WO2014094361A1 - 核生化防爆球 - Google Patents
核生化防爆球 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014094361A1 WO2014094361A1 PCT/CN2013/001591 CN2013001591W WO2014094361A1 WO 2014094361 A1 WO2014094361 A1 WO 2014094361A1 CN 2013001591 W CN2013001591 W CN 2013001591W WO 2014094361 A1 WO2014094361 A1 WO 2014094361A1
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- Prior art keywords
- explosion
- spherical
- proof
- spherical tank
- nuclear
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
- F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a conventional agent 3 ⁇ 4 radiation, biochemical dangerous goods, flammable, explosive and explosive safety protection and storage equipment, which can be used in national defense, scientific research, justice, hospital, school, theater, theater, public transportation, Security protection in the fields of cultural and sports venues, large gatherings, etc. Background technique
- Patent No. 94247876.2 which discloses a weak explosion-proof explosion-proof tank
- a utility model patent with patent number 03236645.0 publicly discloses a weak explosion-proof explosion-proof tank
- patent number of patent number 201010271870.4 the application discloses a safety Explosion-proof tank
- Patent No. 201 110254854.9 the application discloses an explosion-proof ball.
- the current products have the defects of complicated operation, long service time and poor explosion-proof performance.
- some explosion-proof products adopt open-end or high-pressure lid-type bayonet design, which is lighter and more flexible to operate.
- the strength is insufficient and cannot be sealed, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the explosion is faced. , explosion-proof performance cannot be guaranteed.
- Simple explosion-proof equipment can't meet the needs, and a new type of equipment that can effectively prevent radiation, biochemical dangerous goods and flammable explosives at the same time is needed.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a simple operation, light and flexible, capable of sealing and locking, meeting the requirements of explosion-proof, and also being capable of radiation and biochemical risks.
- the threat of products and flammable materials provides effective protection against equipment.
- a single-large-sized thread structure spherical tank body is used.
- the threaded structure has high joint strength, can be effectively locked and has good sealing performance.
- Specially designed for one-way forces, it is effective against explosive debris and shock waves, and provides effective protection against radiation, biochemical hazards and flammable objects.
- the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to prevent the harmful rays in the outer layer of the inner liner (4) of the nuclear biochemical explosion-proof ball and the inner layer of the spherical can lid (3). Escape.
- Figure 1 is a front view of the nuclear biochemical explosion-proof ball
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the screw seal lock detailed description
- Nuclear and biochemical explosion-proof ball consisting of spherical tank body (1), ball mouth (2), ball cap (3), inner tank (4), radiation protection layer (5), sealing groove (6), spherical tank cover handle (7), external thread (8), internal thread (9), pressure relief valve (10), spherical tube leg (11), running wheel (12), etc. (see Figure 1).
- the material selection and manufacturing process of the nuclear biochemical explosion-proof ball tank (1), the spherical tank mouth (2), and the spherical tank cover (3) are essential for the protection effect.
- the spherical tank body (1) and the spherical tank cover (3) shall be made of steel or other imperfections - materials with good explosion-proof properties.
- they may be welded or cast.
- the main difference is the performance and cost considerations.
- the processing method gives priority to casting, the application of high-strength alloy materials, especially the non-tempering material, which can effectively reduce the weight, improve the performance and ensure the yield. Alloy welding is a good choice where both quantity and performance are extremely demanding.
- the spherical tank body (1), the ball sill cover (3) and other components are inspected by magnetic powder, X-ray, ultra-lubo detection, etc., and then finished by a CNC machine tool, and then subjected to an overpressure test. Performance can be guaranteed.
- the spherical can body (1) and the spherical can cover (3) form a single oversized thread structure, which is sealed and locked by the external thread (8) and the internal thread (9).
- trapezoidal threads can be used, and serrated threads are preferred (see Figure 1, Figure 2).
- For the convenience of operation reduce the number of rotations when the thread is locked, and improve the thread pitch as much as possible within the design allowable range with good self-locking performance.
- machining accuracy is a problem that requires special attention. For this reason, high-precision CNC machine tools are required to control the machining accuracy of very large threads, and each process must be tested (see Figure 2).
- the seal groove (6) is located above the external thread (8) of the spherical can lid (3).
- O-rings, hollow metal O-rings, etc. can be used.
- the sealing groove is located on the side of the spherical can cover (3) and the sealing surface is designed as a bevel (see Fig. 1), which reduces the sealing of the seal within the unit height when the thread is rotated. Distance to provide greater torque.
- the liner (4) is a corrosion-resistant material for radiators, biochemical hazards and flammable materials. It can be made of stainless steel or rubber.
- the radiation-proof lead layer can effectively prevent the escape of radioactive gases and harmful rays. You can choose to use lead cloth, lead glue or other means, or use the radioactive material detector on the nuclear and biochemical explosion-proof ball, or the radioactive over-standard alarm.
- the inner liner (4) has been destroyed after an explosion in the nuclear biochemical explosion-proof ball.
- the liner (4) needs to be replaced for reuse (see Figure 1, Figure 2).
- the nuclear biochemical explosion-proof ball is designed to be reusable, but in the actual use environment, it is impossible to ensure that the explosion equivalent is within the safe range. Therefore, after the explosion occurs in the nuclear biochemical explosion-proof sphere, for the spherical tank body (1), the spherical tank mouth (2 ), the integrity and deformation of the spherical can lid (3) and the external thread (8) and the internal thread (9) should be professionally tested to ensure safety.
- An ultra-high pressure needle valve (see Figure) is installed on the spherical tank cover (3).
- the explosion occurs in the nuclear biochemical explosion-proof ball, it must be determined that the explosive product is safe and harmless, and the explosive gas is detected to determine the treatment location and place. , methods and special equipment facilities required for decontamination and pressure release.
- the handling of nuclear and biochemical materials and their pollutants requires special equipment and professionals. It is a highly dangerous and professional operation. Once the nuclear and biochemical substances exceeding the standard are detected in the nuclear biochemical explosion-proof sphere, they should be reported to the public security organ immediately. Notify the relevant professional institutions of the country to deal with.
- the handle of the spherical can lid (3) (7) to loosen and release the external thread (8) and the internal thread (9). Remove the can lid (3).
- the can lid (3) Put it into the tank mouth (2), rotate it in the opposite direction and tighten it so that the external thread (8) and the internal thread (9) are tightly pressed into place.
- the sealing surface is also tightly pressed to block the internal and external gas exchange and achieve a high degree of sealing ( See Figure 2).
- a pivoting device can be used between the spherical tank body (1) and the spherical can lid (3) to facilitate the switch cover.
- the spherical can lid (3) becomes heavy and such a device is necessary.
- the pivot device has many common and mature methods to solve the above problems.
- a running wheel (12) is mounted under the spherical tank body (1).
- the running wheel (12) is a universal wheel, which is easier to control and has a brake fixing device (see Figure 1, Figure 2).
- the present invention is a nuclear biochemical explosion-proof ball which is simple and effective in structure, light and flexible, and easy to arrange, operate and move.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
公开了一种核生化防爆球,由球罐体(1)、球罐口(2)、球罐盖(3)、内胆(4)、防辐射层(5)、密封槽(6)、球罐盖手柄(7)、外螺纹(8)、内螺纹(9)、泄压阀(10)、球罐支腿(11)、走行轮(12)组成,其中,球罐口(2)与球罐盖(3)构成单体超大螺纹结构。通过使用单体超大螺纹结构球罐体,实现了高强度的密封与锁定,从而实现了全方位防护功能。还公开了一种用于该核生化防爆球的防辐射方法。
Description
专利说明书
核生化防爆球 技术领域
本发明涉及一种常规剂¾射线辐射、生物化学危险品、易燃易爆及爆炸物的安全防护及 存储设备, 可用于国防、 科研、 司法、 医院、 学校、 影院、 剧场、 公共交通站点、 文体场馆、 大型集会等领域的安全防护。 背景技术
目前, 公共安全面临日益严峻的形势, 包括危险品携带及更极端的纵火、投毒、爆炸等 安全事故屡有发生, 如何在发现危险品后进行更有效防护及存放是安防领域面临的技术难 题。
专利号为 94247876.2的实用新型专利, 公开了一种弱爆防爆罐; 专利号为 03236645.0 的实用新型专利, 公幵了一种弱爆防爆罐; 专利号为 201010271870.4的发明专利, 申请公 开一种安全防爆罐; 专利号为 201 110254854.9的发明专利, 申请公开一种防爆球。
已经公开和使用的防爆罐或者防爆球,最大的问题在于无法防止生物化学危险品扩散及 核辐射的泄露, 原因主要在于不能做到爆炸气体密封安全。从危险程度和伤害后果来看, 生 物化学危险品和核辐射的扩散传播甚至重要场所或者人群密集区域的失火比单纯的爆炸更 具严重性。
同时, 目前产品还有操作复杂, 用时较长, 防爆性能不佳等缺陷。就操作简单来说, 有 些防爆产品采用敞口式或者高压锅盖式的卡口设计, 比较轻便, 操作也比较灵活, 但是因其 结构缺陷, 强度不足且无法密封, 面对爆炸产生的高温高压气体, 防爆性能无法保障。
单纯的防爆器材无法满足需要,需要一种能够同时有效防范射线辐射、生物化学危险品 及易燃爆炸物品的新型设备。
目前在功能上可以部分满足以上要求的,是个别国家比较先进的车载大型防爆罐。使用 车载式大型防爆罐, 需要设计坚固复杂的防爆和密封结构, 整体变得非常沉重, 设备不便移 动和操作, 需要通过车辆提供牵引力及开启和密封所需要的动力和强大压紧力。但是, 外形 庞大, 成本高企, 价格昂贵并不是此类产品的最大缺陷, 问题在于真正需要的场合, 这样的 车载设备根本就进不去, 或者不适合存在。
因此, 需要一种操作简单、轻便灵活同时能够有效防范射线辐射、生物化学危险品及易 燃爆炸物品的新型设备。 发明内容
为克服现有防爆罐、防爆球所存在的技术缺陷,本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种操 作简单、 轻便灵活, 能够密封锁定, 满足防爆需求的同时, 也能对辐射、 生物化学危险品及 易燃物品的威胁提供有效防护的设备。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明采用的技术方案为: 使用单体超大螺纹结构球罐体。螺紋 结构联接强度大, 能有效锁定并有良好的密封性能。针对单向受力做出特殊设计后, 可有效 抵御爆炸碎片和冲击波,并且能够对辐射、生物化学危险品及易燃物品的威胁提供有效防护。
为解决放射性物质的辐射屏蔽问题, 本发明采用的技术方案是在核生化防爆球的内胆 (4) 的外层及球罐盖 (3) 内层装置防辐射铅层, 可有效防止有害射线逸出。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的说明
图 1是核生化防爆球正面图
图 2是螺纹密封锁定示意图
具体实施方式
核生化防爆球, 由球罐体 (1)、 球 ϋ口 (2)、 球鹋盖 (3)、 内胆 (4)、 防辐射层 (5)、 密封槽 (6)、 球罐盖手柄 (7)、 外螺纹 (8)、 内螺纹 (9)、 泄压阀 (10)、 球罐支腿 (11)、 走行轮 (12) 等组成 (见图 1)。
核生化防爆球球罐体 (1)、 球罐口 (2)、 球罐盖 (3) 的材料选用和制作工艺对于防护 效果至关重要。 根据不同用途的设计标准, 球罐体(1)和球罐盖(3)应以钢材或者其他 Α- 有良好防爆性能的材质制作, 针对不同材料可以用焊接, 也可以铸造。主耍的区别在于性能 和成本的考虑。加工方法优先考虑铸造,高强度合金材料的应用,尤其是免调质材料的使 ffl, 可以有效减轻重, 提高性能, 保证成品率。 在 量和性能都耍求极端严格的场合, 使用合金 焊接是一个不错的选择。 加工成形后, 球罐体(1)、 球鲻盖 (3)及其他组件用磁粉、 X光、 超卢波探测等方法检验合格后,经数控机床精加工,然后进行超压试验,由此可以保证性能。
球罐体(1)与球罐盖(3)形成一种单体超大螺纹结构, 通过外螺纹(8)和内螺纹(9) 实现密封和锁定。基于核生化防爆球的单向受力特性, 可以使用梯形螺纹, 优先选择使用锯 齿形螺紋(见图 1, 图 2)。 为了操作方便, 减少螺紋锁定时的旋转圈数, 在设计允许的范围 内, 具有良好自锁性能的情况下, 尽量提髙螺纹螺距。 为了保证性能, 达到设计要求, 加工 精度是一个需要特别重视的问题。为此, 需要使用高精度的数控机床,控制超大型螺纹的加 工精度, 并且要做好每一道工序的检测 (见图 2)。 密封槽 (6) 位于球罐盖 (3) 上外螺纹 (8)的上方, 根据规格和当时不同, 可以使用 O形橡胶圈、 空心金属 0形圈等密封圈。 为 了克服螺纹预紧力不足造成的密封面预紧力不足问题, 密封槽位于球罐盖 (3)侧面并且密 封面设计成斜面 (见图 1), 减少螺纹旋转时单位高度内的密封因接触距离, 以提供更大力 矩。
内胆 (4) 为耐腐蚀材料, 用于盛放辐射物、 生物化学危险品及易燃物品, 可用不锈钢 或者橡胶材料制作。 在核生化防爆球内胆 (4) 的外层及球罐盖 (3) 内层装置防辐射铅层, 可有效防止放射性气体与有害射线逸出。可以选择使用铅布、铅胶或者其他方式, 配合使用 或者在核生化防爆球上安装放射性物质检测仪, 或者放射性超标报警器。大多数情况下, 核 生化防爆球内发生爆炸后, 内胆 (4) 己经被破坏。 需要更换内胆 (4), 以便重复使用 (见 图 1, 图 2)。
核生化防爆球设计为可以重复使用,但是在实际使用环境中无法确保爆炸当量在安全范 围以内, 因此,爆炸在核生化防爆球体内发生后,对于球罐体(1)、球罐口(2)、球罐盖(3) 及外螺紋 (8) 与内螺紋 (9) 的完好程度和变形量要进行专业检测, 以保证安全。
球罐盖(3)上安装有超高压针阀 (见图〗), 当爆炸在核生化防爆球内发生后, 必须确 定爆炸产物安全无害, 进行爆炸气体检测, 以便确定处理的地点、场所、 方式和需要的专用 设备设施进行无害化处理和压力释放。核生化材料及其污染物的处理需要专用设备和专业人 员,是一个高度危险并且专业化的操作,一旦在核生化防爆球体内检测到超标的核生化物质, 应该立即上报公安机关, 由公安机关通知国家有关专业机构来处理。
转动球罐盖(3)手柄(7), 使外螺纹(8)与内螺纹(9)松开并脱离, 移开球罐盖(3) 放入危险物品后, 将球罐盖(3)放入球罐口 (2), 反方向旋转并拧紧, 使外螺纹(8)与内 螺纹 (9) 紧密结合到位, 此时密封面也紧密挤压, 阻断内外气体交流, 实现高度密封 (见 图 2)。 为方便操作, 球罐体 (1) 与球罐盖 (3) 之间可以采用枢轴装置, 方便开关盖。 在 大当量设计时, 球罐盖 (3) 变得沉重, 这种装置是必须的。 有机械设计中, 枢轴装置有许 多通用而且成熟的作法可以很好地解决上述问题。
为便于移动, 球罐体(1)下面安装有走行轮(12), 走行轮(12) 为万向车轮, 更易于 方向控制, 同时有刹车固定装置(见图 1, 图 2)。 从上述实施方案可以知道, 本发明是一种 结构简单有效, 轻巧灵活, 便于布置、 操作和移动的核生化防爆球。
Claims
1. 一种核生化防爆球, 由球罐体 (1)、 球罐口 (2)、 球雄盖 (3)、 内胆 (4)、 防辐射 层 (5)、 密封槽 (6)、 球罐盖手柄 (7)、 外螺纹 (8)、 内螺纹 (9)、 泄压阀 (10)、 球 ϋ支 腿 (11)、 走行轮 (12) 组成, 其特征在于: 球罐口 (2) 与球罐盖 (3) 构成单体超大螺纹 结构;
2. 按照权利耍求 1所述的一种核生化防爆球, 其特征在于: 球罐体(1)与球罐盖(3) 通过外螺纹 (8)、 内螺纹 (9) 实现密封; 球罐体 (1) 与球罐盖 (3) 通过外螺纹 (8)、 内 螺纹 (9) 实现锁定;
3. 一种用于权利要求 1所述的一种核生化防爆球的防辐射方法, 其特征在于: 在所述 的核生化防爆球内胆 (4) 的外层及球罐盖 (3) 内层覆盖防辐射铅层。
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2013
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