WO2014178533A1 - 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물 - Google Patents
은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014178533A1 WO2014178533A1 PCT/KR2014/002380 KR2014002380W WO2014178533A1 WO 2014178533 A1 WO2014178533 A1 WO 2014178533A1 KR 2014002380 W KR2014002380 W KR 2014002380W WO 2014178533 A1 WO2014178533 A1 WO 2014178533A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/26—Cellulose ethers
- C08L1/28—Alkyl ethers
- C08L1/284—Alkyl ethers with hydroxylated hydrocarbon radicals
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/28—Nitrogen-containing compounds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/26—Cellulose ethers
- C08L1/28—Alkyl ethers
- C08L1/286—Alkyl ethers substituted with acid radicals, e.g. carboxymethyl cellulose [CMC]
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L39/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L39/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as ring member
- C08L39/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
- C08L5/02—Dextran; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
- C08L5/08—Chitin; Chondroitin sulfate; Hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
- C08L5/12—Agar or agar-agar, i.e. mixture of agarose and agaropectin; Derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/02—Preparation of spinning solutions
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrospinning solution composition for preparing silver nanofibers which can maintain a viscosity suitable for electrospinning to improve the quality of silver nanofibers.
- Nanotechnology is a technology that characterizes and controls material properties at the nanometer level, and physically or chemically controls materials at the atomic molecule level to express useful structures and functions.
- devices using metal nanostructures can be used to make high-efficiency electronic, optical, optoelectronic, electronic devices, bio-active molecule detection devices or catalysts, which are difficult to realize in bulk devices made with conventional technologies. As a result, research on synthesis and properties has been actively conducted.
- nanofibers are very thin, less than one thousandth of conventional fibers, so that most of the fiber surfaces are in contact with air, and have very different characteristics from conventional fibers such as high specific surface area and flexibility.
- Nanofiber is a material that expresses high performance throughout the industry, and the application of nanomaterials such as filters using nonwoven fabrics, miniaturization of electronic devices, high functionalization, and biological tissues is increasing, and high performance is also being achieved in traditional industries such as machinery and chemical industries. The application of nanomaterials for these is increasing day by day.
- ultra-lightweight, explosion-proof protective clothing for example, environmental materials such as engine filters and next-generation clean room filters, IT-related materials such as secondary battery separators, electrode materials and sensor tips, and support for regenerative medicine ( Unlike bio-related materials such as scaffolds, it has been attracting attention as a material supporting the cutting edge industries such as IT, bio and environment.
- Nanofibers can be classified according to materials such as polymer nanofibers, carbon nanofibers, ceramic nanofibers, and metal nanofibers. In addition to electrospinning, nanofibers are manufactured by complex spinning, meltblowing, CVD, and biological methods.
- Korean Patent Publication No. 2010-0038979 discloses a metal precursor solution by mixing a platinum-containing metal precursor, a polymer compatible with the metal precursor, and a solvent while presenting a platinum-based nanofiber that can be usefully used as an optoelectronic device and a sensing device.
- a metal precursor solution by mixing a platinum-containing metal precursor, a polymer compatible with the metal precursor, and a solvent while presenting a platinum-based nanofiber that can be usefully used as an optoelectronic device and a sensing device.
- Korean Patent Publication No. 2011-0072805 discloses nanofibers having micropores having an average pore diameter of 0.1 to 20 nm and having a porosity of 0.01 to 10% per unit volume, wherein the nanofibers are subjected to heat treatment after electrospinning. It is disclosed that the preparation is carried out.
- Korean Patent Publication No. 2013-0030987 discloses manufacturing magnetic nanofibers through electrospinning, and discloses that fine grains can be controlled by oxidizing and deoxygenating nanofibers after electrospinning.
- the present inventors adopted an electrospinning process to produce silver nanofibers, wherein the viscosity of the spinning solution was a parameter affecting the quality of the silver nanofibers, and thus the surface was smoothed by using a specific viscosity modifier as the composition of the spinning solution.
- the present invention has been completed by demonstrating that high quality silver nanofibers can be produced.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a high quality electrospinning solution composition for producing silver nanofibers.
- the present invention comprises a silver precursor, a reducing agent, a viscosity control agent and a solvent for producing silver nanofibers through a spinning process,
- the viscosity modifier is composed of dextran, alginate, chitosan, guar gum, starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, xanthan gum, carboxy vinyl polymer, pectin, sodium alginate, and combinations thereof It provides an electrospinning solution composition for producing silver nanofibers, which is one selected from the group.
- Viscosity modifiers may be used in accordance with the present invention to maintain a viscosity suitable for spinning to improve the quality of the silver nanofibers.
- Example 1 is a scanning electron microscope image showing the silver nanofibers prepared in Example 1.
- Silver nanofibers through spinning is prepared by heat treatment after the reaction of the silver precursor and the reducing agent, in which the shrinkage or cracking occurs when the solvent and the fibrous polymer is removed during the heat treatment, the quality of the silver nanofibers is destroyed and the quality is degraded.
- the quality of silver nanofibers through the spinning process is influenced by various parameters, in particular by the viscosity of the spinning solution used to facilitate the fiberization. Therefore, the present invention proposes a spinning solution composition which can improve the quality of silver nanofibers.
- the composition for preparing silver nanofibers includes a silver precursor, a reducing agent, and a solvent. Particularly, in the present invention, a viscosity modifier is used so that fiberization can occur well.
- Viscosity modifiers that can be used include dextran, alginate, chitosan, guar gum, starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, xanthan gum, carboxy vinyl polymer, pectin, sodium alginate, and combinations thereof Select one species from the group consisting of.
- the spinning solution composition is prepared at a viscosity of 20 to 200,000 cP, preferably 110 to 200 cp.
- the spinning solution composition for producing silver nanofibers comprises a silver precursor, a reducing agent and a solvent.
- the silver precursor may be a nitride oxide, nitride, halide, alkoxide, cyanine, sulfide, amide, cyanide, hydride, peroxide, porphine, hydrate, hydroxide, or esterate.
- silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ), silver nitrite (AgNO 2 ), silver acetate (CH 3 COOAg), silver lactic acid (CH 3 CH (OH) COOAg), silver citrate hydrate (AgO 2 CCH 2 C (OH) ( CO 2 Ag) CH 2 CO 2 Ag.xH 2 O) may be used.
- silver nitrate was used as a precursor to prepare silver nanofibers.
- a silver precursor is used to reduce silver, hydrazine, potassium borohydride, sodium borohydride, potassium hydroquinonemonosulfonate, hydroxyamine, sodium
- a silver precursor is used to reduce silver, hydrazine, potassium borohydride, sodium borohydride, potassium hydroquinonemonosulfonate, hydroxyamine, sodium
- pyrophosphate sorbitol
- pyrocatechol pyrocatechol
- catechol catechol
- the reducing agent is used in an amount of 0.01 to 10.0 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silver precursor. If the content is less than the above range, the reduction of silver is not sufficiently achieved, and the yield is lowered. On the contrary, if the content exceeds the above range, the excessive use of the reducing agent only increases the cost, and there is no significant effect on the reducing action.
- the solvent usable in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the silver precursor and the viscosity modifier, and a polar or nonpolar solvent can be used.
- a polar or nonpolar solvent can be used.
- Specific examples include water, ethanol, isopropanol, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), gamma butyrolactone, and N-methylpi
- the content of the solvent is such that the concentration of the spinning solution is in the range of 0.1 to 40% by weight. If the concentration is less than the above range, the process time is long, and if it exceeds the above range, there is a risk of clogging the nozzle.
- additives such as capping agents, dispersants, surfactants, and antioxidants may be used.
- the capping agent is selectively adsorbed on the specific wavefront of the crystals and serves to inhibit the growth of crystals on the surface, resulting in the production of silver nanofibers having a high aspect ratio, preventing aggregation between the nanofibers and preventing surface oxidation.
- the capping agent may use a compound having an amine group or a carboxyl group.
- a polymer capping agent is used as a material for imparting a viscosity to a spinning solution during electrospinning and forming a fibrous phase during spinning.
- the polymer capping agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylacetate (PVAc) polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ), Polyamide (PA), polyacrylamide (PAA), polyurethane (PU), poly (etherimide) (PEI), polybenzimidazole (PBI), and a combination thereof. do.
- PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
- PEO polyethylene oxide
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVDF polyvinylacetate
- PAc polyacrylonitrile
- PA Polyamide
- PAA polyacrylamide
- PU polyurethane
- PEI poly (etherimide)
- PBI polybenzimidazole
- polyvinylpyrrolidone was used.
- the polymer capping agent uses a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 to 2,000,000.
- the capping agent is used in an amount of 1 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silver precursor. If the content of the capping agent is excessively used, silver nanofibers may not be formed well after heat treatment.
- the spinning solution composition according to the present invention may produce silver nanofibers through a spinning process and a heat treatment.
- the spinning process is not particularly limited in the present invention, the electrospinning process as known in the art, and produces a very fine fiber having a diameter of 10 to 1000nm, preferably 50 to 500nm, more preferably 100 to 300nm.
- the ultrafine fibers are heat treated at 100 to 500 ° C. to produce silver nanofibers.
- Silver nanofibers prepared through the above steps have a diameter of 50 to 200 nm and an aspect ratio of 100 to 1000, and have a relatively large aspect ratio.
- the silver nanofibers prepared above may be applied to various fields, and may be applied to various fields such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, membranes, filters, cells, chemistry, and biosensors.
- the spinning solution was prepared by adding nitrate, hydrazine, a viscosity modifier and a capping agent to a mixed solvent (distilled water / ethanol, 4 mL / 6 mL) according to the composition of Table 1 below.
- the spinning solution was injected into the spinneret and placed in a syringe pump and fixed at a flow rate of 0.005 ml / h.
- the collector and the spinneret were positioned vertically, and the collector was designed and prepared as a conductive metal electrode to obtain oriented ultrafine fibers.
- the distance between the spinneret and the collector was fixed at 15 cm, and a voltage of 12 kV was applied to prepare ultra-fine nanofibers (diameter: 200-350 nm).
- the primary heat treatment to put the ultra-fine nanofibers into the furnace and to raise at a rate of 1 °C / min to 100 °C under a reducing atmosphere (N 2 / H 2 , 80% by volume / 20% by volume), maintained for 1 hour, After raising to 200 ° C. at a rate of 1 ° C./min, a second heat treatment was performed for 30 minutes, and a third heat treatment was maintained at 300 ° C. at a rate of 1 ° C./min, and then maintained for 3 hours.
- a reducing atmosphere N 2 / H 2 , 80% by volume / 20% by volume
- the silver nanofibers prepared according to the compositions of Examples and Comparative Examples were measured by a scanning electron microscope to confirm the diameter and quality, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
- Example 1 Example 2
- Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 diameter 100-150 nm 100-150 nm 100-150 nm 120 to 150 nm 50-250 nm 200-400 nm 100-200 nm quality Good Good Good Good Bad Bad Good Good
- the silver nanofibers prepared in Examples 1 to 4 according to the present invention had a diameter of 100 to 200 nm and confirmed that the surface of the fiber was smooth.
- Example 1 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM, x5,000) observation photograph of the silver nanofibers prepared in Example 1. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that silver nanofibers having a fiber diameter of 100 to 150 nm are formed.
- the silver nanofiber of Comparative Example 1 had a low viscosity due to its low viscosity, but the thickness thereof was not constant.
- the thickness of the silver nanofiber became thick due to the high viscosity and the surface was uneven. It was confirmed.
Abstract
Description
함량 | 실시예 1 | 실시예 2 | 실시예 3 | 실시예 4 | 비교예 1 | 비교예 2 | 비교예 3 | |
은 전구체 | 질산은염 | 3.0g | 3.0g | 3.0g | 3.0g | 3.0g | 3.0g | 3.0g |
환원제 | 히드라진 | 0.05g | 0.05g | 0.05g | 0.05g | 0.05g | 0.05g | 0.05g |
용매 | 에탄올/물 | 10mL | 10mL | 10mL | 10mL | 10mL | 10mL | 10mL |
점도 조절제 | 덱스트란 | 0.5g | - | - | - | 0.01g | 3.0g | - |
구아검 | - | 0.5g | - | - | - | - | - | |
하이드록시 에틸 셀룰로오스 | - | - | 0.5g | - | - | - | - | |
폴리아크릴산 | - | - | - | 0.5g | - | - | - | |
캐핑제 | PVP (MW=300,000) | - | - | - | 0.1g | - | - | - |
PVP (MW=1,300,000) | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.5g | |
점도(cP) | 130 | 125 | 130 | 137 | 100 | 300 | 130 |
실시예 1 | 실시예 2 | 실시예 3 | 실시예 4 | 비교예 1 | 비교예 2 | 비교예 3 | |
직경 | 100∼150nm | 100∼150nm | 100∼150nm | 120∼150nm | 50∼250nm | 200∼400nm | 100∼200nm |
품질 | 양호 | 양호 | 양호 | 양호 | 불량 | 불량 | 양호 |
Claims (9)
- 방사 공정을 통해 은 나노 섬유를 제조하기 위해 은 전구체, 환원제, 점도 조절제 및 용매를 포함하고,상기 점도 조절제가 덱스트란, 알긴산염, 키토산, 구아검, 전분, 카르복시메틸 셀룰로오스, 하이드록시 에틸 셀룰로오스, 하이드록시프로필 메틸 셀룰로오스, 잔탄검, 카르복시 비닐 폴리머, 펙틴, 알긴산 나트륨, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종인 것을 특징으로 하는 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 점도 조절제는 전체 조성물 내에서 1.0∼10 중량%로 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 은 전구체는 질산은(AgNO3), 아질산은(AgNO2), 아세트산은(CH3COOAg), 락트산은(CH3CH(OH)COOAg), 시트르산은 수화물(AgO2CCH2C(OH)(CO2Ag)CH2CO2AgㆍxH2O), 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 환원제는 하이드라진, 포타슘 보로하이드라이드(potassium borohydride), 소듐 보로하이드라이드(sodium borohydride), 포타슘 하이드로퀴논모노술폰네이트(potassium hydroquinonemonosulfonate), 하이드록시아민, 소듐 피로포스페이트, 소비톨, 피로카테콜, 카테콜, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 용매는 물, 에탄올, 아이소프로판올, N,N-디메틸포름아미드(DMF), 디메틸아세트아미드(DMAc), 테트라하이드로퓨란(THF), 디메틸설폭사이드(DMSO), 감마부티로락톤, N-메틸피롤리돈, 클로로포름, 톨루엔, 아세톤, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물은 농도가 0.1 내지 40 중량% 범위를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물은 점도가 20 내지 200,000 cP인 것을 특징으로 하는 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 추가로 상기 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물은 캐핑제, 분산제, 계면활성제, 항산화제 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 캐핑제는 폴리비닐피롤리돈(PVP), 폴리에틸렌옥사이드(PEO), 폴리비닐알코올(PVA), 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드(PVDF), 폴리비닐아세테이트(PVAc) 폴리아크릴로니트릴(PAN), 폴리아미드(PA), 폴리아크릴아미드(PAA), 폴리우레탄(PU), 폴리(에테르이미드)(PEI), 폴리벤즈이미다졸(PBI), 세틸트리메틸암모늄브로마이드(CTAB), 세틸트리메틸암모늄클로라이드(CTAC), 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 은 나노 섬유 제조용 전기방사 용액 조성물.
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CN105189839A (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
KR20140128582A (ko) | 2014-11-06 |
KR101494160B1 (ko) | 2015-02-17 |
US20160068654A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
CN105189839B (zh) | 2017-12-12 |
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