WO2014147941A1 - レーダ装置 - Google Patents
レーダ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014147941A1 WO2014147941A1 PCT/JP2014/000598 JP2014000598W WO2014147941A1 WO 2014147941 A1 WO2014147941 A1 WO 2014147941A1 JP 2014000598 W JP2014000598 W JP 2014000598W WO 2014147941 A1 WO2014147941 A1 WO 2014147941A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/2813—Means providing a modification of the radiation pattern for cancelling noise, clutter or interfering signals, e.g. side lobe suppression, side lobe blanking, null-steering arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/0209—Systems with very large relative bandwidth, i.e. larger than 10 %, e.g. baseband, pulse, carrier-free, ultrawideband
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
- G01S13/26—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave
- G01S13/28—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses
- G01S13/284—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses using coded pulses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/42—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates
- G01S13/426—Scanning radar, e.g. 3D radar
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/282—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
- G01S7/292—Extracting wanted echo-signals
- G01S7/2923—Extracting wanted echo-signals based on data belonging to a number of consecutive radar periods
- G01S7/2926—Extracting wanted echo-signals based on data belonging to a number of consecutive radar periods by integration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/023—Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a radar apparatus that transmits high-frequency transmission pulses.
- the radar device transmits a high-frequency (for example, microwave, millimeter wave) transmission pulse from the measurement point to the space for each transmission period, receives a reflected wave signal reflected by the target, and determines the distance and direction between the measurement point and the target. At least one of them is measured.
- a high-frequency (for example, microwave, millimeter wave) transmission pulse from the measurement point to the space for each transmission period, receives a reflected wave signal reflected by the target, and determines the distance and direction between the measurement point and the target. At least one of them is measured.
- transmission pulses a plurality of transmission pulse signals
- reception pulse a reception SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) of a reflected pulse signal reflected by a target
- the present inventors examined a radar apparatus that transmits a high-frequency (for example, millimeter wave) transmission pulse.
- a high-frequency (for example, millimeter wave) transmission pulse since a plurality of transmission pulses using different code sequences are transmitted overlapping in time within one transmission cycle, the configuration of the transmission system becomes complicated, and further interference between transmission pulses occurs. As a result, it was difficult to obtain a high received SNR.
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide a radar apparatus that obtains a high reception SNR by suppressing interference between transmission pulses with a simple configuration.
- the present disclosure is based on N (N: integer greater than or equal to 2) transmission code sequences and N ⁇ M (M: integer greater than or equal to 2) orthogonal code sequences.
- a transmission signal generating unit that generates N transmission pulses by multiplying each of the transmission codes by N orthogonal codes selected from the N ⁇ M types of orthogonal code sequences, and within one transmission period
- a transmission radio unit that converts the N transmission pulses into a high-frequency signal and transmits the high-frequency signal from the transmission antenna, and the N ⁇ M types of orthogonal code sequences satisfy a predetermined mathematical expression in M transmission cycles
- CNM is a radar device that is an orthogonalized code that is multiplied by the Nth transmission code in the Mth transmission cycle.
- interference between transmission pulses can be suppressed with a simple configuration, and a high reception SNR can be obtained.
- the block diagram which shows the internal structure of the radar apparatus of 1st Embodiment.
- the figure which shows each correlation calculation period of the transmission pulse for every transmission period in the radar apparatus of 1st Embodiment, a selector output, an orthogonalization code
- an explanatory diagram of a transmission pulse that may interfere with a transmission pulse using the first code sequence (A) Configuration diagram of the first code sequence correlator in the radar device of the first embodiment, (B) Configuration diagram of the second code sequence correlator in the radar device of the first embodiment.
- a schematic diagram for explaining the output of the first code sequence correlator and the coherent addition result in 16 transmission cycles The block diagram which shows the internal structure of the radar apparatus of 2nd Embodiment.
- the radar apparatus 100 sequentially generates N transmission pulses by multiplying N different transmission codes and an orthogonalization code (to be described later) within one transmission period T, and converts each transmission pulse into a high-frequency signal. Convert and transmit from the transmit antenna.
- the radar apparatus 100 repeats transmission of transmission pulses converted into N ⁇ M high frequency signals every M transmission periods T.
- a transmission pulse converted into a high-frequency signal is also referred to as a transmission pulse.
- the radar apparatus 100 sequentially receives N high-frequency reflected wave signals in which N transmission pulses are reflected by the target within one transmission cycle, and N transmission pulses and N received signals at any time are received. N correlation values with a received signal (hereinafter referred to as “received pulse”) obtained by down-converting the reflected wave signal to baseband are calculated. The radar apparatus 100 measures (measures) the distance between the radar apparatus 100 and the target based on N ⁇ M correlation values calculated over M transmission cycles.
- N and M are integers of 2 or more.
- the transmission period is a fixed value that is set assuming a distance (for example, 50 m) that the radar apparatus 100 can measure. In each of the following embodiments, it is assumed that the period from the transmission timing to the reception timing of the transmission pulse does not exceed the transmission cycle.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of the radar apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.
- a code sequence storage unit 200 In the radar apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1, a code sequence storage unit 200, a selector 210, an orthogonal code storage unit 220, an orthogonal code multiplier 230, a DAC (Digital Analog Converter) 240, and a transmission antenna 260 are connected.
- ADC Analog Digital Converter
- the code sequence storage unit 200 as a transmission code storage unit includes a first code sequence storage unit 201, a second code sequence storage unit 202 to an Nth code sequence storage unit 20N, and stores N different types of transmission code sequences.
- the code sequence correlator 330 as a correlation calculation unit includes a first code sequence correlator 331 and a second code sequence correlator 332 to an N-th code sequence correlator 33N, and N types of transmission code sequences are different from the N types. Has a correlator.
- the code sequence storage unit 200, the selector 210, the orthogonalization code storage unit 220, and the orthogonalization code multiplication unit 230 can be used to configure the transmission signal generation unit in the radar apparatus 100 of the present embodiment.
- the first code sequence storage unit 201 stores a first transmission code sequence An (hereinafter referred to as “first code sequence”) An used by the radar apparatus 100 to generate a transmission pulse, and selects the transmission code sequence An as a selector. Output to 210.
- first code sequence a first transmission code sequence An (hereinafter referred to as “first code sequence”) An used by the radar apparatus 100 to generate a transmission pulse, and selects the transmission code sequence An as a selector.
- n represents the ordinal number of the transmission period of the transmission pulse, and is an integer in the range of 1 to M, and so on.
- the second code sequence storage unit 202 stores a second transmission code sequence (hereinafter referred to as “second code sequence”) Bn used by the radar apparatus 100 to generate a transmission pulse, and selects the transmission code sequence Bn as a selector. Output to 210.
- second code sequence a second transmission code sequence
- the Nth code sequence storage unit 20N stores an Nth transmission code sequence (hereinafter referred to as “Nth code sequence”) Dn used by the radar apparatus 100 to generate a transmission pulse, and transmits the transmission code sequence. Dn is output to the selector 210.
- Nth code sequence Nth transmission code sequence
- Each transmission code sequence An, Bn to Dn is a different code sequence, but may be an arbitrary code sequence, for example, a pulse including a known M sequence, Gold code sequence, Golay code sequence, complementary code sequence, or spano code sequence. It may be a code sequence.
- the transmission code sequence is not limited to the pulse code sequence described above, and for example, a chirp signal whose frequency continuously changes in the transmission period Tw may be used.
- the chirp signal the same chirp signal may be used in one transmission cycle, or different chirp signals may be used.
- the code sequence storage unit 200 shown in FIG. 1 may be provided with a code sequence storage unit that stores one chirp signal. In the case of using a plurality of chirp signals as transmission code sequences, the code sequence storage unit 200 shown in FIG. 1 may be provided with the same number of code sequence storage units as the types of chirp signals.
- the first code sequence An is (A1, A2, A3, A4 to A16)
- the second code sequence Bn is (B1, B2, B3, B4 to B16)
- the third code sequence Cn is (C1, C2, C3, C4 to C16)
- the fourth code sequence Dn is (D1, D2, D3, D4 to D16), It becomes.
- the code sequences may be correlated or uncorrelated, but if there is no correlation, interference between transmission pulses described later can be further suppressed.
- each transmission code sequence is a complementary code sequence
- the first code sequence (An, Bn) is (A1, B1, A2, B2 to A8, B8)
- the second code sequence (Cn, Dn) is (C1, D1, C2, D2 to C8, D8)
- the third code sequence (En, Fn) is (E1, F1, E2, F2 to E8, F8)
- the fourth code sequence (Gn, Hn) is (G1, H1, G2, H2 to G8, H8), It becomes.
- (An, Bn), (Cn, Dn), (En, Fn), and (Gn, Hn) are mutually complementary code sequences. Further, between An, Cn, En, and Gn, and between Bn, Dn, Fn, and Hn may be correlated or uncorrelated. However, if there is no correlation, interference between transmission pulses described later is further increased. Can be suppressed.
- the first code sequence (An, Bn) stored in the first code sequence storage unit 201 is: (A, B, A, B, A, B, A, B)
- the second code sequence (Cn, Dn) stored in the second code sequence storage unit 202 is: (C, D, C, D, C, D, C, D)
- the third code sequence (En, Fn) stored in the third code sequence storage unit 203 (not shown) is: (E, F, E, F, E, F, E, F)
- the transmission code sequences (An, Bn, Cn, Dn, En, Fn, Gn, Hn) are all the same transmission code sequence (A, B, C, D, E, regardless of the transmission period of the transmission pulse). F, G, H) are used.
- Transmission code A [-1, -1, -1, 1]
- Transmission code B [-1, -1, 1, -1]
- Transmission code C [-1, 1, 1, 1]
- Transmission code D [1, 1, -1, 1]
- Transmission code E [1, -1, -1, -1]
- Transmission code F [-1, 1, -1, -1]
- Transmission code G [1, 1, 1, -1]
- Transmission code H [1, -1,1,1,], Is used. That is, the transmission code A and transmission code B, the transmission code C and transmission code D, the transmission code E and transmission code F, and the transmission code G and transmission code H are complementary codes.
- the selector 210 selects N transmission codes according to a predetermined order within one transmission period from each transmission code sequence stored in the first code sequence storage unit 201 to the Nth code sequence storage unit 20N.
- the transmission code is sequentially output to the orthogonalization code multiplication unit 230 (see FIG. 2).
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating transmission pulse, selector output, orthogonalized code, and correlation calculation periods of the first code sequence correlator to the Nth code sequence correlator for each transmission period in the radar apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. is there.
- the selector 210 performs the transmission code sequence A of the first code sequence storage unit 201 and the transmission code sequences C to N of the second code sequence storage unit 202 in the leftmost (first) transmission cycle shown in FIG. Selection is made in the order of the transmission code sequence G in the code sequence storage unit 20N. Similarly, in the second transmission cycle, the selector 210 transmits the transmission code sequence B of the first code sequence storage unit 201, the transmission code sequence D of the second code sequence storage unit 202 to the transmission of the Nth code sequence storage unit 20N. The code sequence H is selected in this order.
- the selector 210 selects a set of transmission code sequences selected in the first and second transmission cycles after the third transmission cycle shown in FIG. Similarly, the selection is repeated and output to the orthogonal code multiplier 230.
- the orthogonalized code storage unit 220 stores orthogonalized code sequences (C11 to CNM) including N ⁇ M orthogonalized codes.
- CNM is an orthogonalized code that is multiplied by the Nth transmission code sequence selected by the selector 210 within the Mth transmission cycle.
- the orthogonal code sequence (C11 to CNM) is a code sequence provided to suppress interference between transmission pulses when the radar apparatus 100 sequentially transmits N transmission pulses within one transmission period.
- the orthogonalization code multiplication unit 230 multiplies N transmission codes sequentially selected by the selector 210 and N orthogonalization codes read from the orthogonalization code storage unit 220 within one transmission period, and performs N processing. Transmission pulses are sequentially generated, and N transmission pulses are output to the DAC 240 and the code sequence correlator 330.
- the orthogonalization code multiplication unit 230 sequentially reads the orthogonalization codes C11 and C21 to CN1 from the orthogonalization code storage unit 220 in the first transmission cycle shown in FIG.
- the orthogonal code multiplier 230 multiplies the first selector output (transmission code A) and the orthogonal code C11 to generate a transmission pulse P11, and orthogonalizes the second selector output (transmission code C).
- the transmission pulse P21 is generated by multiplying the code C21.
- the orthogonalization code multiplication unit 230 repeats multiplication processing, and multiplies the Nth selector output (transmission code G) by the orthogonalization code CN1 to generate a transmission pulse PN1.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a transmission pulse that may interfere with a transmission pulse using the first code sequence, for example.
- the transmission pulse that may interfere with the transmission pulse P11 is a transmission pulse that is received during the correlation calculation period Tp11 of the first code sequence correlator 331 that uses the code of the transmission pulse P11 as a correlation coefficient described later. That is, a transmission pulse used as a correlation coefficient by a code sequence correlator having a correlation calculation period partially overlapping with the correlation calculation period Tp11 of the first code sequence correlator 331 may interfere with the transmission pulse P11.
- the transmission pulse that may interfere with the transmission pulse P11 is transmitted by the transmission pulse P11 itself, transmission pulses P21, P31 to PN1 transmitted after the transmission pulse P11 is transmitted, and the transmission pulse P11.
- a total of 2N ⁇ 1 ( 1 + 2 (N ⁇ 1)) transmission pulses P2M and P3M to PNM transmitted before being transmitted.
- Equation (2) in which the inner product is zero with respect to the orthogonalized code is established.
- Equation (3) is established for the orthogonal code so that the inner product becomes zero.
- Equation (4) is established for the orthogonal code so that the inner product is zero.
- transmission pulses P11, P12 to P1M using the first code sequence transmitted at transmission timing Tt1, and the previous transmission cycle T are transmitted at transmission timing Tt3.
- the mathematical formula (5) in which the inner product is zero is established for the orthogonalized code.
- transmission pulses P11, P12 to P1M in which the first code sequence transmitted at transmission timing Tt1 is used every M transmission cycles T and the previous transmission cycle T, and transmission is performed at transmission timing Ttn.
- the mathematical expression (6) in which the inner product is zero is established for the orthogonalized code.
- Equation (7) is established for the orthogonalized code.
- Equation (8) is a multiplication of an N ⁇ M matrix of N ⁇ M orthogonal code sequences (C11 to CNM) and an M ⁇ 2N matrix.
- the matrix of M rows and 2N columns is obtained by synthesizing a matrix in which the elements of the M row of the transposed M rows and N columns matrix are shifted to the first row to the M rows and N columns matrix obtained by transposing the N rows and M columns. It is a matrix.
- Equation (8) The right side of Equation (8) is a matrix with M rows and 2 M columns, and a matrix in which two diagonal matrices with M rows and M columns are combined.
- each orthogonal code of the orthogonal code sequence (C11 to CNM) is +1 or ⁇ 1, but is not limited to +1 or ⁇ 1 as long as Equation (8) is satisfied.
- Each term on the left side of Equation (9) includes a transmission pulse (for example, P11 corresponding to C11) in which the Xth transmission code sequence (X: any one of 1 to N) is used, and the previous one.
- This is a calculation with a transmission pulse (for example, P1M corresponding to C1M) in which the Xth transmission code sequence in the transmission cycle T is used. For these reasons, orthogonality does not matter.
- [-1] [1, 1, -1, 1]
- the DAC 240 D / A converts the digital transmission pulse multiplied by the orthogonal code multiplication unit 230 into an analog transmission pulse, and outputs the analog transmission pulse to the transmission radio unit 250.
- the transmission radio unit 250 converts the analog transmission pulse D / A converted by the DAC 240 into a high-frequency signal using a local oscillation signal (local signal) generated by a local oscillation signal oscillator (not shown).
- the transmission radio unit 250 transmits N high frequency signals from the transmission antenna 260 within one transmission period T. Note that the transmission period Tw of N transmission pulses transmitted in each transmission cycle T does not overlap in time with adjacent transmission pulses and is constant, and further, the transmission timing interval (Tt2 ⁇ ) of each transmission pulse. Tt1) may or may not be equally spaced (see FIG. 2).
- the reception radio unit 310 receives, at the reception antenna 300, N transmission pulses obtained by reflecting N transmission pulses transmitted within one transmission period T by the target.
- Reception radio section 310 uses a local oscillation signal (local signal) generated by a local oscillation signal oscillator (not shown) to convert a high-frequency signal received by reception antenna 300 into a baseband reception pulse and output it to ADC 320.
- the received high-frequency signal is also referred to as a received pulse.
- ADC 320 A / D converts analog baseband received pulses into digital baseband received pulses, and outputs the result to code sequence correlator 330. That is, the digital baseband received pulse is input to the first code sequence correlator 331 to the Nth code sequence correlator 33N. Further, the code of the transmission pulse multiplied by the orthogonal code multiplier 230 is also input to the first code sequence correlator 331 to the Nth code sequence correlator 33N.
- the operations of the first code sequence correlator 331 to the Nth code sequence correlator 33N are the same, for example, the operation of the first code sequence correlator 331 will be mainly described below, and the second code sequence correlator 332 to the Nth code sequence correlator will be described.
- movement of the code sequence correlator 33N description of the content same as the operation
- the first code sequence correlator 331 is between the transmission timing of the transmission pulse P11 using the first code sequence A or B and the period of the transmission cycle T elapses.
- a correlation value between the N transmission pulses P11 to PN1 transmitted and the N reception pulses input until the period of the transmission cycle T elapses from the transmission timing of the transmission pulse P11 is calculated (see FIG. 2). .
- the first code sequence correlator 331 performs correlation calculation as a correlation calculation period from the transmission timing of the transmission pulse P11 using the first code sequence A or B until the period of the transmission cycle T elapses (FIG. 2).
- the first code sequence correlator 331 also passes the transmission period T from the transmission timing of the transmission pulse using the first code sequence A or B in the second and subsequent transmission cycles shown in FIG.
- the correlation calculation is performed as the correlation calculation period (see the hatched portion shown in FIG. 2).
- FIG. 4A is a configuration diagram of the first code sequence correlator 331 in the radar apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4B is a configuration diagram of the second code sequence correlator 332 in the radar apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.
- Each code sequence correlator shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B can be configured using, for example, an FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter.
- FIR Finite Impulse Response
- First code sequence correlator 331 shown in FIG. 4A includes L correlation coefficient holding units K1, K2 to KL, L ⁇ 1 delay units (z ⁇ 1 ), and an adder.
- Second code sequence correlator 332 shown in FIG. 4B includes L correlation coefficient holding units Q1, Q2 to QL, L ⁇ 1 delay units (z ⁇ 1 ), and an adder.
- L is an integer that is a power of 2 and represents the code length of the transmission pulse.
- the first code sequence correlator 331 converts the code of the transmission pulse using the first code sequence A or B into the L correlation coefficients shown in FIG. (Tap coefficients) K1, K2, K3 to KL are set, and correlation coefficients K1 to KL are held during the correlation calculation period.
- the first code sequence correlator 331 deletes the correlation coefficient in the previous first correlation calculation period, and the first code in the second correlation calculation period
- the code of the transmission pulse using the sequence A or B is set as the correlation coefficients K1 to KL shown in FIG.
- the first code sequence correlator 331 uses the code of the transmission pulse using the first code sequence A or B as a correlation coefficient within each correlation calculation period shown in FIG. 2 (see the hatched portion shown in FIG. 2).
- the sliding correlation value of each of the received N received pulses is calculated and output to the coherent adder 340.
- the second code sequence correlator 332 converts the code of the transmission pulse using the second code sequence C or D into the correlation coefficient within each correlation calculation period shown in FIG. 2 (see the dot pattern portion shown in FIG. 2). As above, the sliding correlation value of each of the received N received pulses is calculated and output to the coherent adder 340.
- the N-th code sequence correlator 33N correlates the code of the transmission pulse using the N-th code sequence G or H within each correlation calculation period shown in FIG. 2 (see the white pattern portion shown in FIG. 2). As a number, the sliding correlation value of each of the received N received pulses is calculated and output to the coherent adder 340.
- the first code sequence correlator 331 does not start the correlation calculation period at the transmission timing Tt1 of the transmission pulse P11.
- the first code sequence correlator 331 may start the correlation calculation period after a predetermined time has elapsed from the transmission timing Tt1 of the transmission pulse P11. good. Note that the end timing of the correlation calculation period is not changed.
- the radar apparatus 100 may not receive the transmission pulse in which the transmission pulse P11 is reflected by the target at the transmission timing Tt1 of the transmission pulse P11, for example. Therefore, for example, assuming a situation where the distance between the radar apparatus 100 and the target is closest, the first code sequence correlator 331 determines the time for the transmission pulse to pass between the proximity distance between the radar apparatus 100 and the target.
- the correlation calculation period may be set with a delay from the start timing of the correlation calculation period.
- the other second code sequence correlator 332 to Nth code sequence correlator 33N may also start the correlation calculation period after a similar predetermined time has elapsed. Note that the end timing of each correlation calculation period is not changed.
- the coherent adder 340 receives the sliding correlation values calculated by the first code sequence correlator 331 to the Nth code sequence correlator 33N in M transmission cycles.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining, for example, the output of the first code sequence correlator 331 and the coherent addition result in 16 transmission cycles. In FIG. 5, the sliding correlation value when one target exists is shown.
- the sliding correlation value as the correlation output of the first code sequence correlator 331 has a peak sliding correlation value between the transmission pulse 11 in the first transmission cycle and the reception pulse that received the transmission pulse P11 reflected by the target. appear.
- the sliding correlation value as the correlation output of the first code sequence correlator 331 has a peak sliding correlation value between the transmission pulse 12 in the second transmission cycle and the reception pulse that has received the transmission pulse P12 reflected by the target. Appears as
- the sliding correlation value as the correlation output of the first code sequence correlator 331 has a peak sliding correlation value between the transmission pulse 13 in the third transmission cycle and the reception pulse that has received the transmission pulse P13 reflected by the target. Appears as
- the sliding correlation value as the correlation output of the first code sequence correlator 331 is the sliding correlation value between the transmission pulse 116 in the sixteenth transmission period and the reception pulse that has received the transmission pulse P116 reflected by the target. Appears as a peak.
- the coherent adding unit 340 uses, for example, N ⁇ 1 delay units in accordance with the first code sequence correlator 331 to the Nth code sequence correlator 33N, and inputs N sliding correlation values.
- the start timing of the correlation calculation period is aligned, and each sliding correlation value calculated over M transmission cycles is added (see FIG. 5).
- the coherent adding unit 340 transmits the same transmission pulse as the transmission pulse using the first code sequence A or B as the addition result of each sliding correlation value calculated by the first code sequence correlator 331 over M transmission cycles, for example.
- a peak is obtained in the result of the coherent addition of the sliding correlation value with the received pulse that has received the transmitted pulse reflected by the target.
- the coherent addition unit 340 calculates the distance between the radar apparatus 100 and the target based on the peak of the coherent addition result of the sliding correlation value.
- the coherent adding unit 340 adds, for example, a code sequence other than the first code sequence A or B (second code) as the addition result of the sliding correlation values calculated by the first code sequence correlator 331 over M transmission periods.
- the sliding correlation value between the transmission pulse using the code sequence to the Nth code sequence and the reception pulse having received the transmission pulse reflected by the target that is, interference that interferes with the transmission pulse using the first code sequence Waves can be canceled or suppressed (see FIG. 5), and the same effect can be obtained from the result of coherent addition to the correlation output of another code sequence correlator.
- the radar apparatus 100 multiplies N different transmission codes and N orthogonal codes within one transmission period to transmit N transmission pulses, and performs M transmissions.
- the transmission of N ⁇ M transmission pulses is repeated over a period.
- the radar apparatus 100 calculates a sliding correlation value between the transmitted N transmission pulses and the reception pulse received from the transmission pulse reflected by the target over M transmission periods, and performs coherent addition.
- the radar apparatus 100 can transmit a plurality of N different transmission pulses by using the transmission radio unit 250 to which the single DAC 240 and the transmission antenna 260 are connected within one transmission period. Since there is no need to provide N transmission radio units 250 to which the DAC 240 and the transmission antenna 260 are connected for transmission, the configuration of the transmission circuit can be simplified, the circuit scale can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. it can.
- the radar apparatus 100 determines that the same transmission pulse as each transmission pulse is obtained based on the coherent addition result of each sliding correlation value calculated by the first code sequence correlator 331 to the Nth code sequence correlator 33N over M transmission periods. A peak is obtained in the result of the coherent addition of the sliding correlation value between the transmission pulse reflected by the target and the reception pulse received.
- the radar apparatus 100 performs a sliding correlation value between a transmission pulse using a transmission code sequence different from the transmission code sequence used to generate each transmission pulse and a reception pulse received from the transmission pulse reflected by the target, that is, An interference wave that interferes with a transmission pulse using a transmission code sequence can be canceled or suppressed.
- the radar apparatus 100 can suppress interference between different transmission pulses based on the coherent addition result of each sliding correlation value calculated by the first code sequence correlator 331 to the Nth code sequence correlator 33N over M transmission periods.
- N times as many coherent addition gains as the number of code sequences used to generate the transmission pulse are obtained, and N times as many received SNRs are obtained as communication characteristics between the radar apparatus 100 and the target.
- the radar apparatus 100 transmits the transmission periods Tw of N types of transmission pulses while shifting the transmission period T in one transmission period T.
- this modified example N transmission systems, that is, N sets of DACs and transmission radio units to which transmission antennas are connected are used.
- one transmission cycle T one type of transmission pulse is transmitted simultaneously from each transmission system.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a radar apparatus 100D according to a modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a time chart for transmitting a transmission pulse from each transmission system of the radar apparatus according to the modification of the first embodiment.
- description of the same content as the radar device 100 of the first embodiment will be simplified or omitted, and different content will be described.
- the radar apparatus 100D shown in FIG. 14 includes a code sequence storage unit 200, an orthogonal code storage unit 220, an orthogonal code multiplication unit 230, N DACs 2401 to 240N, and N transmission antennas 2601 to 260N.
- a code sequence storage unit 200 an orthogonal code storage unit 220, an orthogonal code multiplication unit 230, N DACs 2401 to 240N, and N transmission antennas 2601 to 260N.
- transmission radio units transmission RF units
- reception RF unit reception RF unit
- a coherent addition unit 340 Including.
- the orthogonal code multiplication unit 230 performs N types of orthogonal codes C11 to C11 to N types of transmission code sequences read from the code sequence storage unit 200 in one transmission cycle T.
- N types of transmission pulses P11 to PN1 are generated by superimposing (multiplying) CN1.
- N types of transmission pulses are transmitted simultaneously from N transmission systems. Since transmission pulses are transmitted simultaneously from the N transmission systems, the processing start timing of the code sequence correlator 330 is also the same as when the transmission pulses are transmitted.
- the orthogonality of the total N ⁇ M orthogonal codes used in this modification may be ensured in each transmission sequence in which transmission pulses are simultaneously transmitted in one transmission cycle T.
- orthogonality of N types of transmission pulses is required in consideration of two transmission periods before and after a specific transmission period.
- N types of transmission pulses are transmitted simultaneously in one transmission cycle, and it is only necessary to ensure the orthogonality of each transmission pulse in one transmission cycle.
- the orthogonalized code (see Expression (10)) of this modification example is used. Useful.
- the radar apparatus 100D of the present modification can obtain a high SNR because the number of transmission pulses can be transmitted N times in a certain transmission period T, as with the radar apparatus 100 of the first embodiment.
- the number of code sequence correlators 330 required is the same as the number of transmission code sequences used to generate N transmission pulses transmitted within one transmission period.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an internal configuration of the radar apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment.
- the radar apparatus 100A shown in FIG. 6 includes a code sequence storage unit 200, a selector 210, an orthogonal code storage unit 220, an orthogonal code multiplication unit 230, a DAC 240, and a transmission radio unit 250 to which a transmission antenna 260 is connected.
- the output of the ADC 320 is input to N ⁇ 1 delay units 401 to 40N ⁇ 1. Since the operation of each delay unit is the same except for the delay amount given to the received digital baseband reception pulse, the delay unit 401 will be mainly described, and the other delay units 402 to 40 (N ⁇ 1) will be described. Regarding the operation, contents different from those of the delay unit 401 will be described.
- the delay unit 401 gives a predetermined delay amount to the digital baseband reception pulse as the output of the ADC 320 and outputs the pulse to the adder 410.
- the delay amount given by the delay unit 401 is predetermined, for example, from the transmission timing of the transmission pulse P11 using the first code sequence A or B to the transmission timing of the transmission pulse P12 using the second code sequence C or D. It is a time difference.
- the delay amount given by the delay unit 402 is predetermined, for example, from the transmission timing of the transmission pulse P11 using the first code sequence A or B to the transmission timing of the transmission pulse P13 using the third code sequence E or F. It is a time difference.
- the adder 410 adds a total of N received pulses of the received pulse to which the N-1 delay units 401 to 40 (N-1) have different delay amounts and the received pulse to which the delay amount is not added. And output to the code sequence correlator 420.
- the code sequence correlator 420 shown in FIG. 7 includes L correlation coefficient holding units (K1 + Q1), (K2 + Q2) to (KL + QL), L ⁇ 1 delay units (z ⁇ 1 ), and an adder. Including. L is an integer that is a power of 2 and represents the code length of the transmission pulse. The code sequence correlator 420 performs correlation calculation using a period of M transmission cycles as a correlation calculation period.
- the correlation coefficients (tap coefficients) K1 + Q1, K2 + Q2, K3 + Q3 to KL + QL are set in the number holding unit, and the correlation coefficients (K1 + Q1 to KL + QL) are held during the correlation calculation period.
- the correlation coefficient in the code sequence correlator 420 is any of +2, 0, -2.
- the code sequence correlator 420 uses the addition result of the code of each transmission pulse using the first code sequence and the second code sequence as a correlation coefficient, and calculates the sliding correlation value of each of the N received pulses added by the adder 410. Calculate and output to the coherent adder 340. Since the operation of the coherent adder 340 is the same as that of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the radar apparatus 100A of the present embodiment has a single code sequence correlator instead of the configuration of the first code sequence correlator 331 to the Nth code sequence correlator 33N in the radar apparatus 100 of the first embodiment.
- Using 420 a sliding correlation value between N transmission pulses and reception pulses transmitted within one transmission period is calculated.
- the radar apparatus 100A can obtain the same effect as the radar apparatus of the first embodiment, and can further simplify the configuration of the code sequence correlator compared to the radar apparatus 100 of the first embodiment.
- the circuit scale of the radar apparatus 100A can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- At least one set of adjacent N transmission pulses transmitted within one transmission period, that is, the transmission timing interval of two transmission pulses is M transmission periods.
- the description is based on the assumption that it is fixed.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of the radar apparatus 100B according to the third embodiment.
- the radar apparatus 100B illustrated in FIG. 8 includes a transmission timing control unit 500, a code sequence storage unit 200, a selector 210B, an orthogonalized code storage unit 220, an orthogonalized code multiplication unit 230, a DAC 240, and a transmission antenna 260.
- a transmission radio unit (transmission RF unit) 250B connected, a reception radio unit (reception RF unit) 310 connected to the reception antenna 300, an ADC 320, a code sequence correlator 330B, and a coherent addition unit 340 are included.
- a code sequence correlator 330B as a correlation calculation unit includes a first code sequence correlator 331B, a second code sequence correlator 332B to an Nth code sequence correlator 33NB, and N types of transmission codes are the same as the types of transmission code sequences. Has a correlator.
- the code sequence storage unit 200, the selector 210B, the orthogonal code storage unit 220, and the orthogonal code multiplication unit 230 can be used to configure the transmission signal generation unit in the radar apparatus 100B of the present embodiment.
- the transmission timing control unit 500 changes at least one set of adjacent N transmission pulses transmitted within one transmission period, that is, an interval between transmission timings of two transmission pulses, every M transmission periods.
- a transmission timing control signal is generated.
- Transmission timing control section 500 outputs a transmission timing control signal to selector 210B, transmission radio section 250B, and code sequence correlator 330B.
- At least one pair of adjacent N transmission pulses transmitted within one transmission cycle that is, two transmission pulses have different transmission timing intervals, and the transmission period with other transmission pulses is time. If there is no overlap, there is no particular limitation.
- the transmission timing interval may be monotonously increased every M transmission cycles, or may be changed using a random number value.
- the selector 210B based on the transmission timing control signal generated by the transmission timing control unit 500, at least one set of adjacent N transmission pulses transmitted within one transmission period, that is, 2 for every M transmission periods.
- the transmission code selection timing interval used for generating one transmission pulse is changed and selected.
- the transmission radio section 250B Based on the transmission timing control signal generated by the transmission timing control section 500, the transmission radio section 250B has at least one set of adjacent N transmission pulses transmitted within one transmission period for every M transmission periods, That is, the transmission timing interval of two transmission pulses is changed and transmitted.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the transmission timing interval of transmission pulses in the radar apparatus 100B of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 illustrates an example in which the transmission timing interval between the transmission pulse P11 and the transmission pulse P21 is changed every M transmission cycles.
- the changed interval is not limited to the interval of each transmission timing between the transmission pulse P11 and the transmission pulse P21.
- the interval between the transmission timings of the transmission pulse P11 and the transmission pulse P21 is a constant T12 (1).
- the transmission timing control unit 500 changes the interval between the transmission timings of the transmission pulse P11 and the transmission pulse P21 to T12 (2) ( ⁇ T12 (1)).
- a transmission timing control signal for generating the transmission timing is generated. Accordingly, the radar apparatus 100B can change the transmission timing interval between the transmission pulse P11 and the transmission pulse P21 to T12 (2) in the second M transmission cycles shown in FIG.
- each code sequence correlator that uses a transmission pulse whose transmission timing interval is changed as a correlation coefficient is the transmission generated by the transmission timing control unit 500.
- the interval of each transmission timing between the transmission pulse P11 and the transmission pulse P21 is changed. Accordingly, the first code sequence correlator 331B and the second code sequence correlator 332B calculate the correlation of their own sliding correlation values every M transmission periods based on the transmission timing control signal generated by the transmission timing control unit 500. Change the start timing of the period.
- the transmission timing control unit 500 sends a transmission timing control signal to the delay units 401 to 40 (N ⁇ 1). Is output.
- the delay device that gives each time difference between each transmission pulse whose transmission timing interval is changed and the first transmission pulse to be transmitted as a delay amount is Based on the transmission timing control signal generated by the timing control unit 500, the delay amount of the digital baseband reception pulse as the output of the ADC 320 is changed for every M transmission cycles according to the changed transmission timing interval. To do.
- the delay unit 401 calculates the delay amount of the digital baseband reception pulse as the output of the ADC 320 for each M transmission cycles based on the transmission timing control signal generated by the transmission timing control unit 500 by T12 (1 ) To T12 (2).
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a coherent addition result in the radar apparatus 100B of the third embodiment.
- the leftmost diagram shown in FIG. 10 shows, for example, the first code sequence over M transmission cycles before the transmission timing interval between the transmission pulse P11 and the transmission pulse P21 is changed from T12 (1) to T12 (2).
- the coherent addition result of the sliding correlation value calculated by the correlator 331B is shown.
- the result of coherent addition is, for example, the peak of the sliding correlation value of the transmission pulse (desired wave) using the first code sequence, the transmission pulse using the first code sequence, and the transmission pulse using the second code sequence.
- FIG. 10 including the residual interference component is, for example, the peak of the sliding correlation value of the transmission pulse (desired wave) using the first code sequence, the transmission pulse using the first code sequence, and the transmission pulse using the second code sequence.
- the central diagram shown in FIG. 10 shows the first code over the M transmission cycles after the transmission timing interval between the transmission pulse P11 and the transmission pulse P21 is changed from T12 (1) to T12 (2), for example.
- the coherent addition result of the sliding correlation value calculated by the sequence correlator 331B is shown.
- the rightmost diagram shown in FIG. 10 shows a coherent addition result over a total of 2M transmission cycles of the leftmost diagram shown in FIG. 10 and the central diagram shown in FIG.
- the interference component between the transmission pulse P11 and the transmission pulse P21 is an ideal environment (for example, a direct wave is used by a coherent addition result of sliding correlation values calculated over M transmission periods. Canceled where possible line-of-sight communication is possible).
- the interval between the transmission timings of the transmission pulse P11 and the transmission pulse P21 is changed from T12 (1) to T12 (2).
- the period in which components appear is different.
- the transmission pulse P11 is doubled by the coherent addition of the respective coherent addition results in the leftmost diagram and the central diagram shown in FIG.
- an addition gain is obtained, since the transmission timing interval of the residual interference component is changed, the magnitude of the residual interference component is the same as that generated in the coherent addition result over the M transmission cycles.
- the radar apparatus 100B according to the transmission timing control signal generated by the transmission timing control unit 500, transmits at least two transmission pulses among N transmission pulses transmitted within one transmission period. Change the transmission timing interval.
- the radar apparatus 100B transmits the transmission pulse P11 as a desired wave based on the coherent addition result over the transmission cycle of 2M times shown in the rightmost diagram of FIG.
- the coherent addition gain that is twice as high can be obtained at 1 and the received SNR can be further improved compared to the magnitude of the residual interference component.
- a radar apparatus 100C that switches the directivity (main beam direction) of N transmission pulses transmitted within one transmission cycle will be described.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a radar apparatus 100C according to the fourth embodiment.
- a radar apparatus 100C illustrated in FIG. 11 includes a transmission beam control unit 600, a code sequence storage unit 200, a selector 210, an orthogonalized code storage unit 220, an orthogonalized code multiplication unit 230, a DAC 240, and, for example, four pieces.
- the transmission beam control unit 600 transmits a transmission beam control signal indicating the different main beam directions of the transmission pulses of N transmission pulses P11 to PN1 to be transmitted within the first transmission period to N transmission pulses. Generate every time.
- the transmission beam control unit 600 sequentially outputs N transmission beam control signals generated for each transmission pulse to the transmission radio unit 250C in the first transmission cycle, for example.
- the transmission radio unit 250C includes a phase shifter (not shown) that changes the phase of the transmission pulse for each of the four transmission antennas 261 to 264.
- the transmission radio section 250C changes the phase of the transmission pulse in each phase shifter based on the N transmission beam control signals generated for each transmission pulse by the transmission beam control section 600, and thereby responds to the transmission beam control signal.
- a transmission pulse forming the main beam direction is transmitted (see FIG. 12).
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a transmission beam in the radar apparatus 100C according to the fourth embodiment.
- Transmission radio section 250C switches the main beam direction of the transmission pulse transmitted from the transmission antenna by electronically changing the phase of the transmission pulse in the phase shifter using the plurality of transmission antennas 261 to 264.
- the main beam direction of the transmission pulse may be mechanically switched.
- the radar apparatus 100C may have a plurality of reception antennas as well as the transmission antenna, and switch the directivity of the reception pulse electronically or mechanically.
- the transmission beam BMR (transmission pulse) to which the beam direction is given is transmitted, and further, the transmission beam BML (transmission pulse) to which the left main beam direction is given to the transmission pulse using the second code sequence is transmitted (FIG. 12). And FIG. 13).
- the radar apparatus 100C transmits the transmission beam BMR in which the right main beam direction is added to the transmission pulse P11 using the first code sequence within the first transmission period shown in FIG. A transmission beam BML in which the left main beam direction is added to the transmission pulse using the sequence is transmitted. In addition, the radar apparatus 100C also transmits the transmission beam BMR to which the main beam direction in the right direction is given and the main beam in the left direction in each of the second and subsequent transmission cycles shown in FIG. 13, as in the first transmission cycle. The transmission with the transmission beam BML provided with the beam direction is repeated.
- the signal power of the reception pulse reflected by the target TG of the transmission beam BMR to which the main beam direction in the right direction is given increases,
- the signal power of the reception pulse in which the transmission beam BML to which the main beam direction is given is reflected by the target TG is small.
- the code of the transmission pulse using the first code sequence is used as a correlation coefficient in each transmission cycle.
- the sliding correlation value between the reception pulse and the transmission pulse reflected by the target TG of the transmission beam BMR to which the right main beam direction is given is large, and the transmission beam BMR to which the left main beam direction is given is the target.
- the sliding correlation value between the reception pulse and the transmission pulse reflected by the TG is small.
- the coherent addition unit 341 In the coherent addition unit 341 to which the correlation output of the first code sequence correlator 331 is input, the sliding correlation value between the reception pulse and the transmission pulse of the transmission beam BMR to which the right main beam direction is given is reflected by the target TG.
- the coherent addition gain is obtained in the result of coherent addition.
- the interference residual component becomes small.
- the code of the transmission pulse using the second code sequence is used as a correlation coefficient in each transmission cycle.
- the sliding correlation value between the reception pulse and the transmission pulse reflected by the target TG of the transmission beam BMR to which the right main beam direction is given is small, and the transmission beam BML to which the left main beam direction is given is the target.
- the sliding correlation value between the reception pulse and the transmission pulse reflected by the TG is also small.
- the sliding correlation value between the reception pulse and the transmission pulse of the transmission beam BML to which the main beam direction in the left direction is given is reflected by the target TG.
- the coherent addition gain cannot be obtained in the coherent addition result.
- the coherent addition result of the sliding correlation value between the reception pulse and the transmission pulse reflected by the target TG of the transmission beam BMR to which the right main beam direction is given that is, the interference residual component becomes small.
- the radar apparatus 100 ⁇ / b> C performs transmission by switching different main beam directions to N transmission pulses transmitted within one transmission period in accordance with the transmission beam control signal generated by the transmission beam control unit 600. Send the beam.
- the radar apparatus 100C can obtain the effects of the radar apparatus 100 of the first embodiment. Further, in the coherent addition results of the coherent addition units 341 to 34N, the target exists in the main beam direction of the transmission beam. A coherent addition gain is obtained.
- the radar apparatus 100C uses the coherent addition results of the coherent addition units 341 to 34N to which the correlation outputs of the first code sequence correlator 331 to the Nth code sequence correlator 33N are input as the coherent addition of N sector radars. It can be used as a result.
- the radar apparatus 100C transmits a transmission beam in which the main beam is switched to a transmission pulse for each transmission code sequence, interference between the transmission beams of each transmission pulse can be suppressed.
- the center frequency of the local signal used when the transmission radio unit of the radar apparatus converts the transmission code sequence into a high frequency signal is the same.
- a radar apparatus 100E that varies the center frequency of a local signal used when a transmission radio unit converts a transmission code sequence into a high-frequency signal for each transmission code sequence will be described.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a radar apparatus 100E according to the fifth embodiment.
- the radar apparatus 100E shown in FIG. 16 includes a code sequence storage unit 200, N DACs 2401 to 240N, transmission radio units (transmission RF units) 2501 to 250N to which N transmission antennas 2601 to 260N are connected, Reception radio units (reception RF units) 3101 to 310N to which N reception antennas 3001 to 300N are connected, N ADCs 3201 to 320N, a code sequence correlator 330, and a coherent addition unit 340 are included.
- the difference between the radar apparatus 100E shown in FIG. 16 and the radar apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 is that the number of combinations of DACs, transmission radio units, and transmission antennas (hereinafter referred to as “transmission system”) is the same as the number of transmission code sequences.
- the number of sets of reception antennas, reception radio units, and ADCs (hereinafter referred to as “reception system”) is N, which is the same as the type of transmission code sequence, and an orthogonal code is not used.
- N is an integer equal to or greater than 2, and is the same number as the type of transmission code sequence stored in the code sequence storage unit 200.
- the center frequencies used in the transmission radio units 2501 to 250N of each transmission system and the reception radio units 3101 to 310N of each reception system are different.
- the center frequency used in the k (k: integer from 1 to N) th transmission radio unit and the center frequency used in the kth reception radio unit are the same.
- the N transmission code sequences may be the same or different.
- the kth reception system performs a correlation operation using a code sequence corresponding to the transmission pulse generated in the kth transmission system.
- the radar apparatus 100E uses the transmission radio units 2501 to 250N that generate signals of different N types of center frequencies and the reception radio units 3101 to 310N that convert high-frequency reception signals into baseband signals. In this way, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of interference of transmission pulses transmitted between the transmission systems by omitting the superimposition of orthogonal codes in each transmission code sequence.
- the radar apparatus 100E can transmit N transmission pulses in one transmission cycle T, and can obtain a good SNR N times as compared with the case of transmitting one transmission pulse. Further, by combining the radar apparatus 100E of the present embodiment and the radar apparatus 100 of the first embodiment, that is, the orthogonal code is further superimposed (multiplied) on the transmission code sequence and further used between the transmission systems. By changing the center frequency, a better SNR can be obtained.
- the radar apparatus 100C transmits a transmission beam whose main beam direction is switched to a transmission pulse for each transmission code sequence.
- a plurality of transmission code sequences are used. A transmission beam whose main beam direction is switched every time may be transmitted.
- the radar apparatus 100C transmits a transmission beam having a right main beam direction to each transmission pulse using the first code sequence and the second code sequence, and transmits the third code sequence and the second code sequence.
- a transmission beam having a left main beam direction is transmitted to each transmission pulse using a 4-code sequence.
- the radar apparatus 100 ⁇ / b> C uses the coherent addition result of the sliding correlation value between the reception pulse and the transmission pulse in which each transmission pulse using the first and second code sequences is reflected by the target, and the third and fourth code sequences.
- the received pulse reflected by the target is compared with the result of coherent addition of the sliding correlation value of the transmitted pulse.
- the radar apparatus 100C uses each coherent addition result as each coherent addition result in the first sector radar and the second sector radar, so that the radar apparatus according to the related art can transmit one transmission code within one transmission period. Compared to the case of transmitting a transmission pulse using a sequence, twice as many received SRNs are obtained.
- the configuration of the radar device 100C according to the fourth embodiment and the modified example of the fourth embodiment described above is added to each configuration of the radar device 100A according to the second embodiment or the radar device 100B according to the third embodiment. And may be combined.
- the present disclosure is useful as a radar apparatus that obtains a high reception SNR by suppressing interference between transmission pulses with a simple configuration.
- 100, 100A, 100B, 100C Radar device 200 Code sequence storage unit 201 First code sequence storage unit 202 Second code sequence storage unit 20N Nth code sequence storage unit 210 Selector 220 Orthogonal code storage unit 230 Orthogonal code multiplication unit 240 DAC 250, 250C Transmission radio unit 260 Transmission antenna 300 Reception antenna 310 Reception radio unit 320 ADC 330, 420 Code sequence correlator 331 First code sequence correlator 332 Second code sequence correlator 33N Nth code sequence correlator 340, 341, 342, 34N Coherent adder 401, 40 (N-1) delay unit 410 Addition 500 Transmission Timing Control Unit 600 Transmission Beam Control Unit
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態のレーダ装置100は、1送信周期T内に、N個の異なる送信符号と後述する直交化符号とを乗算してN個の送信パルスを順次生成し、各送信パルスを高周波信号に変換して送信アンテナから送信する。レーダ装置100は、M回の送信周期T毎に、N×M個の高周波信号に変換された送信パルスの送信を繰り返す。なお、以後は、高周波信号に変換された送信パルスについても、送信パルスと記載する。
第1符号系列Anは、(A1,A2,A3,A4~A16)、
第2符号系列Bnは、(B1,B2,B3,B4~B16)、
第3符号系列Cnは、(C1,C2,C3,C4~C16)、
第4符号系列Dnは、(D1,D2,D3,D4~D16)、
となる。なお、各符号系列間は有相関でも無相関でも良いが、無相関であれば後述する送信パルス間の干渉を一層抑圧できる。
第1符号系列(An,Bn)は、(A1,B1,A2,B2~A8,B8)、
第2符号系列(Cn,Dn)は、(C1,D1,C2,D2~C8,D8)、
第3符号系列(En,Fn)は、(E1,F1,E2,F2~E8,F8)、
第4符号系列(Gn,Hn)は、(G1,H1,G2,H2~G8,H8)、
となる。(An,Bn)、(Cn,Dn)、(En,Fn)及び(Gn,Hn)は互いに相補符号系列である。また、AnとCnとEnとGnとの間、更に、BnとDnとFnとHnとの間は、有相関でも無相関でも良いが、無相関であれば後述する送信パルス間の干渉を一層抑圧できる。
第1符号系列記憶部201が格納する第1符号系列(An,Bn)は、
(A,B,A,B,A,B,A,B)
第2符号系列記憶部202が格納する第2符号系列(Cn,Dn)は、
(C,D,C,D,C,D,C,D)
第3符号系列記憶部203(不図示)が格納する第3符号系列(En,Fn)は、
(E,F,E,F,E,F,E,F)
第N(=4)符号系列記憶部20N(=4)が格納する第N(=4)符号系列(Gn,Hn)は、
(G,H,G,H,G,H,G,H)とする。即ち、送信符号系列(An,Bn,Cn,Dn,En,Fn,Gn,Hn)は、送信パルスの送信周期に拘わらず、全て同一の送信符号系列(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H)が用いられる。
送信符号A=[-1,-1,-1, 1]、
送信符号B=[-1,-1, 1,-1]、
送信符号C=[-1, 1, 1, 1]、
送信符号D=[ 1, 1,-1, 1]、
送信符号E=[ 1,-1,-1,-1]、
送信符号F=[-1, 1,-1,-1]、
送信符号G=[ 1, 1, 1,-1]、
送信符号H=[ 1,-1, 1, 1]、
を用いる。即ち、送信符号Aと送信符号B、送信符号Cと送信符号D、送信符号Eと送信符号F、送信符号Gと送信符号Hは、それぞれ相補符号である。
C1(m)=[ 1,-1, 1,-1, 1,-1, 1,-1,
1,-1, 1,-1, 1,-1, 1,-1]、
C2(m)=[ 1, 1,-1,-1, 1, 1,-1,-1,
1, 1,-1,-1, 1, 1,-1,-1]、
C3(m)=[ 1, 1, 1, 1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
1, 1, 1, 1,-1,-1,-1,-1]、
C4(m)=[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1]、
である。
送信パルスP11=第1符号系列A・直交化符号C11
=[-1,-1,-1, 1]・[ 1]=[-1,-1,-1, 1]、
送信パルスP21=第2符号系列C・直交化符号C21
=[-1, 1, 1, 1]・[ 1]=[-1, 1, 1, 1]、
送信パルスP31=第3符号系列E・直交化符号C31
=[ 1,-1,-1,-1]・[ 1]=[ 1,-1,-1,-1]、
送信パルスP41=第4符号系列G・直交化符号C41
=[ 1, 1, 1,-1]・[ 1]=[ 1, 1, 1,-1]、
送信パルスP12=第1符号系列B・直交化符号C12
=[-1,-1, 1,-1]・[-1]=[ 1, 1,-1, 1]、
送信パルスP22=第2符号系列D・直交化符号C22
=[ 1, 1,-1, 1]・[ 1]=[ 1, 1,-1, 1]、
送信パルスP32=第3符号系列F・直交化符号C32
=[-1, 1,-1,-1]・[ 1]=[-1, 1,-1,-1]、
送信パルスP42=第4符号系列H・直交化符号C42
=[ 1,-1, 1, 1]・[ 1]=[ 1,-1, 1, 1]、
送信パルスP13=第1符号系列A・直交化符号C13
=[-1,-1,-1, 1]・[ 1]=[-1,-1,-1, 1]、
送信パルスP23=第2符号系列C・直交化符号C23
=[-1, 1, 1, 1]・[-1]=[ 1,-1,-1,-1]、
送信パルスP33=第3符号系列E・直交化符号C33
=[ 1,-1,-1,-1]・[ 1]=[ 1,-1,-1,-1]、
送信パルスP43=第4符号系列G・直交化符号C43
=[ 1, 1, 1,-1]・[ 1]=[ 1, 1, 1,-1]、
~、
送信パルスP116=第1符号系列B・直交化符号C116
=[-1,-1, 1,-1]・[-1]=[ 1, 1,-1, 1]、
送信パルスP216=第2符号系列D・直交化符号C216
=[ 1, 1,-1, 1]・[-1]=[-1,-1, 1,-1]、
送信パルスP316=第3符号系列F・直交化符号C316
=[-1, 1,-1,-1]・[-1]=[ 1,-1, 1, 1]、
送信パルスP416=第4符号系列H・直交化符号C416
=[ 1,-1, 1, 1]・[-1]=[-1, 1,-1,-1]
上述した第1の実施形態のレーダ装置100は、1回の送信周期TにおいてN種類の送信パルスの送信区間Twをずらして送信した。
第1の実施形態では、符号系列相関器330は、1送信周期内に送信されるN個の送信パルスの生成に用いる送信符号系列数と同数必要であった。
第1,第2の各実施形態では、1送信周期内に送信されるN個の送信パルスのうち隣接する少なくとも1組、即ち2個の送信パルスの送信タイミングの間隔は、M回の送信周期にわたって固定である場合を想定して説明した。
第1~第3の各実施形態では、レーダ装置が1送信周期T内に送信するN個の送信パルスをM回繰り返す送信において指向性は固定であることを想定して説明した。なお、第1~第3の各実施形態においても、複数のアンテナを用いたアレイアンテナを用意して、N×M個の送信パルスを単位として指向性を制御すれば、送信ビーム制御は可能である。
上述した各実施形態では、レーダ装置の送信無線部が送信符号系列を高周波信号に変換する場合に用いるローカル信号の中心周波数は同一であった。
200 符号系列記憶部
201 第1符号系列記憶部
202 第2符号系列記憶部
20N 第N符号系列記憶部
210 セレクタ
220 直交化符号記憶部
230 直交化符号乗算部
240 DAC
250、250C 送信無線部
260 送信アンテナ
300 受信アンテナ
310 受信無線部
320 ADC
330、420 符号系列相関器
331 第1符号系列相関器
332 第2符号系列相関器
33N 第N符号系列相関器
340、341、342、34N コヒーレント加算部
401、40(N-1) 遅延器
410 加算器
500 送信タイミング制御部
600 送信ビーム制御部
Claims (7)
- 請求項1に記載のレーダ装置であって、
前記送信信号生成部は、
前記N種類の送信符号系列を格納する送信符号記憶部と、
前記N×M種類の直交化符号系列を格納する直交化符号記憶部と、
前記N種類の送信符号系列の各送信符号と、前記N×M種類の直交化符号系列のうち前記M番目の送信周期に用いるN個の各直交化符号とを乗算する直交化符号乗算部と、を含む、
レーダ装置。 - 請求項1又は2に記載のレーダ装置であって、
前記N個の送信パルスがターゲットにより反射された各反射波信号を受信アンテナにおいて受信してベースバンドのN個の受信パルスを生成する受信無線部と、
前記N個の直交化符号が乗算された前記N個の送信パルスと前記N個の受信パルスとの相関値を演算するN個の相関演算部と、
前記M個の送信周期にわたって演算された前記相関値を加算するコヒーレント加算部と、を更に含む、
レーダ装置。 - 請求項1又は2に記載のレーダ装置であって、
前記N個の送信パルスがターゲットにより反射された各反射波信号を受信アンテナにおいて受信してベースバンドのN個の受信パルスを生成する受信無線部と、
前記N個の送信パルスのうち第1番目と第2番目の各送信パルスの送信タイミングの時間差分から、前記第1番目と第N番目の各送信パルスの送信タイミングの時間差分までに応じた各遅延量を、前記N個の受信パルスのうちN-1個の受信パルスに付与するN-1個の遅延器と、
前記遅延量が付与された前記N-1個の受信パルスと前記遅延量が付与されない1個の前記受信パルスとを加算する加算器と、
前記N個の直交化符号が乗算された前記N個の送信パルスと前記加算器の出力との相関値を演算する相関演算部と、
前記M個の送信周期にわたって演算された前記相関値を加算するコヒーレント加算部と、を更に含む、
レーダ装置。 - 請求項4に記載のレーダ装置であって、
前記相関演算部は、
前記N個の送信パルスの符号の加算結果を相関係数として用いて、前記相関値を演算する、
レーダ装置。 - 請求項1~3のうちいずれか一項に記載のレーダ装置であって、
前記M個の送信周期毎に、前記N個の送信パルスのうち少なくとも2個の各送信パルスの送信タイミングの間隔を変更させる送信タイミング制御信号を出力する送信タイミング制御部と、を更に備え、
前記送信信号生成部は、
前記送信タイミング制御信号を基に、前記N個の送信パルスのうち少なくとも2個の各送信パルスの送信タイミングの間隔を変更する、
レーダ装置。 - 請求項1~3のうちいずれか一項に記載のレーダ装置であって、
前記送信周期内における前記N個の送信パルスの異なる主ビーム方向を示す送信ビーム制御信号を、1送信周期にN回出力する送信ビーム制御部と、を更に備え、
前記送信無線部は、
前記送信ビーム制御信号を基に、前記N個の送信パルスの主ビーム方向を切り換えて送信する、
レーダ装置。
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JP2016102745A (ja) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-02 | パナソニック株式会社 | レーダ送信装置およびレーダ受信装置 |
JP2017032522A (ja) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-02-09 | パナソニック株式会社 | レーダ装置 |
JP2019039903A (ja) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-03-14 | 三星電子株式会社Samsung Electronics Co.,Ltd. | 車両のレーダーを用いたオブジェクト検出方法及び装置 |
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JP6375250B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-03 | 2018-08-15 | パナソニック株式会社 | レーダ装置 |
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