WO2014173636A1 - Joint homocinétique à billes en forme de joint coulissant sans cage et procédé de fabrication d'une partie intérieure de joint - Google Patents

Joint homocinétique à billes en forme de joint coulissant sans cage et procédé de fabrication d'une partie intérieure de joint Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014173636A1
WO2014173636A1 PCT/EP2014/056423 EP2014056423W WO2014173636A1 WO 2014173636 A1 WO2014173636 A1 WO 2014173636A1 EP 2014056423 W EP2014056423 W EP 2014056423W WO 2014173636 A1 WO2014173636 A1 WO 2014173636A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ball
joint
tracks
webs
joint part
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/056423
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Orkan Eryilmaz
Thomas Weckerling
Anna Gremmelmaier
Wolfgang Hildebrandt
Robert Hafner
Volker Hainz
Matthias Henke
Uwe Weber
Werner Müller
Original Assignee
Gkn Driveline International Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gkn Driveline International Gmbh filed Critical Gkn Driveline International Gmbh
Publication of WO2014173636A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014173636A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/229—Prismatic coupling parts having each groove centre-line lying on planes parallel to the axis of the respective coupling part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/22306—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts having counter tracks, i.e. ball track surfaces which diverge in opposite directions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ball-and-cage joint in the form of a sliding joint without a cage and to a method for producing an inner joint part therefor.
  • Cageless ball constant velocity joints have been known for a long time.
  • the control forces that act on the balls starting from the respective ball tracks in the inner joint part and outer joint part must be adjusted so that the balls are sufficiently guided in all operating conditions.
  • the absence of the cage makes it easier and cheaper to produce the joint.
  • the design freedom in the design of the joint is greater because the movement of the balls in the individual track pairs is not coupled to each other (via the cage). The ball tracks can thus be largely independent of each other.
  • the ball constant velocity joint in the form of a (cage-free) sliding joint thus comprises at least:
  • an outer joint part having a connection side, an opening side and a cavity defined by a closed inner surface, and first outer ball tracks and second outer ball tracks alternately arranged in a circumferential direction and extending on the inner surface between the connection side and the opening side;
  • an inner joint part which is positioned in the cavity of the outer joint part and has connection means for receiving a shaft extending in the direction of the opening side of the outer joint part, as well as having on a outer surface, in a circumferential direction alternately arranged first inner ball tracks and second inner ball tracks, which by alternately arranged first webs and second webs are separated from each other, wherein the first webs are respectively provided first ball guide surfaces and on the second webs each second ball guide surfaces;
  • each one ball is arranged in each pair of webs
  • first inner ball tracks and the first outer ball tracks are inclined in the circumferential direction about a first inclination angle oppositely directed to the central axis and the second inner ball tracks and the second outer ball tracks extend in the circumferential direction about a second inclination angle oriented oppositely to the central axis; wherein the angles of inclination of the inner ball tracks to the central axis are in each case the same orientation (and likewise the angles of inclination of the outer ball tracks to the central axis are in each case oriented identically);
  • first inner ball tracks and the first outer ball tracks are inclined in a radial direction about a first tilt angle oriented oppositely to the center axis and second inner ball tracks and second outer ball tracks are inclined about a second tilt angle oriented opposite to the center axis; wherein the first tilt angles are opposite to the second tilt angles respectively oriented opposite to the central axis; and
  • first and second tilt angles and the first and second tilt angles each have an angular amount of 5 to 30 angular degrees, and wherein the first and second tilt angles of the first and second tilt angles are at most 10 angular degrees, more preferably at most 5 degrees and especially preferably by at most 2 degrees of angle, different from each other.
  • the ball tracking joint has in particular six, eight or ten pairs of tracks. However, eight pairs of tracks are preferred, since here cancel the axial forces between the balls and inner joint part and outer joint part each other.
  • the eight circumferentially alternately arranged ball tracks mean for the inner joint part in particular that each first ball tracks (or respectively second ball tracks) on the outer surface of the inner joint part (diametrically) are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the first (and correspondingly also the second) inner ball tracks are thus in the circumferential direction in particular) re arranged (a pitch angle of) 90 degrees offset from each other.
  • (only) half of the balls transmit torques in each direction of rotation of the joint.
  • the ball tracks are arranged alternately, so that the first and second track pairs alternate in the circumferential direction.
  • the ball constant velocity joint is a sliding joint, d. H.
  • the inner joint part is displaceable relative to the outer joint part in the axial direction.
  • the displacement is at least 3 mm [millimeters] in each direction starting from the position of the inner joint part and the outer joint part, in which the balls lie in the joint center plane.
  • the total displacement is thus at least 6 mm. In particular, the total displacement is at least 10 mm.
  • the inner ball tracks and outer ball tracks run straight, ie. H. the ball tracks have along their extension in each case constant angle of inclination and tilt angle.
  • the first and second tilt angles and the first and second tilt angles each have an angle of 10 to 20 angular degrees. It is very particularly preferable in each case to choose an angle of 14 to 16 degrees of angle.
  • first and second inclination angles are equal in amount.
  • first and second tilt angles are equal in amount.
  • the first inner ball tracks and the first outer ball tracks have, in a circumferential direction, a first angle of inclination oriented opposite to the central axis.
  • the first inclination angles are in particular equal to all amounts s.
  • these first inclination angles that is, the first inclination angle of the first inner ball track and the first inclination angle of the first outer ball track, by an amount up to a maximum of 5 degrees and preferably up to a maximum of 2 angular degrees are designed differently. This preferably applies equally to the second inclination angle.
  • the first inclination angles of the first inner ball tracks and the second inclination angles of the second inner ball tracks are pivoted in the same direction relative to the central axis, so that they extend substantially parallel to one another.
  • the first inner ball tracks and the first outer ball tracks have, in a radial direction, a first tilt angle oriented in each case opposite to the central axis.
  • the first tilt angle of the first inner ball tracks and the first tilt angle of the first outer ball track are in particular equal to all amounts s.
  • the first tilt angle of the first inner ball track and that of the first outer ball track preferably deviate from one another by an amount of at most 5 degrees of angle, preferably of at most 2 degrees of angle. The same applies in particular to the second tilt angle of the second inner ball track and the second outer ball track.
  • first tilt angle and the second tilt angle are each oriented opposite to the central axis. That is, first tilt angles of the first inner ball tracks are oriented opposite to second tilt angles of the second inner ball tracks opposite to the central axis, and this equally applies to the outer ball tracks.
  • first and second tilt angles of the first and second tilt angles are at most 10 angular degrees (5, or 2 angle degree) differ from each other, in particular of equal amounts of inclination angles and equal amount of tilt angles on inner and outer ball tracks of a pair of tracks is assumed. If these differ, the average value of the maximum four different angle amounts is assumed here. This means, in particular, that the individual angle amounts can differ by more than 10 angular degrees.
  • first pitch angle of second pitch angles by at least 5 degrees, in particular at least 10 degrees, preferably at least 20 Angular degree and more preferably at least 30 degrees different degrees.
  • a ball tracking joint with z. B. eight balls and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction ball tracks adjacent ball tracks are offset by (360 ° / 8) 45 degree angle to each other (with six balls 60 angle degree).
  • a difference of 30 angular degrees in this example means that a first pitch angle is 30 angular degrees and a second pitch angle 60 angular degrees, wherein in each case the same (first or second) ball tracks are still offset by 90 degrees.
  • the pitch angle is determined between two straight lines which intersect the center of the inner joint part (or corresponding to the outer joint part) and the respective ball center in adjacent ball tracks.
  • the balls lie in the joint center plane.
  • the first webs extend further outward from the central axis in the radial direction than the second webs. This applies in particular to the respective greatest extent of the first and the second webs in the radial direction.
  • an inner joint part is proposed, whose webs do not extend in the radial direction as far as a common diameter, but in which the first webs extend up to a larger diameter than the second webs.
  • the outer edges of the first webs are arranged in a first imaginary envelope ball, which is larger than a second imaginary envelope ball, in which the outer edges of the second webs are detected. In the circumferential direction of the ball constant velocity joint, a first (large) web and a second (smaller) web alternate.
  • first ball guide surfaces on the first webs starting from the central axis in the radial direction, extend farther outward than the second ball guide surfaces on the second webs.
  • the ball tracks are shaped so that they, viewed in the circumferential direction of the ball track, the balls further comprise radially outward.
  • torques, for each ball track at least in one direction of rotation better transmitted in the circumferential direction.
  • the webs, or arranged on these webs ball guide surfaces thus continue to extend radially outward, so that through the webs and through these ball guide surfaces a larger looping of the ball through the ball track, at least in each case a direction of rotation, and a better leadership of the ball can be ensured in the circumferential direction.
  • At least the first webs or the first ball guide surfaces each extend at least 10, preferably at least 15, of the smallest distance between the center axis and a ball track bottom radially outward than the second webs or the second ball guide surfaces.
  • both the first webs and the first ball guide surfaces are increased accordingly.
  • the location of the smallest distance of the ball track arranged between the webs / ball guide surfaces from the central axis is meant by ball track bottom.
  • first inner, second inner, first outer and second outer ball tracks are shaped such that, during operation of the ball tracking joint, each ball is guided through two or three (or four) contact points between ball and track pair. It is preferred that all balls of the joint form the same number of contact points with the associated track pair, in particular even with the respective inner / outer ball track. In particular, it is provided that each ball has one or two contact points in the single ball track. This is particularly influenced by the cross section of the ball track, which is for example circular or elliptical or gothic shaped. In particular with a circular cross-section of the ball track, it is possible for the ball to contact the ball track at only one (single) point.
  • both ball tracks of a track pair are shaped in this way, a guidance of the ball is realized by two contact points.
  • a guidance of the ball is realized by two contact points.
  • the ball contacts the ball track regularly at two points. If such a shaped ball track combined with a circular ball track, results in a leadership of the ball through three contact points. If both ball tracks are Gothic or elliptical in shape, the ball is guided through four contact points.
  • the advantage of guiding the balls through a small number of contact points is that so only small losses, eg.
  • the contact voltages introduced by the ball on the ball track (and vice versa) are very high.
  • the design of the eight-ball ball-and-socket joint is advantageous in particular because it provides a sufficient number of balls per direction of rotation of the joint in order to minimize the forces to be transmitted per ball even with a small number of contact points.
  • the ball constant velocity joint is in particular designed so that the balls are guided during operation of the ball joint joint exclusively by contact with the ball tracks in the pairs of tracks.
  • the ball constant velocity joint has no cage, so it is executed cageless.
  • a cageless ball constant velocity joint in particular with eight balls proposed, which has a compact size and at the same time a high life expectancy, with high load classes are achievable with this joint. This is achieved in particular by the fact that the ball tracks are inclined in each case by tilt and inclination angle.
  • the ball tracks are also designed to pivot about an orbital angle. This pivoting is made possible by raised on each side of the ball tracks webs. This results in the radial direction farther outwardly extending ball guide surfaces, so that the wrap and thus leadership of the balls is still granted during torque transmission and in the bent state of the joint. It is proposed here for the first time that such a constructed ball constant velocity joint is used without a cage, since the ball guide is now taken over exclusively by the specially shaped ball tracks.
  • This orbital angle can also be increased by the fact that ball tracks are each offset by different (first and second) s squaring angle to each other.
  • the inner joint part has, in particular, connecting means (for example a splined toothing), via which the inner joint part can be connected to a shaft.
  • the inner joint part is also executable in one piece with a shaft.
  • the cageless ball constant velocity joint allows large bending angles and is therefore suitable for numerous applications.
  • the maximum possible bending angle of such a ball constant velocity joint can be determined with the aid of the following equation:
  • Inclination angle and tilt angle have angle amounts of 5 to 30 degrees and differ from each other by at most 10 degrees. For a constant velocity ball joint with inclination angle 5 angle degree and tilt angle 5 angle degree, this results in a bending angle of 0 to 24 angle degree. For a constant velocity ball joint with angle of inclination 30 angle degree and tilt angle 30 angle degree, this results in a bending angle of 0 to 44 degrees.
  • the possible maximum displacement of the inner joint part relative to the outer joint part is restricted in particular by the increase in the number of balls and by larger amounts of the inclination angle and tilt angle.
  • a preferred embodiment of the ball-and-cage joint has 8 balls, wherein the tilt angle and the angle of inclination have angles of between 14 and 16 degrees of an angle.
  • the tilt angle and the angle of inclination have angles of between 14 and 16 degrees of an angle.
  • the present invention further relates to a method for producing an inner joint part for a ball-and-cage joint, wherein the inner joint part which can be used in particular in the ball-and-cage joint according to the invention has first inner ball tracks and second inner ball tracks which extend on an outer surface and are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction Webs and second webs are separated.
  • first ball guide surfaces are provided on the first webs and second ball guide surfaces are provided on the second webs.
  • the first lands extend further outwardly from the central axis in a radial direction than the second lands.
  • the inner joint part is made of a cuboid starting material by machining.
  • the cuboid starting material is produced by a forging process or a rolling process.
  • the shape of a cuboid is not necessarily to be understood here as meaning that all edge lengths of the starting material must be of the same length and / or all side surfaces must be aligned exactly parallel / at right angles to one another. Rather, the cuboid starting material (in particular for a production of an eight-ball constant-velocity joint) should have a quadrangular cross-section, in particular in the manner of a square.
  • this inner joint part can be used in cageless ball constant velocity joints according to the invention. These can in particular replace ball-and-socket joints in VL design.
  • the inner joint parts of VL ball-and-socket joints used for this purpose are regularly produced from cylindrical starting material.
  • the inner joint part proposed according to the invention it is possible to save correspondingly 5-10 parts by weight of starting material for a ball tracking joint of the same load class (for the same load case).
  • the method has at least the following steps:
  • the parallelepipedal starting material (for example in the manner of a bar or strand) be cut to length. This is to be carried out in particular when the material has been formed by rolling into a cuboidal starting material.
  • the machining includes z. B. a turning process and / or a milling process. Also, grinding processes and / or mocking processes can be used here alternatively or cumulatively.
  • a motor vehicle which has at least one ball constant velocity joint according to the invention. This is provided in particular for connecting and transmitting torques from a drive unit to the wheels of a motor vehicle. This is done either in combination with a longitudinal shaft or arranged transversely to the vehicle axle shafts, so side waves.
  • FIGS. show particularly preferred embodiments, to which the invention is not limited.
  • the figures and in particular the magnitudes shown are only schematically.
  • like reference numerals designate like objects. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 an inner joint part of a ball tracking joint
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the inner joint part according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a further section through the inner joint part according to FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 5 an outer joint part of the ball tracking joint
  • FIG. 7 shows a further section through the outer joint part
  • FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the outer joint part according to FIG. 5; 10: the ball constant velocity joint in a perspective view;
  • FIG. 11 shows the ball constant velocity joint according to FIG. 10 in a plan view
  • FIG. 12 shows a section through the ball constant velocity joint according to FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 13 shows another section;
  • FIG. 14 shows a third section through the ball constant velocity joint according to FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 14 shows a third section through the ball constant velocity joint according to FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 15 shows a section along the first inner ball track according to FIG. 16;
  • Fig. 16 shows the inner joint part in a perspective view
  • Fig. 17 is another view of the section taken along the first inner ball track
  • FIG. 18 shows a section along the second inner ball track of the inner joint part according to FIG. 19;
  • FIG. 19 shows a further inner joint part in a perspective view
  • Fig. 20 is another view of the section taken along the second inner ball track
  • FIG. 21 shows a section along first outer ball tracks of an outer joint part
  • FIG. 22 shows an outer joint part in a perspective view
  • FIG. 23 is another view of the section along first outer ball tracks;
  • FIG. 24 an outer joint part in section to show the second outer ball track;
  • FIG. Fig. 25 an outer joint part in a perspective view;
  • FIG. 26 shows a further section to show the second outer ball track
  • FIG. 27 shows a starting material according to step a) of the method in a plan view
  • FIG. 28 the starting material according to step a) in a section
  • Fig. 29 a cut starting material
  • FIG. 30 an inner joint part according to step b) of the method
  • FIG. 31 an inner joint part according to step b) of the method
  • FIG. FIG. 32 an inner joint part according to step c) of the method
  • FIG. 33 an inner joint part according to step d) of the method
  • FIG. 34 a starting material according to step a) of the method
  • FIG. 35 shows a section through the starting material according to FIG. 34;
  • FIG. 36 shows the inner joint part after step d) of the method
  • FIG. Fig. 37 the ball constant velocity joint in the bent state in section
  • FIG. 38 an inner joint part with the same pitch angles according to FIG. 39 in section
  • FIG. 36 shows the inner joint part after step d) of the method
  • FIG. Fig. 37 the ball constant velocity joint in the bent state in section
  • FIG. 38 an inner joint part with the same pitch angles according to FIG. 39 in section
  • FIG. 39 the inner joint part according to FIG. 38 in a side view
  • FIG. 40 shows the inner joint part according to FIG. 39 in a perspective view
  • FIG. 41 shows another joint inner part with equal pitch angles according to FIG.
  • FIG. 42 shows the further inner joint part according to FIG. 41 in a side view
  • FIG. 43 the inner joint part according to FIG. 42 in a perspective view
  • FIG. FIG. 44 an inner joint part with unequal pitch angles according to FIG. 45 in FIG
  • FIG. 45 the inner joint part according to FIG. 44 in a side view
  • FIG. FIG. 46 shows the inner joint part according to FIG. 45 in a perspective view
  • Fig. 47 a further inner joint part with unequal pitch angles according to
  • FIG. 48 shows the inner joint part according to FIG. 47 in a side view
  • FIG. 49 the inner joint part according to FIG. 48 in a perspective view
  • Fig. 50 a motor vehicle.
  • Fig. 1 shows the inner joint part 10 of a ball-and-cage joint 1 (not marked here) with four first inner ball tracks 13 and four second inner ball tracks 14 alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • first webs 21 and second lands 22 which extend differently far in the radial direction 30 from the central axis 27.
  • the first webs 21, which extend further outward in the radial direction 30, have first ball guide surfaces 23 at their two sides oriented towards the respective ball track 13, 14.
  • the second webs 22 have at their two, toward the respective ball track 13, 14 oriented sides second ball guide surfaces 24.
  • first ball guide surfaces 23 extend in the radial direction 30 to the outside than the second ball guide surfaces 24.
  • This design of the inner joint part 10 a higher degree of Kugelumschlingung is ensured when the joint is loaded during operation with torques. Due to the higher or further outwardly extending first webs 21, normal forces can be transmitted to a greater extent from the balls to the inner joint part 10 and vice versa, so that lower power losses are to be expected during operation of the ball-and-cage joint 1.
  • Another form of description of the arrangement of the first and inner second ball tracks 13, 14 is made possible by the introduction of the term orbital angle 42.
  • This orbital angle 42 has a center 43, which is congruent with the ball center 53 of the ball 25, not shown here, in the respective ball track 13, 14.
  • This orbital angle 43 extends in a plane 44, which is arranged perpendicular to the central axis 27.
  • the inner ball tracks 13, 14 are pivoted about an orbital angle 42, so that at the first webs 21 radially outwardly extending first ball guide surfaces 23 than at the second webs 22.
  • For each direction of rotation of the ball joint joint 1 are therefore At least on one side of each inner ball track 13, 14 radially outwardly further extending ball guide surfaces 23, so that just in this direction of rotation the torque ment transmission is improved.
  • the inner joint part 10 is thus provided in particular for the operation of ball-and-cage joints 1, in which four balls transmit torques for each direction of rotation. Furthermore, it is shown here in Fig.
  • the inner joint part 10 has a bore 38 which is designed as a spline 40 and thus as a connection means 20 for a shaft 11 (not shown here).
  • FIG. 2 shows the section D-D from FIG. 1 through the inner joint part 10.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further section CC through the inner joint part 10 according to FIG. 1.
  • the first webs 21, which extend further outward in the radial direction 30 in FIG. 3, and the second webs 22, which extend less far outward, can be clearly seen in Fig. 2.
  • First inner ball tracks 13 are inclined relative to the central axis 27 by a first inclination angle 28 and second inner ball tracks 14 by a second inclination angle 29 in the circumferential direction 26. These first angle of inclination 28 for first inner ball tracks 13 and second angle of inclination 29 for second inner ball tracks 14 are not necessarily the same amount. Between first inner ball tracks 13 and second inner ball tracks 14 first webs 21 and second webs 22 are arranged. A line along the first inner ball tracks 13 and second inner ball tracks 14 marks the ball track base 34, so the amount of points along the ball tracks 13, 14, each having the smallest distance from the central axis 27.
  • second inner ball tracks 14 contact points 35 for the ball 25, not shown. This means that the ball 25 is guided here by two contact points 35 in the second inner ball track 14.
  • FIG. 5 shows the outer joint part 3 of a ball constant velocity joint 1 with first outer ball tracks 8 and second outer ball tracks 9, which are arranged alternately along the inner surface 6 of the outer joint part 3 in the circumferential direction 26.
  • the inner surface 6 encloses a cavity. 7
  • FIG. 6 shows a section B-B through the outer joint part 3 according to FIG. 5 and accordingly shows a section through the first outer ball tracks 8.
  • the outer joint part 3 further has a connection side 4 (closed here) and an opening side 5.
  • An open connection side 4 of the outer joint part 3 is also according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows the outer joint part 3 according to FIG. 5 in section E-E.
  • FIG. 8 shows the outer joint part 3 according to FIG. 10 in a section D-D.
  • FIG. 9 shows the outer joint part 3 according to FIG. 5 in a perspective view.
  • 10 shows the ball constant velocity joint 1 in the form of a sliding joint 2 with outer joint part 3 and inner joint part 10 in a perspective view.
  • the inner joint part 10 is arranged within a cavity 7 of the outer joint part 3.
  • first outer ball tracks 8 and second outer ball tracks 9 are arranged alternately.
  • the inner joint part 10 has first and second inner ball tracks 13, 14, the first and second outer ball tracks 8, 9 of the outer joint part 3 first and second second pairs of tracks 15, 16 form.
  • FIG. 11 shows the ball synchronous pivot joint 1 according to FIG. 10 in a plan view, wherein the outer joint part 3 and the inner joint part 10 form first pairs of tracks 15 by first outer ball tracks 8 and first inner ball tracks 13 and second track pairs 16 by second outer ball tracks 9 and second inner ball tracks 14.
  • the respective pairs of tracks 15, 16 each receive a ball 25.
  • FIG. 12 shows the ball constant velocity joint 1 according to FIG. 11 in section BB, balls 25 being shown in first pairs of tracks 15.
  • the ball joint 1 is shown in a stretched arrangement, that is, that the center axes 27 of the outer joint part 3 and inner joint part 7 are aligned.
  • the balls 25 are located in the joint center plane 17.
  • the first outer ball track 8 see, eg, in Fig. 21
  • the first inner ball track 13 see eg. in Fig. 15
  • FIG. 13 shows a further section through the ball tracking rotary joint 1 according to FIG. 11, wherein here the section leads through second webs 22 of the inner joint part 10.
  • FIG. 14 shows the ball tracking rotary joint 1 according to FIG. 11 in a further section DD, wherein it can be seen that the section leads through first webs 21 of the inner joint part 10 which extend further outward in the radial direction 30 than second webs 22 (FIG. see Fig. 13).
  • FIG. 15 shows a section AA through first inner ball tracks 13 of the inner joint part 10 according to FIG. 16. A first tilt angle 31 can be seen, around which the first inner ball track 13 is inclined radially outward relative to the central axis 27. 16 shows the inner joint part 10 in a perspective view with first inner ball tracks 13 and second inner ball tracks 14.
  • FIG. 17 shows a further section B-B through the inner joint part 10 according to FIG. 16, the first tilt angle 31 of the first inner ball track 13 also being shown here.
  • FIG. 18 accordingly shows a section AA through the inner joint part 10 for illustrating the second tilt angle 32 of the second inner ball tracks 14.
  • FIG. 19 shows the inner joint part 10 in a perspective view, wherein sections A and B (see FIGS. 18 and 20) are shown are.
  • FIG. 20 shows the section BB through the inner joint part according to FIG. 19 to illustrate the second tilt angle 32 of the second inner ball tracks 14.
  • FIG. 21 shows a section GG through the outer joint part 3 according to FIG. 22 to show the first tilt angle 31 of the first outer ball track 8.
  • Fig. 22 shows the outer joint part 3 in a perspective view, wherein section G-G and H-H are marked.
  • the outer joint part 3 has along an inner circumferential surface 6 first outer ball tracks 8 and second outer ball tracks 9.
  • FIG. 23 shows the section H-H through the outer joint part 3 according to FIG. 22, wherein a first tilt angle 31 of the first outer ball track 8 is shown. Furthermore, the section runs along the ball track base 34 of the first outer ball track 8, wherein the ball track base 34 of the outer ball tracks each marks a line of points which have the respective smallest distance to the central axis 27.
  • Fig. 24 shows a section GG through the outer joint part 3 to illustrate the tilted by a tilt angle 32 relative to the central axis second outer ball track 9.
  • Fig. 25 shows the outer joint part 3 in a perspective view with first outer ball tracks 8 and second outer ball tracks 9, wherein Sections GG and HH ( Figures 24, 26) are shown.
  • FIG. 26 shows the section H-H through the outer joint part 3 according to FIG. 25 to show the second tilt angle 32 of the second outer ball tracks 9.
  • Fig. 27 shows the starting material 37 for the inner joint part 10 in a plan view.
  • the material 41 after step a) of the process is present as starting material 37, in particular after a rolling process.
  • Fig. 28 shows the starting material 37 for the inner joint part 10 in a side view in section.
  • FIG. 29 shows the inner joint part 10 as a cut-starting material 37.
  • Fig. 30 shows the inner joint part 10 according to the method step b), in which case already a bore 38 and a part of the outer peripheral surface 39 is machined.
  • FIG. 31 shows that a spline 40 has already been incorporated in the bore 38.
  • FIG. 32 shows the inner joint part 10 with already incorporated first inner ball tracks 13 according to method step c).
  • 33 shows the inner joint part 10 according to method step d), wherein here on the outer surface 12 of the inner joint part 10 first inner ball tracks 13 and second inner ball tracks 14 and first webs 21 and second webs 22 are incorporated.
  • Fig. 34 shows the starting material 37 for the inner joint part 10, which is produced in particular by a forging process.
  • FIG. 35 shows the starting material 37 according to FIG. 34 in a section, wherein it can be seen that in the forging part the bore 38 and the outer circumferential surface 39 have already been completed at least partially by the forging process.
  • FIG. 36 shows the completed inner joint part 10 with first inner ball tracks 13 and second inner ball tracks 14 as well as first webs 21 and second webs 22 and a bore 38, which is designed as a spline 40.
  • This inner joint part 10 was produced from the starting material 37 produced by a forging process.
  • Fig. 37 shows the ball constant velocity joint 1 in the bent state in section.
  • the center axes 27 of the inner joint part 10 and outer joint part 3 intersect at a flexion angle 45.
  • the balls 25 are guided by the pairs of webs 15, 16 on the bisecting plane 36.
  • the closed executed connection side 4 of the outer joint part 3 is here connected to a shaft journal 46.
  • the inner joint part 10 is connected to a shaft 11. It can be seen that the inner joint part 10 is arranged displaced relative to the outer joint part 3 in the axial direction 47 towards the opening side 5 of the outer joint part 3. This shift is also evident from the fact that the bisector plane 36 no longer intersects the joint center plane 17 (of the outer joint part 3) in the intersection with the central axis 27.
  • Fig. 38 to 49 illustrate the effects of different pitch angles 18, 19 in the ball tracking joint 1 based on the inner joint part 10.
  • Fig. 38 to 40 show an inner joint part 10 with equal pitch angles 18, 19.
  • the pitch angle 18, 19 are determined between straight line 51, which intersect the center 52 of the inner joint part 10 and the ball center 53 in adjacent ball tracks 13, 14.
  • the balls 25 lie in the joint center plane 17.
  • the inner joint part 10 has first webs 21 and second webs 22 which extend to different extents in the radial direction 30.
  • the inner joint part 10 is made of cuboidal starting material.
  • 41 to 43 show a further inner joint part 10 with equal pitch angles 18, 19.
  • the inner joint part 10 has first webs 21 and second webs 22, which extend equally far in the radial direction 30 to the outside.
  • the inner joint part 10 is made of cylindrical starting material.
  • FIGS. 44 to 46 show an inner joint part with unequal first and second split angles 18, 19.
  • the first pitch angles 18 are here 60 angular degrees, the second pitch angle 19 only 30 angular degrees.
  • the other comments on Fig. 38 to 40 apply here accordingly.
  • Fig. 47 to 49 show another inner joint part with unequal first and second pitch angles 18, 19.
  • the first pitch angle 18 are here 60 angular degrees, the second pitch angle 19 only 30 degrees angle. Due to the significant differences in the pitch swinkel 18, 19 are also here before first webs 21 and second webs 22 which extend to different degrees in the radial direction 30 to the outside.
  • first webs 21 have a greater material thickness than second webs 22.
  • second webs 22 are also shortened in their extent in the radial direction 30.
  • the different pitches swinkel 18, 19 thus improve the transmission of torques for each one half of the ball tracks 13, 14 in each case a direction of rotation of the ball joint.
  • FIG. 50 shows a motor vehicle 48 having a drive unit 49 and four wheels 50 which are connected to the drive unit 49 via axes and constant velocity ball joints 1 for the transmission of rotational moments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un joint homocinétique à billes 1 qui se présente sous la forme d'un joint coulissant 2. Ledit joint comporte au moins une partie extérieure 3 munie de quatre premières pistes extérieures à billes 8 et quatre secondes pistes extérieures à billes 9 qui sont disposées alternativement dans une direction circonférentielle 26. Ledit joint comporte également une partie intérieure 10 qui est positionnée dans la cavité 7 de la partie extérieure 3 et qui comporte des premières pistes intérieures à billes 13 et des secondes pistes intérieures à billes 14 qui sont disposées alternativement dans une direction circonférentielle 26 et qui s'étendent sur une surface extérieure 12. Lesdites pistes intérieures sont séparées les unes des 'autres par des premières nervures 21 et des secondes nervures 22 disposées en alternance. Selon l'invention, des premières surfaces de guidage de billes 23 sont prévues au niveau des premières nervures 21 et des secondes surfaces de guidage de billes 24 sont prévues au niveau des secondes nervures 22. Le joint homocinétique sphérique 1 ne comporte pas de cage. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de fabrication de la partie intérieure du joint.
PCT/EP2014/056423 2013-04-22 2014-03-31 Joint homocinétique à billes en forme de joint coulissant sans cage et procédé de fabrication d'une partie intérieure de joint WO2014173636A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310104065 DE102013104065B4 (de) 2013-04-22 2013-04-22 Kugelgleichlaufgelenk in Form eines käfiglosen Verschiebegelenks
DE102013104065.9 2013-04-22

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WO2014173636A1 true WO2014173636A1 (fr) 2014-10-30

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PCT/EP2014/056423 WO2014173636A1 (fr) 2013-04-22 2014-03-31 Joint homocinétique à billes en forme de joint coulissant sans cage et procédé de fabrication d'une partie intérieure de joint

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DE (1) DE102013104065B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014173636A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017020061A1 (fr) * 2015-08-05 2017-02-09 Edward Wechner Joint homocinétique de grande articulation
CN110945258A (zh) * 2017-06-20 2020-03-31 Gkn 动力传动系统有限公司 球式等速滑移万向节

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022126367A1 (de) 2022-10-11 2024-04-11 Minebea Mitsumi Inc. Kugelgleichlaufgelenk

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FR2211076A5 (fr) * 1972-12-13 1974-07-12 Bellomo Andrea
DE2419236A1 (de) * 1974-04-22 1975-05-07 Alexander M Dipl Ing Zink Gleichlaufgelenk
JPH05231435A (ja) * 1992-02-24 1993-09-07 Ntn Corp 等速自在継手
US5685777A (en) * 1994-11-11 1997-11-11 Lohr & Bromkamp Gmbh Constant velocity universal ball joint
DE10103550A1 (de) * 2001-01-26 2002-08-01 Volkswagen Ag Kugelverschiebegelenk

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19837471A1 (de) * 1998-08-19 2000-02-24 Gkn Sinter Metals Gmbh Zweiteiliger Gelenkkörper
DE19958147A1 (de) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-21 Volkswagen Ag Homokinetisches Schiebegelenk
DE112004001207B4 (de) * 2004-10-01 2013-07-25 Gkn Driveline International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gelenks mit hochbelastbarem Innenteil
ITMI20051793A1 (it) * 2005-09-28 2007-03-29 Gkn Driveline Bruneck Ag Elemento interno per un giunto a snodo omocinetico e metodo per la sua fabbricazione

Patent Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2211076A5 (fr) * 1972-12-13 1974-07-12 Bellomo Andrea
DE2419236A1 (de) * 1974-04-22 1975-05-07 Alexander M Dipl Ing Zink Gleichlaufgelenk
JPH05231435A (ja) * 1992-02-24 1993-09-07 Ntn Corp 等速自在継手
US5685777A (en) * 1994-11-11 1997-11-11 Lohr & Bromkamp Gmbh Constant velocity universal ball joint
DE10103550A1 (de) * 2001-01-26 2002-08-01 Volkswagen Ag Kugelverschiebegelenk

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017020061A1 (fr) * 2015-08-05 2017-02-09 Edward Wechner Joint homocinétique de grande articulation
CN110945258A (zh) * 2017-06-20 2020-03-31 Gkn 动力传动系统有限公司 球式等速滑移万向节

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DE102013104065A1 (de) 2014-10-23
DE102013104065B4 (de) 2015-05-07

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