WO2014154395A1 - Débitmètre magnéto-inductif - Google Patents

Débitmètre magnéto-inductif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014154395A1
WO2014154395A1 PCT/EP2014/052990 EP2014052990W WO2014154395A1 WO 2014154395 A1 WO2014154395 A1 WO 2014154395A1 EP 2014052990 W EP2014052990 W EP 2014052990W WO 2014154395 A1 WO2014154395 A1 WO 2014154395A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring
voltages
electrodes
measurement
pairs
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/052990
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas KÜNG
Günther Bähr
Frank Voigt
Original Assignee
Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag filed Critical Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag
Publication of WO2014154395A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014154395A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/56—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects
    • G01F1/58—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by electromagnetic flowmeters
    • G01F1/584—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by electromagnetic flowmeters constructions of electrodes, accessories therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/56—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects
    • G01F1/58—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by electromagnetic flowmeters
    • G01F1/60—Circuits therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a magnetic-inductive flowmeter according to the
  • DE 10 2006 014 679 A1 discloses a measuring tube with a plurality of measuring electrode pairs connected in series with each other.
  • DE 29 500 84 A1 serves the purpose of preventing a reduced measuring voltage, provided that the medium acts as a load outside of the magnetic field.
  • Measuring electrode pairs operated with the potential of the middle measuring electrode pairs.
  • JP 54139756 discloses a filtering of the analog measurement signal for AC / DC components by means of a high-pass or bandpass filter. Such circuits can produce a measurement error due to parasitic effects in components.
  • JP56135118 discloses a multiple electrode arrangement for the purpose of improving the linearity of the meter. In this case, several measuring electrodes are outside the actual magnetic field
  • JP 50 66 138 describes a capacitive tap of a measuring signal at a measuring electrode.
  • the capacitive tap is a different method from the conductive tap - for example, because the capacitive tap always requires a minimum electrode area for the tap.
  • US 5398553 discloses a multiple electrode arrangement which eliminates the occurrence of
  • EP 0 305 609 discloses a multi-electrode arrangement for eliminating the influence of variable flow profiles on the measurement result. Based on the aforementioned prior art, it is now an object of the present invention, the measurement performance in media with low conductivities and / or high
  • a magnetic-inductive flowmeter has components.
  • One of the components of the flowmeter is a measuring tube with a measuring tube axis.
  • This measuring tube may be made of plastic or metal, with an inner insulating plastic coating, the so-called liner or possibly also of ceramic.
  • Further components of the flowmeter are at least two coil systems opposing each other diametrically on the measuring tube for the purpose of forming a magnetic field, which are typically connected to one another by field feedback systems.
  • a coil system may in particular be a magnetic coil, which optionally has a metallic coil core.
  • air coils there are also known air coils.
  • first pair of measuring electrodes with two measuring electrodes diametrically opposite one another on the measuring tube, which form a first connecting axis, which runs essentially perpendicular to the magnetic field.
  • the measuring electrode pair has two measuring electrodes diametrically opposed to the measuring tube, which form a second connecting axis which is arranged substantially along the measuring tube axis parallel to the first connecting axis and which lies within the magnetic field.
  • the flowmeter has a control and / or regulating unit, for generating a magnetic field by a clocked DC alternating polarity through the
  • the flowmeter has a circuit arrangement with an evaluation unit for determining a flow rate and / or the volume flow rate of a measured medium.
  • the measuring electrode pairs are connected to the evaluation unit such that a parallel tapping of measuring voltages takes place from the first and from the second pair of measuring electrodes.
  • Measuring electrodes are thus connected in parallel with each other.
  • the circuit arrangement is designed such that it carries out the following method steps:
  • step I a separate galvanic tapping of measuring voltages of each of the
  • step II the amplification and / or impedance conversion of individual measured voltages of each individual pair of measuring electrodes takes place or by the parallel tapping of a plurality of measuring electrode pairs together.
  • step III an offset correction and optionally further amplification of the
  • step III both AC voltage and DC voltage components of the measuring voltages are offset corrected, wherein by the
  • Circuit arrangement an optimization of the signal-to-noise ratio of the measuring voltage of each individual measuring electrode pair or the common measuring voltage of all measuring electrode pairs takes place;
  • Measuring electrode pair having two diametrically opposed measuring electrodes, which form a third connection axis, which is arranged substantially along the Meßrohrachse parallel to the first connection axis and which lies within the magnetic field.
  • the second and / or the third measuring electrode pair has measuring electrodes which differ in their geometric shape and / or in their material composition from the first measuring electrode pair. As a result, a different weighting of the measured voltages can be achieved with changing medium or flow conditions. It is furthermore advantageous if the evaluation unit comprising the circuit arrangement is configured such that at least measuring voltages of one of the measuring electrode pairs are amplified and offset corrected independently of the measuring voltages of the other measuring electrode pairs. It is advantageous if the evaluation unit comprehensive circuit arrangement is designed such that at least measured voltages of one of the measuring electrode pairs regardless of the measuring voltages of the other measuring electrode pairs amplified, offset corrected and converted analog to digital.
  • the evaluation unit comprehensive circuit arrangement is configured such that the measurement voltages of two of the measuring electrode pairs offset-corrected according to their separate gain as a common measuring voltage and an A D converter are supplied and measuring voltages of a third of the measuring electrode pairs the A D - Converters are supplied separately.
  • evaluation unit comprehensive circuit arrangement is designed such that measuring voltages of each pair of measuring electrodes regardless of the measured voltages of the other pairs of measuring electrodes amplified, offset-corrected and converted analog to digital.
  • the circuit arrangement is advantageously designed such that the circuit arrangement effects a weighted amplification and / or addition of measuring voltages of one of the measuring electrode pairs with respect to the measuring voltages of the further measuring electrode pairs.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a magneto-inductive according to the invention
  • Fig. 2a-f possible circuitry for tapping the measurement voltages to the
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of various electrode structures.
  • Flow meter are known per se. According to Faraday's law of induction, a voltage is induced in a conductor moving in a magnetic field. Magnetic inductive measuring principle, the flowing medium corresponds to the moving conductor. A magnetic field of constant intensity is generated by two field coils on either side of a measuring tube.
  • Magnetic-inductive flowmeters with coil arrangements with more than two field coils and other geometrical arrangements are known.
  • the quality of a measurement by means of a magnetic-inductive flowmeter can be characterized among other things by the mean measurement deviation and the measured value dispersion.
  • the measured value dispersion is, for example, on the type of medium and the
  • the standard deviation of successive measurements should be as low as possible.
  • Interference signal component which makes up each measuring voltage - leads to a reduction in the measured value spread and to an increase in the bandwidth of the measurement.
  • the solution for optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio of a measuring voltage consists in a redundant tapping of the measuring voltage by means of several measuring electrode pairs.
  • the connecting axes of the respective measuring electrode pairs run along the
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of a magnetic-inductive according to the invention
  • This flowmeter has a measuring tube 1, which For example, as a plastic measuring tube or as a steel measuring tube is present, which is lined with an insulating plastic layer, the so-called liner.
  • the measuring tube 1 has at least two, preferably three or more measuring electrode pairs 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, which on a common plane, the measuring electrode plane, the
  • Measuring tube axis cuts are arranged.
  • the connecting axes of the measuring electrode pairs 2a, 2b, 2c are arranged parallel to each other one behind the other on the measuring tube 1.
  • the distance between the measuring electrodes is variably selectable. However, it is limited by the effective extent of the magnetic field. This magnetic field is through at least two
  • the measuring electrodes 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 transmit on signal paths 3 the determined voltage as a function of the flow velocity of the measuring medium to an evaluation unit 4. Furthermore, part of the magnetic-inductive flow meter is a coil current generation, which supplies the coil systems 5.1 and 5.2 with energy.
  • the measuring electrodes can be connected to the evaluation unit in different ways. These diagrams of the signal processing of the tapped at the measuring electrodes
  • FIGS. 2d-f represent preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 2d is a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 2a-2f show interconnected circuit elements.
  • the incoming voltage signals of the measuring electrodes 2.1-2.3 are forwarded via a differential amplifier 10 to an instrument amplifier 11, a so-called adder.
  • the instrumentation amplifier also allows impedance conversion.
  • the instrumentation amplifier is connected to an analog / digital converter 12 and optionally or additionally to a multiplexer.
  • the signal is sent to an evaluation unit 13, e.g. a digital evaluation in the form of a microcontroller passed.
  • an evaluation unit 13 e.g. a digital evaluation in the form of a microcontroller passed.
  • Fig. 4a illustrates a less preferred embodiment of an arrangement
  • the incoming signals are by a single Amplified differential amplifier and successively forwarded to an instrument amplifier, an A / D converter and an evaluation unit.
  • Fig. 2b illustrates a second less preferred embodiment of an arrangement
  • each of the incoming signals is amplified by means of a separate differential amplifier 10.
  • the gain can be weighted so that each individual type of measuring electrode is different in the total value.
  • Fig. 2c illustrates a third less preferred embodiment of an arrangement
  • each incoming signal by means of a separate
  • Amplified differential amplifier and instrumentation amplifier and converted by a common A / D converter. Also in this case, the gain of the signals can be weighted.
  • the weighted gain can be done depending on the measuring medium.
  • the measuring arrangement can have a plurality of different electrodes known per se. Various measuring electrodes used in the field of magnetic-inductive flow measurement are shown schematically in FIG.
  • the measuring electrode 5a is a standard measuring electrode, too
  • Called mushroom head electrode It is characterized by a dome-shaped surface in the direction of the measuring medium, which causes a slight influence on the flow of the medium.
  • the measuring electrode 5b is a tip electrode. This surface of this measuring electrode runs in the direction of the measuring medium pointed.
  • the tapered electrode shape allows a better measurement of scale-forming media.
  • the measuring electrode 5c is a so-called neck electrode. Their surface sticks out a few
  • the neck electrode is used for measuring media with low flow rates or flow rates.
  • the measuring electrode 5d is called a ironing electrode. It has two pin-like end portions, which protrude starting from the electrode body into the measuring medium.
  • Ironing electrode allows the measurement of solids laden liquids, such as fruit mash, and liquids with a high proportion of gas and corresponding gas bubbles.
  • the measuring electrode 5e is a tungsten carbide electrode, which sits flat on the measuring tube wall and is used in particular for the measurement of abrasive liquids, eg abrasive sludge. With larger proportions of solids in the medium, such as coarse sludge, it can cause vibration or damage to a rigid electrode. For this purpose, in particular a
  • Brush electrode 5f the electrode head is designed flexible.
  • other types of electrodes are known, for example, pin electrodes, sintered electrodes or alternating electrodes which can be used in the subject matter of the invention.
  • the measuring electrodes 2.1 and 2.2 are mushroom-head electrodes and a third measuring electrode 2.3 is a pointed electrode and if the medium is milk which can form a fatty coating on the electrodes, then it is advisable to use the signal of the pointed electrode in relation to the signal of FIG To weight or strengthen mushroom head electrodes stronger.
  • FIG. 2 d represents the most variable embodiment.
  • each measuring voltage is separated from the other measuring voltages by a differential amplifier and a
  • Amplified instrument amplifier offset-corrected and each converted by an analog / digital converter.
  • the converted digital signals are then supplied to the microcontroller, which optionally carries out a weighting of these signals.
  • the microcontroller optionally carries out a weighting of these signals.
  • Microcontroller supplied, whereby a separate evaluation of each signal can be done without information is lost by previous addition.
  • Fig. 2e shows an arrangement of circuit elements which allows two signals to be added by means of a single instrumentation amplifier, while another one
  • Measuring voltage is supplied via an independent path to circuit elements independently of the other two signals of the evaluation unit. This measurement signal can be used as
  • FIG. 2f shows an arrangement of circuit elements analogous to FIG. 2e, with the difference that the signals of the two instrument amplifiers are represented by a single A / D converter
  • the present invention enables tapping and addition of the analog AC and DC portions of the measurement voltage to reduce occurrence of measurement errors.
  • the purpose of the invention is to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio of the measured value.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio is generally referred to as the ratio of the useful signal to the interfering signal.
  • this disturbance can be suppressed in a first variant of the invention by superposition of a plurality of measuring voltages of different measuring electrode pairs. This can preferably be done in the case in which the measuring electrode pairs have different geometries (mushroom, pointed, ironing electrodes, etc.).
  • the signal-to-noise ratio can be optimized by mathematically superimposing the redundantly tapped signals.
  • the number of redundant paths multiplies.
  • disturbances in the addition do not necessarily increase to the same extent as the useful signal - for example, but only with the root of the redundant paths.
  • the redundancy of the signal paths can also be used to verify functional safety. This can be done, for example, for an arrangement of the circuit elements as in FIG. 2d in such a way that individual measured voltages of measuring electrodes are compared with one another by the evaluation unit and if a failure is detected if one of the three measured values deviates significantly from the other two measured values. This may mean a defect in the electrode or one of the circuit elements.
  • the measuring range of the magnetic-inductive measuring device can also be extended to media which only have a low conductivity own and therefore are difficult to detect due to the interference signals.
  • a decision software integrated in the evaluation unit can be compared by comparing the
  • Distortion margins of the individual measuring voltages also decide whether only one measuring voltage of a measuring electrode pair is to be used for the measurement or the measuring voltages of several measuring electrode pairs.
  • the voltage differences of the electrode pairs are optionally:
  • Voltage differences is done, a digital combination of the voltage differences with adaptation to the underlying fault.
  • the amount of the measuring voltages of the different pairs of measuring electrodes does not necessarily have to be the same.
  • it may include white noise averaging or median sporadic spiking
  • the coil systems are operated in a conventional manner by a clocked DC alternating polarity.
  • the detection of the measured voltages takes place in the present invention over the entire time measuring range.
  • the period during the switching of the polarity of the magnetic field is measured.
  • the DC component of an interference voltage flows into the measurement voltage.
  • Such an interference voltage can be generated, for example, since, depending on the nature of the electrode and the measuring medium, an electrochemical potential is formed on the surface of the electrode in contact with the medium. This generates a noise voltage, which can be up to 1, 2V and more.
  • the measuring voltages contain DC components and AC components. These are always present in the analog range of the measuring voltages.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un débitmètre magnéto-inductif comprenant plusieurs paires d'électrodes de mesure reliées à un module d'évaluation de telle façon que la première et la deuxième paire d'électrodes de mesure prélèvent des tensions de mesure en parallèle, l'agencement de circuit étant configuré pour exécuter les étapes de procédé suivantes : I) prélèvement galvanique de tensions de mesure sous la forme de tensions de signal de chacune des paires d'électrodes de mesure ; II) amplification et/ou conversion d'impédance d'une tension de mesure de chaque paire d'électrodes de mesure individuelle ou d'une tension de mesure commune par prélèvement en parallèle de plusieurs paires d'électrodes de mesure ; III) correction de décalage et le cas échéant nouvelle amplification de la tension de mesure de chaque paire d'électrodes de mesure individuelle ou de la tension de mesure commune des paires d'électrodes de mesure ; IV) conversion analogique/numérique de la tension de mesure de chaque paire d'électrodes de mesure individuelle ou de la tension de mesure commune des paires d'électrodes de mesure ; et V) détermination d'une vitesse d'écoulement et/ou d'un débit volumique au moyen de la ou des tensions de mesure à rapport signal/bruit optimisé. Lors de la correction de décalage et le cas échéant de l'amplification de la tension de mesure à l'étape III, les composantes alternatives et continues des tensions de mesure sont additionnées et l'agencement de circuit effectue une optimisation du rapport signal/bruit des tensions de mesure de chaque paire d'électrodes de mesure individuelle ou des tensions de mesure communes de l'ensemble des paires d'électrodes de mesure.
PCT/EP2014/052990 2013-03-28 2014-02-17 Débitmètre magnéto-inductif WO2014154395A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013103211.7 2013-03-28
DE102013103211.7A DE102013103211A1 (de) 2013-03-28 2013-03-28 Magnetisch-induktives Durchflussmessgerät

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WO2014154395A1 true WO2014154395A1 (fr) 2014-10-02

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013114427A1 (de) 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Anordnung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer durchflussbezogenen Messgröße
US11365995B2 (en) * 2018-09-28 2022-06-21 Georg Fischer Signet Llc Magnetic flowmeter including auxiliary electrodes upstream and downstream of the pair of measuring electrodes and an adjustable brace

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2225356A1 (de) * 1972-05-25 1973-12-06 Interatom Durchflussmesser fuer elektrisch leitende fluessigkeiten
JPS54139756A (en) * 1978-04-21 1979-10-30 Yokogawa Hokushin Electric Corp Electromagnetic flowmeter utilizing fluid noise
DE3537752A1 (de) * 1985-10-23 1987-04-23 Flowtec Ag Verfahren zur kompensation von stoerspannungen im elektrodenkreis bei der magnetisch-induktiven durchflussmessung
US5351554A (en) * 1991-06-08 1994-10-04 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Magnetoinductive flowmeter
EP0814324A1 (fr) * 1996-06-20 1997-12-29 Endress + Hauser Flowtec AG Systèmes d'amplificateur de mesure pour débitmètres électromagnétiques
DE102005028723A1 (de) * 2005-06-20 2006-12-28 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Magnetisch-induktives Durchflussmessgerät

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4899079A (fr) 1972-03-29 1973-12-15
DE2337316C3 (de) * 1973-07-23 1981-07-02 Special'noe konstruktorskoe bjuro magnitnoj gidrodinamiki institut fiziki Akademii Nauk Latvijskoj SSR, Riga Elektromagnetischer Durchflußmesser
DE2950084C2 (de) 1979-12-13 1991-01-03 Bopp & Reuther Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim Magnetisch-induktiver Durchflußmesser
JPS56135118A (en) 1980-03-27 1981-10-22 Hitachi Ltd Electromagnetic flow meter
DE3779315D1 (de) 1987-08-05 1992-06-25 Marsch Mcbirney Inc Durchschnittsgeschwindigkeitsaufnehmer zum messen des durchflusses einer fluessigkeit in einer leitung.
GB2236394B (en) 1989-09-26 1994-08-24 Foxboro Co Improvements in and relating to electromagnetic flowmeters
JPH0566138A (ja) 1991-09-09 1993-03-19 Toshiba Corp 電磁流量計
US6094992A (en) * 1997-05-15 2000-08-01 Flowtec Ag Method for electromagnetic flow measurement and a corresponding flowmeter
US7415892B2 (en) * 2006-03-24 2008-08-26 Wing Yin Lam Disposable flow chamber electro-magnetic flow sensor
DE102006014679A1 (de) 2006-03-28 2007-10-04 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Magnetisch-induktives Durchflussmessgerät

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2225356A1 (de) * 1972-05-25 1973-12-06 Interatom Durchflussmesser fuer elektrisch leitende fluessigkeiten
JPS54139756A (en) * 1978-04-21 1979-10-30 Yokogawa Hokushin Electric Corp Electromagnetic flowmeter utilizing fluid noise
DE3537752A1 (de) * 1985-10-23 1987-04-23 Flowtec Ag Verfahren zur kompensation von stoerspannungen im elektrodenkreis bei der magnetisch-induktiven durchflussmessung
US4704908A (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-11-10 Flowtec Ag Method for compensating interference voltages in the electrode circuit in magnetic-inductive flow measurement
US5351554A (en) * 1991-06-08 1994-10-04 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Magnetoinductive flowmeter
EP0814324A1 (fr) * 1996-06-20 1997-12-29 Endress + Hauser Flowtec AG Systèmes d'amplificateur de mesure pour débitmètres électromagnétiques
DE102005028723A1 (de) * 2005-06-20 2006-12-28 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Magnetisch-induktives Durchflussmessgerät

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