WO2014125645A1 - 風車翼及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
風車翼及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014125645A1 WO2014125645A1 PCT/JP2013/053859 JP2013053859W WO2014125645A1 WO 2014125645 A1 WO2014125645 A1 WO 2014125645A1 JP 2013053859 W JP2013053859 W JP 2013053859W WO 2014125645 A1 WO2014125645 A1 WO 2014125645A1
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- blade
- cut surface
- wind turbine
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2230/00—Manufacture
- F05B2230/80—Repairing, retrofitting or upgrading methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05B2240/302—Segmented or sectional blades
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
- Y10T29/49336—Blade making
- Y10T29/49337—Composite blade
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a wind turbine blade used for a wind turbine generator and a method for manufacturing the same.
- wind turbine generators using wind power have been spreading from the viewpoint of conservation of the global environment.
- the wind turbine generator converts wind kinetic energy into rotational energy of a wind turbine blade (more precisely, the entire rotor including the wind turbine blade), and further converts this rotational energy into electric power by a generator.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for manufacturing a wind turbine blade by impregnating a dry fiber sheet placed on a mold with a resin and curing the resin as one of typical methods for manufacturing a wind turbine blade. ing. In such a manufacturing method, usually only one type of wind turbine blade matched to the shape of the mold can be manufactured, and a mold is required for each airfoil.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose a configuration in which an extension unit is connected to the tip of an existing wind turbine blade to modify the wind turbine blade in order to adjust the performance of the wind turbine blade according to environmental conditions.
- JP 2009-287514 A European Patent Application No. 2365212 European Patent Application No. 2444657
- Patent Document 1 does not disclose a technique related to blade length adjustment in the first place.
- the methods of Patent Documents 2 and 3 only describe a configuration in which a blade is extended by adding an extension unit, and no method for shortening a long windmill blade is presented.
- An object of at least one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade capable of manufacturing a wind turbine blade having a desired length from a long reference blade, and a wind turbine blade manufactured thereby.
- a method for manufacturing a wind turbine blade includes: A cutting step of cutting the reference wing at m cutting surfaces (where m is an even number) whose wing length direction positions are different to obtain (m + 1) sections; Among the sections, a wind turbine blade shorter than the reference blade is formed by joining the most blade root side section and the most blade tip side section and joining (m / 2 + 1) sections not adjacent to each other to each other. And a joining step for obtaining.
- the above method for manufacturing a wind turbine blade is useful in various situations because a wind turbine blade having a desired length shorter than that of the reference blade can be obtained.
- the method for manufacturing a wind turbine blade it is possible to manufacture a plurality of types of wind turbine blades from a mold for a reference blade, which eliminates the need to prepare a mold for each model of the wind turbine generator, and reduces manufacturing costs. Can be made cheaper.
- it is possible to obtain a wind turbine blade for an old wind power generator from a large blade of the latest wind power generator as a reference blade it is difficult to obtain a wind turbine blade for an old wind power generator.
- the cut surface of each of the pair of sections joined to each other in the joining step is a length of a width direction line connecting a front edge and a rear edge of the cut surface.
- the angle formed with respect to the cord direction of the reference wing is set so that the lengths substantially coincide with each other.
- the “code direction” refers to the direction of a line (code) that is orthogonal to the blade axis and connects the leading edge and the trailing edge of the reference blade.
- the “blade axis” refers to an axis along the blade length direction of the reference wing.
- the center line of the blade cross section at each radial position of the reference wing (a point at an equal distance from the back side and the ventral side) It is defined as a line connecting the blade thickness maximum position on the blade leading direction from the leading edge to the trailing edge) in the blade length direction.
- a first cut surface belonging to the section on the blade root side of the pair of the sections, and a first section belonging to the section on the blade tip side of the pair of the sections. 2 cut surfaces are joined, and the width direction line in the first cut surface is parallel to the cord direction, or approaches the blade tip side from the trailing edge toward the leading edge.
- the width direction line in the second cut surface is inclined with respect to the cord direction so as to approach the blade root side as it goes from the trailing edge toward the front edge. ing.
- the width direction line of the first cut surface on the blade root side is parallel to the cord direction, or is inclined with respect to the cord direction so as to approach the blade tip side from the trailing edge toward the leading edge.
- the blade length on the trailing edge side is equal to or less than the blade length on the leading edge side.
- the width direction line of the second cutting surface on the blade tip side is inclined with respect to the cord direction so as to approach the blade root side from the trailing edge toward the leading edge.
- the trailing edge side is shorter than the leading edge side. Therefore, when the blade root side section and the blade tip side section are joined, a wind turbine blade having a receding angle in which the blade tip side section is bent toward the trailing edge side with respect to the blade root side section is obtained. . Therefore, the collision angle of raindrops, dust, etc. can be reduced, and the erosion resistance can be improved. Further, since the wind turbine blade has a receding angle, it is possible to suppress an increase in noise and reduce a fatigue load.
- the number m of the cut surfaces is an even number of 4 or more
- the width direction line in the i-th cut surface (i is an odd number of (m ⁇ 1) or less) from the blade root side is It is parallel to the chord direction, or is inclined with respect to the chord direction so as to approach the blade tip side from the trailing edge toward the leading edge, and (i + 1) th from the blade root side
- the width direction line in the cut surface is inclined with respect to the cord direction so as to approach the blade root side as it goes from the rear edge toward the front edge.
- a wind turbine blade having a receding angle in which the section on the blade tip side is bent toward the trailing edge side with respect to the section on the blade root side is obtained, and benefits such as improved erosion resistance, noise suppression, and reduced fatigue load are obtained. it can. Further, as described above, by providing a plurality of sets of the i-th cut surface and the (i + 1) -th cut surface from the blade root side, the front edge and the rear edge of the wind turbine blade can be brought close to smooth curves, respectively. The aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade can be improved.
- the cutting surface of each of the pair of sections joined together in the joining step is a point on the ventral side surface of the reference wing at the maximum thickness position of the cutting surface.
- the angle formed with respect to the blade thickness direction of the reference blade is set so that the lengths of the thickness direction lines connecting the point and the point on the back side surface substantially coincide with each other.
- a first cut surface belonging to the section on the blade root side of the pair of the sections, and a first section belonging to the section on the blade tip side of the pair of the sections. 2 cut surfaces are joined, and the thickness direction line in the first cut surface is parallel to the blade thickness direction or approaches the blade tip side from the ventral side toward the back side
- the blade thickness direction is inclined with respect to the blade thickness direction
- the thickness direction line in the second cut surface approaches the blade root side as it goes from the ventral side surface to the back side surface. It is inclined with respect to.
- the thickness direction line of the first cut surface on the blade root side is parallel to the blade thickness direction, or with respect to the blade thickness direction so as to approach the blade tip side from the ventral side to the back side.
- the blade length on the ventral side is equal to or less than the blade length on the back surface.
- the thickness direction line of the second cut surface on the blade tip side is inclined with respect to the blade thickness direction so as to approach the blade root side from the ventral side to the back side of the reference blade.
- the blade length is shorter on the ventral side than on the back side.
- the number m of the cut surfaces is an even number of 4 or more
- the thickness direction line in the i-th cut surface (i is an odd number of (m ⁇ 1) or less) from the blade root side is
- the blade is parallel to the blade thickness direction, or is inclined with respect to the blade thickness direction so as to approach the blade tip side from the ventral side to the back side of the reference blade, and from the blade root side
- the thickness direction line in the (i + 1) th cut surface is inclined with respect to the blade thickness direction so as to approach the blade root portion side from the ventral side to the back side of the reference wing.
- the windmill blade in which the section on the blade tip portion side is bent toward the abdominal side with respect to the section on the blade root portion side can be obtained, and the same effect as the winglet can be enjoyed.
- the abdomen side surface and the back side surface of the wind turbine blade are brought close to smooth curves, respectively. And aerodynamic performance can be improved.
- the m cut surfaces include a first cut surface belonging to the section on the blade root side of the pair of sections joined together in the joining step, and the pair of the sections.
- a first width direction line that includes a second cut surface that belongs to the section on the blade tip side and is joined to the first cut surface, and that connects a front edge and a rear edge of the first cut surface.
- the angle formed with respect to the cord direction is ⁇ 1
- the angle formed by the second width direction line connecting the leading edge and the trailing edge of the second cut surface with respect to the cord direction is ⁇ 2
- the first The angle formed by the first thickness direction line connecting the point on the ventral side surface and the point on the back side surface of the reference blade at the maximum thickness position of one cutting plane with respect to the blade thickness direction is ⁇ 1
- the second cutting A point on the ventral side and a point on the dorsal side at the maximum thickness position of the surface Second thickness direction line is a 2 angle ⁇ which forms with the blade thickness direction, when blade thickness ratio of the second cutting plane and the first cutting surface is substantially equal, satisfy the following relation linking . (Cos ⁇ 1 / cos ⁇ 1 ) ⁇ (cos ⁇ 2 / cos ⁇ 2 )
- a wind turbine blade according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, Of the (m + 1) sections obtained by cutting the reference wing at m cutting planes (where m is an even number) having different positions in the wing length direction, the section closest to the blade root and the most wing tip side It is characterized in that (m / 2 + 1) sections including sections and not adjacent to each other are joined to each other.
- the wind turbine blade Since the wind turbine blade has a desired length shorter than that of the reference blade, it is useful in the various situations described above.
- the shapes of the joining surfaces of two adjacent sections are substantially the same. Thereby, the continuity of a windmill blade can be ensured and the aerodynamic performance of a windmill blade can be maintained highly.
- a wind turbine generator With windmill wings, A generator configured to be driven by rotation of the windmill blade, Of the (m + 1) sections obtained by cutting the reference wing at m cutting planes (where m is an even number) having different positions in the blade length direction, the wind turbine blade is the section closest to the blade root and the most It is characterized in that (m / 2 + 1) sections that include sections on the blade tip side and are not adjacent to each other are joined together.
- the wind power generator has a wind turbine blade having a desired length shorter than that of the reference blade, it is useful in various situations.
- a wind turbine blade having a desired length shorter than that of the reference blade can be obtained.
- This is useful in a variety of situations. For example, it is not necessary to separately prepare a mold for manufacturing a wind turbine blade for each model of the wind turbine generator, and the manufacturing cost of the wind turbine blade can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the structural example of a wind power generator. It is a perspective view which shows the structural example of the reference
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a wind turbine generator.
- the wind turbine blade 110 is a wind turbine blade 30 (see FIG. 5) or a wind turbine blade 50 (see FIG. 7) obtained by a manufacturing method described later.
- the rotation of the rotor is input to a generator (not shown), and electric power is generated in the generator.
- the wind turbine blade 110 is attached to the hub 102 by fixing the blade root portion 114 of the wind turbine blade 110 to the hub 102 using an arbitrary fastening member.
- the distance from the rotation center O of the wind turbine blade 110 (that is, the rotation center of the rotor) to the blade tip 112 of the wind turbine blade 110 is defined as the rotation radius R, and from the rotation center O to an arbitrary radial position P.
- the length of the wind turbine blade 110 is referred to as a radial distance r at the radial position P.
- the definition of the rotation center O, the rotation radius R, and the radial distance r is described for the wind turbine blade 110, but the definitions of these terms also apply to the reference blade described later.
- the method for manufacturing a wind turbine blade uses a reference blade to manufacture a wind turbine blade having a blade length shorter than that of the reference blade.
- the reference wing is cut with m (where m is an even number) cut surfaces having different positions in the blade length direction to obtain (m + 1) sections, and (m + 1) pieces Of the sections including the most blade root section and the most blade tip section, and (m / 2 + 1) sections that are not adjacent to each other are joined together to form a wind turbine blade shorter than the reference blade. Obtaining a joining step.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration example of a reference wing according to an embodiment.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating each cut surface in the embodiment, in which FIG. 3A is a side view of the reference wing viewed from the ventral side, and FIG. 3B is a plan view of the reference wing viewed from the rear edge side.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating each cut surface according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the first cut surface
- FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the second cut surface.
- a reference blade 1 shown in FIG. 2 is a blade used as a material for manufacturing a wind turbine blade 30 (see FIG. 5) having a desired length.
- the reference blade 1 includes a blade tip portion 2, a blade root portion 4, and an airfoil portion 6 positioned between the blade tip portion 2 and the blade root portion 4.
- the airfoil 6 has a leading edge 7 and a trailing edge 8.
- the airfoil portion 6 has a ventral side (pressure side) 9 and a back side (suction side) 10 provided between the leading edge 7 and the trailing edge 8.
- the reference wing 1 may be molded using a mold.
- the reference wing 1 is molded by impregnating a fiber woven fabric sheet placed on a mold with a resin and heat curing the resin.
- a reference wing 1 is molded by placing a prepreg in which a resin impregnated in a fiber woven fabric sheet is semi-cured in advance up to the B stage on a mold, and heat-curing the resin of the prepreg.
- the reference wing 1 may be an existing wing whose wing length is longer than the wind turbine blade 30 to be finally obtained.
- the reference blade 1 is cut by the two first cutting surfaces 12 and the second cutting surfaces 14 having different positions in the blade length direction L.
- the first cut surface 12 is a cut surface at a radial position P 1 on the blade root portion 4 side
- the second cut surface 14 is a cut surface at a radial position P 2 on the blade tip portion 2 side. That is, the first cut surface 12 is a cut surface belonging to the section 32 on the blade root portion 4 side of the pair of sections 32 and 36 that are joined to each other in a joining step that will be described later
- the second cut surface 14 is a pair of sections. This is a cut surface belonging to the section 36 on the blade tip 2 side of the sections 32 and 36.
- the reference blade 1 is cut at two locations of the first cut surface 12 and the second cut surface 14, whereby the first section 32, the second section 34, and the third section 36 are sequentially arranged from the blade root portion 4 side. Three sections containing are obtained.
- the first section 32 closest to the blade root 4 and the third section 36 closest to the blade tip 2 are joined together to obtain the wind turbine blade 30 shown in FIG. That is, the second section 34 located in the middle of the three sections 32, 34, and 36 is removed, and the first section 32 on the blade root 4 side and the third section 36 on the blade tip 2 side that are not adjacent to each other are joined to each other. A windmill blade 30 is obtained.
- the front edge 7 and the rear edge 8 of the first joint surface 22 (first cut surface 12) of the first section 32 are respectively connected to the second joint surface 24 (second cut surface) of the third section 36. It may be aligned with the leading edge 7 and trailing edge 8 of 14).
- the ventral side surface 9 and the back side surface 10 of the first joint surface 22 of the first section 32 are aligned with the ventral side surface 9 and the back side surface 10 of the second joint surface 24 of the third section 36, respectively. Also good.
- the method for joining the sections in the joining step is not particularly limited. For example, joining by an adhesive, joining by bolt fastening, or the like is used. Since the wind turbine blade 30 is in a state in which the second section 34 is removed from the reference blade 1, the wind turbine blade 30 shorter than the reference blade 1 is obtained.
- blade axis L refers to an axis along the blade length direction of the reference blade 1, for example, a blade cross section at each radial position of the reference blade 1. Is defined as a line connecting the blade thickness maximum position of the center line (a line connecting a point at equal distance from the back side surface 10 and the ventral side surface 9 from the leading edge 7 to the trailing edge 8) in the blade length direction.
- code direction C is a direction of a line (cord) orthogonal to the blade axis L and connecting the leading edge 7 and the trailing edge 8 of the reference blade 1.
- the “blade thickness direction T” refers to the direction of a line perpendicular to the blade axis L and the cord direction C and connecting the abdominal side surface 9 and the back side surface 10.
- the cut surfaces 12 and 14 of each of the pair of sections 32 and 36 that are joined to each other in the joining step are in the cord direction C.
- the angle formed by the operator may be set as follows. That is, the length l c1 of the width direction line 13A connecting the front edge 7 and the rear edge 8 in the first cut surface 12 and the width direction line 15A connecting the front edge 7 and the rear edge 8 in the second cut surface 14 are shown.
- the angle ⁇ 1 formed by the width direction line 13A of the first cut surface 12 with respect to the cord direction C and the width direction line 14A of the second cut surface 14 are the cord direction so that the length l c2 is substantially the same.
- angle alpha 2 which makes with C may be respectively set.
- the angle alpha 1 which satisfies the following relational expression (1) may be set to an angle alpha 2.
- the width direction line 13A of the first cut surface 12 belonging to the first section 32 on the blade root portion 4 side of the pair of sections 32 and 26 joined in the joining step is parallel to the cord direction C, or Further, it may be inclined with respect to the cord direction C so as to approach the blade tip 2 side from the trailing edge 8 toward the leading edge 7. That is, the angle alpha 1 to the code direction C of the first cut surface 12 may be 0 ° or more.
- the width direction line 15A of the second cut surface 14 belonging to the third section 36 on the blade tip 2 side of the pair of sections 32 and 36 joined in the joining step is forward from the trailing edge 8 of the reference blade 1.
- the angle alpha 2 to the code direction C of the second cut surface 14 may be greater than 0 °.
- the angle ⁇ 1 of the first cut surface 12 is the second cut in order to satisfy the above formula (1). It may be smaller than the angle ⁇ 2 of the surface 14.
- the width direction line 13A of the first cut surface 12 belonging to the first action 32 on the blade root 4 side is parallel to the cord direction C, or the blade tip as it goes from the trailing edge 8 toward the leading edge 7. Since it is inclined with respect to the cord direction C so as to approach the second side, in the first section 32, the blade length on the trailing edge 8 side is equal to or shorter than the blade length on the leading edge 7 side.
- the width direction line 15A of the second cut surface 14 belonging to the third section 36 on the blade tip portion 2 side is in the cord direction C so as to approach the blade root portion 4 side from the trailing edge 8 toward the leading edge 7. Since it is inclined, in the third section 36, the blade length is shorter on the trailing edge 8 side than on the leading edge 7 side.
- the wing axis L 2 is the trailing edge side of the third section 36 relative to the wing axis L 1 of the first section 32
- a wind turbine blade 30 having a bent receding angle is obtained. Therefore, the collision angle of raindrops, dust, etc. can be reduced, and the erosion resistance can be improved. Further, since the wind turbine blade 30 has a receding angle, it is possible to suppress an increase in noise and reduce a fatigue load.
- the cut surfaces 12, 14 of the pair of sections 32, 36 joined together in the joining step are in the blade thickness direction T.
- the angle formed with respect to the image may be set as follows. That is, the length l t1 of the thickness direction line 13B connecting the point on the ventral side surface 9 and the point on the back side surface 10 at the maximum thickness position of the first cut surface 12 and the maximum thickness position of the second cut surface 14 as the length l t2 of the thickness direction line 15B connecting the points on the point and the dorsal aspect 10 of the ventral aspect 9 is substantially the same, thickness direction line 13B of the first cut surface 12 is the blade thickness direction An angle ⁇ 1 formed with respect to T and an angle ⁇ 2 formed with respect to the blade thickness direction T by the thickness direction line 15B of the second cut surface 14 may be set.
- the reference wing 1 may be inclined with respect to the blade thickness direction T so as to approach the blade tip 2 side from the ventral side surface 9 to the back side surface 10. That is, the angle ⁇ 1 formed by the first cut surface 12 with respect to the blade thickness direction T may be 0 ° or more.
- the thickness direction line 15B of the second cut surface 14 belonging to the third section 36 on the blade tip 2 side of the pair of sections 32 and 26 joined in the joining step is from the ventral side surface 9 of the reference blade 1. You may incline with respect to the blade thickness direction T so that it may approach the blade root part 4 side as it goes to the back side surface 10. That is, the angle beta 2 of the second cutting plane 14 with respect to the blade thickness direction T may be greater than 0 °.
- the thickness direction line 13B of the first cut surface 12 belonging to the first section 32 on the blade root portion 4 side is parallel to the blade thickness direction T, or from the ventral side surface 9 of the reference wing 1 to the back side surface. Since it is inclined with respect to the blade thickness direction T so as to approach the blade tip 2 side as it goes to 10, the blade length on the ventral side surface 9 is equal to or less than the blade length on the back side surface 10 in the first section 32.
- the thickness direction line 15B of the second cut surface 14 belonging to the third section 36 on the blade tip portion 2 side is closer to the blade root portion 4 side from the ventral side surface 9 of the reference blade 1 toward the back side surface 10.
- the flank length is shorter on the ventral side surface 9 than on the back side surface 10. Therefore, when the first section 32 and the third section 36 are joined, as shown in FIG. 5, the wind turbine blade 30 in which the third section 36 is bent toward the ventral side surface 9 with respect to the first section 32 is obtained. Thereby, the effect
- the angles of the cut surfaces 14 and 24 may be set so as to satisfy the following relational expression (3).
- the radial position P 1 of the first cut surface 12 is defined by 0.9> r 1 /R ⁇ 0.7
- the radial position P 2 of the second cut surface 14 is r 2 / R ⁇ It may be specified by 0.9.
- R is the rotation radius of the reference blade 1
- r 1 is the radial distance at the radial position P 1
- r 2 is the radial distance at the radial position P 2 . If the cutting positions P 1 and P 2 of the reference blade 1 are set in this way, the generation of blade tip vortices can be suppressed while maintaining blade efficiency for converting wind energy into rotor rotational energy, and aerodynamic performance is improved.
- a high wind turbine blade 30 can be manufactured.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams for explaining each cut surface in another embodiment.
- FIG. 6A is a side view of the reference wing viewed from the ventral side
- FIG. 6B is a plan view of the reference wing viewed from the rear edge side.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a wind turbine blade according to another embodiment.
- first cut surface 42 is a cutting surface at a radial position P 1
- second cut surface 44 is a cutting surface at a radial position P 2
- third cut surface 46 is a cutting surface at a radial position P 3
- fourth cut surface 48 is a cutting surface at a radial position P 4.
- the configuration of the reference wing 1 is the same as that shown in FIG. As described above, the reference blade 1 is cut at four points of the first cut surface 42 to the fourth cut surface 48, whereby the first section 52, the second section 54, the third section 56, Five sections including a fourth section 58 and a fifth section 60 are obtained.
- the joining step three sections including the first section 52 closest to the blade root 4 and the fifth section 60 closest to the blade tip 2 and not adjacent to each other are joined together. That is, the first section 52 and the third section 56 that are not adjacent to each other are bonded to each other, and the third section 56 and the fifth section 60 that are not adjacent to each other are bonded to each other. In this way, the wind turbine blade 50 shown in FIG. 7 is obtained.
- the length l c1 of the width direction line 43A of the first cut surface 42 belonging to the first section 52 and the width direction line 45A of the second cut surface 44 belonging to the third section 56 are referred to.
- the angle ⁇ 1 of the width direction line 43A with respect to the cord direction C and the angle ⁇ 2 of the width direction line 45A with respect to the cord direction C may be set so that the length l c2 is substantially the same. Specifically, when the code length at the radial position P 1 is c 1 and the code length at the radial position P 2 is c 2 , the length l c1 is approximated by c 1 / cos ⁇ 1 and the length l c2 is c.
- the angle alpha 1 which satisfies the following relationship (4) may be set to an angle alpha 2. (C 1 / cos ⁇ 1 ) ⁇ (c 2 / cos ⁇ 2 ) (4)
- the length l c1 ′ of the width direction line 47A of the third cut surface 46 belonging to the third section 56 and the length l c2 ′ of the width direction line 49A of the fourth cut surface 48 belonging to the fifth section 60 are obtained.
- the angle ⁇ 1 ′ of the width direction line 47A with respect to the cord direction C and the angle ⁇ 2 ′ of the width direction line 49A with respect to the cord direction C may be set so as to be substantially the same. Specifically, when the code length at the radial position P 3 is c 1 ′ and the code length at the radial position P 4 is c 2 ′, the length l c1 ′ is approximated by c 1 ′ / cos ⁇ 1 ′.
- angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 1 ′, ⁇ 2 ′ are set in this way, as shown in FIG. 7, the first joint surface 62 and the second joint surface 64 joined in the joining step, and the first In the third joint surface 66 and the fourth joint surface 68, the continuity of each of the front edge 7 and the rear edge 8 is ensured, and the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade 30 can be maintained high.
- the length l t1 of the thickness direction line 43B of the first cut surface 42 belonging to the first section 52 and the thickness direction line of the second cut surface 44 belonging to the third section 56 are referred to.
- the angle ⁇ 1 of the thickness direction line 43B with respect to the blade thickness direction T and the angle ⁇ 2 of the thickness direction line 45B with respect to the blade thickness direction T are set so that the length l t2 of 45B is substantially the same. May be.
- the length l t1 in the thickness direction line 47B of the third cut surface 46 belonging to the third section 56 'and the length in the thickness direction line 49B of the fourth cut surface 48 belonging to the fifth section 60 l t2' And the angle ⁇ 1 ′ of the thickness direction line 47B with respect to the blade thickness direction T and the angle ⁇ 2 ′ of the thickness direction line 49B with respect to the blade thickness direction T may be set respectively.
- the length l t1 ′ is approximated by t 1 ′ / cos ⁇ 1 ′.
- angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 1 ′, ⁇ 2 ′ are set in this way, as shown in FIG. 7, the first joint surface 62 and the second joint surface 64 joined in the joining step, The continuity of the abdominal side surface 9 and the back side surface 10 is ensured at the third joint surface 66 and the fourth joint surface 68, and the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade 50 can be maintained high.
- the number m of cut surfaces is 4, but when the number m of cut surfaces is an even number of 4 or more, the cord direction C or the blade length direction T of the cut surfaces.
- the inclination angle with respect to may be set as follows.
- the width direction of the i-th (i is an odd number less than or equal to (m-1)) cut surface (the first first cut surface 42 and the third third cut surface 46 in FIG. 6) from the blade root 4 side.
- the line may be parallel to the cord direction C, or may be inclined with respect to the cord direction C so as to approach the blade tip 2 side from the trailing edge 8 toward the leading edge 7. That is, in FIG. 6, the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 1 ′ may be 0 ° or more.
- the width direction line of the (i + 1) th cut surface from the blade root 4 side is from the rear edge 8 to the front edge 7.
- the angles ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 2 ′ may be larger than 0 °.
- the wing axis L 2 of the third section 56 of the wing tip 2 side with respect to the wing axis L 1 of the first section 52 of the blade root 4 side, and, the blade root 4 side the wind turbine blade 50 is obtained having a receding angle blade axis L 3 of the fifth section 60 of the blade tip portion 2 side is bent to the trailing edge 8 side with respect to the wing axis L 2 of the third section 56, the erosion resistance Benefits include improvements, noise suppression and reduced fatigue load.
- the windmill blade 50 front edge 7 and the rear edge 8 have smooth curves, respectively.
- the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade 50 can be improved.
- the i-th (i is an odd number less than (m ⁇ 1)) th cut surface (in FIG. 6, the first first cut surface 42 and the third The thickness direction line of the third cut surface 46) is parallel to the blade thickness direction T, or with respect to the blade thickness direction T so as to approach the blade tip 2 side from the ventral side 9 toward the back side 10. May be inclined. That is, in FIG. 6, the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 1 ′ may be 0 ° or more.
- the thickness direction line of the (i + 1) -th cut surface from the blade root 4 side (the second second cut surface 44 and the fourth fourth cut surface 48 in FIG. 6) is from the ventral side surface 9 to the back side surface.
- the angles ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 2 ′ may be larger than 0 °.
- the wing axis L 2 of the third section 56 of the wing tip 2 side with respect to the wing axis L 1 of the first section 52 of the blade root 4 side, and, the blade root 4 side wind turbine blade 50 which blade axis L 3 of the fifth section 60 of the blade tip portion 2 side is bent to the ventral aspect 9 is obtained relative to the wing axis L 2 of the third section 56, you can enjoy the same advantages as winglets .
- the ventral side surface 9 and the back side surface 10 of the wind turbine blade 50 are each smoothly curved.
- the aerodynamic performance can be improved.
- the wind turbine blades 30 and 50 having a desired length shorter than that of the reference blade 1 can be obtained. This is useful in a variety of situations. For example, it is not necessary to separately prepare a mold for manufacturing a wind turbine blade for each model of the wind turbine generator, and the manufacturing cost of the wind turbine blades 30 and 50 can be reduced. Further, since the wind turbine blades 30 and 50 for the old wind power generator can be obtained from the large blade of the latest wind power generator as the reference blade 1, it is difficult to obtain the wind turbine blade for the old wind power generator. Even in this case, it is possible to replace the blades of the old wind power generator. In addition, even when the old blades are available, wind turbine blades 30 and 50 having a desired length shorter than that of the reference blade 1 can be obtained from the viewpoint of high performance, low noise, and low load of the wind turbine blades. Is beneficial.
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Abstract
Description
例えば、既設の風力発電装置においては、風車翼への落雷や他の何らかの原因で運転停止を余儀なくされている風力発電装置、また、エロージョンやその他の経年劣化による翼損傷によって大幅に性能低下した状態で運転を継続している風力発電装置が多く存在する。風力発電装置の翼換装を行えば発電量は回復するが、旧型の風力発電装置の場合、風車翼メーカーが旧型翼の製造設備(モールド)を廃却していることがあり、この場合には、旧型翼そのものの入手は困難である。また、風力発電装置は年々大型化が進んでいるために、旧型の翼長の短い翼は最新の大型の翼によって代替できないのが通常である。したがって、入手が比較的容易な最新の風力発電装置用の大型翼を翼長調整によって短翼化したうえで、旧型の風力発電装置に装着することが考えられる。
また、複数機種の風力発電装置の風車翼を一つのモールドで製造する場合にも、風車翼の翼長調整による短翼化技術は有用であると考えられる。
翼長方向の位置が異なるm個(但し、mは偶数)の切断面で基準翼を切断して、(m+1)個のセクションを得る切断ステップと、
前記セクションのうち、最も翼根部側のセクション及び最も翼先端部側のセクションを含み、且つ、互いに隣接しない(m/2+1)個のセクションを相互に接合して、前記基準翼よりも短い風車翼を得る接合ステップとを備えることを特徴とする。
例えば、上記風車翼の製造方法によれば、基準翼用のモールドから複数種類の長さの風車翼を製造することもでき、風力発電装置の機種ごとにモールドを準備する必要が無くなり、製造コストの低廉化が可能になる。また、基準翼としての最新の風力発電装置の大型翼から旧型の風力発電装置用の風車翼を得ることができるから、旧型の風力発電装置用の風車翼の入手が困難である場合であっても、風車翼の損傷によって運転停止を余儀なくされたり、性能低下を被ったりしている旧型の風力発電装置の翼換装が可能となる。さらに、最新の風力発電装置用の風車翼は、旧型翼よりも高性能・低騒音・低荷重を実現するために最新技術による設計がなされたものが多いので、旧型翼が入手可能な状況においても、風車翼の高性能化・低騒音化・低荷重化の観点から上記風車翼の製造方法は有用である。
なお、本明細書において、「コード方向」とは、翼軸線に直交し、基準翼の前縁と後縁を結ぶ線(コード)の方向をいう。また、「翼軸線」とは、基準翼の翼長方向に沿った軸線のことをいい、例えば、基準翼の各半径位置における翼断面の中心線(背側面と腹側面から等しい距離にある点を前縁から後縁までつないだ線)上の翼厚最大位置を翼長方向に接続した線として定義される。
これにより、接合ステップにて接合される一対のセクション間の接合面において、前縁および後縁のそれぞれの連続性が確保され、風車翼の空力性能を高く維持することができる。
このように、翼根部側の第1切断面の幅方向線は、コード方向に平行であるか、又は、後縁から前縁に向かうにつれて翼先端側に近づくようにコード方向に対して傾斜しているので、第1切断面を端面として有する翼根部側のセクションでは後縁側の翼長は前縁側の翼長以下になる。一方、翼先端部側の第2切断面の幅方向線は、後縁から前縁に向かうにつれて翼根部側に近づくようにコード方向に対して傾斜しているので、第2切断面を端面として有する翼先端部側のセクションでは後縁側の方が前縁側よりも翼長が短くなる。このため、翼根部側のセクションと翼先端部側のセクションとを接合したとき、翼根部側のセクションに対して翼先端部側のセクションが後縁側に屈曲した後退角を有する風車翼が得られる。よって、雨滴や砂塵等の衝突角度を浅くし、耐エロージョン性を向上させることができる。また、風車翼が後退角を有することにより、騒音増加の抑制及び疲労荷重の低減も図れる。
これにより、翼根部側のセクションに対して翼先端部側のセクションが後縁側に屈曲した後退角を有する風車翼が得られ、耐エロージョン性の向上や、騒音抑制及び疲労荷重低減といったメリットを享受できる。また、上述のように、翼根部側からi番目の切断面と(i+1)番目の切断面とのセットを複数設けることで、風車翼の前縁及び後縁をそれぞれ滑らかな曲線に近づけることができ、風車翼の空力性能を向上させることができる。
これにより、接合ステップにて接合される一対のセクション間の接合面において、腹側面(正圧面)及び背側面(負圧面)のそれぞれの連続性が確保され、風車翼の空力性能を高く維持することができる。
なお、本明細書において、「翼厚方向」とは、翼軸線及びコード方向に直交し、腹側面と背側面とを結ぶ線の方向をいう。
このように、翼根部側の第1切断面の厚さ方向線は、翼厚方向に平行であるか、又は、腹側面から背側面に向かうにつれて翼先端側に近づくように翼厚方向に対して傾斜しているので、第1切断面の翼根部側のセクションでは腹側面における翼長は背側面における翼長以下になる。一方、翼先端部側の第2切断面の厚さ方向線は、基準翼の腹側面から背側面に向かうにつれて翼根部側に近づくように翼厚方向に対して傾斜しているので、第2切断面の翼先端部側のセクションでは腹側面の方が背側面よりも翼長が短くなる。このため、翼根部側のセクションと翼先端部側のセクションとを接合したとき、翼根部側のセクションに対して翼先端部側のセクションが腹側面に屈曲した風車翼が得られる。これにより、ウィングレットと同様の作用が得られる。すなわち、翼端渦が発生し難く、翼効率の高い風車翼を製造することができる。
これにより、翼根部側のセクションに対して翼先端部側のセクションが腹側面に屈曲した風車翼が得られ、ウィングレットと同様な効果を享受できる。また、上述のように、翼根部側からi番目の切断面と(i+1)番目の切断面とのセットを複数個設けることで、風車翼の腹側面及び背側面をそれぞれ滑らかな曲線に近づけることができ、空力性能を向上させることができる。
(cosβ1/cosα1)≒(cosβ2/cosα2)
これにより、風車翼の連続性を確保し、風車翼の空力性能をより一層向上させることができる。
翼長方向の位置が異なるm個(但し、mは偶数)の切断面で基準翼を切断して得られる(m+1)個のセクションのうち、最も翼根部側のセクション及び最も翼先端部側のセクションを含み、且つ、互いに隣接しない(m/2+1)個のセクションが相互に接合されて構成されることを特徴とする。
これにより、風車翼の連続性を確保でき、風車翼の空力性能を高く維持することができる。
風車翼と、
前記風車翼の回転によって駆動されるように構成された発電機とを備え、
前記風車翼は、翼長方向の位置が異なるm個(但し、mは偶数)の切断面で基準翼を切断して得られる(m+1)個のセクションのうち、最も翼根部側のセクション及び最も翼先端部側のセクションを含み、且つ、互いに隣接しない(m/2+1)個のセクションが相互に接合されて構成されることを特徴とする。
例えば、風力発電装置の機種ごとに風車翼製造用のモールドを個別に準備する必要が無くなり、風車翼の製造コストの低廉化が可能になる。また、基準翼としての最新の風力発電装置の大型翼から旧型の風力発電装置用の風車翼を得ることができるから、旧型の風力発電装置用の風車翼の入手が困難である場合であっても、旧型の風力発電装置の翼換装が可能となる。さらに、旧型翼が入手可能な状況下においても、風車翼の高性能化・低騒音化・低荷重化の観点から、基準翼よりも短い所望長さの風車翼が得られることは有益である。
風車翼110のハブ102への取付けは、風車翼110の翼根部114をハブ102に任意の締結部材を用いて固定することで行われる。
幾つかの実施形態では、基準翼を、翼長方向の位置が異なるm個(但し、mは偶数)の切断面で切断して(m+1)個のセクションを得る切断ステップと、(m+1)個のセクションのうち、最も翼根部側のセクション及び最も翼先端部側のセクションを含み、且つ、互いに隣接しない(m/2+1)個のセクションを相互に接合して、基準翼よりも短い風車翼を得る接合ステップとを備える。
なお、図2~図5に示す例示的な実施形態では、切断面の個数m=2である。
同図に示すように、基準翼1は、翼先端部2と、翼根部4と、翼先端部2と翼根部4との間に位置する翼型部6とを備えている。翼型部6は、前縁(leading edge)7と後縁(trailing edge)8とを有する。また、翼型部6は、前縁7と後縁8の間に設けられた腹側面(正圧面:pressure side)9及び背側面(負圧面:suction side)10を有する。
さらにまた、基準翼1は、最終的に得たい風車翼30より翼長が長い既存の翼であってもよい。
このように、基準翼1が第1切断面12及び第2切断面14の2箇所で切断されることによって、翼根部4側から順に第1セクション32、第2セクション34及び第3セクション36を含む3つのセクションが得られる。
接合ステップにおけるセクション間の接合方法は特に限定されないが、例えば、接着剤による接合、ボルト締結による接合等が用いられる。風車翼30は、基準翼1から第2セクション34を取り除いた状態となっているので、基準翼1よりも短い風車翼30が得られる。
具体的には、半径位置P1におけるコード長がc1、半径位置P2におけるコード長がc2である場合、長さlc1はc1/cosα1で近似され、長さlc2はc2/cosα2で近似されるので、以下の関係式(1)を満たす角度α1、角度α2に設定してもよい。
(c1/cosα1)≒(c2/cosα2) …(1)
これにより、図5に示すように、接合ステップにて接合される第1接合面22及び第2接合面24において、前縁7および後縁8のそれぞれの連続性が確保され、風車翼30の空力性能を高く維持することができる。また、第1セクション32の第1接合面22及び第3セクション36の第2接合面24の形状が略一致するように構成してもよい。
一方、接合ステップにて接合される一対のセクション32,36のうち翼先端部2側の第3セクション36に属する第2切断面14の幅方向線15Aは、基準翼1の後縁8から前縁7に向かうにつれて翼根部4側に近づくようにコード方向Cに対して傾斜していてもよい。すなわち、第2切断面14のコード方向Cに対する角度α2が0°より大きくてもよい。
このとき、コード長が翼根部4から翼先端部2へ向けて翼長方向に単調減少する場合、上記式(1)を満たすためには、第1切断面12の角度α1は第2切断面14の角度α2より小さいであってもよい。
具体的には、半径位置P1における翼厚がt1、半径位置P2における翼厚がt2である場合、長さlt1はt1/cosβ1で近似され、長さlt2はt2/cosβ2で近似されるので、以下の関係式(2)を満たす角度β1、角度β2に設定してもよい。
(t1/cosβ1)≒(t2/cosβ2) …(2)
これにより、図5に示すように、接合ステップにて接合される第1接合面22及び第2接合面24において、腹側面9及び背側面10のそれぞれの連続性が確保され、風車翼30の空力性能を高く維持することができる。
一方、接合ステップにて接合される一対のセクション32,26のうち翼先端部2側の第3セクション36に属する第2切断面14の厚さ方向線15Bは、基準翼1の腹側面9から背側面10に向かうにつれて翼根部4側に近づくように翼厚方向Tに対して傾斜していてもよい。すなわち、第2切断面14が翼厚方向Tに対してなす角度β2は0°より大きくてもよい。
(cosβ1/cosα1)≒(cosβ2/cosα2) …(3)
さらに、α1≒β1(=0を含む)のとき、α2≒β2を満たすように、各切断面14,24の角度を設定してもよい。
これにより、風車翼の連続性を確保し、風車翼の空力性能をより一層向上させることができる。
このように基準翼1の切断位置P1及びP2を設定すれば、風のエネルギーをロータの回転エネルギーに変換する翼効率を維持しながら、翼端渦の発生を抑制可能で、空力性能の高い風車翼30を製造可能となる。
なお、図6及び図7に示す例示的な実施形態では、切断面の個数m=4である。
このように、基準翼1が第1切断面42~第4切断面48の4箇所で切断されることによって、翼根部4側から順に第1セクション52、第2セクション54、第3セクション56、第4セクション58、第5セクション60を含む5つのセクションが得られる。
具体的には、半径位置P1におけるコード長がc1、半径位置P2におけるコード長がc2である場合、長さlc1はc1/cosα1で近似され、長さlc2はc2/cosα2で近似されるので、以下の関係式(4)を満たす角度α1、角度α2に設定してもよい。
(c1/cosα1)≒(c2/cosα2) …(4)
具体的には、半径位置P3におけるコード長がc1’、半径位置P4におけるコード長がc2’である場合、長さlc1’はc1’/cosα1’で近似され、長さlc2’はc2’/cosα2’で近似されるので、以下の関係式(5)を満たす角度α1’、角度α2’に設定してもよい。
(c1’/cosα1’)≒(c2’/cosα2’) …(5)
具体的には、半径位置P1における翼厚がt1、半径位置P2における翼厚がt2である場合、長さlt1はt1/cosβ1で近似され、長さlt2はt2/cosβ2で近似されるので、以下の関係式(6)を満たす角度β1、角度β2に設定してもよい。
(t1/cosβ1)≒(t2/cosβ2) …(6)
具体的には、半径位置P3における翼厚がt1’、半径位置P4における翼厚がc2’である場合、長さlt1’はt1’/cosβ1’で近似され、長さlt2’はt2’/cosβ2’で近似されるので、以下の関係式(7)を満たす角度β1’、角度β2’に設定してもよい。
(t1’/cosβ1’)≒(t2’/cosβ2’) …(7)
一方、翼根部4側から(i+1)番目の切断面(図6では2番目の第2切断面44と、4番目の第4切断面48)の幅方向線は、後縁8から前縁7に向かうにつれて翼根部4側に近づくようにコード方向Cに対して傾斜していてもよい。すなわち、図6においては、角度α2、α2’が0°より大きくてもよい。
これにより、図7に示すように、翼根部4側の第1セクション52の翼軸線L1に対して翼先端部2側の第3セクション56の翼軸線L2、及び、翼根部4側の第3セクション56の翼軸線L2に対して翼先端部2側の第5セクション60の翼軸線L3が後縁8側に屈曲した後退角を有する風車翼50が得られ、耐エロージョン性の向上や、騒音抑制及び疲労荷重低減といったメリットを享受できる。また、上述のように、翼根部4側からi番目の切断面と(i+1)番目の切断面とのセットを複数設けることで、風車翼50前縁7及び後縁8をそれぞれ滑らかな曲線に近づけることができ、風車翼50の空力性能を向上させることができる。
一方、翼根部4側から(i+1)番目の切断面(図6では2番目の第2切断面44と、4番目の第4切断面48)の厚さ方向線は、腹側面9から背側面10に向かうにつれて翼根部4側に近づくように翼厚方向Tに対して傾斜していてもよい。すなわち、図6においては、角度β2、β2’が0°より大きくてもよい。
これにより、図7に示すように、翼根部4側の第1セクション52の翼軸線L1に対して翼先端部2側の第3セクション56の翼軸線L2、及び、翼根部4側の第3セクション56の翼軸線L2に対して翼先端部2側の第5セクション60の翼軸線L3が腹側面9に屈曲した風車翼50が得られ、ウィングレットと同様な効果を享受できる。また、上述のように、翼根部4側からi番目の切断面と(i+1)番目の切断面とのセットを複数設けることで、風車翼50の腹側面9及び背側面10をそれぞれ滑らかな曲線に近づけることができ、空力性能を向上させることができる。
例えば、風力発電装置の機種ごとに風車翼製造用のモールドを個別に準備する必要が無くなり、風車翼30,50の製造コストの低廉化が可能になる。また、基準翼1としての最新の風力発電装置の大型翼から旧型の風力発電装置用の風車翼30,50を得ることができるから、旧型の風力発電装置用の風車翼の入手が困難である場合であっても、旧型の風力発電装置の翼換装が可能となる。さらに、旧型翼が入手可能な状況下においても、風車翼の高性能化・低騒音化・低荷重化の観点から、基準翼1よりも短い所望長さの風車翼30,50が得られることは有益である。
なお、上述の実施形態では、基準翼1の切断面の個数mが2又は4の場合について説明したが、切断ステップにおける切断面の個数mは2以上の偶数であればよく、特に限定されるものではない。
2 翼先端部
4 翼根部
6 翼型部
7 前縁
8 後縁
9 腹側面
10 背側面
12,42 第1切断面
22,62 第1接合面
14,44 第2切断面
24,64 第2接合面
30,50 風車翼
32,52 第1セクション
34,54 第2セクション
36,56 第3セクション
46 第3切断面
48 第4切断面
58 第4セクション
60 第5セクション
66 第3接合面
68 第4接合面
Claims (11)
- 翼長方向の位置が異なるm個(但し、mは偶数)の切断面で基準翼を切断して、(m+1)個のセクションを得る切断ステップと、
前記セクションのうち、最も翼根部側のセクション及び最も翼先端部側のセクションを含み、且つ、互いに隣接しない(m/2+1)個のセクションを相互に接合して、前記基準翼よりも短い風車翼を得る接合ステップとを備えることを特徴とする風車翼の製造方法。 - 前記切断ステップでは、前記接合ステップにおいて相互に接合される一対の前記セクションの各々の前記切断面は、該切断面における前縁と後縁とを結ぶ幅方向線の長さが互いに略一致するように前記基準翼のコード方向に対してなす角度が設定されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の風車翼の製造方法。
- 前記接合ステップでは、前記一対の前記セクションのうち前記翼根部側の前記セクションに属する第1切断面と、前記一対の前記セクションのうち前記翼先端部側の前記セクションに属する第2切断面とが接合され、
前記第1切断面内の前記幅方向線は、前記コード方向に平行であるか、又は、前記後縁から前記前縁に向かうにつれて前記翼先端側に近づくように前記コード方向に対して傾斜しており、
前記第2切断面内の前記幅方向線は、前記後縁から前記前縁に向かうにつれて前記翼根部側に近づくように前記コード方向に対して傾斜していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の風車翼の製造方法。 - 前記切断面の個数mが4以上の偶数であり、前記翼根部側からi(iは(m-1)以下の奇数)番目の切断面内の前記幅方向線は、前記コード方向に平行であるか、又は、前記後縁から前記前縁に向かうにつれて前記翼先端側に近づくように前記コード方向に対して傾斜しており、
前記翼根部側から(i+1)番目の切断面内の前記幅方向線は、前記後縁から前記前縁に向かうにつれて前記翼根部側に近づくように前記コード方向に対して傾斜していることを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載の風車翼の製造方法。 - 前記切断ステップでは、前記接合ステップにおいて相互に接合される一対の前記セクションの各々の前記切断面は、該切断面の最大厚位置における前記基準翼の腹側面上の点と背側面上の点とを結ぶ厚さ方向線の長さが互いに略一致するように前記基準翼の翼厚方向に対してなす角度が設定されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の風車翼の製造方法。
- 前記接合ステップでは、前記一対の前記セクションのうち前記翼根部側の前記セクションに属する第1切断面と、前記一対の前記セクションのうち前記翼先端部側の前記セクションに属する第2切断面とが接合され、
前記第1切断面内の前記厚さ方向線は、前記翼厚方向に平行であるか、又は、前記腹側面から前記背側面に向かうにつれて前記翼先端側に近づくように前記翼厚方向に対して傾斜しており、
前記第2切断面内の前記厚さ方向線は、前記腹側面から前記背側面に向かうにつれて前記翼根部側に近づくように前記翼厚方向に対して傾斜していることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の風車翼の製造方法。 - 前記切断面の個数mが4以上の偶数であり、前記翼根部側からi(iは(m-1)以下の奇数)番目の切断面内の前記厚さ方向線は、前記翼厚方向に平行であるか、又は、前記基準翼の腹側面から背側面に向かうにつれて前記翼先端側に近づくように前記翼厚方向に対して傾斜しており、
前記翼根部側から(i+1)番目の切断面内の前記厚さ方向線は、前記基準翼の腹側面から背側面に向かうにつれて前記翼根部側に近づくように前記翼厚方向に対して傾斜していることを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載の風車翼の製造方法。 - 前記m個の切断面は、前記接合ステップで相互に接合される一対の前記セクションのうち前記翼根部側の前記セクションに属する第1切断面と、前記一対の前記セクションのうち前記翼先端部側の前記セクションに属し、前記第1切断面に接合される第2切断面とを含み、
前記第1切断面における前縁と後縁とを結ぶ第1幅方向線が前記コード方向に対してなす角度がα1、前記第2切断面における前縁と後縁とを結ぶ第2幅方向線が前記コード方向に対してなす角度がα2であり、且つ、前記第1切断面の最大厚位置における前記基準翼の腹側面上の点と背側面上の点とを結ぶ第1厚さ方向線が前記翼厚方向に対してなす角度がβ1、前記第2切断面の最大厚位置における前記腹側面上の点と前記背側面上の点とを結ぶ第2厚さ方向線が前記翼厚方向に対してなす角度がβ2であって、前記第1切断面と前記第2切断面の翼厚比が略等しいとき、以下の関係式を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の風車翼の製造方法。
(cosβ1/cosα1)≒(cosβ2/cosα2) - 翼長方向の位置が異なるm個(但し、mは偶数)の切断面で基準翼を切断して得られる(m+1)個のセクションのうち、最も翼根部側のセクション及び最も翼先端部側のセクションを含み、且つ、互いに隣接しない(m/2+1)個のセクションが相互に接合されて構成されることを特徴とする風車翼。
- 隣接する2つの前記セクションの接合面の形状が略一致していることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の風車翼。
- 風車翼と、
前記風車翼の回転によって駆動されるように構成された発電機とを備え、
前記風車翼は、翼長方向の位置が異なるm個(但し、mは偶数)の切断面で基準翼を切断して得られる(m+1)個のセクションのうち、最も翼根部側のセクション及び最も翼先端部側のセクションを含み、且つ、互いに隣接しない(m/2+1)個のセクションが相互に接合されて構成されることを特徴とする風力発電装置。
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