WO2014101481A1 - 基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法 - Google Patents
基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014101481A1 WO2014101481A1 PCT/CN2013/083472 CN2013083472W WO2014101481A1 WO 2014101481 A1 WO2014101481 A1 WO 2014101481A1 CN 2013083472 W CN2013083472 W CN 2013083472W WO 2014101481 A1 WO2014101481 A1 WO 2014101481A1
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- Prior art keywords
- vibration isolation
- isolation device
- composite vibration
- isolator
- rubber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/022—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using dampers and springs in combination
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of vibration control, in particular to a structure sound control method based on a composite vibration isolation device.
- the noise in the power distribution room is mainly the electromagnetic noise and mechanical noise generated when the transformer is running.
- Electromagnetic noise is mainly caused by the magnetostriction of the silicon steel sheet and the electromagnetic force in the winding.
- the mechanical noise is caused by the vibration of the equipment and the operation of the cooling fan.
- Most of the transformers used in residential power distribution rooms are dry distribution transformers. Research results at home and abroad show that the noise of dry distribution transformers is mainly caused by core magnetostriction. Since the change period of magnetostriction is exactly half a cycle of the power supply frequency (the fundamental frequency of China's power supply is 50 Hz), the vibration of the transformer body caused by magnetostriction is twice the power frequency as its fundamental frequency.
- the frequency range of the core vibration of the distribution transformer is usually between 100 and 500 Hz. It is generally believed that the vibration frequency is less than 6 Hz for low frequency vibration, 6 to 100 Hz for medium frequency vibration, and greater than 100 Hz for high frequency vibration.
- the frequency at which the transformer vibrates outward is mainly 100 Hz, and is multiplied at 100 Hz, which are all high frequency vibrations.
- the natural frequency of the vibration isolation seat can be made relatively low (currently in China, the natural vibration frequency of the vibration isolation seat under the rated load has been as low as 3 ⁇ 5Hz, thus solving The low-frequency range does not provide vibration isolation, but the high-frequency vibration isolation problem is highlighted.
- a large number of studies indicate that the existing simple vibration isolation device is only effective for low-frequency range isolation, and for high-frequency vibration interference above 100Hz, vibration isolation effect. It is not ideal. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for effectively controlling the high-frequency structural noise generated by the vibration device. This method is suitable for structural noise propagation control and vibration control in transformers, reactors, capacitors, etc. in substations and power distribution rooms. .
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a structural sound transmission control method based on a composite vibration isolation device, which can effectively control the high frequency structural noise generated by the vibration device.
- the method is applicable to the field of structural noise propagation control and vibration control of transformers, reactors and capacitors in substations and power distribution rooms.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a structural sound transmission control method based on a composite vibration isolation device, including Next steps:
- SI determining a required composite vibration isolating device according to parameters of the isolated mechanical device; the composite vibration isolating device is mounted on a horizontal bearing surface;
- the step of installing the composite vibration isolating device on the horizontal bearing surface in the step S1 comprises the following steps:
- the isolated mechanical device is vertically placed on the composite vibration isolating device, and is placed in a manner corresponding to the center of gravity of the isolated mechanical device and the composite vibration isolating device.
- determining the required composite vibration isolating device according to the parameters of the isolated mechanical device in the S1 comprises the following steps:
- the step S4 further includes the following steps:
- S42 Determine the number of spring isolator and rubber isolator in the composite vibration isolating device.
- the isolated mechanical device is connected to the bridge, the cable and the pipe by a flexible coupling.
- the mounting position of the spring isolator is opposite to the mounting position of the rubber isolator in the vertical direction.
- a spring isolator is arranged above the intermediate mass, and a rubber isolator is arranged below the intermediate mass.
- the intermediate mass is mounted between the spring isolator and the rubber isolator, and the spring isolator and the rubber isolator are evenly distributed around the intermediate mass.
- the present invention has the following advantages:
- the invention uses a composite vibration isolation system to control the propagation of high-frequency structural noise, and provides a vibration isolation device between the isolated mechanical device and the load-bearing foundation, and the vibration isolation device is a composite vibration isolation device, and the vibration isolation device is A simple vibration isolation system provides higher vibration isolation efficiency in the high frequency range.
- the mass of the intermediate weight block and adjusting the natural frequency of the composite vibration isolating device it is lower than the structural vibration sounding frequency generated by the operation of the isolated mechanical device; the energy transfer of the structural noise of the isolated mechanical device can be reduced, Efficient isolation of structural sound transmission when mechanical equipment vibrates.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a composite vibration isolation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a result of a natural frequency test of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a frequency-reducing effect of a fixed frequency of 100 Hz according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a frequency-reducing effect of a fixed frequency of 150 Hz according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a fixed frequency 250 Hz vibration reduction effect according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fixed frequency 300 Hz vibration reduction effect according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- a preferred embodiment of a fixed frequency 350 Hz damping effect diagram
- Figure 11 is a diagram showing the effect of a constant frequency 400 Hz vibration reduction according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- a flow chart of a first embodiment of a structure sound transmission control method based on a composite vibration isolating device is provided.
- adjusting the natural frequency of the composite vibration isolating device can be adjusted to an optimal frequency point or accessory range, and the vibration isolation effect is the best at this time.
- this natural frequency must be lower than the structural vibration transmission frequency generated by the operation of the isolated mechanical equipment.
- This optimal frequency point (or range) is calculated based on the relevant operational vibration parameters of the isolated mechanical equipment, based on the structural acoustic isolation theory.
- the isolated mechanical device is any one of a transformer, a reactor or a capacitor in a substation or a power distribution room, and a reinforced concrete mass with a sufficient rigidity is installed at the bottom of the transformer to improve the base of the machine. Stiffness, reduce equipment amplitude, improve unit balance performance and uniformity of mass distribution, make the vibration isolator uniform, optimize the frequency characteristics of the overall structure, and help to suppress high frequency noise. Improve the stress environment of the vibration isolation device and increase the service life.
- a composite vibration isolation system is used to control the propagation of high-frequency structure noise, and a vibration isolation device is disposed between the isolated mechanical device and the load-bearing foundation, and the vibration isolation device is a composite vibration isolation device, and the vibration isolation device Compared to a simple vibration isolation system, the device is more efficient in vibration isolation in the high frequency range.
- the mass of the intermediate weight block and adjusting the natural frequency of the composite vibration isolating device it is lower than the structural vibration sounding frequency generated by the operation of the isolated mechanical device; the energy transfer of the structural noise of the isolated mechanical device can be reduced, Efficient isolation of structural sound transmission when mechanical equipment vibrates.
- FIG. 2 there is shown a schematic view of a composite vibration isolating device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the composite vibration isolation device provided by the embodiment of the present invention belongs to a double-layer vibration isolation and noise reduction device.
- the composite vibration isolation device includes: top layer construction rubber 8, support panel 1, spring isolator 2, damper 3, intermediate mass 4, rubber isolator 5, base panel 6 and bottom construction rubber 7.
- the rubber isolator 5 is mounted on the base panel 6;
- the spring isolator 2 and the rubber isolator 5 in the vibration isolating device provided in this embodiment are both two, and are disposed symmetrically left and right.
- the intermediate mass 4 is mounted on the rubber isolator 5;
- the intermediate mass 4 provided by the embodiment of the present invention may pass through the steel plate or the concrete slab as the basic body of the intermediate mass 4 to ensure the basic quality of the intermediate mass 4 weight.
- a suitable number of weight sub-blocks of different quality levels are provided to achieve the quality of the entire intermediate mass 4 to adapt to the vibration isolation requirements of different mechanical devices.
- the quality of the entire intermediate mass can be changed by increasing or decreasing the number of weight sub-blocks.
- weights of the respective weight sub-blocks may be the same or different.
- the spring isolator 2 and the damper 3 are mounted on the intermediate mass 4;
- damper 3 is installed at the center of the intermediate mass 4, and the two spring isolator 2 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the damper 3.
- the support panel 1 is mounted on the spring isolator 2 and the damper 3;
- a top structural rubber 8 and a bottom structural rubber 7 are respectively laid at the upper end of the support panel 1 and the lower end of the base panel 6.
- the installation is performed in such a manner that the center of gravity of the isolated mechanical device and the composite vibration isolating device overlap.
- the rubber vibration isolator 5 is mounted at a position opposite to the mounting position of the spring isolator 2.
- a spring isolator is disposed above the intermediate mass, and a rubber isolator is disposed below the intermediate mass.
- the intermediate weight is mounted between the spring isolator and the rubber isolator, and the spring isolator and the rubber isolator are evenly distributed around the intermediate mass.
- FIG. 2 is only a side view of the composite vibration isolating device, so it can be seen that there are two spring isolator, two rubber isolator, it can be understood that the spring isolator and the rubber vibration isolation There can be more than one.
- Determining the required composite vibration isolating device according to the parameters of the isolated mechanical device in the S1 includes the following steps:
- S18 Determine the quality of the intermediate mass of the composite vibration isolating device and its distribution according to the quality of the isolated mechanical device.
- the step S4 further includes the following steps:
- Adjusting the stiffness parameter can change the frequency; Adjusting the damping does not change the frequency, but it can improve the vibration performance, for example, it can significantly reduce the resonance port response.
- S42 Determine the number of spring isolator and rubber isolator in the composite vibration isolating device.
- Each spring isolator and rubber isolator have corresponding stiffness, and the number of them determines the stiffness of the vibration isolating device, thus realizing the adjustment of its natural frequency.
- the isolated mechanical device is connected to the bridge, cable and pipe by a flexible coupling.
- the size of the bottom panel of the composite vibration isolating device is determined according to the size of the bottom surface of the isolated mechanical device, and the base thickness of the bottom panel is generally 20 cm to 30 cm.
- ⁇ vibration coefficient ⁇ meaning: ⁇ the dynamic load transmitted to the hidden foundation when not hidden' used 50, 100 ⁇ , 150 ⁇ , 200 ⁇ , 250 ⁇ , 300 ⁇ , 350 ⁇ , respectively, in the test,
- the electromagnetic resonator excitation power amplifier output voltage amplitude constant 3V constant harmonic load applied to the top of the model to simulate the vertical vibration generated by the core magnetostriction in the transformer.
- An accelerometer is mounted on the bottom of the mass of the analog transformer, on the top of the intermediate mass, and on the base panel to test its dynamic response.
- FIG. 3 is a result of a natural frequency test of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fixed frequency 50 Hz vibration reduction effect of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a fixed frequency 100 Hz vibration reduction of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a frequency-reducing effect of a constant frequency of 150 Hz according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a frequency-reducing effect of a fixed-frequency 200 Hz according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a frequency-reducing effect of a fixed frequency of 300 Hz according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a damping effect of a fixed frequency of 350 Hz according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the solid line with the largest amplitude is the effect of the external exciting force and the top plate of the vibration isolating device.
- the solid line with moderate amplitude is the vibration effect of the intermediate mass, and the smallest dashed line is the vibration effect of the bottom plate of the vibration isolation device. It shows that the vibration response of the external vibration is greatly reduced after vibration isolation by the vibration isolation device, which shows that the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation device is very obvious.
- the dotted line is the acceleration response of the base panel. It can be seen from the figure that the spring isolator absorbs most of the vibration, and the remaining part of the energy is converted into the vibration of the intermediate mass. Due to the action of the rubber isolator, only a small part of the vibration is transmitted to Base panel.
- the vibration attenuation law of the vibration isolation device under the unit load external load of different frequencies is as follows:
- the vibration transmission is relatively obvious. This is because 50Hz is close to the second-order natural frequency (47.6Hz) of the isolator, and the local resonance caused by the 300Hz and the spring self-vibration frequency (310Hz). , while other frequency bands can guarantee the transmission rate is less than 1%.
- the transformer vibration noise is 100Hz multiplier, with 100Hz and 200Hz as the main frequency components.
- the vibration isolation rate of the device for these two frequencies is 0.64% and 1.09% respectively, which proves that there is obvious vibration isolation effect. Design requirements.
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Abstract
一种基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法,包括以下步骤:S1:根据被隔离机械设备的参数确定所需的复合式隔振装置;S2:将被隔离机械设备竖直放于复合式隔振装置上;S3:调节复合式隔振装置的中间质量块(4)质量;S4:调节复合式隔振装置的固有频率,使其低于被隔离机械设备工作产生的结构振动传声频率;S5:固定被隔离机械设备。采用复合式隔振系统来控制高频结构噪声的传播,在被隔离机械设备和承载基础之间设置隔振装置,通过上下两层隔振器(2,5)、阻尼器(3)及中间质量块(4)的性能参数匹配,通过中间质量块(4)的能量吸收和弹簧、橡胶隔振器(2,5)的有效隔离,降低结构噪声的能量传递,高效隔离机械振动设备的结构传声。
Description
基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法
本申请要求于 2012年 12月 25 日 提交中 国专利局、 申请号为 201210569290.2、 发明名称为"基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法 "的中 国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及振动控制领域,特别涉及一种基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声 控制方法。
背景技术
配电房噪声主要是变压器运行时产生的电磁噪声和机械噪声。电磁噪声主 要是由硅钢片的磁致伸缩和绕组中的电磁力引起,机械噪声则是设备振动、冷 却风扇运转引起。 小区配电房内所用变压器大多为干式配电变压器, 国内外研究成果表明, 干式配电变压器噪声最主要是由铁心磁致伸缩引起的。由于磁致伸缩的变化周 期恰恰是电源频率(我国电源基频是 50Hz ) 的半个周期, 所以磁致伸缩引起 的变压器本体的振动,是以两倍的电源频率为其基频的, 故干式配电变压器铁 心振动的频语范围通常在 100 ~ 500Hz之间。 一般认为, 振动频率小于 6Hz为低频振动, 6 ~ 100Hz为中频振动, 大于 100Hz 为高频振动。 变压器振动向外传递的频率主要为 100Hz, 及以 100Hz 的倍频, 这些均属于高频振动。 目前在户内变电站或配电房结构传声治理方面, 有下面两种技术措施:
(1)釆用吸声、 隔声措施。 一方面, 如果釆用这种措施, 对于空气传声的 控制效果较好, 而对于结构传声的控制效果往往较差, 而且这些传统吸声、 隔 声材料对吸隔声的噪声频率范围有局限性; 另一方面,在户内变电站或配电房
室内釆用传统的吸声、 隔声处理, 可能会导致通风换热质量降低, 运行变压器 温度上升, 加快变压器绝缘材料老化, 影响其使用寿命。
(2)简单隔振系统。 目前针对已有部分施工单位在变压器结构传声控制时 加装简单的隔振系统, 类似的几个减振弹簧, 几个减震垫, 或者其组合体, 在 安装与调节时没有进行合理优化, 对变压器所产生的高频振动不甚理想。 抑制结构噪音使之不向外传播的最好方式是用隔振座。在古典的隔振理论 中认为隔振对高频效果比较好, 主要是在低频时隔振效率低,认为隔振的难点 在于低频范围。 近年来, 随着隔振座设计制造技术的不断改进, 隔振座的自然 频率可以做得比较低 (目前在国内, 额定载荷下隔振座的自振频率已低到 3 ~ 5Hz, 从而解决了低频范围不隔振的问题, 反而使得高频隔振问题突显出来。 大量研究指出, 现有简单隔振装置仅对低频范围隔离十分有效, 而对于 100Hz 以上的高频振动干扰, 隔振效果并不理想。 因此, 急需一种能够有效控制振动装置产生的高频结构噪声的方法。该方 法适用于变电站和配电房内的变压器、 电抗器、 电容器等结构噪声传播治理、 振动控制领域中。
发明内容
有鉴于此 ,本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种基于复合式隔振装置的 结构传声控制方法, 能够有效控制振动装置产生的高频结构噪声。该方法适用 于变电站和配电房内的变压器、 电抗器、 电容器等结构噪声传播治理、 振动控 制领域中。 本发明实施例提供一种基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法 ,包括以
下步骤:
SI :根据被隔离机械设备的参数确定所需的复合式隔振装置; 所述复合式 隔振装置安装在水平承载面上;
S2: 将被隔离机械设备竖直放于复合式隔振装置上;
S3: 调节复合式隔振装置的中间配重块质量;
S4: 调节复合式隔振装置的固有频率,使其低于被隔离机械设备工作产生 的结构振动传声频率。
优选地, 所述步骤 S1中所述复合式隔振装置安装在水平承载面上具体包 括以下步骤:
S11 : 在水平承载面上安装底层构造橡胶及底座面板;
S12: 将橡胶隔振器安装在底座面板上;
S13: 将中间质量块安装在橡胶隔振器上;
S14: 将弹簧隔振器和阻尼器安装在中间质量块上;
S15: 将支座面板及顶层构造橡胶安装在弹簧隔振器和阻尼器上;
S16: 将被隔离的机械设备安装在顶层构造橡胶上。
优选地, 所述步骤 S2中将被隔离机械设备竖直放于复合式隔振装置上, 具体按照被隔离机械设备和复合式隔振装置的重心重合的方式进行放置。
优选地, 所述 S1中根据被隔离机械设备的参数确定所需的复合式隔振装 置包括以下步骤:
S17: 根据被隔离机械设备的底面尺寸确定复合式隔振装置的底座面板的
S18: 根据被隔离机械设备的质量确定复合式隔振装置的中间质量块的质 量及其分布方式。
优选地, 所述步骤 S4中还包括以下步骤:
S41 : 调节复合式隔振装置的弹簧隔振器、 阻尼器和橡胶隔振器的刚度参 数和阻尼参数;
S42: 确定复合式隔振装置中弹簧隔振器和橡胶隔振器的个数。
优选地,所述被隔离机械设备釆用柔性联接方式与桥架、电缆和管道连接。 优选地,所述弹簧隔振器的安装位置与橡胶隔振器的在竖直方向的安装位 置正对。
优选地, 所述中间质量块上方布置弹簧隔振器, 所述中间质量块下方布置 橡胶隔振器。
优选地, 所述中间质量块安装在弹簧隔振器和橡胶隔振器之间, 所述弹簧 隔振器和橡胶隔振器均匀分布于中间质量块四周。
与现有技术相比, 本发明具有以下优点:
本发明釆用复合式隔振系统来控制高频结构噪声的传播,在被隔离机械设 备和承载基础之间设置隔振装置, 该隔振装置为复合式隔振装置, 这种隔振装 置比起简单的隔振系统, 在高频范围内的隔振效率更高。通过调节中间配重块 的的质量, 以及调节复合式隔振装置的固有频率,使其低于被隔离机械设备工 作产生的结构振动传声频率; 可以降低被隔离机械设备结构噪声的能量传递, 高效隔离机械设备振动时的结构传声。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施 例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地, 下面描述 中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付 出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。 图 1为本发明的优选实施例流程图; 图 2为本发明的优选实施例复合式隔振装置示意图; 图 3为本发明的优选实施例固有频率试验结果; 图 4为本发明的优选实施例定频 50Hz减振效果图; 图 5为本发明的优选实施例定频 100Hz减振效果图; 图 6为本发明的优选实施例定频 150Hz减振效果图; 图 7为本发明的优选实施例定频 200Hz减振效果图; 图 8为本发明的优选实施例定频 250Hz减振效果图; 图 9为本发明的优选实施例定频 300Hz减振效果图; 图 10为本发明的优选实施例定频 350Hz减振效果图;
图 11为本发明的优选实施例定频 400Hz减振效果图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是 全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂, 下面结合附图对 本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
参见图 1 , 该图为本发明提供的基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法 实施例一流程图。
本实施例提供的基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法包括以下步骤:
S1 :根据被隔离机械设备的参数确定所需的复合式隔振装置; 所述复合式 隔振装置安装在水平承载面上。
S2: 将被隔离机械设备竖直放于复合式隔振装置上;
S3 : 调节复合式隔振装置的中间配重块质量;
S4: 调节复合式隔振装置的固有频率,使其低于被隔离机械设备工作产生 的结构振动传声频率;
需要说明的是,调节复合式隔振装置的固有频率, 可以调节到一个最优的 频率点或者附件范围内, 此时的隔振效果是最好的。但是这个固有频率一定要 低于被隔离机械设备工作产生的结构振动传声频率。
这个最优的频率点(或范围)是根据被隔离机械设备的相关工作振动参数, 依据结构传声隔离理论计算而得到。
S5: 固定被隔离机械设备。
需要说明的是, 本实施例中被隔离机械设备为变电站或配电房中的变压 器、 电抗器或电容器的任一种设备,在变压器底安装一个刚度足够大钢筋混凝 土质量块, 提高机座的刚度、 减小设备振幅、 改善机组平衡性能及质量分布的 均匀性、使隔振器受力均匀,优化整体结构的频率特性,有助于抑制高频噪声。
改善隔振装置的受力环境, 提高使用寿命。
本发明实施例釆用复合式隔振系统来控制高频结构噪声的传播,在被隔离 机械设备和承载基础之间设置隔振装置, 该隔振装置为复合式隔振装置, 这种 隔振装置比起简单的隔振系统, 在高频范围内的隔振效率更高。通过调节中间 配重块的的质量, 以及调节复合式隔振装置的固有频率,使其低于被隔离机械 设备工作产生的结构振动传声频率;可以降低被隔离机械设备结构噪声的能量 传递, 高效隔离机械设备振动时的结构传声。
为了使本领域技术人员能够更好地理解和实施本发明提供的技术方案,下 面结合图 2介绍本发明提供的复合式隔振装置的具体结构。
下面结合图 2详细介绍本发明实施例提供的复合式隔振装置示意图。 参见图 2, 该图为本发明的优选实施例复合式隔振装置示意图。
需要说明的是,本发明实施例提供的复合式隔振装置属于双层隔振降噪装 置。
复合式隔振装置包括: 顶层构造橡胶 8、 支座面板 1、 弹簧隔振器 2、 阻 尼器 3、 中间质量块 4、 橡胶隔振器 5、 底座面板 6和底层构造橡胶 7。
如图 2所示, 所述橡胶隔振器 5安装在底座面板 6上;
需要说明的是,本实施例提供的隔振装置中的弹簧隔振器 2和橡胶隔振器 5均为两个, 左右对称设置。
所述中间质量块 4安装在橡胶隔振器 5上;
需要说明的是,本发明实施例提供的中间质量块 4可以通过钢板或混凝土 板作为中间质量块 4的基本体, 以保证中间质量块 4配重块的基础质量, 另配
备不同质量等级的适当数量的配重子块,以实现整个中间质量块 4的质量可以 适配不同机械设备隔振的需求。可以通过增减配重子块的个数来改变整个中间 质量块的质量。
需要说明的是, 各个配重子块的重量可以相同, 也可以不相同。
可以理解的是,基本体与各个配重子块之间应该固定连接, 具体的连接方 式可以釆用螺栓、 卡扣或胶联等方式。
所述弹簧隔振器 2和阻尼器 3安装在中间质量块 4上;
需要说明的是, 阻尼器 3安装在中间质量块 4的中心位置, 两个弹簧隔振 器 2对称安装在阻尼器 3的两侧。
所述支座面板 1安装在弹簧隔振器 2和阻尼器 3上;
在支座面板 1的上端和底座面板 6的下端分别铺设顶层构造橡胶 8和底层 构造橡胶 7。
下面结合图 2说明图 1中的所述步骤 S1中所述复合式隔振装置安装在水 平承载面上具体包括以下步骤:
S11 : 在水平承载面上安装底层构造橡胶 7及底座面板 6;
S12: 将橡胶隔振器 5安装在底座面板 6上;
S13: 将中间质量块 4安装在橡胶隔振器 5上;
S14: 将弹簧隔振器 2和阻尼器 3安装在中间质量块 4上;
S15:将支座面板 1及顶层构造橡胶 8安装在弹簧隔振器 2和阻尼器 3上; 需要说明的是,将复合式隔振装置安装在水平承载面上以后,再将被隔离
机械设备安装在顶层构造橡胶 8上。
所述步骤 S2中按照被隔离机械设备和复合式隔振装置的重心重合的方式 进行安装。
所述橡胶隔振器 5的安装位置与弹簧隔振器 2的安装位置正对。
所述中间质量块上方布置弹簧隔振器,所述中间质量块下方布置橡胶隔振 器。 所述中间配重块安装在弹簧隔振器和橡胶隔振器之间, 所述弹簧隔振器和 橡胶隔振器均匀分布于中间质量块四周。
需要说明的是, 图 2仅是复合式隔振装置的侧视图, 所以可以看到有两个 弹簧隔振器, 两个橡胶隔振器, 可以理解的是, 弹簧隔振器和橡胶隔振器可以 有多个。
例如, 弹簧隔振器和橡胶隔振器各设置 4个。
所述 S1中根据被隔离机械设备的参数确定所需的复合式隔振装置包括以 下步骤:
S17: 根据被隔离机械设备的底面尺寸确定与复合式隔振装置的底座面板 的尺寸大小;
S18: 根据被隔离机械设备的质量确定复合式隔振装置的中间质量块的质 量及其分布方式。
所述步骤 S4中还包括以下步骤:
S41 : 调节复合式隔振装置的弹簧隔振器和橡胶隔振器的刚度参数和阻尼 参数;
调节刚度参数可改变频率;
调节阻尼不会对频率产生改变,但可改善振动性能, 例如可显著率减共振 口向应。
S42: 确定复合式隔振装置中弹簧隔振器和橡胶隔振器的个数。
每个弹簧隔振器和橡胶隔振器均有对应的刚度,其个数的多少即决定了隔 振装置刚度的大小, 从而实现了其固有频率频率的调节。
所述被隔离机械设备釆用柔性联接方式与桥架、 电缆和管道连接。
所述复合式隔振装置的底面面板的尺寸根据被隔离机械设备的底面尺寸 确定, 一般底面面板的基础厚度为 20cm-30cm。
¾ , « p5 , ^ -, τ 隔振后传递到刚性基础上的动荷载
根据^振系数 疋义: ^不隱时传递到隱基础上的动荷载' 在试验中分别釆用了 50Ηζ、 100Ηζ、 150Ηζ、 200Ηζ、 250Ηζ、 300Ηζ、 350Ηζ、
400Ηζ频率, 电磁激振器配套功率放大器输出电压幅值恒为 3V的简谐荷载施 加于模型顶部, 以模拟变压器内铁芯磁致伸缩产生的竖向振动。在模拟变压器 的质量块底部、 中间质量块顶部及底座面板上分别安装加速度传感器, 测试其 动力响应。
如图所示, 图 3为本发明的优选实施例固有频率试验结果, 图 4为本发明 的优选实施例定频 50Hz减振效果图, 图 5为本发明的优选实施例定频 100Hz 减振效果图, 图 6为本发明的优选实施例定频 150Hz减振效果图, 图 7为本 发明的优选实施例定频 200Hz减振效果图, 图 8为本发明的优选实施例定频 250Hz减振效果图, 图 9为本发明的优选实施例定频 300Hz减振效果图, 图 10为本发明的优选实施例定频 350Hz减振效果图, 图 11为本发明的优选实施
例定频 400Hz减振效果图。
需要说明的是, 图 4-11 中有三个曲线, 一条为幅度最大的实线(为中间 质量块的加速度响应), 一条为幅度适中即较小的实线, 一条为最小即虚线。
幅度最大的实线是外激振力作用与隔振装置顶板的效果,幅度适中而较小 的实线是中间质量块的振动效果, 而最小的虚线是隔振装置底板的振动效果。 表明了较大的外激振动通过隔振装置隔振后,振动响应已经明显降低,说明了 本隔振装置的隔振效果非常明显。
虚线是底座面板加速度响应,由图可以看出,弹簧隔振器吸收大部分振动, 余下的一部分能量转化为中间质量块的振动, 因橡胶隔振器的作用,仅有极少 部分振动传递至底座面板。
经试验数据分析, 该隔振装置在不同频率的单位加速度外荷载下, 其振动 衰减规律如下:
当外荷载在 50Hz和 300Hz时, 振动传递相对较为明显, 这是因为 50Hz 与隔振器第二阶固有频率(47.6Hz )接近、 300Hz与钢弹簧自振频率(310Hz ) 接近所引起的局部共振, 而其他频段均能保证传递率在 1%以内。
根据现场实测, 变压器振动噪声为 100Hz倍频, 其中以 100Hz和 200Hz 为主要频率成分, 该装置针对这两个频率的隔振率分别为 0.64%和 1.09%, 证 实有明显的隔振效果, 满足设计要求。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非对本发明作任何形式上的 限制。 虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上, 然而并非用以限定本发明。 任何 熟悉本领域的技术人员, 在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下, 都可利用上述
揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰 ,或修改 为等同变化的等效实施例。 因此, 凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容, 依据本 发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰, 均仍属 于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。
Claims
1、 基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步 骤:
S1 :根据被隔离机械设备的参数确定所需的复合式隔振装置; 所述复合式 隔振装置安装在水平承载面上;
S2: 将被隔离机械设备竖直放于复合式隔振装置上;
S3: 调节复合式隔振装置的中间配重块质量;
S4: 调节复合式隔振装置的固有频率,使其低于被隔离机械设备工作产生 的结构振动传声频率。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法, 其 特征在于, 所述步骤 S1中所述复合式隔振装置安装在水平承载面上具体包括 以下步骤:
S11 : 在水平承载面上安装底层构造橡胶及底座面板;
S12: 将橡胶隔振器安装在底座面板上;
S13: 将中间质量块安装在橡胶隔振器上;
S14: 将弹簧隔振器和阻尼器安装在中间质量块上;
S15: 将支座面板及顶层构造橡胶安装在弹簧隔振器和阻尼器上;
S16: 将被隔离的机械设备安装在顶层构造橡胶上。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法, 其 特征在于, 所述步骤 S2中将被隔离机械设备竖直放于复合式隔振装置上, 具 体按照被隔离机械设备和复合式隔振装置的重心重合的方式进行放置。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法, 其 特征在于, 所述 S1中根据被隔离机械设备的参数确定所需的复合式隔振装置 包括以下步骤:
S17: 根据被隔离机械设备的底面尺寸确定复合式隔振装置的底座面板的 尺寸大小;
S18: 根据被隔离机械设备的质量确定复合式隔振装置的中间质量块的质 量及其分布方式。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法, 其 特征在于, 所述步骤 S4中还包括以下步骤:
S41 : 调节复合式隔振装置的弹簧隔振器、 阻尼器和橡胶隔振器的刚度参 数和阻尼参数;
S42: 确定复合式隔振装置中弹簧隔振器和橡胶隔振器的个数。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法, 其 特征在于, 所述被隔离机械设备釆用柔性联接方式与桥架、 电缆和管道连接。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法, 其 特征在于,所述弹簧隔振器的安装位置与橡胶隔振器的在竖直方向的安装位置 正对。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法, 其 特征在于, 所述中间质量块上方布置弹簧隔振器, 所述中间质量块下方布置橡 胶隔振器。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于复合式隔振装置的结构传声控制方法, 其
特征在于, 所述中间质量块安装在弹簧隔振器和橡胶隔振器之间, 所述弹簧隔 振器和橡胶隔振器均勾分布于中间质量块四周。
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103047336A (zh) | 2013-04-17 |
| US9534656B2 (en) | 2017-01-03 |
| US20150136937A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
| CN103047336B (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
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