WO2014101391A1 - 固定式ct装置 - Google Patents

固定式ct装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014101391A1
WO2014101391A1 PCT/CN2013/079380 CN2013079380W WO2014101391A1 WO 2014101391 A1 WO2014101391 A1 WO 2014101391A1 CN 2013079380 W CN2013079380 W CN 2013079380W WO 2014101391 A1 WO2014101391 A1 WO 2014101391A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ray
fixed
ray source
detector modules
emission points
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PCT/CN2013/079380
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张金宇
桑斌
段占军
张丽
赵自然
Original Assignee
同方威视技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2014101391A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014101391A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
    • G01V5/20—Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects
    • G01V5/22—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
    • G01V5/226—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays using tomography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
    • G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/29—Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beam; Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
    • G01T1/2914—Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
    • G01T1/2985—In depth localisation, e.g. using positron emitters; Tomographic imaging (longitudinal and transverse section imaging; apparatus for radiation diagnosis sequentially in different planes, steroscopic radiation diagnosis)
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/20—Sources of radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/40—Imaging
    • G01N2223/419—Imaging computed tomograph
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/50—Detectors
    • G01N2223/501—Detectors array
    • G01N2223/5015—Detectors array linear array

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rackless CT device and a control implementation method, which utilizes the design of a carbon nano ray source and a detector device to complete CT reconstruction without a rotating frame, and realizes identification of specific substances in the object to be tested, and is particularly suitable for use.
  • CT device for security screening for security screening.
  • the X-ray source having a plurality of ray emission points usually adopts a ring-shaped structure or an area array detector, which is bulky, heavy, and expensive. Summary of the invention
  • a CT apparatus comprising: a scanning channel; a stationary X-ray source disposed around the scanning channel, the X-ray source including a plurality of ray emission points; and a surrounding scanning channel A plurality of fixed detector modules are arranged, the plurality of detector modules being disposed opposite to the X-ray source.
  • At least some of the plurality of detector modules are arranged in a generally L-shape or a ⁇ shape when viewed in a plane intersecting the scanning channel.
  • At least some of the plurality of ray emission points of the X-ray source are arranged in a substantially L-shape, a ⁇ -shape or a linear shape when viewed in a plane intersecting the scanning channel.
  • the plane is substantially perpendicular to the scanning channel.
  • each of the detector modules has a radiation receiving surface, and the radiation receiving faces of the plurality of detector modules are adjacent to each other such that rays emitted from the plurality of radiation emitting points cannot pass between the radiation receiving faces.
  • a ray emission point disposed at one end and a scalloped shape of a ray emission point disposed at the other end when viewed in a plane intersecting the scanning channel The line connecting the intersection of the outer side of the beam to the midpoint of the radiation receiving surface of the detector module is perpendicular to the radiation receiving surface of the detector module.
  • the plurality of ray emission points of the X-ray source are arranged in a straight line or arranged in a row.
  • the plurality of detector modules are arranged to be substantially spatially spiral.
  • the plurality of ray emission points of the X-ray source are arranged in a substantially spatial spiral shape.
  • a plurality of ray emission points of the X-ray source and corresponding ray emission points and detector modules of the plurality of detector modules are arranged in the same plane, the plane and the scanning channel being substantially Vertical or the plane is inclined with respect to the scanning channel.
  • each detector module is capable of receiving a beam of radiation from at least one of a plurality of ray emission points of an X-ray source.
  • the plurality of radiation emitting points are arranged in at least one row in a direction of entering and exiting the scanning channel.
  • the plurality of detector modules are arranged in at least one row in a direction into and out of the scanning channel.
  • the CT apparatus further includes: correction means for controlling the dose of the beam of rays, the correction means being disposed between the plurality of ray emission points and the plurality of detector modules.
  • the correcting device is a tungsten-nickel-iron alloy processed grid device.
  • the distance of the correcting means from the detector receiving surface is at least 5 times the distance of the correcting means from the ray emitting point.
  • the X-ray source is a carbon nanotube X-ray source.
  • the CT device is a rackless CT device.
  • the control of the plurality of transmission points of the X-ray source is implemented by a Can bus.
  • the spacing between the transmitting points can be the same, and the transmitting point is The order of the rays can be moved along a linear sequence or along a certain curve.
  • the invention can adopt the carbon nano X-ray source, overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional frameless CT device with complicated structure and large volume by rationally arranging the X-ray source and the detector, realizes the miniaturized CT device, and reduces the occupation area. Increased the availability of CT devices. DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a CT apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a radiation source, a detector, and a correction device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a radiation source and a detector according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a radiation source and a detector according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a radiation source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a radiation source and a detector according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • a frameless CT apparatus 10 includes a scanning channel 4; a stationary X-ray source 7, the X-ray source including a plurality of ray emission points 71; and a plurality of fixed types a detector module 12, the plurality of detector modules 12 being disposed opposite the X-ray source 7, and at least some of the detector modules 12 are arranged substantially when viewed in a plane intersecting the scanning channel 4.
  • L-shaped ( Figures 2, 3, 4, 6) or ⁇ ( Figure 5). This plane can be substantially perpendicular or at an angle to the conveying direction of the scanning channel 4 or the conveying device 1.
  • the plurality of ray emission points 71 and the plurality of detector modules 12 are arranged around the scanning channel 4.
  • the CT device 10 may further comprise a detector boom 5 for fixing the detector module 12, an acquisition control unit 6, a computer reconstruction unit 8, and a delivery device 1 for transporting the object 2 to be inspected.
  • the detector boom 5 may have a shape of a substantially L shape (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 6) or a dome shape (Fig. 5).
  • the plurality of ray emission points 71 may be formed by an array of emission lattices or a plurality of columns of emission points.
  • the detector module 12 can also be arranged in other shapes, such as semi-circular, U-shaped, arc-shaped, tossed
  • the X-ray source 7 can be a carbon nanotube X-ray source.
  • At least some of the plurality of ray emission points 71 of the X-ray source 7 are arranged in a substantially L-shape (Fig. 3) or a meandering shape, or a straight line when viewed in a plane intersecting the scanning channel (Figs. 2, 4, 5, 6). ).
  • the plane may be substantially perpendicular or at an angle to the direction of transport of the scanning channel 4 or the transport device 1, and may be the same plane or a different plane than the plane described above.
  • the coverage of all the fan-shaped X-ray beams emitted by the different radiation emission points 71 of the X-ray source 7 is such that the effective scanning area 13 in the scanning channel 4 can be covered by the X-ray beam.
  • the X-ray beam of each emission point of the X-ray source is controlled by the acquisition control unit 6, and the emission time and intensity of the emission point 71 are adjustable.
  • the X-ray source 7 can also be other suitable X-ray sources as long as it has a plurality of controllable ray emission points.
  • each of the detector modules 12 has a radiation receiving surface 121, and the radiation receiving surfaces 121 of the plurality of detector modules 12 are adjacent to each other so that the radiation emitted from the plurality of radiation emitting points 71 cannot be received from the radiation. Pass between faces 121.
  • the detector modules 12 are adjacent end to end on the detector boom 5, and the detector receiving surface is uninterrupted or overlapping in the direction of the beam.
  • the plurality of detector modules 12 may constitute a face array or a line array.
  • the ray emission points 71 are arranged in a row (which may be a curved row, an L-shaped row) or in a line when viewed in a plane intersecting the scanning channel 4, and the ray emission point 9 disposed at one end is disposed at The intersection of the intersection 15 of the extension of the outer side 91, 141 of the fan beam of the other end of the ray emission spot 14 with the midpoint of the radiation receiving surface 121 of the detector module 12 is perpendicular to the radiation reception of the detector module 12. Face 121.
  • the plane may be substantially perpendicular or at an angle to the conveying direction of the scanning channel 4 or the conveying device 1.
  • the plurality of detector modules 12 may be arranged in a substantially spatial spiral shape, and the plurality of ray emission points of the X-ray source may also be arranged in a substantially spatial spiral shape.
  • the plurality of ray emission points 71 of the X-ray source and the corresponding ray emission points and detector modules of the plurality of detector modules 12 may be arranged in the same plane. This plane may be substantially perpendicular or at an angle to the conveying direction of the scanning channel 4 or the conveying device 1.
  • Each detector module 12 is capable of receiving radiation from at least one of a plurality of radiation emitting points 71 of the X-ray source 7.
  • the ray emission point is viewed in a plane intersecting the scanning channel 4.
  • the detector module 12 is arranged in a plane which can be substantially perpendicular or at an angle to the conveying direction of the conveying device 1.
  • the plurality of ray emitting points 71 are arranged in at least one row, and the plurality of detector modules 12 are arranged in at least one row.
  • the plurality of ray emission points 71 may be arranged in two or more rows, and the plurality of detector modules 12 may be arranged in two or more rows.
  • the CT apparatus further includes: a correcting means 11 for controlling the dose of the beam, the correcting means 11 being disposed at the plurality of ray emitting points 71 and the plurality of detectors Between modules 12.
  • the correction device 1 1 may be a correction grid.
  • the distance of the correction grid from the receiving surface 121 of the detector 12 is at least 5 times the distance of the correction grid from the ray emission point 71.
  • the ray emission point 71 of the X-ray source 7 may also be arranged in an L shape.
  • the X-ray energy on the receiving surface 121 of the detector 12 reaching the detection boom 5 may be from a single emission point 71 of the X-ray source 7, or may be from several of the X-ray source 7.
  • the X-ray intensity emitted by the X-ray source 7 at different emission points 71 can be programmed.
  • the number of emission points of the X-ray source 7 is related to the size of the effective scanning area 13 in the scanning channel 4.
  • the X-ray beam emitted by all of the transmission points 71 should cover the effective scanning area within the scanning channel 4.
  • the manner in which the X-ray source 7 emits radiation at each of the transmission points 71 is related to the acquisition control mode of the fixed-frame CT device, and each of the transmission points 71 is triggered to be controlled by the acquisition control unit 6 of the CT device.
  • the emission point 71 of the X-ray source 7 can sequentially emit X-rays, and the transmission point 71 emits an interval, the frequency being governed by the command of the acquisition control unit 6.
  • the emission point 71 of the X-ray source 7 can also be transmitted at intervals or can be controlled by program control.
  • the plane of the detector arm 5 or the detector module 12 and the emission point 71 of the X-ray source 7 may be perpendicular to the scanning channel, and the detector arm 5 or the detector module 12 and the emission point 71 of the X-ray source 7 may also be It may be arranged in the form of a spatial curve, such as in the form of a spatial spiral, and the detector module 12 and the X-ray source 7 are arranged around the effective scanning area 13 of the scanning channel 4.
  • the detector arm frame 5 is provided with a plurality of detector modules 12, and the detector module 12 can form an arc-shaped area around the scanning channel 4, and each detector arm frame 5 can be mounted with one or more rows of detector modules 12 for detection.
  • the number of rows of the detector modules 12 on the boom 5 is related to the scanning speed of the CT device 10. At a lower speed (the moving speed of the conveyor 1 is less than 0.25 m/s), the number of rows of the detector modules 12 can be three. Below the row, at high speed (the moving speed of the general conveying device 1 is greater than 0.3 m/s), the number of rows of the detector module 12 can be more than 5 rows or an array detector module can be used.
  • the detector arm frame 5 is equipped with a detector module 12 and a support fixed detector module 12, and the detector arm frame 5 is mounted with a seal made of a light material at a position facing the X-ray source 7, blocking dust in the scanning channel 4 and The debris enters the detector boom 5.
  • the fixed detector boom 5 can be mounted with a linear detector module 12 or an area array detector module 12', the number and distribution of the detector modules and the length of the X-ray source 7 and the distribution of the plurality of ray emission points 71.
  • the detector module and the X-ray source 7 ensure that the effective scanning area 13 in the scanning channel 4 is covered by the X-ray beam.
  • the acquisition control unit 6 is controlled by a Can bus, including control of the X-ray source 7, control of the detector module 12, and Control of computer reconstruction systems.
  • Acquisition Control Unit 6 provides support for communication protocols, control redundancy, and emergency state control.
  • the control unit in the detector module 12 distributes the start acquisition command and transmits and corrects the collected data by parsing the command of the acquisition control unit 6, and the collected data of the detector module is transmitted to the computer reconstruction unit 8.
  • the computer reconstruction unit 8 is a key device for realizing analysis, reconstruction and feature recognition of data of the rackless CT device.
  • the computer reconstruction unit 8 firstly according to the format of the data packet. Classify the data, determine the source of the data, establish a feature matrix based on the scanned baggage in the scanned area, and then solve the corresponding feature values in the feature matrix, and compare with the characteristic values of the specific substances in the database to determine whether the substance is For substances that require special attention, provide prompts for warnings.
  • the purpose of the scanning channel 4 is to provide a channel through which the scanned baggage 2 is transported and a shield wall that is independent of X-rays. Radiation-proof materials are heavy metals such as lead, steel or others. During the inspection, the checked baggage 2 is transported into the scanning channel 4 by the conveyor of the conveying device 1 at a certain speed.
  • the acquisition control unit 6 controls the emission point 71 of the X-ray source 7 to emit an electron beam, and the emission point 71 generates X-rays continuously or at intervals, and at the same time, the acquisition control unit 6 issues a command to start acquisition, and the detector module 12 The corresponding position starts to collect data, and the time point of the collected data and the position point of the detector module 12 are recorded, and the collected data is transmitted to the computer reconstruction unit 8 through a dedicated cable, and the computer reconstruction unit 8 compares at the same time.
  • the computer reconstruction unit 8 obtains the material property data of the entire baggage layer by layer, and analyzes and determines the characteristics of the tomographic data by a special identification algorithm, and compares the material property table in the existing database. A conclusion is drawn as to whether or not the scanned baggage 2 contains the specific substance of interest to the user, and is displayed by the display 81 of the computer reconstruction unit 8.
  • the tomography technique i.e., CT technique
  • the accuracy of the computer's reconstruction of the tomographic data is related to the angle of observation of the scanned baggage.
  • the invention can adopt an X-ray source based on carbon nano material, and the spacing between the emission points can be the same within a certain length range, and can be programmed by the acquisition control unit 6, and the order of emission rays of the emission point can be arranged in a straight line (such as The arrows 16 in Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5) may also be arranged along a certain curve.
  • the sequence 22 of the emission line of the emission point of the array X-ray source 7' can be a spatial spiral arrangement, which can maximize the reconstruction accuracy of the system.
  • the scanned baggage can pass through the scanning area at a certain speed, or in the scanning area. Keep it still until the scan is complete.
  • Computer systems distinguish substances by identifying the material properties of the baggage fault. There are more than one kind of properties, such as density and atomic number.
  • the CT device of the present invention can perform the calculation and analysis of the tomographic data at a relatively fast speed, and provides an effective basis for the high-speed security CT system.

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Abstract

一种固定式CT装置（10），该固定式CT装置（10）包括扫描通道（4）；围绕扫描通道（4）布置的固定式碳纳米X射线源（7），该X射线源（7）包括多个射线发射点（71）；以及围绕扫描通道（4）布置的固定式的多个探测器模块（12），所述多个探测器模块（12）与X射线源（7）相对设置，并且在与扫描通道（4）相交的平面中观看时所述多个探测器模块（12）中的至少一些探测器模块（12）布置成大致L形或Π形。通过优化的碳纳米射线源与探测器装置的设计，完成无旋转机架的CT重建，实现对待检物中的特异物质识别，适于对行李物品的安全检查。

Description

固定式 CT装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种无机架的 CT装置和控制实现方法，利用碳纳米 射线源与探测器装置的设计， 完成无旋转机架的 CT重建， 实现对被 检物中的特异物质识别， 特别适用于安检的 CT装置。 背景技术
现有的无机架 CT装置中，具有多个射线发射点的 X射线源通常 采用圆环型结构或面阵式探测器器， 体积大、 重量大， 价格高。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种 CT装置， 采用基于碳纳米的 X射线 源和线性探测器结构， 由此减小 CT装置的尺寸和成本。
根据本发明的一方面， 本发明提供了一种 CT装置， 该 CT装置 包括： 扫描通道； 围绕扫描通道布置的固定式 X射线源， 该 X射线 源包括多个射线发射点； 以及围绕扫描通道布置的固定式的多个探测 器模块， 所述多个探测器模块与 X射线源相对设置。
根据本发明的一方面， 在与扫描通道相交的平面中观看时所述 多个探测器模块中的至少一些探测器模块布置成大致 L形或 Π形。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述 X射线源的多个射线发射点中的至 少一些在与扫描通道相交的平面中观看时布置成大致 L形、 Π形或直 线形。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述平面与扫描通道大致垂直。
根据本发明的一方面， 每个探测器模块具有射线接收面， 多个 探测器模块的射线接收面首尾相邻，使从多个射线发射点发射的射线 不能从射线接收面之间通过。
根据本发明的一方面， 在与扫描通道相交的平面中观看时布置 在一个末端的射线发射点与布置在另一个末端的射线发射点的扇形 射线束的外侧边的延长线的交点与探测器模块的射线接收面的中点 的连线垂直于探测器模块的射线接收面。
根据本发明的一方面， X射线源的多个射线发射点布置成直线 形或布置成一排。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述多个探测器模块布置成大致空间螺 旋状。 根据本发明的一方面， 所述 X射线源的多个射线发射点布置成 大致空间螺旋状。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述 X射线源的多个射线发射点和所述 多个探测器模块中的对应的射线发射点和探测器模块在同一平面中 布置， 所述平面与扫描通道大致垂直或所述平面相对于扫描通道倾 斜。
根据本发明的一方面， 每个探测器模块能够接收来自 X射线源 的多个射线发射点中的至少一个的射线束。
根据本发明的一方面， 在进出扫描通道的方向上所述多个射线 发射点布置成至少一排。
根据本发明的一方面， 在进出扫描通道的方向上所述多个探测 器模块布置成至少一排。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述 CT装置还包括： 对射线束的剂量进 行控制的校正装置，该校正装置设置在所述多个射线发射点与所述多 个探测器模块之间。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述校正装置是钨镍铁合金加工的栅格 装置。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述校正装置距离探测器接收面的距离 是校正装置距离射线发射点的距离的至少 5倍。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述 X射线源是碳纳米管 X射线源。 根据本发明的一方面， 所述 CT装置是无机架 CT装置。
根据本发明的一方面， 对 X射线源多个发射点的控制由 Can总 线实现。在一定长度范围内， 发射点之间的间距可以相同， 发射点发 射射线的顺序可以沿直线序列运动， 也可以是沿某种曲线运动。
本发明可以采用碳纳米 X射线源， 通过对 X射线源和探测器的 合理布局， 克服了传统无机架 CT装置结构复杂， 体积庞大的缺点， 实现了小型化 CT装置， 减少了占地面积，提高了 CT装置的可用性。 附图说明
图 1是根据本发明的实施例的 CT装置的示意图；
图 2是根据本发明的实施例的射线源、探测器以及校正装置的布 置示意图；
图 3是根据本发明的实施例的射线源和探测器的布置示意图； 图 4是根据本发明的实施例的射线源和探测器的布置示意图； 图 5是根据本发明的实施例的射线源和探测器的布置示意图； 图 6是根据本发明的实施例的射线源和探测器的布置示意图； 具体实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本发明做进一歩说明。
如图 1至 6所示， 根据本发明实施例的无机架 CT装置 10包括 扫描通道 4;固定式 X射线源 7，该 X射线源包括多个射线发射点 71 ; 以及固定式的多个探测器模块 12， 所述多个探测器模块 12与 X射线 源 7相对布置，并且在与扫描通道 4相交的平面中观看时所述探测器 模块 12中的至少一些探测器模块 12布置成大致 L形 （图 2、 3、 4、 6 ) 或 Π形 （图 5)。 该平面可以与扫描通道 4或输送装置 1的输送方 向大致垂直或成一定角度。 所述多个射线发射点 71和所述多个探测 器模块 12围绕扫描通道 4布置。 CT装置 10还可以包括用于固定探 测器模块 12的探测器臂架 5、 采集控制单元 6、 计算机重建单元 8、 用于输送被检查物体 2的输送装置 1。 其中， 探测器臂架 5可以具有 大致 L形 （图 2、 3、 4、 6 ) 或 Π形 （图 5 ) 的形状。 多个射线发射点 71 可以由一列发射点阵或多列发射点形成阵列。 作为选择， 探测器 模块 12也可以布置成其它的形状， 例如半圆形， U形， 圆弧形、 抛 X射线源 7可以是碳纳米管 X射线源。 X射线源 7的多个射线 发射点 71中的至少一些在与扫描通道相交的平面中观看时布置成大 致 L形 （图 3 ) 或 Π形、 或直线形 （图 2、 4、 5、 6)。 该平面可以与 扫描通道 4或输送装置 1的输送方向大致垂直或成一定角度，并且可 以与上述平面是同一平面或不同平面。如图 2所示， 所述 X射线源 7 的不同射线发射点 71所发射的所有扇形 X射线束的覆盖范围满足扫 描通道 4中的有效扫描区域 13都能够被 X射线束所覆盖。 X射线源 的每个发射点的 X射线出束受采集控制单元 6控制， 发射点 71的发 射时间和强度可调。 此外， X射线源 7也可以是其它合适的 X射线 源， 只要具备多个可控制的射线发射点即可。
如图 2至 5所示， 每个探测器模块 12具有射线接收面 121， 多 个探测器模块 12的射线接收面 121首尾相邻， 使从多个射线发射点 71发射的射线不能从射线接收面 121之间通过。 探测器模块 12在探 测器臂架 5 上首尾相邻， 探测器接收面在射线束方向上无中断或重 叠。 多个探测器模块 12可以构成面阵列或线阵列。
如图 2所示， 在与扫描通道 4相交的平面中观看时射线发射点 71排列成一排（可以是曲线排， L形排）或成一直线， 布置在一个末 端的射线发射点 9与布置在另一个末端的射线发射点 14的扇形射线 束的外侧边 91， 141的延长线的交点 15与探测器模块 12的射线接收 面 121的中点的连线垂直于探测器模块 12的射线接收面 121。 该平 面可以与扫描通道 4或输送装置 1 的输送方向大致垂直或成一定角 度。
多个探测器模块 12可以布置成大致空间螺旋状， X射线源的多 个射线发射点也可以布置成大致空间螺旋状。 X射线源的多个射线发 射点 71和多个探测器模块 12中的对应的射线发射点和探测器模块可 以在同一平面中布置。该平面可以与扫描通道 4或输送装置 1的输送 方向大致垂直或成一定角度。
每个探测器模块 12能够接收来自 X射线源 7的多个射线发射点 71中的至少一个的射线。
如图 2-6所示，在与扫描通道 4相交的平面中观看时射线发射点 71和探测器模块 12布置成一平面， 该平面可以与输送装置 1的输送 方向大致垂直或成一定角度。在输送装置的输送方向上， 所述多个射 线发射点 71排列成至少一排， 多个探测器模块 12布置成至少一排。 如图 6所示， 所述多个射线发射点 71可以排列成两排或更多排， 多 个探测器模块 12可以布置成两排或更多排。
如图 2所示， 根据本发明的所述 CT装置还包括： 对射线束的剂 量进行控制的校正装置 11， 该校正装置 11设置在所述多个射线发射 点 71与所述多个探测器模块 12之间。 所述校正装置 1 1可以是校正 栅格。 所述校正栅格距离探测器 12的接收面 121的距离是校正栅格 距离射线发射点 71的距离的至少 5倍。
如图 3所示， 对探测器臂架 5为 L形结构， 或探测器模块 12排 列成 L形的固定机架 CT装置中， X射线源 7的射线发射点 71也可 以是 L形布置。
在一定时间段内， 到达探测臂架 5上的探测器 12的接收面 121 上的 X射线能量， 可来自于 X射线源 7的单一发射点 71， 也可来自 于 X射线源 7的几个发射点 71的射线组合。 X射线源 7不同发射点 71发射的 X射线强度可程序控制。 X射线源 7的发射点数量与扫描 通道 4内的有效扫描区域 13大小相关。 所有发射点 71所发射的 X 射线束应该覆盖所述的扫描通道 4内的有效扫描区域。
X射线源 7每个发射点 71发射射线的方式与固定机架 CT装置 的采集控制方式相关， 每个发射点 71是否触发受 CT装置的采集控 制单元 6控制。 在采集控制单元 6的指示下， X射线源 7的发射点 71可顺序发射 X射线， 发射点 71发射间隔、 频率受采集控制单元 6 的命令支配。 X射线源 7的发射点 71也可间隔发射， 也可受程序控 制发射。
探测器臂架 5或测器模块 12和 X射线发射源 7的发射点 71所 在的平面可垂直于扫描通道， 探测器臂架 5或测器模块 12和 X射线 发射源 7的发射点 71也可以布置成空间曲线形式， 如空间螺旋线的 形式， 且探测器模块 12和 X射线源 7围绕扫描通道 4的有效扫描区 域 13布置。 探测器臂架 5装有多个探测器模块 12，探测器模块 12可围绕扫 描通道 4形成一个弧形的区域，每个探测器臂架 5可以安装一排或多 排探测器模块 12， 探测器臂架 5上探测器模块 12的排数与 CT装置 10 的扫描速度相关， 较低速度 （一般输送装置 1 的移动速度小于 0.25m/s) 时， 探测器模块 12的排数可以为 3排以下， 高速时 （一般 输送装置 1的移动速度大于 0.3m/s) ， 探测器模块 12的排数可以在 5排以上或者采用面阵式探测器模块。
探测器臂架 5装有探测器模块 12以及支撑固定探测器模块 12， 探测器臂架 5面对 X射线源 7的位置安装有由轻型材料构成的密封 件， 阻挡扫描通道 4内的灰尘及杂物进入探测器臂架 5。
固定式探测器臂架 5上可安装有线性探测器模块 12或面阵式探 测器模块 12'， 探测器模块的数量和分布方式与 X射线源 7的长度以 及多个射线发射点 71分布方位相关， 探测器模块与 X射线源 7可保 证扫描通道 4内的有效扫描区域 13均被 X射线束所覆盖。
在具有多个射线发射点 71的 X射线源 7的固定机架 CT装置 10 中， 采集控制单元 6通过 Can总线进行控制， 包括对 X射线源 7的 控制、 对探测器模块 12的控制以及对计算机重建系统的控制。 采集 控制单元 6提供通讯协议、控制冗余以及紧急状态控制的支持。探测 器模块 12内的控制单元通过解析采集控制单元 6的命令， 发布开始 采集命令以及对采集数据进行传输和纠错，探测器模块采集后的数据 传输到计算机重建单元 8中。
计算机重建单元 8是实现无机架 CT装置的数据的解析、重构以 及特征识别的关键器件， 当采集到的数据被传输到计算机重建单元 8 中时， 计算机重建单元 8首先根据数据包的格式对数据进行分类， 确 定数据的来源， 建立基于扫描区域内被扫描行李的特征矩阵， 然后求 解特征矩阵中对应的特征值，通过与数据库中特异物质的特征值进行 比对， 得出该物质是否为所要特别关注的物质， 进而提供是否进行报 警的提示。
扫描通道 4的作用是提供被扫描行李 2输送行进的通道和无关 X 射线的屏蔽墙。 防辐射的材料为重金属， 如铅、 钢材或其他。 检查过程中， 被检查行李 2以一定的速度由输送装置 1 的传送 带运入扫描通道 4内， 当被检查行李 2触发光电传感器 3时， X射线 源 7进入出束准备状态， 当行李 2进入扫描有效区域 13内时， 采集 控制单元 6操控 X射线源 7的发射点 71发射电子束， 发射点 71连 续或间隔产生 X射线， 同时， 采集控制单元 6发布开始采集的命令， 探测器模块 12的对应位置开始采集数据， 同时记录所采集数据的时 间点和探测器模块 12的位置点， 采集到的数据通过专用线缆传输到 计算机重建单元 8中，由计算机重建单元 8通过对比在同一时刻内的 控制发射点指令信息和采集到的数据信息， 对 X射线的能量值进行 校正， 然后对相应位置处的数据进行重建， 建立基于被扫描行李 2的 物质特性的矩阵， 通过计算机重建单元 8的逆向求解， 得出对应位置 处被扫描行李 2的物质的一种或多种物质特性，建立起一个断层位置 内的物质特性数据。 随着行李 2以一定的速度移动， 计算机重建单元 8会逐层得到整个行李的物质特性数据， 通过专用的识别算法对断层 数据特性进行集中分析和判定， 对比现有数据库中的物质特性表， 得 出被扫描行李 2中是否包含用户所关心的特异物质的结论，由计算机 重建单元 8的显示器 81进行显示。
在本发明中， 利用 X射线源 7的发射点 71的位置的变换， 通过 变换发射点和扫描采集区域， 得到不同时刻内的 X射线束 19和 20 并采集数据， 进而可以有效利用传统的计算机断层扫描技术 （即 CT 技术） ， 在不旋转物体或者不旋转探测器臂架 5与 X射线源 7的情 况下， 实现对被扫描行李的断层扫描。
在计算机重建的过程中， 计算机对断层数据重建的精度与对被 扫描行李观察的角度相关。 本发明可以采用基于碳纳米材料的 X射 线源， 在一定长度范围内， 发射点之间的间距可以相同， 可通过采集 控制单元 6 进行程序控制， 发射点发射射线的顺序可以沿直线排列 (如图 2、 3、 4、 5中的箭头 16所示） ， 也可以是沿某种曲线排列。 对面阵式 X射线源 7'的发射点发射射线的顺序的曲线 22可以是空间 螺旋式的排布方式， 能够最大程度地提高系统的重建精度。
被扫描行李可以以一定的速度通过扫描区域， 也可在扫描区域 内保持静止， 直至扫描完成。计算机系统通过识别行李断层的物质特 性来区分物质。 物质的特性可不止一种， 如密度和原子序数。
本发明的 CT 装置可以以较快的速度完成断层数据的计算和分 析， 为高速的安检 CT系统提供了有效的基础。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1 . 一种固定式 CT装置， 包括：
扫描通道；
围绕扫描通道布置的固定式 X射线源， 该 X射线源包括多个射 线发射点； 以及
围绕扫描通道布置的固定式的多个探测器模块， 所述多个探测 器模块与 X射线源相对设置。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
所述 X射线源的多个射线发射点中的至少一些在与扫描通道相 交的平面中观看时布置成大致 L形、 Π形或直线形。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
每个探测器模块具有射线接收面， 多个探测器模块的射线接收 面首尾相邻，使从多个射线发射点发射的射线不能从射线接收面之间 通过。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
在与扫描通道相交的平面中观看时所述多个探测器模块中的至 少一些探测器模块布置成大致 L形或 Π形。
5. 根据权利要求 2或 4所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
所述平面与扫描通道大致垂直或所述平面相对于扫描通道倾 斜。
6. 根据权利要求 4所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
X射线源的多个射线发射点布置成直线形。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中 所述多个探测器模块布置成大致空间螺旋状。
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
所述 X射线源的多个射线发射点布置成大致空间螺旋状。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
所述 X射线源的多个射线发射点和所述多个探测器模块中的、 对应的射线发射点和探测器模块在同一平面中布置，所述平面与扫描 通道大致垂直或所述平面相对于扫描通道倾斜。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
每个探测器模块能够接收来自 X射线源的多个射线发射点中的 至少一个的射线束。
11. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
在进出扫描通道的方向上所述多个射线发射点布置成至少一 排。
12. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
在进出扫描通道的方向上所述多个探测器模块布置成至少一 排。
13. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置， 还包括： 对射线束的剂量进行控制的校正装置， 该校正装置设置在所述 多个射线发射点与所述多个探测器模块之间。
14. 根据权利要求 13所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
所述校正装置是钨镍铁合金加工的栅格装置。
15. 根据权利要求 14所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
所述校正装置距离探测器模块接收面的距离是校正装置距离射 线发射点的距离的至少 5倍。
16. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置， 其中
所述 X射线源是碳纳米管 X射线源。
17. 根据权利要求 1所述的固定式 CT装置，对 X射线源多个发 射点的控制由 Can总线实现。在一定长度范围内，发射点之间的间距 可以相同， 发射点发射射线的顺序可以沿直线序列运动， 也可以是沿 某种曲线运动。
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