WO2014086129A1 - 冷等离子体种子处理设备 - Google Patents

冷等离子体种子处理设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014086129A1
WO2014086129A1 PCT/CN2013/073333 CN2013073333W WO2014086129A1 WO 2014086129 A1 WO2014086129 A1 WO 2014086129A1 CN 2013073333 W CN2013073333 W CN 2013073333W WO 2014086129 A1 WO2014086129 A1 WO 2014086129A1
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Prior art keywords
hopper
discharge
feeding
vacuum
valve
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PCT/CN2013/073333
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董元华
邵汉良
缪琴
钱海波
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中国科学院南京土壤研究所
常州中科常泰等离子体科技有限公司
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Application filed by 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 常州中科常泰等离子体科技有限公司 filed Critical 中国科学院南京土壤研究所
Priority to US14/649,295 priority Critical patent/US9867326B2/en
Publication of WO2014086129A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014086129A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08—Immunising seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • B01J2219/0845—Details relating to the type of discharge
    • B01J2219/0847—Glow discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0869—Feeding or evacuating the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
    • B01J2219/0879—Solid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0894—Processes carried out in the presence of a plasma
    • B01J2219/0896—Cold plasma
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
    • H05H1/4645—Radiofrequency discharges
    • H05H1/466—Radiofrequency discharges using capacitive coupling means, e.g. electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H2240/00—Testing
    • H05H2240/20—Non-thermal plasma

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of cold plasma seed treatment, in particular to a cold plasma seed treatment device.
  • Plasma seed activation treatment and its application were first started in Russia.
  • the Russian National Institute of Physics first developed plasma seed treatment equipment for vegetable seed treatment, improved emergence and increased yield.
  • the United States, Canada and other studies use plasma to disinfect crop seeds to reduce the occurrence of crop diseases. Ukraine, Israel, South Korea, and Japan have also begun research and application of plasma treatment of seeds.
  • the Dryland Agricultural Research Center of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences has carried out research on plasma seed treatment technology since 1997, which confirms the stimulation effect and application prospect of plasma seed activation.
  • Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences and other research units have also carried out research on the biological effects and agronomic effects of plasma treatment of various seeds.
  • the germination rate and germination potential increased by 5-18%, the root system was developed, the incidence rate was reduced, the drought resistance was enhanced, and the grain crop increased. -40%, vegetable yield increased by 15-50%.
  • the invention patent CN1383710A And utility model patent CN2473865Y discloses a vertical electromagnetic field plasma processor, in which a glass tube filled with mercury vapor is a plasma generator, and then connected to an electromagnetic chamber.
  • the invention patent CN1373983A discloses a method for treating different crop seeds by using a utility model patent CN2473865Y, including parameters such as treatment dose, number of treatments and suitable seeding period.
  • CN1363206A discloses a horizontal horizontal plasma seed processor and a processing method thereof, which use induction discharge and capacitor discharge, combined with a certain degree of vacuum to generate plasma, seeds in low pressure, electric field, magnetic field, ion, electron, glow Activation treatment is obtained under combined action.
  • the invention patent CN1500380A in 2004 discloses a static body cavity plasma seed treatment device which uses a high pressure discharge needle to generate a tip discharge to ionize the gas and generate a plasma.
  • the invention patent CN101669416A discloses a method and apparatus for treating plant seeds by plasma, which generates a cold plasma by atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge, which is generated in the air without a vacuum environment.
  • the inadequacy of the above invention patent or utility model patent is that the seed treatment efficiency is low, and large-scale seed treatment is difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to create large-scale cold plasma equipment to meet the large-scale production needs of food crops.
  • An apparatus for processing plant seeds in large quantities using cold plasma generated by glow discharge in a low vacuum state is provided.
  • a cold plasma seed processing apparatus includes a vacuum device and a discharge device and a transfer device disposed in the vacuum device.
  • the vacuum device is provided with a cylinder feed port and a barrel discharge port, and is characterized in that: a feeding device and a discharging device, the feeding device comprising a first feeding hopper and a second feeding hopper, wherein the first feeding hopper and the second feeding hopper are respectively provided with a feeding cover and a feeding a hopper bleed valve, a feed hopper discharge port, and a feed hopper vacuum butterfly valve, the first feed hopper feed hopper discharge port, the second feed hopper feed hopper discharge port, and the cylinder
  • the body feed port is respectively connected to a nozzle of a first three-way pipe through a feed hopper butterfly valve;
  • the discharging device comprises a first discharge hopper and a second discharge hopper, the first discharge hopper and the first
  • the two discharge hoppers are respectively provided with a discharge hopper inlet, a discharge hopper discharge port,
  • the conveying device comprises an insulating bracket, a driving roller, a driven roller, a pressing roller and a conveyor belt.
  • the driving roller and the driven roller are respectively disposed at two ends of the insulating bracket through a bearing, and the conveyor belt is disposed on the driving roller and the driven roller.
  • the pressure roller is also disposed at one end of the insulating bracket through the bearing, and the conveyor belt is pressed against the driving roller.
  • the discharging device is disposed on the insulating bracket, and the conveyor belt passes through the inside of the discharging device.
  • the discharging device includes two upper and lower plates arranged in parallel.
  • Each plate is provided with a metal suspension shielding shell, and an insulating material is filled between the pole plate and the metal floating shielding shell, and the distance between the two plates is 1.5 to 10 cm on opposite sides, and the conveyor belt passes between the two plates.
  • a plate connector is provided on each of the plates, and the plate connector is connected to the RF power source through an RF output line.
  • the RF power supply is a dual output power supply device, and the dual output power supply device comprises an AC power supply and a transformer.
  • the transformer is grounded only on the primary side, and the output side of the secondary side of the transformer is insulated and connected to the discharge device.
  • the dual output works in a similar way to the conventional transformer.
  • the primary and secondary sides are commonly used for signal or energy transfer stability and immunity.
  • the RF electric field imbalance cannot be eliminated, and the self-biasing will inevitably generate ion bombardment caused by the DC electric field, and the two electrodes will inevitably pass the current.
  • the shielding method still uses the grounding method. Only the shields that transmit the protection dual output in the vacuum chamber are suspended, including the metal suspension shielding of the plates. It is constrained that only two electrode plates can be discharged, which ensures the generation of displacement current.
  • a feeding hopper observation window is further disposed on the first feeding hopper and the second feeding hopper; and a hopper viewing window is further disposed on the first discharging hopper and the second discharging hopper respectively.
  • a first discharge three-way observation window is disposed on the first three-way pipe, and a second discharge three-way observation window is disposed on the second three-way pipe.
  • the discharge device comprises a discharge electrode and a radio frequency power source, and the discharge electrode is composed of two upper and lower plates, which are respectively connected to two output ends of the radio frequency power supply.
  • the vacuum device comprises a cylinder body, wherein the cylinder feeding inlet and the cylinder discharging opening are arranged on the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is further provided with a venting valve, a vacuum gauge tube, a third vacuum pumping unit, And intake control valve.
  • the feed port butterfly valve and the hopper butterfly valve are all manual butterfly valves.
  • the device of the invention treats different seeds by controlling gas vacuum degree, discharge power and ionization time, and finally promotes the physiological activity enhancement of the seed, and the potential stress resistance factors are expressed, the use of the chemical fertilizer is reduced, and the crop yield is also increased.
  • the double feed hopper and the discharge hopper are designed, and the high-efficiency rapid vacuum and continuous plasma treatment are achieved through the combination of the vacuum disc valve group and the pump unit. seed.
  • the whole process is simple in operation, has strong repeatability, and can realize large-scale processing of seeds.
  • Figure 1 is a general view of the mechanical structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a transmission device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the electrode plate of the discharge device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a power supply device of the present invention.
  • the second vacuum pump unit 37.
  • the third vacuum pump unit 38.
  • RF power supply 39.
  • Intake control valve 40.
  • Transmission motor 41. Insulation bracket, 42.
  • Active roller 43.
  • Driven roller 44.
  • Pressure roller 45, plate, 46, metal suspension shielded housing, 47, insulating material, 48, plate connector, 49, AC power supply, 50, transformer.
  • the apparatus of the present invention includes a feeding device, a discharging device, a vacuum device, a discharging device, and a conveying device, wherein:
  • the feeding device comprises a feeding hopper (9 and 10), a feeding cover (11 and 12), a venting valve (13 and 14), a feeding hopper observation window (15 and 21), and a feeding manual bucket butterfly valve (16, 17 and 18), feed hopper vacuum butterfly valves (19 and 20).
  • Open the feeding cover close the seed into the feeding hopper, open the hopper vacuum valve, close the bleed valve and the feed hopper butterfly valve to ensure the sealing of the whole feeding device is good.
  • the hopper observation window is used for observation. The amount of seeds in the hopper.
  • the discharge device includes the discharge hoppers (26 and 27), the discharge ports (33 and 34), the bleed valves (28 and 29), the discharge three-way observation windows (25 and 32), and the hopper manual butterfly valves (22, 23). And 24), the hopper vacuum valve (30 and 31). Open the hopper vacuum valve, close the hopper manual butterfly valve and the bleed valve to ensure the good sealing of the entire discharge device, and observe the storage capacity of the seeds in the hopper through the observation window.
  • the vacuum apparatus includes a cylinder 1, a bleed valve (4 and 7), a vacuum gauge 5, a first vacuum pump unit 35, a second vacuum pump unit 36, a third vacuum pump unit 37, and an intake regulator valve 39. Firstly, all the intake valves are closed to ensure the system is well sealed. The whole system is vacuumed. The vacuum degree of the system is detected by the vacuum gauge. When the system reaches the background vacuum, the second vacuum pump unit 36 and the third pump are turned off. The vacuum pump unit 37 opens the intake air regulating valve to a certain opening degree, injects a processing gas into the cylinder body, so that the cylinder body reaches a set vacuum degree, and maintains the system vacuum degree to achieve dynamic balance.
  • the discharge device 2 comprises two discharge plates 45 and a radio frequency power source 38.
  • the two plates 45 are arranged in parallel, each plate is provided with a metal suspension shielding shell 46, and the insulating material is filled between the plate and the metal suspension shielding shell. The distance between the two plates is 1.5-10 cm.
  • the conveyor belt passes between the two plates.
  • Each plate is provided with a plate connector 48.
  • the plate connector is connected to the RF power source 38 through the RF output line.
  • the RF power source 38 is a dual output power supply device, including an AC power source 49 and a transformer 50.
  • the transformer 50 is grounded only on the primary side, and the output side of the transformer secondary side is insulated and connected to the discharge device 2.
  • the RF power supply is turned on, and the upper and lower plates of the device are connected to a dual-output RF source of 13.56 MHz to generate a uniform and stable plasma between the plates.
  • Continuous processing of the cold plasma can be achieved with the corresponding automatic loading and unloading device.
  • a mixed gas of argon hydrogen volume ratio 1:3
  • a cold plasma capable of causing a transition of biomacromolecule energy can be generated, and the generated active particle energy reaches 1 to 20ev.
  • the discharge device of the present invention is currently the only cold plasma generating device capable of generating interaction with biological macromolecules, and by improving the structure of the plate in the discharge device, the metal suspension shielding shell and the insulating filling material are added, and the electrode plate is prevented.
  • the discharge between the inner walls of the cavity, and the displacement current thereof, enhances the activity of the plasma, and realizes the suspension shielding;
  • the structure of the present invention avoids the heat passing between the plate and the cavity by the current, which is different from the conventional conduction current. Therefore, it is possible to control the temperature in the device to a lower range without increasing the cooling medium or structure, while increasing the energy density of the vacuum ultraviolet light. By adjusting the plate spacing, a suitable density of vacuum ultraviolet photons can be obtained.
  • the transport device includes an insulating bracket 41, a driving roller 42, a driven roller 43, a pressure roller 44, a conveyor belt 3, and a transport motor 40.
  • the seeds in the feeding hopper fall on the conveyor belt and enter the glow through the conveyor belt.
  • the discharge area is processed and finally falls into the discharge hopper, and the conveyor belt has an adjustable conveying speed and flexible operation.
  • the discharge manual butterfly valve 22 is opened, and the processed seed of the manual butterfly valve 23 that opens the discharge hopper 26 falls into the discharge hopper 26.
  • the feed hopper 9 is closed.
  • the manual butterfly valve 19 and the manual butterfly valve 16 of the feed hopper 9 are opened.
  • the feed cover 11 is opened, the seed to be processed is loaded, and then closed.
  • the feed cap 11 is then closed and the feed vacuum valve 20 is closed to open the feed vacuum manual butterfly valve 19 to evacuate to a given value.
  • the manual butterfly valve 23 of the hopper 26 and the vacuum butterfly valve 30 of the hopper 26 are closed, and then the deflation valve 28 is opened, and the discharge cover 33 is opened after the deflation is completed. material. Then, the discharge cover 33 is closed, the discharge hopper 27 is closed, and the manual butterfly valve 31 is opened to open the discharge hopper 27, and the vacuum butterfly valve 30 is evacuated to a given value.
  • the purpose of continuous production under a low vacuum state can be achieved by reciprocatingly opening the feed hopper 9, the discharge hopper 26, the feed hopper 10, and the discharge hopper 27.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种冷等离子体种子处理设备，包括真空装置以及设置在真空装置内的放电装置和传输装置，在真空装置上设置有筒体进料口和筒体出料口，还包括一进料装置和一出料装置，进料装置包括第一进料斗和第二进料斗，第一进料斗和第二进料斗分别设置有进料盖、进料斗放气阀、进料斗出料口以及进料斗抽真空蝶阀，第一进料斗和第二进料斗的进料斗出料口以及筒体进料口分别通过一进料斗蝶阀与一三通管连接；在所述的第一进料斗和第二进料斗的进料斗抽真空蝶阀上连接有第一抽真空泵机组，出料装置包括第一出料斗和第二出料斗。本发明适用于处理各种作物的种子，处理成本低、速度快、无污染，且作物抗旱、抗病虫害等抗逆能力得到提高，增产效果显著。

Description

冷等离子体种子处理设备 技术领域
本发明属于冷等离子体种子处理领域，具体是一种冷等离子体种子处理设备。
背景技术
等离子体种子激活处理及其应用由俄罗斯最先开始。俄罗斯国家物理研究所最先研制出等离子体种子处理设备，用于蔬菜种子处理，改善出苗和增加产量。美国、加拿大等研究采用等离子体对作物种子进行消毒灭菌，减少作物病害的发生。乌克兰、以色列、韩国、日本也已开始等离子体处理种子的研究和应用。在国内，山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心自1997年起开展等离子体种子处理技术的研究，证实了等离子体种子激活的增产效果和应用前景。随后，吉林农科院及其他一些研究单位也相继开展了等离子体处理各类种子的生物学效应与农学效应研究。试验结果表明，等离子体种子激活处理对各种作物发芽、出苗及生长均有明显刺激作用，发芽率、发芽势提高5－18%，根系发达，发病率降低，抗旱能力增强，粮食作物增产10－40%，蔬菜增产15－50%。
2002年，发明专利CN1383710A 和实用新型专利CN2473865Y公开了一种直立式电磁场等离子处理机，充有水银蒸汽的玻璃管为等离子体发生器，随后连接一电磁化室。发明专利CN1373983A公开了采用实用新型专利CN2473865Y处理机处理不同作物种子的方法，包括处理剂量、处理次数以及适宜播种期等参数。CN1363206A公开了一种横卧式等离子体种子处理机及其处理方法，采用感应放电和电容放电，结合一定程度的真空，产生等离子体，种子在低压、电场、磁场、离子、电子、辉光的复合作用下得到激活处理。2004年发明专利CN1500380A公开了一种静止体腔式等离子体种子处理装置，采用高压放电针产生尖端放电，使气体电离，产生等离子体。
2005年我们发现冷等离子体能与植物种子的生物大分子发生互作用，使生物大分子的能量产生跃迁，即由基态跃迁到激发态，从而使植物的种子产生积极的生物学效应。具体表现在生理活性大大增强，潜在的抗逆基因得到表达，提高了作物的生命活力和抗逆性能。根据这一发现，我们发明了横卧式“冷等离子体种子处理仪”（发明专利CN1914972A）及实用新型专利“等离子体作物种子激活处理设备”（CN2807733Y），通过射频输出线与射频源连接的两块电极板之间现成强辉光放电区，并通过电极板外围设置的金属屏蔽罩，阻止电极板与腔体内壁间产生辉光放电，因而种子处理效率大大提高。2010年，发明专利CN101669416A公开了一种利用等离子体处理植物种子的方法及其装置，由大气压介质阻挡放电产生冷等离子体，冷等离子体在空气中产生，而不需要真空环境。上述发明专利或实用新型专利的不足之处是种子处理效率低，大批量种子处理困难。因此，有必要创造大型的冷等离子体设备来能满足粮食作物的规模化生产需要。
 技术问题
提供一种利用低真空状态下的辉光放电所产生的冷等离子体来大批量处理植物种子的设备。
技术解决方案
一种冷等离子体种子处理设备，包括真空装置以及设置在真空装置内的放电装置和传输装置，在真空装置上设置有筒体进料口和筒体出料口，其特征在于：还包括一进料装置和一出料装置，所述的进料装置包括第一进料斗和第二进料斗，所述的第一进料斗和第二进料斗分别设置有进料盖、进料斗放气阀、进料斗出料口以及进料斗抽真空蝶阀，所述的第一进料斗的进料斗出料口、第二进料斗的进料斗出料口以及筒体进料口分别通过一进料斗蝶阀与一第一三通管的一个管口连接；所述的出料装置包括第一出料斗和第二出料斗，所述的第一出料斗和第二出料斗分别设置有出料斗进料口、出料斗出料口、出料斗放气阀以及出料斗抽真空蝶阀，所述的第一出料斗的出料斗进料口、第二出料斗的出料斗进料口以及筒体出料口分别通过一出料斗蝶阀与一第二三通管的一个管口连接；在所述的第一进料斗和第二进料斗的进料斗抽真空蝶阀上连接有第一抽真空泵机组，在所述的第一出料斗和第二出料斗的出料斗抽真空蝶阀上连接有第二抽真空泵机组。
所述的传输装置包括绝缘支架、主动辊、从动辊、压辊和传送带，主动辊和从动辊通过轴承分别设于绝缘支架的两端，传送带设于主动辊和从动辊之上，压辊也通过轴承设于绝缘支架一端，将传送带压紧于主动辊上，放电装置设于绝缘支架上，传送带从放电装置的内部穿过，所述放电装置包括平行设置的上下两块极板，每块极板设有金属悬浮屏蔽外壳，极板与金属悬浮屏蔽外壳之间填充有绝缘材料，两块极板相对两面的间距为1.5～10cm，传送带从两个极板之间穿过，每个极板上设有极板接头，所述极板接头通过射频输出线与射频电源连接。
所述的射频电源为双输出供电装置，所述双输出供电装置包括交流电源和变压器，所述变压器仅原边接地，变压器副边输出端经绝缘保护后与放电装置连接。双输出的工作原理与常规的变压器的工作原理类似，原副边共地是为了信号或能量传递的稳定性和抗干扰能力。但在实际工作中因为原边与副边共地，造成的射频电场不平衡无法消除，必然产生自偏压而产生直流电场造成的离子轰击，二片电极必然会通过传导电流。所以我们取消了共地联接后采用双输出接口，其输出的功率是没有改变的，在常压下无任何影响。其屏蔽保护仍采用接地法。只是到了真空腔体内传输保护双输出的屏蔽均为悬浮状，包括对极板的金属悬浮屏蔽。约束了只有二片电极板之间才能放电，保证了位移电流的产生。
在所述的第一进料斗和第二进料斗上还分别设置有一进料斗观察窗；在所述的第一出料斗和第二出料斗上还分别设置有一出料斗观察窗。
在所述的第一三通管上设置有第一出料三通观察窗，在所述的第二三通管上设置有第二出料三通观察窗。
所述放电装置包括放电电极和射频电源，所述放电电极由上下两块极板构成，分别连接射频电源的两个输出端。
所述真空装置包括筒体，所述的筒体进料口和筒体出料口设置在该筒体上，在筒体上还设置有放气阀、真空规管、第三抽真空泵机组、和进气调节阀。
所述的进料口蝶阀和出料斗蝶阀均为手动蝶阀。
 有益效果
本发明设备通过控制气体真空度、放电功率、电离时间来处理不同的种子，最终促进种子生理活性增强，潜在的抗逆因素得到表达，减少化学肥料的使用，同时还能增加作物的产量。为实现大批量快速处理，在我们已有发明专利CN1914972A的基础上，设计双进料斗和出料斗，并通过抽真空碟阀组和泵机组联合，达到高效率快速抽真空和连续等离子体处理种子。整个过程操作简单，具有较强的可重复性，可以实现种子的规模化处理。
附图说明
图1为本发明的机械结构总体图。
图2是本发明传输装置的结构示意图。
图3是本发明放电装置极板结构示意图。
图4是本发明供电装置电路示意图。
图中：1. 筒体，2. 放电装置，3. 传输带 ，4. 放气阀，5. 真空规管，6. 观察窗，7. 放气阀，8. 筒身支撑，9、10. 进料斗，11、12.进料盖，13、14.进料斗放气阀，15. 进料斗观察窗，16、17、18.进料斗手动蝶阀，19、20.进料斗抽真空手动蝶阀，21. 进料三通观察窗，22 .下料手动蝶阀，23、24.下料斗手动蝶阀 ，25. 下料三通观察窗，26、27.下料斗 ，8、29.下料斗放气阀，30、31.下料斗抽真空手动蝶阀，32. 下料三通观察窗，33、35.出料口，35. 第一三抽真空泵机组，36. 第二抽真空泵机组，37.第三抽真空泵机组，38. 射频电源，39.进气调节阀，40.传输电机，41.绝缘支架，42.主动辊，43. 从动辊，44. 压辊，45、极板，46、金属悬浮屏蔽外壳,47、绝缘材料，48、极板接头，49、交流电源，50、变压器。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施作进一步的说明。
如图1所示，本发明设备包括进料装置、出料装置、真空装置、放电装置以及传输装置，其中：
进料装置包括进料斗（9和10）、进料盖（11和12）、放气阀（13和14）、进料斗观察窗（15和21）、进料手动斗蝶阀（16、17和18）、进料斗抽真空蝶阀（19和20）。打开进料盖，往进料斗中注入种子后关闭，打开进料斗抽真空蝶阀，关闭放气阀、进料斗蝶阀，保证整个进料装置密封性良好，进料斗观察窗用于观察料斗里的种子的量。
出料装置包括出料斗（26和27）、出料口（33和34）、放气阀（28和29）、出料三通观察窗（25和32）、出料斗手动蝶阀（22、23和24）、出料斗抽真空蝶阀（30和31）。打开出料斗抽真空蝶阀，关闭出料斗手动蝶阀和放气阀，保证整个出料装置密封性良好，通过观察窗观察出料斗中种子的存储量。
真空装置包括筒体1、放气阀（4和7）、真空规管5、第一抽真空泵机组35、第二抽真空泵机组36、第三抽真空泵机组37和进气调节阀39。首先关闭所有进气阀门，保证系统密封性良好，对整个系统进行抽真空，通过真空规管检测系统的真空度，当系统达到本底真空度以后，关闭第二抽真空泵机组36、第三抽真空泵机组37，并将进气调节阀打开到一定的开度，往筒体内注入处理气体，使筒体达到设定真空度，并保持系统真空度达到动态平衡。
放电装置2包括两块放电的极板45和射频电源38，两块极板45平行设置，每块极板设有金属悬浮屏蔽外壳46，极板与金属悬浮屏蔽外壳之间填充有绝缘材料47，两块极板相对两面的间距为1.5～10cm，传送带从两个极板之间穿过，每个极板上设有极板接头48，极板接头通过射频输出线与射频电源38连接。射频电源38为双输出供电装置，包括交流电源49和变压器50，其中变压器50仅原边接地，变压器副边输出端经绝缘保护后与放电装置2连接。在低气压环境下，打开射频电源，将本装置上下极板接通13.56MHz的双输出射频源，即可在极板间产生均匀稳定的等离子体。配以相应的自动上下料装置即可实现冷等离子体的连续处理。以氩氢（体积比1：3）混合气体作为工作气体在低真空状态下进行辉光放电，即可能够产生使生物大分子能量得到跃迁的冷等离子体，所产生的活性粒子能量达到1～20ev。
本发明放电装置是目前唯一的能够产生与生物大分子相互作用的冷等离子体发生装置，通过对放电装置中的极板结构改进，增加了金属悬浮屏蔽外壳和绝缘填充材料，阻止了极板与腔体内壁之间的放电，并使其产生位移电流，增强了等离子体的活性，实现了悬浮屏蔽；区别于以往的传导电流，本发明的结构避免了极板与腔体间通过电流而发热，因此不需要增加冷却介质或结构就能控制装置内的温度在较低的范围，同时增加了真空紫外光的能量密度。通过极板间距的调节，可以得到合适的真空紫外光光子的密度。
传输装置如图2所示，包括绝缘支架41、主动辊42、从动辊43、压辊44、传输带3和传输电机40，进料斗中的种子落在传送带上，通过传送带进入辉光放电区域进行处理，最后落入出料斗，而且传送带传送速度可调，操作灵活。
本发明设备处理种子的具体操作如下：
打开进料斗抽真空手动蝶阀（19和20），出料斗抽真空手动蝶阀（30和31），启动泵机组（35、36和37），保证各路真空室的真空度完全一致，打开进气调节阀39，达到给定值后（例如100Pa）。打开电源38启动传输带3，打开进料斗9的手动蝶阀16，打开进料蝶阀18，种子下落至传输带3进入辉光放电区：种子（生物大分子）与冷等离子体作用而产生能量跃迁，即由基态跃迁到激发态，从而使种子产生积极的生物学效应。
种子经传输带3若干秒后（即处理时间），打开出料手动蝶阀22，打开出料斗26的手动蝶阀23经处理后的种子落入出料斗26。
进料斗9送料完成后即关闭进料斗9抽真空手动蝶阀19和进料斗9的手动蝶阀16打开放气阀13放气完毕后，打开进料盖11，装入待加工种子然后关上进料盖11，然后关闭进料抽真空蝶阀20打开进料抽真空手动蝶阀19抽真空到给定值。
与此同时当出料斗26装满处理后的种子后即关闭出料斗26的手动蝶阀23、出料斗26的抽真空蝶阀30，然后打开放气阀28，放气完毕即打开出料盖33出料。然后合上出料盖33，关闭出料斗27抽真空手动蝶阀31打开出料斗27抽真空蝶阀30抽真空到给定值。
同时打开出料手动蝶阀24，经处理的种子落入出料斗27。
往复打开进料斗9、出料斗26和进料斗10、出料斗27即可实现在低真空状态下连续生产的目的。
应当理解，以上所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本发明专利，并不用于限定本发明专利。由本发明专利所引伸的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明专利的保护范畴。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种冷等离子体种子处理设备，包括真空装置以及设置在真空装置内的放电装置和传输装置，在真空装置上设置有筒体进料口和筒体出料口，其特征在于：还包括一进料装置和一出料装置，所述的进料装置包括第一进料斗（9）和第二进料斗（10），所述的第一进料斗（9）和第二进料斗（10）分别设置有进料盖、进料斗放气阀、进料斗出料口以及进料斗抽真空蝶阀，所述的第一进料斗（9）的进料斗出料口、第二进料斗（10）的进料斗出料口以及筒体进料口分别通过一进料斗蝶阀与一第一三通管的一个管口连接；所述的出料装置包括第一出料斗（26）和第二出料斗（27），所述的第一出料斗（26）和第二出料斗（27）分别设置有出料斗进料口、出料斗出料口、出料斗放气阀以及出料斗抽真空蝶阀，所述的第一出料斗（26）的出料斗进料口、第二出料斗（27）的出料斗进料口以及筒体出料口分别通过一出料斗蝶阀与一第二三通管的一个管口连接；在所述的第一进料斗（9）和第二进料斗（10）的进料斗抽真空蝶阀上连接有第一抽真空泵机组，在所述的第一出料斗（26）和第二出料斗（27）的出料斗抽真空蝶阀上连接有第二抽真空泵机组。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的冷等离子体种子处理设备，其特征在于：所述的传输装置包括绝缘支架（41）、主动辊（42）、从动辊（43）、压辊（44）和传送带（3），主动辊和从动辊通过轴承分别设于绝缘支架的两端，传送带设于主动辊和从动辊之上，压辊也通过轴承设于绝缘支架一端，将传送带压紧于主动辊上，放电装置设于绝缘支架上，传送带从放电装置的内部穿过；所述放电装置包括平行设置的上下两块极板（45），每块极板设有金属悬浮屏蔽外壳（46），极板与金属悬浮屏蔽外壳之间填充有绝缘材料（47），两块极板相对两面的间距为1.5～10cm，传送带从两个极板之间穿过，每个极板上设有极板接头（48），所述极板接头通过射频输出线与射频电源（38）连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的冷等离子体种子处理设备，其特征在于：所述的射频电源（38）为双输出供电装置，所述双输出供电装置包括交流电源（49）和变压器（50），所述变压器仅原边接地，变压器副边输出端经绝缘保护后与放电装置（2）连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的冷等离子体种子处理设备，其特征在于：在所述的第一进料斗（9）和第二进料斗（10）上还分别设置有一进料斗观察窗；在所述的第一出料斗（26）和第二出料斗（27）上还分别设置有一出料斗观察窗。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的冷等离子体种子处理设备，其特征在于：在所述的第一三通管上设置有第一出料三通观察窗（25），在所述的第二三通管上设置有第二出料三通观察窗（32）。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的冷等离子体种子处理设备，其特征在于：所述真空装置包括筒体（1），所述的筒体进料口和筒体出料口设置在该筒体上，在筒体（1）上还设置有放气阀（4、7）、真空规管（5）、第三抽真空泵机组（35）、和进气调节阀（39）。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的冷等离子体种子处理设备，其特征在于：所述的进料口蝶阀和出料斗蝶阀均为手动蝶阀。
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