WO2014091514A1 - Bielle innovante en matériau composite - Google Patents

Bielle innovante en matériau composite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014091514A1
WO2014091514A1 PCT/IT2013/000347 IT2013000347W WO2014091514A1 WO 2014091514 A1 WO2014091514 A1 WO 2014091514A1 IT 2013000347 W IT2013000347 W IT 2013000347W WO 2014091514 A1 WO2014091514 A1 WO 2014091514A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connecting rod
fibres
hooping
arms
composite material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2013/000347
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ignazio CRIVELLI VISCONTI
Original Assignee
Tepco Srl - Tecnologie Dei Polimeri E Dei Compositi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tepco Srl - Tecnologie Dei Polimeri E Dei Compositi filed Critical Tepco Srl - Tecnologie Dei Polimeri E Dei Compositi
Publication of WO2014091514A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014091514A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C7/00—Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads
    • F16C7/02—Constructions of connecting-rods with constant length
    • F16C7/026—Constructions of connecting-rods with constant length made of fibre reinforced resin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/12—Force, load, stress, pressure
    • F16C2240/18—Stress
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C7/00—Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads
    • F16C7/02—Constructions of connecting-rods with constant length
    • F16C7/023—Constructions of connecting-rods with constant length for piston engines, pumps or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the mechanical sector, and in particular to mechanisms for the conversion of a rotary motion into a rectilinear reciprocating motion, and vice versa.
  • Connecting rods find application in a vast range of production sectors, such as for example in reciprocating motors, pumps, machine tools, presses, etc .
  • the speeds involved are low, whilst in others, such as for example in reciprocating motors, the speeds, and the stresses deriving therefrom, may even be very high.
  • the moving masses play a very important role on account of the inertial forces associated to the motion of such masses.
  • a connecting rod preferably made of special steels but also of light metal alloys, is used to convert a rotary motion into a reciprocating motion, and vice versa, and is subject to tensile loads, compressive loads, bending, Eulerian instability, and fatigue.
  • the present invention envisages a connecting rod having a structure configured in an innovative way that uses to a major extent composite materials, altogether eliminating, however, precisely thanks to its structural configuration, the drawbacks that characterize composite materials both during tensile loading and compressive loading of the connecting rod. In this way, it is possible to obtain a low final weight given the same performance, as compared to a similar connecting rod made of metal.
  • the different portions of composite material with reinforcement fibres present in the connecting rod are loaded exclusively by a tensile force along its own axis (i.e., in such a way that they can provide the maximum characteristics of mechanical strength that are not available in the case of compressive loads), both when the connecting rod is subjected - as a whole - to compression and when it is subjected to tensile loading.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of the main parts that constitute a preferred embodiment of a connecting rod according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a detail of the connecting rod of Figure 1, highlighted in which is the winding for hooping the central body; and Figure 3 shows, by way of illustration, how the polar winding is set in the case where it is wound on or underneath the hooping (not illustrated for reasons of greater clarity) .
  • the purposes described above have been obtained, according to a peculiar characteristic of the invention, by providing a connecting rod, the central body of which is configured in such a way that, when the connecting rod is subjected to compressive force Fc, it tends to undergo deformation by pushing its two arms outwards, in other words, so that said arms tend to undergo deformation bending outwards so as to move away from to one another.
  • the two arms subject the fibres wound around them (i.e., the fibres that constitute the hooping of said central body) to a tensile state.
  • This innovative structural configuration of the connecting rod advantageously makes it possible to have the fibres for reinforcement of the composite material that are subjected just to tensile loading along their axis (hence presenting the maximum characteristics of mechanical strength) precisely when the connecting rod - as a whole - is subject to compressive loads.
  • a further and significant peculiar characteristic of the present invention determined precisely by the innovative structural configuration of the connecting rod described, lies in the fact that, when the force acting on the connecting rod as a whole is a tensile force Ft, the composite material of the hooping does not participate significantly, whereas said state of stress is instead withstood directly by the portion of composite material that has the fibres wound in a longitudinal direction externally (or internally ) and orthogonally to the fibres of the hooping, along the entire perimeter of all the connecting rod thus obtaining a polar winding: in this way, the tensile load acting on the entire connecting rod is discharged on the fibres of the polar winding, arranged in a longitudinal direction with respect to the connecting rod itself, so that they work in tension along their axis .
  • a - inner core or central body comprising the big-end bushing 12 and small-end bushing 13 of the connecting rod, which are connected to one another by two lateral arms 16 slightly curved outwards;
  • B - hooping made of composite material deposited by winding or with some other technique around the two arms 16 so that the fibres are transverse to the main axis of the connecting rod. This hooping covers the entire length of the two arms 16 excluding the big end 12 and the small end 13 of the connecting rod;
  • C - polar area constituted by composite material deposited with polar winding, or with some other technique, on the entire outer perimeter of the core or central body A and set on top (or underneath) alongside the hooping B.
  • the quantitative and qualitative distribution of the fibres of the composite in the hooping area and in the polar area is a function of the loads actually present on the mechanism, and it is consequently possible to tailor the quality and quantity of fibres in the hooping area B separately in order to withstand the compressive stresses present on the connecting rod, and in the polar area C in order to withstand the tensile stresses.
  • carbon/graphite fibres are preferable for the hooping B in so far as, since they have a high elastic modulus, they are subjected to a high tensile stress even for the extremely small strains that are allowed, whereas glass fibres, aramide fibres, basalt fibres, or the like are preferable for the polar area C, where the tensile strength is the most important characteristic and the elastic modulus has a lesser effect.
  • the present invention also envisages that, in the case where for the connecting rod marked compressive loads are envisaged, on both sides between the inner core A and the composite material of the hooping B there is present a reinforcement layer D made of composite material with high elastic modulus, typically a composite with carbon/graphite fibres of high modulus arranged in a longitudinal direction with respect to the connecting rod, as emerges purely by way of example in Figure 1, said reinforcement D being rigidly connected to the core A itself and to the hooping B.
  • a reinforcement layer D made of composite material with high elastic modulus, typically a composite with carbon/graphite fibres of high modulus arranged in a longitudinal direction with respect to the connecting rod, as emerges purely by way of example in Figure 1, said reinforcement D being rigidly connected to the core A itself and to the hooping B.
  • this reinforcement layer D is a further contribution to the flexural stiffness in the principal plane of the connecting rod, i.e., the Eulerian elastic stability of the inner core A and hence of the entire connecting rod.
  • composite materials used in the present invention are preferably made up of composite materials with unidirectional fibres .
  • the operating temperature of the mechanism is envisaged in the range from -50°C to +200°C
  • the preferred matrix for englobing the fibres is of the polymeric type, either of a thermosetting type TI, such as epoxy matrix, phenolic matrix, or the like, or of a thermoplastic type TP, such as PPS, PEI, PEEK, or the like.
  • composites in which these fibres are present in the composite in a proportion of between 30 vol% and 75 vol% constituting a composite with elastic tensile modulus E comprised between 20 000 MPa and 400 000 MPa and ultimate tensile strength of between 300 MPa and 3 000 MPa, these fibres being of the types Glass E, Glass S, Glass R, or other types of Glass, or carbon/graphite of any type, or basalt, or aramide, said properties being obtained - as has already been mentioned - thanks to the use of composites with or without a matrix of a polymeric type either of the thermosetting type TI (such as epoxy matrices, polyester matrices, phenolic matrices for recommended maximum temperatures not higher than 180 °C approximately) or else of the thermoplastic type TP (such as PPS, PEI, PEEK or the like for maximum temperatures even higher than 250°C approximately) , or again to the use of matrices of a different type, such as metal or ceramic matrices,
  • the above arms 16 have variable dimensions and geometry both as a function of the characteristics of the mechanism of which the connecting rod forms part, in particular r.p.m., power, and maximum torque of the mechanism itself and in any case along their extension, where these dimensions are comprised: as regards the thickness transverse to the plane of the connecting rod between 1 mm and 50 mm, and as regards the thickness of the arms 16 in the plane of the connecting rod between 1 mm and 60 mm, these dimensions being also linked to the length L of the connecting rod and to the distance h between centres of the big-end area 12 and small-end area 13 of the connecting rod itself, where this distance h is preferably between 40 mm and 2 000 mm.
  • the hooping B constituted by the aforesaid unidirectional composite material deposited around the two arms 16 by transverse winding of these fibres with respect to the arms 16 and around the axis of the connecting rod, or with some other technique
  • this hooping covers exclusively the entire length of the arms 16 of the connecting rod
  • the layer of composite material of the hooping B has a dimension in the longitudinal direction that is dictated by the length of the arms 16, whilst the thickness has a value comprised between 1 mm and 30 mm, the dimensions possibly exceeding the values referred to in the cases of connecting rods to be inserted in particular large-sized mechanisms.
  • the polar-winding area C constituted by the aforesaid unidirectional composite material deposited by polar winding, or some other technique, on the entire outer perimeter of the arched arms 16 in a longitudinal direction with respect to the connecting rod and hence transverse to the hooping B, is set on top of (or underneath, i.e., wound underneath) the latter and has a dimension in the longitudinal direction equal to the total length L of the connecting rod, whereas in the thickness transverse to the plane of the connecting rod it has a value of between 1 mm and 50 mm, and in the thickness of the aforesaid polar winding C in the plane of the connecting rod it has a value comprised between 1 mm and 60 mm, the dimensions possibly exceeding the values referred to in the cases of connecting rods to be inserted in particular large- sized mechanisms.
  • the reinforcement layer D which is designed to increase further the flexural stiffness and Eulerian instability of the connecting rod in its principal plane during compression, is set between said central stem or core A and said hooping B.
  • it is constituted by a layer of composite material with fibres set longitudinally, preferably a composite with carbon/graphite fibres of high modulus, in which the material has an elastic tensile modulus E comprised between 80 000 MPa and 500 000 MPa, and a thickness comprised between 0.5 mm and 5 mm.
  • unidirectional fibres of the composite of the hooping A and of the polar winding C are wound using simple conventional wet winding technologies subjecting them just to tensile stress along their own axis.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne le domaine mécanique et, en particulier, une bielle conçue pour convertir un mouvement rotatif en un mouvement de va-et-vient et inversement; la bielle étant au moins partiellement constituée d'un matériau composite et comprenant une tête (12), un pied (13), un corps central (A), un frettage (B) et une zone polaire (C).
PCT/IT2013/000347 2012-12-13 2013-12-12 Bielle innovante en matériau composite WO2014091514A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITNA2012A000074 2012-12-13
IT000074A ITNA20120074A1 (it) 2012-12-13 2012-12-13 Bielle innovative in materiale composito

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014091514A1 true WO2014091514A1 (fr) 2014-06-19

Family

ID=48047548

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2013/000347 WO2014091514A1 (fr) 2012-12-13 2013-12-12 Bielle innovante en matériau composite

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) ITNA20120074A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014091514A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITUA20161617A1 (it) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-14 Tepco Srl Tecnologie Dei Polimeri E Dei Compositi 80121 Napoli / It Biella in materiale composito scomponibile per motori multi cilindrici.

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0032162A1 (fr) * 1979-12-19 1981-07-22 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Bielle pour machines motrices
GB2082716A (en) * 1980-08-22 1982-03-10 Lord Corp Improvements in or relating to resilient links
US4403525A (en) * 1979-12-19 1983-09-13 Messerschmitt-Bolkow Blohm Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Connecting rod for an engine
EP0098739A1 (fr) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-18 Dunlop Limited Levier
JPS59158226A (ja) * 1983-02-28 1984-09-07 Isuzu Motors Ltd コンロツドの成形方法
FR2543054A1 (fr) * 1983-03-22 1984-09-28 Renault Procede de fabrication d'une bielle en materiau composite pour moteur, notamment de vehicule automobile
US5064726A (en) * 1988-11-03 1991-11-12 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie M.B.H. Hollow composite member
US5664327A (en) * 1988-11-03 1997-09-09 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie Gmbh Method for producing a hollow composite members
DE10207981A1 (de) * 2002-02-25 2003-09-04 Daimler Chrysler Ag Pleuel

Family Cites Families (8)

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JPS5630070A (en) * 1979-08-17 1981-03-26 Honda Motor Co Ltd Manufacture of fiber-reinforced composite material
JPS602530B2 (ja) * 1979-08-29 1985-01-22 本田技研工業株式会社 内燃機関用コンロツド
DE2952117C2 (de) * 1979-12-22 1983-11-17 Deutsche Forschungs- Und Versuchsanstalt Fuer Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V., 5300 Bonn Kolbenbolzen
FR2705610B1 (fr) * 1993-05-26 1995-08-11 Aerospatiale Procédé de fabrication de bielle en matériau composite monobloc par mise en place de fibres pré-imprégnées sur un mandrin extractible et bielle ainsi obtenue.
FR2706354B1 (fr) * 1993-06-14 1995-09-01 Aerospatiale Procédé de réalisation d'objets creux en matériau composite par bobinage-dépose au contact sur un mandrin expansible et objets ainsi obtenus.
FR2718802B1 (fr) * 1994-04-18 1996-06-14 Aerospatiale Bielle en matière composite et procédé pour sa fabrication.
EP2266788A1 (fr) * 2009-06-26 2010-12-29 Bd Invent S.A. Procédé de fabrication de bielles composites et bielles obtenues selon le procédé
FR2957844B1 (fr) * 2010-03-26 2012-05-18 Messier Dowty Sa Procede de fabrication d'un organe mecanique en materiau composite ayant une tenue mecanique accrue en traction-compression et en flexion

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0032162A1 (fr) * 1979-12-19 1981-07-22 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Bielle pour machines motrices
US4403525A (en) * 1979-12-19 1983-09-13 Messerschmitt-Bolkow Blohm Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Connecting rod for an engine
GB2082716A (en) * 1980-08-22 1982-03-10 Lord Corp Improvements in or relating to resilient links
EP0098739A1 (fr) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-18 Dunlop Limited Levier
JPS59158226A (ja) * 1983-02-28 1984-09-07 Isuzu Motors Ltd コンロツドの成形方法
FR2543054A1 (fr) * 1983-03-22 1984-09-28 Renault Procede de fabrication d'une bielle en materiau composite pour moteur, notamment de vehicule automobile
US5064726A (en) * 1988-11-03 1991-11-12 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie M.B.H. Hollow composite member
US5664327A (en) * 1988-11-03 1997-09-09 Emitec Gesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie Gmbh Method for producing a hollow composite members
DE10207981A1 (de) * 2002-02-25 2003-09-04 Daimler Chrysler Ag Pleuel

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITUA20161617A1 (it) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-14 Tepco Srl Tecnologie Dei Polimeri E Dei Compositi 80121 Napoli / It Biella in materiale composito scomponibile per motori multi cilindrici.

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Publication number Publication date
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