WO2014153878A1 - 显示面板及3d显示装置 - Google Patents

显示面板及3d显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014153878A1
WO2014153878A1 PCT/CN2013/077944 CN2013077944W WO2014153878A1 WO 2014153878 A1 WO2014153878 A1 WO 2014153878A1 CN 2013077944 W CN2013077944 W CN 2013077944W WO 2014153878 A1 WO2014153878 A1 WO 2014153878A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display panel
substrate
refractive layer
unit
disposed
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PCT/CN2013/077944
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王俊伟
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方显示技术有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方显示技术有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US14/348,674 priority Critical patent/US20150153581A1/en
Priority to EP13840132.8A priority patent/EP2983034A1/en
Publication of WO2014153878A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014153878A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/22Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G02B30/25Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a display panel and a 3D (3-dimensional) display device. Background technique
  • the mainstream 3D display technologies currently on the market are polarized and active shutter.
  • the polarized 3D display technology works by attaching a layer of FPR film or GPR structure, converting the light emitted by odd-numbered rows of pixel units and even-numbered rows of pixel units into left-handed and right-handed polarized light, respectively, and then through glasses with polarizing plates.
  • the light modulation effect causes the left eye and the right eye to receive different pictures respectively, resulting in a 3D effect. Due to the limitations of its working principle, it is usually necessary for the viewer to see a good 3D effect at a certain distance.
  • the projection of the viewer's eyes on the display panel is located in the center of the display panel.
  • the viewer's left eye not only sees the left.
  • the light emitted by the eye corresponding to the pixel unit 112 (hereinafter referred to as the left-eye pixel) also sees the light emitted by the right-eye corresponding pixel unit 112 (hereinafter referred to as the right-eye pixel) because of the FPR 115 corresponding to the left-eye pixel.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a display panel and a 3D display device to improve a 3D viewing distance.
  • the present invention provides a display panel comprising: a substrate, a pixel unit disposed on one side of the substrate, a black matrix disposed between any two adjacent pixel units, and a phase retardation film disposed on the other side of the substrate
  • the phase retardation film includes a plurality of phase delay units; one side of the substrate on which the phase retardation film is disposed is further provided with a refractive layer for causing light emitted by the pixel unit The direction of the horizontal centerline of the display panel is refracted.
  • the refractive layer adopts a concave lens; a surface of the concave lens adjacent to one side of the substrate is a plane, and a surface away from the side of the substrate is a curved surface, and a direction of extending the curved surface and the phase delay unit The length direction is vertical.
  • a surface of the refractive layer near one side of the substrate is a plane; a central area of a surface away from a side of the substrate is a plane, and a peripheral area along both sides of the horizontal center line of the display panel is a curved surface, and The peripheral region gradually increases in thickness from the horizontal center line to the both sides of the display panel.
  • the refractive layer includes at least two prism units symmetrically disposed on a horizontal axis of the display panel; the surface of the at least two prism units adjacent to the substrate is a plane away from the The surface on one side of the substrate is a slope, and the lower side of the slope is near the center of the display panel, and the high side of the slope is close to the edge of the display panel.
  • the projection of each of the prism elements on the phase retardation film covers at least one of the phase delay units.
  • the prism unit has a trapezoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the phase delay unit.
  • the refractive layer further includes a flat unit disposed corresponding to a central area of the display panel, and the at least two prism units are disposed on both sides of the flat unit; the flat unit has a uniform thickness The upper and lower surfaces are all planar, and the thickness of the flat unit is equal to or smaller than the minimum thickness of the prism unit.
  • the relevant parameters of the refractive layer satisfy the following formula:
  • the light emitted by the pixel unit enters the refractive layer and the refraction
  • ⁇ 2 represents the angle between the light entering the refractive layer and the normal of the surface of the refractive layer close to the substrate
  • ⁇ 3 An angle representing a normal to the surface of the refractive layer before the refractive layer and a side of the refractive layer away from the substrate
  • ⁇ 4 indicating that the light is emitted away from the refractive layer and away from the refractive layer
  • W represents the length of the display panel in the vertical direction
  • L represents the shortest distance from the display panel when the refractive layer is not provided
  • b represents the black
  • T represents the distance between the pixel unit and the refractive layer
  • represents the surface of the refractive layer away from the substrate side or the highest point of the surface of the refractive layer away from the substrate side
  • the refractive layer material is glass or resin.
  • Another aspect of the present invention also provides a 3D display device including the display panel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of crosstalk occurring in a conventional liquid crystal panel and a 3D television
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of improving the 3D viewing distance of the display panel of the present invention
  • Figure 3a is a partial optical path diagram of the display panel of the present invention.
  • Figure 3b is a schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the angle ⁇
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of increasing the viewing angle of the display panel of the present invention.
  • 5a to 5c are schematic structural views of a display panel according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a display panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a display panel according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. detailed description
  • Words such as “connected” or “connected” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. “Upper”, “Down”, “Left”, “Right”, etc. are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship. When the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
  • the display panel of this embodiment includes: a substrate 213, a pixel unit 212 disposed on the side of the substrate 213, a black matrix 211 disposed between any adjacent two of the pixel units 212, and A phase retardation film on the other side of the substrate 213, the phase retardation film includes a plurality of phase delay units 214.
  • a polarizing plate (not shown) may be disposed between the substrate 213 and the phase retardation film.
  • the display panel of the present embodiment is different from the conventional display panel shown in FIG. 1 in that a side of the substrate 213 on which the phase retardation film is disposed is further provided with a refractive layer 215, and the refractive layer 215 is the substrate 213.
  • a glass substrate can be used, and the phase delay unit 214 can adopt FPR.
  • the GPR processing may be directly designed as a refractive layer that refracts light emitted by the pixel unit toward a horizontal center line of the display panel, that is, according to the shape of the refractive layer.
  • the GPR is designed so that the refractive layer can be dispensed without additional attachment, which reduces the cost.
  • the refractive layer 215 can be made of glass Glass, resin and other materials.
  • the shortest distance from the interference-free area to the display panel can be shortened from the original L due to the refraction of light. It is L, that is, as long as the distance of the viewer's eyes to the display panel exceeds L, crosstalk is not felt, thereby improving the 3D viewing distance.
  • the black matrix 211 and the pixel unit 212 are disposed in the same plane, but they may be disposed on different planes.
  • the refractive layer of this embodiment employs a concave lens 215.
  • the surface of the concave lens 215 near the side of the substrate 213 is a plane, and the surface away from the side of the substrate 213 is a curved surface, and the extending direction of the curved surface is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the phase delay unit 214.
  • Figure 3a is a partial optical path diagram of the display panel of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 3a, the relevant parameters of the concave lens 215 satisfy the following formula:
  • the angle between the light emitted by the pixel unit 212 and the normal of the surface of the refractive layer 215 on the side close to the substrate 213 is entered, and ⁇ 2 indicates that the light enters the
  • An angle between the normal of the surface on the side of the substrate 213, ⁇ 4 represents an angle between the light rays exiting the refractive layer 215 and a normal to the surface of the refractive layer 215 away from the substrate 213.
  • W represents the length of the display panel in the vertical direction
  • L represents the shortest distance from the display panel when the refraction layer 215 is not provided
  • b represents the width of the black matrix 211
  • T represents the pixel unit.
  • the distance between 212 and the refractive layer 215, ⁇ represents the angle between the tangent plane of the highest point of the surface of the refractive layer away from the substrate or the surface of the refractive layer away from the side of the substrate and the horizontal plane L represents the shortest distance from the display panel without the crosstalk region after the refractive layer is disposed, 1 denotes the refractive index of the refractive layer 215 with respect to air, and ⁇ 32 denotes the phase retardation film with respect to the refractive layer 215 Refractive index.
  • the material of the concave lens 215 i.e., the refractive index of the concave lens 215 is determined
  • the plane of the tangential plane of the concave lens 215 away from the surface of the substrate 213-side is determined
  • Fig. 3b is a schematic diagram showing the calculation principle of the angle ⁇ . As shown in Fig. 3b, when the surface of the concave lens 215 from the side of the substrate 213 is an arc, ⁇ and the radius R of the arc satisfy the following formula:
  • W represents the length of the display panel in the vertical direction.
  • the concave lens 215 away from the substrate 213 is a non-circular curved surface
  • R in the formula (6) it is only necessary to replace R in the formula (6) with the highest point of the surface of the concave lens 215 away from the substrate 213 side.
  • the radius of curvature is sufficient.
  • the concave lens 215 is mirror-symmetrical with the horizontal center line of the display panel as an axis of symmetry, and the surface of the concave lens 215 away from the side of the substrate 213 is a smooth surface.
  • the concave lens 215 by providing the concave lens 215, the emitted inner side light rays of the pixel unit 212 of the outer side region toward the horizontal center line direction of the display panel can be deflected inward while the pixels of the outer side region are made.
  • the emitted outer rays of the unit 212 facing away from the horizontal centerline of the display panel are deflected away from the horizontal centerline of the display panel, so that the viewing angle of the display panel is also increased.
  • Example 2 5a-5c are schematic structural views of a display panel according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the display panel of the embodiment is substantially the same as the display panel of the previous embodiment, and the difference is that the refractive layer in the display panel of the embodiment includes at least a symmetric axis of the display panel.
  • Two prism units 515 are schematic structural views of a display panel according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the at least two prism units 515 are of a unitary structure, and the surface of the side of the at least two prism units 515 close to the substrate 513 horizontally contacts the phase delay unit 514, and the surface of the side away from the substrate 513 is a slope.
  • the lower side of the bevel is adjacent to the center of the display panel, and the high side of the bevel is adjacent to the edge of the display panel.
  • the other side of the substrate 513 is further provided with a pixel unit 512 and a black matrix 511.
  • the display panel includes six prism units 515 symmetrically disposed on a horizontal axis of the display panel; the projection of each of the prism units 515 on the phase retardation film covers a phase delay unit 514.
  • the prism unit 515 in the figure has a right-angled cross section on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the phase delay unit 514, and the surface of the prism unit 515 adjacent to the substrate 513 is horizontally contacted with the phase retardation film, away from the
  • the surface on one side of the substrate 513 is a slope, and the lower side of the slope is close to the center of the display panel, and the high side of the slope is close to the edge of the display panel.
  • the display panel includes four prism units 515 symmetrically disposed on a horizontal axis of the display panel; the projection of each of the prism units 515 on the phase retardation film covers two phase delay units. 514.
  • the prism unit 515 in the figure has a right-angled cross section on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the phase delay unit 514, and the surface of the prism unit 515 adjacent to the substrate 513 horizontally contacts the phase delay unit 515 away from the substrate.
  • the surface of the 513 is a slope, the lower side of the slope is near the center of the display panel, and the high side of the slope is close to the edge of the display panel.
  • the display panel includes four prism units 515 symmetrically disposed on a horizontal axis of the display panel; the projection of each of the prism units 515 on the phase retardation film covers three phase delay units. 514.
  • the prism unit 515 in the figure has a right-angled cross section on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the phase delay unit 514, and the surface of the prism unit 515 adjacent to the substrate 513 horizontally contacts the phase delay unit 515 away from the substrate.
  • the surface of the 513 is a slope, the lower side of the slope is near the center of the display panel, and the high side of the slope is close to the display surface The edge of the board.
  • the correspondence between the prism unit 515 and the delay unit 514 may be other than the above three cases, for example, the projection of each of the prism units 515 on the phase retardation film covers more than three phases. Delay unit 514.
  • the partial optical path diagram of the display panel of this embodiment is similar to that of FIG. 3, and the related parameters also satisfy the above formulas (1) to (6), respectively, but for the embodiment, the parameters in the formulas (1) to (6) are respectively used.
  • represents an angle between a surface of the prism unit 515 on the side away from the substrate 513 and a horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a display panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the display panel of the embodiment is substantially the same as the display panel of the first embodiment, and the difference is that the surface of the refractive layer adjacent to the substrate 613 is a planar contact phase delay unit 614;
  • the central area of the side surface is a plane, the peripheral area along both sides of the horizontal center line of the display panel is a curved surface, the central area is lower than the peripheral area, and the thickness of the peripheral area gradually increases from the horizontal center line to the both sides of the display panel .
  • the refractive layer of this embodiment includes a platform body 615b located at the center of the display panel, and curved surface units 615a symmetrically disposed on both sides of the platform body 615b.
  • the thickness of the platform body 615b is uniform, and the thickness of the curved unit 615a gradually increases from the horizontal center line of the display panel to both sides.
  • the platform body 615b and the curved unit 615a may be a unitary structure or a split structure.
  • the other side of the substrate 613 is further provided with a pixel unit 612 and a black matrix 611, which will not be described again.
  • the partial optical path diagram of the display panel in this embodiment is similar to that of FIG. 3, and the calculation principle of the related parameters is similar to that of the embodiment 1, and will not be described again.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a display panel according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the display panel of the embodiment is substantially the same as the display panel of Embodiment 1, except that the refractive layer of the embodiment includes a flat unit 715b in addition to the prism unit 715a.
  • the shape of the prism unit 715a may be the same as the shape of the prism unit of Embodiment 2.
  • the flat unit 715b is disposed at a center of the display panel, with a horizontal center line of the display panel as an axis of symmetry, and one prism unit 715a is disposed on each side of the flat unit 715b; the flat unit 715b
  • the thickness is uniform and close to the surface of the substrate 713 - and away from the substrate 713
  • the surface of one side is flat, and the thickness of the flat unit 715b is equal to or smaller than the lowest thickness of the prism unit 715a.
  • the lower side of the prism unit 715a is near the center of the display panel, and the high side is close to the edge of the display panel.
  • the prism units 715a on both sides of the flat unit 715b may also be provided two or more, respectively, and the flat unit 715b and the prism units 715a on both sides thereof may be a unitary structure or a split structure
  • phase retardation film is further disposed between the refractive layer and the substrate 713, and the phase retardation film includes a plurality of phase delay units 714.
  • the other side of the substrate 713 is further provided with a pixel unit 712 and a black matrix 711, which will not be described again.
  • the partial optical path diagram of the display panel in this embodiment is similar to that of FIG. 3, and the calculation principle of the related parameters is similar to that of Embodiment 2, and details are not described herein again.
  • the 3D display device of the embodiment of the present invention may be a liquid crystal display, a liquid crystal television, an OLED display, an OLED television, a plasma display, a plasma television, a tablet, a mobile phone, or a electronic paper.
  • the display panel and the 3D display device refract the light emitted by the pixel unit to the horizontal center line of the display panel by setting the refractive layer, thereby shortening the shortest distance from the crosstalk-free area to the display panel, and improving 3D viewing distance.
  • the viewing angle of the display panel is also increased.

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Abstract

一种显示面板及3D显示装置。显示面板包括:基板(213,513,613,713)、设置在基板(213,513,613,713)一侧的像素单元(212,512,612,712)、设置在任意相邻两个像素单元(212,512,612,712)之间的黑矩阵(211,511,611,711)以及设置在基板(213,513,613,713)另一侧的相位延迟膜。相位延迟膜包括多个相位延迟单元(214,514,614,714)。基板(213,513,613,713)设置相位延迟膜的一侧还设置有折射层(215),折射层(215)用于使像素单元(212,512,612,712)发出的光向显示面板的水平中线的方向折射。本显示面板缩短了无串扰区到显示面板的最短距离,改善了3D观看距离,增大了可视角度。

Description

显示面板及 3D显示装置 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种显示面板及 3D ( 3维)显示装置。 背景技术
目前市场上主流的 3D显示技术为偏光式和主动快门式。偏光式 3D显示 技术的工作原理是通过贴附一层 FPR膜或 GPR结构, 将奇数行像素单元和 偶数行像素单元出射的光分别转化为左旋和右旋偏振光, 再通过具有偏振片 的眼镜的光调制作用,使左眼和右眼分别接收到不同的画面,产生 3D效果。 由于其工作原理的限制,通常需要观看者在一定距离外才能观看到较好的 3D 效果。
如图 1所示, 假设观看者的眼睛在显示面板上的投影位于显示面板的中 央, 当观看者距离显示面板距离较近时, 如图 1 中为 L1时, 观看者左眼不 仅看到左眼对应像素单元 112 (以下筒称左眼像素)发出的光线, 也会看到 右眼对应像素单元 112 (以下筒称右目艮像素)发出的光线, 这是因为与左眼 像素对应的 FPR 115也会有与该左眼像素相邻的右眼像素发出的光线通过, 因此与左眼像素对应的 FRP 115会同时出射左眼图像和右眼图像, 同样与右 目艮像素对应的 FRP 115会同时出射右眼图像和左眼图像, 其结果就是令观看 者感到串扰。 参见图 1 , 只有当观看者到显示面板的距离至少为 L时, 才可 以避免串扰。 图 1中, 标号 111表示黑矩阵, 标号 113表示基板、 标号 114 表示偏光片。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种显示面板及 3D显示装置,以改善 3D观看距离。 本发明提供一种显示面板, 包括: 基板、 设置在基板一侧的像素单元、 设置在任意相邻两个所述像素单元之间的黑矩阵以及设置在所述基板另一侧 的相位延迟膜; 所述相位延迟膜包括多个相位延迟单元; 所述基板设置相位 延迟膜的一侧还设置有折射层, 所述折射层用于使所述像素单元发出的光向 显示面板的水平中线的方向折射。
在一个示例中, 所述折射层采用凹透镜; 所述凹透镜靠近所述基板一侧 的表面为平面, 远离所述基板一侧的表面为曲面, 所述曲面的延伸方向与所 述相位延迟单元的长度方向垂直。
在一个示例中, 所述折射层靠近所述基板一侧的表面为平面; 远离所述 基板一侧的表面的中央区域为平面, 沿所述显示面板水平中线两侧的周边区 域为曲面,并且周边区域从所述显示面板的水平中线向两侧的厚度逐渐增大。
在一个示例中, 所述折射层包括以所述显示面板水平中线为对称轴对称 设置的至少两个棱镜单元; 所述至少两个棱镜单元靠近所述基板一侧的表面 为平面, 远离所述基板一侧的表面为斜面, 所述斜面的低侧靠近所述显示面 板的中央, 所述斜面的高侧靠近所述显示面板的边缘。
在一个示例中, 每个所述棱镜单元在所述相位延迟膜上的投影覆盖至少 一个所述相位延迟单元。
在一个示例中, 所述棱镜单元在与所述相位延迟单元的长度方向垂直的 平面上的截面为梯形。
在一个示例中, 所述折射层还包括设置在与所述显示面板中央区域对应 的平坦单元, 所述平坦单元的两侧设置有所述至少两个棱镜单元; 所述平坦 单元的厚度均一且上下表面均为平面, 并且所述平坦单元的厚度等于或者小 于所述棱镜单元的最小厚度。
在一个示例中, 所述折射层的相关参数满足以下公式:
Figure imgf000004_0001
sin θ4
Z 1 sin 93
—sin Q2 θ32- α;
其中, 表示由所述像素单元出射的光线进入所述折射层前与所述折射 层靠近所述基板一侧的表面的法线的夹角, θ2表示所述光线进入所述折射层 后与所述折射层靠近所述基板一侧的表面的法线的夹角, θ3表示所述光线射 出所述折射层前与所述折射层远离所述基板一侧的表面的法线的夹角, θ4表 示所述光线射出所述折射层后与所述折射层远离所述基板一侧的表面的法线 的夹角, W表示所述显示面板竖直方向的长度, L表示未设置所述折射层时 无串扰区距离所述显示面板的最短距离, b表示所述黑矩阵的宽度, T表示 所述像素单元和所述折射层之间的距离, α表示所述折射层远离所述基板一 侧的表面或者所述折射层远离所述基板一侧的表面的最高点的切平面与水平 面的夹角, L,表示设置所述折射层后无串扰区距离所述显示面板的最短距离, η21表示所述折射层相对空气的折射率, η32表示所述相位延迟膜相对所述折 射层的折射率。
在一个示例中, 所述折射层材料为玻璃或树脂。
本发明的另一个方面还提供了一种 3D显示装置,所述 3D显示装置包括 所述的显示面板。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面将对实施例的附图作 筒单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例, 而非对本发明的限制。
图 1是现有液晶面板及 3D电视的出现串扰现象的原理示意图; 图 2是本发明所述显示面板改善 3D观看距离的原理示意图;
图 3a是本发明所述显示面板的局部光路图;
图 3b是夹角 α的计算原理示意图;
图 4是本发明所述显示面板增大可视角度的原理示意图;
图 5a~5c是本发明实施例 2所述显示面板的结构示意图;
图 6是本发明实施例 3所述显示面板的结构示意图;
图 7是本发明实施例 4所述显示面板的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合本发 明实施例的附图,对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然, 所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于所描 述的本发明的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另作定义, 此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领 域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。 本发明专利申请说明书以及权 利要求书中使用的 "第一" 、 "第二" 以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、 数量或者重要性, 而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。 同样, "一个"、 "一" 或者 "该"等类似词语也不表示数量限制, 而是表示存在至少一个。 "包括" 或者 "包含" 等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该 词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,而不排除其他元件或者物件。 "连接" 或者 "相连" 等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接, 而是可以包 括电性的连接, 不管是直接的还是间接的。 "上" 、 "下" 、 "左" 、 "右" 等仅用于表示相对位置关系, 当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后, 则该相对位 置关系也可能相应地改变。
图 2是本发明一个实施例的显示面板改善 3D观看距离的原理示意图。 如图 2所示, 本实施例的显示面板包括: 基板 213、 设置在基板 213—侧的 像素单元 212、设置在任意相邻两个所述像素单元 212之间的黑矩阵 211 , 以 及设置在所述基板 213另一侧的相位延迟膜, 所述相位延迟膜包括多个相位 延迟单元 214。 另外, 当所述显示面板为液晶面板时, 在所述基板 213和所 述相位延迟膜之间还可以设置有偏振片 (图中未示出) 。
本实施例的显示面板与例如图 1所示现有的显示面板的不同之处在于, 所述基板 213设置相位延迟膜的一侧还设置有折射层 215 , 所述折射层 215 所述基板 213可以采用玻璃基板, 所述相位延迟单元 214可以采用 FPR
( Film Patterned Retarder, 图形化的相位延迟膜 )或者 GPR ( Glass Patterned Retarder,图形化的相位延迟玻璃)。当所述相位延迟单元 214采用 GPR时, 也可以直接将所述 GPR加工设计成使所述像素单元发出的光向显示面板的 水平中线的方向折射的折射层, 即按照所述折射层的形状设计所述 GPR, 从 而可以不必额外贴附所述折射层, 降低了成本。 所述折射层 215可以采用玻 璃、 树脂等材料。
从图 2中可以看到, 当观看者眼睛位于显示面板中央时, 通过设置所述 折射层, 由于光的折射作用, 可以将无干扰区到所述显示面板的最短距离从 原有的 L缩短为 L,,也就是说只要观看者眼睛到显示面板的距离超过 L,,就 不会感觉到串扰, 从而改善了 3D观看距离。
在图 2中, 黑矩阵 211与像素单元 212设置在同一平面, 但是二者也可 以设置在不同的平面。
以下结合附图, 本发明的显示面板的多个实施例进行详细说明。
实施例 1
参见图 2,本实施例所述折射层采用凹透镜 215。所述凹透镜 215靠近所 述基板 213—侧的表面为平面, 远离所述基板 213—侧的表面为曲面, 所述 曲面的延伸方向与所述相位延迟单元 214的长度方向垂直。 通过设置所述凹 透镜 215 , 从像素单元 212射向观看者眼睛(设定观看者眼镜的投影位于显 示面板的中央) 的光线会向显示面板的水平中线方向折射, 这样观看者可以 在距离显示面板更近的位置处享受到无串扰的 3D观看效果。
图 3a是本发明所述显示面板的局部光路图。参见图 3a, 所述凹透镜 215 的相关参数满足以下公式:
^ Hl^Il. ( 1 )
L T tan(94+a)=^; ( 2 ) sin θ4 , 、
η21=—— ( 3 )
ζ ± sm 03
sin 92 / .、
32=— ^-; ( 4 ) θ32- a ; ( 5 )
其中, 表示由所述像素单元 212出射的光线进入所述折射层 215前与 所述折射层 215靠近所述基板 213一侧的表面的法线的夹角, θ2表示所述光 线进入所述折射层 215后与所述折射层 215靠近所述基板 213一侧的表面的 法线的夹角, θ3表示所述光线射出所述折射层 215前与所述折射层 215远离 所述基板 213一侧的表面的法线的夹角, θ4表示所述光线射出所述折射层 215 后与所述折射层 215远离所述基板 213—侧的表面的法线的夹角, W表示所 述显示面板竖直方向的长度, L表示未设置所述折射层 215时无串扰区距离 所述显示面板的最短距离, b表示所述黑矩阵 211的宽度, T表示所述像素 单元 212和所述折射层 215之间的距离, α表示所述折射层远离所述基板一 侧的表面或者所述折射层远离所述基板一侧的表面的最高点的切平面与水平 面的夹角, L,表示设置所述折射层后无串扰区距离所述显示面板的最短距离, 1表示所述折射层 215相对空气的折射率, η32表示所述相位延迟膜相对所 述折射层 215的折射率。
根据上述公式, 当确定所述凹透镜 215的材料 (即确定所述凹透镜 215 的折射率) , 并且确定了所述凹透镜 215远离所述基板 213—侧的表面的最 高点的切平面与水平面的夹角 α后, 可以推导得到在设置所述凹透镜 215后 无串扰区距离所述显示面板的最短距离 L,,从而可以得到缩短的观看距离△ L=L-L,, 该参数可以反映 3D观看距离的改善效果。
图 3b是夹角 α的计算原理示意图, 如图 3b所示, 当所述凹透镜 215远 离所述基板 213一侧的表面为圓弧时, α与圓弧半径 R满足以下公式:
. w , ,
sin a =—; ( 6 )
2R
其中, W表示所述显示面板竖直方向的长度。
另外, 当所述凹透镜 215远离所述基板 213一侧的表面为非圓弧曲面, 只需将公式( 6 ) 中的 R替换为所述凹透镜 215远离所述基板 213一侧的表 面的最高点的曲率半径即可。 同时, 需要说明的是, 所述凹透镜 215以所述 显示面板的水平中线为对称轴呈镜像对称, 并且所述凹透镜 215远离所述基 板 213—侧的表面为光滑表面。
参见图 4, 可以看到, 通过设置所述凹透镜 215可以使夕卜侧区域的像素 单元 212的发出的朝向所述显示面板水平中线方向的内侧光线向内偏转, 同 时使夕卜侧区域的像素单元 212的发出的背向所述显示面板水平中线方向的外 侧光线远离显示面板水平中线的方向偏转, 从而所述显示面板的可视角度还 得到了增加。
实施例 2 图 5a~5c是本发明实施例 2所述显示面板的结构示意图。 本实施例所述 显示面板与上一实施例所述显示面板基本相同, 其不同之处在于本实施例所 述显示面板中的折射层包括以所述显示面板水平中线为对称轴对称设置的至 少两个棱镜单元 515。
所述至少两个棱镜单元 515为一体结构,并且所述至少两个棱镜单元 515 的靠近基板 513的一侧的表面水平接触相位延迟单元 514, 远离基板 513的 一侧的表面为斜面, 所述斜面的低侧靠近所述显示面板的中央, 所述斜面的 高侧靠近所述显示面板的边缘。
类似于上一实施例, 所述基板 513的另一侧还设置有像素单元 512和黑 矩阵 511。
参见图 5a,该图所述显示面板包括以所述显示面板水平中线为对称轴对 称设置的 6个棱镜单元 515; 每个所述棱镜单元 515在相位延迟膜上的投影 覆盖一个相位延迟单元 514。该图中棱镜单元 515在与所述相位延迟单元 514 的长度方向垂直的平面上的截面呈直角梯形, 该棱镜单元 515的靠近所述基 板 513—侧的表面水平接触相位延迟膜, 远离所述基板 513一侧的表面为斜 面, 所述斜面的低侧靠近所述显示面板的中央, 所述斜面的高侧靠近所述显 示面板的边缘。
参见图 5b,该图所述显示面板包括以所述显示面板水平中线为对称轴对 称设置的 4个棱镜单元 515; 每个所述棱镜单元 515在相位延迟膜上的投影 覆盖两个相位延迟单元 514。该图中棱镜单元 515在与所述相位延迟单元 514 的长度方向垂直的平面上的截面呈直角梯形, 该棱镜单元 515的靠近所述基 板 513的表面水平接触相位延迟单元 515 ,远离所述基板 513的表面为斜面, 所述斜面的低侧靠近所述显示面板的中央, 所述斜面的高侧靠近所述显示面 板的边缘。
参见图 5c,该图所述显示面板包括以所述显示面板水平中线为对称轴对 称设置的 4个棱镜单元 515; 每个所述棱镜单元 515在相位延迟膜上的投影 覆盖三个相位延迟单元 514。该图中棱镜单元 515在与所述相位延迟单元 514 的长度方向垂直的平面上的截面呈直角梯形, 该棱镜单元 515的靠近所述基 板 513的表面水平接触相位延迟单元 515 ,远离所述基板 513的表面为斜面, 所述斜面的低侧靠近所述显示面板的中央, 所述斜面的高侧靠近所述显示面 板的边缘。
另外, 所述棱镜单元 515与所述延迟单元 514的对应关系还可以是除上 述 3种情况外的其他情况, 比如每个所述棱镜单元 515在相位延迟膜上的投 影覆盖多于三个相位延迟单元 514。
本实施例所述显示面板的局部光路图与图 3相类似, 其相关参数也分别 满足上述公式(1 )至(6 ) , 只是对于该实施例, 公式(1 )至(6 ) 中的参 数 α表示所述棱镜单元 515的远离所述基板 513一侧的表面与水平面的夹角。
实施例 3
图 6是本发明实施例 3所述显示面板的结构示意图。 本实施例所述显示 面板与实施例 1所述显示面板基本相同, 其不同之处在于本实施例所述折射 层的靠近基板 613一侧的表面为平面接触相位延迟单元 614; 远离基板 613 一侧的表面的中央区域为平面, 沿所述显示面板水平中线两侧的周边区域为 曲面, 中央区域低于周边区域, 并且周边区域从所述显示面板的水平中线向 两侧的厚度逐渐增大。
也就是说, 本实施例所述折射层包括位于显示面板中央的平台体 615b, 以及对称设置在所述平台体 615b两侧的曲面单元 615a。所述平台体 615b的 厚度均一,所述曲面单元 615a的厚度从显示面板的水平中线向两侧逐渐增大。 所述平台体 615b和曲面单元 615a可以为一体结构或者分体结构。
另外, 所述基板 613的另一侧还设置有像素单元 612和黑矩阵 611 , 不 再赘述。
本实施例所述显示面板的局部光路图与图 3相类似, 其相关参数的计算 原理与实施例 1相类似, 不再赘述。
实施例 4
图 7是本发明实施例 4所述显示面板的结构示意图。 本实施例所述显示 面板与实施例 1所述显示面板基本相同, 其不同之处在于本实施例所述折射 层除了包括棱镜单元 715a, 还包括平坦单元 715b。
所述棱镜单元 715a的形状与实施例 2的棱镜单元的形状可以相同。所述 平坦单元 715b设置在所述显示面板的中央,以所述显示面板的水平中线为对 称轴, 在所述平坦单元 715b的两侧分别设置有一个所述棱镜单元 715a; 所 述平坦单元 715b的厚度均一且靠近基板 713—侧的表面及远离所述基板 713 一侧的表面均为平面,并且所述平坦单元 715b的厚度等于或者小于所述棱镜 单元 715a的最低厚度。所述棱镜单元 715a的低侧靠近所述显示面板的中央, 高侧靠近所述显示面板的边缘。 所述平坦单元 715b两侧的棱镜单元 715a还 可以是分别设置两个或者更多,并且所述平坦单元 715b及其两侧的棱镜单元 715a可以为一体结构或者分体结构。
另外, 所述折射层与所述基板 713之间还设置有相位延迟膜, 所述相位 延迟膜包括多个相位延迟单元 714。 所述基板 713的另一侧还设置有像素单 元 712和黑矩阵 711 , 不再赘述。
本实施例所述显示面板的局部光路图与图 3相类似, 其相关参数的计算 原理与实施例 2相类似, 不再赘述。
本发明实施例的 3D显示装置可以为液晶显示器、 液晶电视、 OLED显 示器、 OLED电视、 等离子体显示器、 等离子体电视、 平板电脑、 手机或电 子纸等。
本发明实施例所述显示面板及 3D显示装置, 通过设置所述折射层使得 像素单元发出的光向显示面板的水平中线的方向折射, 缩短了无串扰区到所 述显示面板的最短距离,改善了 3D观看距离。 同时,通过设置所述折射层, 所述显示面板的可视角度还得以增大。
以上所述仅是本发明的示范性实施方式, 而非用于限制本发明的保护范 围, 本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种显示面板, 包括: 基板、 设置在基板一侧的像素单元、 设置在任 意相邻两个所述像素单元之间的黑矩阵以及设置在所述基板另一侧的相位延 迟膜 ^
其中, 所述相位延迟膜包括多个相位延迟单元所述基板设置相位延迟膜 的一侧还设置有折射层, 所述折射层用于使所述像素单元发出的光向显示面 板的水平中线的方向折射。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的显示面板, 其中, 所述折射层采用凹透镜; 所述 凹透镜靠近所述基板一侧的表面为平面, 远离所述基板一侧的表面为曲面, 所述曲面的延伸方向与所述相位延迟单元的长度方向垂直。
3、如权利要求 1或 2所述的显示面板, 其中, 所述折射层靠近所述基板 一侧的表面为平面; 远离所述基板一侧的表面的中央区域为平面, 沿所述显 示面板水平中线两侧的周边区域为曲面, 并且周边区域从所述显示面板的水 平中线向两侧的厚度逐渐增大。
4、如权利要求 1所述的显示面板, 其中, 所述折射层包括以所述显示面 板水平中线为对称轴对称设置的至少两个棱镜单元;
所述至少两个棱镜单元靠近所述基板一侧的表面为平面, 远离所述基板 一侧的表面为斜面, 所述斜面的低侧靠近所述显示面板的中央, 所述斜面的 高侧靠近所述显示面板的边缘。
5、如权利要求 4所述的显示面板, 其中,每个所述棱镜单元在所述相位 延迟膜上的投影覆盖至少一个所述相位延迟单元。
6、如权利要求 4或者 5所述的显示面板, 其中, 所述棱镜单元在与所述 相位延迟单元的长度方向垂直的平面上的截面为梯形。
7、如权利要求 4所述的显示面板, 其中, 所述折射层还包括设置在与所 述显示面板中央区域对应的平坦单元, 所述平坦单元的两侧设置有所述至少 两个棱镜单元;
所述平坦单元的厚度均一且上下表面均为平面, 并且所述平坦单元的厚 度等于或者小于所述棱镜单元的最小厚度。
8、如权利要求 1所述的显示面板, 其中, 所述折射层的相关参数满足以 下公式:
W/2_b/2
tanGr tan(94+a) sin θ4
n 21=
sin
sin 6;
32 sin Gi ' θ32- a;
其中, 表示由所述像素单元出射的光线进入所述折射层前与所述折射 层靠近所述基板一侧的表面的法线的夹角, θ2表示所述光线进入所述折射层 后与所述折射层靠近所述基板一侧的表面的法线的夹角, θ3表示所述光线射 出所述折射层前与所述折射层远离所述基板一侧的表面的法线的夹角, θ4表 示所述光线射出所述折射层后与所述折射层远离所述基板一侧的表面的法线 的夹角, W表示所述显示面板竖直方向的长度, L表示未设置所述折射层时 无串扰区距离所述显示面板的最短距离, b表示所述黑矩阵的宽度, T表示 所述像素单元和所述折射层之间的距离, a表示所述折射层远离所述基板一 侧的表面或者所述折射层远离所述基板一侧的表面的最高点的切平面与水平 面的夹角, L,表示设置所述折射层后无串扰区距离所述显示面板的最短距离, n21表示所述折射层相对空气的折射率, n32表示所述相位延迟膜相对所述折 射层的折射率。
9、如权利要求 1所述的显示面板,其中,所述折射层材料为玻璃或树脂。
10、 一种 3D显示装置, 包括权利要求 1至 9任一项所述的显示面板。
PCT/CN2013/077944 2013-03-25 2013-06-26 显示面板及3d显示装置 WO2014153878A1 (zh)

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CN104575322B (zh) * 2014-12-30 2017-07-28 上海中航光电子有限公司 一种平面显示面板及显示装置
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