WO2014171657A1 - Air purifying filter with desorption unit using microwave heating and air purifying device using the same - Google Patents

Air purifying filter with desorption unit using microwave heating and air purifying device using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014171657A1
WO2014171657A1 PCT/KR2014/002952 KR2014002952W WO2014171657A1 WO 2014171657 A1 WO2014171657 A1 WO 2014171657A1 KR 2014002952 W KR2014002952 W KR 2014002952W WO 2014171657 A1 WO2014171657 A1 WO 2014171657A1
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Prior art keywords
air
adsorption member
desorption
air purifying
zone
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PCT/KR2014/002952
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Hyun Jae Lee
Seung Kil Lee
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Enbion Inc.
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Publication date
Application filed by Enbion Inc. filed Critical Enbion Inc.
Priority to CN201480021884.7A priority Critical patent/CN105263602B/en
Publication of WO2014171657A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014171657A1/en

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    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0027—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by direct contact between vapours or gases and the cooling medium
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    • B01D2259/4508—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for cleaning air in buildings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air purifying filter with a desorption unit using microwave heating and an air purifying device using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to an air purifying filter with a desorption unit using microwave heating and to an air purifying device using the same, wherein purification efficiency of gaseous pollutants contained in polluted air may be remarkably increased.
  • an air purifying device has been widely utilized in providing cleaned air by treating pollutants such as bacteria, offensive odors, volatile organic compounds or harmful substances contained in air of houses, multi-use facilities, industrial sites, etc.
  • Such an air purifying device includes a plurality of filters for treating particulate matter such as dust or bacteria and a deodorization filter for treating gaseous materials such as offensive odors, volatile organic compounds and harmful substances.
  • a filter with a sieving effect for particles and an electrostatic filter such as an electrostatic precipitator using static electricity are being utilized.
  • a fixed-bed adsorption filter using an active carbon and zeolite and an ozone oxidation filter using ozone are mainly applyed.
  • ozone oxidation filter using ozone which is a system using ozone oxidation power
  • extended use thereof is possible without exchange of the filter.
  • ozone which is an environmental pollutant
  • asthma and allergies may be caused undesirably.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an air purifying filter with a desorption unit using microwave heating and an air purifying device using the same, wherein purification efficiency of gaseous pollutants contained in air from the outside may be uniformly maintained for a long period of time.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an air purifying filter with a desorption unit using microwave heating and an air purifying device using the same, wherein a flow rate and energy consumption required to desorb the adsorbed gaseous pollutants may be minimized
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an air purifying device, including an adsorption member for adsorbing gaseous pollutants contained in air from the outside, a desorption unit for desorbing the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member by microwave heating, and a purification unit for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member.
  • the adsorption member may rotate discontinuously or continuously in a predetermined direction, and may include an adsorption zone onto which the gaseous pollutants are adsorbed, a desorption zone in which the adsorbed gaseous pollutants are desorbed by microwave heating, and a heat recovery zone which recovers heat generated by microwave heating.
  • the desorption unit may include a microwave supply source for supplying a microwave to the desorption zone.
  • the air purifying device may further include a desorption chamber disposed between the adsorption member and the desorption unit so that air fed into the heat recovery zone is guided toward the desorption zone.
  • the desorption chamber may include a barrier for preventing the microwave from being dispensed to the heat recovery zone.
  • the purification unit may include a catalytic part for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member by a catalytic reaction, and a heating element for heating the catalytic part by conventional heating or microwave heating.
  • the purification unit may further include a condensing part arranged before or after the catalytic part so as to condense air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member or condense air passed through the catalytic part.
  • the adsorption member may be fabricated with at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, zeolite, alumina-silica and activated carbon, having high adsorption performance for gaseous materials.
  • the adsorption member may be molded in any form such as a foam structure or a honeycombed structure to ensure air permeability.
  • the adsorption member may be provided in the form of any support having high air permeability being coated with at least one adsorbent selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, zeolite, alumina-silica and activated carbon.
  • the support may be composed of metal foam or ceramic foam, or a honeycombed ceramic or metal.
  • the support may have a structure resulting from bending or extruding a metal.
  • the absorption member may include a dielectric material.
  • the dielectric material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of SiC, TiO 2 , ZnO, CuO, NiO, V 2 O 5 , ferrite, graphite, ZnO 2 and SiH 2 , each of which has a dielectric constant of 10 or more.
  • the catalytic part may be formed of a catalyst material for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member by a catalytic reaction.
  • the catalyst material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium and palladium, or at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, molybdenum, silver, tungsten and gold.
  • the catalytic part may include a dielectric material which is applied onto the surface of the support and increases the temperature of the adsorption member via reaction with the microwave.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an air purifying filter, including an adsorption member for adsorbing gaseous pollutants contained in air from the outside, and a desorption unit for desorbing the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member by microwave heating.
  • the adsorption member may rotate discontinuously or continuously in a predetermined direction, and may include an adsorption zone onto which the gaseous pollutants are adsorbed, a desorption zone in which the adsorbed gaseous pollutants are desorbed by microwave heating, and a heat recovery zone which recovers heat generated by microwave heating.
  • the air purifying filter may further include a desorption chamber disposed between the adsorption member and the desorption unit so that air fed into the heat recovery zone is guided toward the desorption zone.
  • the desorption chamber may include a barrier for preventing the microwave from being dispensed to the heat recovery zone.
  • the adsorption member is reproducible, thus maintaining the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption member and greatly increasing the lifetime thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an air purifying device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating an adsorption member of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 are views illustrating the operation of a desorption unit of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are top plan views illustrating a desorption chamber of FIG. 3.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 are views illustrating the operation of a purification unit of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an air purifying device with a desorption unit using microwave heating according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air purifying device 1 includes an adsorption member 10, a desorption unit 20 and a purification unit 30.
  • the adsorption member 10 plays a role in adsorbing gaseous pollutants contained in air from the outside, and the desorption unit 20 functions to desorb the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member 10 by microwave heating.
  • the adsorption member may be fabricated with at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, zeolite, alumina-silica and activated carbon, having high adsorption performance for gaseous materials.
  • the adsorption member may be fabricated in any form such as a foam structure or a honeycombed structure to ensure air permeability.
  • the adsorption member may be provided in the form of any support having high air permeability being coated with at least one adsorbent selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, zeolite, alumina-silica and activated carbon.
  • the support may be composed of metal foam or ceramic foam, or a honeycombed ceramic or metal molded body.
  • the support may be molded via bending or extrusion of a metal or ceramic.
  • the adsorption member 10 includes a dielectric material which absorbs microwaves.
  • the dielectric material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of SiC (silicon carbide), TiO 2 (titanium oxide), ZnO (zinc oxide), CuO (copper oxide), NiO (nickel oxide), V 2 O 5 (vanadium oxide), ferrite, graphite, ZnO 2 (zinc peroxide) and SiH 2 , each of which has a dielectric constant of 10 or more.
  • the adsorbent and the dielectric material, which form the adsorption member 10 may be provided in any manner.
  • the adsorption member may be manufactured by mixing the adsorbent and the dielectric material to prepare a mixture and coating a support with the mixture, or by preparing a support having the dielectric material mixed therein and then coating the support with the adsorbent, or by coating a support with the dielectric material and then with the adsorbent.
  • the adsorption member 10 is described later with reference to FIG. 2, and the desorption unit 20 is described later with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • the purification unit 30 is responsible for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member 10 so that clean air is discharged to the outside or a portion of the clean air is fed into the adsorption member 10.
  • the detailed configuration and operation of the purification unit 30 are specified later with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9.
  • the air purifying device 1 may further include at least one pretreatment filter which is disposed before the adsorption member 10 and functions to remove particulate pollutants contained in air from the outside, and at least one post-treatment filter which is disposed after the adsorption member 10 and functions to remove particulate and gaseous pollutants remaining in air passed through the adsorption member 10.
  • the pretreatment filter may be an air filter, a medium filter, a HEPA filter, or an electrostatic filter such as an electrostatic precipitator
  • the post-treatment filter may be an activated carbon filter, an adhesive activated carbon filter, a HEPA filter, or an electrostatic filter.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the adsorption member of FIG. 1
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrate the operation of the desorption unit of FIG. 1
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate the desorption chamber.
  • the adsorption member 10 rotates discontinuously or continuously in a predetermined direction.
  • the adsorption member includes, on the plane thereof, an adsorption zone d1 onto which the gaseous pollutants are adsorbed, a desorption zone d2 in which the gaseous pollutants are desorbed by microwave heating, and a heat recovery zone d3 which recovers heat generated by microwave heating, depending on the rotation of the adsorption member.
  • the device according to the present invention may be operated such that the temperatures of the desorption zone d2 and the heat recovery zone d3 are 50 ⁇ 300°C and 40 ⁇ 240°C, respectively, by microwave heating.
  • the gaseous pollutants are adsorbed onto the adsorption zone d1, after which the adsorbed gaseous pollutants are continuously or intermittently desorbed in the desorption zone d2 by microwave heating, thus enabling repeated reproduction of the adsorption member due to adsorption and desorption of the gaseous pollutants. Furthermore, heat generated by microwave heating is recovered in the heat recovery zone d3, thus preventing the temperature of the adsorption member 10 from increasing. Thereby, the purification efficiency of the adsorption member 10 may be maintained.
  • the desorption unit 20 may include a microwave supply source 21 for generating a microwave to supply the microwave to the adsorption zone d2.
  • the air purifying device 1 may further include a desorption chamber 40 disposed between the adsorption member 10 and the microwave supply source 21 so that air fed into the heat recovery zone d3 is guided toward the desorption zone d2, and a waveguide tube 50 which is positioned between the desorption chamber 40 and the microwave supply source 21 and enables the microwave to be supplied to the desorption zone d2 from the microwave supply source 21 therethrough.
  • the desorption chamber 40 may include a barrier 42 for preventing the microwave passed through the waveguide tube 50 from being dispensed to the heat recovery zone d3.
  • the microwave When a microwave is applied toward the desorption zone d2 using the microwave supply source 21, the microwave is transferred to the desorption zone d2 through the waveguide tube 50 and the desorption chamber 40. As the temperature of the desorption zone d2 is increased by the microwave, the gaseous pollutants are desorbed from the desorption zone d2 by desorption air a3, and then air a4 containing the desorbed gaseous pollutants is supplied to the purification unit 30.
  • the reason why the desorption unit 20 desorbs the gaseous pollutants from the adsorbent of the adsorption member 10 by microwave heating is as follows.
  • desorbed air heated to 180 ⁇ 200°C at which the gaseous pollutants may be desorbed by a typical heating element such as a heater or a burner is supplied to the adsorption member 10 and then the gaseous pollutants are desorbed from the adsorbent by the heated desorbed air.
  • a typical heating element such as a heater or a burner
  • the amount of energy consumed by the heating element is greatly increased to heat the desorbed air, and a high flow rate of desorbed air is required to transfer energy so as to desorb the gaseous pollutants from the heated adsorption member 10.
  • the adsorption member 10 is directly heated by microwave heating, and desorbed air a3 is combined with air a21 heated by heat recovery by passing a portion a11 of air a1 containing the gaseous pollutants from the outside through the heat recovery zone d3 of the adsorption member 10, and then supplied to the desorption zone d2, thereby minimizing the amount of energy consumed to reach a temperature (e.g. 50 ⁇ 300°C) required to desorb the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member 10 and enabling desorption of the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member 10 even at a low flow rate (e.g. 10 ⁇ 20% compared to a conventional flow rate).
  • a temperature e.g. 50 ⁇ 300°C
  • the air purifying device 1 may further include an air heating unit 60 for additionally heating the air a21 heated by heat recovery by passing a portion a11 of the air containing the gaseous pollutants from the outside through the heat recovery zone d3 of the adsorption member 10, so that air having an increased heat value is supplied to the desorption zone d2.
  • the air heating unit 60 may be an electrical heater or a burner.
  • the desorption chamber 40 may include a barrier 42 for preventing a microwave which is supplied to the desorption zone d2 through the waveguide tube 50 from being leaked to the heat recovery zone d3.
  • the barrier 42 is preferably composed of a metal mesh or a metal perforated plate such that a microwave supplied to the desorption zone d2 is prevented from arriving at the heat recovery zone d3 and also air resistance is minimized when air a21 heated by heat recovery, which is supplied to the desorption zone d2 through the heat recovery zone d3 and the desorption chamber 40, is passed therethrough.
  • each of individual mesh apertures preferably has a size of 30 mm x 30 mm or less to block passage of the microwave.
  • the diameter of holes is preferably set to 30 mm or less.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 illustrate the operation of the purification unit of FIG. 1.
  • the purification unit 30 may include a catalytic part 31 for purifying air a4 containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member 10 by a catalytic reaction, and a heating element 33 for heating the catalytic part 31 using typical heating or microwave heating.
  • the catalytic part 31 may be composed of a support and a catalyst material which is applied onto the surface of the support and undergoes a catalytic reaction with the gaseous pollutants
  • the heating element 33 may include a heater or a burner upon typical heating, and may include a magnetron upon microwave heating.
  • the support may be a ceramic or metal support having ceramic foam, metal foam or a honeycombed structure
  • the catalyst material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium and palladium, or at least one selected from the group consisting of transition metals of Groups 3 to 12, such as titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, molybdenum, silver, tungsten and gold.
  • the catalytic part 31 when the catalytic part 31 is heated by the heating element using microwave heating, the catalytic part 31 may further include a dielectric material which is applied onto the surface of the support and increases the temperature of the catalytic part 31 via reaction with the microwave, in addition to the catalyst material.
  • the dielectric material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of SiC (silicon carbide), TiO 2 (titanium oxide), ZnO (zinc oxide), CuO (copper oxide), NiO (nickel oxide), V 2 O 5 (vanadium oxide), ferrite, graphite, ZnO 2 (zinc peroxide) and SiH 2 .
  • the catalytic part 31 may be formed by mixing the catalyst material and the dielectric material to prepare a mixture and then coating the support with the mixture, or by preparing a support having the dielectric material mixed therein and then coating it with the catalyst material, or by coating the support with the dielectric material and then with the catalyst material.
  • the desorption zone d2 of the adsorption member 10 is microwave-heated by the microwave supplied to the desorption zone d2 of the adsorption member 10 from the desorption unit 20.
  • a level e.g. 180 ⁇ 200°C
  • the gaseous pollutants are desorbed from the desorption zone d2 by the desorbed air a3, and air a4 containing the gaseous pollutants is fed into the catalytic part 31.
  • the catalytic part 31 is heated by the heating element 33 and then carries out a catalytic reaction with the gaseous pollutants to purify the gaseous pollutants, and air a5 in which the gaseous pollutants have been purified through the catalytic part 31 is discharged to the outside, or a portion a6 of the air a5 is combined with the air a1 from the outside and is then supplied to the adsorption member 10.
  • the reason why the portion a6 of the air a5 in which the gaseous pollutants have been purified through the catalytic part 31 is supplied to the adsorption member 10 is that, in the course of passing through the catalytic part 31, pollutant residues which are not completely purified and may be left behind in the air a5 passed through the catalytic part 31 are prevented from being discharged to the outside.
  • the purification unit 30 may further include, in addition to the catalytic part 31 and the heating element 33, a condensing part 35 disposed before or after the catalytic part 31 to condense air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member 10 or condense air passed through the catalytic part 31, and the condensing part 35 may be a heat exchanger or a cooler.
  • air a4 containing the gaseous pollutants is fed into the condensing part 35 and then condensed and thus dewatered, and air a5 passed through the condensing part 35 is fed into the catalytic part 31 heated by the heating element 33 and then undergoes a catalytic reaction to purify the gaseous pollutants contained in the air a5 passed through the condensing part 35, after which air a6 in which the gaseous pollutants have been purified is discharged to the outside, or a portion a7 of the air a6 is combined with the air a1 from the outside and then supplied to the adsorption member 10.
  • the reason why the condensing part 35 is additionally provided before or after the catalytic part 31 is that the heated air a5 in which the gaseous pollutants have been purified through the catalytic part 31 is cooled, after which a portion a7 of the cooled air is combined with the air a1 from the outside and then supplied to the adsorption member 10, thereby effectively lowering the temperature of the heat recovery zone d3 heated by microwave heating in the course of passing a portion a11 of the air a1 from the outside through the heat recovery zone d3.

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Abstract

This invention relates to an air purifying filter with a desorption unit using microwave heating and an air purifying device using the same. The air purifying device includes an adsorption member for adsorbing gaseous pollutants contained in air from the outside, a desorption unit for desorbing the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member by microwave heating, and a purification unit for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member, wherein adsorption and desorption of the gaseous pollutants in polluted air from the outside are continuously or intermittently carried out in the adsorption member, and thus the adsorption member is reproducible, thereby maintaining the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption member and remarkably increasing the lifetime thereof.

Description

AIR PURIFYING FILTER WITH DESORPTION UNIT USING MICROWAVE HEATING AND AIR PURIFYING DEVICE USING THE SAME
The present invention relates to an air purifying filter with a desorption unit using microwave heating and an air purifying device using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to an air purifying filter with a desorption unit using microwave heating and to an air purifying device using the same, wherein purification efficiency of gaseous pollutants contained in polluted air may be remarkably increased.
Typically, an air purifying device has been widely utilized in providing cleaned air by treating pollutants such as bacteria, offensive odors, volatile organic compounds or harmful substances contained in air of houses, multi-use facilities, industrial sites, etc.
Such an air purifying device includes a plurality of filters for treating particulate matter such as dust or bacteria and a deodorization filter for treating gaseous materials such as offensive odors, volatile organic compounds and harmful substances. In the case of the filter for treating particulate matter, a filter with a sieving effect for particles and an electrostatic filter such as an electrostatic precipitator using static electricity are being utilized.
Also, in the case of the deodorization filter for treating gaseous materials, a fixed-bed adsorption filter using an active carbon and zeolite and an ozone oxidation filter using ozone are mainly applyed.
However, in the case of the fixed-bed adsorption filter, an equilibrium adsorption force is decreased at low concentration, and predetermined components are adsorbed via physical bonding and thus re-desorption may occur under external conditions including external temperature, concentration, etc., and furthermore, reproducible performance is not achieved, undesirably limiting the lifetime of the filter.
Also, in the case of the ozone oxidation filter using ozone, which is a system using ozone oxidation power, extended use thereof is possible without exchange of the filter. However, when unreacted ozone is discharged to the outside due to the use of ozone which is an environmental pollutant, asthma and allergies may be caused undesirably.
Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an air purifying filter with a desorption unit using microwave heating and an air purifying device using the same, wherein purification efficiency of gaseous pollutants contained in air from the outside may be uniformly maintained for a long period of time.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an air purifying filter with a desorption unit using microwave heating and an air purifying device using the same, wherein a flow rate and energy consumption required to desorb the adsorbed gaseous pollutants may be minimized
In order to accomplish the above objects, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an air purifying device, including an adsorption member for adsorbing gaseous pollutants contained in air from the outside, a desorption unit for desorbing the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member by microwave heating, and a purification unit for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member.
In the present invention, the adsorption member may rotate discontinuously or continuously in a predetermined direction, and may include an adsorption zone onto which the gaseous pollutants are adsorbed, a desorption zone in which the adsorbed gaseous pollutants are desorbed by microwave heating, and a heat recovery zone which recovers heat generated by microwave heating.
Also, the desorption unit may include a microwave supply source for supplying a microwave to the desorption zone.
Also, the air purifying device may further include a desorption chamber disposed between the adsorption member and the desorption unit so that air fed into the heat recovery zone is guided toward the desorption zone.
Also, the desorption chamber may include a barrier for preventing the microwave from being dispensed to the heat recovery zone.
The purification unit may include a catalytic part for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member by a catalytic reaction, and a heating element for heating the catalytic part by conventional heating or microwave heating.
The purification unit may further include a condensing part arranged before or after the catalytic part so as to condense air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member or condense air passed through the catalytic part.
The adsorption member may be fabricated with at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, zeolite, alumina-silica and activated carbon, having high adsorption performance for gaseous materials. As such, the adsorption member may be molded in any form such as a foam structure or a honeycombed structure to ensure air permeability.
Alternatively, the adsorption member may be provided in the form of any support having high air permeability being coated with at least one adsorbent selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, zeolite, alumina-silica and activated carbon. As such, the support may be composed of metal foam or ceramic foam, or a honeycombed ceramic or metal. Furthermore, the support may have a structure resulting from bending or extruding a metal.
Also, the absorption member may include a dielectric material. The dielectric material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of SiC, TiO2, ZnO, CuO, NiO, V2O5, ferrite, graphite, ZnO2 and SiH2, each of which has a dielectric constant of 10 or more.
Also, the catalytic part may be formed of a catalyst material for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member by a catalytic reaction.
The catalyst material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium and palladium, or at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, molybdenum, silver, tungsten and gold.
Furthermore, the catalytic part may include a dielectric material which is applied onto the surface of the support and increases the temperature of the adsorption member via reaction with the microwave.
In addition, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an air purifying filter, including an adsorption member for adsorbing gaseous pollutants contained in air from the outside, and a desorption unit for desorbing the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member by microwave heating.
The adsorption member may rotate discontinuously or continuously in a predetermined direction, and may include an adsorption zone onto which the gaseous pollutants are adsorbed, a desorption zone in which the adsorbed gaseous pollutants are desorbed by microwave heating, and a heat recovery zone which recovers heat generated by microwave heating.
The air purifying filter may further include a desorption chamber disposed between the adsorption member and the desorption unit so that air fed into the heat recovery zone is guided toward the desorption zone.
The desorption chamber may include a barrier for preventing the microwave from being dispensed to the heat recovery zone.
According to the present invention, because adsorption and desorption of gaseous pollutants in polluted air from the outside are carried out continuously or intermittently in an adsorption member, the adsorption member is reproducible, thus maintaining the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption member and greatly increasing the lifetime thereof.
Also, because adsorbed gaseous pollutants are desorbed by microwave heating, a flow rate required to desorb the adsorbed gaseous pollutants can be minimized.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an air purifying device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating an adsorption member of FIG. 1;
FIGS. 3 to 5 are views illustrating the operation of a desorption unit of FIG. 1;
FIGS. 6A and 6B are top plan views illustrating a desorption chamber of FIG. 3; and
FIGS. 7 to 9 are views illustrating the operation of a purification unit of FIG. 1.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the appended drawings. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements. In the following description, it is to be noted that, when the functions of conventional elements and the detailed description of elements related with the present invention may make the gist of the present invention unclear, a detailed description of those elements will be omitted. Also, the scope and spirit of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described hereinbelow, which are provided for allowing those skilled in the art to more clearly comprehend the present invention. Furthermore, the following description should be understood to include all variations, equivalents or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an air purifying device with a desorption unit using microwave heating according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the air purifying device 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an adsorption member 10, a desorption unit 20 and a purification unit 30.
The adsorption member 10 plays a role in adsorbing gaseous pollutants contained in air from the outside, and the desorption unit 20 functions to desorb the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member 10 by microwave heating.
In the present invention, the adsorption member may be fabricated with at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, zeolite, alumina-silica and activated carbon, having high adsorption performance for gaseous materials. As such, the adsorption member may be fabricated in any form such as a foam structure or a honeycombed structure to ensure air permeability.
Alternatively, the adsorption member may be provided in the form of any support having high air permeability being coated with at least one adsorbent selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, zeolite, alumina-silica and activated carbon. As such, the support may be composed of metal foam or ceramic foam, or a honeycombed ceramic or metal molded body. Furthermore, the support may be molded via bending or extrusion of a metal or ceramic.
In the present invention, the adsorption member 10 includes a dielectric material which absorbs microwaves. The dielectric material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of SiC (silicon carbide), TiO2 (titanium oxide), ZnO (zinc oxide), CuO (copper oxide), NiO (nickel oxide), V2O5 (vanadium oxide), ferrite, graphite, ZnO2 (zinc peroxide) and SiH2, each of which has a dielectric constant of 10 or more.
In the present invention, the adsorbent and the dielectric material, which form the adsorption member 10, may be provided in any manner. For example, the adsorption member may be manufactured by mixing the adsorbent and the dielectric material to prepare a mixture and coating a support with the mixture, or by preparing a support having the dielectric material mixed therein and then coating the support with the adsorbent, or by coating a support with the dielectric material and then with the adsorbent.
The adsorption member 10 is described later with reference to FIG. 2, and the desorption unit 20 is described later with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.
Returning to FIG. 1, the purification unit 30 is responsible for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member 10 so that clean air is discharged to the outside or a portion of the clean air is fed into the adsorption member 10. The detailed configuration and operation of the purification unit 30 are specified later with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9.
Although not shown, the air purifying device 1 according to the present invention may further include at least one pretreatment filter which is disposed before the adsorption member 10 and functions to remove particulate pollutants contained in air from the outside, and at least one post-treatment filter which is disposed after the adsorption member 10 and functions to remove particulate and gaseous pollutants remaining in air passed through the adsorption member 10. The pretreatment filter may be an air filter, a medium filter, a HEPA filter, or an electrostatic filter such as an electrostatic precipitator, and the post-treatment filter may be an activated carbon filter, an adhesive activated carbon filter, a HEPA filter, or an electrostatic filter.
FIG. 2 illustrates the adsorption member of FIG. 1, FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrate the operation of the desorption unit of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate the desorption chamber.
As illustrated in FIG. 2, the adsorption member 10 rotates discontinuously or continuously in a predetermined direction. The adsorption member includes, on the plane thereof, an adsorption zone d1 onto which the gaseous pollutants are adsorbed, a desorption zone d2 in which the gaseous pollutants are desorbed by microwave heating, and a heat recovery zone d3 which recovers heat generated by microwave heating, depending on the rotation of the adsorption member.
The device according to the present invention may be operated such that the temperatures of the desorption zone d2 and the heat recovery zone d3 are 50 ~ 300°C and 40 ~ 240°C, respectively, by microwave heating.
In the case of the adsorption member 10 thus configured, the gaseous pollutants are adsorbed onto the adsorption zone d1, after which the adsorbed gaseous pollutants are continuously or intermittently desorbed in the desorption zone d2 by microwave heating, thus enabling repeated reproduction of the adsorption member due to adsorption and desorption of the gaseous pollutants. Furthermore, heat generated by microwave heating is recovered in the heat recovery zone d3, thus preventing the temperature of the adsorption member 10 from increasing. Thereby, the purification efficiency of the adsorption member 10 may be maintained.
Also, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the desorption unit 20 may include a microwave supply source 21 for generating a microwave to supply the microwave to the adsorption zone d2. The air purifying device 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention may further include a desorption chamber 40 disposed between the adsorption member 10 and the microwave supply source 21 so that air fed into the heat recovery zone d3 is guided toward the desorption zone d2, and a waveguide tube 50 which is positioned between the desorption chamber 40 and the microwave supply source 21 and enables the microwave to be supplied to the desorption zone d2 from the microwave supply source 21 therethrough. Also, the desorption chamber 40 may include a barrier 42 for preventing the microwave passed through the waveguide tube 50 from being dispensed to the heat recovery zone d3.
Below is a detailed description of the operation of the desorption unit 20 with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
When air a1 containing gaseous pollutants, fed from the outside, is passed through the adsorption zone d1, the gaseous pollutants are adsorbed onto the adsorption zone d1 and thus the resulting clean air a2 is discharged to the outside, and the gaseous pollutants adsorbed onto the adsorption zone d1 are positioned in the desorption zone d2 via discontinuous or continuous rotation of the adsorption member 10.
When a microwave is applied toward the desorption zone d2 using the microwave supply source 21, the microwave is transferred to the desorption zone d2 through the waveguide tube 50 and the desorption chamber 40. As the temperature of the desorption zone d2 is increased by the microwave, the gaseous pollutants are desorbed from the desorption zone d2 by desorption air a3, and then air a4 containing the desorbed gaseous pollutants is supplied to the purification unit 30.
As such, when a portion a11 of the air a1 containing the gaseous pollutants from the outside is passed through the heat recovery zone d3, air a21 heated by heat recovery may be fed into the desorption chamber 40, and thus the desorbed air a3 may be combined with the air a21 heated by heat recovery, and then supplied to the desorption zone d2.
The reason why the desorption unit 20 desorbs the gaseous pollutants from the adsorbent of the adsorption member 10 by microwave heating is as follows.
Conventionally, desorbed air heated to 180 ~ 200°C at which the gaseous pollutants may be desorbed by a typical heating element such as a heater or a burner is supplied to the adsorption member 10 and then the gaseous pollutants are desorbed from the adsorbent by the heated desorbed air. In this case, the amount of energy consumed by the heating element is greatly increased to heat the desorbed air, and a high flow rate of desorbed air is required to transfer energy so as to desorb the gaseous pollutants from the heated adsorption member 10.
On the other hand, in the case where microwave heating is applied, the adsorption member 10 is directly heated by microwave heating, and desorbed air a3 is combined with air a21 heated by heat recovery by passing a portion a11 of air a1 containing the gaseous pollutants from the outside through the heat recovery zone d3 of the adsorption member 10, and then supplied to the desorption zone d2, thereby minimizing the amount of energy consumed to reach a temperature (e.g. 50 ~ 300°C) required to desorb the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member 10 and enabling desorption of the gaseous pollutants from the adsorption member 10 even at a low flow rate (e.g. 10 ~ 20% compared to a conventional flow rate).
As illustrated in FIG. 5, the air purifying device 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention may further include an air heating unit 60 for additionally heating the air a21 heated by heat recovery by passing a portion a11 of the air containing the gaseous pollutants from the outside through the heat recovery zone d3 of the adsorption member 10, so that air having an increased heat value is supplied to the desorption zone d2. As such, the air heating unit 60 may be an electrical heater or a burner.
As illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the desorption chamber 40 may include a barrier 42 for preventing a microwave which is supplied to the desorption zone d2 through the waveguide tube 50 from being leaked to the heat recovery zone d3. The barrier 42 is preferably composed of a metal mesh or a metal perforated plate such that a microwave supplied to the desorption zone d2 is prevented from arriving at the heat recovery zone d3 and also air resistance is minimized when air a21 heated by heat recovery, which is supplied to the desorption zone d2 through the heat recovery zone d3 and the desorption chamber 40, is passed therethrough. For example, in the case of the metal mesh, each of individual mesh apertures preferably has a size of 30 mm x 30 mm or less to block passage of the microwave. In the case of the metal perforated plate, the diameter of holes is preferably set to 30 mm or less.
FIGS. 7 to 9 illustrate the operation of the purification unit of FIG. 1.
As illustrated in FIG. 7, the purification unit 30 may include a catalytic part 31 for purifying air a4 containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member 10 by a catalytic reaction, and a heating element 33 for heating the catalytic part 31 using typical heating or microwave heating.
As such, the catalytic part 31 may be composed of a support and a catalyst material which is applied onto the surface of the support and undergoes a catalytic reaction with the gaseous pollutants, and the heating element 33 may include a heater or a burner upon typical heating, and may include a magnetron upon microwave heating.
More specifically, the support may be a ceramic or metal support having ceramic foam, metal foam or a honeycombed structure, and the catalyst material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium and palladium, or at least one selected from the group consisting of transition metals of Groups 3 to 12, such as titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, molybdenum, silver, tungsten and gold.
Also, when the catalytic part 31 is heated by the heating element using microwave heating, the catalytic part 31 may further include a dielectric material which is applied onto the surface of the support and increases the temperature of the catalytic part 31 via reaction with the microwave, in addition to the catalyst material.
The dielectric material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of SiC (silicon carbide), TiO2 (titanium oxide), ZnO (zinc oxide), CuO (copper oxide), NiO (nickel oxide), V2O5 (vanadium oxide), ferrite, graphite, ZnO2 (zinc peroxide) and SiH2.
Accordingly, in the case where the heating element using microwave heating is applied, the catalytic part 31 may be formed by mixing the catalyst material and the dielectric material to prepare a mixture and then coating the support with the mixture, or by preparing a support having the dielectric material mixed therein and then coating it with the catalyst material, or by coating the support with the dielectric material and then with the catalyst material.
With reference to FIG. 7, a process of purifying air a4 containing the gaseous pollutants by the purification unit 30 is specified below.
The desorption zone d2 of the adsorption member 10 is microwave-heated by the microwave supplied to the desorption zone d2 of the adsorption member 10 from the desorption unit 20. Thereby, when the temperature of the desorption zone d2 is increased up to a level (e.g. 180 ~ 200°C) at which the gaseous pollutants may be desorbed, the gaseous pollutants are desorbed from the desorption zone d2 by the desorbed air a3, and air a4 containing the gaseous pollutants is fed into the catalytic part 31.
The catalytic part 31 is heated by the heating element 33 and then carries out a catalytic reaction with the gaseous pollutants to purify the gaseous pollutants, and air a5 in which the gaseous pollutants have been purified through the catalytic part 31 is discharged to the outside, or a portion a6 of the air a5 is combined with the air a1 from the outside and is then supplied to the adsorption member 10.
As such, the reason why the portion a6 of the air a5 in which the gaseous pollutants have been purified through the catalytic part 31 is supplied to the adsorption member 10 is that, in the course of passing through the catalytic part 31, pollutant residues which are not completely purified and may be left behind in the air a5 passed through the catalytic part 31 are prevented from being discharged to the outside.
Also, as illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9, the purification unit 30 may further include, in addition to the catalytic part 31 and the heating element 33, a condensing part 35 disposed before or after the catalytic part 31 to condense air containing the gaseous pollutants desorbed from the adsorption member 10 or condense air passed through the catalytic part 31, and the condensing part 35 may be a heat exchanger or a cooler.
Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 8, in the case where the condensing part 35 is disposed before the catalytic part 31, air a4 containing the gaseous pollutants is fed into the condensing part 35 and then condensed and thus dewatered, and air a5 passed through the condensing part 35 is fed into the catalytic part 31 heated by the heating element 33 and then undergoes a catalytic reaction to purify the gaseous pollutants contained in the air a5 passed through the condensing part 35, after which air a6 in which the gaseous pollutants have been purified is discharged to the outside, or a portion a7 of the air a6 is combined with the air a1 from the outside and then supplied to the adsorption member 10.
As illustrated in FIG. 9, in the case where the condensing part 35 is disposed after the catalytic part 31, air a5 in which the gaseous pollutants have been purified through the catalytic part 31 is fed into the condensing part 35 and thus dewatered, after which the resulting air a6 is discharged to the outside or a portion a7 of the air a6 is combined with the air a1 from the outside and then supplied to the adsorption member 10.
As such, the reason why the condensing part 35 is additionally provided before or after the catalytic part 31 is that the heated air a5 in which the gaseous pollutants have been purified through the catalytic part 31 is cooled, after which a portion a7 of the cooled air is combined with the air a1 from the outside and then supplied to the adsorption member 10, thereby effectively lowering the temperature of the heat recovery zone d3 heated by microwave heating in the course of passing a portion a11 of the air a1 from the outside through the heat recovery zone d3.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.

Claims (13)

  1. An air purifying device, comprising:
    an adsorption member for adsorbing a gaseous pollutant contained in air from outside;
    a desorption unit for desorbing the gaseous pollutant from the adsorption member by microwave heating; and
    a purification unit for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutant desorbed from the adsorption member.
  2. The air purifying device of claim 1, wherein the adsorption member rotates discontinuously or continuously in a predetermined direction, and includes an adsorption zone onto which the gaseous pollutant is adsorbed, a desorption zone in which the adsorbed gaseous pollutant is desorbed by microwave heating, and a heat recovery zone which recovers heat generated by microwave heating.
  3. The air purifying device of claim 2, wherein the desorption unit comprises a microwave supply source for supplying a microwave to the desorption zone.
  4. The air purifying device of claim 2, further comprising a desorption chamber disposed between the adsorption member and the desorption unit so that air fed into the heat recovery zone is guided toward the desorption zone.
  5. The air purifying device of claim 4, wherein the desorption chamber comprises a barrier for preventing the microwave from being supplied to the heat recovery zone.
  6. The air purifying device of claim 1, wherein the purification unit comprises a catalytic part for purifying air containing the gaseous pollutant desorbed from the adsorption member by a catalytic reaction, or comprises a heating element using conventional heating or microwave heating.
  7. The air purifying device of claim 6, wherein the purification unit further comprises a condensing part positioned before or after the catalytic part so as to condense air containing the gaseous pollutant desorbed from the adsorption member or condense air passed through the catalytic part.
  8. The air purifying device of claim 1, wherein the adsorption member comprises a dielectric material which increases a temperature of the adsorption member via reaction with the microwave.
  9. The air purifying device of claim 8, wherein the dielectric material comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of SiC, TiO2, ZnO, CuO, NiO, V2O5, ferrite, graphite, ZnO2 and SiH2, each of which has a dielectric constant of 10 or more.
  10. An air purifying filter, comprising:
    an adsorption member for adsorbing a gaseous pollutant contained in air from outside; and
    a desorption unit for desorbing the gaseous pollutant from the adsorption member by microwave heating.
  11. The air purifying filter of claim 10, wherein the adsorption member rotates discontinuously or continuously in a predetermined direction, and includes an adsorption zone onto which the gaseous pollutant is adsorbed, a desorption zone in which the adsorbed gaseous pollutant is desorbed by microwave heating, and a heat recovery zone which recovers heat generated by microwave heating.
  12. The air purifying filter of claim 11, further comprising a desorption chamber disposed between the adsorption member and the desorption unit so that air fed into the heat recovery zone is guided toward the desorption zone.
  13. The air purifying filter of claim 12, wherein the desorption chamber comprises a barrier for preventing a microwave from being supplied to the heat recovery zone.
PCT/KR2014/002952 2013-04-16 2014-04-07 Air purifying filter with desorption unit using microwave heating and air purifying device using the same WO2014171657A1 (en)

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