WO2014084980A1 - Prédiction de l'interruption d'un service électrique - Google Patents

Prédiction de l'interruption d'un service électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014084980A1
WO2014084980A1 PCT/US2013/065558 US2013065558W WO2014084980A1 WO 2014084980 A1 WO2014084980 A1 WO 2014084980A1 US 2013065558 W US2013065558 W US 2013065558W WO 2014084980 A1 WO2014084980 A1 WO 2014084980A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waveform data
power
service interruption
monitoring module
units
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/065558
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English (en)
Inventor
Bradley SCHUCHARDT
Peter Sage
Mark Reitzel
William PEZALLA
Original Assignee
Ge Intelligent Platforms, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ge Intelligent Platforms, Inc. filed Critical Ge Intelligent Platforms, Inc.
Publication of WO2014084980A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014084980A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • G01R19/2513—Arrangements for monitoring electric power systems, e.g. power lines or loads; Logging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/50—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to the appearance of abnormal wave forms, e.g. ac in dc installations

Definitions

  • the subject matter disclosed herein relates generally to the field of waveform capture and analysis.
  • UPS systems batteries
  • the energy from the utility company is used to continuously recharge the batteries.
  • This is a high cost solution especially for large production machinery.
  • the customer either has an alternate power source such as a secondary feed from the utility or has a backup emergency generator.
  • This scenario has significant cost but doesn't truly solve the problem either, as it takes time to switch over to the alternate power source and, as with the UPS system, loss of service occurs before action is taken.
  • One or more embodiments relate to a new and useful apparatus, system and method for identifying and predicting conditions that signify that a power service interruption in a user system is imminent.
  • the prediction of the power service interruption enables the user system to take protective measures to prevent a number of negative effects of the power service interruption from occurring including, for example, damage to electrical devices and loss of critical data.
  • a method of analyzing power being supplied to a user system through a power supply line includes measuring, at a power monitoring module, one or more units of present waveform data corresponding to the supplied power; comparing, at the power monitoring module, the one or more units of present waveform data to one or more units of anomaly waveform data, the anomaly waveform data being waveform data that is associated with a first service interruption in the supplied power; predicting, at the power monitoring module, that a service interruption will occur in the future with respect to the supplied power, based on the comparison; and sending an indicating message to from the power monitoring unit to the user system indicating the predicted service interruption.
  • the indicating message may cause the user system to control operation of one or more apparatuses of the user system that are connected to the supplied power to avoid at least one of damage and data loss, based on the predicted service interruption.
  • the indicating message received from the power monitoring module may further include a type of the predicted service interruption, and the control of the operation of the electronic apparatuses may be further based on the type of the predicted service interruption [0008]
  • the method may further include determining a baseline value corresponding to the power supply line by measuring, at the power monitoring module, a plurality of first waveform data units corresponding to the supplied power over a plurality of points in time, and determining, as the baseline value, an average of the plurality of first waveform data units.
  • the method may further include storing each of the plurality of first waveform data units in a first storage unit; detecting, at the power monitoring module, the occurrence of the first service interruption with respect to the supplied power; identifying, as the anomaly waveform data, data units from among the plurality of first waveform data units that were measured during a reference period of time immediately preceding the detection of the first service interruption; and storing the anomaly waveform data in a second storage unit.
  • the detecting the occurrence of a first service interruption may include detecting, at the power monitoring module, a type of the first service interruption, and the storing the anomaly waveform data may include storing the anomaly waveform data in the second storage unit along with an indication of the type of the first service interruption.
  • the measuring one or more units of present waveform data corresponding to the supplied power may include measuring, for each of the one or more units of present waveform data, sample points of one or more of a current of the supplied power, a voltage of the supplied power, and an electrical load of the user system.
  • a power monitoring module includes a processor; and a storage device storing instructions that when executed by the processor cause the processor to control operations for analyzing power being supplied to a user system through a power supply line, the operations including, measuring, at a power monitoring module, one or more units of present waveform data corresponding to the supplied power, comparing, at the power monitoring module, the one or more units of present waveform data to one or more units of anomaly waveform data, the anomaly waveform data being waveform data that is associated with a first service interruption in the supplied power, predicting, at the power monitoring module, that a service interruption will occur in the future with respect to the supplied power, based on the comparison, and sending an indicating message to from the power monitoring unit to the user system indicating the predicted service interruption.
  • a power supply system includes a user system including a plurality of apparatuses configured to receive power from a power supply line; the power supply line; and a power supply module configured to analyze the power supplied to the user system by the power supply line, the power supply module being further configured to, measure one or more units of present waveform data corresponding to the supplied power, compare the one or more units of present waveform data to one or more units of anomaly waveform data, the anomaly waveform data being waveform data that is associated with a first service interruption in the supplied power, predict that a service interruption will occur in the future with respect to the supplied power, based on the comparison, and send an indicating message to from the power monitoring unit to the user system indicating the predicted service interruption.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a power supply system according to at least one example embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method of facilitating the prediction of service interruptions in order to enable the execution of protective actions in a user system
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another element, component, region, layer, or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of example embodiments.
  • spatially relative terms e.g., "beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” and the like
  • the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the term “below” may encompass both an orientation of above and below.
  • the device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
  • Example embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments (and intermediate structures) of example embodiments. As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, example embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of regions illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing.
  • Disturbances on AC power supply lines create voltage and current anomalies distinguishable from the typical waveforms observed in a system. These are a type of 'electronic signature' based on the cause of the problem or the automated responses of the power lines to problem on the power systems. These waveform signatures are slightly different for each customer on the power supply lines based on impedance differences at the power delivery point of each customer. Some of these disturbances are a result of regular routine operations of the power supply lines and the disturbances are over quickly without affecting the customer. Other disturbances are the beginning of service interruptions due to problems on the power lines.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a power supply system 100 according to at least one example embodiment.
  • Power supply system 100 includes a power monitoring module 1 10, a user system 120, and a power supply line 130.
  • the user system 120 may be any type of system which receives power from a power utility.
  • the user system 120 may be a residential system including, for example, a house or apartment building having several electrical appliances.
  • the user system 120 may be business system including, for example, a restaurant or office building having several electrical appliances.
  • Power supply line 130 supplies power from a power utility (not shown) to the user system 120.
  • Power monitoring module 1 10 is connected to power supply line 130 and analyzes the power being supplied via power supply line 130. Power monitoring module 1 10 is also connected to the user system 120.
  • the power monitoring module 110 includes a processing unit 112, a power supply line interface unit 1 14, and a storage device 116.
  • the processing unit 112 may be any device capable of processing data including, for example, a microprocessor configured to carry out specific operations based on input data, or capable of executing instructions included in computer readable code which may be stored, for example, in storage device 1 16.
  • the processing unit 112 is capable of controlling the power supply line interface unit 114 and the storage device 1 16.
  • the power supply line interface unit is capable of capturing waveform data by capturing sample points of one or more phases of current or voltage corresponding to the power being supplied from the power utility to the user system 120 via the power supply line 130.
  • the power supply line interface unit is also capable of capturing waveform data by capturing sample points of an electrical load or system impedance corresponding to the user system 120 via the power supply line 130 so power loss prediction may be carried out regardless of a state of the user system 120.
  • waveform data refers to one or more of voltage waveforms current waveforms and waveforms corresponding to system impedance or an electrical load corresponding to the user system 120.
  • the power supply line interface unit 1 14 provides waveform data, for example in the form voltage and current, to the processing unit 112.
  • the processing unit 112 is capable of analyzing the power waveform data received from the power supply line interface unit 114. For example, the processing unit 112 is capable of determining a baseline behavior of the waveform data by, for example, determining average values for waveform data received over a period of time. The processing unit is also capable of determining the existence of service interruptions with respect to the power being supplied by the power supply line 130. Further, the processing unit is capable of storing waveform data in the storage device 116.
  • the storage device 116 may be any device capable of storing data including magnetic storage, flash storage, etc.
  • the storage device 116 includes a temporary data storage area 117 and an anomaly data storage area 118.
  • the processing unit 112 may receive waveform data from the power supply line interface unit 114 continuously, and store the received data in the temporary data storage are 1 17. Further, the processing unit 112 may store waveform data which is determined to be associated with a service interruption in the anomaly data storage area 1 18.
  • the processing unit 112 is capable of comparing presently received waveform data to waveform data stored in the anomaly data storage area 118 in order to predict future occurrence of a service interruption. Based upon this prediction, the processing unit 1 12 is capable of signaling the user system 120, so the user system 120 can take protective measures.
  • the power monitoring module 1 10 is illustrated outside the user system 120, according to at least one example embodiment, the power monitoring module 1 10 may be included inside the user system 120, and may analyze the power supplied by the power supply line 130 via a power line internal to the user system 120. Further, though only one power monitoring module 1 10 is illustrated, power supply system 100 may include any number of power monitoring modules, inside and/or outside the user system 120, having the same structure and operation as that described herein with respect to the power monitoring module 1 10.
  • a power monitoring module may be performed, for example, by a power monitoring module having the structure and operation of the power monitoring module 110.
  • the storage device 116 may store executable instructions corresponding to each of the operations or functions described below for a power monitoring module with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the processing unit 1 12 may be configured perform each of the operations or functions described below for an power monitoring module with respect to FIG. 2, for example, by executing executable instructions stored in the storage unit 1 16.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method of facilitating the prediction of service interruptions in order to enable the execution of protective actions in a user system.
  • FIG. 2 will now be explained below with reference to power supply system 100 illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the power monitoring module 1 10 determines baseline behavior of a power supply line.
  • the power monitoring module 1 10 may continuously capture waveform data of the power supply unit 130 using the power supply line interface unit 1 14 in the manner discussed above with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the power supply line interface unit 114 may continuously capture the waveform data over each of a plurality of time intervals. Each time interval may correspond to a unit of waveform data.
  • power supply line interface unit 114 may capture the waveform data in intervals of one or more milliseconds.
  • the waveform data captured by the power supply line interface unit 1 14 is supplied to the processing unit 1 12 which may maintain a long-term average value of waveform data captured over a given period of time, for example several hours or days. This average value may represent baseline behavior of the waveform data corresponding to the power supply line 130.
  • step S210 the power monitoring module 1 10 identifies behavior of the waveform data corresponding to the power supply line which precedes a service interruption. For example, as is discussed above, the processing unit 1 12 continuously receives waveform data corresponding to the behavior of the power supply line 130 from the power supply line interface unit 114. Further, according to at least one example embodiment, the power monitoring module 1 10 stores the continuously received waveform data in the temporary storage area 117 of the storage device 1 16. According to at least one example embodiment, the power monitoring module 1 10 may store each unit of waveform data along with an indication of the current long-time average waveform data value.
  • the number of waveform data entries stored in the temporary storage area 117 may be limited.
  • the total number of waveform data entries capable of being stored in the temporary storage area 1 17 may be set to any value in accordance with the preference of a user of the power monitoring module 1 10.
  • the temporary storage area may only store waveform data corresponding to the previous several minutes or the previous hour.
  • the power monitoring module 1 10 is capable of detecting service interruptions.
  • a first type of service interruption may be a blackout where the power being supplied to the user system 120 is substantially ceased.
  • a second type of service interruption may be a brown out, where, though the power being supplied to the user system 120 is not entirely cut, the voltage drops significantly in a manner which may impair the operation of several types of electrical appliances within the user system 120.
  • the processing unit 112 is capable of determining a type of service interruption, for example, by comparing the substantially changed waveform data associated with the service interruption to reference waveform data indicative of service interruption conditions. This reference waveform data may be included in the storage device 1 16.
  • the power monitoring module 110 consults the temporary storage area 117 to identify the waveform data units and waveform averages captured in a time period immediately before the occurrence of the service interruption. For example, the power monitoring module 1 10 may identify the waveform data units and average corresponding to one or more minutes immediately preceding the detection of the service interruption, and move the identified waveform data units and averages from the temporary storage area 1 17 to the anomaly storage area 118. The power monitoring module 1 10 may also store an indication of the detected type of the service interruption along with the identified waveform data units and averages, e.g. "interruption type 1" for a blackout or "interruption type 2" for a brownout. Step S210 may be completed continuously resulting in a living library of service interruption types and waveform data identified as preceding the service interruption types.
  • step S215 the power monitoring module 110 analyzes waveform data of the power supply line 130 to predict the occurrence of a service interruption. For example, the power monitoring module 110 may compare currently received waveform data to waveform data units stored in the anomaly storage area 118 of the storage device 116. Based on the waveform data comparison, the power monitoring module 110 may determine that a service interruption is likely to occur in the near future.
  • the monitoring module 1 10 may compare a deviation value of the currently received waveform data to a deviation value of the waveform data stored in the anomaly storage area 1 18.
  • the power monitoring module 110 may determine a deviation value of currently received waveform data by determining a difference between the currently received waveform data and the current long- term waveform data average value a determined by the processing unit 1 12.
  • the power monitoring module 110 may determine a deviation value of the waveform data stored in the anomaly storage area 1 18 by determining a difference between the waveform data units stored in the anomaly storage area 118 and the corresponding long-term waveform data average values stored in the anomaly storage area 1 18.
  • the power monitoring module 110 may use the deviation value comparison in addition to the waveform data comparison in order to determine that a service interruption is likely to occur in the near future.
  • the power monitoring module 1 10 identifies waveform data stored in the anomaly data storage area 118 as being similar to the currently received waveform data, for example by determining that the wave shapes are similar or the waveform harmonics are similar, the monitoring unit 110 determines that a service interruption is likely to occur in the near future. Further, the power monitoring module 1 10 identifies the type of the service interruption which is likely to occur as being the type of the service interruption associated with the waveform data of the anomaly storage area 1 18 which was identified as being similar.
  • the power monitoring module 1 10 identifies deviation data of waveform data stored in the anomaly data storage area 118 as being similar to deviation data of the currently received waveform data, for example by determining that the wave shapes are similar or the waveform harmonics are similar, the monitoring unit 110 determines that a service interruption is likely to occur in the near future. Further, the power monitoring module 1 10 identifies the type of the service interruption which is likely to occur as being the type of the service interruption associated with deviation data of the anomaly storage area 118 which was identified as being similar.
  • the power monitoring module 1 10 may continuously compare currently received waveform data to the current long-term waveform data average value to determine whether or not the currently received waveform data differs from the current long-term waveform data average value by more than a threshold amount. Further, according to at least one example embodiment, the power monitoring module 110 may only begin comparing current waveform data or deviation values to waveform data or deviation values stored in the anomaly storage area 118 once the threshold value is exceeded.
  • the threshold amount may be any value, and may be chosen based on the preferences of an operator of the power monitoring module 110. As an example, the threshold value may be 50 or 60 Hz with reference to current or voltage waveforms. Further, instead of, or in addition to, a threshold value expressed in terms of frequency, the power monitoring module 1 10 may use threshold value expressed in terms of amplitude, for example instantaneous amplitudes, with reference to current or voltage waveforms.
  • the power monitoring module 110 may also determine a rate of change of one or both of the currently received waveform data and a current long-term waveform data average. For example, the rate of change may be determined with respect to one or more of a frequency and an amplitude of the currently received waveform data and the current long-term waveform data average. The power monitoring module 110 may compare one or both of the rate of change of the currently received waveform data and the rate of change of the current long-term waveform data average to a threshold rate.
  • the power monitoring module 110 may only begin comparing current waveform data or deviation values to waveform data or deviation values stored in the anomaly storage area 118 once the threshold rate is exceeded.
  • the threshold rate may be any value, and may be chosen based on the preferences of an operator of the power monitoring module 110.
  • step S220 the power monitoring module 110 signals the user system 120 based on the predicted service interruption. For example, once the power monitoring module 110 determines that service interruption is likely to occur in step S215, the power monitoring module 1 10 may send a message or signal to the user system 120 informing the user system 120 of both the likelihood of a service interruption and a type of the service interruption.
  • the user system 120 may execute protective measures which correspond to the type of service interruption indicated by the signals sent from the power monitoring module 110.
  • the user system 120 may be programmed to quickly shut down non-critical systems and activate an alternative power supply, followed by switching service to the alternative supply. Additionally or alternatively the user system 120 may instruct certain electronic memory devices to save any critical data to a non-volatile memory location. In cases where power switching is possible, but produces errors when machines are running, the user system 120 could pause operation of certain machines until the power sources are switched. Many other control commands are possible as well.
  • the users system 120 may be programmed to take less severe measures including powering down non-essential appliances and those electronic devices which could be damaged by operating under low voltage power supply conditions.
  • the power monitoring module 110 may identify any number of different types of service interruptions.
  • the user system 120 may be programmed to take any number of different types of preventative measures corresponding to the specific conditions of each of the different types of service interruptions. For each set of conditions, the preventative measures taken by the user system 120 may be chosen in order to address the different dangers to appliances of the user system 120 represented by those conditions.
  • the information gathered using any of the power monitoring module 1 10 can be used to first create a library of waveforms, and then, subsequently, to monitor the connected system for waveforms indicative of potential power supply problems. Then, when indicative waveforms are detected, the power monitoring module 110 can direct remedial or preventative action for the connected system.
  • An advantage provided by the ability to predicting service interruptions before they occur is the empowerment of the user system 120 with the ability to perform proactively to prevent damage or data loss which would result from imminent service interruption, as opposed to simply acting reactively to fix damage or data loss after the service interruption has already begun.
  • An advantage provided by the dynamic formation of the library of waveforms is the ability to tailor the process of detecting service interruptions to the particular waveforms experienced by the user unit 120, as opposed to applying a one-size- fits-all form of waveform analysis and service interruption detection.
  • Electric power supply interruptions can detrimentally impact electric power users and delivery companies.
  • the system, method and apparatus according to example embodiments of the invention provide a way to give advance warning to users that there is the potential for an imminent power interruption or serious disruption in power quality.
  • advance warning the electric power customer can initiate actions such as switching to an alternate utility feed or on-site generator.
  • the customer could take steps to protect critical equipment or processes by transferring the short term power supply to batteries or just shutting them down.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'analyse de puissance fournie à un système utilisateur par l'intermédiaire d'une ligne d'alimentation électrique, le procédé comprenant la mesure, par un module de surveillance de puissance, d'une ou de plusieurs unités de données de forme d'onde du moment correspondant à la puissance fournie ; la comparaison, par le module de surveillance de puissance, de l'unité ou des unités de données de forme d'onde du moment à une ou plusieurs unités de données de forme d'onde d'anomalie, les données de forme d'onde d'anomalie étant des données de forme d'onde associées à une première interruption de service dans la puissance fournie ; la prédiction, par le module de surveillance de puissance, qu'une interruption de service va se produire dans le futur en ce qui concerne la puissance fournie, sur la base de la comparaison ; et l'envoi d'un message de signalisation au système utilisateur à partir de l'unité de surveillance de puissance, le message indiquant l'interruption de service prédite.
PCT/US2013/065558 2012-11-30 2013-10-18 Prédiction de l'interruption d'un service électrique WO2014084980A1 (fr)

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US201261731569P 2012-11-30 2012-11-30
US61/731,569 2012-11-30

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EP3223022A1 (fr) * 2016-03-21 2017-09-27 Schneider Electric USA Inc. Procédé de déduction de temps d'arrêt à partir de données de qualité de la puissance
EP3229031A1 (fr) * 2016-04-04 2017-10-11 Schneider Electric USA Inc. Procédé et système d'analyse de formes d'onde dans des systèmes de puissance
WO2022135789A1 (fr) * 2020-12-21 2022-06-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé de disjoncteur
CN115907168A (zh) * 2022-11-28 2023-04-04 浙江浙能能源服务有限公司 一种用于电力负荷预测的异常数据处理系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3223022A1 (fr) * 2016-03-21 2017-09-27 Schneider Electric USA Inc. Procédé de déduction de temps d'arrêt à partir de données de qualité de la puissance
CN107219413A (zh) * 2016-03-21 2017-09-29 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 用于从电能质量数据推断故障停机的方法
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CN107219413B (zh) * 2016-03-21 2021-02-12 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 用于从电能质量数据推断故障停机的方法
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WO2022135789A1 (fr) * 2020-12-21 2022-06-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé de disjoncteur
CN115907168A (zh) * 2022-11-28 2023-04-04 浙江浙能能源服务有限公司 一种用于电力负荷预测的异常数据处理系统

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