WO2014172811A1 - 听力测试与听觉评估装置 - Google Patents

听力测试与听觉评估装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014172811A1
WO2014172811A1 PCT/CN2013/000758 CN2013000758W WO2014172811A1 WO 2014172811 A1 WO2014172811 A1 WO 2014172811A1 CN 2013000758 W CN2013000758 W CN 2013000758W WO 2014172811 A1 WO2014172811 A1 WO 2014172811A1
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Prior art keywords
hearing
test
hearing test
sound
module
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PCT/CN2013/000758
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵兵兵
赵勇
赵金萍
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江苏贝泰福医疗科技有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏贝泰福医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 江苏贝泰福医疗科技有限公司
Priority to KR1020157020211A priority Critical patent/KR20150129661A/ko
Priority to JP2015553994A priority patent/JP2016515838A/ja
Priority to EP13883143.3A priority patent/EP2942011A4/en
Publication of WO2014172811A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014172811A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/12—Audiometering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0033—Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0041—Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments in coded form
    • G10H1/0058—Transmission between separate instruments or between individual components of a musical system
    • G10H1/0066—Transmission between separate instruments or between individual components of a musical system using a MIDI interface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/12—Audiometering
    • A61B5/121—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity
    • A61B5/123—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity subjective methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/12—Audiometering
    • A61B5/121—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity
    • A61B5/125—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity objective methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/12—Audiometering
    • A61B5/121—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity
    • A61B5/125—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity objective methods
    • A61B5/126—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity objective methods measuring compliance or mechanical impedance of the tympanic membrane
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H2220/371—Vital parameter control, i.e. musical instrument control based on body signals, e.g. brainwaves, pulsation, temperature or perspiration; Biometric information

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a hearing test and hearing evaluation device.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Hearing test which mainly checks the degree of your hearing loss, is a subjective or objective value, that is, the number of decibels that you can hear the minimum sound when a stimulating sound is emitted at different frequencies; and the value of the air conduction bone conduction can be judged.
  • the nature of your deafness, whether it is neurological or conductive or mixed, is a diagnostic method for the state of hearing function and the disease of the auditory system through the response of the subject to acoustic stimulation.
  • Hearing tests include objective hearing tests (eg, acoustic impedance OAE detection, brainstem evoked potential ABR detection, multi-frequency steady-state evoked potential ASSR detection), and/or subjective hearing detection (eg, pure tone audiometry).
  • objective hearing tests eg, acoustic impedance OAE detection, brainstem evoked potential ABR detection, multi-frequency steady-state evoked potential ASSR detection
  • subjective hearing detection eg, pure tone audiometry
  • the compound tones or words that some children like to listen to are more stimulating to the auditory nerve than the monotonous and dull sounds (such as children born to certain animals).
  • the vocabulary, music, mother and dad are very clear, so that they can more accurately reflect the level of auditory perception, more effectively guide the fitting and debugging of hearing aids, and optimize the hearing rehabilitation auxiliary function of hearing aids. Therefore, it is very necessary to comprehensively evaluate the hearing detection results of various hearing detection devices, and to expand the stimulation sound required for detection from a single tone to a complex tone, and even to simulate animal calls and human speech.
  • the technical problem mainly solved by the present invention is to provide an integrated integrated device for hearing test and auditory evaluation, which is simple in operation.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: providing a hearing test And the auditory evaluation device, including: an all-digital audio tone signal synthesis generator, using a plurality of standard sounds and percussion arrangements generated by the digital music/electronic synthesis instrument international standard "Electronic Instrument Digital Interface MIDI" specification, logic by built-in software Algorithms and parameters become digital signal input digital signal processor DSP or processed by PC central processing unit CPU to generate and output multimodal audio tone acoustic signals; hearing test module, including one or more objective and / or subjective hearing tests a sub-module that shares a signal input by the all-digital audio tone signal synthesis generator into a corresponding single tone and/or compound tone and/or simulated animal voice and/or simulated human voice stimulus signal for the patient Hearing test, and output the hearing test results;
  • Comprehensive auditory evaluation module comprehensive auditory evaluation of the
  • the all-digital audio tone signal synthesis generator adopts a nonlinear, unsteady, dynamic and superimposable acoustic signal processing analysis algorithm and a logic algorithm, and the algorithm parameter variables include a given frequency.
  • Sound signal waveform, time, amplitude, phase, analysis method uses time domain and / or register.
  • the hearing test module includes, but is not limited to, pure tone hearing detection, bone conduction hearing detection, acoustic impedance OAE test, brainstem evoked potential ABR test, multi-frequency steady state evoked potential ASSR test and speech.
  • One or more objective and/or subjective hearing test sub-modules in the test is not limited to, pure tone hearing detection, bone conduction hearing detection, acoustic impedance OAE test, brainstem evoked potential ABR test, multi-frequency steady state evoked potential ASSR test and speech.
  • the one or more objective and/or subjective hearing detection sub-modules share signals input by the same all-digital audio tone signal synthesis generator into single tones and/or composites.
  • Tones and/or simulating animal sounds and/or simulating human speech signals and can arbitrarily adjust frequency and/or loudness and/or pitch and/or melody and/or rhythm to produce desired acoustic stimulation signals for objective and / or subjective hearing test.
  • the manner of adjusting the sound intensity includes, but is not limited to, static hand adjustment and dynamic increase, constant or progressive sound intensity, dynamic change speed, intermittent or continuous sound.
  • the output of the hearing test result is, but not limited to, a pure bone audiogram and a similar hearing test chart, including a hearing threshold and an uncomfort threshold, and the pure tone audiogram is saved as a picture document or audio. Tone signal, output print or seamlessly connect the hearing aid fitting module.
  • the pure tone hearing detection sub-module further includes a noise masking module and a noise environment selection module, providing a usage environment mode for selecting a hearing aid to be worn, and performing a hearing test in a simulated use environment.
  • the hearing test and hearing evaluation apparatus further includes an audio signal calibration calibration module for performing single and/or multiple at any given frequency for the all digital audio tone signal synthesis generator. Calibration of the sound pressure level or sound intensity test.
  • the hearing test and hearing evaluation device further includes an interactive action module for the listener to operate the hearing test and the auditory evaluation by itself, by operating an external or built-in user controller, including but not Limited to the joystick Joystick, the listener can adjust the frequency, loudness, sound pressure level, noise masking, compound tone, simulated animal call, simulated human speech and other input variables, test the hearing and evaluate the hearing, and then confirm by the professional operator. .
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
  • the hearing test and hearing evaluation device of the present invention is a portable integrated integrated system suitable for objective and/or subjective hearing test and auditory evaluation from children to the elderly, simple operation, remarkable effect, and through the patient More accurate hearing and auditory evaluation results can also be obtained by self-operation.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a preferred embodiment of the hearing test and hearing evaluation device of the present invention. detailed description
  • an embodiment of the present invention includes: a hearing test and hearing evaluation device, comprising: a hearing test and an auditory evaluation device, including: an all-digital audio tone signal synthesis generator, utilizing an international standard for digital music/electronic synthetic instruments" Electronic musical instrument digital interface MIDI" specifications produced by multiple standard sounds and percussion arrangement, through the built-in software to convert logic algorithms and parameters into digital signal input digital signal processor DSP or processed by PC central processing CPU to vocalize, and a signal output; a hearing test module comprising one or more objective and/or subjective hearing test sub-modules, sharing signals input by the same all-digital audio tone signal synthesis generator into corresponding single tones and/or composite tones And/or simulating animal sounds and/or simulating human speech sound stimulation signals, performing hearing tests on patients, and outputting hearing test results; and comprehensive auditory
  • the all-digital audio tone signal synthesis generator module by writing a series of software, using 128 standard sounds and 81 percussion arrangements generated by the digital music/electronic synthesis instrument international standard "electronic musical instrument digital interface MIDI" specification,
  • the logic algorithms and parameters become digital signal input digital signal processor DSP or processed by the PC central processing unit CPU to generate and output multi-modal audio tone acoustic signals.
  • DSP digital signal input digital signal processor
  • Algorithm parameter variables include the waveform, time, amplitude, phase, etc. of the sound signal at a given frequency.
  • the analysis method can use either a time domain or a scope domain.
  • a typical practical example is to use a separate audio processing chip to reduce the CPU resources, more powerful, and better sound quality.
  • Another typical practical example is the use of CODEC (Digital Analog Signal Translation) chip function, responsible The conversion of audio signals does not occupy the CPU, which can guarantee the quality of sound playback and save costs.
  • the digital signal is converted into an analog signal, which is amplified and input to the speaker, and then becomes a sound broadcast.
  • the audio signal calibration calibration module through the built-in or external hearing analyzer, the entire audio software and hardware system including the specially configured speaker earphones, and the sound pressure level or sound intensity test calibration at a given frequency calibration.
  • the sound calibration calibration module can be calibrated manually or automatically for sound pressure level or sound intensity test at any set frequency and sound pressure level, such as 150Hz - 8500Hz, OdB - 120dB.
  • the speaker earphone is placed in the acoustic cavity of the simulated human ear for air conduction experiment calibration.
  • the pure tone hearing test module The sound required for the hearing test is a pure tone signal of intermittent or continuous single tone, including two variables of frequency and loudness. Hearing tests adjust the sound intensity at a set frequency, including: static hand or dynamic increase, constant or progressive sound intensity, dynamic change speed, intermittent or continuous sound.
  • the dynamic increase of sound intensity scanning type audiometry can also be conveniently operated by the patient himself, wearing a headset, pressing a button or a mouse, and quickly and accurately recording the hearing threshold and the hearing discomfort threshold.
  • Hearing tests can be performed at any set frequency and sound pressure level, such as 150 Hz - 8500 Hz, OdB - 120 dB.
  • the output of the hearing test results is a pure tone audiogram, including hearing thresholds and discomfort. Pure tone audiograms can be saved as picture documents (pdf) and audio signals, output printed or seamlessly connected to the hearing aid fitting module.
  • Directly testing the hearing under the wearing environment of the hearing aid can avoid the pure tone hearing of the traditional silent room or the soundproof room environment test can not accurately reflect the nonlinear relationship of the hearing under the noise environment; meanwhile, the hearing test aid fitting integrated machine can seamlessly measure Listen to the results directly into the fitting module to avoid the errors caused by traditional manual input.
  • the bone conduction hearing test module The measured hearing is transmitted by stimulating the scalp or skull with additional sound. This type of hearing test is often used as a supplement to the air conduction hearing test, especially when the air conduction disorder is large.
  • the acoustic impedance test (OAE) module when the sound wave propagates in the medium, there is both the blocking and resisting side, that is, the acoustic impedance; and the conducting and receiving side is the acoustic admittance, and the sum of the acoustic impedance and the acoustic admittance is called the acoustic guide. anti.
  • the middle ear of the human is an impedance matching device that converts acoustic energy into mechanical energy and amplifies it. If there is a lesion in the sound conduction path, such as middle ear effusion, ossicular chain lesions or new organisms change impedance matching.
  • the middle ear disease is tested by the external sound stimulation, and the audio energy or acoustic admittance changes which are generated in the cochlea, the ossicular chain and the tympanic membrane, and released into the external auditory canal are tested, especially for the diagnosis of sensorineural deafness and middle ear.
  • Lesions and facial neuropathy are effective, combined with pure tone hearing can be used for positioning, qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of transmitted hearing loss and mixed hearing loss.
  • the receiver audible vibration tympanic membrane on the earphone accurately control the multi-frequency scanning drum mode acoustic admittance Test, a multi-frequency multi-component acoustic admittance test method that tests the sonar and phase angles of the tympanic membrane surface with equal pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane to find the resonant frequency.
  • the pickup pressure sensor on the earphone probe inputs the measured sound pressure change before and after the resonance into the sound pressure balance meter, and the balance curve reflects the acoustic admittance change.
  • the built-in sound pressure balance meter through the sonar and phase angle data analysis and logic algorithm processing, automatically generates a balance curve reflecting the change of the acoustic admittance, thereby judging the middle ear lesion.
  • the auditory brainstem evoked potential test (ABR) module uses an all-digital audio tone signal synthesis generator to generate an audio tone signal, rapidly changing loudness or sound pressure or tone, melody, rhythm at a given frequency, and emitting low intensity short
  • the sound (dB) is stimulated by the response of the auditory system ( ⁇ ), and the potential waveform recorded by the cranial electrode (mS - ⁇ ) is compared. Change, judge hearing loss, especially the diagnosis of neurological deafness, acoustic neuroma.
  • the evoked potential meter shares a pure tone hearing test module and a display module.
  • the multi-frequency steady state evoked potential test (ASSR) module uses an all-digital audio tone signal synthesis generator to generate an audio tone signal, rapidly changing loudness or
  • ASSR is a response that is stimulated by a plurality of frequency-sustained or steady-state sound stimulation signals. Apply ASSR for objective hearing assessment and deafness diagnosis.
  • the audio signal from the generator is synthesized by the all-digital audio tone signal, and the stimuli emitted are synthesized by two sine waves. One is a high frequency modulated wave and the other is a low frequency carrier.
  • the carrier is controlled by adjusting the amplitude, frequency and phase of the modulated wave, so that the carrier characteristic parameter follows the modulation wave variation, and then the time domain signal is converted into the frequency speech signal by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the auditory nervous system potential ( ⁇ ) is induced to change, and continuous response waves can be recorded in the cerebral cortex.
  • Low-impedance and high-sensitivity electrode, inner core silver outsourcing multi-phase alloy ⁇ 35 ⁇ composite electrode material evoked potential meter shared pure tone hearing test module and display module. Recording technical requirements: Filter bandpass 10-300HZ (6dB/oct), amplifier gain 1x106, CMMR100-120dB, 16-bit A/D, and inter-pole resistance ⁇ 5kQ.
  • a comprehensive auditory evaluation module for a variety of hearing test methods storing pure tone hearing, bone conduction hearing, acoustic impedance, auditory brainstem response, multi-frequency steady-state evoked potential, speech test results in the same document, with pdf image documents, also Digital image document. It can be printed or displayed on the all-in-one monitor for comparative analysis. Fill in the hearing diagnosis book, there are pdf picture documents for output printing, and digital documents for saving.
  • the hearing test and hearing evaluation device further includes an interactive action module for the listener to operate the hearing test and the auditory evaluation by itself, by operating an external or built-in user controller, including but not limited to a game player.
  • the joystick the listener can adjust the frequency, loudness, sound pressure level, noise masking, retouching, simulating animal calls, simulating human speech and other input variables, testing hearing and assessing hearing, and then by professional operators. confirm.
  • the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalent structure or equivalent process transformations made by the specification and the drawings of the present invention may be directly or indirectly applied to other related technologies.
  • the scope of the invention is included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

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Abstract

一种听力测试与听觉评估装置，包括：全数字音频音调信号合成发生器，通过内置软件将逻辑算法和参数变为数字信号输入数字信号处理器DSP或经过PC中央处理器CPU处理来产生并输出多模态音频音调声信号；听力测试模块，包括一种或多种客观和/或主观听力测试子模块，共享同一全数字音频音调信号合成发生器所输入的信号所转换的相应刺激或干预信号，对患者进行听力测试；综合听觉评估模块，对各种听力测试子模块输出的听力测试结果做综合听觉评估。所述听力测试与听觉评估装置适用广泛，操作简单，通过患者自己操作也可得到较准确的听力测试与听觉评估结果。

Description

听力测试与听觉评估装置 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗设备领域， 特别是涉及一种听力测试与听觉评估装置。 背景技术 听力测试， 主要检查你的听力损失程度， 是一个主观或客观数值， 也就是 在不同频率下发出刺激声音时你能听到最小声音的分贝数； 还有气导骨导的数 值可以判断你的耳聋性质， 是神经性还是传导性还是混合性等， 通过受检者对 声刺激产生的反应来了解其听功能状态和听觉系统疾病的一种诊断方法。 听力检测包括客观听力检测（比如， 声阻抗 OAE检测、 脑干诱发电位 ABR 检测、 多频稳态诱发电位 ASSR检测）， 和\或主观听力检测（比如， 纯音听力测 试）。 这些原理不同、 性能各异的听力检测设备相互独立、 互不相连， 釆用自带 外加单音调刺激声源。 但采用这些由单音调声信号刺激而测得的听力水平是否 能代表听觉神经对现实生活中各种复合声信号的感知水平， 一直备受质疑。 特 别是对聋儿， 听得见并不表示听得清听得懂， 用某些儿童喜欢听的复合音调或 言语比单音调枯燥的声音更能刺激其听觉神经（比如儿童天生对某些动物叫声、 音乐、 妈妈爸爸等言语词汇非常明感）， 从而更能准确反映其听觉感知水平， 更 有效地指导验配调试助听器， 优化助听器的听力康复辅助功效。 因此， 非常必 要将各种听力检测设备的听力检测结果进行综合评估， 将检测所需的刺激声从 单音调扩大到复合音调， 甚至模拟动物叫声和人的言语。 发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种听力测试与听觉评估一体化综合装 置， 操作简单。 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明采用的一个技术方案是： 提供一种听力测试 与听觉评估装置， 包括： 全数字音频音调信号合成发生器，利用数字音乐 /电子合成乐器国际标准 "电 子乐器数字化接口 MIDI"规格所产生的多个标准音色和打击乐器排列， 通过内 置软件将逻辑算法和参数变为数字信号输入数字信号处理器 DSP或经过 PC中 央处理器 CPU处理来产生并输出多模态音频音调声信号； 听力测试模块， 包括一种或多种客观和 /或主观听力测试子模块， 共享同一 所述全数字音频音调信号合成发生器所输入的信号转换为相应的单音调和 /或复 合音调和 /或模拟动物叫声和 /或模拟人言语声刺激信号， 对患者进行听力测试， 并将听力测试结果输出； 综合听觉评估模块， 对输入的多种听力测试结果进行综合听觉评估， 特别 是言语听觉能力评估。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 所述全数字音频音调信号合成发生器， 采用 非线性、 非稳定、 动态和可叠加声信号处理分析算法和逻辑算法， 算法参数变 量包括给定频率下的声音信号波形、 时间、 幅度、 相位， 分析方法采用时域和 / 或语域。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 所述听力测试模块包括但不限于純音听力检 测、 骨导听力检测、 声阻抗 OAE测试、 脑干诱发电位 ABR测试、 多频稳态诱 发电位 ASSR测试和言语测试中一个或多个客观和 /或主观听力测试子模块。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 所述一个或多个客观和 /或主观听力检测子模 块共享同一个所述全数字音频音调信号合成发生器所输入的信号转换为单音调 和 /或复合音调和 /或模拟动物叫声和 /或模拟人言语声信号，并可以任意调节频率 和 /或响度和 /或音调和 /或旋律和 /或节奏， 产生所需求的声刺激信号， 进行客观 和 /或主观听力测试。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 所述调节声音强度的方式包括但不限于静态 手调和动态增加、 声音强度恒定或渐强、 动态变化速度、 间歇或连续声。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 所述听力测试结果的输出是但不限于純骨听 力图及类似的听力测试图表， 包括听力阔值和不舒适阈， 纯音听力图保存为图 片文档或音频音调信号， 输出打印或无缝连接助听器验配模块。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 所述纯音听力检测子模块还包括噪声掩蔽模 块和噪音环境选择模块， 提供选择助听器佩戴的使用环境模式， 在模拟使用环 境下进行听力测试。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中 , 所述听力测试与听觉评估装置还包括音频信 号标定校准模块， 对所述全数字音频音调信号合成发生器， 在任意给定频率下 做单个和 /或多个声压级或声强实验标定校准。 在本发明一个较佳实施例中， 所述听力测试与听觉评估装置还包括被测听 者自己操作听力测试与听觉评估的交互动作模块， 通过操作外置或内置的用户 控制器， 包括但不限于游戏手柄 Joystick, 被测听者可以自己调节频率、 响度、 声压级、 噪声掩蔽、 复合音调、 模拟动物叫声、 模拟人言语等输入变量， 测试 听力和评估听觉， 然后由专业操作员确认。 本发明的有益效果是： 本发明听力测试与听觉评估装置是一个便携式一体 化综合系统， 适用于从儿童到老人的客观和 /或主观听力测试和听觉评估， 操作 简单， 效果显著， 并且通过患者自己操作也可得到较准确的听力测试与听觉评 估结果。 附图说明
图 1是本发明听力测试与听觉评估装置一较佳实施例的结构框图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述， 以使本发明的优点和 特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解， 从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚 明确的界定。 请参阅图 1 , 本发明实施例包括： 一种听力测试与听觉评估装置， 包括： 听力测试与听觉评估装置， 包括： 全数字音频音调信号合成发生器，利用数字音乐 /电子合成乐器国际标准 "电 子乐器数字化接口 MIDI" 规格所产生的多个标准音色和打击乐器排列， 通过内 置软件将逻辑算法和参数变为数字信号输入数字信号处理器 DSP或经过 PC中 央处理器 CPU处理来发声， 并将信号输出； 听力测试模块， 包括一种或多种客观和 /或主观听力测试子模块， 共享同一 所述全数字音频音调信号合成发生器所输入的信号转换为相应的单音调和 /或复 合音调和 /或模拟动物叫声和 /或模拟人言语声刺激信号， 对患者进行听力测试， 并将听力测试结果输出； 综合听觉评估模块， 对输入的多种听力测试结果进行综合听觉评估。 所述全数字音频音调信号合成发生器模块： 通过编写一系列软件， 利用数字音乐 /电子合成乐器国际标准 "电子乐器数 字化接口 MIDI" 规格所产生的 128个标准音色和 81个打击乐器排列， 将逻辑 算法和参数变为数字信号输入数字信号处理器 DSP或经过 PC中央处理器 CPU 处理来产生并输出多模态音频音调声信号。 釆用非线性 (nonlinear)、 非稳定 (nonstable)、 动态 (dynamic)、可叠加 (additive) 声信号处理分析算法和逻辑算法。 算法参数变量包括给定频率下的声音信号波 形、 时间、 幅度、 相位等。 分析方法既可以采用时域 (time domain)也可以是语域 (spectra domain)„ 一个典型实用例子是采用独立的音频处理芯片，减少对 CPU资源的占有率， 功能更强大， 音质效果更好。 另一个典型实用例子是采用 CODEC (数字模拟信号转换）芯片功能， 负责 音频信号的转换， 也不占用 CPU, 可以保证声音播放的质量， 节约成本。 数字 信号转换为模拟信号， 经放大处理后输入扬声器， 再变成声音播出。 所述音频信号标定校准模块： 通过内置或外置听力分析仪， 对一体化机包括专门配置的扬声器耳机在内 的整个音频软硬件系统， 在给定频率下做声压级或声强实验标定校准。 声音标定校准模块可以在任何设定频率和声压级范围内， 比如 150Hz - 8500Hz, OdB - 120dB， 进行手动或自动声压级或声强实验标定校准。 扬声器耳机放置于模拟人耳的声腔内进行气导实验标定。 所述纯音听力测试模块： 听力测试所需的声音是断续或连续的单一音调的纯音信号， 包括频率和响 度两个变量。 听力测试在设定频率下调节声音强度方式包括： 静态手调或动态增加、 声 音强度恒定或渐强、 动态变化速度、 间歇或连续声。 动态增加声强扫描式测听 还可以方便由患者自己操作， 戴上耳机， 按动按钮或鼠标， 快捷准确记录听力 阈值和听力不舒适阈。 可以在任何设定频率和声压级范围内， 比如 150Hz - 8500Hz, OdB - 120dB, 进行听力测试。 听力测试结果的输出是纯音听力图， 包括听力阈值和不舒适阔。 纯音听力 图可以保存为图片文档 （pdf)和音频信号， 输出打印或无缝连接助听器验配模 块。 在助听器佩戴使用环境下直接测试听力， 可以避免传统静音间或隔音室环 境测试的纯音听力不能准确反映噪音环境下听力的非线性关系； 同时， 听力测 试助听器验配一体化机可以无缝地将测听结果直接输入验配模块， 避免传统手 工输入所带来的误差。 所述骨导听力测试模块： 通过外加声音刺激头皮或头骨而传导所测得的听力。 这种听力测试通常作 为气导听力测试的补充， 尤其当气导障碍较大时。 所述声阻抗测试（ OAE )模块： 声波在介质中传播时， 既有阻挡和抵抗的一面即声阻抗； 也有传导和接纳 的一面即声导纳， 声阻抗和声导纳的总和叫声导抗。 人的中耳是一种阻抗匹配 装置， 它可将声能转化成机械能并放大， 如果在声音的传导通路上有病变如中 耳腔积液、 听骨链病变或有新生物改变了阻抗匹配性能， 妨碍了声音的有'效传 导， 就会导致传导性耳聋。 根据中耳传导动态特征判断中耳疾病 通过外加声刺激， 测试产生于耳蜗、 经听骨链和鼓膜传导、 释放到外耳道的音频能量或声导纳变化， 特别对诊断感 音性耳聋、 中耳病变和面神经病变有效， 结合纯音听力可以对传导听力损失和 混合听力损失做定位、 定性和定量诊断。 利用全数字音频音调信号合成发生器发出的音频信号 , 在给定频率下快速 变化响度或声压或音调、 旋律、 节奏， 耳机上的受话器发声振动鼓膜， 精确控 制多频率扫描鼓模声导纳测试， 即在鼓膜两侧压力相等的情况下测试鼓膜平面 的声纳和相位角来寻找共振频率的一种多频多成分声导纳测试方法。 耳机探头上的拾音压力传感器将测得的共振前后声压变化输入声压平衡 计， 平衡变化曲线反映声导纳变化。 内置声压平衡计， 通过声纳和相位角数据分析与逻辑算法处理， 自动生成 反映声导纳变化的平衡变化曲线， 从而判断中耳病变。 所述听觉脑干诱发电位测试（ABR )模块： 利用全数字音频音调信号合成发生器发出的音频音调信号， 在给定频率下 快速变化响度或声压或音调、 旋律、 节奏， 发出低强度短音声 （dB )刺激下听 觉系统反应所诱发的电位（ μν )变化， 比较颅顶电极记录的电位波形（ mS - μν ) 变化， 判断听力受损， 特别是神经性耳聋、 听神经瘤的诊断。 诱发电位仪共享纯音听力测试模块及显示模块。 所述多频稳态诱发电位测试（ASSR )模块：
ASSR是由多个频率持续的或者稳态的声音刺激信号刺激大脑产生的反应。 应用 ASSR进行客观听闹评估及耳聋诊断。 利用全数字音频音调信号合成发生器发出的音频信号， 发出的刺激声由两 个正弦波合成。 一个是高频调制波， 另一个是低频载波。 通过调节调制波的振 幅、 频率和相位去控制载波， 让载波特征参数跟随调制波变化， 再通过快速傅 里叶（FFT )将时域信号转换成频语信号。 测量叠加次数和滤波范围， 通过信号 分析分析和逻辑算法实现。 高频调制声刺激下， 诱发听觉神经系统电位（μν ) 变化， 可在大脑皮层记 录连续反应波。 低阻抗高灵敏度电极， 内芯银外包多相合金 ΜΡ35Ν复合电极材料 诱发电位仪共享纯音听力测试模块及显示模块。 记录技术要求： 滤波带通 10-300HZ ( 6dB/oct ), 放大器增益 1x106, CMMR100-120dB, 16位 A/D, 极间 电阻 <5kQ。 多种听力测试方法的综合听觉评估模块： 将纯音听力、 骨导听力、 声阻抗、 听觉脑干反应、 多频稳态诱发电位、 言 语测试结果存储在同一个文档内， 有 pdf图片文档、 也有数字图像文档。 可以输出打印， 也可在一体机显示器上显示， 进行对比分析。 填写听力诊断书， 有 pdf图片文档共输出打印、 也有数字文档保存。 所述听力测试与听觉评估装置还包括被测听者自己操作听力测试与听觉评 估的交互动作模块， 通过操作外置或内置的用户控制器， 包括但不限于游戏手 柄 Joystick, 被测听者可以自己调节频率、 响度、 声压级、噪戶掩蔽、 复舍骨调、 模拟动物叫声、 模拟人言语等输入变量， 测试听力和评估听觉， 然后由专业操 作员确认。 以上所述仅为本发明的实施例， 并非因此限制本发明的专利范围， 凡是利 用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换， 或直接或间接运 用在其他相关的技术领域， 均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种听力测试与听觉评估装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
全数字音频音调信号合成发生器，利用数字音乐 /电子合成乐器国际标准"电 子乐器数字化接口 MIDI" 规格所产生的多个标准音色和打击乐器排列， 通 过内置软件将逻辑算法和参数变为数字信号输入数字信号处理器 DSP或经 过 PC中央处理器 CPU处理来产生并输出多模态音频音调声信号； 听力测试模块， 包括一种或多种客观和 /或主观听力测试子模块， 共享同一 所述全数字音频音调信号合成发生器所输入的信号转换为相应的单音调和 / 或复合音调和 /或模拟动物叫声和 /或模拟人言语声刺激信号， 对患者进行客 观和 /或主观听力测试， 并将听力测试结果输出；
综合听觉评估模块， 对输入的多种客观和 /或主观听力测试结果进行综合听 觉评估。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的听力测试与听觉评估装置， 其特征在于， 所述全 数字音频音调信号合成发生器， 采用非线性、 非稳定、 动态和可叠加声信 号处理分析算法和逻辑算法， 算法参数变量包括但不限于给定频率下的声 音信号波形、 时间、 幅度、 相位， 分析方法采用时域和 /或傅域。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的听力测试与听觉评估装置， 其特征在于， 所述听 力测试模块包括但不限于纯音听力检测、骨导听力检测、声阻抗 OAE测试、 脑干诱发电位 ABR测试、 多频稳态诱发电位 ASSR测试和言语测试中一个 或多个客观和 /或主观听力测试子模块。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的听力测试与听觉评估装置， 其特征在于， 所述一 个或多个客观和 /或主观听力检测子模块共享同一个所述全数字音频音调信 号合成发生器所输入的信号转换为单音调和 /或复合音调和 /或模拟动物叫 声和 /或模拟人言语声信号， 并可以任意调节频率和 /或响度和 /或音调和 /或 旋律和 /或节奏， 产生听力测试所需求的声刺激信号， 进行客观和 /或主观听 力测试和综合听觉评估， 特别是言语听觉能力评估。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的听力测试与听觉评估装置， 其特征在于， 所述调 节声音强度的方式包括但不限于静态手调和动态增加、 声音强度恒定或渐 强、 动态变化速度、 间歇或连续声。
6、 才艮据权利要求 4所述的听力测试与听觉评估装置， 其特征在于， 所述听 力测试结果的输出是但不限于纯音听力图及类似的听力测试图表， 包括听 力阈值和不舒适阈， 纯音听力图保存为图片文档或音频信号， 输出打印或 无缝连接助听器验配模块。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的听力测试与听觉评估装置， 其特征在于， 所述纯 音听力检测子模块还包括噪声掩蔽模块和噪音环境选择模块， 提供选择助 听器佩戴的使用环境模式， 在模拟使用环境下进行听力测试。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的听力测试与听觉评估装置， 其特征在于， 所述听 力测试与听觉评估装置还包括音频信号标定校准模块， 对所述全数字音频 音调信号合成发生器， 在任意给定频率下做单个和 /或多个声压级或声强实 验标定校准。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的听力测试与听觉评估装置， 其特征在于， 所述听 力测试与听觉评估装置还包括被测听者自己操作听力测试与听觉评估的交 互动作模块， 通过操作外置或内置的用户控制器， 包括但不限于游戏手柄 Joystick, 被测听者可以自己调节变量包括但不限于频率、 响度、 声压级、 噪声掩蔽、 复合音调、 模拟动物叫声、 模拟人言语等输入变量， 测试听力 和评估听觉， 然后由专业操作员确认。
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