WO2014183570A1 - 一种子模块、保护单元、换流器及其控制方法 - Google Patents
一种子模块、保护单元、换流器及其控制方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014183570A1 WO2014183570A1 PCT/CN2014/076781 CN2014076781W WO2014183570A1 WO 2014183570 A1 WO2014183570 A1 WO 2014183570A1 CN 2014076781 W CN2014076781 W CN 2014076781W WO 2014183570 A1 WO2014183570 A1 WO 2014183570A1
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- Prior art keywords
- sub
- protection unit
- module
- endpoint
- thyristor
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0095—Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of power electronics, and particularly relates to a submodule, a protection unit, a voltage source type multi-level converter and a control method thereof. Background technique
- the modular multi-level converter is a new type of converter suitable for high-voltage applications in recent years. It adopts the sub-module cascade method, which can be changed by controlling the state of each sub-module separately.
- the AC voltage outputted by the current device approaches the sine wave, thereby reducing the harmonic content in the output voltage. Its appearance solves the series voltage equalization problem existing in the two-level voltage source converter, and has broad application prospects.
- Marquardt Rainer's "Distributed Energy Storage and Converter Circuit” first introduced a modular multilevel converter (MMC) (Patent Application Publication No.: DE10103031A), which uses a half bridge with submodules The capacitors are composed in parallel, and the output port of the sub-module can be controlled to generate two levels of capacitor voltage or zero voltage.
- MMC modular multilevel converter
- the successful commissioning of the Trans Bay project the world's first flexible DC transmission project with this topology, was demonstrated by Siemens, demonstrating the engineering application feasibility of this converter topology.
- ABB has modified the structure based on the modular multilevel converter topology, and proposed a cascaded two-level modular multilevel topology (Patent Application Publication No.: US20100328977A1).
- the difference between the streamer and the modular multilevel converter described above is that the submodules are connected in the opposite way.
- the above two modular multilevel converters have the disadvantage that the AC network can provide fault current to the fault point through the diode of the submodule when the DC network fails, thereby causing overcurrent of the AC, DC and converter valves. Therefore, the DC fault must be cleared by jumping into the line switch. In the event of a transient failure in the DC network, all of the above-mentioned two modular multilevel converters connected to it also need to jump into the AC incoming line switch, and the time to resume power transmission will be longer. Summary of the invention
- the object of the present invention is to provide a sub-module which can be used in a DC fault lockout converter In order to prevent the AC system from injecting fault current into the DC network, it is not necessary to jump the AC incoming line switch to clear the transient fault of the DC network, thereby quickly restarting the system.
- a protection unit, an inverter corresponding to the submodule, and a control method are also provided.
- the AC converter can be prevented from providing fault current to the fault point by blocking the converter
- FIG. 1 is a topological view of one embodiment of a sub-module of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a topological structural view of an embodiment of a submodule of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a topological view of one embodiment of a sub-module of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a topological view of one embodiment of a sub-module of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a topological structural view of an inverter using all of the submodules provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of two topologies of the remaining submodules in the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a topological structural view of an inverter partially using the submodule provided by the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a converter control method of the present invention.
- Figure 9 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a converter control method of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a topological structural view of a sub-module protection unit of the present invention.
- Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing the connection mode of the sub-module protection unit and the sub-module of the present invention
- FIG. 1 to 4 are topological views of a preferred embodiment of a sub-module provided by the present invention.
- Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the case where the freewheeling diode branch does not contain a resistor
- Figures 3 and 4 show the freewheeling diode branch. The case of a resistor.
- the sub-module includes a turn-off device 1, 3, 5 and an energy storage element 8 with anti-parallel diodes, wherein the turn-off device 1 is in anti-parallel with the diode 2, and the device 3 can be turned off.
- the device 5 can be turned off and the diode 6 is anti-parallel; for the turn-off devices 1, 3, 5, a single controllable switching device (such as IGBT, IGCT, MOSFET or GT0) can be used.
- the device as exemplified by the IGBTs in the embodiments provided herein, may also employ a structure in which at least two controllable switching devices are connected in series.
- the connection point serves as the terminal XI of the sub-module 10, the collector of which can be turned off Connecting the emitter of the turn-off device 3 via the energy storage element 8; the collector of the turn-off device 1 is also connected to the cathode of the diode 7, the anode connection of which can turn off the collector of the device 5, and The connection point serves as the end point X2 of the sub-module 10; the emitter of the turn-off device 5 is connected to the emitter of the turn-off device 3.
- the emitter of the turn-off device 5 is connected to the cathode of the diode 7, and the connection point serves as the terminal XI of the sub-module 11, the collector of the turn-off device 5 via the energy storage element 8 Connecting the anode of the diode 7; the collector of the turn-off device 5 is also connected to the collector of the turn-off device 3, the emitter of the turn-off device 3 being connected to the collector of the device 1 and the connection Pointing as the end point X2 of the sub-module 11, the emitter of the turn-off device 1 is connected to the anode of the diode 7.
- the sub-module includes a turn-off device 1, 3, 5 and an energy storage element C with anti-parallel diodes, wherein the turn-off device 1 and the diode 2 are anti-parallel, and the device can be turned off.
- 3 is anti-parallel with diode 4, which can turn off device 5 and diode 6 in anti-parallel; for turn-off devices 1, 3, 5, it can use a single controllable switching device (such as IGBT, IGCT, MOSFET or GT0)
- the control device as exemplified by the IGBT in the embodiments provided herein, may also adopt a structure in which at least two controllable switching devices are connected in series.
- the collector of the turn-off device 1 is connected to the emitter of the turn-off device 3, and the connection point serves as the terminal XI of the sub-module 10, the emission of the turn-off device 1
- the collector of the turn-off device 3 is connected via the energy storage element C; the collector of the turn-off device 1 is also connected to the series resistor R, the other end of the series resistor is connected to the cathode of the diode 7, and the anode connection of the diode 7 is
- the collector of the device 5 is turned off, and this connection point serves as the end point X2 of the sub-module 10; the collector of the turn-off device 5 is connected to the collector of the turn-off device 3.
- the series resistor R and the position of the diode 7 are interchangeable as long as the anode of the diode 7 is directly connected to the terminal X2 or the series resistor R is connected to the terminal X2.
- Figure 4 is a sub-module 1 in which the endpoint XI and the endpoint in the sub-module topology shown in Figure 3
- the X2 position is interchanged, the collector and emitter positions of all turn-off devices are interchanged, and the anode and cathode positions of all diodes are interchanged.
- the collector of the turn-off device 5 is connected to the cathode of the diode 7, and the connection point serves as the terminal XI of the sub-module 11, and the emitter of the turn-off device 5 is connected to one end of the series resistor R via the energy storage element C.
- the other end of the series resistor R is connected to the anode of the diode 7; the collector of the turn-off device 5 is also connected to the collector of the turn-off device 3, the emitter of which can be turned off to turn off the device 1
- the collector, and the connection point serves as the end point X2 of the sub-module 11, the collector of the turn-off device 1 is connected to one end of the series resistor R.
- the position of the series resistor R and the diode 7 can be interchanged as long as the cathode of the diode 7 is directly connected to the terminal XI or the terminal XI is connected via the series resistor R.
- the switchable device, the resistor, the freewheeling diode, and the turn-off device in the embodiments of the present invention only describe the equivalent components. That is to say, it can be cascaded by multiple components.
- the resistor may be formed by a plurality of resistor strings and/or in parallel to form an equivalent resistor.
- the freewheeling diode may be referred to as a plurality of freewheeling diode strings and/or in parallel as an equivalent freewheeling diode, and the like.
- the series resistance is an equivalent representation, that is, the positions of the resistors and the freewheeling diodes are not limited, and the number may be alternately arranged.
- the inverter all uses the present invention to provide a sub-module including at least one phase unit, and the specific number of the phase units can be based on the AC system.
- the number of alternating end points is determined; for each phase unit, there are an upper arm 100 and a lower arm 101, and the upper and lower arms each include at least two submodules 10 and at least one reactor connected in series with each other.
- each submodule 10 has two end points XI, 12, in the same bridge arm (upper arm or lower bridge) In the arm), all the sub-modules 10 are connected in the same direction, and the sub-modules in the upper and lower arms are connected in opposite directions, which can be matched with FIG. 3; one end of the upper arm 100 serves as the first straight of the phase unit.
- the flow end point P is used to access the DC network, and one end of the lower arm 101 is used as the second DC end point N of the phase unit for accessing the DC network, and the upper arm 100 and the lower arm 101 are connected to each other.
- the series position of the submodule 10 and the reactor 20 is not limited, and since one reactor can be regarded as a plurality of sub-reactors connected in series, The number of reactors is not limited as long as the total reactance in a bridge arm reaches the corresponding requirement of the bridge arm.
- FIG. 3 shows two topological structural diagrams of the remaining sub-modules in the present invention, and the cost of the converter can be saved by using the remaining sub-modules instead of the sub-modules in the converter shown in FIG. 5.
- the remaining sub-modules include a turn-off device 1, 3 and an energy storage element C with anti-parallel diodes, wherein the turn-off device 1 and the diode 2 are connected in anti-parallel, and the turn-off device 3 and the diode 4 are connected in anti-parallel;
- a single controllable switching device such as a full control device such as IGBT, IGCT, MOSFET or GT0, as IGBT is taken as an example in the embodiments provided herein
- at least two A controllable switching device is constructed in series;
- the collector of the turn-off device 1 is connected to the emitter of the turn-off device 3, and the connection point serves as an end point of the sub-module 12.
- the emitter of the turn-off device 1 is connected via the energy storage element C to the collector of the turn-off device 3; the collector of the device 3 can be turned off as the terminal X2 of the sub-module 12.
- Figure 6 (b) is a sub-module 13 in which the collector of the turn-off device 3 is connected to the emitter of the turn-off device 1 and the connection point serves as the end point X2 of the sub-module 13, which can be turned off
- the emitter is connected via the energy storage element C to the collector of the turn-off device 3; the collector of the device 3 can be turned off as the terminal XI of the sub-module 12.
- Figure 7 is a preferred embodiment of the inverter of the present invention, wherein the remaining sub-module replaces one of the lower arms of the inverter shown in Figure 5 as a sub-module 13, which can be turned off due to reduced use.
- the number of devices can save the cost of the converter.
- the replaced inverter should include at least one sub-module provided by the present invention, and the remaining sub-modules can be used to replace any position in the converter shown in FIG. 5 and any number of the present invention. Module.
- the present invention also provides a control method for an inverter, which realizes control of the inverter by controlling the working state of each sub-module in the inverter, and the following is respectively FIG. 1 of the present invention.
- the sub-modules 10, 11 provided in FIG. 2 are taken as an example to illustrate the control content of the control method.
- the converter control method formed by the sub-modules 10', 11' of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is similar to this, and will not be described again.
- the control sub-module 10 operates in three operating states: State 1: The device can be turned off 1, 5 is turned on, the device 3 can be turned off, and the energy storage device C is connected into the bridge arm through the diode 2 and the diode 6, as shown in FIG.
- the diode 2 and the diode 6 are turned on, and the energy storage element C is serially connected into the bridge arm through the terminals XI and X2, and the output voltage of the submodule 10 is stored.
- the voltage across the energy element C is shown in Figure 8(c); when the current flows from the terminal X2 to the terminal XI, the diode 7 and the diode 4 are turned on, and the energy storage element C is reversely connected into the bridge arm through the terminals XI and X2.
- the output voltage of the sub-module 10 is a negative voltage across the energy storage element C plus the voltage across the resistor.
- the fault current can be suppressed to finally make the fault current 0, and the series resistor R can be added to accelerate the decay speed of the fault current.
- the control sub-module 11 operates in three operating states: State 1: The device can be turned off 1, 5 is turned on, the device 3 can be turned off, and the energy storage device C is connected into the bridge arm through the diode 6 and the diode 2, as shown in FIG.
- (a), or energy storage component C is connected to the bridge arm through the switchable device 1, 5, see Figure 9 (d); the output voltage of sub-module 11 (ie, the voltage of terminal XI relative to the end point X2) is the energy storage component Voltage across C; State 2: Can turn off device 3, 5 turn-on, turn off device 1 turn-off, current can pass through diode 6 and turn-off device 3 (see Figure 9 (b)) or diode 4 and can be off The device 5 (see Figure 9(e)) is circulated, the energy storage device C is bypassed, and the output voltage of the sub-module 11 is 0.
- the devices 1, 3, and 5 can be turned off, when the current is terminated by the terminal When XI flows to the end point X2, the diode 6 and the diode 2 are turned on, and the energy storage element C is serially connected into the bridge arm through the terminals XI and X2.
- the output voltage of the sub-module 11 is the voltage across the energy storage element C, as shown in Fig. 9 (c When the current flows from the terminal X2 to the terminal XI, the diode 4 and the diode 7 are turned on, and are stored. C element through the reverse end XI and X2 into a string bridge arm, see FIG.
- the output voltage of the sub-module 11 is the voltage on the negative voltage is applied to the resistance across the energy storage element C. Since the submodule operates in state 3, the output voltage of the submodule 11 is opposite to the current flowing in the submodule 11, and the fault current can be suppressed to finally make the fault current 0, and the series resistor R can be added to accelerate the decay speed of the fault current.
- all submodules 10 or 11 in the inverter and the remaining submodules 12, 13 that may be configured are operated in state 3 by blocking the inverter, which can suppress the bridge arm when the fault occurs.
- the current eventually reduces the faulty bridge arm current to zero, making it impossible for the AC network to provide fault current to the fault point.
- the two-terminal or multi-terminal DC system composed of the inverter does not need to be equipped with a DC circuit breaker and can also have a good ability to clear the DC side fault.
- the present invention also provides a protection unit.
- the protection unit can be used in the submodule provided by the present invention, and can also be used for protection of other types of sub-modules such as full bridges and half bridges.
- the protection unit can be constructed in four configurations. As shown in FIG. 10, (a) is a protection unit composed of a single thyristor, (b) is a protection unit composed of a single fast switch, and (c) is a protection unit composed of a parallel structure of a thyristor and a fast switch. (d) A protection unit consisting of a parallel structure of anti-parallel thyristors and fast switches.
- (a) is a protection unit 21 composed of a single thyristor, the cathode of the thyristor serves as the end point X3 of the protection unit 21, and the anode of the thyristor serves as the end point X4 of the protection unit 21, which can quickly conduct the shunt to protect the sub-module when the sub-module is overcurrent
- (b) is a protection unit 22 consisting of a single fast switch, one end of the fast switch acts as the end point X3 of the protection unit, and the other end of the fast switch acts as the end point X4 of the protection unit, which can be bypassed when the submodule fails If the faulty submodule has a redundant submodule in the bridge arm, the inverter can continue to operate;
- (c) is a protection unit 23 composed of a parallel structure of a thyristor and a fast switch, and the cathode of the thyristor serves as the end point X3 of the protection unit, The ano
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the connection mode of the protection unit 23 and the submodule 10.
- the endpoint X3 of the protection unit 23 is connected to the endpoint XI of the submodule 10
- the endpoint X4 of the protection unit 23 is connected to the endpoint X2 of the submodule 10.
- the protection unit 23 in Fig. 9 can be replaced by the protection unit 21, the protection unit 22 or the protection unit 24, which can be replaced by the sub-module 11.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2015152358A RU2674989C2 (ru) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-05-05 | Подмодуль, защитный блок, преобразователь и способ управления преобразователем |
DK14797222T DK2999103T3 (da) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-05-05 | Konverter og fremgangsmåde til styring deraf |
CA2912639A CA2912639C (en) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-05-05 | Submodule, protection unit, and converter and control method thereof |
ES14797222T ES2759518T3 (es) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-05-05 | Convertidor de potencia y método de control del mismo |
KR1020157035282A KR102021647B1 (ko) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-05-05 | 서브모듈, 보호 유닛, 컨버터 및 그 제어 방법 |
EP14797222.8A EP2999103B1 (en) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-05-05 | Converter and control method thereof |
US14/891,363 US20160126827A1 (en) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-05-05 | Sub-module, protection unit, converter, and control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201310179826.4 | 2013-05-15 | ||
CN201310179826.4A CN103280989B (zh) | 2013-05-15 | 2013-05-15 | 一种换流器及其控制方法 |
CNPCT/CN2013/090486 | 2013-12-26 | ||
PCT/CN2013/090486 WO2014183453A1 (zh) | 2013-05-15 | 2013-12-26 | 一种换流器及其控制方法 |
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WO2014183570A1 true WO2014183570A1 (zh) | 2014-11-20 |
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PCT/CN2013/090486 WO2014183453A1 (zh) | 2013-05-15 | 2013-12-26 | 一种换流器及其控制方法 |
PCT/CN2014/076781 WO2014183570A1 (zh) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-05-05 | 一种子模块、保护单元、换流器及其控制方法 |
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PCT/CN2013/090486 WO2014183453A1 (zh) | 2013-05-15 | 2013-12-26 | 一种换流器及其控制方法 |
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US (1) | US20160126827A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2999103B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102021647B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103280989B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2912639C (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2999103T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2759518T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2999103T (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2674989C2 (zh) |
WO (2) | WO2014183453A1 (zh) |
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WO2015098146A1 (ja) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
CN106030955B (zh) * | 2014-02-19 | 2019-12-17 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | 包括模块化多电平转换器的能量存储系统 |
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EP2999103B1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
CA2912639A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
PT2999103T (pt) | 2019-11-15 |
EP2999103A1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
KR102021647B1 (ko) | 2019-09-16 |
ES2759518T3 (es) | 2020-05-11 |
CN103280989A (zh) | 2013-09-04 |
KR20160026877A (ko) | 2016-03-09 |
CA2912639C (en) | 2020-06-30 |
US20160126827A1 (en) | 2016-05-05 |
CN103280989B (zh) | 2017-02-08 |
EP2999103A4 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
RU2015152358A3 (zh) | 2018-05-23 |
DK2999103T3 (da) | 2019-11-04 |
RU2674989C2 (ru) | 2018-12-14 |
RU2015152358A (ru) | 2017-06-20 |
WO2014183453A1 (zh) | 2014-11-20 |
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