminated structure of an organic light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a light scattering film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a light scattering film manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4a to 4c are SEM images of the polymer ball for pore forming prepared according to the present invention.
  • 5 to 7 are SEM images of the light scattering film prepared according to the present invention.
  • the terms "comprises” or “having” are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, components, or a combination thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a laminated structure of an organic light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram of a light scattering film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the organic light emitting diode 110 is formed by sequentially stacking a hole injection layer 111, an organic emission layer 112, an electron transport layer 113, and a transparent electrode layer 114. At this time, although not shown, a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer may be further formed as necessary.
  • the light scattering film 100 according to the present invention is formed on the electrode layer 114 of the organic light emitting device. 2, the light scattering film 100 according to the present invention includes a scattering layer 102 having pores 106 formed therein, and a flat layer 103 formed on the upper layer 102. It includes.
  • the substrate 101 is a glass substrate or a plastic substrate, so long as it is a material capable of easily transmitting light, there is no limitation on the selection.
  • the scattering layer 102 scatters the light emitted from the organic light emitting diode by the pores 106 formed therein. Therefore, when the skeletal support 105 constituting the scattering layer 102 has a high refractive index (when the refractive index of the scattering layer is high), the refractive index with the pores 106 becomes large and the scattering rate becomes relatively high.
  • the refractive index of the scattering layer 102 may be adjusted to 1.7 to 2.1. According to the present invention, since the scattering rate is controlled by the pores, the refractive index of the skeletal support forming the scattering layer can be freely adjusted.
  • haze is less than 5% is suitable for display.
  • the average particle diameter of the pores 106 has a size within 200nm to 1000nm to increase the light scattering efficiency. If the average particle diameter of the pores is less than 200nm, there is a problem that does not have a sufficient light scattering effect, if the average particle size exceeds 1000nm there is a problem that the pore size is too large to form a layer.
  • the flat layer 103 is formed on the scattering layer 102 to cover the scattering layer having a non-uniform surface. Therefore, the flatness of the transparent electrode layer is maintained by the flat layer 103, thereby preventing structural defects of the organic light emitting diode.
  • the refractive index of the flat layer 103 may be adjusted to 1.7 to 2.1 in the same manner as the transparent electrode layer 114 to increase light extraction efficiency at the interface with the transparent electrode layer 114. Therefore, when the scattering layer 102 and the flat layer 103 have the same refractive index, the refractive indexes of the transparent electrode layer 114, the flat layer 103, and the scattering layer 102 are all the same. Since there is no difference, light extraction efficiency can be maximized.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a light scattering film manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the light scattering film manufacturing method comprises the steps of forming a scattering layer by coating a composition comprising a polymer ball for forming pores, particles for forming a skeleton, a binder, and a solvent on a substrate, Selectively removing the polymer balls to form pores in the scattering layer, and forming a flat layer on the scattering layer.
  • the scattering layer may be formed by spin coating a glass substrate 101 on a composition including a pore-forming polymer ball, a skeleton-forming particle, and a binder and drying the pores.
  • a scattering layer 102 in which the forming polymer balls 104 and the skeletal forming particles 105 are dispersed is manufactured.
  • the composition for forming the scattering layer comprises 30 wt% to 60 wt% of pore-forming polymer balls, 20 wt% to 40 wt% of particles for skeletal formation, and 10 wt% to 30 wt%, based on the total weight of solids. It includes a binder. Also included is 70 wt% to 95 wt% of solvent relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the pore-forming polymer ball 104 is selectively removed after the formation of the scattering layer to form pores, so that any material that can be easily dissolved in a specific solvent can be selected without limitation.
  • a thermoplastic resin is preferably selected.
  • the pore-forming polymer balls are made of ABS resin (acrylonitrile butadiene-styrene copolymer acetal), acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride resin chloride, and polycarbonate, and the like.
  • ABS resin acrylonitrile butadiene-styrene copolymer acetal
  • acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride resin chloride, and polycarbonate, and the like.
  • the pore-forming polymer ball 104 is included in an amount of 30 wt% to 60 wt% based on the total weight of solids included in the composition.
  • the pore-forming polymer ball 104 is included in an amount of 30 wt% to 60 wt% based on the total weight of solids included in the composition.
  • the average particle size (D 50 ) of the pore-forming polymer ball 104 may be 200 nm to 1000 nm. If the size of the polymer ball is less than 200nm, the size of the pores formed by the polymer ball is small, there is a problem that does not have a sufficient scattering effect, if the size of the polymer ball exceeds 1000nm, the size of the pores is too large to planarization and pore There is a problem that the skeleton cannot maintain.
  • the average particle size (D 50 ) of the pore-forming polymer ball is 200 nm to 500 nm, sufficient scattering efficiency and light extraction efficiency may be maintained while maintaining a skeleton.
  • the skeleton forming particle 105 serves to support the skeleton of the scattering layer 102 in which the pores are formed when the polymer ball for forming pores is removed.
  • Such skeleton-forming particles may be any one or more selected from the group consisting of TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , ZnO, CeO 2 ,.
  • the average particle size (D 50 ) of the skeleton forming particles 105 may be 5nm to 100nm. If the size of the particles for skeleton formation is less than 5nm, there is a problem that handling is not easy. In addition, when the particle size exceeds 100 nm, light is scattered by the particles for skeleton formation, and the haze exceeds 5%. Therefore, there is a problem that is not suitable for use in a display. In order to minimize light scattering by the particles for skeleton formation, the average particle size of the particles is preferably 5 nm or more and less than 50 nm.
  • the skeletal particles 105 are included in an amount of 20 wt% to 40 wt%, based on the total weight of solids included in the composition.
  • the content of the skeleton-forming particles is less than 20 wt%, there is a problem that the light extraction efficiency is low because the refractive index is low, and when the content exceeds 40 wt%, there is a problem that the pore density decreases due to the decrease of the content of the pore-forming polymer balls. .
  • the ratio of the average particle size of the polymer particles and the average particle size of the particles is adjusted to 200: 1 to 2: 1, it is possible to prepare a scattering layer having sufficient pores.
  • the ratio of the average particle size of the polymer particles and the average particle size of the particles may be adjusted to 100: 1 to 5: 1.
  • the particles for skeleton formation according to the present invention is an inorganic material, it does not absorb moisture and is excellent in durability. Therefore, it is suitable for an organic light emitting device having a high possibility of penetration of moisture when used for a long time.
  • the binder is comprised between 10 wt% and 30 wt%, based on the total weight of solids included in the composition. If the content of the binder is less than 10 wt%, there is a problem that the adhesion of the skeleton-forming particles falls, if the content of the binder exceeds 30 wt%, the content of the pore-forming polymer ball and the skeleton-forming particles are reduced and the refractive index is reduced There is.
  • the binder may be made of a silane compound, the weight average molecular weight of the silane compound is preferably 2,000 to 50,000, more preferably 5,000 to 30,000, most preferably 10,000 to 20,000.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the silane compound is less than 2,000, it causes cracks due to excessive shrinkage of the binder during heat treatment at a high temperature of 300 ° C. or higher, and if it exceeds 50,000, there is a problem that the viscosity is too high or a gel is formed to cause solidification. .
  • the binder is prevented from generating cracks at a high temperature of 300 ° C. or higher by appropriate molecular weight control, has a high refractive index (1.8 to 2.1), and has an absorption coefficient of less than ⁇ 0.001.
  • the composition including the binder of the present invention can be very useful in the field of organic light emitting devices.
  • the solvent is comprised between 70 wt% and 95 wt% with respect to the total weight of the composition.
  • the content of the solvent may be determined in consideration of the coatability of the coating composition.
  • the solvent include, but are not limited to, butyl acetate, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, methyl cellulose, and propylene glycol ethyl ether. Any one or more may be selected from the group consisting of methyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose.
  • a dispersing agent for dispersing the pore-forming polymer ball and the skeleton-forming particles may be further included.
  • the forming of pores in the scattering layer may selectively remove the pore-forming polymer balls to form pores 106.
  • the skeleton forming particle 105 is firmly attached to the glass substrate 101 by a binder to maintain the skeleton even when the pore-forming polymer ball is removed.
  • a method of removing the pore-forming polymer balls a method of sintering at a predetermined temperature and a method of removing using the polymer solvent may be selected.
  • the method of sintering at a predetermined temperature sinters the substrate coated with the scattering layer at a temperature of about 450 ° C. or less. If the sintering temperature is higher than 450 ° C., the scattering layer and the substrate may be warped. At this time, the pore-forming polymer ball is preferably a plastic resin that can be melted by heat.
  • the pore-forming polymer balls are formed to have a size of 200 to 1000 nm, the pore sizes may be uniformly formed to have a size of 200 to 1000 nm, and thus may have sufficient scattering effects.
  • pores can be uniformly formed compared to a structure for forming voids by controlling the density of scattering particles and the like, and the size of each pore is uniformly formed (uniformity), which has an excellent scattering effect.
  • the method of using a polymer solvent may use acetone, PGMEA, ketones such as PGME, and organic solvents such as acetate and ether.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the polymer ball for forming pores included in the composition may be used without limitation as long as the solvent can dissolve the polymer ball.
  • the scattering layer is immersed in the polymer solvent for a predetermined time to remove the pore-forming polymer balls.
  • the polymer solvent there is no high temperature heating process, so that a crack does not occur in the support or the substrate is not bent.
  • reference numeral 102a which is not described, is irregularities formed on the surface by the formation of pores.
  • a flat layer 103 having a predetermined thickness is formed by coating the top surface of the scattering layer. Since the surface of the scattering layer is not flat due to the pores, the flatness of the ITO film is lowered when the ITO film is formed thereon. Therefore, there is an advantage that the flatness of the ITO film can be maintained by the flattening layer 103.
  • the binder is preferably contained in an amount of 10 to 40 wt%, and more preferably in an amount of 15 to 25 wt%, based on the total weight of solids.
  • the binder is included in less than 10 wt%, it is difficult to stably form the flat layer on the scattering layer due to the lack of adhesion of the composition for forming the planarization layer, and when the content exceeds 40 wt%, the content of particles is relatively decreased, resulting in high refractive index. Difficult to secure.
  • the particles are preferably included in 60 to 90wt%, more preferably in the 75 to 85wt%. If it is included in less than 60 wt%, it is difficult to secure a high refractive index, and if it exceeds 90 wt%, there is a problem that the content of the binder is relatively insufficient.
  • the solvent is preferably included in 70 to 95 wt%, more preferably 80 to 90 wt% relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the solvent include, but are not limited to, propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME), propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl alcohol, acetone and the like.
  • the average particle size of the particles for skeleton formation is preferably 5 nm ⁇ 100 nm. If the average particle size is less than 5 nm, the handling of the particle size is difficult, and if it exceeds 100 nm, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient light transmittance. When the skeleton-forming particles have the above particle size range, scattering may be minimized to obtain a transmittance of 90% or more of the flat layer.
  • a polymer ball having a size of 300 to 380 nm was prepared in the same manner except that 0.7 g of 2.2-Azobis (2-methylpropionamide) and 3.5 g of ethylene glylcol were added to 750 g of distilled water in a 1000 ml flask, and the temperature was raised to 84 ° C. while stirring. .
  • the SEM photograph of the prepared polymer ball is shown in Figure 4b.
  • a polymer ball having a size of 250 to 290 nm was prepared in the same manner except that 0.7 g of 2.2-Azobis (2-methylpropionamide) and 3.5 g of ethylene glylcol were added to 750 g of distilled water and heated to 90 ° C. while stirring in a 1000 ml flask. .
  • the SEM photograph of the prepared polymer ball is shown in Figure 4c.
  • MTMS methyltrimethoxysilane
  • DI water deionized water
  • a scattering film was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 3g of the polymer ball prepared according to Example 1-2, 3g of TiO 2 , and 1g of the binder prepared according to Example 1-4 were mixed. SEM pictures of the prepared scattering film are shown in FIG. 6, and the measured refractive index, dispersion degree, and pore uniformity are shown in Table 1.
  • a scattering film was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 3g of the polymer ball prepared according to Example 1-3, 2g of TiO 2 , and 1g of the binder prepared according to Example 1-4 were mixed.
  • the SEM photograph of the prepared scattering film is shown in FIG. 7, and the measured refractive index, dispersion degree, and pore uniformity are shown in Table 1.
  • the refractive index has a high refractive index of 1.75 to 1.97.
  • the uniformity of the pores is formed well.
  • the pore uniformity is considered good when the average elliptic ratio (pore shortening and long axis ratio) of the pores is 0.6 or more, and is poor when it is less than that.
  • the major axis of the pores is 461.953 nm and the minor axis is 361.528 nm, and the elliptic ratio is 0.78.
  • the refractive index is 1.52, indicating that the refractive index is relatively low. Although the pores are partially formed, the uniformity of the pores is low and the surface roughness is poor.
  • the scattering layer manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention is excellent in the uniformity (elliptic ratio) of the pores, it can be inferred that the scattering efficiency is excellent because the dispersion and roughness is good. In addition, it can be seen that the refractive index of the scattering layer is excellent in light extraction efficiency.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un film de diffusion de lumière comprenant une couche de diffusion dans laquelle sont formés des pores et une couche plate formée sur la couche de diffusion, les pores formés dans la couche de diffusion ayant un diamètre moyen compris entre 200 nm et 1000 nm.
PCT/KR2013/004234 2013-05-13 2013-05-13 Film de diffusion de lumière pour élément électroluminescent organique et son procédé de fabrication WO2014185562A1 (fr)

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KR10-2013-0053883 2013-05-13

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20170097944A (ko) * 2016-02-19 2017-08-29 율촌화학 주식회사 유기 발광 소자 광추출층, 이를 이용하는 유기 발광 소자 및 그 제조 방법
CN111239883A (zh) * 2020-02-19 2020-06-05 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 偏光片、lcd屏幕和oled屏幕
CN112166381A (zh) * 2019-03-04 2021-01-01 (株)尖端实验室 用于固化机的光提取结构和照明装置

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JP2005063704A (ja) * 2003-08-20 2005-03-10 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 有機ｅｌ素子
JP4406572B2 (ja) * 2004-03-03 2010-01-27 株式会社 日立ディスプレイズ 発光素子及びその表示装置
KR20100029757A (ko) * 2007-05-10 2010-03-17 이스트맨 코닥 캄파니 개선된 광 출력을 갖는 유기전계 소자
KR20100103694A (ko) * 2008-01-15 2010-09-27 코닌클리즈케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. Ｌｅｄ용 광학 세라믹 내의 제어된 다공성에 의한 광 산란
KR20120007472A (ko) * 2010-07-14 2012-01-20 엘티씨 (주) 높은 광추출 성능을 갖는 무기 산란막

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005063704A (ja) * 2003-08-20 2005-03-10 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 有機ｅｌ素子
JP4406572B2 (ja) * 2004-03-03 2010-01-27 株式会社 日立ディスプレイズ 発光素子及びその表示装置
KR20100029757A (ko) * 2007-05-10 2010-03-17 이스트맨 코닥 캄파니 개선된 광 출력을 갖는 유기전계 소자
KR20100103694A (ko) * 2008-01-15 2010-09-27 코닌클리즈케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. Ｌｅｄ용 광학 세라믹 내의 제어된 다공성에 의한 광 산란
KR20120007472A (ko) * 2010-07-14 2012-01-20 엘티씨 (주) 높은 광추출 성능을 갖는 무기 산란막

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20170097944A (ko) * 2016-02-19 2017-08-29 율촌화학 주식회사 유기 발광 소자 광추출층, 이를 이용하는 유기 발광 소자 및 그 제조 방법
KR101957756B1 (ko) * 2016-02-19 2019-03-14 율촌화학 주식회사 유기 발광 소자 광추출층, 이를 이용하는 유기 발광 소자 및 그 제조 방법
CN112166381A (zh) * 2019-03-04 2021-01-01 (株)尖端实验室 用于固化机的光提取结构和照明装置
CN111239883A (zh) * 2020-02-19 2020-06-05 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 偏光片、lcd屏幕和oled屏幕

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