WO2014116097A2 - Composiciones para tratamiento sistémico de condiciones patológicas resultantes de estrés oxidativo y/o desequilibrio redox - Google Patents
Composiciones para tratamiento sistémico de condiciones patológicas resultantes de estrés oxidativo y/o desequilibrio redox Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/4015—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. piracetam, ethosuximide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P39/06—Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
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- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to novel compositions for and methods for treating symptoms, syndromes, pathological conditions and problems associated with disease regulated by oxidative stress. These conditions include cancer, AIDS, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, Down syndrome, chronic inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cachexia secondary to HIV-1 infection, cancer secondary cachexia and AIDS-related complex
- ARC hypercholesterolemia
- enteric vehicle Also included is the novel preparation of active ingredient with an enteric vehicle.
- thiosulfates and sulphites have found wide use in pharmacology and / or in the formulation of final dosage forms as preservatives, antioxidants, or biocides. Therefore, thiosulfates find application in the treatment of cyanide poisoning, allergic conditions and drug sensitization caused by preparations of gold, arsenic, mercury or bismuth in humans, and in veterinary medicine as cyanide antidotes, as "general detoxifiers" and also in swelling and, externally, in the treatment of ringworm or scabies. It is claimed that the injection of aqueous solutions of sodium thiosulfate and L-cysteine or its sodium salt is effective against "bacteria and viruses" in general.
- German patent DE3419686 discloses sulfite or bisulfite solutions for treating arthritis or epilepsy.
- WO8402527 claims anti-tumor activity for adriamycin and daunomycin with the addition of sulphites, acid sulphites, pyrosulfites and / or dithionites.
- US Patent 5,045,316 issued to Kaplan claims that a combination of an ionic vanadium compound, a thiosulfate or sulphite, and optionally selenium is useful for treating malignant tumors, atherosclerosis and mental syndromes in the elderly.
- both thiosulfates and sulphites rapidly decompose when released into the stomach, such that oral administration of aqueous solutions, tablets, or capsules containing sulphites or thiosulfates cannot be used for delivery to the entrails of a mammal, to unless an enteric coating, enteric vehicle or other ad-hoc delivery system is used.
- dithionites which have been used (see above) in combination with adriamycin and daunomycin.
- sulfur compounds and thionate compounds have not been, to the best knowledge of the applicant present, nor claimed to act as disclosed herein or presented as a hypothesis for being capable of such action when delivered to a mammal.
- degenerative disease diabetes and its vascular complications, anemia, arthritis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Lateral Sclerosis Amyotrophic (ALS), Huntington's disease, muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, chronic fatigue syndrome, Friedreich's ataxia, ocular lens opacification, nephrosis, liver necrosis, dermatitis, pulmonary immune deficiency, hepatic encephalopathy, macular degeneration, related memory disability with age, Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, stroke, epilepsy, peripheral neuropathy, optic neuropathy, anatomical neuropathy, neurogenic bowel disease, sensorineural deafness, neurogenic bladder dysfunction, migraine, renal tubular acidosis, dilating cardiomyopathy, liver failure, lactic acidemia , arsenic poisoning, silicosis, paracetamol poisoning, asbestosis, asthma, rheu
- hypo-proliferative disease cancer, AIDS, herpes simplex virus 1 infection, vascular pathology induced by cytomegalovirus, arteriosclerosis, ARC, hepatitis, trypanosomiasis, vascular restenosis, psoriasis, glomerular nephritis , transplant rejection, etc.
- mitochondrial function is the key to this balance, since mitochondria regulate apoptosis - the physiological mechanism for cell removal in a controlled and timely manner.
- the defense mechanism of a mammal eliminates bodies strangers such as microorganisms (bacteria, rickettsias, viruses, fungi, protozoa, or metazoans) and abnormal cells, including neo-formed cells capable of becoming a cancerous tumor such as a carcinoma, sarcoma, myoma or lymphoid tumor through hyper-proliferation.
- microorganisms bacteria, rickettsias, viruses, fungi, protozoa, or metazoans
- abnormal cells including neo-formed cells capable of becoming a cancerous tumor such as a carcinoma, sarcoma, myoma or lymphoid tumor through hyper-proliferation.
- Cancerous tumors and hematological malignancies are usually a threat to life. In humans they include, among golds, tumors in the prostate, colon, chest, lung, kidney, liver, central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, leukemia, pancreatic, gastric, esophageal, ovarian, uterine, testicular and skin. Most human and animal cancers involve cells of epithelial origin, whose malignant transformation results in carcinomas, that is, tumors of epithelial cell origin.
- CNS central nervous system
- redox homeostasis The balance between cell proliferation and cell death in a healthy mammal depends critically on both an intact immune system, and a systemic balance sharply tuned between antioxidants and oxidants, which will be referred to hereinafter as "redox homeostasis.” Moreover, redox homeostasis is also essential for the immune system components to function properly.
- ROIs reactive oxygen intermediates
- ROIs as well as the enzymatic synthesis of prostaglandins, thromoboxanes, and leukotrienes from polyunsaturated fatty acids in epithelial cells.
- intracellular redox signaling is the result of controlled changes in the intracellular redox state. This signaling can regulate the cell cycle, including the control of DNA synthesis, enzyme activation, and gene expression. Redox signaling operates by changing the conformation of key proteins by changing the oxidation state of cysteine residues in these proteins These conformation changes affect the biological function of the protein. These conformation sensitive proteins directly affect cell growth and differentiation, as well as cell apoptosis.
- Metallothionein-JII (MT-III) is a specific metallothionein of the brain, which is markedly reduced in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other degenerative diseases. Oxidative stress seems to be one of the main factors that modulate mRNA (Messenger Ribonucleic Acid) expression of MT-III.
- Pulmonary surfactant a mixture of phospholipids and surfactant proteins (SP-A and SP-B) reduces surface tension in the air-liquid interface and protects the large epithelial surface of the lung from infectious organisms.
- Cellular oxidizers reduce surfactant protein expression.
- antioxidants reduce cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression, prostaglandin production and proliferation in colorectal cancer.
- mdr-1 type transporters in tumor cells contributes to multi-drug resistance.
- Induction of mdr-1 mRNA and mdrl-type P-glycoprotein functionally active by elevation in intra-cellular levels of reactive oxygen species and repression of intrinsic mdr-1 mRNA and over-expression of P-glycoprotein by antioxidants support the conclusion that the expression of regulated mdr-lb P-glycoproteins in a redox sensitive manner.
- BHTOOH butylated hydroxytoluene hydroperoxide
- ODC ornithine decarboxylase
- ROIs can also act indirectly as signal transducers by modifying the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO).
- inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TN -) and interleukin (ILs) induce over-production of NO (nitric oxide) is NOT a messenger synthesized endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells including neurons, smooth muscle cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and platelets.
- TN - tumor necrosis factor alpha
- ILs interleukin
- PN peroxynitrite
- DNA chain breakage is synergistically induced by NO and a catecholamine.
- antioxidant defense mechanisms which include both antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutases, glutathione peroxidases, quinone reductase, diaphorase and ceruloplasmin and low molecular weight antioxidants (LMVJAOs) such as pyruvic acid, glutathione (GSH), dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E and thioredoxin (TRX, a hydrogen carrier protein, dithiolic, relatively small, ubiquitous).
- antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutases, glutathione peroxidases, quinone reductase, diaphorase and ceruloplasmin and low molecular weight antioxidants (LMVJAOs)
- GSH glutathione
- DHLA dihydrolipoic acid
- TRX thioredoxin
- antioxidant vitamins and beta-carotene must be supplied through food consumption (e.g., in fruits and vegetables), both the thiole tripeptide glutathione and DHLA are endogenous antioxidants, as well as pyruvic acid.
- Pyruvic acid being a normal tissue metabolite, is probably non-toxic and its high effectiveness as a "peroxide stripper" is well documented; Moreover, after stripping hydrogen peroxide or organic hydroperoxides it becomes acetic acid, which means that it is intrinsically incapable of acting as a pro-oxidant. Despite these attributes, the role of pyruvic acid as an endogenous antioxidant has been widely underestimated: it is probably an important contributor but undervalued to the "redox damping" ability of blood serum.
- Glutathione (L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine) is a ubiquitous intracellular thiol in almost all mammalian tissues. ros; The liver has very high intra-cellular levels of GSH.
- GSH has multiple functions including xenobiotic detoxification; synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, leukotrienes, prostaglandins and thromboxanes through their action as a co-enzyme; and prevent other antioxidants from becoming pro-oxidants.
- GSH carries out an intra-cellular reducing environment by acting as an excellent free radical stripper both oxygen centered and nitrogen centered
- RNIs reactive nitrogen intermediates
- PN non-radical oxidants
- GSH oxidizes to GSSG
- GSH glutathione disulfide
- the GSH redox system consists of primary and secondary antioxidants, including glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-ransierase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
- GSH may also undergo reversible thiol-disulfide exchange with oxidized cysteine (ie, cystine) residues.
- DHLA and thioredoxin play roles that complement those of GSH; its oxidized forms can also be easily reduced by enzyme action.
- Vitamins C and E which can easily and reversibly act as hydrogen donors as well, also contribute to maintaining the intra-cellular oxidative-reducing balance (redox homeostasis).
- redox mediators GSH, DHLA, TRX, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and antioxidant enzymes help maintain a reducing intra-cellular environment.
- This reducing environment performs a variety of important cellular functions.
- bio-active quinones For example, cardiotonic ubiquinones and vitamin K remain in their reduced state (ubiquinol / hydroquinone), such that it minimizes the likelihood of arming DNA and generating ROIs under anaerobic or aerobic conditions.
- catecholamines adrenaline, dopamine, etc.
- hydroquinone the reduced condition
- vasoactive serotonin from oxidizing to a reactive quinonaimine.
- the intra-cellular reducing environment prevents the deactivation of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase from the heart and other oxidant-sensitive enzymes such as glutamine synthetase.
- the reducing environment attenuates hypersen- sibility induced by oxidative activation of phenolic haptens, and preserves the functional integrity of the blood brain barrier, intestinal epithelium, and endothelium of the heart. It also helps preserve cytoskeletal integrity.
- the reducing environment protects synaptosomal membranes against oxidation, and prevents the death of hippocampal neurons. It is also important to phagocytes, as it supports its random migration, chemotaxis, ingestion and superoxide production.
- GSH and glutathione peroxidase play a critical role here, since mitochondria lack catalase, an enzyme that degrades hydrogen peroxide.
- Mitochondrial diseases are disorders to which a deficit in mitochondrial respiratory chain activity contributes. Typically, these deficiencies are caused by exposure of the cells to nitric oxide and hypoxia or ischemia or oxidative stress in the tissue. These deficiencies in antioxidants or antioxidant enzymes may result in or exacerbate mitochondrial degeneration.
- redox homeostasis also requires a balance of delicate antioxidant enzyme in cells: too much Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) relative to Gpx or catalase results in the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, which in turn, through the Fenton reaction , leads to the production of hydroxyl radical and concurrent cell damage.
- SOD Superoxide Dismutase
- too little SOD enzyme is not favorable either because superoxide radicals themselves are toxic to cells. Therefore, acute tuning of antioxidant enzymes (along with non-enzymatic antioxidants) becomes imperative if the cell will function successfully in an oxygen-rich environment.
- Do n syndrome is the consequence of a congenital disturbance in the balance of antioxidant enzymes, with damage to important bio-molecules led by a highly pro-oxidant intra-cellular environment.
- NF- ⁇ nuclear transcription factor
- NF- ⁇ genes those encoding cytokines (TNF - HEARD, ILs, etc.) , and growth factors, immuno-receptors, adhesion molecules, protein throughout ⁇ nas acute phase, other transcription factors and regulated ⁇ res , NO-synthase, and viral genes. Most of the target genes for NF- ⁇ are intrinsically linked to a coordinated inflammatory response.
- NF- ⁇ has powerful significance for a variety of pathological conditions in which chronic inflammation, growth, or viral activation occur, such as tumorigenesis, HIV infection (AIDS), atherosclerosis, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis , idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, ARDS, septic shock, cirrhosis, ulcerative colitis, reperfusion injury, inflammatory bowel disease, pulmonary emphysema, neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, etc.), osteoporosis, asthma, kidney disease, rheumatoid synovitis, and the animal model of multiple sclerosis , experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.
- AIDS HIV infection
- atherosclerosis AIDS
- diabetes rheumatoid arthritis
- chronic bronchitis cystic fibrosis
- cystic fibrosis idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- TNF-OI cytokine
- NF-KB has been implicated in a wide range of diseases in which there is an inflammatory and / or hyper-proliferative component including AIDS, where HIV expression is dependent on NF- ⁇ . It is now clear that OI / RNI are activation mediators of NF- ⁇ , and also that this process can be blocked by antioxidant agents.
- Antioxidant agents can also inhibit the production of TNF-cx.
- Excessive or unregulated production of TNF-a regulates or exacerbates a number of diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid spondolitis, osteoarthritis, gouty arthritis, sepsis, septic impact, endotoxic impact, gram-negative sepsis, toxic impact syndrome, ARDS, cerebral malaria , chronic pulmonary inflammatory disease, silicosis, asbestosis, pulmonary sarcoidosis, bone resorption diseases, reperfusion injury, graft reaction against host, allograft rejections, cachexia secondary to infection or malignancy, cachexia secondary to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), AIDS-related complex, keloid formation, scar tissue formation, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, heartburn and fever and myalgia due to infection.
- AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome
- antioxidants alone as pharmacologically active agents assets have not been found exhibiting extremely powerful therapeutic effects.
- the jury is still deliberating about the effectiveness of vitamin C as a therapeutic agent.
- vitamin C may have a role in preventing the progress of diabetes, cataract, heart disease, cancer, aging, and a variety of other disease states.
- DHLA considered in some places as a unique "ideal" antioxidant, remains an intriguing possibility for the treatment of conditions (notably AIDS, atherosclerosis and diabetes) related to oxidative stress.
- vitamin E has been reported reversing oral leukoplasia (a pre-cancerous lesion).
- Supplemental beta-carotene reduces the frequency of "oral micro-nuclei" (an indicator of genotoxic damage to the oral epithelium) significantly; It is also effective against oral leukoplakia.
- Preliminary results of studies in patients infected with HIV pre-cachectic and cachectic indicate that the decrease in plasma levels of cystine, glutamine, and arginine can be corrected by N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine
- antioxidants operate extracellularly and / or in specific cellular compartments (aqueous micro-environments against lipids) and having limited functional overlap.
- Some antioxidants destroy peroxidic species and / or PN, others break free radical chains, still others deplete singlet oxygen.
- antioxidants have been shown to be able to act as prooxidants or as activators of NF- ⁇ "in vitro” and / or S in vivo "under fairly specific conditions, including ascorbic acid, beta carotene, glutathione, flavonoids, NAC, and L- cysteine Limited evidence suggests that administration of a single antioxidant may have adverse effects on the plasma levels of other antioxidants.
- the sulfur-containing substances included in the therapy system disclosed herein act as inducers of antioxidant enzymes, thereby improving the immune system and / or reactivating mitochondria and / or increasing levels of GSH, that is, their effects are similar. to those of 1,2-dithiola-3-thionas.
- the sulfur-containing substances disclosed herein act as powerful antioxidant enzyme activators. Specifically, they interact chemically, as reducers, with deactivated enzymes containing disulfide bonds which are thus dissociated and converted into thiol groups with concurrent restoration of enzyme function. In this case, its effect would be similar to that of hydrogen sulfide on deactivated (oxidized) papain.
- the mediator could be pyruvic acid (see above) since it is known that pyruvic acid can act systematically when delivered to the bowels; that is, , can be easily transported from the bowels to other tissues.
- pyruvate has been shown to improve the endogenous GSH system.Also, there is a linear relationship between the relationships of GSSG to GSH and lactate to pyruvate in human blood before, during and after The exercise.
- pyruvate synthesized in the gut by bacterial microflora from lactate and sulphite or thiosulfate (or some other sulfur species capable of suffering reduction) is then transported to the tissues of the mammal, where it acts, mainly at the mitochondrial level, as a peroxide stripper and a source of both NADH and energy (through acetyl co-enzyme A).
- NADH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced
- LA lipoic acid
- the invention presents a pharmaceutical composition in unit dose form for oral administration, the composition including an active sulfur substance, wherein the active sulfur substance is capable of providing a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective or prophylactically effective amount of a sulfide compound, thionite compound, thionate compound, thiosulfate compound, or a hydrate, salt, or mixture thereof; and optionally an enteric vehicle.
- the invention also presents a pharmaceutical composition for parentomeric administration, the composition including an active sulfur substance, wherein the substance Active sulfur is a chemical species capable of providing a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective or prophylactically effective amount of a sulfur compound, thionite compound, thionate compound, thiosulfate compound, or hydrates, salts, and mixtures thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents and adjuvants.
- Active sulfur is a chemical species capable of providing a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective or prophylactically effective amount of a sulfur compound, thionite compound, thionate compound, thiosulfate compound, or hydrates, salts, and mixtures thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents and adjuvants.
- the pharmaceutical composition includes an active sulfur substance selected from the group consisting of a sulfide compound, thionite compound, thionate compound, thiosulfate compound, or a hydrate, salt, or mixture thereof; and an enteric vehicle in the form of a capsule capable of delivering the active sulfur substance to the lower gastrointestinal tract of a subject upon ingestion without substantial release of the active sulfur substance in the subject's stomach.
- an active sulfur substance selected from the group consisting of a sulfide compound, thionite compound, thionate compound, thiosulfate compound, or a hydrate, salt, or mixture thereof.
- the composition includes a third agent and the third agent is selected from the group consisting of vitamins, micro-nutrients, co-enzyme Q10, glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, triiodothyronine, vinpocetin, pramiracetam, piracetam, hidergina, choline, niar, gallic acid, diallyl sulfide, anti-cancer agents, immunostimulants, antibiotics, hormone antagonists, anti-viral agents, anti-hypertension agents, insulin, and anti-inflammatory agents.
- the third agent is selected from the group consisting of vitamins, micro-nutrients, co-enzyme Q10, glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, triiodothyronine, vinpocetin, pramiracetam, piracetam, hidergina, choline, niar, gallic acid, diallyl sulfide, anti-cancer agents, immunostimulants,
- the active sulfur substances are present in an amount of about 50 mg to about 1,500 mg.
- the unit dose form is a hard gelatin capsule.
- the unit dose form is an acid resistant capsule selected from the group consisting of: acid-armor capsules and DRcaps acid resistant capsules.
- the composition includes about 214 parts by weight of sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH), about 640 parts by weight of distilled water, and about 2,000 parts by weight of food grade microcrystalline cellulose.
- NaSH sodium hydrosulfide
- the composition includes about 372 parts by weight of sodium thiosulfate (Na 2 S 2 0 3 ), about 640 parts by weight of distilled water, and about 2,000 parts by weight of micro cellulose -crystalline food grade.
- the enteric carrier is selected from the group consisting of: wet microcrystalline cellulose, wet powder cellulose, hypromellose, cellulose acetate phthalate, gellan gum, acrylate co-polymers of methyl methacrylic acid, cellulose acetate succinate, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose phthalate, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, polyvinyl acetate phthalate, methyl methacrylate methacrylate co-polymers, sodium alginate, and stearic acid.
- the invention also features characteristics of a method for treating or preventing a disease associated with oxidative stress, the method including administering to a subject. in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition in unit dose form for oral administration, the composition including an active sulfur substance, wherein the active sulfur substance is capable of providing a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective or prophylactically effective amount. of a sulfide compound, thionite compound, thionate compound, thiosulfate compound, or a hydrate, salt, or mixture thereof; and optionally an enteric vehicle.
- the invention presents a method for treating a disease associated with oxidative stress, the method including providing the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of an active sulfur substance selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds. , thionite compounds, thionate compounds, thiosulfate compounds, hydrates, salts, and mixtures thereof.
- an active sulfur substance selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds. , thionite compounds, thionate compounds, thiosulfate compounds, hydrates, salts, and mixtures thereof.
- the invention presents a method for preventing a disease associated with oxidative stress, the method including providing a subject in need thereof a prophylactically effective amount of an active sulfur substance selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds , thionite compounds, thionate compounds, thiosulfate compounds, hydrates, salts, and mixtures thereof.
- an active sulfur substance selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds , thionite compounds, thionate compounds, thiosulfate compounds, hydrates, salts, and mixtures thereof.
- the invention presents a method for overcoming the nutritional deficit found in subjects suffering from sulfur deficiencies, the method including providing a subject in need thereof an effective amount of an active sulfur substance selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, thionite compounds, thionate compounds, thiosulfate compounds, hydrates, salts, and mixtures thereof.
- the invention presents a method for administering an active sulfur substance to a subject in need thereof by formulating the active sulfur substance with an enteric carrier in the form of a capsule, wherein the active sulfur substance is selected to from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, thionite compounds, thionate compounds, thiosulfate compounds, hydrates, salts, and mixtures thereof and wherein the enteric vehicle is capable of delivering the active sulfur substance to the lower gastrointestinal tract of the subject before ingestion without substantial release of the active sulfur substance in the stomach of the subject.
- the invention presents a method for delivering an active sulfur substance to a subject in need thereof by any means that brings the active sulfur substance into contact with its site of action in the subject's body.
- the sulfide compound is hydrogen sulfide.
- the subject is a mammal.
- Active sulfur substances encompass: 1) sulfur compounds, 2) thiosulfate compounds, 3) thionate compounds, 4) thionite compounds, and 5) chemical species capable of providing a subject in need of lio a therapeutically effective or prophylactically effective amount of a sulfide compound, thiosulfate compound, compound of thionite, or thionate compound.
- Non-limiting examples of such chemical species include elemental sulfur, which is known to be bio-transformed into a sulfide compound (i.e. hydrogen sulfide) and / or conjugates which are known to be chemically and / or enzymatically transformed to sulfur compounds, compounds and thiosulfate, thionite compounds and / or thionate compounds.
- thiosulfate compounds are compounds formally containing the thiosulphide fraction.
- divalent fato (S 2 0 3 ) chemically bonded to hydrogen and / or a metal (or metals) and / or a polyatomic cation (or cations), such as sodium thiosulfate (Na 2 S 2 0 3 ), potassium thiosulfate ( K 2 S 2 0 3 ), sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (Na 2 S 2 0 3 -5H 2 0), magnesium thiosulfate (gS 2 0 3 ), silver thiosulfate (AgS 2 0 3 ), ammonium thiosulfate (( NH 4 ) 2 S 2 0 3 ), and the like.
- thionate compounds are compounds formally containing the divalent fraction S n 0 6 (where n> 1) chemically bonded to hydrogen and / or a metal (or metals) and / or a cation (or cations ) polyatomic, such as calcium dithionate (CaS 2 0 6 ), barium dithionate dihydrate (BaS 2 0 6 -2H 2 0), sodium trionate, sodium tetrathionate and the like.
- dietary supplement an agent, substance, and / or mixture of substances that is a food supplement or nutritional supplement with the intention of supplementing the diet and providing nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, fiber, fatty acids, or amino acids that may be missing or may not be consumed in sufficient quantities in a person's diet.
- promoting or maintaining general health is meant to help achieve a state of human health that is characterized by homeostatic equilibrium with the stable condition of properties such as temperature, pH, electrolytes, and / or metabolites.
- composition a system comprising a substance described herein, optionally formulated with an acceptable excipient, and manufactured or sold with the approval of a governmental regulatory agency as part of a therapeutic regimen for the treatment of disease. in a mammal or to promote and maintain general health.
- compositions may be formulated, for example, for oral administration in unit dose form (e.g., a tablet, capsule, e.g., an acid-armor capsule marketed by Arthur Andrew Medical, Inc., and / or a DRcaps acid resistant capsule available from Capsulgel Inc., capsule, ge capsule, or syrup); for topical administration (e.g., as a cream, gel, lotion, or ointment); for intravenous administration (e.g., as a sterile solution or colloidal dispersion free of particulate emboli and in a solvent system suitable for intravenous use); or in any other formulation described herein.
- unit dose form e.g., a tablet, capsule, e.g., an acid-armor capsule marketed by Arthur Andrew Medical, Inc., and / or a DRcaps acid resistant capsule available from Capsulgel Inc., capsule, ge capsule, or syrup
- topical administration e.g., as a cream, gel, lotion, or ointment
- a "therapeutically effective amount” refers to that amount that must be administered per day to a patient (a human or non-human mammal) so as to achieve an anti-tumor effect to modulate an immune response; to modulate gene expression; to improve Down syndrome; to treat hypercholesterolemia; to treat inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders; to treat hyper-proliferative diseases other than cancer; to treat metabolic syndrome to treat leukemia; to resolve inflammation; to treat diabetes or to treat cardiovascular disease. Methods for determining therapeutically effective amounts are well known.
- a prophylactically effective amount refers to an amount that can be administered to a patient (e.g., a human or a non-human mammal) to delay, or preferably prevent the establishment of the clinical disease
- a prophylactically effective amount can be administered to a patient with a clinically determined predisposition or increased susceptibility to the development of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, AIDS, and other pathological conditions associated with oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, an imbalance in redox homeostasis. , and / or immune dysfunction.
- safety and effective amount is meant the amount of a composition which is sufficient to produce a desired therapeutic and / or prophylactic response without undue adverse side effects (such as toxicity, irritation or allergic response) proportional to a benefit / risk ratio. reasonable when used in the manner of this invention.
- a "pharmaceutically acceptable component” is one that is suitable for use with humans and / or non-human mammals without undue adverse side effects (such as toxicity, irritation or allergic response) proportional to a benefit / risk ratio. 'reasonable.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable component is any ingredient other than the substance described herein (for example, a vehicle capable of suspending or dissolving the substance and / or active substances, e.g., petroleum jelly and polyethylene glycol) and having the properties of being non-toxic and non-inflammatory in a patient.
- Excipients may include, for example: anti-adhesives, antioxidants, binders, coatings, compression adjuvants, disintegrators, pigments (colors), emollients, emulsifiers, fillers (diluents), film liners, flavors, fragrances, glidants (enhancers flow), lubricants, preservatives, printing inks, absorbents, suspending or dispersing agents, colloid stabilizers, sweeteners, and water.
- anti-adhesives antioxidants, binders, coatings, compression adjuvants, disintegrators, pigments (colors), emollients, emulsifiers, fillers (diluents), film liners, flavors, fragrances, glidants (enhancers flow), lubricants, preservatives, printing inks, absorbents, suspending or dispersing agents, colloid stabilizers, sweeteners, and water.
- Excipients include, but are not limited to: butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate (dibasic), calcium stearate, croscarmellose, crosslinked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, citric acid, crospovidone, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose lactose, magnesium stearate, maltitol, mannitol, methylcellulose, methyl paraben, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, povidone, pre-gelatinized starch, propyl paraben, shellac, silicon dioxide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium glycolate sodium, sorbitol, starch (corn), stearic acid, sucrose, talc, titanium dioxide, and xylitol.
- BHT butylated hydroxytoluene
- Canton calcium carbonate
- Excipients may also include diluents (e.g., saline and aqueous regulatory solutions), aqueous vehicles, and non-aqueous vehicles, for example, water, ethanol, polyols (such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like), and suitable mixtures thereof, vegetable oils, such as olive oil, and injectable organic esters, such as ethyl oleate.
- diluents e.g., saline and aqueous regulatory solutions
- aqueous vehicles e.g., water, ethanol, polyols (such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like), and suitable mixtures thereof, vegetable oils, such as olive oil, and injectable organic esters, such as ethyl oleate.
- diluents e.g., saline and aqueous regulatory solutions
- aqueous vehicles e.
- enteric carrier an agent or compound added to the formulations described herein that allows the active ingredients described herein (e.g., active sulfur substances) to pass through the stomach to be absorbed into the lower gastrointestinal tract.
- An enteric vehicle is an agent or compound that protects against the effects of stomach juices, which may interact with, destroy, or degrade the active ingredient (s) described herein.
- enteric vehicles include but are not limited to: wet microcrystalline cellulose, wet powdered cellulose, hypromellose, cellulose acetate phthalate, gellan gum, co-polymers of methyl acrylate-methacrylic acid, cellulose acetate succinate, phthalate of hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate, polyvinyl acetate phthalate, co-polymers of methyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid, sodium alginate, and stearic acid.
- Combination therapy means that the patient (or non-human mammal) in need of treatment according to the present invention, is given medication not contemplated herein in addition to that disclosed herein.
- Combination therapy may be sequential therapy where the non-human patient or mammal is treated first with one or more drugs and then the other (s), or simultaneous therapy, when all drugs are co-administered.
- beneficial or desired results may include, but are not limited to, resolution of inflammation, improvement in quality of life, relief or improvement of one or more symptoms or conditions; decreased degree of disease, disorder, or condition; stabilization (that is, no worsening) of a state of disease, disorder, or condition; prevention of spreading disease, disorder, or condition; delay or slowdown in the progress of the disease, disorder, or condition; improvement or palliation of the disease, disorder, or condition; and remission (either partial or total), either detectable or undetectable.
- mammals is intended to mean both human and non-human mammals.
- entrails means the region encompassed by the lower gastrointestinal tract, which includes the small intestine and its parts (e.g., the duodenum, jejunum, and ileus), the large intestine and its parts (e.g., the blind, colon, and rectum), and / or the anus.
- the lower gastrointestinal tract excludes components of the upper gastrointestinal tract including the esophagus, stomach, and part of the duodenum.
- delivery is meant to provide and / or administer the active ingredient (s) described herein as a solution or dispersion of the active ingredient (s) by enteroclysis, intravascularly, intravenously, intramuscularly, intrathecally, or subcutaneously; (b) oral administration of enteric coated tablets, granules, capsules, etc. containing the active ingredient (s) and (optionally) one or more vehicles and / or diluents and / or adjuvants.
- the composition can be administered in the form of tablets coated with an enteric coating; capsules having a shell, a filler comprising the active ingredient, and an enteric coating on the shell; or enteric coated granules comprising the active sulfur substance.
- Enteric coated granules can be included inside a tablet, or as a filler inside a capsule; (c) by oral administration of non-enteric coated capsules containing the active ingredient (s) and (optionally) one or more carriers and / or diluents and / or adjuvants intimately mixed with, and / or absorbed therein, and / or adsorbed onto, an enteric vehicle, such as wet microcrystalline cellulose; (d) by oral administration of delayed release formulations containing the active ingredient (s) and (optionally) one or more vehicles, diluents and adjuvants; (e) by rectal administration, such as by using suppositories containing the active ingredient (s) and (optionally) one or more vehicles, diluents and adjuvants; (f) transdermally; (g) transmucosally; or (h) by co-administration of the active ingredient (s) with any other pharmacologically active agent such as vitamins, micro-nutrients,
- Parenter administration to a patient (or non-human mammal) includes but is not limited to: a) intravascular administration of solutions / dispersions containing at least one of the substances disclosed herein and, optionally, other active agents and / or one or more adjuvants; b) intramuscular administration of solutions / dispersions containing at least one of the substances disclosed herein and, optionally, other active agents and / or one or more adjuvants; c) subcutaneous administration of solutions / dispersions containing at least one of the substances disclosed herein and, optionally, other active agents and / or one or more adjuvants; d) intrathecal administration of solutions / dispersions containing at least one of the substances disclosed herein and, optionally, other active agents and / or one or more adjuvants; e) transdermal administration of appropriate formulations containing at least one of the substances disclosed herein and, optionally, other active agents and / or one or more adjuvants; f) transmucosal administration
- problem associated with disease is meant a health problem derived from a specific disease, such as “cachexia secondary to cancer” or “muscle degeneration secondary to AIDS”.
- oxidative stress-regulated disease means health conditions related to a cell failure to maintain redox homeostasis, which leads to oxidative damage by ROIs (Reactive Oxygen Intermediaries) and RNIs (Reactive Nitrogen Intermediaries ).
- a degenerative disease diabetes and its vascular complications, anemia, arthritis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease, muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, chronic fatigue syndrome, Friedreich's ataxia, ocular lens opacification, nephrosis, hepatic necrosis, dermatitis, pulmonary immune deficit, hepatic encephalopathy, degeneration macular, age-related memory impairment, Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, stroke, epilepsy, peripheral neuropathy, optic neuropathy, anatomical neuropathy, neurogenic bowel disease, sensorineural deafness, neurogenic bladder dysfunction, migraine, renal tubular acidosis,
- a degenerative disease diabetes and its vascular complications, anemia, arthritis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease, muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, chronic fatigue syndrome, Friedreich
- Diseases regulated by oxidative stress also include mitochondrial diseases defined herein as disorders which are characterized by deficit in mitochondrial respiratory chain activity. This category includes: a) congenital genetic deficiencies in activity of one or more components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and b) deficiencies acquired in the activity of one or more components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, where such deficiencies are caused by, inter alia , oxidative damage during aging, and / or exposure of affected cells to NO.
- abbreviation ASK refers to the protein apoptosis signal regulatory kinase.
- UI refers to International Unity.
- abbreviation LTR refers to the phrase long terminal repetition, while mdr refers to resistance to multiple drugs.
- This system comprises the delivery to the entrails of a mammal of therapeutically effective amounts of one or more of the following active agents: sulfur compounds, thiosulfate compounds, thionite compounds, thionate compounds, and any chemical species capable of providing a subject in need thereof a sulfide compound, thiosulfate compound, thionite compound, or thionate compound.
- the present applicants found in a preliminary clinical trial with very advanced human cancer patients having histologically verified malignancies representing a wide range of cancers (leukemia, chest, colon, lung, prostate, larynx, testicles, uterus, pancreas, lymphoma muscle, including lymphoma in the leg or buttock muscles, carcinoma, sarcoma) that a significant rate and degree of reduction in tumor size occurred, often followed by complete remission.
- the therapy system of the present invention substantially avoids several of the well known problems and limitations of conventional cancer chemotherapy such as development of resistant malignant cell variations, excessive concurrent toxicity, cell cycle phase dependence and mutagenic side effects.
- the present invention relates to a novel method useful for preventing and treating cancer, AIDS, ARC (AIDS-related complex), cachexia secondary to AIDS, cachexia secondary to cancer, diabetes, Down syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, hypercholesterolemia, gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders , hyper-proliferative diseases other than cancer, arthritis, metabolic syndrome, and neurodegenerative diseases.
- This novel method useful for treating such disease conditions, comprises the delivery of therapeutically effective amounts of the following compounds, either individually or intermingled: sulfur compounds, thiosulfate compounds, thionite compounds, thionate compounds, and any chemical species capable of providing a subject in need with a sulfur compound, thionite compound, or thionate compound to the entrails of a mammal in need thereof.
- This invention further comprises treatment by "parentomeric administration" of thiosulfate compounds and / or thionate compounds and / or thionite compounds and / or sulfide compounds and / or any chemical species capable of providing a subject in need with a compound of sulfur, thiosulfate compound, thionite compound, or thionate compound to said patient (or non-human mammal) afflicted with cancer, AIDS, ARC, secondary cancer cachexia, secondary AIDS cachexia, diabetes, Down syndrome, cardiovascular disease , gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases, hyper-proliferative diseases other than cancer, arthritis, metabolic syndrome, or a neurodegenerative disease.
- parentomeric administration of thiosulfate compounds and / or thionate compounds and / or thionite compounds and / or sulfide compounds and / or any chemical species capable of providing a subject in need with a compound of sulfur, thiosulfate compound, thionite compound, or thionate compound to
- This invention further comprises treating a patient (or non-human mammal) afflicted with cancer, AIDS, ARC, secondary cancer cachexia, secondary AIDS cachexia, diabetes, Down syndrome, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases, different hyper-proliferative diseases to cancer, arthritis, metabolic syndrome, or a neurodegenerative disease by administering therapeutically effective amounts of at least one of the substances present disclosed by any means that produces contact of the active agent or agents with their site of action in the body of the mammal.
- Conditions that can be treated using compositions of the invention include cancers (both solid tumors and hematological malignancies). Cancers are generally characterized by unregulated cell growth, formation of malignant tumors, and invasion of nearby parts of the body. Cancers can also spread to more distant parts of the body through the lymphatic system or bloodstream. Cancers can be a result of genetic damage due to tobacco use, certain infections, radiation, lack of physical activity, obesity, and / or environmental contaminants. Cancers can also be a result of existing genetic failures within cells to cause diseases due to genetic inheritance. Exams can be used to detect cancers before any noticeable symptoms appear and treatment can be given to those who are at greater risk of developing cancers (e.g., people with a family history of cancers).
- cancer screening techniques include but are not limited to physical examination, blood or urine tests, medical imaging, and / or genetic testing.
- Non-limiting examples of cancers include: bladder cancer, breast cancer, colon and rectal cancer, endometrial cancer, kidney or kidney cell cancer, leukemia, lung cancer, melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, cancer prostate, ovarian cancer, stomach cancer, wasting (i.e., cachexia secondary to cancer, e.g., weight loss, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness, and significant loss of appetite), and thyroid cancer.
- compositions of the invention are also useful for treating acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and complex AIDS related (ARC).
- AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- HAV human immunodeficiency virus
- ARC complex AIDS related
- ARC is characterized by elevated or overactive humoral B-cell immune response compared to depressed or normal antibody reactivity in AIDS, follicular or mixed hyperplasia in ARC lymph nodes, leading to more typical lymphocyte degeneration and depletion of AIDS, and evolutionary succession of Histopathological lesions such as Kaposi's sarcoma location. These symptoms signal the transition of subjects suffering from ARC to AIDS.
- compositions of the invention may include preventive as well as active treatment of opportunistic infections resulting from HIV infection and may also be used to treat cachexia secondary to AIDS (e.g., weight loss, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness, and significant loss). of appetite).
- AIDS e.g., weight loss, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness, and significant loss.
- compositions of 'the invention may also be useful to treat and prevent diabetes and its complications.
- Diabetes can be any metabolic disease in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because the cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced.
- Non-limiting examples of diabetes include, type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes, congenital diabetes, diabetes related to cystic fibrosis, steroidal diabetes, latent autoimmune adult diabetes, and monogenic diabetes.
- Complications associated with diabetes include but are not limited to hypoglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, non-ketosic hyperosmolar coma, cardiovascular disease. cular, chronic renal failure, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, foot problems related to diabetes (e.g., diabetic foot ulcers), and diabetic retinopathy.
- cardiovascular diseases include, but are not limited to, arteriosclerosis, arrhythmias, coronary heart disease, ischemia, ischemia-reperfusion injury, endothelial dysfunction, particularly those dysfunctions affecting the elasticity of blood vessels, restenosis, thrombosis, angina, high blood pressure, cardiomyopathy, hyper-tense heart disease, heart failure, cor pulmonale, cardiac dysrhythmias, endocarditis, inflammatory cardiomegaly, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, valvular heart disease, stroke and cerebrovascular disease, stenosis of aortic valve, congestive heart failure, and peripheral arterial disease.
- the invention includes methods for administering the compositions for chronic treatment.
- the invention also includes methods for administering compositions for acute treatment.
- Compositions of the invention can also be used to treat and prevent neurodegenerative diseases.
- Neurodegenerative diseases are any disease that is characterized by the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of neurons.
- Diseases Neurodegeneratives may be caused by genetic mutations (e.g., CAG nucleotide triplet mutation), poor protein fold (e.g., alpha-synuclein agglomeration, hyperphosphorylated tau protein, and beta amyloid agglomeration ), poor regulation in protein degradation trajectories (e.g., ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and autophagy-lysosome trajectories), membrane damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, axonal transport defects, and poor regulation of programmed cell death trajectories (v .gr., apoptosis, autophagic, and cytoplasmic).
- genetic mutations e.g., CAG nucleotide triplet mutation
- poor protein fold e.g., alpha-syn
- neurodegenerative diseases include, but are not limited to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, primary progressive aphasia, progressive supranuclear palsia, spinocerebelar ataxia type 3, dementia onto-temporal f, dementia with Lewy bodies, corticobasal degeneration, prion disorders, multiple system atrophy, hereditary spastic paraplasia, Friedriech's ataxia, childhood neurodevelopmental disorders, and amyloidosis.
- ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease primary progressive aphasia
- progressive supranuclear palsia progressive supranuclear palsia
- dementia onto-temporal f dementia with Lewy bodies
- corticobasal degeneration corticobasal degeneration
- prion disorders
- the therapeutic substances of the invention are also useful for treating other conditions such as: inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases (e.g., irritable bowel disease), hyper-proliferative diseases other than cancer (e.g., liver disease, lung diseases, in particular, pulmonary edema and fibrosis, psoriasis), metabolic syndrome, anxiety, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), Capral Tunnel Syndrome, bipolar disorder, cataracts, Celiac Disease, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, COPO, depression, fibromyalgia, GERD, glaucoma, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, influenza, kidney stones, Lyme disease, sleep apnea, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), tinnitus, cirrhosis.
- inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases e.g., irritable bowel disease
- hyper-proliferative diseases other than cancer e.g., liver disease, lung diseases, in particular, pulmonary edema and fibrosis
- the therapeutic substances of the invention are also useful in preventing hair loss, in promoting hair growth, in increasing hair width, in reducing wrinkles, as a general anti-aging drug, as a general welfare drug, in Healing of wounds, in neuropathy, in stopping fibrosis and callus formation, in nail growth, as a topical anti-inflammatory, protecting cilia of the inner ear, in growth of muscle and cartilage, in improvement, inhibition, and reversal of auto diseases - immunological, in increasing nitric oxide production due to its antioxidant action, in increasing collagen production, in neuroprotection, in kidney protection, in decreasing antibody production in autoimmune diseases.
- therapeutic substances can be used to prevent and treat diseases related to inflammation inhibition and upward regulation of survival paths.
- Therapeutic substances are also useful in preventing or minimizing damage (i.e., side effects) from medications that cause free radical production.
- damage i.e., side effects
- the present invention also relates to the therapeutic substances described herein as medical food for daily consumption and for maintaining and promoting general health.
- the therapeutic substances of the invention are used as a paravitamin to produce a supplemental source of cysteine and its derivatives.
- Cysteine and its derivatives e.g., glutathione, taurine, taurine conjugates with bile acids, hydrogen sulphide, and sulfate ions
- cysteine and its derivatives play a role similar to that of vitamins.
- cysteine and its derivatives play a role in the oxidant / antioxidant balance and indirectly in the regulation of metabolic processes.
- Cysteine supplementation in addition to the normal diet can have several beneficial effects, for example, cysteine supplementation can lead to an increase in muscle function, immune function, plasma albumin concentration and a decrease in TNF- concentration. Supplementation can also restore the body's cysteine stores and glutathione levels which are the strengths of power behind multiple aging-related processes.
- paravitamins are medical foods providing a minimum amount of calories and maximum amount of a bio-available form of sulfur intended for humans not receiving enough sulfur in their diets. Composicion.es f rmaceuticals and treatment methods
- This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of the aforementioned substances and - optionally - one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, carriers, diluents or adjuvants.
- a composition of the present invention can be administered by one. variety of methods known in the art. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the route and / or mode of administration will vary depending on the desired results.
- the pharmaceutical compositions may be formulated for parentheric, intranasal, topical, oral, or local administration, such as by transdermal means, for prophylactic and / or therapeutic treatment.
- the pharmaceutical compositions can be administered in a parentomeric manner (e.g., by intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous injection), or by oral ingestion, or by topical application or intra-articular injection in areas affected by the vascular or cancer condition.
- compositions by "parent administration” comprising the above-mentioned agents dissolved, colloidally dispersed, or suspended in an acceptable vehicle, which may be non-aqueous or aqueous, e.g., water, regulated water, saline, PBS, and the like.
- the compositions may contain pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary substances as required to approximate physiological conditions, such as pH adjustment and regulating agents, tonicity adjusting agents, wetting agents, detergents and the like.
- the therapeutic and / or prophylactic composition may be in the form of a solution, colloidal dispersion, a suspension, an emulsion, an infusion device, or an implant delivery device or it may be presented as a dry powder to be used as such or to be reconstituted with water or other suitable vehicle before use.
- the composition may be in the form of a sachet, tablet, capsule (e.g., hard gelatin capsule and soft gelatin capsule), liquid, sustained release tablet for oral administration; or a liquid for intravenous, intrathecal, subcutaneous or "parentomeric” administration; or a cream or ointment for topical administration, or comprising a polymer or other sustained release vehicle for local administration.
- Formulations for "parent administration” may, for example, contain excipients, sterile water, saline, polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol, oils of vegetable origin, or hydrogenated naphthalenes.
- Biocompatible, biodegradable lactide polymer, lactide / glycolide co-polymer, or polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene co-polymers can be used to control the release of substances.
- Nano-particle formulations can be used to control the bio-distribution of substances.
- Other potentially useful delivery systems include ethylene-vinyl acetate co-polymer particles, osmotic pumps, intrathecal pumps, implantable infusion systems, and liposomes.
- concentration of the substance in the formulation varies depending on a number of factors, including the dosage of the drug to be administered, and the route of administration.
- compositions should typically be sterile and stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage.
- the composition may be formulated as a suspension, micro-emulsion, liposome, or other ordered structure suitable for high drug concentration.
- the vehicle can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, petroleum jelly
- polyol e.g., glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycols, and the like
- suitable mixtures thereof formulated in different percentages
- a dispersion medium described herein e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50% by weight in a dispersion medium described herein.
- the proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the particle size required in the case of dispersion and by the use of surfactants.
- isotonic agents for example, sugars, polyalcohols such as mannitol, sorbitol, or sodium chloride in the composition.
- Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be caused by including in the composition an agent that delays absorption, for example, salts of stearic acid and gelatin.
- Colloidal dispersions can be stabilized through the addition of agents well known in the art.
- compositions of the invention can be sterilized by conventional sterilization techniques, or they can be sterile filtered.
- the resulting aqueous dispersion can be packaged for use as it is, or lyophilized, the lyophilized preparation being combined with a sterile aqueous vehicle prior to administration.
- the pH of the preparations will typically be between 3 and 11, more preferably between 5 and 9 or between 6 and 8, and most preferably between 7 and 8, such as 7 to 7.5.
- the resulting compositions in solid or semi-solid form can be packaged in multiple units of a single dose, each containing a fixed amount of the composition, such as in a sealed package of tablets or capsules.
- the solid form composition can also be packaged in a bag or container for a flexible amount, such as in a tube that can be tightly designed for a tonic-applied cream or ointment.
- Sterile injectable colloidal suspensions can be prepared by incorporating the active compound into the amount required in an appropriate solvent with one or a combination of ingredients listed above, as required, optionally followed by sterilization micro-filtration.
- dispersions are prepared by incorporating the active compound in a sterile vehicle containing a basic dispersion medium and the other ingredients required from those listed above.
- Dosage regimens are adjusted to provide the optimal desired response (e.g., a therapeutic and / or prophylactic response). For example, a single bolus may be administered, several divided doses may be administered over time or the dose may be reduced or increased proportionally as indicated by the requirements of the therapeutic or prophylactic situation.
- the compositions of the invention can be administered once or twice a week by subcutaneous injection or once or twice monthly by subcutaneous injection.
- Unit dosage form refers to physically discrete units suitable as unit dosages for the subjects being treated; Each unit contains a predetermined amount of active compound calculated to produce the desired therapeutic or prophylactic effect, optionally in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier.
- the specifications for unit dose forms of the invention are dictated by and directly dependent on (a) the unique characteristics of the active substance and the particular therapeutic or prophylactic effect to be achieved, and (b) the limitations inherent in the matter of composing such an active substance for the treatment of sensitivity in individuals.
- the substances of the present invention are administered as pharmaceuticals, to humans and animals, they can be given alone or as a pharmaceutical composition containing, for example, 1 to 100% (more preferably, 10 to 100%, such as 90 to 100% ) of active ingredient, optionally in combination with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients.
- a composition of the invention by certain routes of administration, it may be necessary to coat the composition with, or co-administer the composition with a material to prevent its deactivation.
- the composition can be administered to a subject in an appropriate vehicle, for example, liposomes, an enteric vehicle, or a diluent.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable diluents include saline and aqueous regulatory solutions.
- Liposomes include water-in-water CGF emulsions as well as conventional liposomes (Strejan et al., J. Neuroimmunol. 7: 27-41, 1984).
- Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable colloidal solutions or dispersion. The use of such media and agents for pharmaceutically active substances is known in the art and is included in the invention except where any conventional means or agent is incompatible with the substance.
- enteric vehicles may include but are not limited to wet microcrystalline cellulose, wet cellulose powder, methyl acrylate-methacrylic acid co-polymers, cellulose acetate acetate, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose phthalate, acetate hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose succinate, polyvinyl acetate phthalate, co-polymers of methyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid, sodium alginate, and stearic acid Supplementary active substances can also be incorporated into the compositions.
- this invention relates to a method for preparing pharmaceutically acceptable dosage forms containing the aforementioned ingredients and capable of releasing the pharmacologically active ingredient or ingredients in the entrails of a mammal in need thereof.
- This invention further comprises the novel formulation of active sulfur substances for oral use, by combining the active ingredients with enteric carriers (e.g., those described herein).
- enteric carriers e.g., those described herein.
- enteric vehicles e.g., those described herein.
- the present invention further comprises administering one of the formulations described herein to non-human mammals, that is, as a veterinary medicament for the treatment of said non-human mammals in need thereof, as well as for prophylactic purposes.
- the applicant has demonstrated that delivering a patient (or non-human mammal) afflicted with cancer, hypercholesterolemia / cardiovascular disease, or Down syndrome of safe and effective amounts of the present disclosed compositions constitutes an effective treatment method.
- treatment according to this invention will usually bring a rapid and marked reduction in tumor size: such reduction in size is characteristic clinical evidence for malignant cell death and degeneration (oncolysis); a similar reduction in tissue malignant cell content containing malignant cells dispersed (not agglomerated) will usually also result from treatment carried out as prescribed in this invention.
- dosage should be monitored closely to avoid any side effects due to either drug toxicity or massive toxin release from malignant cell lysis; It may be preferable to try short courses of several days, leaving a few days between them.
- compositions described herein can be administered for prophylactic or therapeutic treatments.
- compositions can be administered to a subject with a clinically determined predisposition or increased susceptibility to developed cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, AIDS, gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases, hyper-proliferative diseases other than cancer, metabolic syndrome, and others. pathological conditions associated with oxidative stress, an imbalance in redox homeostasis, chronic inflammation, and / or immunological dysfunction.
- Compositions of the invention can be administered to a patient (eg, a mammal, human or non-human) in an amount sufficient to delay, reduce, or preferably prevent the establishment of clinical disease.
- compositions are administered to a patient (e.g., a human) who already suffers from a cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, a neurodegenerative disease, AIDS, gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases, hyper-proliferative diseases other than cancer, syndrome. metabolic, and other associated pathological conditions with oxidative stress, an imbalance in redox homeostasis, and / or chronic inflammation, and / or immune dysfunction, in an amount sufficient to cure or at least partially stop the symptoms of the condition and its complications.
- An adequate amount to accomplish this purpose is defined as a "therapeutically effective dose", an amount of a compound sufficient to substantially improve any symptoms associated with a disease or medical condition.
- an agent or substance that decreases, prevents, delays, suppresses, or stops any symptoms of the disease or condition would be therapeutically effective.
- a therapeutically effective amount of an agent or substance is not required to cure a disease or condition but would provide treatment for a disease or condition such that the establishment of the disease or condition is delayed, obstructed, or prevented, or the symptoms of the disease or condition is improved, or the term of the disease or condition is changed or, for example, it is less severe or recovery is accelerated in an individual.
- the non-human patient or mammal may be given a high initial "loading dose", followed by a 50% lower “maintenance dose.”
- close monitoring of the patient or non-human mammal is necessary, especially before initial administration of any of the formulations disclosed herein, since a mild or severe allergic reaction (including anaphylactic shock) can follow in susceptible individuals.
- a mild or severe allergic reaction including anaphylactic shock
- anaphylactic shock can follow in susceptible individuals.
- compositions and formulations of the present invention can be used in combination with either conventional treatment or therapy methods or can be used separately from conventional treatment or therapy methods.
- substances and formulations of this invention are administered in combination therapies with other agents, they can be administered sequentially or concurrently to an individual.
- pharmaceutical compositions according to the present invention include a combination of a substance or formulation of the present invention optionally in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, as described herein, and another therapeutic or prophylactic agent known in the art. .
- the kit may include optional components that help in the administration of the unit dose to patients, such as bottles for reconstituting powder forms, syringes for injection, customized IV delivery systems, inhalers, etc. Additionally, the unit dose kit may contain instructions for preparation and administration of the compositions.
- the kit can be manufactured as a single-dose unit dose for a patient, multiple uses for a particular patient (at a constant dose or in which the individual compounds may vary in potency as therapy progresses; or the kit may contain multiple Doses suitable for administration to multiple patients ("volume packaging"). Kit components can be assembled into cartons, blister packs, bottles, tubes, and the like.
- the current daily dosages of the above compositions to be administered to a patient or a non-human mammal will depend entirely on the discretion of the doctor or veterinarian, as the case may be. Therefore, the daily dosage for an adult human male of average weight (i.e., around 70 kg) should be greater than for a child (or for a non-human mammal weighing less than the average human male) if other factors are the same, but the opposite would be expected when dealing with, e.g., either human or non-human mammals heavier than the average human male.
- the appropriate dosage administered in any case will vary with the age, general health condition, nature and degree of symptoms and nature of concurrent treatment (if any).
- the dosage level selected will depend on a variety of pharmacokinetic factors including the activity of the particular compositions of the present invention employed, the route of administration, the time of administration, the absorption rate of the particular agent being used, the duration of the treatment, other drugs, substances and / or materials used in combination with the particular compositions employed.
- the doctor or veterinarian may start doses of the substances of the invention employed in the pharmaceutical composition at lower levels than those required in order to achieve the desired therapeutic effect and gradually increase the dosage until the desired effect is achieved.
- a suitable daily dose of a composition of the invention will be that amount of the substance which is the lower effective dose to produce a therapeutic effect.
- Such an effective dose will generally depend on the factors described above.
- the effective daily dose of a therapeutic and / or prophylactic composition may be administered as two, three, four, five, six or more sub-doses administered separately at appropriate intervals throughout the day, optionally, in unit dose forms.
- the unit dose form is an acid-resistant capsule such as the acid-armor capsule, marketed by Arthur Andrew Medical, Inc. or DRcaps acid-resistant capsule, available from Capsugel Inc.
- Preferred therapeutic dosage levels are between about 75 mg to about 2,500 mg (e.g., 80, 90, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, 300, 325, 350, 375, 400, 425, 450, 475, 500, 550, 575, 600, 625, 650, 675, 700, 725, 750, 775, 800, 825, 850, 875, 900, 925, 950, 975, 1,000, 1,025, 1,050, 1,075, 1,100, 1,150, 1,200, 1,250, 1,300, 1,350, 1,400, 1,450, 1,500, 1,550, 1,600, 1,650, 1,700, or 1,750, 1,800, 1,900, 2,000, 2,100, 2,200, 2,300, 2,400, or 2,500 mg ) of active ingredient (s) (e.g., any of the active sulfur substances described herein) per day orally administered to adults of average weight afflicted with most of the symptoms, syndromes and pathological conditions described herein.
- Preferred prophylactic dosage levels they are between about 75 mg and about 800 mg (e.g., 100, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, 300, 325, 350, 375, 400, 425, 450, 475, 500, 525 , 550, 575, 600, 650, 700, or 750 mg).
- the preferred oral dosage levels are 2,000 mg per day or higher (e.g., 2,450, 2,500, 3,000, 3,500, 4,000, 8,000 mg, or 10 g) for a average weight adult.
- the dose may be titrated (e.g., the dose may be gradually escalated until signs of gastrointestinal toxicity appear, such as diarrhea or nausea).
- the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention are extremely safe for oral administration and most patients can tolerate higher doses as treatment progresses.
- the present invention also comprises the use of combination therapies involving administration of the aforementioned active ingredients with the following active agents and / or compounds.
- compositions of the invention can be administered in combination with one or more drugs that are used as secondary prevention drugs for cardiovascular diseases.
- preventive drugs include, but are not limited to, ⁇ blockers (e.g., non-selective agents, e.g., alprenolol, carteolol, oxprenolol, sotalol, timolol, e.g., agents ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ , e.g., acebutolol, betaxolol, celiprolol, metoprolol, e.g., 2- selective agents, e.g., butaxamine, e.g., ⁇ 3 -selective agents, e.g.
- ⁇ blockers e.g., non-selective agents, e.g., alprenolol, carteolol, oxprenolol, sotalol, timolol, e.
- statins e.g., atorvastatin, cerivastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, mevastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvastatin
- fibrates e.g., bezafibrate, ciprofibrate, clofibrate, gemfibrozil
- fenofibratozil e.g., metformin, fenformin, buformin, and proguanila
- biguanides e.g., metformin, fenformin, buformin, and proguanila
- anti-hypertension agents and / or ACE inhibitors
- sulfhydryl-containing agents e.g., captopril, zofenopril, v.
- dicarboxylate containing agents e.g., enalapril, ramipril, quinapril, perindopril, imidapril, e.g., phosphate containing agents, e.g., fosinopril).
- composition of the invention can be administered in combination with one or more anti-neurodegenerative drugs.
- anti-neurodegenerative drugs include, but are not limited to, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine), anti-glutamate agent (e.g., amantadine, GABA-ergic, valproic acid) , reserpine, tetrabenazine, typical / atypical neuroleptics, tricyclic anti-depressants, SSRIs, carbamazepine, baclofen, tizanidine, hidergine, choline, piracetam, and lamotrigine.
- acetylcholinesterase inhibitors e.g., donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine
- anti-glutamate agent e.g., amantadine, GABA-ergic, valproic acid
- composition of the invention can be administered in combination with one or more anti-inflammatory drugs.
- anti-inflammatory drugs include, but are not limited to, steroids (e.g., glucocorticoids, e.g., corticosteroids), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (e.g., aspirin, diflunisal, salsalate, ibuprofen, naproxen, fenoprofen, ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, sulindac, etodolac, cetorolac, nabumetone, piroxicam, meloxicam, tenoxyam, mefenamic acid, flufenamic acid, tolfenamic acid, celecoxib, rofecoxib, parecoxib, etoricoxib, nichlorofibyl, nichloroxibyl, fircoxibyl, nichloroxibyl, nichloroxibyl derivative Immunological selective anti-inflammatory
- composition of the invention can be administered in combination with one or more dietary supplements to promote and / or maintain general health.
- dietary supplements include, but are not limited to, a vitamin (e.g., Vitamin ⁇ , Vitamin B x , B 2 , B 3 , B 5 , B 6 , B 7 , B 9 , B 12 , Vitamin C , Vitamin D, Co-enzyme Q, Vitamin E, and Vitamin K), a mineral (e.g., potassium, chlorine, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, iodine, selenium, and molybdenum), an herb or botanical (e.g., St.
- a vitamin e.g., Vitamin ⁇ , Vitamin B x , B 2 , B 3 , B 5 , B 6 , B 7 , B 9 , B 12
- Vitamin C e.g., Vitamin D, Co-enzyme Q, Vitamin E, and Vitamin K
- a mineral e.g., potassium
- John's wort, kava, Shilajit, and Chinese herbal medicines an amino acid (e.g., glycine, serine, methionine, cysteine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine), glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, vinpocetine, pramiracetam, diallyl sulphide, a concentrate, constituent, extract, and / or a combination of any of the above, and / or micro-nutrients.
- amino acid e.g., glycine, serine, methionine, cysteine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine
- glucosamine e.g., glycine, serine, methionine, cysteine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine
- glucosamine e.g
- composition of the invention can be formulated or administered in combination with one or more anti-drug drugs.
- anti-cancer agents include, but are not limited to: chemotherapeutic agents (e.g., arsenic trioxide, cisplatin, carboplatin, chlorambucil, melphalan, nedaplatin, oxaliplatin, triplatin tetranitrate, satratin, imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib, and radicicol), immunomodulatory agents (e.g., methotrexate, leflunomide, cyclophosamide, cyclosporine A, minocycline, azathioprine, antibiotics
- chemotherapeutic agents e.g., arsenic trioxide, cisplatin, carboplatin, chlorambucil, melphalan, nedaplatin, oxaliplatin, triplatin tetranitrate, s
- paclitaxel paclitaxel
- vinorelbine docetaxel
- abazitaxel ixabepilone
- larotaxel larotaxel
- ortataxel tesetaxel
- vinblastine vincristine, vinfluinin, and vindesine
- nucleoside e.g., gemcitabine, azacitidine, capecitabine, carmofur, cladribine, clofarabine, cytarabine, decitabine, floxuridine, fludar
- irinotecan e.g., irinotecan, aclarubicin, amrubicin, belotecane, camptothecin, daunorubicine, epirubicin, etoposide, idarubicin, mitoxantrone, pyrarubicin, pixantroria, rubitecane, teniposide, topotecan, valrubicin, and zorubicin
- mitocans e.g., sodium dichloroacetate and 3-bromopruvic acid
- targeting agents e.g., agents that target particular enzymes or proteins involved in cancer or agents that target particular organs or types of cancer
- the present invention also comprises the use of combination therapies with drugs used to treat or prevent metabolic syndrome.
- Drugs in this category should be designed to target the specific components of the metabolic syndrome that are present in the patient.
- classes of cholesterol lowering drugs include statins and fibrates.
- Blood pressure medications of various kinds may also be used (e.g., aspirin to reduce heart risk and supplements such as fatty acids omega 3 and fish oils).
- Drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes such as Metformin have also been found to prevent diabetes establishment in people with metabolic syndrome.
- the present invention also encompasses the use of combination therapies with immunostimulant (s) (e.g., prolactin, growth hormone, vitamin D, deoxycholic acid), antagonist (s) and hormone agonist (s) (v). .gr., triiodothyronine, insulin), anti-viral agent (s) (e.g., gallic acid), drugs used in the treatment of AIDS (e.g., combination products, e.g., efavirenza, tenofovir, emtricitabine, rilpivirine, cobicistat; trans-inhibitors nucleoside reverse cryptase (NRTIs), v..gr.
- immunostimulant e.g., prolactin, growth hormone, vitamin D, deoxycholic acid
- antagonist s
- hormone agonist v.gr., triiodothyronine, insulin
- anti-viral agent e.g., gallic acid
- NRTls non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- protease inhibitors v .gr., amprenavir, tipranavir, saquinavir
- fusion inhibitors CCR5 co-receptor antagonists
- integrative HIV chain transfer inhibitors antibiotics.
- Baseline condition Slightly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx with severe necrosis.
- the tumor is not operable due to marked cachexia and critical cardiovascular condition of the patient.
- the patient's condition was diagnosed as terminal.
- Treatment regimen Administration of 24 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 1" (approximately 75 mg of active ingredient and 925 mg of inert ingredients).
- Treatment outcome At the end of the first week, the tumor size was reduced by half; At the end of the third week, the tumor size was a quarter of the original size.
- Baseline condition Acute lymphocytic leukemia refractory to conventional chemotherapy. The patient's condition was diagnosed as terminal.
- Treatment regimen Administration of 18 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 2" (approximately 125 mg of active ingredient and 875 mg of inert ingredients).
- Baseline condition Seminoma refractory to radiotherapy and conventional chemotherapy.
- Treatment regimen Administration of 30 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 3" (approximately 150 mg of active ingredient and 850 mg of inert ingredients).
- Treatment outcome At the end of the first week, persistent pain in the remaining testicle disappeared and the consistency of the testicle was almost normal. At the end of the sixth month the patient's condition was diagnosed as normal with total remission.
- Baseline condition Colon carcinoma. The size of the tumor prevents surgery. The patient's condition was diagnosed as terminal.
- Treatment regimen Administration of 24 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 4" (approximately 280 mg of sodium thiosulfate, 42 mg of potassium metabisulfite, 39 mg of sodium metabisulfite, 76 mg of sodium sulfide nonahydrate and 563 mg of inert ingredients).
- Testicular carcinoma with bone metastases (spine). The patient's condition is diagnosed as terminal.
- Treatment regimen Administration of 18 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 4" (approximately 280 mg of sodium thiosulfate, 42 mg of potassium metabisulfite, 39 mg of metabisulfite of sodium, 76 mg of sodium sulfide nonahydrate and 563 mg of inert ingredients).
- Treatment outcome At the end of the second week all subjective symptoms (pain, chronic fatigue, etc.) had disappeared. By the end of the sixth week the spine tumor had disappeared. The patient decided (by himself) to discontinue treatment and did so during the seventh, eighth, and ninth weeks. At the end of the ninth week, alarming symptoms forced the patient to seek help again: a CAT scan showed the presence of two new tumors (one in a different spinal location and the other in the previously unaffected testicle) and the treatment was re - instituted with marked dejection of subjective cancer symptoms. When the patient was confronted with the need to chemically remove the previously unaffected testicle, he refused and again discontinued treatment. The patient died two weeks after discontinuing treatment.
- Baseline condition Rhabdomyosarcoma of the nasopharynx, phase 4, refractory to radiotherapy and conventional chemotherapy.
- the patient's condition was diagnosed as terminal.
- Treatment regimen 10 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- a CAT scan showed a decrease in half the size of the tumor.
- a CAT scan showed a 75% decrease in tumor size.
- a CAT scan showed an 85% decrease in tumor size. The patient is now asymptomatic.
- Baseline condition Lung carcinoma (phase 4) with bone metastases (clavicle), refractory to conventional chemotherapy.
- the patient's condition was diagnosed as terminal, with a life expectancy of at most two weeks.
- Treatment regimen 16 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment outcome At the end of the twelfth week, a CAT scan showed no tumor growth. Since then, the patient has been asymptomatic for 5 months.
- Baseline condition Adenocarcinoma of the chest, metastasized to bone and lymph nodes with the patient refusing to either surgery or conventional chemotherapy.
- Treatment regimen 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in formulation example 4 ".
- Treatment outcome At the end of the second week, a CAT scan showed a 50% reduction in tumor size. At the end of the first month, a CAT scan showed a 90% reduction in tumor size. At the end of the second month, the patient's condition was diagnosed as normal with complete cancer remission.
- Baseline condition Carcinoma of the uterine body, phase 4.
- the patient's condition was diagnosed as terminal.
- Treatment regimen 40 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment outcome At the end of the third month, the patient's condition was diagnosed as normal with complete remission of the cancer.
- Treatment regimen 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment outcome At the end of the sixth week, the patient's condition was diagnosed as normal with complete remission of the cancer.
- Baseline condition Buttock cancer, phase, refractory to radiotherapy and conventional chemotherapy.
- the patient's condition was diagnosed as terminal after five unsuccessful attempts to remove the tumor by surgery.
- the patient complained of excruciating pain, not willing to be treated with pain relievers.
- Treatment regimen 18 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment result At the end of the third day the excruciating pain quieted down, leaving behind a feeling of discomfort. By the end of the first week, both the pain and discomfort had completely disappeared. At the end of the sixth week there was evidence of massive tumor necrosis and concurrent reduction in tumor size.
- Baseline condition Leg liposarcoma, still present after several unsuccessful attempts at tumor removal by surgery.
- Treatment regimen 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment outcome At the end of the sixth month, the patient's condition was diagnosed as normal with complete remission of the cancer.
- Baseline condition Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, phase 4. The patient's condition was diagnosed as terminal.
- Treatment regimen 25 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment outcome At the end of the second month, the patient's condition was diagnosed as normal with complete remission of the cancer.
- Treatment regimen 18 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a formulation prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment outcome At the end of the second month, complete remission was observed.
- Treatment regimen Administration of 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment regimen Administration of 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment regimen Administration of 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment regimen Administration of 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment regimen Administration of 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment regimen Administration of 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in the formulation example 4 ".
- Treatment regimen Administration of 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment regimen Administration of 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment regimen Administration of 10 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Baseline condition Down syndrome with severe mental retardation and hyper-flexibility of joints.
- Treatment regimen Administration of 10 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4" plus glucosamine sulfate (oral, 1,500 milligrams per day), plus chondroitin sulfate (oral , 1,200 milligrams per day).
- Treatment regimen Administration of 10 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4" plus co-enzyme Q10 (oral, 300 milligrams per day).
- Treatment regimen Administration of 10 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4".
- Treatment regimen Administration of 10 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4" plus multi-vitamins.
- Treatment regimen Administration of 10 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4" plus choline (oral, 1,000 milligrams per day) plus piracetam (oral, 1,000 milligrams per day) more pramiracetam (oral, 600 milligrams per day) plus selegiline (oral, 1 milligram per day), plus vinpocetine (oral, 5 milligrams per day), plus hidergina (oral, 5 milligrams per day).
- Baseline condition Down syndrome with severe mental retardation and hypothyroidism.
- Treatment regimen Administration of 10 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4" plus triiodothyronine (oral, 10 mcg per day).
- Treatment regimen Administration of 10 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4" plus triiodothyronine (oral, 10 mcg per day).
- Treatment regimen Administration of 10 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4" plus co-enzyme Q10 (oral, 300 milligrams per day) plus triiodothyronine (oral, 10 mcg per day) more choline (oral, 1,000 milligrams per day) more piracetam (oral, 1,000 milligrams per day) more pramiracetam (oral, 600 milligrams per day) more niar (oral, 1 milligram per day) plus hidergina (oral, 5 milligrams per day) plus vinpocetine (oral, 5 milligrams per day).
- Baseline condition Patient confined to bed after several episodes of acute myocardial infarction. The patient's condition was diagnosed as terminal.
- Treatment regimen Administration of 20 capsules per day, each containing 1,000 mg of a mixture prepared as in "formulation example 4" plus co-enzyme Q10 (oral, 1,000 milligrams per day).
- Treatment outcome At the end of the third month the patient's blood pressure was normal and he was able to walk and exercise in a moderate manner.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (9)
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MX2015009403A MX2015009403A (es) | 2013-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | Composiciones para tratamiento sistemico de condiciones patologicas resultantes de estres oxidativo y/o desequilibrio redox. |
CA2898596A CA2898596A1 (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | Compositions for the systemic treatment of pathological conditions resulting from oxidative stress and/or redox imbalance |
AU2014210447A AU2014210447A1 (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | Compositions for the systemic treatment of pathological conditions resulting from oxidative stress and/or redox imbalance |
JP2015555120A JP2016508996A (ja) | 2013-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | 酸化ストレス及び/又は酸化還元不均衡の結果生じる病的状態の全身的治療のための組成物 |
BR112015017440A BR112015017440A2 (pt) | 2013-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | composições para o tratamento sistêmico de condições patológicas resultantes do stress oxidante e/ou do desequilíbrio de redox |
EP14743853.5A EP2949332A4 (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | COMPOSITIONS FOR THE SYSTEMATIC TREATMENT OF PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS RELATED TO OXIDATIVE STRESS AND / OR REDOX DISBALANCE |
CN201480018525.6A CN105228633A (zh) | 2013-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | 用于由氧化应激和/或氧化还原失衡产生的病理状态的全身治疗的组合物 |
KR1020157023387A KR20160140331A (ko) | 2013-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | 산화 스트레스 및/또는 산화환원 불균형으로부터 야기되는 병리학적 상태의 전신 치료를 위한 조성물 |
HK16105188.3A HK1217175A1 (zh) | 2013-01-28 | 2016-05-06 | 用於由氧化應激和/或氧化還原失衡產生的病理狀態的全身治療的組合物 |
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US13/751,429 US20130136725A1 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2013-01-28 | Compositions for systemic treatment of pathological conditions resulting from oxidative stress and/or redox imbalance |
US13/751,429 | 2013-01-28 |
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JP (1) | JP2016508996A (es) |
KR (1) | KR20160140331A (es) |
CN (1) | CN105228633A (es) |
AU (1) | AU2014210447A1 (es) |
BR (1) | BR112015017440A2 (es) |
CA (1) | CA2898596A1 (es) |
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CN111542548A (zh) | 2017-10-25 | 2020-08-14 | 4Teen4制药有限公司 | 针对并结合于特异性dpp3表位的dpp3结合剂及其在预防或治疗与氧化应激相关的疾病/急性病状中的用途 |
WO2020147830A1 (en) * | 2019-01-19 | 2020-07-23 | Goldred Nanobiotech Co., Ltd. | Ocular lens, pharmaceutical composition, and uses thereof |
CN115769076A (zh) | 2020-03-16 | 2023-03-07 | 4Teen4制药有限公司 | 感染冠状病毒的患者中的dpp3 |
EP3922993A1 (en) | 2020-06-12 | 2021-12-15 | 4TEEN4 Pharmaceuticals GmbH | Dpp3 in patients infected with coronavirus |
WO2024126793A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 | 2024-06-20 | 4TEEN4 Pharmaceuticals GmbH | Dpp3 inhibitor for improvement of pulmonary function in critically ill patients |
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US8361514B2 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2013-01-29 | Nuevas Alternatives Naturales Thermafat, S.A.P.I. de C.V. | Systemic treatment of pathological conditions resulting from oxidative stress and/or redox imbalance |
JP5063878B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-30 | 2012-10-31 | 扶桑薬品工業株式会社 | 硫化水素塩を含有する消化器系疾患の予防/治療用組成物 |
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-
2014
- 2014-01-28 CN CN201480018525.6A patent/CN105228633A/zh active Pending
- 2014-01-28 JP JP2015555120A patent/JP2016508996A/ja active Pending
- 2014-01-28 WO PCT/MX2014/000029 patent/WO2014116097A2/es active Application Filing
- 2014-01-28 EP EP14743853.5A patent/EP2949332A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-01-28 CA CA2898596A patent/CA2898596A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-01-28 KR KR1020157023387A patent/KR20160140331A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-01-28 BR BR112015017440A patent/BR112015017440A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-01-28 MX MX2015009403A patent/MX2015009403A/es unknown
- 2014-01-28 AU AU2014210447A patent/AU2014210447A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2016
- 2016-05-06 HK HK16105188.3A patent/HK1217175A1/zh unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4148885A (en) | 1973-09-25 | 1979-04-10 | Institut Merieux | Immunostimulant medicine |
WO1984002527A1 (en) | 1982-12-27 | 1984-07-05 | Suntory Ltd | Adriamycin or daunomycin composition having increased activity and decreased toxicity |
DE3419686A1 (de) | 1983-05-26 | 1984-11-29 | T and R Chemicals, Inc., Clint, Tex. | Verwendung einer zusammensetzung mit therapeutischer wirksamkeit |
US5045316A (en) | 1987-01-05 | 1991-09-03 | Ephraim Kaplan | Pharmaceutical compositions and their use |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
"Antioxidants in disease mechanisms and therapy", 1997, ACADEMIC PRESS |
"Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy", 2000, LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS |
"The Merck Index", 1996, MERCK AND CO. |
See also references of EP2949332A4 |
STREJAN ET AL., J. NEUROIMMUNOL., vol. 7, 1984, pages 27 - 41 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX2015009403A (es) | 2017-07-04 |
JP2016508996A (ja) | 2016-03-24 |
CN105228633A (zh) | 2016-01-06 |
HK1217175A1 (zh) | 2016-12-30 |
BR112015017440A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
EP2949332A4 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
CA2898596A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
WO2014116097A3 (es) | 2014-12-04 |
KR20160140331A (ko) | 2016-12-07 |
AU2014210447A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
EP2949332A2 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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