WO2014173909A1

WO2014173909A1 - Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: WO2014173909A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/058155
Authority: WO
Inventors: Franco Ghiani
Original assignee: MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG
Priority date: 2013-04-25
Filing date: 2014-04-22
Publication date: 2014-10-30
Also published as: DE102014207511A1; DE102014204272A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1, 21, 61, 81) having a housing section, said housing section being formed by a tube bottom (2, 22, 62, 82) and a box-like region (3, 23, 63, 83), wherein said box-like region (3, 23, 63, 83) has a base region (15, 20, 41, 42, 43) and said tube bottom (2, 22, 62, 82) has an upright edge region (5, 25, 65 85) around at least some of the perimeter, wherein the base region (15, 20, 41, 42, 43) can be placed into a receiving region (4, 24, 36, 64, 84) of the tube bottom (2, 22, 62, 82) along an insertion direction (12), wherein the base region (15, 20, 41, 42, 43) has elements (7, 27, 67, 87) which project from the base region (15, 20, 41, 42, 43) in a direction transverse to the insertion direction (12), wherein the upright edge region (5, 25, 65, 85) has openings (6, 26, 66, 86) which pierce through the upright edge region (5, 25, 65, 85) in a direction transverse to the insertion direction (12), and wherein the projecting elements (7, 27, 67, 87) can be guided through the openings (6, 26, 66, 86).

Description

Heat exchanger

Beschraibuna technical area

The invention relates to a heat exchanger having a housing section, wherein the housing section is formed from a tube bottom and a box-like region, wherein the box-like region has a foot region and the tube bottom has an at least partially surrounding raised edge region, wherein the foot region is in a receiving region of the tube plate can be used along an insertion direction,

Stand, the Technjjs

Heat exchangers are regularly formed in several parts. In particular, the so-called collection box, in which a fluid can be divided into a plurality of flow paths or the fluid can be merged from a plurality of flow paths, formed in several parts, the collecting boxes can have a tube bottom, which has openings. In this openings, for example, fluid line pipes can be integrated, which form the flow paths, this tube sheet can be connected to a cover which forms above the tube plate a volume which can be traversed by the fluid,

i In order to achieve the simplest possible connection between the tubesheet and the box-like lid, different solutions are known in the prior art.

Among other things, heat exchangers are known, which have a so-called corrugated-slot crimping ung to connect the tube sheet with the box-like lid. Also, screw elements and / or castle battlements and / or rivet elements are known for this purpose.

A disadvantage of the connection method between the tubesheet and the box-like cover is, in particular, that the processing effort for producing a fluid-tight connection is very high. Also, the connection means are designed such that in part no non-destructive separation of the connected elements can be achieved. It can also happen that the connection causes a weakening of the structure of the tubesheet and / or the box-like lid, which limits the durability of the heat exchanger.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION, OBJECT AND SOLUTION Vwjeje It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a heat exchanger which allows an improved connection between a tube plate and a box-like region. At the same time, the heat exchanger thus produced should be more stable and longer lasting. The object is achieved by a heat exchanger with the features of the claim

1 solved.

An embodiment of the invention relates to a heat exchanger having a housing section, wherein the housing section is formed from a tube plate and a box-tenartigen area, wherein the box-like area has a foot area and the tube plate an at least partially encircling set up Wherein the foot portion is insertable into a receiving area of the tube sheet along an insertion direction, the foot portion having elements projecting from the foot area in a direction transverse to the insertion direction, the erected edge portion having openings which open the erected edge area in a direction transverse to Pierce insertion direction, wherein the projecting elements can be passed through the openings.

The provision of projecting elements on the foot region, which can reach through the openings in the erected edge region of the tubesheet, is particularly advantageous, since a secure and at the same time cost-effective connection can thus be created. The connection via interlocking elements is also advantageous because it represents a particularly pressure-resistant connection, which can better withstand the increasing internal pressures in the heat exchangers. The insertion direction, in which the foot region is inserted into the receiving region, is regularly referred to as surface normal on the plane of the tube plate, which has the openings for the tubes of the heat exchanger. The foot area is thus inserted in a rectilinear movement from above into the D-shaped receiving area. The elements protrude in a direction transverse to this direction of insertion to provide better engagement with the tubesheet. Alternatively, the elements can protrude from the foot area even at an angle other than 90 ° to the direction of insertion. The elements preferably protrude from the outwardly directed surfaces of the foot region.

The box-like region can be both a cover element, which together with the tubesheet forms a collection box which serves to divide a fluid flow over a plurality of flow paths or to bring together a plurality of fluid flows from different flow paths. Alternatively, the box-like region may be a housing section which, together with the tubesheet, forms a volume which can be flowed through. In this volume, for example, a heat exchanger block can be arranged. This is the case, for example, with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. It is also advantageous if at least some of the protruding from the foot area

Elements have a projection through which the established edge region is engaged behind. A projection, which is guided with the projecting element through the opening of the tubesheet and finally engages behind this is advantageous in order to achieve a fixation of the tube bottom relative to the foot region of the box-like area. The projections serve as a securing element and prevent unintentional release of the foot area of the tube sheet. In addition, the unintentional release is prevented by the fact that the foot area is inserted precisely into the receiving area of the tube plate and in all four directions, which are transverse to the insertion direction, supported against the inner surfaces of the receiving area.

A preferred embodiment is characterized in that the erected edge region forms a circumferential U-shaped receiving region with the tubesheet in cross-section, wherein the raised edge region forms the outwardly directed leg of the U-shaped receiving region, the receiving region is preferably dimensioned such that the Foot area fits exactly into the receiving area can be used. The smaller the clearance between tube bottom and foot area, the higher the tightness of the connection and the higher the mechanical load capacity of the connection.

It is also preferable if the erected edge region is resiliently bendable with respect to the base and / or with respect to the second leg of the U-shaped receiving region. By inserting the foot region and in particular by the projecting elements of the erected edge region is deflected outwards, whereby the opening angle of the U-shaped edge region is increased. As a result, the insertion of the foot region is facilitated or even made possible. After the protruding elements engage in the openings, the set-up edge region springs back into its starting position and bears against the foot region of the box-like region. Moreover, it is advantageous if the protruding elements of the foot region can be latched in the openings of the erected edge region. By a Verras-, so blocking the elements within the openings, the connection can be stabilized. For example, blockage of the elements may be created by biasing the connection. This can be achieved, for example, by a force-storing element counteracting the insertion direction.

It is also advantageous if the openings in the erected edge region are round and / or slot-like and / or lenticular and / or kidney-shaped. The openings are preferably shaped such that only the smallest possible

Damage to the mechanical integrity of the tube sheet is caused, in particular sharp edges here generate notch effects, which can lead to damage to the tube sheet. It is also expedient if the projecting elements of the foot region can be inserted precisely into the openings. By a tight fit, the strength of the compound is further increased addition, the stability of the heat exchanger is improved because only a small relative movement between the foot and the tube sheet soil can arise.

Moreover, it is advantageous if in the receiving area of the tube plate and / or on the foot area a sealing element on or can be placed on and / or can be sprayed. The sealing element can be inserted in particular in the receiving area. This is advantageous because the sealing element is fixed there during the assembly process. Also, the sealing element may be molded in an advantageous embodiment of the receiving area and / or the foot area. This is advantageous because the number of required components is reduced. The production is also simplified since the sealing element can already be arranged in the base area or in the receiving area in a common production process. In a sprayed sealing element, the risk of leakage is reduced, because the vulcanization of the sealing element on the foot area or on the box foot. he follows,

Furthermore, it is expedient _» if the receiving area of the tube bottom can be glued to the foot area. By means of additional connection measures, the connection between the tubesheet and the foot region can be improved overall.

It is also advantageous if by the Venrasten the foot area in the receiving area, a bias on the sealing element can be generated. A bias on the sealing element is particularly advantageous to increase the sealing effect. Here, the foot portion is preferably dimensioned such that at the top it is supported in endmontierter position with the protruding elements with respect to the opening edges of the apertures and downwardly relative to the sealing member allows the sealing member along the inserting direction is com- pressed and transversely extended to the insertion _" whereby the contact surface of the sealing element with respect to the inner surfaces of the receiving area and the receiving area facing surfaces of the foot area is increased.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the box-like region together with the tubesheet forms a housing, wherein in the housing a heat exchanger block of tubes and / or heat transfer elements is arranged, wherein the heat exchanger block is flowed through by a first fluid and / or by a second Fluid within the housing is flowed around.

This is particularly advantageous when a heat exchanger is to be provided, in which preferably two fluids are to be brought into heat exchange with each other. Preferably, these are two liquid media, wherein one of the media ^' is flowable through a arranged in the housing heat exchanger block and the heat exchanger block with the second of the media is flowed around. It is also preferable if the foot region has an extension running parallel to the direction of insertion. As a result, the foot region in cross section has an L-shaped form, wherein a sealing element inserted into the receiving region of the tube plate can be supported relative to the outer surfaces formed by the L-shaped form.

In an alternative embodiment of the foot region can form a U-shaped receiving area _"which is open in the direction of the receiving area of the tube plate. Here, a sealing element can be used in particular in the U-shaped receiving region of the foot region, whereby an advantageous fixation of the sealing element is achieved and at the same time the sealing effect is increased.

Advantageous developments of the present invention are described in the subclaims and in the following description of the figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following, the invention is explained in detail by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the drawings show:

1 is a partial perspective view of a heat exchanger with a compound according to the invention between the tubesheet and the box-like area,

Fig. 2 shows three sectional views showing successively from left to right the assembly process of the foot area in the tube sheet, Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the connection area between

Tube bottom and foot area, whereby the foot area of the box gen region an additional extension auteist _» which runs along the insertion direction,

4 is a sectional view through a shell and tube heat exchanger, wherein the tube sheet with the box-like region forms a housing in which a heat exchanger block is arranged,

5 shows a view of the connecting parts between the tubesheet and the foot region of a tube bundle heat exchanger according to FIG. 4, FIG.

6 shows a view of the connection point according to FIG. 5, wherein the tubesheet is connected to the foot region, FIG.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view through the connecting portion of a heat exchanger according to FIG. 3, wherein the foot portion is a U-shaped

Receiving area forms, in which a sealing element is inserted,

8 shows a further sectional view according to FIG. 7, wherein the foot region has a flattened, blunt contact surface with respect to the inserted sealing element, FIG.

9 shows a further alternative sectional view according to FIGS. 7 and 8, wherein the sealing element is injection-molded onto the foot region,

10 shows a further alternative sectional view according to FIGS. 7 to 9, wherein the foot region is longer and is glued to the tubesheet, FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of a heat exchanger, the foot region extending along the insertion means Has extension, which serves to fix the sealing element in the receiving area,

12 is a perspective view of a tube plate and a box-like area, wherein the elements are shown in a separate state, and

Fig. 13 is a view according to FIG. 12, wherein the foot portion of the box-like portion is inserted into the receiving area of the tube sheet.

Preferred embodiment of the invention Fig. 1 shows a view of a heat exchanger 1. In particular, a tube plate 2 is shown, in which a lid 3 is inserted. The tube sheet 2 has at its edge a raised edge region 5. This forms with a base 8 and the raised edge region 5 opposite leg 9 an egg-shaped receiving portion 4 from. In this U-shaped receiving portion 4 of the tube sheet 2, a sealing element 10 is inserted. The set up © edge region 5 further has a plurality of openings 6, which are spaced from each other.

The lid 3 has a downwardly extending foot portion 15 _'having a plurality of projecting elements. 7 The cover 3 is in Fig. 1 in particular before »top down in the receiving area 4 can be used. The elements 7 protrude in particular in a direction transverse to the direction of insertion of the lid 3. In Fig. 1, a heat exchanger 1 is shown in a state in which the foot portion 15 is fully inserted into the receiving area 4. The towering Elements 7 penetrate the openings 6, whereby a total of a latching between the tube sheet 2 and the cover 3 is generated.

The foot region 15 is supported within the receiving region 4 with respect to the inside of the erected edge region 5 and the inner side of the leg 9 opposite this side.

2 shows from left to right the assembly sequence of the lid 3 in the tube sheet 2. In the left area is shown how the erected edge region 5 is deflected due to the insertion of the lid 3 along the insertion direction 12 to the outside.

The deflection is mainly due to the protruding to the left elements 7, which together with the foot portion 15 of the lid 3 an excess compared to the formed receiving area 4 generated. By lowering the lid 3 along the insertion direction 12 thus the erected edge region 5 is displaced to the outside. The erected edge region 5 is in particular elastically bendable relative to the base 8 and the second leg 9 of the U-shaped receiving area 4. As can be seen in the left part of Fig. 2, the projecting element 7 is chamfered, in particular to facilitate the insertion of the lid 3. Likewise, the erected edge region 5 at its free end region on a bend, which forms an insertion bevel, which also facilitates the insertion of the lid 3.

Preferably, the tube sheet 2 has a U-shaped receiving area 4 completely circumferentially. Likewise, the cover 3 preferably has completely circumferentially along the foot region 15 protruding elements 7, which can engage in the corresponding openings 6 of the tube sheet 2. In the middle illustration of FIG. 2, the cover 3 is inserted so far that the protruding elements 7 can pierce the openings 8. In this case, the erected edge region 5 springs back into its original position and finally rests laterally against the foot region 15 of the lid 3. Furthermore, it can be seen in the middle figure _» that the insertion of the lid 3 caused a deformation of the thief element 10, whereby the sealing element 10 compresses in height and expands in width, whereby the U-shaped receiving area 4 of the thief 10 is filled or the contact surface of the sealing element 10 is increased in the receiving area 4. In the right-hand part of FIG. 2, an alternative illustration of the cover 3 is shown, wherein the foot region 15 of the cover 3 is made significantly narrower than in the preceding figures. To maintain the stability of the lid 3 rib members 14 may be provided, which are arranged on the outside of the lid 3. The erected edge region 5 can also come into contact with the rib elements 14.

Furthermore, it can be seen in particular in the right-hand part of FIG. 2 that the projecting elements 7 have at their upwardly directed ends a projection 11 which, in the mounted state, can engage behind the erected edge region 5. The projections 11 thus represent a mounting safeguard and prevent accidental release of the lid 3 from the tube sheet. 2

Furthermore, below the projecting elements 7, a shoulder 13 is shown, which comes to rest on the lower edge of the opening 6 and produces a further fixing of the cover 3 with respect to the receiving area 4.

3 shows a Schnittbiid by an alternative heat exchanger 21. The heat exchanger 21 also has a tube plate 22, which forms a U-shaped receiving portion 24. This is formed by the erected edge region 25, the base 28 and the leg 29 opposite the raised edge region 25. The lid 23 is formed in FIG. 3 by a box-like region 23, which forms a housing together with the tubesheet 22. This cover 23 also has protruding elements 27, which can be passed through the openings 26 in the erected edge region 25. Furthermore, the projecting elements 27 each have a projection 31, which serve as a safeguard against the tube sheet 22. In the receiving area 24, a sealing element 30 is inserted. This is fixed in contrast to the previous figures not between the established edge portion 25 and the legs 29, but between the established edge region 25 and an extension 37 of the foot portion 20 ^x of the lid 23. The foot portion 20 of the lid 23 is thus both in a direction parallel to the base 28 as well as in a direction parallel to the erected edge region 25 on the sealing element 30 at.

Within the housing formed by the tube sheet 22 and the cover 23, a heat exchanger block 33 is arranged.

Fig. 4 shows a sectional view through the heat exchanger 21. The tube sheet

22 receives on the one hand the lid 23 and on the other hand, a further lid 32, which is preferably soldered to the tube sheet 22. The heat exchanger 21 shown can be traversed both by a fluid along the tubes of the heat exchanger block 33 and by the volume which is formed between the heat exchanger block 33 and the lid 23 and the tubesheet 22. Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a shell and tube heat exchanger, as has already been shown in the preceding Figs. 3 and 4. It can be seen that the tube plate 22 has a circumferentially positioned edge region 25, in which a plurality of openings 26 is arranged. Furthermore, in the perspective view of the lid 32 is shown, which is preferably soldered to the tube sheet 22. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the lid 32 has two fluid connections 34, through which a fluid is introduced into the heat exchanger 21. can flow or can flow out of this, in the tube plate 22, the tubes of the heat exchanger block 33 are added.

The cover 23 has a foot region 20, which has laterally circumferentially arranged a plurality of projecting elements 27 which are insertable into the openings 26.

FIG. 6 shows a view of the heat exchanger 21 of FIG. 5 in the installed state. The projecting elements 27 pass through the openings 26, whereby the tubesheet 22 is fixed relative to the lid 23. Between the tubesheet 22 and the lid 23 is preferably, as already shown, a sealing element arranged, which allows a fluid-tight connection of the lid 23 with the tubesheet 22.

FIG. 7 shows a further alternative embodiment of the heat exchanger 21, as has already been shown in FIG. 3. The reference signs agree, as far as identical parts are shown, with those of FIG. 3 match. In contrast to FIG. 3, the foot region 43 of the cover 23 now likewise has a U-shaped receiving region 36. This is aligned in opposite directions to the U-shaped receiving portion 24 and serves to receive the sealing element 35. This is formed like a pin in cross-section and is firmly received between the two formed by the U-shaped receiving portion 36 flanks and continues to support the base 28 of the receiving area 24th from. By supporting the projecting elements 27 in the openings 26 and the sealing element 35 relative to the base 28, a fluid-tight seal between the tubesheet 22 and the lid 23 is generated as a whole.

FIG. 8 shows a further alternative arrangement of a sealing element 38. In the mounted state, this has an elliptical cross-section. The foot region 42 of the cover 23 is significantly shorter than the foot region 43 of FIG. 7 and in particular has a flat surface running parallel to the base 28, which in the assembled state is in surface contact with the sealing element. element 38 is. The support element 38 is thus in particular clamped between the foot region 42 running parallel to the base 28 and the base 2: 8. The seal 38 of FIG. 8 is prior to assembly in the receiving portion 24 of the lid

23 inserted. FIG. 9 shows a further alternative embodiment with a securing element 39. The sealing element 39 is injection-molded onto the foot region 42 of the cover 23 in advance of the assembly and thus embodied in one piece with the cover 23. The foot region 42 of the lid 23 is identical to the foot region 42 of FIG. 8. In an alternative embodiment, the sealing element can also be injected into the receiving area 24.

10 shows a further alternative embodiment with a sealing element 40. This sealing element 40 is preferably formed by an adhesive layer. This can either be applied to the foot region 41 of the cover 23 and / or to the receiving region 24. The foot region 41 is designed significantly longer than the foot region 42. Due to the longer design of the foot region 41, in particular the smaller thickness of the seal is compensated since the Sealing element 40 is formed substantially thinner than the previous sealing elements 38 and 39. In an alternative embodiment, in particular, the leg 29 may rest against the foot region 41, whereby a further seal can be produced in particular in a bonding. Furthermore, the sealing element, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, can be better protected from corrosive influences. 11 shows a perspective view of a heat exchanger 61. In particular, the lid 63 has a foot region 71 which forms an extension running along the direction of insertion. The sealing element in the receiving region 64 is thus held in particular between the region of the foot region 71 extending parallel to the base 68 and the extension of the foot region 71 running perpendicular to the base 68. The leg, against which the cover 63 is supported, is formed in the embodiment of FIG. 11 by a second element, which, however, is fixedly connected to the tube bottom 62. Likewise, a lid 70 is disposed below the tube plate 62, which is also fixedly connected to the tubesheet 62. The U-shaped receiving region 64 is thus formed in several parts in FIG. 11.

The erected edge region 65 also has openings 66 which can be penetrated by protruding elements 67 of the cover 63. As already indicated in individual preceding figures, a plurality of rib elements are arranged on the outwardly directed passage of the cover 63, which overall contribute to a thinner wall design of the cover. At the same time, the stability of the lid 63 is increased by the rib members.

FIG. 12 shows a further view of a heat exchanger 81. In particular, the floor 82 is shown, which revolves around four sections of the raised edge area 85. It can be seen at the joints between these individual sections that the erected edge region 85 is produced in each case from four individual edge sections of the tube bottom 82 by bending over. There remains a gap between the erected edge regions 85 of the individual sections.

The erected edge region 85 also has openings 86 into which the protruding elements 87 of the lid 83 can be inserted. In the illustration of FIG. 12, both the openings 86 and the protruding elements 87 are shown with a circular cross-section. In alternative embodiments, slot-like, ellipsoidal, lenticular or kidney-shaped shapes may in particular be provided for the projecting elements and the openings. Preferably, the openings and the protruding elements are matched to one another such that a play-free seat can be produced. This is particularly useful for sealing the heat exchanger 81. 12 shows an unmounted state of the Wirmeübertragers 81, FIG. 13 is a view of the heat exchanger 81 _'wherein the lid 83 completely into the tube sheet 82 and the recording area 84 is used. The openings 88 are penetrated by the projecting elements 87, whereby a latching of the lid 83 relative to the tube plate 82 is generated. As can be seen particularly clearly in the illustration of FIG. 13, the slot at the joint between the subsections of the erected edge region 85 is particularly useful in order to ensure sufficient deflection movement of the erected edge region 85 when the cover 83 is pushed in. Each of the subsections shown is individually bent resiliently outwardly from the cover 83 or the protruding elements 87,

The embodiments shown in the preceding figures serve to illustrate the inventive idea. They have no restrictive effect, in particular with regard to the materials used for the tubesheet and / or the lid. In particular, the closure principle can also be transferred to differently designed heat exchangers. The heat exchangers shown in FIGS. 1 to 13 are merely exemplary.

Claims

5 patent claims

1. Heat exchanger (1, 21, 61, 81) with one. Housing section, the housing section being formed from a tube sheet (2, 22, 82 _» 82) and a box-like area (3, 23, 63, 83), the box-like area (3, 23, 63,

I 0 83) has a foot area (15, 20, 41, 42, 43) and the tube sheet (2, 22,

62, 82) has an at least partially circumferential edge area (5, 25, 65, 85), the foot area (15, 20, 41, 42, 43) in a receiving area (4, 24, 38, 64, 84) of the tube sheet (2, 22, 62, 82) can be used along an insertion direction (12), characterized in that the foot

15 area (15, 20, 41, 42, 43) has elements (7, 27, 67, 87) which are in one

Projecting from the foot area (15, 20, 41, 42, 43) in a direction transverse to the insertion direction (12), the erected edge area (5, 25, 65, 85) having openings (6, 26, 66, 86) which are the erected Pierce the edge area (5, 25, 65, 85) in a direction transverse to the insertion direction (2), with the protruding ones

20 elements (7, 27, 67, 87) can be passed through the openings (6, 26, 66, 86).

2. Heat exchanger (1, 21) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least some of the elements (7, 7) projecting from the foot area (15, 20).

25 27) have a projection (1, 31) through which the set up

Edge area (5, 25) can be reached behind.

3. Heat exchanger (1, 21, 61, 81) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the erected edge region (5, 25, 65 85)

30 with the tube sheet (2, 22, 62, 82) forms a circumferential U-shaped receiving area (4, 24, 36, 64, 84) in cross section, with the erected edge area (5, 25, 65, 85) facing outwards directed leg of the U-shaped receiving area (4, 24, 36, 64, 84).

35 4. Heat exchanger (1, 21, 61, 81) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the erected edge area (5, 25, 65, 85) is resiliently bendable relative to the base (28, 68) and / or relative to the second leg (9, 29 _» 69) of the U-shaped receiving area (4, 24 _» 36, 64, 84).

5, heat exchanger (1, 21 _» 61, 81) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projecting elements {7, 27, 67, 87) of the

Foot area {15, 20, 41, 42, 43) can be locked in the openings (6, 26, 66, 86) of the erected edge area (5, 25, 65, 85),

6, heat exchanger (1, 21, 61, 81) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the openings {6, 26, 66, 86) in the erected edge area (5, 25, 65, 85) are round and / or are long hole-like and / or lens-shaped and / or kidney-shaped.

7. Heat exchanger (1, 21, 61, 81) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projecting elements {7, 27, 67, 87) of the

Foot area (15, 20, 41, 42, 43) can be inserted precisely into the openings (6, 26, 66, 86).

8. Heat exchanger (1, 21, 61, 81) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the receiving area (4, 24, 36, 64, 84) of the tube sheet (2, 22, 62, 82) and / or to the foot area (15, 20, 41, 42,

43) a sealing element (10, 30, 35, 38, 39) can be inserted or placed and/or sprayed on.

9. Heat exchanger (21) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving area (24) of the tube sheet (22) can be glued to the foot area (41).

10. Heat exchanger (1, 21, 61, 81) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by locking the foot area (15,

20, 41, 42, 43) in the receiving area (4, 24, 36, 64, 84) a preload on the sealing element (10, 30, 35, 38, 39) can be generated.

11. Heat exchanger (21) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in _that the box-like area (23) forms a housing together with the tube sheet (22), a heat exchanger block (33) made of tubes and / or heat transfer elements being arranged in the housing , wherein a first fluid can flow through the heat exchanger block (33) and/or a second fluid can flow around it within the housing.