WO2014094334A1 - 一种基于AgInSbTe硫系化合物的忆阻器及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于AgInSbTe硫系化合物的忆阻器及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/20—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors
- H10N70/231—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors based on solid-state phase change, e.g. between amorphous and crystalline phases, Ovshinsky effect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/801—Constructional details of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/881—Switching materials
- H10N70/882—Compounds of sulfur, selenium or tellurium, e.g. chalcogenides
- H10N70/8828—Tellurides, e.g. GeSbTe
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/801—Constructional details of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/821—Device geometry
- H10N70/826—Device geometry adapted for essentially vertical current flow, e.g. sandwich or pillar type devices
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of microelectronic materials and devices, and more particularly to a memristor based on an AglnSbTe sulfur compound and a preparation method thereof.
- the circuit characteristics of the memristor enable it to achieve the fusion of storage and operation, thus breaking through the traditional von Neumann structural bottleneck and constructing a new computer structure; its nonlinear resistive behavior makes it in multi-value storage, Potential applications in oscillators, chaotic circuits, and signal processing; and because their charge-memory properties are very similar to those of biological neuron synapses, memristors are also thought to mimic neurons, achieve cognitive storage, and A great device for artificial intelligence.
- CN102738387A discloses a memristor based on TiOx structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method of surface thermal oxidation after primary sputtering of a Ti layer replaces the original two-layer structure ALD process, thereby reducing the preparation cost;
- CN101864592A discloses A memristor based on a ferroelectric metal heterojunction and a preparation method thereof, wherein a micro memristor unit is constructed in this manner by sandwiching a memristor ferroelectric potassium niobate film between two metal electrode films.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a memristor based on AglnSbTe sulfur compound and a preparation method thereof, which are selected by a functional material of a memristor and a preparation process thereof.
- the multi-stage is continuously adjustable, and no phase change occurs during the implementation, which is significantly different from the phase change memory in the prior art.
- a mesorereceptor based on an AglnSbTe chalcogenide compound comprising an upper electrode layer, a lower electrode layer and a functional material layer between the upper and lower electrode layers, wherein:
- the functional material layer is made of an AglnSbTe chalcogenide alloy compound.
- the AglnSbTe sulfur-based alloy compound is any one or a combination of alloy compounds having the following molecular formula: Ag 5 In 5 Sb 6 . Te 3 . , Ag 5 . 5 In 6. 5 Sb 59 Te 29 , Ag 7 In 3 Sb 60 Te 30 , Ag 3 In 4 Sb 76 Te 17 , Ag 12 . 4 In 3 . 8 Sb 55 . 2 Te 28 . 6 , Ag 3 . 4 In 3 . 7 Sb 76 . 4 Te 16 . 5 , AgSbTe 2 and AgInTe.
- the AgnSbTe sulfur-based alloy compound is used to form the functional material layer of the memristor, a large number of intrinsic defects of the sulfur-based alloy compound itself can be fully utilized, thereby facilitating the generation of mechanisms such as space charge limiting current. It also facilitates the migration of conductive Ag ions; in addition, by studying the molecular structure of the sulfur-based alloy compound, tests have shown that the sulfur-based compound having the above molecular formula has excellent memristive properties and can achieve precise and controllable resistance gradient Performance is therefore especially suitable for the manufacturing use of memristors. Further preferably, the functional material layer has a thickness of 5 nm to 600 calendars.
- the thickness of the memristor functional material By limiting the thickness of the memristor functional material to the above nanometer scale, on the one hand, it is based on deposition processing and manufacturing cost considerations. On the other hand, more comparative tests show that the above thickness range can facilitate the realization of the memory Precise control of the memristive characteristics of the resistor.
- the upper and lower electrode layers are made of one of Ag, Cu, Al, Pt, Ta, Au, Ti, Ti 3 W 7 , W, Cr, ITO, TiN, TaN, IZO or A variety of compositions, and a thickness of 10 nm to 800 nm.
- the thickness of the electrode layer is too thin, the processing difficulty of the film deposition is increased, and the electrical transport of the device is not favorable.
- the electrode layer is too thick, the device structure is inconvenient. Therefore, when the AglnSbTe sulfur-based alloy compound is used as a functional material layer in combination with the electrode layer of the above material, it is necessary to appropriately select the thickness thereof, which is convenient for ensuring the overall performance of the memristor device and facilitating the manufacture in mass production. machining.
- the memristor further has a substrate, and the upper electrode layer, the functional material layer and the lower electrode layer collectively constitute a sandwich structure and are disposed over the substrate.
- a cross-shaped structure is formed between the upper electrode layer, the functional material layer, and the lower electrode layer.
- step (b) depositing a functional material composed of an AglnSbTe chalcogenide alloy on the lower electrode layer formed by the step (a), and forming a functional material layer of the functional material as a storage medium by a lift-off process;
- the thin film deposition method includes a magnetron sputtering method, a chemical vapor deposition method, an electron beam evaporation method, an atomic layer deposition method, or a laser assisted deposition method.
- the upper electrode layer, the functional material layer, and the lower electrode layer are formed as a cross structure perpendicular to each other.
- the memristor according to the present invention and its preparation method have the following technical advantages as compared with the prior art:
- the AglnSbTe sulfur-based alloy compound having a specific molecular structure is used to constitute a functional material layer of the memristor, a large number of intrinsic defects of the sulfur-based alloy compound itself can be fully utilized, and the memristor device obtained is not only provided Excellent memristive characteristics, and can realize multi-level continuous adjustment of resistance under the action of electric pulse;
- the functional material used in the memristor according to the present invention is a homogenous material, so that surface thermal oxidation, annealing, and the like are no longer required in the preparation process, and the operating voltage can be obtained in a low-cost, easy-to-maneuver manner. Low and compatible memristor device;
- the memristor fabrication method according to the present invention can obtain memristive characteristics without performing large electrical operations, thereby reducing the difficulty of production process control, and is particularly suitable for large-scale industrial mass production applications.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a memristor based on an AglnSbTe chalcogenide alloy compound according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a current-voltage characteristic curve obtained by performing a test on a memristor device manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing changes in resistance of a memristor device produced according to an embodiment of the present invention under positive pulses of different amplitudes;
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in resistance of a memristor device produced according to an embodiment of the present invention under a forward pulse of different pulse widths;
- Figure 5 is a negative pulse of a memristor device produced at different amplitudes in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Resistance change diagram under action;
- Figure 6 is a graph showing the change in resistance of a memristor device fabricated in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention under negative pulse widths of different pulse widths.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a memristor based on an AglnSbTe chalcogenide alloy compound according to the present invention.
- a memristor constructed in accordance with the present invention mainly includes a substrate 100, a lower electrode layer 101, a functional material layer 102, and an upper electrode layer 103.
- the lower electrode layer 101, the functional material layer 102, and the upper electrode layer 103 may be formed as a three-layered structure, that is, a so-called sandwich structure, but is not limited to this structure, and is applicable to various units of a memristor.
- the structure can be used.
- a memristor unit can be constructed as long as it has two electrodes and fills the functional material between the electrodes.
- the electrode structure and dimensions may be the same or different, and the geometry and size of the intermediate functional material layers may also vary.
- the memristor unit can be fabricated separately or integrated with an MOS, a triode, a diode, etc. to form an array or chip.
- the substrate 100 is composed of, for example, Si or SiO 2 and serves as a supporting base for the entire memristor element.
- the lower electrode layer 101 and the upper electrode layer 103 are, for example, one or more of Ag, Cu, Al, Pt, Ta, Au, Ti, Ti 3 W 7 , W, Cr, ITO, TiN, TaN, IZO.
- the constituent materials may be the same or different, and respectively form electrical contact with the functional material layer 102 in between.
- the functional material layer 102 is composed of an AglnSbTe chalcogenide compound which can be formed by combining ⁇ 81 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 2 and InSb or AglnTe and Sb.
- the above AglnSbTe sulfur-based alloy compound has the following molecular structure Any one or combination of alloy compounds: Ag 5 In 5 Sb 6 . Te 3 . , Ag 5 . 5 In 6. 5 Sb 59 Te 29 , Ag 7 In 3 Sb 60 Te 30 , Ag 3 In 4 Sb 76 Te 17 , Ag 12 . 4 In 3 . 8 Sb 55 . 2 Te 28 . 6 , Ag 3 . 4 In 3 . 7 Sb 76 . 4 Te 16 . 5 , 8 ⁇ 81 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 2 and AgInTe. Since these sulfur-based compounds are homogenous materials, processes such as thermal oxidation and annealing are not required in the preparation process.
- the memristor based on the AglnSbTe sulfur-based alloy compound has the characteristics of low operating voltage, low cost, and the like, and is particularly suitable for mass-scale industrial scale production.
- this memristor based on AglnSbTe chalcogenide alloy compound can not only provide non-volatile intermediate resistance state, but also realize multi-level continuous adjustment of resistance.
- the thickness of the functional material layer is 5 ⁇ ! ⁇ 600 nm
- the thickness of the upper and lower electrode layers is from 10 nm to 800.
- the upper electrode layer, the functional material layer and the lower electrode layer may be arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction and completely overlap each other (horizontal structure) or parallel to the horizontal direction.
- the functional material layer and the upper electrode layer are disposed only to overlap with the lower electrode layer portion (through-hole structure) or a cross-shaped structure perpendicular to each other.
- the materials constituting the lower electrode layer are laterally arranged in the horizontal direction, and the materials constituting the upper electrode layer are longitudinally arranged in the horizontal direction, and the functional material layer between the two electrode layers is along Arranged in the vertical direction and perpendicular to the upper and lower electrode layers respectively; the structure can bring about the advantages of simple process and high integration.
- a lower electrode pattern is formed on a layered substrate made of a material such as Si or SiO 2 by a pattern transfer technique such as photolithography, etching, nanoimprinting, or other suitable method, followed by magnetron sputtering, chemistry
- a thin film deposition method such as a vapor deposition method, an electron beam evaporation method, an atomic layer deposition method, or a laser assisted deposition method forms a corresponding upper electrode layer.
- a functional material composed of an AgInSbTe sulfur-based alloy compound which is an alloy compound of the following molecular formula or a combination thereof is deposited on the formed lower electrode layer: Ag 5 In 5 Sb 6 . Te 3 . , Ag 5. 5 In 6. 5 Sb 59 Te 29 , Ag 7 In 3 Sb 6 . Te 30 , Ag 3 In 4 Sb 76 Te 17 , Ag 12 . 4 In 3 . 8 Sb 55 . 2 Te 28 . 6 , Ag 3 . 4 In 3 . 7 Sb 76 . 4 Te 16 . 5 , AgSbTe 2 and AglnTe, then The functional material is used as a functional material layer of the storage medium by a lift-off process.
- the upper electrode pattern is again formed by photolithography, etching or nanoimprinting on the prepared functional material layer, and then the upper electrode layer is formed by a thin film deposition method, thereby preparing a desired memristor device product. .
- the photoresist AZ5214 is spin-coated on the SiO 2 substrate, and the lower electrode pattern is obtained by the performance of the reverse resist and the photolithography process; then, the magnetron sputtering method is used to deposit the substrate with the lower electrode pattern.
- An Ag electrode metal conductive film was formed, and a lower electrode layer having a thickness of 200 nm was formed by a lift-off process.
- a photoresist AZ5214 is spin-coated on a substrate with a lower conductive electrode, and a pattern of the functional material layer is obtained by using the performance of the reverse photoresist and a photolithography process; then, magnetron sputtering is performed on the functional material layer pattern.
- the method comprises depositing an AglnSbTe film, and forming a functional material layer having a thickness of 25 nm by using an AglnSbTe film as a storage medium by a lift-off process;
- a photoresist AZ5214 is spin-coated on the functional material layer, and the upper electrode pattern of Ag is obtained by the performance of the reverse photoresist and the photolithography process; then, using a magnetron sputtering method, on the functional material layer with the upper electrode pattern An upper electrode metal conductive film is deposited, and an upper electrode layer having a thickness of 200 nm is formed by a lift-off process.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing current-voltage characteristics obtained by performing tests on a memristor device fabricated in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- the memristor device did not undergo a large initializing electrical operation prior to testing.
- the device has a significant memristive characteristic IV curve over a voltage sweep range of -0.4V to 0.4V.
- forward scanning the device remains in a high-impedance state until the voltage is scanned to 0.11V, after which the device resistance continues to decrease.
- a negative-scan the device remains in a low-impedance state until the voltage exceeds -0.23V.
- -0.23V device resistance rises rapidly, after one Until the voltage sweep returns to zero, the device resistance rises slowly.
- Figure 3-6 show the resistance changes of the fabricated memristor device under positive and negative pulses of different pulse widths and different amplitudes.
- the memristive device can achieve a gradual change in resistance over a plurality of pulses when the appropriate pulse amplitude and pulse width are selected. Pulses of different amplitudes or pulse widths have different effects on device resistance. The larger the amplitude or pulse width of the pulse, the greater the rise or fall of the device resistance, and the final resistance value that the device can achieve.
- the memristor according to the present invention has not only memristive characteristics but also resistance gradient characteristics which can be controlled under the action of a pulse.
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Abstract
提供了一种基于AglnSbTe硫系化合物的忆阻器,该忆阻器包括上电极层(103)、下电极层(101)以及位于上下电极层(103,101)之间的功能材料层(102),其中所述功能材料层(102)由譬如Ag5In5Sb60Te30、Ag5.5In6.5Sb59Te29、Ag7In3Sb60Te30、Ag3In4Sb76Te17、Ag12.4In3.8Sb55.2Te28.6、Ag3.4In3.7Sb76.4Te16.5、AgSbTe2和AglnTe等分子式结构的硫系合金化合物制成。还提供了相应的制备方法。通过该制备方法,能够以低成本、便于操控的方式来制备忆阻器元件,而且所制得的产品可提供非易失性的中间阻态,并能实现对电阻的多级连续可调。
Description
一种基于 AglnSbTe硫系化合物的忆阻器及其制备
【技术领域】
本发明属于微电子材料与器件技术领域, 更具体地, 涉及一种基于 AglnSbTe硫系化合物的忆阻器及其制备方法。
【背景技术】
1971年加州大学伯克利分校的蔡少棠教授理论最早预测了除电阻、 电 容、 电感以外的第四种无源电路元件 f乙阻器。 它的基本特征是能够记 忆流经的电荷, 并以电阻的变化反应出来。 由于忆阻器具备尺寸小、 功耗 低、 速度快、 非易失性等优点, 因此成为了下一代非易失性存储器的重要 候选。 此外, 忆阻器的电路特性使其能够实现存储和运算的融合, 从而突 破传统的冯 ·诺伊曼结构瓶颈, 构建新型的计算机结构; 其非线性的阻变 行为使其在多值存储、 震荡器、 混沌电路及信号处理等领域都有潜在应用; 而且, 因其电荷记忆特性与生物神经元突触的学习功能极为相似, 忆阻器 还被认为是模拟神经元、 实现认知存储和人工智能的绝佳器件。
2008年惠普实验室率先提出了基于 Ti02的忆阻器原型器件, 并采用双 层 Ti02层作为功能材料, 一层 Ti02具有氧空位, 另一层 Ti02则是没有氧 空位的自然状态。 此后, 研究人员对忆阻器展开了广泛的研究, 其中功能 材料作为忆阻器中的重要部分, 更是受到了极大的关注。 例如,
CN102738387A中公开了一种基于 TiOx结构的忆阻器及其制备方法, 其中 采用一次溅射 Ti层之后表面热氧化的方法取代了原本的两层结构 ALD工 艺,从而降低了制备成本; CN101864592A中公开了一种基于铁电金属异质 结的忆阻器及其制备方法, 其中通过将忆阻器铁电铌酸钾薄膜夹在两金属 电极膜之间, 以此方式构成微型忆阻器单元。
然而, 研究发现, 对于现有技术中的忆阻器及其制备工艺, 仍然存在
以下的不足: 第一, 由于目前常用的忆阻器功能材料由氧化物构成, 通常 需要采用多层氧化物的异质结构, 这种异质结构需要较复杂的工艺来控制 各个功能层之间的材料组分, 相应增加了制备工艺上的困难; 第二, 现有 技术的氧化物忆阻器虽然具备较好的阻变存储特性, 但电阻的渐变特性较 难控制; 第三, 现有技术中的制备方法需要较大的初始化电操作, 之后才 能展现出忆阻特性, 而这对于工业化大批量生产过程而言是非常不利的。 【发明内容】
针对现有技术的以上缺陷和 /或技术需求, 本发明的目的在于提供一种 基于 AglnSbTe硫系化合物的忆阻器及其制备方法, 其通过对忆阻器功能材 料的选择及其制备工艺上的改进, 相应能够以低成本、 便于操控, 无需大 的初始化电操作的方式来制备忆阻器元件, 所制得的产品不仅可提供非易 失性的中间阻态, 同时还能实现对电阻的多级连续可调, 而且在实现过程 中没有发生相变, 与现有技术中的相变存储器形成了明显区别。
按照本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种基于 AglnSbTe硫系化合物的忆阻 器, 该忆阻器包括上电极层、 下电极层以及位于上下电极层之间的功能材 料层, 其特征在于: 所述功能材料层由 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物制成。
作为进一步优选地, 所述 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物为以下分子式结构 的合金化合物中的任意一种或其组合: Ag5In5Sb6。Te3。、 Ag5.5In6.5Sb59Te29、 Ag7In3Sb60Te30、 Ag3In4Sb76Te17、 Ag12.4In3.8Sb55.2Te28.6、 Ag3.4In3.7Sb76.4Te16.5、 AgSbTe2和 AgInTe。
通过以上构思, 由于采用 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物来构成忆阻器的功 能材料层, 可以充分运用该硫系合金化合物自身所具备的大量本征缺陷, 由此既利于空间电荷限制电流等机制的产生, 也利于导电 Ag离子的迁移; 此外, 通过对该硫系合金化合物的分子构成进行研究, 测试表明采用上述 分子式结构的硫系化合物具备优良的忆阻特性, 并能实现精确可控的电阻 渐变性能, 因此尤其适用于忆阻器的制造用途。
作为进一步优选地, 所述功能材料层的厚度为 5nm〜600歷。 通过将忆阻器功能材料的厚度限定为以上纳米量级的范围, 一方面是 基于沉积加工和制造成本上的考虑, 另外一方面, 较多的比较测试表明, 上述厚度范围能够便于实现对忆阻器忆阻特性的精确控制。
作为进一步优选地, 所述上、 下电极层由 Ag、 Cu、 Al、 Pt、 Ta、 Au、 Ti、 Ti3W7、 W、 Cr、 ITO、 TiN、 TaN、 IZO这些材质中的一种或多种构成, 且其厚度为 10nm〜800nm。
研究发现, 电极层厚度过薄时既会增加薄膜沉积的加工难度, 也不利 于器件的电输运; 而电极层过厚时会对器件结构设计造成不便。 因此对于 基于 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物作为功能材料层与上述材质的电极层配合使 用时, 需要对其厚度进行适当选择, 这样既便于保证忆阻器器件的整体性 能, 又便于大批量生产时的制造加工。
作为进一步优选地, 所述忆阻器还具有衬底, 所述上电极层、 功能材 料层和下电极层共同构成三明治结构, 并设置在该衬底之上。
作为进一步优选地, 所述上电极层、 功能材料层和下电极层三者之间 形成十字交叉状结构。
按照本发明的另一方面, 还提供了相应的制备方法, 该方法包括下列 步骤:
(a) 在 Si或 Si02衬底上利用光刻、 刻蚀或纳米压印技术制作下电极 图形, 并通过薄膜沉积法形成下电极层;
(b )在通过步骤 (a)所形成的下电极层上沉积由 AglnSbTe硫系合金 化合物构成的功能材料, 并通过剥离工艺制得以该功能材料作为存储介质 的功能材料层;
( c ) 在通过步骤 (b ) 所制得的功能材料层上利用光刻、 刻蚀或纳米 压印技术制作上电极图形, 然后通过薄膜沉积法形成上电极层, 由此制得 相应的忆阻器器件产品。
作为进一步优选地, 所述薄膜沉积法包括磁控溅射法、 化学气相沉积 法、 电子束蒸发法、 原子层沉积法或者激光辅助沉积法。
作为进一步优选地, 所述上电极层、 功能材料层和下电极层三者之间 被形成为彼此垂直的十字交叉结构。
总体而言, 按照本发明的忆阻器及其制备方法与现有技术相比, 主要 具备以下的技术优点:
1、 由于采用特定分子结构的 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物来构成忆阻器 的功能材料层, 可以充分运用该硫系合金化合物自身所具备的大量本征缺 陷, 所制得的忆阻器器件不仅具备优良的忆阻特性, 并能在电脉冲作用下 实现电阻的多级连续可调;
2、 按照本发明的忆阻器中所用的功能材料为同质材料, 因此在制备过 程中不再需要表面热氧化、 退火等工序, 并能以低成本、 便于操控的方式 来制得操作电压低、 兼容性好的忆阻器器件;
3、 按照本发明的忆阻器制作方法无需大的电操作执行初始化即可获得 忆阻特性, 相应降低了生产工艺控制的难度, 并尤其适用于大规模的工业 化批量生产用途。
【附图说明】
图 1是按照本发明的基于 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物的忆阻器整体结构 示意图;
图 2 是对按照本发明实施例所制得的忆阻器器件执行测试所获得的电 流-电压特性曲线示意图;
图 3是按照本发明实施例所制得的忆阻器器件在不同幅值的正向脉冲 作用下的电阻变化图;
图 4是按照本发明实施例所制得的忆阻器器件在不同脉宽的正向脉冲 作用下的电阻变化图;
图 5是按照本发明实施例所制得的忆阻器器件在不同幅值的负向脉冲
作用下的电阻变化图;
图 6是按照本发明实施例所制得的忆阻器器件在不同脉宽的负向脉冲 作用下的电阻变化图。
在所有附图中, 相同的附图标记用来表示相同的元件或结构, 其中: 100-衬底 100 101-下电极层 101 102-功能材料层 102 103_上电极 层
【具体实鮮式】
为了使本发明的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白, 以下结合附图 及实施例, 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的具体 实施例仅仅用以解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。
图 1是按照本发明的基于 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物的忆阻器整体结构 示意图。 如图 1中所示, 按照本发明所构建的忆阻器主要包括衬底 100、 下 电极层 101、 功能材料层 102以及上电极层 103。 下电极层 101、 功能材料 层 102和上电极层 103三者之间可形成为三层叠合结构也即所谓的三明治 结构, 但并不局限于该结构, 凡是适用于忆阻器的各种单元结构都可使用。 事实上, 只要具有两个电极并在电极之间填充功能材料就可以构成忆阻器 单元。 在不同结构中, 电极结构和尺寸可以相同也可以不同, 中间功能材 料层的几何形状和尺寸也可以不同。 该忆阻器单元可以单独制备, 也可以 和 M0S、 三极管、 二极管等整合形成阵列或芯片。
衬底 100譬如由 Si或 Si02构成,用作作为整个忆阻器元件的支撑基础。 下电极层 101、 上电极层 103譬如由 Ag、 Cu、 Al、 Pt、 Ta、 Au、 Ti、 Ti3W7、 W、 Cr、 ITO、 TiN、 TaN、 IZO这些材料中的一种或多种构成, 它们的构成 材料可以相同也可以不同, 并分别与处于两者中间的功能材料层 102形成 电接触。 作为本发明的关键改进之一, 功能材料层 102是由 AglnSbTe硫系 合金化合物构成的, 该硫系化合物可以由 §81^¾2和 InSb或者 AglnTe和 Sb化合而成。具体而言, 上述 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物为以下分子式结构
的合金化合物中的任意一种或其组合: Ag5In5Sb6。Te3。、 Ag5.5In6.5Sb59Te29、 Ag7In3Sb60Te30、 Ag3In4Sb76Te17、 Ag12.4In3.8Sb55.2Te28.6、 Ag3.4In3.7Sb76.4Te16.5、 八§81^¾2和 AgInTe。 由于这些硫系化合物为同质材料, 因此在制备过程中 不需要热氧化、 退火等工序。 相应地, 这种基于 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物 的忆阻器具备操作电压低、 成本低等特点, 并尤其适用于大批量的工业化 规模生产。 此外, 在不同的脉冲激励下, 这种基于 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合 物的忆阻器不仅能够提供非易失性的中间阻态, 还能实现电阻的多级连续 可调。
在一个优选实施方式中, 所述功能材料层的厚度为 5ηπ!〜 600nm, 所述 上、 下电极层的厚度为 10nm〜800歷。在另外一个优选实施方式中, 所述上 电极层、 功能材料层和下电极层三者之间可以沿着水平方向平行设置并且 相互完全叠合 (水平式结构) , 或是沿着水平方向平行设置并且功能材料 层和上电极层仅与下电极层部分相叠合 (通孔式结构) , 或是彼此相互垂 直的十字交叉状结构。 具体而言, 对于十字交叉状结构, 例如构成下电极 层的材料沿着水平方向横向排列, 构成上电极层的材料沿着水平方向纵向 排列, 而处于两个电极层之间的功能材料层沿着竖直方向排列并分别与上 下电极层相垂直; 该结构相应能带来工艺简单、 集成度高等优点。
下面将具体介绍用于制备按照本发明的基于 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物 的忆阻器的制备过程。
首先, 在由 Si或 Si02等材料构成的层状衬底上通过图形转移技术, 譬 如光刻、 刻蚀、 纳米压印或其他适当方法制作下电极图形, 然后通过磁控 溅射法、 化学气相沉积法、 电子束蒸发法、 原子层沉积法或者激光辅助沉 积法等这类薄膜沉积方法形成相应的上电极层。
接着, 在所形成的下电极层上沉积由 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物构成的 功能材料, 所述 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物为以下分子式结构的合金化合物 中的任意一种或其组合: Ag5In5Sb6。Te3。、 Ag5.5In6.5Sb59Te29、 Ag7In3Sb6。Te30、
Ag3In4Sb76Te17、 Ag12.4In3.8Sb55.2Te28.6、 Ag3.4In3.7Sb76.4Te16.5、 AgSbTe2和 AglnTe, 然后并通过剥离工艺制得以该功能材料作为存储介质的功能材料层。
最后, 在所制得的功能材料层上再次利用光刻、 刻蚀或纳米压印技术 制作上电极图形, 然后通过薄膜沉积法形成上电极层, 由此制得所需的忆 阻器器件产品。
以下为按照上述操作流程所执行的一个示范性具体实施例:
在 Si02衬底上旋涂光刻胶 AZ5214,利用反转光刻胶的性能和光刻工艺 得到下电极图形; 接着, 利用磁控溅射方法, 在带有下电极图形的衬底上 淀积 Ag电极金属导电薄膜, 并通过剥离工艺形成厚度为 200nm的下电极 层。
在带有下导电电极的衬底上旋涂光刻胶 AZ5214, 利用反转光刻胶的性 能和光刻工艺得到功能材料层的图形; 接着, 在该功能材料层图形上利用 磁控溅射方法淀积 AglnSbTe薄膜, 并通过剥离工艺形成由 AglnSbTe薄膜 作为存储介质、 厚度为 25nm的功能材料层;
在功能材料层上旋涂光刻胶 AZ5214, 利用反转光刻胶的性能和光刻工 艺得到 Ag上电极图形; 接着, 利用磁控溅射方法, 在带有上电极图形的功 能材料层上淀积上电极金属导电薄膜, 并通过剥离工艺形成厚度为 200nm 的上电极层。
下面将对按照上述实施例所制得的忆阻器进行一系列测试, 并获得如 图 2-图 6所示的测试结构。
图 2 是对按照本发明实施例所制得的忆阻器器件执行测试所获得的电 流-电压特性曲线示意图。 在测试之前, 忆阻器器件并未经过大的初始化电 操作。 如图 2中所示, 该器件在 -0.4V~0.4V的电压扫描范围内, 即可有明 显的忆阻特性 I-V曲线。在正向扫描中, 在电压扫描至 0.11V之前, 器件保 持在高阻态, 此后器件电阻持续下降; 在负向扫描中, 在电压超过 -0.23V 之前, 器件始终保持在低阻态, 在 -0.23V左右器件电阻迅速升高, 此后一
直到电压扫描恢复至 0, 器件电阻缓慢升高。
图 3-图 6分别显示了所制得的忆阻器器件在不同脉宽、 不同幅制的正 负向脉冲作用下的电阻变化图。 如这些图中所示, 当选择适当的脉冲幅值 和脉宽时, 该忆阻器件可在多个脉冲下实现电阻的渐变特性。 不同幅值或 脉宽的脉冲对器件电阻的影响不同。 脉冲的幅值或脉宽越大, 器件电阻上 升或下降的幅度越大, 同时, 器件所能达到的最终电阻值也有所不同。 由 上可知, 按照本发明的忆阻器不仅具备忆阻特性, 而且具备可在脉冲作用 下控制的电阻渐变特性。
本领域的技术人员容易理解, 以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等 同替换和改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1、 一种基于 AglnSbTe硫系化合物的忆阻器, 该忆阻器包括上电极层、 下电极层以及位于上下电极层之间的功能材料层, 其特征在于: 所述功能 材料层由 AglnSbTe硫系合金化合物制成。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的忆阻器, 其特征在于, 所述 AglnSbTe硫系合 金化合物为以下分子式结构的合金化合物中的任意一种或其组合: Ag5In5Sb60Te30 、 Ag55In65Sb59Te29 、 Ag7In3Sb60Te30 、 Ag3In4Sb76Te17 、 Ag12.4In3.8Sb55.2Te28.6、 Ag3.4In3.7Sb76.4Te16.5、 AgSbTe2禾卩 AgInTe。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的忆阻器, 其特征在于, 所述功能材料层的 厚度为 5歷〜600歷。
4、 如权利要求 3 所述的忆阻器, 其特征在于, 所述上、 下电极层由 Ag、 Cu、 Al、 Pt、 Ta、 Au、 Ti、 Ti3W7、 W、 Cr、 ITO、 TiN、 TaN、 IZO这 些材质中的一种或多种构成, 且其厚度为 10nm〜800歷。
5、 如权利要求 1-4任意一项所述的忆阻器, 其特征在于, 所述忆阻器 还具有衬底, 所述上电极层、 功能材料层和下电极层共同构成三明治结构, 并设置在该衬底之上。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的忆阻器, 其特征在于, 所述上电极层、 功能材 料层和下电极层三者之间形成十字交叉状结构。
7、 一种用于制备如权利要求 1-7任意一项所述的忆阻器的方法, 该方 法包括下列步骤:
(a) 在 Si或 Si02衬底上利用光刻、 刻蚀或纳米压印技术制作下电极 图形, 并通过薄膜沉积法形成下电极层;
(b)在通过步骤 (a)所形成的下电极层上沉积由 AglnSbTe硫系合金 化合物构成的功能材料, 并通过剥离工艺制得以该功能材料作为存储介质 的功能材料层;
( c ) 在通过步骤 (b ) 所制得的功能材料层上利用光刻、 刻蚀或纳米 压印技术制作上电极图形, 然后通过薄膜沉积法形成上电极层, 由此制得 相应的忆阻器器件产品。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述薄膜沉积法譬如包括 磁控溅射法、 化学气相沉积法、 电子束蒸发法、 原子层沉积法或者激光辅 助沉积法。
9、 如权利要求 7或 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述上、 下电极层的 厚度分别为 10nm〜800nm, 所述功能材料层的厚度为 5nm〜600歷, 并且所 述上电极层、 功能材料层和下电极层三者之间被形成为彼此垂直的十字交 叉结构。
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