WO2014108240A1

WO2014108240A1 - Method for producing a structural component of a vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2014108240A1
Application number: PCT/EP2013/074707
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Brauch
Original assignee: Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2013-01-11
Filing date: 2013-11-26
Publication date: 2014-07-17
Also published as: DE102013200287A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to methods for producing a structural component (10) of a vehicle, said methods having the following steps: - Making available a first component (20) from a fibre composite, - Making available a second component (30) having at least one adhesive channel (32), - Introducing an adhesive (40) into the adhesive channel (32) of the second component (30), - Inserting an adhesive section (22) of the first component (20) into the adhesive channel (32) of the second component (30) by displacing the adhesive (40) in the adhesive column (50) between the adhesive section (22) and the adhesive channel (32), - Hardening the adhesive (40) to an adhesive compound.

Description

description

Method for the production of a structural component of a vehicle

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a

Structural component of a vehicle and a structural component for a vehicle.

It is known that structural components of vehicles among others

Fiber composites can be produced. Such

Fiber composites have fibers and matrix materials. The fibers are from the cured matrix material, e.g. in flowable form

Thus, a fiber composite material has been produced, which is e.g. individual layers of fibers over the matrix material has joined together. Such structural components of fiber composites are often used, since they usually bring a high mechanical strength with low weight with it. In particular in vehicle construction, they can thus be used for structural components, such as e.g. the bonnet or other body components, are used.

A disadvantage of known methods for the production of structural components, however, is when different individual components are to be connected to each other, and at least one of these components made of fiber composite material. This often leads to an adhesive bond between the two components for

Must be made available. However, such adhesive joints are often mechanical key points with regard to the load capacity of the structural component. So here are basically two cases of failure to distinguish. On the one hand, it is possible for the adhesive bond itself to have lower mechanical stability than is the case for the fiber composite material. In an inflated

In case of load, this often leads to tearing or shearing off of the adhesive bond itself. If the adhesive bond has sufficient strength with regard to its mechanical strength, then there is a disadvantage of known adhesive bonds in that they only contact the respective surface of the fiber composite material of the component. Thus, when force is introduced into highly dynamic or Excessive load situations, the power dissipation difficult only from the surface of the fiber composite material in the material depth of the

Fiber composite material worn. This can lead to failure within the fiber composite, as shearing or peeling of individual layers of the fiber composite material is the result. In known methods, the adhesive bonds are accordingly carried out over a relatively large area in order to reduce the risk of this failure. Nevertheless, the one-sided connection via an adhesive bond leads to asymmetric force introduction into the fiber composite material of the first component, so that the fundamental risk of peeling or shearing off individual layers of the fiber composite material persists.

It is an object of the present invention to at least partially overcome the disadvantages described above. In particular, it is an object of the present invention, in a cost effective and simple manner to improve the mechanical strength of the structural component, consisting of at least two interconnected by means of an adhesive connection components.

The above object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a Strukturbauteii with the features of claim 5. Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. In this case, features and details that are described in connection with the method according to the invention, of course, also in connection with the inventive

Structural component and in each case vice versa, so that with respect to the disclosure of the individual invention aspects always reciprocal reference is or can be.

A method according to the invention serves to produce a structural component of a vehicle and has the following steps:

- Provide a first component of a

Fiber composite material,

Providing a second component, comprising at least one adhesive groove, Introducing an adhesive into the adhesive groove of the second component,

Inserting an adhesive portion of the first component into the adhesive groove of the second component while displacing the adhesive in adhesive gaps between the adhesive portion and the adhesive groove,

- curing of the adhesive to an adhesive bond.

A method according to the invention serves to produce the structural component of a vehicle. Here, two components are connected to one another via an adhesive connection, as is already known in principle as a connection system for two components in a structural component of a vehicle. However, the bonding process itself as well as the arrangement of the individual components differ significantly from known methods. The first component is made of fiber composite material and therefore basically brings the problem with it, which has been explained with reference to adhesive bonds to fiber composites in the introduction of this application. The material of the second component may comprise a fiber composite or any other material.

According to the invention, the second component is provided with at least one adhesive groove

educated. This adhesive groove is preferably for receiving the

Adhesive portion of the first component formed. This means that the adhesive groove has a sufficient free cross-section, so that the adhesive portion of the first component can be inserted. When inserting it is important to ensure that between the adhesive groove and the adhesive portion adhesive gaps remain, in which the adhesive can be arranged. The arrangement of the adhesive within the respective adhesive gap is carried out substantially automatically, since this is the remaining space in which the adhesive during insertion of the

Adhesive section is pressed into the adhesive groove. The curing of the adhesive may e.g. by heat or by

Waiting and drying of the adhesive can be achieved. The adhesive gaps are formed, for example, in the range between about 0.1 and about 10 mm. Preferably, the adhesive gaps on both sides of the adhesive portion are the same size or substantially the same size. For the purposes of the present invention, a structural component is, for example, a frame component, a body component or a trim component of the vehicle. In particular, it serves to accommodate mechanical loads, so that a power transmission between the two components of the structural component must be carried out. As materials for the second component is in addition to fiber composite material such as ceramic, plastic or metal in question.

The shape of the structural component is not limited in the context of the present invention. Thus, both individual components for connection to each other to the structural component have a variety of geometric extensions. As an example, e.g. called plate-like shapes, round shapes or curved shapes. A decisive advantage of a method according to the invention is the possibility of an at least two-sided or even three-sided adhesive bond on

Fiber composite material of the first component to be able to provide. This means that a demand-based load situation can be achieved. In particular, from both sides of the respective cover layer of

Fiber composite material to be transmitted load to be introduced into the fiber composite material of the first component. This allows a preferably substantially symmetrical introduction of force. That way, the risks can be

be significantly reduced in terms of a Abschälprozesses or shear stresses within the material of the fiber composite material. Without one

Change of the individual components, ie the first component or the second component, can in this way the mechanical stability of the entire

Structural component can be significantly improved. This previously identified as a weak point connection between the two components is effectively reinforced in this way and above all in a cost effective and simple manner.

A method according to the invention can be further developed such that the adhesive is introduced at the base of the adhesive groove. This significantly reduces the effort of introducing the adhesive. Thus, for example, an injection device can be used, which adhesive points or adhesive lines at the bottom of the Applying adhesive throat. An active distribution of the adhesive can be dispensed with, since by the introduction of the adhesive portion into the adhesive groove automatically the adhesive must escape from the bottom of the adhesive groove. The evasion takes place in the forming adhesive gaps between the adhesive portion and the adhesive groove. Thus, the adhesive gaps are also a game between the adhesive groove and the

To understand adhesive section. The final positioning is accomplished by inserting the first component for the adhesive. The adhesive can be active as well as passive and subsequently activatable. Also other activation possibilities, such as Pressure activation or radiation activation by infrared radiation are conceivable within the meaning of the present invention.

It is also advantageous if, in a method according to the invention, the adhesive in the cured adhesive bond has a mechanical stability which is greater than or equal to the mechanical stability of the two components. In this way it is ensured that a failure can not take place within the adhesive bond. Increases the burden situation for the

Structural component, the adhesive bond is superior in mechanical stability of the two components. Thus, the weakest position and

Accordingly, the failure occurs in one of the components and not in the adhesive bond. In a component, such a failure can be e.g. be explicitly predefined by deformation sections. Of course, by a erfmdungsgemäßes process, the adhesive bond itself can be defined as a failure location. An inventive design with increased mechanical stability or defined mechanical stability of the adhesive bond thus leads to a definable deformation behavior of the entire structural component.

In addition, it is advantageous if, in a method according to the invention, the adhesive groove is produced by a material-removing method. This is particularly advantageous if the adhesive groove in a second component

Fiber composite material is generated. By means of the material-removing method, individual fiber layers of the fiber composite material of the second component can be exposed, so that an adhesive connection is provided which, at least in this second component, also extends into the deeper core layers of the fiber composite material. By a connection of a first component with Fiber composite material with a second component with fiber composite material is achieved in this way an even greater stability in terms of the connection. Alternatively, however, it is also possible that the individual layers as layers of tissue layered on top of each other form the adhesive throat in its final form.

Likewise provided by the present invention is a structural component for a vehicle, comprising a first component made of a fiber composite material and a second component, which are connected to one another by means of adhesive

A structural component according to the invention is characterized in that the second component has at least one adhesive groove in which an adhesive portion of the first component is received with the formation of adhesive gaps on both sides. Next, the adhesive is disposed in the adhesive gaps to form an adhesive bond of the two components. A structural component according to the invention is preferably produced by a method according to the invention and accordingly brings about the same advantages as have been explained in detail with reference to a method according to the invention. Again, it should be pointed out that the geometry of the individual components is not limited, but rather is essentially freely selectable. The adhesive groove does not necessarily have to run over the entire extent of the respective component. Rather, sections of adhesive grooves on the second component and are also partially

according to sections conceivable embodiments of adhesive portions on the first component conceivable. Thus, further weight and effort can be saved in the production of the structural component. A structural component according to the invention can be further developed such that the adhesive gaps extend parallel or substantially parallel to the main load axis of the structural component. The main load axis is the direction, which transmits the majority of the loads in the use of the structural component. Is e.g. the first component is designed as a fiber composite material pipe, so is

usually the main load axis the axis of rotation of this tube. Thus, it can be said of an axial tensile load and / or an axial pressure load as the main load functionality. Along or parallel or substantially parallel to this main axis of axial load now extend the adhesive gaps. This leads to an improved load situation in use, so that the power transmission between the two components can be performed as well as possible. In the case of load, this is the probability of a

Peeling process or a shearing process in the fiber composite material of the first component reduced.

It is also advantageous if in a structural component according to the invention, the two components with circumferentially closed cross-section and in

Circumferentially completely circumferential adhesive groove are formed. Thus, essentially the entire impact between the two components for the

provided adhesive bond according to the invention. The entire surface of the adhesive bond can be increased in this way, in particular maximized. Also, this increased area can provide improved adhesive strength and improved transferability from the forces. Furthermore, the surface-specific power transmission is improved by the enlarged cross-section or the enlarged force transmission surface of the adhesive bond. This improves the stability of the structural component in mechanical terms.

It is also advantageous if, in the case of a structural component according to the invention, the depth of the adhesive groove is greater than or equal to the thickness of the first component. A sufficient depth of the adhesive groove also increases the maximum available surface for the adhesive bond. In other words, a sufficiently large overlap between the adhesive groove and the adhesive portion is provided. This also reduces the area-specific power transmission, so that the stability of the adhesive bond and thus the mechanical stability of the entire structural component can be further improved. The production of a structural component according to the invention in accordance with a method according to the invention achieves the same advantages as described in detail with reference to FIG

inventive method have been explained.

Further features, advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description in which, with reference to the drawings, embodiments of the invention are described in detail. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description can each individually be inventive in itself or in any combination. It show schematically;

1 shows a first step of a method according to the invention,

2 shows a further step of a method according to the invention,

Fig. 3 shows a further step of a method according to the invention, Fig. 4 shows a further step of a method according to the invention and

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a structural component according to the invention.

1 to 4 is an embodiment of an embodiment schematically

inventive method explained. Thus, Fig. 1 shows the start of such a method. In this case, a first component 20 made of fiber composite material and a second component 30 made of any other material or even out

Fiber composite material provided. It can already be seen from FIG. 1 that an adhesive groove 32 is provided in the second component 30, which provides a free cross-section for the insertion of an adhesive portion 22 of the first component.

Fig. 2 shows that along a curved arrow on the base 32a of the adhesive groove 32, an adhesive 40 in a punctiform or linear manner

has been applied. The left-hand arrow on the first component 20 shows the insertion direction of the first component 20 after the adhesive 40 has been brought into the position shown.

FIG. 3 shows a position after the insertion of the adhesive portion 22 of the first component 20 into the adhesive groove 32 of the second component 30. During the insertion, that is to say the transition from FIG. 2 to FIG. 3, the penetrating adhesive portion 22 displaces the adhesive 40 from the second component 30 Reason 32a of the adhesive groove 32. This displacement leads to a distribution of the adhesive 40 between the adhesive portion 22 and the

Walls 32b of the adhesive groove 32. This section between the walls 32b and the adhesive portion 22 is also referred to as an adhesive gap 50. In this case, a planar distribution of the adhesive is performed at the same time, which can be seen in the result in Fig. 3 Next, Fig. 3 shows the optional carrying out an active curing or activating the adhesive 40. This can for example by a curing device 00 in the form of a heat device for Will be provided. Others too

Actions, e.g. Infrared radiation or ultrasound are part of the

present invention conceivable.

4 shows the finally produced structural component 10 with the hardened adhesive 40 in the adhesive gaps 50. The adhesive bond was produced and provided with a defined, preferably with a higher mechanical stability, than is the case for the two components 20 and 30. Possible

Failure vulnerabilities are thus no longer in the field of

Adhesive bond, but in the region of the two components 20 and 30, or alternatively defined in the region of the adhesive bond.

Fig. 5 shows schematically that the first component 20 made of fiber composite, e.g. may be formed substantially tubular. The second component 30 may be e.g. Form a kind of end cap, which provides the mechanical interface for connection to the first component 20. Here, the relation between the depth T of the adhesive groove 32 and the thickness D of the first component 20 can be seen well. Thus, a sufficiently large overlap is provided here in order to provide a sufficiently large area for the adhesive bond of the adhesive 40 can be provided. It can also be seen from FIG. 5 that a main load axis B can be defined here, which represents the main load direction of the structural component 10. The individual adhesive gaps 50 between the

Adhesive portion 22 and the walls 32b of the adhesive groove 32 extend parallel or substantially parallel to the main load axis B. This leads to a particularly stress-oriented alignment of the respective adhesive bond, so that an improved reduction of the risk of Abschälvorgängen or shearing operations within the material of the first component 20 can be adjusted. The above explanation of the embodiments describes the present invention solely by way of example. Of course, individual features of the embodiments, if technically feasible, can be combined freely with one another, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 structural component

20 first component

22 gluing section

30 second component

32 adhesive throat

32a Reason for the gluteal throat

32b wall of the adhesive groove

40 adhesive

50 adhesive gap

100 curing device

B main load axis

D thickness of the first component

T depth of adhesive groove

Claims

claims

A method of manufacturing a structural component (10) of a vehicle, comprising the following steps:

Providing a first component (20) made of a fiber composite material,

Providing a second component (30), comprising at least one adhesive groove (32),

- introducing an adhesive (40) into the adhesive groove (32) of the second component (30),

- Inserting an adhesive portion (22) of the first component (20) in the adhesive groove (32) of the second component (30) by displacing the adhesive (40) in Klebespa Ite (50) between the adhesive portion (22) and the adhesive groove (32) .

- curing the adhesive (40) to form an adhesive bond.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive (40) at the bottom (32a) of the adhesive groove (32) is introduced.

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the adhesive (40) cured in the

Adhesive joint has a mechanical stability, which is greater than or equal to the mechanical stability of the two components (20, 30).

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the Kiebekehle (32) is produced by a material removal process.

5. A structural component (10) for a vehicle, comprising a first component (20) made of a fiber composite material and a second component (30), which

connected to each other by means of adhesive (40), characterized in that the second component (30) at least one adhesive groove (32), in which under formation of adhesive gaps (50) on both sides

Adhesive portion (22) of the first component (20) is received and the adhesive (40) in the adhesive gaps (50) to form a

Adhesive connection of the two components (20, 30) is arranged.

6. Structural component (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the

Adhesive gaps (50) are parallel or substantially parallel to the

Main load axis (B) of the structural component (10) extend.

7. Structural component (10) according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized

characterized in that the two components (20, 30) are formed with a circumferentially closed cross-section and in the circumferential direction completely circumferential adhesive groove (32).

8. Structural component (10) according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized

in that the depth (T) of the adhesive groove (32) is greater than or equal to the thickness (D) of the first component (20).

9. structural component (10) according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized

in that it is produced by means of a method having the features of one of claims 1 to 4.