WO2014087765A1 - Terminal et système de communication - Google Patents

Terminal et système de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014087765A1
WO2014087765A1 PCT/JP2013/079331 JP2013079331W WO2014087765A1 WO 2014087765 A1 WO2014087765 A1 WO 2014087765A1 JP 2013079331 W JP2013079331 W JP 2013079331W WO 2014087765 A1 WO2014087765 A1 WO 2014087765A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
packet
content
congestion
content server
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Application number
PCT/JP2013/079331
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一範 小澤
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日本電気株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2014087765A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014087765A1/fr

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/11Identifying congestion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/36Flow control; Congestion control by determining packet size, e.g. maximum transfer unit [MTU]
    • H04L47/365Dynamic adaptation of the packet size
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H04W28/22Negotiating communication rate

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a terminal such as a portable terminal connected to a network, and more particularly to a terminal used for a communication system that performs congestion control of video / audio / audio communication and content distribution data by a packet.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • circuit switching for voice calls and videophone calls and packet switching for sending data are configured as separate systems.
  • voice call data, videophone data, content distribution data, and so-called data signals flow together on the same packet communication path.
  • data signals application data, document data, photo data, etc.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a packet transfer control device that performs packet transfer rate control.
  • the packet transfer control device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a line congestion state determination unit, a transfer rate control determination unit, and a packet processing unit.
  • the line congestion state determination unit determines whether the backbone line is congested based on the accumulated packet total amount that is the accumulated value of the packet size for a plurality of packets.
  • the transfer rate control determination unit selects one or more IP (Internet Protocol) flows having a hop count value lower than the threshold value.
  • the packet processing unit determines whether the IP flow selected by the transfer rate control determination unit is a TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) packet.
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • the packet processing unit performs the following three types of packet processing. Apply. Specifically, 1) In the case of an outgoing packet from the server, the CE (Consultation Experience) bit of ECN (Explicit Connection Notification) is set in the TCP header. 2) In the case of a reply packet returned from the client, the advertisement window size of the TCP header is reduced and changed. 3) In the case of an acknowledgment (Ack) packet, the transmission timing of the packet to the backbone line is delayed. If it is not a TCP packet, the packet is discarded.
  • JP 2004-320452 A ([0051] to [0057])
  • QCI Quality Class Id
  • S-GW Packet data network Gateway
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • Parameters such as (Maximum Bit Rate) and GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate) are set, and QoS is controlled for each packet.
  • Patent Document 1 merely discloses a packet transfer control device that selects one or more IP flows having a hop count value lower than a threshold value when the backbone line is congested.
  • Patent Document 1 does not recognize the above-described problem relating to the deterioration of QoE, and does not disclose any specific configuration of a terminal such as a mobile terminal.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a terminal capable of avoiding QoE degradation.
  • a first aspect of the present invention is a terminal connected to a network and receiving requested content from a content server via the network, and a content file or a content stream corresponding to the requested content is transmitted from the content server via the network.
  • a packet reception unit that receives the packet as a packet, a congestion detection unit that detects network congestion based on the packet received by the packet reception unit, and a network server that detects congestion of the network when the congestion detection unit detects network congestion.
  • a packet transmission control unit for notifying a request to change the file size of the content using the reverse direction of the network.
  • a second aspect of the present invention is a terminal that is connected to a network and receives requested content from a content server via the network.
  • a content file or a content stream corresponding to the requested content is transmitted from the content server via the network.
  • a packet receiving unit that receives the packet, a congestion detection unit that detects network congestion based on the packet received by the packet receiving unit, and a network server that detects congestion of the network when the congestion detection unit detects network congestion.
  • a packet transmission control unit for notifying a request for changing the content rate by using a reverse direction of the network.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a connection configuration of a communication system to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the mobile terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention used in the communication system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a mobile terminal according to the second embodiment of the present invention used in the communication system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a communication system to which the present invention is applied.
  • a configuration in which the mobile LTE / EPC packet network 150 is used as the network is shown.
  • a packet transfer control device 190 shows a configuration using P-GW (Packet data network Gateway) or S-GW (Serving Gateway) or both.
  • the mobile terminal is assumed to be a so-called Galapagos mobile phone, a smartphone, or a tablet.
  • a user requests content from the content server 145 of the Internet network 140, and the content server 145 distributes the requested content to the mobile terminal 170 via the mobile network 150.
  • the mobile terminal 170 detects congestion by receiving congestion information by ECN (Explicit Connection Notification) for downlink packets received from the mobile network 150 is shown. .
  • ECN express Connection Notification
  • the outdoor LTE radio base station apparatus (eNodeB apparatus) 194 detects a congestion state in the wireless network
  • the mobile terminal 170 is in a congested state by setting a CE (Congestion Experience) bit in the field.
  • the request message is The eNodeB device 194 and the packet transfer control device 190 are transferred to the content server 145 on the Internet 140.
  • the HTTP (hyper transfer protocol) / TCP (transmission control protocol) protocol is used for the request message.
  • the PCRF device 191 inputs the IP address and port number of the mobile terminal 170 from the packet transfer control device 190 in at least one of the upstream and downstream directions. If necessary, the PCRF device 191 also inputs parameters such as a desired QoS class, MBR (Maximum Bit Rate), GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate), etc. from the packet transfer control device 190 as QoS information. Next, the PCRF device 191 generates a QoS parameter for QoS control.
  • MBR Maximum Bit Rate
  • GBR Guard Bit Rate
  • the QoS parameter for QoS control is at least one of QCI (Quality Class Identifier) which is a value for identifying a QoS class, ARP (Allocation and Retention Priority) indicating the priority of resource reservation and retention, MBR, and GBR. is there.
  • QCI Quality Class Identifier
  • ARP Allocation and Retention Priority
  • MBR Resource reservation and retention
  • GBR GBR
  • the MBR and the GBR are used as they are when received from the packet transfer control device 190, and are generated by the PCRF device 191 when there is no reception.
  • the PCRF device 191 generates at least one of these four types of QoS parameters for each of the uplink direction and the downlink direction, and sends them to the packet transfer control device 190.
  • the packet transfer control device 190 inputs at least one of four types of QoS parameters, QCI, ARP, MBR, and GBR, for each traffic data from the PCRF device 191. That is, the packet transfer control device 190 receives at least one of four types of QoS parameters for the content distribution traffic in the downlink direction from the RCRF device 191 and performs packet transfer control according to the set value of the QoS parameters.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the mobile terminal 170.
  • the mobile terminal 170 includes a packet receiving unit 250, a packet transmitting unit 251, a video / audio / audio decoder 253, a rate setting unit 254, and a congestion detection unit 255.
  • the packet receiving unit 250 first receives a downlink packet transmitted from the eNodeB apparatus 194 in FIG. Then, the packet receiving unit 250 extracts information on the IP header portion and payload data from the received packet.
  • the packet receiving unit 250 sends information in the IP header part to the congestion detection unit 255 and sends payload data to the video / audio / audio decoder 253.
  • an RTP / UDP (user datagram protocol) / IP packet is used as the protocol of the received packet.
  • the congestion detection unit 255 inputs the information of the IP header portion of the downstream packet, and checks the ECN (Explicit Connection Notification) field of the IP header portion. When the CE bit is set in the ECN field, the congestion detection unit 255 indicates that the downlink network from the eNodeB device 194 to the portable terminal 170 or the downlink network from the packet transfer control device 190 to the portable terminal 170 is congested.
  • the rate setting unit 254 changes the setting of the requested content rate. For example, when content with a bit rate of 1 Mbps at the maximum is requested before the congestion, the rate setting unit 254 changes the bit rate to 512 kbps at the maximum after the congestion, and sets the changed rate (bit rate).
  • the packet is transmitted to the packet transmission unit 251.
  • the video / audio / audio decoder 253 inputs payload data from the packet receiving unit 250, operates the video / audio / audio decoder, and inputs a video / audio / audio compression-encoded bitstream included in the payload data.
  • the packet transmitting unit 251 receives the changed rate value from the rate setting unit 254, sets the packet in the reverse direction, that is, in the upstream direction, and then transmits the packet.
  • HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
  • a file name having a desired file size can be specified in the HTTP message.
  • the packet in which these are written in the HTTP message reaches the content server 145 of FIG. 1 via the eNodeB device 194 and the packet transfer control device 190 as an upstream network.
  • the combination of the rate setting unit 254 and the packet transmission unit 251 makes a request to the content server 145 to change the content file size or a request to change the content rate when the congestion of the network 150 is detected. It functions as a packet transmission control unit that notifies using the reverse direction of the network 150.
  • the content server 145 in FIG. 1 identifies the bit rate, bandwidth, or file name in the HTTP message sent from the mobile terminal 170, reads the content at the changed rate, and distributes the content to the mobile terminal 170.
  • an HTTP message is used as a request to change the rate to the content server 145.
  • an RTCP RTP Control Protocol
  • an RTCP-APP APPLICATION SPECIFIC
  • the rate change value and file name can also be written in these.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • SDP Session Description Protocol
  • RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol
  • SDP can be used as a request to change the rate to the content server 145.
  • congestion detection uses ECN information, but other information can also be used.
  • the mobile network 150 may be a 3G network, and the packet transfer control device 190 may be an SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) or a GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node).
  • an IP network such as NGN (Next Generation Network) can be used instead of the 3G network.
  • NGN Next Generation Network
  • a W-LAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • the portable terminal 170 can be realized by a program executed by a computer. That is, the mobile terminal 170 may be configured by a packet transmission / reception control processor (not shown) and a storage device (not shown).
  • the storage device stores a packet transmission / reception control program.
  • the packet transmission / reception control processor performs the above-described packet transmission / reception control operation according to the packet transmission / reception control program stored in the storage device.
  • FIG. 3 shows a configuration in which portable terminal 170A estimates a network bandwidth and calculates a rate to be changed based on the estimated value when congestion is detected.
  • the constituent elements having the same numbers as those in FIG. 2 perform the same operations as in FIG.
  • the mobile terminal 170A has the same configuration as the mobile terminal 170 shown in FIG.
  • the bandwidth estimation unit 257 is the nth immediately after the congestion detection in the packet reception unit 250 according to the following equation (1).
  • T (n) R (n) ⁇ S (n) (1)
  • T (n), R (n), and S (n) indicate the delay time of the nth packet, the reception time of the nth packet, and the transmission time of the nth packet, respectively. .
  • W is the estimated bandwidth of the network
  • D is the time smoothed value of the received data size
  • ST is the time smoothed value of the delay time.
  • the band estimation unit 257 outputs the estimated band W to the rate setting unit 258.
  • the rate setting unit 258 sets the changed rate in order to change the content rate.
  • the content server 145 supports a plurality of different bit rate files for the same content.
  • the rate setting unit 254 receives the bandwidth estimation value W of the downstream network from the bandwidth estimation unit 257, and from the plurality of rates supported by the requested content, A rate satisfying equation (3) is selected and set to the changed rate.
  • B (i) is the i-th rate among the N types of rates supported by the requested content, and 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N.
  • N is the number of bit rates supported by the requested content, and is set to 5, for example.
  • the rate setting unit 254 selects a higher bit rate.
  • the rate setting unit 258 selects 512 kbps and sends it to the packet transmission unit 251. Therefore, the combination of the bandwidth estimation unit 257, the rate setting unit 258, and the packet transmission unit 251 changes the request for changing the file size of the content to the content server 145 or the content rate when the congestion of the network 150 is detected. It functions as a packet transmission control unit that notifies a request to be made using the reverse direction of the network 150. This is the end of the description of the configuration of the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, but various modifications are possible. In the second embodiment, the HTTP message is used as a request to change the rate to the content server 145.
  • an RTCP RTP Control Protocol
  • RTCP-APP APPLICATION SPECIFIC
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • SDP Session Description Protocol
  • RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol
  • SDP can be used as a request to change the rate to the content server 145.
  • ECN information is used to detect congestion, but other information can also be used.
  • the mobile network 150 may be a 3G network
  • the packet transfer control device 190 may be an SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) or a GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node).
  • an IP network such as NGN (Next Generation Network) can be used instead of the 3G network.
  • a W-LAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • the portable terminal 170A can be realized by a program executed by a computer. That is, the mobile terminal 170A may be composed of a packet transmission / reception control processor (not shown) and a storage device (not shown). The storage device stores a packet transmission / reception control program.
  • the packet transmission / reception control processor performs the above-described packet transmission / reception control operation according to the packet transmission / reception control program stored in the storage device.
  • effects of the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention when network congestion is detected at a terminal, a request to change the file size of the requested content or a request to change the content rate is sent to the content server. It is possible to notify using the direction. As a result, it is possible to avoid a congestion state, and there is an effect that it is possible to avoid deterioration of QoE (Quality of Experience) such as the sound being interrupted and the screen being frozen at the terminal.
  • QoE Quality of Experience
  • (Appendix 1) A terminal connected to the network and receiving the requested content from the content server via the network; A packet receiving unit that receives a content file or a content stream for the requested content as a packet from the content server via the network; A congestion detector that detects congestion of the network based on the packet received by the packet receiver; A packet transmission control unit for notifying the content server of a request to change the file size of the content using the reverse direction of the network when the congestion detection unit detects congestion of the network; A terminal comprising: (Appendix 2) The terminal according to appendix 1, wherein the congestion detection unit extracts congestion information from the received packet and detects congestion of the network.
  • the request to change the file size of the content is HTTP (hyper transfer protocol), RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol) / SDP (Session Description Protocol RTP (SIP) (Session Initiation Protocol DTP / STP
  • HTTP hyper transfer protocol
  • RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol
  • SDP Session Description Protocol RTP (SIP)
  • Session Initiation Protocol DTP / STP The terminal according to any one of appendices 1 to 3, wherein any one selected from the group of Control Protocol (RTP) and RTCP-APP (RTP Control Protocol-APPlication specific) is used.
  • the packet transmission control unit A bandwidth estimation unit that estimates a bandwidth of the network based on the received packet when the congestion detection unit detects congestion of the network; A rate setting unit that calculates a file size to be changed based on the estimated bandwidth; A packet transmission unit for notifying the content server of a request to change the file size of the content based on the calculated file size;
  • the terminal according to any one of supplementary notes 1 to 4, further comprising: (Appendix 6)
  • a communication system comprising: the terminal according to any one of appendices 1 to 5, the content server, and a packet transfer control device that transfers the packet between the terminal and the content server via the network. .
  • (Appendix 7) A terminal connected to the network and receiving the requested content from the content server via the network; A packet receiving unit that receives a content file or a content stream for the requested content as a packet from the content server via the network; A congestion detector that detects congestion of the network based on the packet received by the packet receiver; A packet transmission control unit for notifying the content server of a request to change the content rate using the reverse direction of the network when the congestion detection unit detects congestion of the network; A terminal comprising: (Appendix 8) The terminal according to appendix 7, wherein the congestion detection unit extracts congestion information from the received packet and detects congestion of the network.
  • the packet transmission control unit A bandwidth estimation unit that estimates a bandwidth of the network based on the received packet when the congestion detection unit detects congestion of the network; A rate setting unit that calculates a rate to be changed based on the estimated bandwidth; A packet transmission unit for notifying the content server of a request to change the content rate based on the calculated rate;
  • a communication system comprising: the terminal according to any one of appendices 7 to 11, the content server, and a packet transfer control device that transfers the packet between the terminal and the content server via the network. .
  • the packet transmission / reception control method extracts the congestion information by checking an ECN (Explicit Connection Notification) field in an IP (Internet protocol) header portion of the received packet.
  • the request to change the file size of the content is HTTP (hyper transfer protocol), RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol) / SDP (Session Description Protocol RTP (SIP) (Session Initiation Protocol DTP / STP
  • the packet transmission / reception control method according to any one of appendices 13 to 15, using any one selected from the group of Control Protocol) and RTCP-APP (RTP Control Protocol-APPspecific).
  • the packet transmission control step includes: A bandwidth estimation step of estimating the bandwidth of the network based on the received packet when congestion of the network is detected; A rate setting step for calculating a file size to be changed based on the estimated bandwidth; A packet transmission step of notifying the content server of a request to change the file size of the content based on the calculated file size;
  • the packet transmission / reception control method according to any one of supplementary notes 13 to 16, including: (Appendix 18) A packet transmission / reception control method in a terminal connected to a network and receiving requested content from a content server via the network, A packet receiving step of receiving a content file or a content stream for the requested content as a packet from the content server via the network; A congestion detection step of detecting congestion of the network based on the received packet; A packet transmission control step for notifying the content server of a request to change the content rate using the reverse direction of the network when congestion of the network is detected; Packet transmission / reception control method including (Appendix 19) 19.
  • the packet transmission / reception control method according to appendix 18, wherein the congestion detection step detects congestion of the network by extracting congestion information from the received packet.
  • (Appendix 21) The request to change the content rate is HTTP (hyper transfer protocol), RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol) / SDP (Session Description Protocol R (Protocol Protocol), SIP (Session Initiation Protocol R) (CTP). 21.
  • the packet transmission / reception control method includes: A bandwidth estimation step of estimating the bandwidth of the network based on the received packet when congestion of the network is detected; A rate setting step for calculating a rate to be changed based on the estimated bandwidth; A packet transmission step of notifying the content server of a request to change the content rate based on the calculated rate;
  • the packet transmission / reception control method according to any one of appendices 18 to 21, comprising:
  • (Appendix 23) A computer-readable recording medium recording a packet transmission / reception control program that causes a computer that is a terminal connected to a network to receive requested content from a content server via the network, the packet transmission / reception control program comprising: On the computer, A packet reception procedure for receiving a content file or a content stream for the requested content as a packet from the content server via the network; A congestion detection procedure for

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, de façon à empêcher toute détérioration de la qualité d'expérience (QoE), le terminal, qui est connecté à un réseau et qui reçoit un contenu demandé d'un serveur de contenu par l'intermédiaire dudit réseau, est pourvu des éléments suivants : d'une unité de réception de paquet qui reçoit, du serveur de contenu, par l'intermédiaire du réseau, des paquets constituant un fichier de contenu ou un flux de contenu correspondant au contenu demandé ; d'une unité de détection de congestion qui détecte une congestion de réseau sur la base des paquets reçus ; d'une unité de commande de transmission de paquet qui, si une congestion de réseau a été détectée, utilise la direction inverse du réseau pour envoyer au serveur de contenu une requête pour changer la taille du fichier du contenu ou une requête pour changer le débit du contenu.
PCT/JP2013/079331 2012-12-03 2013-10-23 Terminal et système de communication WO2014087765A1 (fr)

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JP2012263957 2012-12-03

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015192311A1 (fr) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson(Publ) Création de rapport de qualité d'expérience de réception de contenu numérique

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0856237A (ja) * 1994-08-10 1996-02-27 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> パケット網の輻輳防止方法および該方法を用いた通信システム
JPH10336626A (ja) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-18 Nec Software Ltd 映像データの転送方法および転送装置
JP2007274066A (ja) * 2006-03-30 2007-10-18 Victor Co Of Japan Ltd コンテンツ配信システム
JP2010258850A (ja) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-11 Panasonic Corp 映像伝送システム及び映像伝送方法

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JPH0856237A (ja) * 1994-08-10 1996-02-27 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> パケット網の輻輳防止方法および該方法を用いた通信システム
JPH10336626A (ja) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-18 Nec Software Ltd 映像データの転送方法および転送装置
JP2007274066A (ja) * 2006-03-30 2007-10-18 Victor Co Of Japan Ltd コンテンツ配信システム
JP2010258850A (ja) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-11 Panasonic Corp 映像伝送システム及び映像伝送方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015192311A1 (fr) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson(Publ) Création de rapport de qualité d'expérience de réception de contenu numérique

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