WO2014087764A1 - Terminal et système de communication - Google Patents

Terminal et système de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014087764A1
WO2014087764A1 PCT/JP2013/079330 JP2013079330W WO2014087764A1 WO 2014087764 A1 WO2014087764 A1 WO 2014087764A1 JP 2013079330 W JP2013079330 W JP 2013079330W WO 2014087764 A1 WO2014087764 A1 WO 2014087764A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
packet
rate
congestion
terminal
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PCT/JP2013/079330
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一範 小澤
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日本電気株式会社
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2014087764A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014087764A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H04W28/22—Negotiating communication rate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/26—Flow control; Congestion control using explicit feedback to the source, e.g. choke packets
    • H04L47/263—Rate modification at the source after receiving feedback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0289—Congestion control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a terminal such as a portable terminal connected to a network, and more particularly to a terminal used in a communication system that performs congestion control of video, audio, and audio communication using packets.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • circuit switching for voice calls and videophone calls and packet switching for sending data are configured as separate systems.
  • voice call data, videophone data, content distribution data, and so-called data signals flow together on the same packet communication path.
  • data signals application data, document data, photo data, etc.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a packet transfer control device that performs packet transfer rate control.
  • the packet transfer control device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a line congestion state determination unit, a transfer rate control determination unit, and a packet processing unit.
  • the line congestion state determination unit determines whether the backbone line is congested based on the accumulated packet total amount that is the accumulated value of the packet size for a plurality of packets.
  • the transfer rate control determination unit selects one or more IP (Internet Protocol) flows having a hop count value lower than the threshold value.
  • the packet processing unit determines whether the IP flow selected by the transfer rate control determination unit is a TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) packet.
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • the packet processing unit performs the following three types of packet processing. Apply. Specifically, 1) In the case of an outgoing packet from the server, the CE (Consultation Experience) bit of ECN (Explicit Connection Notification) is set in the TCP header. 2) In the case of a reply packet returned from the client, the advertisement window size of the TCP header is reduced and changed. 3) In the case of an acknowledgment (Ack) packet, the transmission timing of the packet to the backbone line is delayed. If it is not a TCP packet, the packet is discarded.
  • JP 2004-320452 A ([0051] to [0057])
  • QCI Quality Class Id
  • S-GW Packet data network Gateway
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • Parameters such as (Maximum Bit Rate) and GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate) are set, and QoS is controlled for each packet.
  • QCI Quality Class Identifier
  • MBR Maximum Bit Rate
  • GBR Guard Bit Rate
  • Patent Document 1 merely discloses a packet transfer control device that selects one or more IP flows having a hop count value lower than a threshold value when the backbone line is congested.
  • Patent Document 1 does not recognize the above-described problem relating to the deterioration of QoE, and does not disclose any specific configuration of a terminal such as a portable terminal.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a terminal capable of avoiding QoE degradation.
  • One aspect of the present invention is a terminal that is connected to a network and transmits / receives a packet storing media data via the network, and detects congestion of the network based on a received downstream packet. And a packet transmission / reception unit that, when the congestion detection unit detects congestion of the network, notifies a counterpart terminal of a request to change the rate of the media data using the reverse direction of the network. It is characterized by providing.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a connection configuration of a communication system to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the mobile terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention used in the communication system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a mobile terminal according to the second embodiment of the present invention used in the communication system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a communication system to which the present invention is applied.
  • a configuration in which the mobile LTE / EPC packet network 150 is used as the network is shown.
  • a packet transfer control device 190 shows a configuration using P-GW (Packet data network Gateway) or S-GW (Serving Gateway) or both.
  • the mobile terminal is assumed to be a so-called Galapagos mobile phone, a smartphone, or a tablet.
  • the communication system of FIG. 1 shows an example in which user A communicates with a partner user (not shown).
  • a partner user not shown.
  • a user A uses a portable terminal 170 to connect to a partner terminal (not shown) via a mobile network 150 and an IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) network 130 via a partner network (not shown). (Not shown) and VoIP (Voice Over IP) voice communication. Note that the same configuration can be adopted for a videophone that exchanges video and audio with a partner terminal, but the description in that case is omitted here.
  • a configuration in which the mobile terminal 170 detects congestion by receiving congestion information by ECN (Explicit Connection Notification) for downlink packets received from the mobile network 150 is shown. .
  • the outdoor LTE radio base station apparatus (eNodeB apparatus) 194 detects a congestion state in the wireless network
  • the mobile terminal 170 is in a congested state by setting a CE (Congestion Experience) bit in the field.
  • CE Consumer Experience
  • the mobile terminal 170 sends out the IP address and RTP (real-time transport protocol) port number of the destination terminal as a voice call connection request, the connection request is sent to the eNodeB device 194 and the packet.
  • the data is transferred to at least one of a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) server 110 and a PCRF (Policy and Charging Rules Function) 191 that are arranged in an IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) network 130 via the transfer control device 190.
  • the mobile terminal 170 adds at least one parameter such as voice call traffic, desired QoS class, MBR (Maximum Bit Rate), GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate) to the connection request, and the packet transfer control device 190. It is also possible to notify at least one of the SIP server 110 and the PCRF device 191 via the route.
  • the SIP server 110 receives a connection request signal for a voice call and sends a connection request to a partner terminal (not shown) via a partner network (not shown).
  • the SIP server 110 transmits the Ack signal to the mobile terminal 170 via the packet transfer control device 190 and the eNodeB device 194.
  • control signals for voice call are exchanged.
  • not only the IP address and RTP port number of the mobile terminal 170 but also at least one of the parameters of voice call traffic, desired QoS class, MBR (Maximum Bit Rate), GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate) from the counterpart terminal. Can be transmitted in addition to the Ack signal.
  • the PCRF device 191 inputs the voice call traffic, the IP address and port number of the mobile terminal 170 from the packet transfer control device 190 for at least one of the upstream and downstream directions. If necessary, the PCRF device 191 also inputs parameters such as a desired QoS class, MBR (Maximum Bit Rate), GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate), etc. from the packet transfer control device 190 as QoS information. Next, the PCRF device 191 generates a QoS parameter for QoS control.
  • MBR Maximum Bit Rate
  • GBR Guard Bit Rate
  • the QoS parameter for QoS control is at least one of QCI (Quality Class Identifier) which is a value for identifying a QoS class, ARP (Allocation and Retention Priority) indicating the priority of resource reservation and retention, MBR, and GBR. is there.
  • QCI Quality Class Identifier
  • ARP Allocation and Retention Priority
  • MBR Resource reservation and retention
  • GBR GBR
  • the MBR and the GBR are used as they are when received from the packet transfer control device 190, and are generated by the PCRF device 191 when there is no reception.
  • the PCRF device 191 generates at least one of these four types of QoS parameters for each of the uplink direction and the downlink direction, and sends the generated QoS parameters to the packet transfer control device 190.
  • QCI 1 (Conversational Voice)
  • the above-described parameter values are used on the assumption that the mobile terminal 170 uses an AMR-NB (Adaptive Multi-Rate Narrowband) audio codec.
  • AMR-NB audio codec for details of the AMR-NB audio codec, for example, the 3GPP TS26.090 standard can be referred to, and the description thereof is omitted here.
  • an AMR-WB Adaptive Multi-Rate Wide band
  • the packet transfer control device 190 relays the control signal from the mobile terminal 170 to the SIP server 110 and relays the control signal and the Ack signal from the SIP server 110 to the mobile terminal 170.
  • the packet transfer control device 190 inputs at least one of four types of QoS parameters, QCI, ARP, MBR, and GBR, for each traffic data from the PCRF device 191.
  • the packet transfer control device 190 receives at least one of the four types of QoS parameters for the uplink direction and the downlink direction of the voice call traffic, and at least one of the four types of QoS parameters for the downlink direction of the download data traffic. , Input from the RCRF device 191, and performs uplink and downlink packet transfer control according to the set value of the QoS parameter.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the mobile terminal 170.
  • the counterpart terminal also has the same configuration as that shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
  • the portable terminal 170 includes a packet receiver 250, a packet transmitter 251, a voice decoder 253, a rate setting unit 254, a congestion detector 255, and a voice encoder 256.
  • the packet receiving unit 250 first receives a downlink packet transmitted from the eNodeB apparatus 194 in FIG. Then, the packet receiving unit 250 extracts information on the IP header portion, information on the payload header portion, and payload data from the received packet. The packet receiving unit 250 sends the information of the IP header part to the congestion detection unit 255, sends the information of the payload header part to the rate setting unit 254, and sends the payload data to the audio decoder 253.
  • the congestion detection unit 255 inputs the information of the IP header portion of the downstream packet, and checks the ECN (Explicit Connection Notification) field of the IP header portion. When the CE bit is set in the ECN field, the congestion detection unit 255 indicates that the downlink network from the eNodeB device 194 to the portable terminal 170 or the downlink network from the packet transfer control device 190 to the portable terminal 170 is congested. It detects that there is, and sends down congestion detection information to the rate setting unit 254.
  • the rate setting unit 254 sets the changed rate in order to change the rate of the speech encoder of the counterpart terminal. Specifically, when the rate setting before the rate change is 12.2 kbps, the rate setting unit 254 changes the rate to 6.7 kbps after detecting congestion. Then, in order to request the changed rate from the counterpart terminal using an uplink packet that is the reverse direction, the rate setting unit 254 sets the rate after the change in the CMR (Codec Mode Request) field of the payload header of the uplink packet. To the packet transmission unit 251. Further, the rate setting unit 254 inputs the payload header information extracted from the downstream packet in the packet receiving unit 250 from the packet receiving unit 250, and checks the CMR field in the payload header information.
  • CMR Codec Mode Request
  • the rate setting unit 254 changes the rate to the changed value designated in the CMR field, and sends the changed rate to the speech encoder 256.
  • the audio decoder 253 inputs the payload data from the packet receiving unit 250, operates the audio decoder, inputs the audio compression-encoded bitstream included in the payload data, decodes it, and reproduces it by decoding Output audio signals.
  • an AMR-NB decoder is used as the audio decoder.
  • the voice encoder 256 inputs the changed rate from the rate setting unit 254, and inputs the rate based on the changed rate when the rate is changed, or based on the previous rate when the rate is not changed.
  • a bit stream obtained by compressing and encoding the audio signal is sent to the packet transmission unit 251.
  • an AMR-NB encoder is used as the speech encoder.
  • the packet transmission unit 251 stores the compressed and encoded bit stream input from the audio encoder 256 in the payload portion of the transmission packet. Further, in order to request the changed rate from the counterpart terminal, the packet transmission unit 251 sets the changed rate value input from the rate setting unit 254 in the CMR field of the payload header portion of the transmission packet. The packet is sent to the eNodeB device 194.
  • the RTP / UDP / IP packet is used as the protocol of the transmission packet.
  • the description of the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention has been completed above, various modifications are possible.
  • the configuration in which the packet CMR field is used as a request to change the rate to the counterpart terminal has been described.
  • an RTCP RTP Control Protocol
  • an RTCP-APP APPLICATION SPECIFIC
  • Packets can be used to describe rate values, rate change values, or CMR values.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • SDP Session Description Protocol
  • the audio codec in addition to AMR-NB, AMR-WB and other audio codecs operating at a plurality of bit rates can be used.
  • AMR-NB AMR-WB
  • other audio codecs operating at a plurality of bit rates
  • congestion detection uses ECN information, but other information can also be used.
  • the mobile network 150 may be a 3G network
  • the packet transfer control device 190 may be an SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) or a GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node).
  • the portable terminal 170 can be realized by a program executed by a computer. That is, the mobile terminal 170 may be configured by a packet transmission / reception control processor (not shown) and a storage device (not shown). The storage device stores a packet transmission / reception control program. In this case, the packet transmission / reception control processor performs the above-described packet transmission / reception control operation according to the packet transmission / reception control program stored in the storage device.
  • a request to change the rate of at least one of video, audio, and audio is sent to the opposite terminal in the reverse direction of the network. Can be notified using.
  • QoE Quality of Experience
  • FIG. 3 shows a configuration in which portable terminal 170A estimates a network bandwidth and calculates a rate to be changed based on the estimated value when congestion is detected.
  • the constituent elements having the same numbers as those in FIG. 2 perform the same operations as in FIG.
  • the mobile terminal 170A has the same configuration as the mobile terminal 170 shown in FIG. 2 except that a band estimation unit 257 is added and the operation of the rate setting unit is changed as will be described later. Therefore, the reference numeral 258 is attached to the rate setting unit.
  • the bandwidth estimation unit 257 is the nth immediately after the congestion detection in the packet reception unit 250 according to the following equation (1).
  • T (n) R (n) ⁇ S (n) (1)
  • T (n), R (n), and S (n) indicate the delay time of the nth packet, the reception time of the nth packet, and the transmission time of the nth packet, respectively.
  • the bandwidth estimation unit 257 measures delay values for a plurality of subsequent consecutive packets, smooths them in the time direction, and then obtains the bandwidth W of the downstream network from the following equation (2). Is estimated.
  • W D / ST (2)
  • W is the estimated bandwidth of the network
  • D is the time smoothed value of the received data size
  • ST is the time smoothed value of the delay time.
  • the bandwidth estimation unit 257 sends the estimated bandwidth W to the rate setting unit 258.
  • the rate setting unit 258 sets the changed rate in order to change the rate of the speech encoder of the counterpart terminal.
  • the rate setting unit 258 receives the bandwidth estimation value W of the downstream network from the bandwidth estimation unit 257, and the following equation (3) is selected from a plurality of rates supported by the voice codec. Select a rate that satisfies, and set this to the new rate.
  • B (i) is the i-th rate among the N types of rates supported by the audio codec, and 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N.
  • N is 8 for the AMR-NB audio codec and 9 for the AMR-WB audio codec.
  • the rate setting unit 258 selects the higher bit rate. Accordingly, here, the rate setting unit 258 selects 6.7 kbps. Then, in order to request the changed rate from the counterpart terminal using an uplink packet that is the reverse direction, the rate setting unit 258 sets the rate after the change in the CMR (Codec Mode Request) field of the payload header of the uplink packet.
  • the rate setting unit 258 inputs the payload header information extracted from the downlink packet in the packet receiving unit 250 from the packet receiving unit 250, and checks the CMR field in the payload header information. If the rate specified in the CMR field has been changed, a rate change request has been made to the voice encoder of the portable terminal 170A via the downstream packet from the counterpart terminal. The unit 258 changes the rate to the changed value specified in the CMR field, and sends the changed rate to the speech encoder 256.
  • an RTCP RTP Control Protocol
  • RTCP-APP APPLICATION SPECIFIC
  • Packets can be used to describe rate values, rate change values, or CMR values.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • SDP Session Description Protocol
  • SDP Session Description Protocol
  • it can also be included in the parameters of the mode set, for example.
  • the audio codec in addition to AMR-NB, AMR-WB and other audio codecs operating at a plurality of bit rates can be used. Also, other methods can be used for the band estimation method and the rate changing method.
  • the mobile network 150 may be a 3G network
  • the packet transfer control device 190 may be an SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) or a GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node).
  • an IP network such as NGN (Next Generation Network) can be used instead of the 3G network.
  • a W-LAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • the portable terminal 170A can be realized by a program executed by a computer. That is, the mobile terminal 170A may be composed of a packet transmission / reception control processor (not shown) and a storage device (not shown).
  • the storage device stores a packet transmission / reception control program.
  • the packet transmission / reception control processor performs the above-described packet transmission / reception control operation according to the packet transmission / reception control program stored in the storage device.
  • the congestion detection unit extracts the congestion information by checking an ECN (Explicit Connection Notification) field of an IP (Internet Protocol) header portion of the downstream packet, wherein the congestion information is extracted.
  • Terminal. (Appendix 4)
  • the request for changing the rate includes SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) / SDP (Session Description Protocol), CMR (Codec Mode Protocol), RTCP (RTP Control Protocol), and RTCP-APP (RTP Protocol Control).
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • SDP Session Description Protocol
  • CMR Codec Mode Protocol
  • RTCP RTP Control Protocol
  • RTCP-APP RTP Protocol Control
  • (Appendix 5) The packet transmitter / receiver When the congestion detection unit detects congestion of the network, a bandwidth estimation unit that estimates a bandwidth of the network based on the received downstream packet; A rate setting unit that calculates a rate to be changed based on the estimated network bandwidth; Based on the calculated rate, a packet transmitter that sends a request to change the rate to the counterpart terminal;
  • (Appendix 6) The terminal according to any one of appendices 1 to 5, wherein the media data includes at least one of video data, audio data, and audio data.
  • (Appendix 7) A communication system including the terminal according to any one of supplementary notes 1 to 6 and a packet transfer control device connected to the terminal via the network.
  • the packet transmission / reception control method according to claim 9, wherein the congestion detection step extracts the congestion information by checking an ECN (Explicit Connection Notification) field of an IP (Internet Protocol) header portion of the downlink packet. .
  • the request for changing the rate includes SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) / SDP (Session Description Protocol), CMR (Codec Mode Protocol), RTCP (RTP Control Protocol), and RTCP-APP (RTP Protocol Control).
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • SDP Session Description Protocol
  • CMR Codec Mode Protocol
  • RTCP RTP Control Protocol
  • RTCP-APP RTCP-APP
  • the packet transmission / reception step includes: A bandwidth estimation step of estimating the bandwidth of the network based on the received downstream packet when congestion of the network is detected; A rate calculating step for calculating a rate to be changed based on the estimated network bandwidth; A sending step of sending a request to change the rate to the counterpart terminal based on the calculated rate;
  • the packet transmission / reception control method according to any one of appendices 8 to 11 including: (Appendix 13) The packet transmission / reception control method according to any one of appendices 8 to 12, wherein the media data includes at least one of video data, audio data, and audio data.
  • a computer-readable recording medium that records a packet transmission / reception control program that causes a computer that is a terminal connected to a network to transmit and receive packets storing media data via the network, the packet transmission / reception control program comprising: On the computer, A congestion detection procedure for detecting congestion of the network based on the received downstream packet; A packet transmission / reception procedure for notifying a counterpart terminal of a request to change the rate of the media data using the reverse direction of the network when congestion of the network is detected; Recording medium that executes
  • SYMBOLS 110 SIP server 130 IMS network 150 Mobile network 170, 170A Portable terminal 190 Packet transfer control device 191 PCRF device 194 eNodeB device 250 Packet reception unit 251 Packet transmission unit 253 Speech decoder 254 Rate setting unit 255 Congestion detection unit 256 Speech encoder 257 Band estimation Part 258 Rate Setting Part

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, de façon à empêcher toute détérioration de la qualité d'expérience (QoE), le terminal, qui est connecté à un réseau et qui transmet et reçoit des paquets contenant des données multimédias sur ledit réseau, est pourvu des éléments suivants : d'une unité de détection de congestion qui détecte une congestion de réseau sur la base de paquets de liaison descendante reçus ; d'une unité de transmission/réception de paquet qui, si l'unité de détection de congestion a détecté une congestion de réseau, utilise la direction inverse du réseau pour envoyer à un terminal opposé une requête pour changer le débit des données multimédias susmentionnées.
PCT/JP2013/079330 2012-12-03 2013-10-23 Terminal et système de communication WO2014087764A1 (fr)

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JP2012-263956 2012-12-03
JP2012263956 2012-12-03

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021082953A (ja) * 2019-11-19 2021-05-27 アイコム株式会社 音声通信システム、音声通信方法、および、音声通信プログラム

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10336626A (ja) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-18 Nec Software Ltd 映像データの転送方法および転送装置
WO2002025878A1 (fr) * 2000-09-22 2002-03-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Procede de transmission/reception de donnees, dispositif de transmission, dispositif de reception, systeme de transmission/reception et programme
JP2010533419A (ja) * 2007-07-09 2010-10-21 テレフオンアクチーボラゲット エル エム エリクソン（パブル） 通信システムにおける適応レート制御
US20110170410A1 (en) * 2010-01-11 2011-07-14 Research In Motion Limited Explicit congestion notification based rate adaptation using binary marking in communication systems

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10336626A (ja) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-18 Nec Software Ltd 映像データの転送方法および転送装置
WO2002025878A1 (fr) * 2000-09-22 2002-03-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Procede de transmission/reception de donnees, dispositif de transmission, dispositif de reception, systeme de transmission/reception et programme
JP2010533419A (ja) * 2007-07-09 2010-10-21 テレフオンアクチーボラゲット エル エム エリクソン（パブル） 通信システムにおける適応レート制御
US20110170410A1 (en) * 2010-01-11 2011-07-14 Research In Motion Limited Explicit congestion notification based rate adaptation using binary marking in communication systems

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021082953A (ja) * 2019-11-19 2021-05-27 アイコム株式会社 音声通信システム、音声通信方法、および、音声通信プログラム
WO2021100258A1 (fr) * 2019-11-19 2021-05-27 アイコム株式会社 Système, procédé et programme de communication vocale
JP7332890B2 (ja) 2019-11-19 2023-08-24 アイコム株式会社 音声通信システム、音声通信方法、および、音声通信プログラム
US11924369B2 (en) 2019-11-19 2024-03-05 Icom Incorporated Voice communication system, voice communication method, and voice communication program

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