WO2014087921A1 - 1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法、微生物及び遺伝子 - Google Patents
1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法、微生物及び遺伝子 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing 1,4-butanediol, a microorganism and a gene.
- 1,4-Butanediol is an example of a compound that is expected to convert biomass raw materials.
- 1,4-Butanediol is widely used as a raw material for synthesis of fine organic chemicals, monomer units of polyester and engineering plastics, and the market scale is large. For this reason, there is an increasing demand for a method for efficiently producing 1,4-butanediol by a biochemical process using renewable resources such as biomass as a raw material.
- Examples of the method for producing 1,4-butanediol using a biochemical process include the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 2 and Non-Patent Document 1.
- Patent Documents 1 to 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 have complicated processes.
- the present invention includes the following.
- a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes the step (4) (A) a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, (B) a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 A gene having a base sequence, (C) a gene having
- a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes the step (4) (A) a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, (B) a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 A gene having a base sequence, (C) a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an enzyme system of the method for producing 1,4-butanediol according to this embodiment.
- CoA means “Coenzyme A”.
- % Means “mass%” unless otherwise specified.
- Ppm is based on mass.
- the method for producing 1,4-butanediol includes an enzyme using a microorganism or a culture thereof via acetyl CoA, acetoacetyl CoA, 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA, crotonyl CoA, 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA. This is a method for producing 1,4-butanediol by reaction.
- Each enzyme reaction is specifically (1) converting acetyl CoA to acetoacetyl CoA; (2) converting acetoacetyl CoA to 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA; (3) converting 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA to crotonyl CoA; (4) converting crotonyl CoA to 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA; and (5) converting 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA to 1,4-butanediol. including.
- 1,4-butanediol As a result of various studies to improve the productivity of 1,4-butanediol, the present inventors have used a specific gene or a homologue thereof in a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes each reaction in the above-described steps. Thus, it was found that 1,4-butanediol can be obtained with high productivity.
- the specific gene specifically, as a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction in the step of (4) converting crotonyl CoA to 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA, (A) a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, (B) a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 A gene having a base sequence, (C) a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the gene having the base sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, Any of these genes is preferably used.
- any of these genes is preferably used.
- the specific gene includes a gene having a base sequence specifically shown in the sequence listing and its homolog as described above.
- Homologs include orthologs and paralogs.
- the ortholog refers to a gene corresponding to a species generated by speciation from a common ancestral gene and a set of enzymes obtained from the gene.
- Paralog refers to a gene corresponding to a species generated by gene duplication rather than speciation in the same species and an enzyme obtained from the gene.
- a homolog refers to a gene having sequence identity regardless of an ortholog or paralog and an enzyme obtained from the gene.
- the homologue (gene) of the gene described above is a gene having a base sequence having 90% or more identity, preferably 95% or more identity to the gene, more preferably the gene. Or a gene in which one or several of its bases are deleted, substituted or added.
- the homologous gene includes a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the target gene.
- a homology search program for a known database for example, BLAST, FASTA
- a probe consisting of at least a part of an identified gene base sequence complementary to DNA consisting of the base sequence of the gene
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- the conditions for the vibridization are 6 ⁇ SSC (composition of 1 ⁇ SSC: 0.15M sodium chloride, 0.015M sodium citrate, pH: 7.0), 0.5% SDS, 5 X Conditions for hybridization with a Denhart solution and a solution containing 100 mg / mL herring sperm DNA at a constant temperature at 65 ° C. for 8 to 16 hours together with the probe.
- an enzyme or a series of enzymes encoded by each gene selected as described above is expressed (co-expression) in a microorganism obtained by transforming a host microorganism described below by genetic recombination.
- the reaction can be advanced.
- the characteristics of the microorganism, the method for producing the microorganism, the method for using the microorganism (that is, the method for producing 1,4-butanediol), the method for obtaining the produced 1,4-butanediol, and the like used in this embodiment Will be described.
- the host microorganism used in this embodiment is a host microorganism into which various genes described later can be introduced. For example, genetic recombination techniques can be applied to the host microorganism.
- examples of host microorganisms into which the above-described genes can be introduced are not particularly limited as long as they can apply genetic recombination techniques.
- specific examples include Escherichia coli, yeast, coryneform bacteria, and Clostridium bacteria.
- yeast include Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Kriveromyces lactis, Kriveromyces marxianus and the like.
- Coryneform bacteria include Corynebacterium glutamicum, Corynebacterium efficiens, Brevibacterium divaricatam, Brevibacterium saccharolyticum, Brevibacterium immariofilm, Brevibacterium lactofermentum, Brevi Bacterium Roseum, Brevibacterium flavum, Brevibacterium thiogenitalis, Corynebacterium acetoacidophilum, Corynebacterium acetoglutamicum, Corynebacterium carnae, Corynebacterium lilium, Corynebacterium Examples include melase cola, microbacteria and ammonia film.
- Clostridium kriveli Clostridium acetobutylicum, Clostridium aminobutyricum, Clostridium begerinky, Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum and the like.
- Escherichia coli Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Corynebacterium glutamicum because it is easy to transform, and it is more preferable to use Escherichia coli.
- the transformed microorganism in the present embodiment may be used in the form of cultured microorganisms themselves or in various forms of the culture.
- the culture of microorganisms in this embodiment is a suspension of microorganism cultured cells in a medium such as a medium or a buffer, a cell-free extract from the microorganism cultured cells, and further from the cell-free extract. Includes processed products such as those obtained by concentrating, purifying and extracting components that catalyze the reaction
- the culture of microorganisms in this embodiment further includes a product obtained by immobilizing the processed microorganism product on a poorly soluble carrier.
- immobilization carriers examples include polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, poly-N-vinylformamide, polyallylamine, polyethyleneimine, methylcellulose, glucomannan, alginate, carrageenan, and the like, as well as copolymers and cross-linked products thereof.
- the compound which forms the poorly water-soluble solid content which encapsulated the microbial cell of this or its processed material is mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- microorganisms or their extract liquid / extraction components retained on a solid object such as activated carbon, porous ceramics, glass fiber, porous polymer molded body, nitrocellulose membrane, etc. It can also be used as a product.
- the host microorganism used in this embodiment is a host microorganism into which various genes described later can be introduced. For example, genetic recombination techniques can be applied to the host microorganism. Specifically, the enzyme system originally possessed by the host microorganism is further subjected to 1,4-butanediol via acetyl CoA, acetoacetyl CoA, 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA, crotonyl CoA, 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA.
- acetyl CoA acetoacetyl CoA
- 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA crotonyl CoA
- 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an enzyme system of the method for producing 1,4-butanediol according to this embodiment.
- 1,4-butanediol can be obtained using a culture in which a series of genes described below is expressed in a microorganism by transformation or the like.
- a gene is inserted in arbitrary vectors individually or as a series of clusters, and a host microorganism is transformed.
- Each gene is expressed by culturing the obtained transformant in a medium using an appropriate carbon source, for example, glucose as a carbon source.
- the gene is expressed by culturing the transformant in a medium.
- each encoded gene when each gene is configured under the control of a regulator placed on the vector, each encoded gene is expressed by adding an induction substrate and moving to an inductive environment.
- the culture in this embodiment includes all the usual culture conditions for microorganism culture, and in this embodiment, the culture is a time and condition sufficient for the microorganism to produce 1,4-butanediol. It means culturing.
- a gene that catalyzes the reaction of converting acetyl-CoA to acetoacetyl-CoA [A gene that catalyzes the reaction of converting acetyl-CoA to acetoacetyl-CoA]
- the gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of converting acetyl CoA to acetoacetyl CoA is provided by the inventors.
- A a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2
- B a gene having a base sequence in which one or a plurality of bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2
- a gene having a base sequence (C) a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the gene having the base sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2; Are preferably used.
- the gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for converting acetyl CoA to acetoacetyl CoA is provided by the inventors.
- A a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3
- B a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3
- C a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the gene having the base sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3; are preferably used.
- a gene that catalyzes the reaction of converting acetoacetyl-CoA to 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA In this embodiment, a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for converting acetoacetyl CoA to 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA is provided by the inventors.
- A a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4
- B a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases have been deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4
- a gene having a base sequence (C) a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the gene having the base sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4; Are preferably used.
- the gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for converting acetoacetyl CoA to 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA is provided by the inventors.
- A a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5
- B a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5
- a gene having a base sequence A gene having a base sequence
- C a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the gene having the base sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5; Are preferably used.
- a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for converting 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA to crotonyl-CoA In this embodiment, a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for converting 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA to crotonyl CoA is provided by the inventors.
- A a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6,
- B a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6, and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6
- a gene having a base sequence (C) a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the gene having the base sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6; Are preferably used.
- the gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for converting 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA to crotonyl CoA is provided by the inventors.
- A a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7,
- B a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7, and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7
- a gene having a base sequence A gene having a base sequence
- C a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the gene having the base sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7; Are preferably used.
- a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of converting crotonyl CoA to 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA In this embodiment, a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for converting crotonyl CoA to 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA is provided by the inventors.
- A a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1
- B a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1
- a gene having a base sequence (C) a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the gene having the base sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, Are preferably used.
- a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for converting 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA to 1,4-butanediol is provided by the inventors.
- A a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8
- B a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8, and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8
- a gene having a base sequence (C) a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the gene having the base sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8; Are preferably used.
- the gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for converting 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA to 1,4-butanediol is provided by the inventors.
- A a gene having the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9
- B a gene having a base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9, and having 90% or more identity to the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9
- C a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the gene having the base sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9; are preferably used.
- the enzyme encoded by the above-described gene catalyzes the reaction of converting 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA to 4-hydroxybutanal, and the obtained 4-hydroxybutanal is an alcohol usually contained in the aforementioned host microorganism.
- the reductase leads to 1,4-butanediol substantially immediately.
- the method for supplying acetyl CoA serving as a substrate for the method for producing 1,4-butanediol of this embodiment is not particularly limited, and various known methods can be used. For example, it can be obtained from a carbohydrate such as glucose by the action of the glycolysis system of the host microorganism. Acetyl CoA can also be obtained in the process of lipid ⁇ -oxidation. Furthermore, acetyl CoA may be supplied by translocating CoA to acetic acid by coupling with an appropriate CoA substance using a CoA rearrangement enzyme.
- the gene or a part thereof can be ligated to an appropriate vector by appropriately combining various known methods such as restriction enzyme / ligation-based methods, In-Fusion cloning methods, etc.
- the recombinant vector thus obtained can be introduced into a host so that the target gene can be expressed.
- Part refers to a part of each gene capable of expressing the protein encoded by each gene when introduced into a host.
- the gene includes DNA and RNA, preferably DNA.
- the vector for ligating the gene is not particularly limited as long as it can be replicated in the host, and examples thereof include plasmids, phages and cosmids used for introducing foreign genes in E. coli.
- the plasmid include pHSG398, pUC18, pBR322, pSC101, pUC19, pUC118, pUC119, pACYC117, pBluescript II SK (+), pET17b, pETDuet-1, pACYCDuet-1, pCDFDuDet, pCDFDuDet, et
- the phage include ⁇ gt10, Charon 4A, EMBL-, M13mp18, M13mp19, and the like. Some of these are commercially available, and commercially available products (kits) can be used as they are or after being appropriately modified.
- an appropriate expression promoter may be connected upstream of the inserted gene in order to ensure that the inserted gene is expressed.
- the expression promoter to be used is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art depending on the host.
- the promoter region of the Frd gene that is a nitrate reductase gene can also be used.
- a method for gene disruption a known method used for gene disruption in E. coli can be used. Specifically, a method of destroying the gene using a vector (targeting vector) that causes homologous recombination at an arbitrary position of the target gene (gene targeting method), or a trap vector (promoter at an arbitrary position of the target gene).
- a method used when producing knockout cells or the like in this technical field such as a method of destroying the gene by inserting a reporter gene that does not have it and losing its function (gene trap method), a method of combining them, etc. I can do it.
- the position at which homologous substitution occurs or the position at which the trap vector is inserted is not particularly limited as long as it causes a mutation that eliminates the expression of the target gene to be disrupted, but is preferably a transcriptional regulatory region.
- the method for introducing the vector into the host is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method using calcium ions, a protoplast method, and an electroporation method that are generally used for vector introduction into E. coli. Can do.
- the target gene is inserted into a sequence homologous to the sequence on the genome together with a promoter, and this nucleic acid fragment is introduced into the cell by electroporation. Can be carried out by causing homologous recombination.
- a strain in which homologous recombination has occurred can be easily selected by using a nucleic acid fragment in which a target gene and a drug resistance gene are linked.
- a gene linked to a drug resistance gene and a gene that becomes lethal under specific conditions is inserted into the genome by homologous recombination by the above method, and then becomes lethal under specific conditions with the drug resistance gene.
- the target gene can also be introduced by homologous recombination in the form of replacing the gene.
- a method for selecting a recombinant microorganism into which a target gene is introduced is not particularly limited, but a method by which only a recombinant microorganism into which a target gene has been introduced can be easily selected is preferable.
- the reaction of the present invention is most conveniently performed by, for example, cultivating a transformant in a nutrient medium such as LB medium at a temperature of 15 ° C. to 40 ° C., preferably 18 ° C. to 37 ° C. for about 24 hours.
- a nutrient medium such as LB medium
- 0.01 to 50%, preferably 0.1 to 30% glucose is transferred to a medium containing carbon as a carbon source, followed by culturing at the same temperature for about 1 hour to 200 hours.
- the carbon source may be added continuously or intermittently according to the consumption of the carbon source due to the growth and reaction of the bacteria. In this case, the concentration of the carbon source in the reaction solution is not limited to the above.
- sugars such as glucose, sucrose and fructose, polyols such as glycerol, organic substances such as ethanol, acetic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, benzoic acid and fatty acids, or alkalis thereof Metal salts, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-paraffins, aromatic hydrocarbons, or natural organic substances such as peptone, meat extract, fish extract, soy flour, bran, etc., alone or in combination, usually 0 It can be used at a concentration of about 0.01% to 30%, preferably about 0.1% to 20%.
- inorganic nitrogen compounds such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, nitrogen-containing organic substances such as urea and uric acid, peptone, meat extract, fish extract, soybean powder, etc.
- nitrogen-containing organic substances such as urea and uric acid, peptone, meat extract, fish extract, soybean powder, etc.
- fungi with metal salts such as phosphates such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, calcium acetate, manganese chloride, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate Can be added to improve enzyme activity.
- the addition concentration varies depending on the culture conditions, but is usually about 0.01% to 5% for phosphate, 10 ppm to 1% for magnesium salt, and about 0.1 ppm to 1,000 ppm for other compounds.
- yeast extract, casamino acid, and yeast nucleic acid can be added as a source of vitamins, amino acids, nucleic acids and the like to improve bacterial growth and enzyme activity.
- the pH of the medium should be adjusted to 4.5-9, preferably 5-8.
- microbial cells previously cultured in the medium as described above are collected from the culture solution by a method such as centrifugation or membrane filtration, and water containing the reaction raw material, physiological saline, or a pH equivalent to the culture pH. Suspending and reacting again in a buffer solution consisting of these salts with phosphoric acid, acetic acid, boric acid, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, etc. adjusted to reduce the impurities in the reaction solution. It is useful to simplify the fractionation of the product.
- the pH during the reaction can usually be maintained when a buffer solution having a sufficient concentration is used, but when the pH deviates from the above due to the progress of the reaction, sodium hydroxide, ammonia or the like is used so that the same pH is obtained. It is desirable to adjust accordingly.
- reaction rate decreases due to accumulation of 1,4-butanediol in the reaction solution
- water, physiological saline, reaction buffer, etc. are added to the reaction solution according to the product concentration.
- the method of diluting to a suitable value is preferred.
- the bacteria are collected, the supernatant is recovered as a product solution, and the collected bacteria are returned to the solution or suspension containing the reaction raw material again to restore the reaction rate.
- This operation can be carried out continuously or batchwise using a centrifuge, a separation membrane or the like.
- the separation, recovery and purification of 1,4-butanediol produced in the reaction solution is carried out by removing the cells from the reaction solution by centrifugation when the production amount of 1,4-butanediol reaches a substantial amount. Or in the reaction solution as it is, by using means for separation and recovery of general organic compounds and purification. For example, extraction is performed using a suitable organic solvent from a filtrate obtained by removing bacterial cells and the like from the culture solution. In addition to distilling off this extract as it is, high-purity 1,4-butanediol can be obtained by re-extraction with an appropriate solvent, purification using silica gel or other chromatography, or multistage distillation. can get.
- Table 1 shows a summary of the assumed reaction steps in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, enzymes that catalyze each reaction step, and genes encoding the enzymes.
- the sequence number in the gene corresponds to the sequence number in the sequence listing.
- a plasmid pETBD12 containing the sequence 12 was obtained by inserting the gene sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 12 with the NdeI site of pET17b as a target.
- the EcoRI site derived from the pET17b multicloning site located downstream of the stop codon of sequence 10 of pETBD10 was cleaved by restriction enzyme treatment to prepare an open ring fragment of pETBD10.
- the obtained two fragments were ligated with In-Fusion HD Cloning Kit to obtain plasmid pETBD10-12 containing sequences 10 and 12.
- SEQ ID NOS: 14, 16, and 17 were sequentially added with the downstream sequence of the sequence 12 of pETBD10-12 as a target to obtain a plasmid pETBD10-12-14-16-17.
- opening of the inserted plasmid is performed by cleavage with an appropriate restriction enzyme site on the vector that does not cleave the inserted sequence, and when there is no such site. This was performed by inverse PCR from the target insertion site (hereinafter the same).
- Escherichia coli JM109 (DE3) was transformed with pETBD10-12-14-16-17 to obtain Escherichia coli pETBD10-12-14-16-17 / JM109 (DE3).
- each gene of SEQ ID NOs: 10, 12, 14, 16, and 17 on the plasmid pETBD10-12-14-16-17 encodes an enzyme corresponding to the enzyme that catalyzes each step.
- a transformant of JM109 (DE3) transformed with a plasmid partially substituted with the genes of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 4, 6, 1, 8 was obtained.
- Table 2 summarizes the assumed reaction steps in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, the enzymes that catalyze each reaction step, and the genes that encode the enzymes.
- the sequence number in the gene corresponds to the sequence number in the sequence listing.
- Comparative Example 2 In the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, first, a plasmid pETBD11-13-15-16-18 containing the gene sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 11, 13, 15, 16, 18 was prepared. E. coli pETBD11-13-15-16-18 / JM109 (DE3) was obtained by transforming the JM109 (DE3) strain.
- each gene of SEQ ID NO: 11, 13, 15, 16, 18 on plasmid pETBD11-13-15-16-18 encodes an enzyme corresponding to an enzyme catalyzing each step, SEQ ID NO: 3, 5, A JM109 (DE3) transformant transformed with a plasmid partially substituted with the 7, 1, and 9 genes was obtained.
- Each transformant obtained in each Example and Comparative Example was cultured in 5 mL of LB medium containing 100 mg / L of ampicillin at 37 ° C. for 12 hours under aerobic conditions.
- the culture solution (0.1 mL) was transplanted to 5 mL of LB medium containing 1% glucose, ampicillin 100 mg / L, and IPTG 0.2 mM, and cultured under aerobic conditions at 30 ° C. for 48 hours.
- the culture supernatant was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC: column; Shodex SH-1011 (manufactured by Showa Denko)), column temperature: 60 ° C., eluent: 25 mM sulfuric acid aqueous solution, flow rate 0.6 mL / min, detection: differential refraction detection Was used for the test.
- Tables 3 and 4 show the relationship between the gene constituting the plasmid of the transformant used and the amount of 1,4-butanediol produced in the culture solution.
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Abstract
Description
[1]微生物及び/又はその培養物を用いて、以下の工程を経て、1,4-ブタンジオールを製造する方法であって、
(1)アセチルCoAをアセトアセチルCoAに変換する工程
(2)アセトアセチルCoAを3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程
(3)3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAをクロトニルCoAに変換する工程
(4)クロトニルCoAを4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程
(5)4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを1,4-ブタンジオールに変換する工程
前記微生物は、
前記(4)の工程を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子として、
(a)配列番号1の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号1の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号1の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号1に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
のいずれかの遺伝子を含み、かつ、
前記(1)~(3)、(5)の工程のいずれかを触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子として、
(d)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(e)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列において、1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、元の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(f)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
のいずれか一つ以上の遺伝子を含む、1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。
(1)アセチルCoAをアセトアセチルCoAに変換する工程
(2)アセトアセチルCoAを3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程
(3)3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAをクロトニルCoAに変換する工程
(4)クロトニルCoAを4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程
(5)4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを1,4-ブタンジオールに変換する工程
前記(4)の工程を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子として、
(a)配列番号1の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号1の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号1の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号1に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
のいずれかの遺伝子を含み、かつ、
前記(1)~(3)、(5)の工程のいずれかを触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子として、
(d)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(e)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列において、1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、元の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(f)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
のいずれか一つ以上の遺伝子を含む、微生物。
(a)配列番号1乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(b)配列番号1乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列において、1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、元の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(c)配列番号1乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子
(1)アセチルCoAをアセトアセチルCoAに変換する工程、
(2)アセトアセチルCoAを3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程、
(3)3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAをクロトニルCoAに変換する工程、
(4)クロトニルCoAを4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程及び
(5)4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを1,4-ブタンジオールに変換する工程、
を含む。
(a)配列番号1の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号1の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号1の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号1に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
のいずれかの遺伝子を好適に使用する。
(a)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号1の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号2乃至9に記載のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
のいずれかの遺伝子を好適に使用する。
本実施形態で使用される宿主微生物は、後述する種々の遺伝子を導入することができる宿主微生物であり、例えば宿主微生物に遺伝子組み換え技術を適用することができる。
本実施形態で使用される宿主微生物は、後述する種々の遺伝子を導入することができる宿主微生物であり、例えば宿主微生物に遺伝子組み換え技術を適用することができる。具体的には、その宿主微生物が本来有する酵素系に、更にアセチルCoA、アセトアセチルCoA、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoA、クロトニルCoA、4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを経由して、1,4-ブタンジオールを生産することができる酵素反応系の各々の酵素系を有する。以下、本実施形態の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法の酵素系と、各々の酵素系をコードする遺伝子について説明する。
本実施形態において、アセチルCoAをアセトアセチルCoAに変換する反応を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子としては、発明者らにより提供される、
(a)配列番号2の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号2の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号2の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号2に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
が好適に用いられる。
(a)配列番号3の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号3の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号3の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号3に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
が好適に用いられる。
本実施形態において、アセトアセチルCoAを3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する反応を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子としては、発明者らにより提供される、
(a)配列番号4の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号4の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号4の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号4に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
が好適に用いられる。
(a)配列番号5の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号5の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号5の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号5に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
が好適に用いられる。
本実施形態において、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAをクロトニルCoAに変換する反応を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子としては、発明者らにより提供される、
(a)配列番号6の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号6の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号6の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号6に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
が好適に用いられる。
(a)配列番号7の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号7の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号7の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号7に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
が好適に用いられる。
本実施形態において、クロトニルCoAを4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する反応を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子としては、発明者らにより提供される、
(a)配列番号1の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号1の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号1の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号1に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
が好適に用いられる。
本実施形態において、4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを1,4-ブタンジオールに変換する反応を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子としては、発明者らにより提供される、
(a)配列番号8の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号8の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号8の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号8に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
が好適に用いられる。
(a)配列番号9の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号9の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号9の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号9に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
が好適に用いられる。
本実施形態の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法の基質となるアセチルCoAの供給方法としては、特に制限はなく、既知の様々な方法が用いられる。例えば、宿主微生物の解糖系の作用により、グルコースなどの糖質から得ることができる。また、脂質のβ-酸化の過程でも、アセチルCoAを得ることができる。さらに、CoA転位酵素を用いて、適当なCoA物質とのカップリングにより、酢酸にCoAを転位することによって、アセチルCoAを供給しても良い。
宿主微生物への遺伝子の導入は種々の知られた方法、例えば制限酵素/ライゲーションに基づく方法、In-Fusionクローニング方法などを適宜組み合わせて用いることで、上記遺伝子又はその一部を適当なベクターに連結し、得られた組換えベクターを目的の遺伝子が発現し得るように宿主中に導入することにより可能である。又は相同組換えによってゲノム上の任意の位置に目的の遺伝子又はその一部を挿入することにより可能である。「一部」とは、宿主中に導入された場合に各遺伝子がコードするタンパク質を発現することができる各遺伝子の一部分を指す。本発明において遺伝子には、DNA及びRNAが包含され、好ましくはDNAである。
本発明の反応は、もっとも簡便には、例えば形質転換体をLB培地などの栄養培地で15℃~40℃、望ましくは18℃~37℃の温度で24時間程度培養したのち、通常の炭素源、例えば0.01~50%、望ましくは0.1~30%のグルコースを炭素源とする培地に移殖し、引き続き同様の温度で1時間~200時間程度培養し、その過程で培養液中に1,4-ブタンジオールを蓄積させることにより達せられる。また菌の増殖・反応の進行による炭素源の消費に応じて、連続的あるいは間欠的に炭素源を添加してもよく、この場合の炭素源の反応液中濃度は前記の限りではない。
次に、実施例を説明することにより、本発明をより詳細に説明する。
配列番号10で示される遺伝子配列の上下流に、発現ベクターpET17b(ノバジェン社製)のマルチクローニングサイト中、NdeIサイトの上流側CAT、下流側ATGをそれぞれ含む上流側、下流側15塩基対分に対応する配列をそれぞれ5'末端側、3'末端側に付加した平滑末端断片を常法により調製した。この断片と、pET17b(ノバジェン社製)をNdeI処理した断片とをIn-Fusion HD Cloning Kit(タカラバイオ社製)によりライゲーションし、プラスミドpETBD10を得た。
比較例1と同様の方法により、プラスミドpETBD10-12-14-16-17上の配列番号10、12、14、16、17の各遺伝子を、各工程を触媒する酵素に対応する酵素をコードする、配列番号2、4、6、1、8の遺伝子で部分的に置換したプラスミドで形質転換したJM109(DE3)の形質転換体を得た。
実施例1~3および比較例1と同様にして、まず配列番号11、13、15、16、18で示される遺伝子配列を含むプラスミドpETBD11-13-15-16-18を調製し、これにより大腸菌JM109(DE3)株を形質転換した、大腸菌pETBD11-13-15-16-18/JM109(DE3)を得た。
更に、プラスミドpETBD11-13-15-16-18上の配列番号11、13、15、16、18の各遺伝子を、各工程を触媒する酵素に対応する酵素をコードする、配列番号3、5、7、1、9の遺伝子で部分的に置換したプラスミドで形質転換したJM109(DE3)形質転換体を得た。
(1)アセチルCoAをアセトアセチルCoAに変換する工程、
(2)アセトアセチルCoAを3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程、
(3)3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAをクロトニルCoAに変換する工程、
(4)クロトニルCoAを4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程及び
(5)4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを1,4-ブタンジオールに変換する工程、
を含む、微生物又はその培養物を用いた、酵素反応を利用した1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法において、
特定の遺伝子又はそのホモログを使用することにより、1,4-ブタンジオールを高い生産性で得ることができる。
Claims (3)
- 微生物及び/又はその培養物を用いて、以下の工程を経て、1,4-ブタンジオールを製造する方法であって、
(1)アセチルCoAをアセトアセチルCoAに変換する工程
(2)アセトアセチルCoAを3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程
(3)3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAをクロトニルCoAに変換する工程
(4)クロトニルCoAを4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程
(5)4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを1,4-ブタンジオールに変換する工程
前記微生物は、
前記(4)の工程を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子として、
(a)配列番号1の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号1の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号1の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号1に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
のいずれかの遺伝子を含み、かつ、
前記(1)~(3)、(5)の工程のいずれかを触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子として、
(d)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(e)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列において、1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、元の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(f)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
のいずれか一つ以上の遺伝子を含む、1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。 - 以下の工程を経て、1,4-ブタンジオールを製造する能力を有する微生物であって、
(1)アセチルCoAをアセトアセチルCoAに変換する工程
(2)アセトアセチルCoAを3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程
(3)3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAをクロトニルCoAに変換する工程
(4)クロトニルCoAを4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに変換する工程
(5)4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを1,4-ブタンジオールに変換する工程
前記(4)の工程を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子として、
(a)配列番号1の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(b)配列番号1の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号1の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(c)配列番号1に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
のいずれかの遺伝子を含み、かつ、
前記(1)~(3)、(5)の工程のいずれかを触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子として、
(d)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(e)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列において、1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、元の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子、
(f)配列番号2乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子、
のいずれか一つ以上の遺伝子を含む、微生物。 - 請求項1に記載の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法に用いられる遺伝子であって、下記(a)~(c)のいずれかに記載の遺伝子。
(a)配列番号1乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(b)配列番号1乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列において、1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、元の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(c)配列番号1乃至9のいずれかの塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子
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