WO2014073101A1 - 液晶組成物、液晶表示素子および液晶ディスプレイ - Google Patents
液晶組成物、液晶表示素子および液晶ディスプレイ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014073101A1 WO2014073101A1 PCT/JP2012/079233 JP2012079233W WO2014073101A1 WO 2014073101 A1 WO2014073101 A1 WO 2014073101A1 JP 2012079233 W JP2012079233 W JP 2012079233W WO 2014073101 A1 WO2014073101 A1 WO 2014073101A1
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
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- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
- C09K2019/0448—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the end chain group being a polymerizable end group, e.g. -Sp-P or acrylate
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
- C09K2019/121—Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
- C09K2019/301—Cy-Cy-Ph
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
- C09K2019/3016—Cy-Ph-Ph
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
- C09K2019/3021—Cy-Ph-Ph-Cy
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
- C09K2019/3027—Compounds comprising 1,4-cyclohexylene and 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition, a liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display.
- Liquid crystal display elements are used in various measuring instruments, automobile panels, word processors, electronic notebooks, printers, computers, televisions, watches, advertisement display boards, etc., including clocks and calculators.
- Typical liquid crystal display methods include TN (twisted nematic) type, STN (super twisted nematic) type, VA (vertical alignment) type using TFT (thin film transistor), and IPS (in-plane Switching) type.
- the liquid crystal composition used in these liquid crystal display elements is stable against external factors such as moisture, air, heat, light, etc., and exhibits a liquid crystal phase in the widest possible temperature range centering on room temperature, and has low viscosity. And a low driving voltage is required. Further, several to several tens of kinds of liquid crystal compositions are used in order to optimize the dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) and the refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ n) for each display element. It is comprised from the compound of this.
- a liquid crystal composition having a negative ⁇ is used, which is widely used for a liquid crystal TV and the like.
- low voltage driving, high-speed response, and a wide operating temperature range are required in all driving systems. That is, ⁇ is positive, the absolute value is large, the viscosity ( ⁇ ) is small, and a high nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (T ni ) is required.
- T ni nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature
- T ni nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature
- ⁇ n ⁇ d which is the product of ⁇ n and the cell gap (d)
- it is necessary to adjust ⁇ n of the liquid crystal composition to an appropriate range according to the cell gap when applying a liquid crystal display element to a television or the like, since high-speed response is important, a liquid crystal composition having a low rotational viscosity ( ⁇ 1 ) is required.
- liquid crystal display elements has expanded, and there has been a significant change in the method of use and manufacturing method.
- VA vertical alignment
- IPS in-plane switching
- the size thereof is an ultra-large size display element of 50 type or more.
- the liquid crystal composition is injected into the substrate by a drop injection (ODF: One Drop Drop) method from the conventional vacuum injection method (see Patent Document 3).
- ODF Drop Drop
- the dripping mark is defined as a phenomenon in which the mark on which the liquid crystal composition is dripped emerges white when displaying black.
- PS liquid crystal display elements (polymer stabilized, polymer stabilized), PSA liquid crystal display elements (polymer sustained alignment, polymer sustaining alignment) have been developed for the purpose of high-speed response control of the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal material in the liquid crystal display element (
- the above-mentioned problem is a larger problem.
- these display elements are characterized by adding a monomer to a liquid crystal composition and curing the monomer in the composition.
- the liquid crystal composition for active matrix needs to maintain a high voltage holding ratio, the use of a compound having an ester bond is limited, and the number of usable compounds is small.
- Monomers used for PSA liquid crystal display elements are mainly acrylate-based, and acrylate-based compounds generally have an ester bond.
- Acrylate compounds are not normally used as active matrix liquid crystal compounds (see Patent Document 4).
- a large amount of the acrylate compound is contained in the liquid crystal composition for active matrix, generation of dripping marks is induced, and the yield of the liquid crystal display element is deteriorated due to display defects.
- additives such as antioxidants and light absorbers
- the present invention relates to dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), viscosity ( ⁇ ), upper limit temperature of nematic phase (T ni ), stability of nematic phase at low temperature (solubility), rotational viscosity ( ⁇ 1 ), seizure. It is an object to provide a liquid crystal composition having good characteristics, hardly causing dripping marks at the time of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element, and capable of stable ejection in an ODF process, a liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display And
- the present inventors have studied the structures of various liquid crystal compositions that are optimal for the production of liquid crystal display elements by a dropping method, and used a specific liquid crystal compound at a specific mixing ratio to produce a liquid crystal. The inventors have found that the generation of dripping marks in the display element can be suppressed, and have completed the present invention. That is, the first embodiment of the present invention is the following liquid crystal composition (i) to (iX).
- a liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy comprising at least one of compounds represented by the following formula (1.1) or formula (1.2), and having a different dielectric constant Among the compounds represented by the following formula (2.1) or the formula (2.2), the component (B) which is a dielectrically neutral component having an orientation greater than ⁇ 2 and smaller than +2,
- a liquid crystal composition comprising a dielectrically negative component (A) containing at least one and having a dielectric anisotropy of ⁇ 2 or less.
- the content of the compound represented by the formula (1.1) is 7% by mass or more based on the total amount of the liquid crystal composition, as described in any one of (i) to (iii) above Liquid crystal composition.
- R 1 represents an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
- R 2 represents an alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
- a second embodiment of the present invention is a liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal composition of the first embodiment.
- a third embodiment of the present invention is a liquid crystal display using the liquid crystal display element of the second embodiment.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), a viscosity ( ⁇ ), an upper limit temperature of a nematic phase (T ni ), a stability of a nematic phase at a low temperature (solubility), and a rotational viscosity ( ⁇ 1 ) and the like are good, and stable ejection is possible in the ODF process during the production of the liquid crystal display element.
- a liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is excellent in high-speed response, has less image sticking, and has less generation of dripping marks due to the ODF process during production. Therefore, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is useful for display elements such as liquid crystal TVs and monitors.
- the detailed process of generating dripping marks is not clear at this time.
- impurities in the liquid crystal compound liquid crystal composition
- the interaction between the alignment films, the chromatographic phenomenon, and the like are related to the occurrence of dropping marks.
- the presence or absence of impurities in the liquid crystal compound is greatly affected by the manufacturing process of the compound.
- examination of the optimal process and raw material is performed for each individual compound. Even when producing a compound similar to a known compound, but only having a different number of side chains, the process is not necessarily similar or identical to the process of the known compound.
- liquid crystal compound Since a liquid crystal compound is manufactured by a precise manufacturing process, its cost is high among chemical products, and improvement in manufacturing efficiency is strongly demanded. Therefore, in order to use a raw material that is as cheap as possible, even when producing a similar compound with only one different number of side chains, it is possible to use a completely different raw material instead of a known raw material. May be efficient. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal original material (liquid crystal composition) may be different for each raw material, and even if the process is the same, the raw materials are mostly different. As a result, different impurities are often mixed for each active ingredient. On the other hand, dripping marks may be generated by a very small amount of impurities, and there is a limit to suppressing the generation of dripping marks only by refining the original substance.
- liquid crystal raw material manufacturing method tends to be fixed for each base material after the manufacturing process is established. Even with the current development of analytical technology, it is not easy to completely clarify what impurities are mixed in, but liquid crystals are assumed on the assumption that impurities are mixed in each drug substance. It is necessary to design the composition.
- the present inventors have found that impurities contained in the liquid crystal composition are difficult to generate dropping marks, and dropping marks are generated. It was empirically clarified that there is an easy impurity. Furthermore, in order to suppress generation
- the liquid crystal composition of the first embodiment of the present invention is a liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy, and includes a component (A) and a component (B).
- Component (A) contains at least one of the compounds represented by the following formula (2.1) or formula (2.2), and has a dielectric negative anisotropy of “ ⁇ 2 or less”. It is a component.
- Component (B) contains at least one of the compounds represented by the following formula (1.1) or formula (1.2), and the dielectric anisotropy is “greater than ⁇ 2 and smaller than +2”. Is a dielectrically neutral component.
- the dielectric anisotropy of each component and the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition are values measured at 25 ° C. by a conventional method.
- the compounds represented by the formula (1.1), the formula (1.2), the formula (2.1), and the formula (2.2) are respectively a compound (1.1) and a compound. It describes as (1.2), a compound (2.1), and a compound (2.2).
- the content of the compound (1.1) in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 7% or more with respect to the total mass of the liquid crystal composition. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 35%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 25%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 15% to 21%.
- the content of the compound (1.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 1-30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 2%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 18% to 25%.
- the content of the compound (2.1) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 6%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 13% to 18%.
- the content of the compound (2.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 20%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 15%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 4% to 10%.
- the total content of the compound (1.1) and the compound (1.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 40%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 25%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 20%.
- the total content of the compound (2.1) and the compound (2.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 20%.
- the total content of the compound (1.1), the compound (1.2), the compound (2.1) and the compound (2.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 5-60%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 40%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 15% to 25%.
- the following embodiments can be exemplified as the content of each compound in the liquid crystal composition.
- the content of compound (1.1) is 2-25% and the content of compound (2.1) is 1-16%.
- the content of compound (1.1) is 4-12% and the content of compound (2.1) is 1-6%.
- the content of compound (1.1) is 18 to 25%, and the content of compound (2.1) is 10 to 16%.
- the following embodiments can be exemplified as the content of each compound in the liquid crystal composition.
- the content of compound (1.1) is 5-30% and the content of compound (2.2) is 1-10%.
- the content of compound (1.1) is 17-25% and the content of compound (2.2) is 2-7%.
- the content of compound (1.1) is 19 to 23%, and the content of compound (2.2) is 3 to 5%.
- the following embodiments can be exemplified as the content of each compound in the liquid crystal composition.
- the content of compound (1.2) is 1-30% and the content of compound (2.1) is 5-20%.
- the content of compound (1.2) is 20-25% and the content of compound (2.1) is 12-16%.
- the content of compound (1.2) is 2 to 6%, and the content of compound (2.1) is 6 to 11%.
- the following embodiments can be exemplified as the content of each compound in the liquid crystal composition.
- the content of compound (1.2) is 1-30% and the content of compound (2.2) is 1-20%.
- the content of compound (1.2) is 20-30% and the content of compound (2.2) is 1-5%.
- the content of compound (1.2) is 1 to 5%, and the content of compound (2.2) is 5 to 10%.
- the component (A) may contain at least one of the compounds represented by the following formula (3.1) or formula (3.2).
- the compounds represented by the following formula (3.1) and the following formula (3.2) are referred to as a compound (3.1) and a compound (3.2), respectively.
- the content of the compound (3.1) is preferably 15% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the liquid crystal composition. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 1-30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 4%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 14% to 20%.
- the content of the compound (3.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 13% to 25%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 15% to 20%.
- the total content of the compound (3.1) and the compound (3.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 35%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 25%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 20%.
- the total amount of compound (1.1), compound (1.2), compound (2.1), compound (2.2), compound (3.1) and compound (3.2) in the liquid crystal composition The content is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 90%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 20% to 80%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 30% to 70%.
- the component (B) may contain a compound represented by the following general formula (4).
- R 1 represents an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the total content of the compound group represented by the general formula (4) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 10% to 40%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 15% to 35%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 20% to 30%.
- the total content of the compounds represented by formula (1.1), formula (1.2), formula (2.1), formula (2.2) and formula (4) in the liquid crystal composition is There is no particular limitation. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 30% to 70%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 35% to 60%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 40% to 55%. It is represented by the formula (1.1), formula (1.2), formula (2.1), formula (2.2), formula (3.1), formula (3.2) and formula (4).
- the total content of the compound in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 35% to 90%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 40% to 80%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 45% to 70%.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (4) include compounds represented by the following formulas (4.0) to (4.6) (hereinafter referred to as compounds (4.0) to (4.6). ).
- the content of the compound (4.0) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 35%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 30%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 15% to 25%.
- the content of the compound (4.1) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 35%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 30%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 15% to 25%.
- the content of the compound (4.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 25%.
- the content is 10% to 20%.
- the content of the compound (4.3) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 10%.
- the content of the compound (4.4) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 10%.
- the content of the compound (4.5) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 30%.
- the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 10%.
- the content of the compound (4.6) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 10%.
- the following embodiments can be exemplified as the content of each compound in the liquid crystal composition.
- the content of compound (4.0) is 15-30% and the content of compound (4.2) is 2-15%.
- the content of compound (4.0) is 18-27%, and the content of compound (4.2) is 2-10%.
- the content of compound (4.0) is 20 to 25%, and the content of compound (4.2) is 2 to 5%.
- each compound in the liquid crystal composition The following embodiment can be illustrated as content of.
- the content of the compound (4.0) is 15 to 30%
- the content of the compound (4.2) is 2 to 15%
- the compound (1.2 ) Is 1 to 10%
- the content of compound (2.2) is 2 to 12%.
- the content of compound (4.0) is 18-27%
- the content of compound (4.2) is 2-10%
- compound (1.2 ) Is 1 to 7%
- the content of compound (2.2) is 3 to 10%.
- the content of the compound (4.0) is 20 to 25%
- the content of the compound (4.2) is 2 to 5%
- the content of 2) is 1 to 4%
- the content of compound (2.2) is 4 to 8%.
- each of the liquid crystal compositions The following embodiment can be illustrated as content of a compound.
- the content of the compound (4.2) is 3 to 10%, the content of the compound (1.1) is 12 to 30%, and the compound (2.1) The content of is 10 to 20%, and the content of the compound (3.1) is 10 to 25%.
- the content of compound (4.2) is 4-9%, the content of compound (1.1) is 16-26%, and compound (2.1) The content of is 14 to 17%, and the content of the compound (3.1) is 15 to 22%.
- the content of the compound (4.2) is 5 to 8%, the content of the compound (1.1) is 20 to 23%, and the compound (2.1 ) Is 12 to 15%, and the content of compound (3.1) is 17 to 20%.
- the component (A) may contain a compound represented by the following general formula (5) or general formula (6).
- R 2 represents an alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the total content in the liquid crystal composition of the compound group represented by the general formula (5) and the general formula (6) is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 8-30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 11% to 27%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 14% to 24%.
- the liquid crystal composition of the compound group represented by the formula (1.1), formula (1.2), formula (2.1), formula (2.2), formula (5) and formula (6) The total content of is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 25% to 90%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 30% to 75%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 35% to 60%.
- the total content of the compound group represented by 6) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 35% to 100%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 45% to 90%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 50% to 80%.
- Specific examples of the compounds represented by the general formula (5) and the general formula (6) include compounds represented by the following formulas (5.1) to (5.3) (hereinafter referred to as compound (5.1)). To the compound (5.3)), and the compounds represented by the following formulas (6.1) to (6.3) (hereinafter referred to as the compound (6.1) to the compound (6.3)) Notation.)
- the content of the compound (5.1) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 2% to 20%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 4% to 18%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 16%.
- the content of the compound (5.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 2% to 20%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 4% to 18%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 16%.
- the content of the compound (5.3) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 20%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 15%.
- the content is 3% to 10%.
- the content of the compound (6.1) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 3% to 30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 25%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 20%.
- the content of the compound (6.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 3% to 30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 25%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 20%.
- the content of the compound (6.3) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 1-30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 10%.
- the component (A) may contain a compound represented by the following general formula (7).
- R 3 represents an alkyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms.
- the total content of the compound group represented by the general formula (7) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 1-30%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 15%.
- the total content of the compounds represented by formula (1.1), formula (1.2), formula (2.1), formula (2.2) and formula (7) in the liquid crystal composition is There is no particular limitation. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 10% to 40%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 15% to 35%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 20% to 30%. It is represented by the formula (1.1), formula (1.2), formula (2.1), formula (2.2), formula (3.1), formula (3.2) and formula (7).
- the total content of the compound in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 25% to 60%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 30% to 50%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 35% to 45%.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (7) include compounds represented by the following formulas (7.1) to (7.2) (hereinafter referred to as compound (7.1) to compound (7.2). ).
- the content of the compound (7.1) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 8% to 15%.
- the content of the compound (7.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 20%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 15%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 10%.
- the following embodiment can be exemplified as the content of each compound in the liquid crystal composition.
- the content of compound (7.1) is 5-20% and the content of compound (1.1) is 10-20%.
- the content of compound (7.1) is 8-15%, and the content of compound (1.1) is 12-17%.
- the content of compound (7.1) is 10 to 13%, and the content of compound (1.1) is 12 to 15%.
- the component (A) may contain a compound represented by the following general formula (8).
- R 4 represents an alkyl group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms
- R 5 represents an alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms.
- the total content of the compound group represented by the general formula (8) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 2% to 40%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 35%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 25%.
- the total content of the compounds represented by formula (1.1), formula (1.2), formula (2.1), formula (2.2) and formula (8) in the liquid crystal composition is There is no particular limitation. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 60%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 18% to 50%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 24% to 40%.
- the total content of the compound in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 30% to 70%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 35% to 55%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 35% to 45%.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (8) include compounds represented by the following formula (8.1) to formula (8.8) (hereinafter referred to as compound (8.1) to compound (8.8). ).
- the content of the compound (8.1) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 8% to 15%.
- the content of the compound (8.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 8% to 15%.
- the content of the compound (8.3) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 20%.
- the content is 8% to 15%.
- the content of the compound (8.4) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 8% to 15%.
- the content of the compound (8.5) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 8% to 15%.
- the content of the compound (8.6) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 25%.
- the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 8% to 15%.
- the content of the compound (8.7) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 8% to 15%.
- the content of the compound (8.8) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 3% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 4% to 20%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 12%.
- the component (B) may contain a compound represented by the following general formula (9).
- R 6 represents an alkyl group having 3 or 5 carbon atoms
- R 7 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- the content of the compound group represented by the general formula (9) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the content is 2% to 20%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 15%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 10%.
- the total content of the compounds represented by formula (1.1), formula (1.2), formula (2.1), formula (2.2) and formula (9) in the liquid crystal composition is There is no particular limitation. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 5% to 40%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 10% to 30%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 15% to 25%. It is represented by the formula (1.1), formula (1.2), formula (2.1), formula (2.2), formula (3.1), formula (3.2), and formula (9).
- the total content of the compound in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 25% to 60%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 35% to 50%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 35% to 45%.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (9) include compounds represented by the following formulas (9.1) to (9.12) (hereinafter referred to as compounds (9.1) to (9.12). ).
- the content of the compound (9.1) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 12%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 6%.
- the content of the compound (9.2) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 12%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 6%.
- the content of the compound (9.3) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 12%.
- the content is 1% to 6%.
- the content of the compound (9.4) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 12%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 6%.
- the content of the compound (9.5) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 12%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 6%.
- the content of the compound (9.6) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 25%.
- the content is 1% to 12%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 1% to 6%.
- the content of the compound (9.7) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 4% to 18%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 12%.
- the content of the compound (9.8) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 4% to 18%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 12%.
- the content of the compound (9.9) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited.
- the content is 2% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 4% to 18%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 12%.
- the content of the compound (9.10) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 4% to 18%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 12%.
- the content of the compound (9.11) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 4% to 18%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 12%.
- the content of the compound (9.12) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content is 2% to 25%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 4% to 18%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content is 6% to 12%.
- the content of each compound in the liquid crystal composition is as follows: Embodiments can be exemplified. In one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the compound (9.7) is 4 to 20%, the content of the compound (1.2) is 2 to 20%, and the compound (2.2) The content of is 4 to 20%. In another embodiment of the present invention, the content of compound (9.7) is 6-13%, the content of compound (1.2) is 3-10%, and compound (2.2) The content of is 6 to 13%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the content of compound (9.7) is 8 to 11%, the content of compound (1.2) is 4 to 7%, and compound (2.2 ) Is 8 to 11%.
- the component (A) may contain a compound represented by the following formula (a1).
- the content of the compound represented by the formula (a1) in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 2 to 20%, more preferably 5 to 16%, still more preferably 7 to 13%.
- the component (A) may contain a compound represented by the following formula (a2).
- the content of the compound represented by the formula (a2) in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 1 to 10%, more preferably 1 to 6%, still more preferably 1 to 4%.
- the compound represented by the formula (a2) is a compound (4.2), a compound (3.1), a compound (1.1) or a compound (2.1), It is preferable to use in combination.
- the component (B) may additionally contain a compound represented by the following formula (b1).
- the content thereof is preferably 1 to 25%, more preferably 5 to 20%, still more preferably 7 to 15% in the liquid crystal composition.
- a compound having two or more fluorine atoms specifically, the formula (2.1), formula (2.2), formula (3.1), formula (3.2), Formula (5.1) to Formula (5.3), Formula (6.1) to Formula (6.3), Formula (7.1), Formula (7.2), Formula (8.1) to Formula
- the proportion of the compound represented by (8.8) and the formula (a1) is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the invention, the percentage is 50-90%. In another embodiment of the invention, the percentage is 55-85%. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the ratio is 60% to 70%.
- the content ratio (mixing ratio) of the dielectrically negative component (A) and the dielectrically neutral component (B) is as long as the liquid crystal composition has negative dielectric anisotropy.
- a component (A) is included more than a component (B).
- the liquid crystal composition preferably contains 50% or more of the component (A) having negative dielectric anisotropy, more preferably 55 to 90%, and still more preferably 55 to 85%.
- Dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ⁇ ) is preferably ⁇ 2.0 to ⁇ 5.0 at 25 ° C., and preferably ⁇ 2.5 to ⁇ 4.5. A more preferred range is ⁇ 3.0 to ⁇ 4.0. More specifically, when emphasizing the response speed, it is preferably ⁇ 2.3 to ⁇ 3.4, and when emphasizing the driving voltage, it is preferably ⁇ 3.4 to ⁇ 4.0. .
- the refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ n) of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is preferably 0.08 to 0.13, more preferably 0.085 to 0.125 at 25 ° C., and 0 More preferably, it is 0.09 to 0.12. More specifically, when it corresponds to a thin cell gap, it is preferably 0.10 to 0.12, and when it corresponds to a thick cell gap, it is preferably 0.08 to 0.10.
- Rotational viscosity ( ⁇ 1 ) is preferably 220 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 200 mPa ⁇ s or less, still more preferably 180 mPa ⁇ s or less, and particularly preferably 160 mPa ⁇ s or less at 25 ° C.
- Z which is a function of rotational viscosity and refractive index anisotropy, preferably shows a specific value.
- ⁇ 1 rotational viscosity
- ⁇ n refractive index anisotropy
- Z is preferably 25000 or less, more preferably 20000 or less, and even more preferably 15000 or less.
- the viscosity ( ⁇ ) of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is preferably 34 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 30 mPa ⁇ s or less, still more preferably 26 mPa ⁇ s or less, and particularly preferably 22 mPa ⁇ s or less at 20 ° C.
- Specific resistance of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention in the case of using the active matrix display device, preferably 10 11 ( ⁇ ⁇ m) or more, more preferably 10 12 ( ⁇ ⁇ m) or more, 10 13 ( ⁇ ⁇ m) or more is more preferable, and 10 14 ( ⁇ ⁇ m) or more is particularly preferable.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention may contain a component (C) not corresponding to the component (A) or the component (B).
- the content of the component (C) in the liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20% or less, preferably 1 to 10%, more preferably 1 to 6%.
- the component (C) may contain a compound having a dielectric anisotropy of “+2 or more” and a positive dielectric anisotropy, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (c1). .
- the content thereof is preferably 1 to 20%, more preferably 2 to 10%, and further preferably 3 to 7% in the liquid crystal composition.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention may contain a normal nematic liquid crystal, a smectic liquid crystal, a cholesteric liquid crystal, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a polymerizable monomer, and the like in addition to the above-described compounds.
- a polymerizable monomer a bifunctional monomer represented by the following general formula (VI) is preferable.
- X 7 and X 8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Sp 1 and Sp 2 are each independently a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or —O— (CH 2 ) s —.
- Z 2 represents —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CF 2 CF 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—COO—, —CH ⁇ CH—OCO—, —COO—CH ⁇ CH—, —OCO—CH ⁇ CH—, —COO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —OCO—CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —COO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —OCO—, —COO—CH 2 —, —OCO—CH 2 —, —CH 2 —COO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —OCO—, —COO—CH 2 —, —OCO—CH 2 —, —CH 2 —COO—, —CH 2 —OCO—, —CY 1 ⁇ CY 2 — (Wherein Y 1 and Y 2
- X 7 and X 8 are both diacrylate derivatives each representing a hydrogen atom, and both are dimethacrylate derivatives having a methyl group, and compounds in which one represents a hydrogen atom and the other represents a methyl group are also preferred.
- diacrylate derivatives are the fastest, dimethacrylate derivatives are slow, asymmetric compounds are in the middle, and a preferred embodiment can be used depending on the application.
- a dimethacrylate derivative is particularly preferable.
- Sp 1 and Sp 2 each independently represent a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or —O— (CH 2 ) s —, but at least one of them is a single bond in a PSA display element.
- a compound in which both represent a single bond or one in which one represents a single bond and the other represents an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or —O— (CH 2 ) s — is preferable.
- 1 to 4 alkyl groups are preferable, and s is preferably 1 to 4.
- Z 2 represents —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CF 2 CF 2 — or a single bond
- B represents a 1,4-phenylene group, a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a single bond in which any hydrogen atom may be substituted by a fluorine atom, but a 1,4-phenylene group or a single bond is preferred.
- Z 2 is preferably a linking group other than a single bond
- Z 2 is preferably a single bond.
- the ring structure between Sp 1 and Sp 2 is specifically preferably the structure described below.
- the polymerizable compounds containing these skeletons are optimal for PSA-type liquid crystal display elements because of the alignment regulating power after polymerization, and a good alignment state can be obtained, so that display unevenness is suppressed or does not occur at all.
- the polymerizable monomer the following formulas (VI-1) to (VI-4) are particularly preferable, and the following formula (VI-2) is most preferable.
- Sp 2 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the content of the bifunctional monomer in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 2% or less, and 1.5% or less. More preferably, it is more preferably 1% or less, particularly preferably 0.5% or less, and most preferably 0.4% or less.
- production of the said dripping trace can be reduced as it is 2% or less.
- the polymerization proceeds even when no polymerization initiator is present, but may contain a polymerization initiator in order to promote the polymerization.
- the polymerization initiator include benzoin ethers, benzophenones, acetophenones, benzyl ketals, acylphosphine oxides, and the like.
- a stabilizer may be added in order to improve storage stability.
- Examples of the stabilizer that can be used include hydroquinones, hydroquinone monoalkyl ethers, tert-butylcatechols, pyrogallols, thiophenols, nitro compounds, ⁇ -naphthylamines, ⁇ -naphthols, nitroso compounds, and the like. It is done.
- the polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition of the present invention is useful for a liquid crystal display device, particularly useful for a liquid crystal display device for active matrix driving, and a liquid crystal display for PSA mode, PSVA mode, VA mode, IPS mode or ECB mode. It can be used for an element.
- the polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition of the present invention is provided with liquid crystal alignment ability by polymerizing the polymerizable compound contained therein by ultraviolet irradiation, and controls the amount of light transmitted using the birefringence of the liquid crystal composition.
- liquid crystal display elements used for liquid crystal display elements.
- AM-LCD active matrix liquid crystal display element
- TN nematic liquid crystal display element
- STN-LCD super twisted nematic liquid crystal display element
- OCB-LCD and IPS-LCD in-plane switching liquid crystal display element
- the two substrates of the liquid crystal cell used in the liquid crystal display element can be made of a transparent material having flexibility such as glass or plastic, and one of them can be an opaque material such as silicon.
- a transparent substrate having a transparent electrode layer can be obtained, for example, by sputtering indium tin oxide (ITO) on a transparent substrate such as a glass plate.
- the substrate is opposed so that the transparent electrode layer is on the inside.
- the thickness of the obtained light control layer is 1 to 100 ⁇ m. More preferably, the thickness is 1.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the polarizing plate it is preferable to adjust the product of the refractive index anisotropy ⁇ n of the liquid crystal and the cell thickness d so that the contrast is maximized.
- the polarizing axis of each polarizing plate can be adjusted so that the viewing angle and contrast are good.
- a retardation film for widening the viewing angle can also be used.
- the spacer examples include glass particles, plastic particles, alumina particles, and a photoresist material.
- a sealant such as an epoxy thermosetting composition is screen-printed on the substrates with a liquid crystal inlet provided, the substrates are bonded together, and heated to thermally cure the sealant.
- a normal vacuum injection method or an ODF method can be used as a method of sandwiching the polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition between the two substrates.
- a drop mark is not generated, but there is a problem that an injection mark remains.
- it can use more suitably in the display element manufactured using ODF method.
- a method capable of obtaining an appropriate polymerization rate is desirable in order to obtain good alignment performance of the liquid crystal.
- a method of polymerizing by using active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams alone or in combination or sequentially irradiating a plurality of types of active energy rays is preferable.
- active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams alone or in combination or sequentially irradiating a plurality of types of active energy rays is preferable.
- active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams alone or in combination or sequentially irradiating a plurality of types of active energy rays is preferable.
- a polarized light source or a non-polarized light source may be used.
- the polymerization is performed in a state where the polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition is sandwiched between two substrates, at least the substrate on the irradiation surface side must be given appropriate transparency to the active energy rays. I must
- the orientation state of the unpolymerized part is changed by changing conditions such as an electric field, a magnetic field, or temperature, and further irradiation with active energy rays is performed. Then, it is possible to use a means for polymerization.
- a means for polymerization In particular, when ultraviolet exposure is performed, it is preferable to perform ultraviolet exposure while applying an alternating electric field to the polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition.
- the alternating electric field to be applied is preferably an alternating current having a frequency of 10 Hz to 10 kHz, and more preferably a frequency of 60 Hz to 10 kHz.
- the voltage is selected depending on the desired pretilt angle of the liquid crystal display element. That is, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal display element can be controlled by the applied voltage. In the MVA mode liquid crystal display element, the pretilt angle is preferably controlled from 80 degrees to 89.9 degrees from the viewpoint of alignment stability and contrast.
- the temperature during irradiation is preferably within a temperature range in which the liquid crystal state of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is maintained. Polymerization is preferably performed at a temperature close to room temperature, that is, typically at a temperature of 15 to 35 ° C.
- a lamp for generating ultraviolet rays a metal halide lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, or the like can be used.
- a wavelength of the ultraviolet-rays to irradiate it is preferable to irradiate the ultraviolet-ray of the wavelength range which is not the absorption wavelength range of a liquid crystal composition, and it is preferable to cut and use an ultraviolet-ray as needed.
- Intensity of ultraviolet irradiation is preferably from 0.1mW / cm 2 ⁇ 100W / cm 2, 2mW / cm 2 ⁇ 50W / cm 2 is more preferable.
- the amount of energy of ultraviolet rays to be irradiated can be adjusted as appropriate, but is preferably 10 mJ / cm 2 to 500 J / cm 2, and more preferably 100 mJ / cm 2 to 200 J / cm 2 .
- the intensity may be changed.
- the time for irradiating with ultraviolet rays is appropriately selected depending on the intensity of the irradiated ultraviolet rays, but is preferably from 10 seconds to 3600 seconds, and more preferably from 10 seconds to 600 seconds.
- the liquid crystal display element according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate having a common electrode made of a transparent conductive material, a pixel electrode made of a transparent conductive material, and each pixel. It is preferable to have a second substrate provided with a thin film transistor for controlling the provided pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal composition sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate.
- the liquid crystal composition the liquid crystal composition of the first embodiment is used.
- the alignment of liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied is substantially perpendicular to the substrate.
- the occurrence of dripping marks is greatly affected by the type and combination of liquid crystal compounds constituting the liquid crystal material (liquid crystal composition) to be injected.
- the types and combinations of members constituting the display element may affect the generation of dripping marks.
- the color filter or thin film transistor formed in the liquid crystal display element is separated from the liquid crystal composition only by a thin member such as an alignment film or a transparent electrode, the color filter or thin film transistor is not included in the liquid crystal composition.
- the thin film transistor in the liquid crystal display element is an inverted staggered type, since the drain electrode is formed so as to cover the gate electrode, the area of the thin film transistor tends to increase.
- the drain electrode is formed of a metal material such as copper, aluminum, chromium, titanium, molybdenum, and tantalum, and is generally subjected to passivation treatment.
- the protective film is generally thin, the alignment film is also thin, and there is a high possibility that the ionic substance will not be blocked. Therefore, when a conventional liquid crystal composition is used, a drop mark due to the interaction between the metal material and the liquid crystal composition is present. Occurrence occurred frequently.
- the liquid crystal composition of the first embodiment of the present invention the detailed mechanism has not been elucidated, but dropping has been a problem in the past. The generation of marks can be sufficiently reduced.
- the liquid crystal composition of the first embodiment of the present invention is suitable for a liquid crystal display device in which the thin film transistor as shown in FIG. 2 is an inverted staggered type, for example. In this case, it is preferable to use aluminum wiring.
- the liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal composition according to the first embodiment of the present invention is useful for achieving both high-speed response and suppression of display failure, and is particularly useful for a liquid crystal display device for active matrix driving. Applicable for mode, PSVA mode, PSA mode, IPS mode or ECB mode.
- the liquid crystal display of the present invention is obtained by applying the liquid crystal display element of the present invention to a display (display device) by a known method.
- the measured characteristics are as follows.
- T ni Nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (° C.)
- ⁇ n refractive index anisotropy at 25 ° C.
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy at 25 ° C.
- ⁇ viscosity at 20 ° C.
- mPa ⁇ s dielectric anisotropy at 25 ° C.
- ⁇ viscosity at 20 ° C.
- mPa ⁇ s dielectric anisotropy at 25 ° C.
- ⁇ viscosity at 20 ° C.
- mPa ⁇ s viscosity at 20 ° C.
- mPa ⁇ s rotational viscosity at 25 ° C.
- Initial voltage holding ratio (initial VHR): Voltage holding ratio (%) at 60 ° C. under conditions of frequency 60 Hz and applied voltage 1 V Voltage holding ratio after 1 hour at 150 ° C .: Voltage holding ratio (
- the burn-in evaluation of the liquid crystal display element is based on the following four-level evaluation of the afterimage level of the fixed pattern when the predetermined fixed pattern is displayed in the display area for 1000 hours and then the entire screen is uniformly displayed. went. ⁇ : No afterimage ⁇ : Very little afterimage but acceptable level ⁇ : Afterimage present, unacceptable level ⁇ : Afterimage present, very poor
- Evaluation of the drop marks of the liquid crystal display device was performed by the following four-stage evaluation of the drop marks that appeared white when the entire surface was displayed in black. ⁇ : No afterimage ⁇ : Very little afterimage but acceptable level ⁇ : Afterimage present, unacceptable level ⁇ : Afterimage present, very poor
- the process suitability is that the liquid crystal is dropped by 50 pL at a time using a constant volume metering pump 100000 times in the ODF process, and the following “0 to 100 times, 101 to 200 times, 201 to 300 times, ..., 99901 to 100,000 times ”, the change in the amount of liquid crystal dropped 100 times each was evaluated in the following four stages.
- ⁇ Slight change, but acceptable level
- ⁇ Change, unacceptable level (yield deteriorated due to spots)
- ⁇ There is a change and it is quite inferior (liquid crystal leakage and vacuum bubbles are generated)
- Example 1 Liquid crystal compositions having the compositions shown in Table 1 were prepared and measured for physical properties. Further, using the liquid crystal compositions of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, VA liquid crystal display elements shown in FIG. This liquid crystal display element has an inverted staggered thin film transistor as an active element. The liquid crystal composition was injected by a dropping method (ODF method). Further, the obtained display element was evaluated for image sticking, dripping marks, process suitability, and solubility at a low temperature by the above-described method. The results are also shown in Table 1.
- the compound represented by the chemical formula (b2) of Comparative Example 1 is a compound represented by the structural formula of the following formula (b2).
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 1 has a liquid crystal phase temperature range of 75.4 ° C. that is practical as a liquid crystal composition for TV, has a large absolute value of dielectric anisotropy, has a low rotational viscosity, and an optimum ⁇ n. Moreover, the solubility at low temperature is also good. Furthermore, the VA liquid crystal display device having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 manufactured using the liquid crystal composition of Example 1 showed extremely excellent results in evaluation of image sticking, dropping marks and process suitability. The VA liquid crystal display element was also excellent in the initial voltage holding ratio and the voltage holding ratio after 1 hour at 150 ° C.
- Example 2 Comparative Example 2
- a liquid crystal composition having the composition shown in Table 2 was prepared and measured for physical properties.
- the display elements produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the liquid crystal compositions of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 were evaluated for image sticking, dripping marks, process suitability, and solubility at low temperatures. The results are also shown in Table 2.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 2 has a liquid crystal phase temperature range of 74.6 ° C. that is practical as a liquid crystal composition for TV, has a large absolute value of dielectric anisotropy, low rotational viscosity, and optimum ⁇ n. Moreover, the solubility at low temperature is also excellent. Furthermore, the VA liquid crystal display element having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 manufactured using the liquid crystal composition of Example 2 showed extremely excellent results in evaluation of image sticking, dripping marks and process suitability. The VA liquid crystal display element was also excellent in the initial voltage holding ratio and the voltage holding ratio after 1 hour at 150 ° C.
- Examples 3 to 6 Liquid crystal compositions having the compositions shown in Table 3 were prepared and measured for physical properties.
- the display devices manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 using the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 3 to 6 were evaluated for image sticking, dripping marks, process suitability, and solubility at low temperatures. The results are also shown in Table 3.
- the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 3 to 6 have a liquid crystal phase temperature range of 76.5 to 97.9 ° C. that is practical as a liquid crystal composition for TV, and also have good refractive index anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy. It is.
- the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 3, 5, and 6 were extremely excellent in solubility evaluation at low temperatures.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 3 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking, dripping marks and process suitability.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 4 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking and dropping marks.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 5 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking and process suitability.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 6 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking and dropping marks.
- the VA liquid crystal display elements of Examples 3 to 6 showed excellent results with respect to the initial voltage holding ratio and the voltage holding ratio after 1 hour at 150 ° C.
- Example 7 to 10 Liquid crystal compositions having the compositions shown in Table 4 were prepared and measured for physical properties.
- the display devices manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 using the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 7 to 10 were evaluated for image sticking, dripping marks, process suitability, and solubility at low temperatures. The results are also shown in Table 4.
- the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 7 to 10 have a liquid crystal phase temperature range of 71.7 to 77.3 ° C. that is practical as a liquid crystal composition for TV, and also have good refractive index anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy. It is.
- the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 7, 8, and 10 were extremely excellent in solubility evaluation at low temperatures.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 7 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking, dripping marks and process suitability.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 8 was extremely excellent in evaluating the dropping marks.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 9 was extremely excellent in image sticking and evaluation of dripping marks.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 10 was extremely excellent in evaluating process compatibility.
- the VA liquid crystal display elements of Examples 7 to 10 showed excellent results with respect to the initial voltage holding ratio and the voltage holding ratio after 1 hour at 150 ° C.
- Examples 11 to 14 Liquid crystal compositions having the compositions shown in Table 5 were prepared and measured for physical properties.
- the display devices manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 using the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 11 to 14 were evaluated for image sticking, dripping marks, process suitability, and solubility at low temperatures. The results are also shown in Table 5.
- the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 11 to 14 have a liquid crystal phase temperature range of 78.9 to 79.9 ° C. that is practical as a liquid crystal composition for TV, and also have good refractive index anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy. It is.
- the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 11 to 14 were very excellent in solubility evaluation at low temperatures.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 11 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking, dripping marks and process suitability.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 12 was extremely excellent in the evaluation of dropping marks and process suitability.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 13 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking and process suitability.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 14 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking and dropping marks.
- the VA liquid crystal display elements of Examples 11 to 14 showed excellent results with respect to the initial voltage holding ratio and the voltage holding ratio after 1 hour at 150 ° C.
- Examples 15 to 18 Liquid crystal compositions having the compositions shown in Table 6 were prepared and measured for physical properties.
- the display devices manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 using the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 15 to 18 were evaluated for image sticking, dripping marks, process suitability, and solubility at low temperatures. The results are also shown in Table 6.
- the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 15 to 18 have a liquid crystal phase temperature range of 74.4 to 77.1 ° C. that is practical as a liquid crystal composition for TV, and also have good refractive index anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy. It is.
- the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 15 to 18 were extremely excellent in solubility evaluation at low temperatures.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 15 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking, dripping marks and process suitability.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 16 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking and dropping marks.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 17 was extremely excellent in evaluation of image sticking and process suitability.
- the VA liquid crystal display element of Example 18 was extremely excellent in evaluating dripping marks and process suitability.
- the VA liquid crystal display elements of Examples 15 to 18 showed excellent results with respect to the initial voltage holding ratio and the voltage holding ratio after 1 hour at 150 ° C.
- the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention is widely applicable in the fields of liquid crystal display elements and liquid crystal displays.
Abstract
Description
本発明の第三実施態様は、第二実施態様の液晶表示素子を用いたことを特徴とする液晶ディスプレイである。
また、本発明の液晶組成物を用いた液晶表示素子は高速応答性に優れ、焼き付きの発生が少なく、製造時のODF工程に起因する滴下痕の発生が少ない。したがって、本発明の液晶組成物は液晶TV、モニター等の表示素子に有用である。
以下、特に明示しない限り、「%」は質量%を意味する。
本発明の第一実施態様の液晶組成物は、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶組成物であって、成分(A)及び成分(B)を含む。
成分(A)は、下記式(2.1)又は式(2.2)で表される化合物のうち、少なくとも一方を含有し、誘電率異方性が「-2以下」の誘電的に負の成分である。
成分(B)は、下記式(1.1)又は式(1.2)で表される化合物のうち、少なくとも一方を含有し、誘電率異方性が「-2より大かつ+2より小」の誘電的に中性の成分である。
各成分の誘電率異方性及び前記液晶組成物の誘電率異方性は常法により、25℃において測定した値である。
化合物(2.1)及び化合物(2.2)の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は1~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は6~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は10~20%である。
化合物(1.1)、化合物(1.2)、化合物(2.1)及び化合物(2.2)の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は5~60%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は10~40%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は15~25%である。
本発明の一つの実施形態では、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は2~25%であり、化合物(2.1)の前記含有量は1~16%である。
本発明の別の実施形態では、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は4~12%であり、化合物(2.1)の前記含有量は1~6%である。
本発明の更に別の実施形態では、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は18~25%であり化合物(2.1)の前記含有量は10~16%である。
本発明の一つの実施形態では、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は5~30%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は1~10%である。
本発明の別の実施形態では、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は17~25%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は2~7%である。
本発明の更に別の実施形態では、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は19~23%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は3~5%である。
本発明の一つの実施形態では、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は1~30%であり、化合物(2.1)の前記含有量は5~20%である。
本発明の別の実施形態では、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は20~25%であり、化合物(2.1)の前記含有量は12~16%である。
本発明の更に別の実施形態では、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は2~6%であり化合物(2.1)の前記含有量は6~11%である。
本発明の一つの実施形態では、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は1~30%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は1~20%である。
本発明の別の実施形態では、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は20~30%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は1~5%である。
本発明の更に別の実施形態では、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は1~5%であり化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は5~10%である。
以下、下記式(3.1)及び下記式(3.2)で表される化合物は、各々、化合物(3.1)及び化合物(3.2)と表記する。
化合物(1.1)、化合物(1.2)、化合物(2.1)、化合物(2.2)、化合物(3.1)及び化合物(3.2)の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は10~90%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は20~80%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は30~70%である。
前記式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(2.1)、式(2.2)及び式(4)で表される化合物の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は30~70%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は35~60%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は40~55%である。
前記式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(2.1)、式(2.2)、式(3.1)、式(3.2)及び式(4)で表される化合物の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は35~90%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は40~80%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は45~70%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(4.1)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は5~35%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は10~30%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は15~25%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(4.2)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~30%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~25%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は10~20%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(4.3)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~30%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~10%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(4.4)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~30%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~10%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(4.5)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~30%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~10%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(4.6)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~30%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~10%である。
本発明の一つの実施形態では、化合物(4.0)の前記含有量は15~30%であり、化合物(4.2)の前記含有量は2~15%である。
本発明の別の実施形態では、化合物(4.0)の前記含有量は18~27%であり、化合物(4.2)の前記含有量は2~10%である。
本発明の更に別の実施形態では、化合物(4.0)の前記含有量は20~25%であり、化合物(4.2)の前記含有量は2~5%である。
本発明の一つの実施形態では、化合物(4.0)の前記含有量は15~30%であり、化合物(4.2)の前記含有量は2~15%であり、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は1~10%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は2~12%である。
本発明の別の実施形態では、化合物(4.0)の前記含有量は18~27%であり、化合物(4.2)の前記含有量は2~10%であり、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は1~7%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は3~10%である。
本発明の更に別の実施形態では、化合物(4.0)の前記含有量は20~25%であり、化合物(4.2)の前記含有量は2~5%であり、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は1~4%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は4~8%である。
本発明の一つの実施形態では化合物(4.2)の前記含有量は3~10%であり、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は12~30%であり、化合物(2.1)の前記含有量は10~20%であり、化合物(3.1)の前記含有量は10~25%である。
本発明の別の実施形態では化合物(4.2)の前記含有量は4~9%であり、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は16~26%であり、化合物(2.1)の前記含有量は14~17%であり、化合物(3.1)の前記含有量は15~22%である。
本発明の更に別の実施形態では化合物(4.2)の前記含有量は5~8%であり、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は20~23%であり、化合物(2.1)の前記含有量は12~15%であり、化合物(3.1)の前記含有量は17~20%である。
前記式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(2.1)、式(2.2)、式(5)及び式(6)で表される化合物群の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は25~90%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は30~75%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は35~60%である。
前記式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(2.1)、式(2.2)、式(3.1)、式(3.2)、式(5)及び式(6)で表される化合物群の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は35~100%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は45~90%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は50~80%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(5.2)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~20%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は4~18%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は6~16%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(5.3)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は1~20%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は2~15%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は3~10%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(6.1)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は3~30%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~25%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は10~20%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(6.2)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は3~30%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~25%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は10~20%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(6.3)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は1~30%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は2~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は3~10%である。
前記式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(2.1)、式(2.2)及び式(7)で表される化合物の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は10~40%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は15~35%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は20~30%である。
前記式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(2.1)、式(2.2)、式(3.1)、式(3.2)及び式(7)で表される化合物の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は25~60%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は30~50%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は35~45%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(7.2)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は1~20%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は2~15%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は3~10%である。
本発明の一つの実施形態では、化合物(7.1)の前記含有量は5~20%であり、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は10~20%である。
本発明の別の実施形態では、化合物(7.1)の前記含有量は8~15%であり、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は12~17%である。
本発明の更に別の実施形態では、化合物(7.1)の前記含有量は10~13%であり、化合物(1.1)の前記含有量は12~15%である。
前記式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(2.1)、式(2.2)及び式(8)で表される化合物の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は10~60%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は18~50%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は24~40%である。
前記式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(2.1)、式(2.2)、式(3.1)、式(3.2)及び式(8)で表される化合物の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は30~70%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は35~55%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は35~45%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(8.2)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は3~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は8~15%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(8.3)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は3~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は8~15%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(8.4)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は3~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は8~15%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(8.5)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は3~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は8~15%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(8.6)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は3~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は8~15%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(8.7)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は3~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は5~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は8~15%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(8.8)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は3~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は4~20%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は6~12%である。
前記式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(2.1)、式(2.2)及び式(9)で表される化合物の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は5~40%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は10~30%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は15~25%である。
前記式(1.1)、式(1.2)、式(2.1)、式(2.2)、式(3.1)、式(3.2)及び式(9)で表される化合物の前記液晶組成物中の合計の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は25~60%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は35~50%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は35~45%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.2)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は1~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は1~12%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は1~6%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.3)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は1~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は1~12%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は1~6%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.4)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は1~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は1~12%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は1~6%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.5)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は1~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は1~12%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は1~6%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.6)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は1~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は1~12%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は1~6%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.7)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は4~18%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は6~12%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.8)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は4~18%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は6~12%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.9)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は4~18%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は6~12%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.10)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は4~18%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は6~12%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.11)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は4~18%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は6~12%である。
前記液晶組成物中の化合物(9.12)の含有量は特に制限されない。本発明の一つの実施形態では前記含有量は2~25%である。本発明の別の実施形態では前記含有量は4~18%である。本発明の更に別の実施形態では前記含有量は6~12%である。
本発明の一つの実施形態では化合物(9.7)の前記含有量は4~20%であり、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は2~20%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は4~20%である。
本発明の別の実施形態では化合物(9.7)の前記含有量は6~13%であり、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は3~10%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は6~13%である。
本発明の更に別の実施形態では化合物(9.7)の前記含有量は8~11%であり、化合物(1.2)の前記含有量は4~7%であり、化合物(2.2)の前記含有量は8~11%である。
前記式(a2)で表される化合物は、化合物(4.2)、化合物(3.1)、化合物(1.1)又は化合物(2.1)のうち、いずれか1種以上の化合物と組み合わせて用いられることが好ましい。
前記液晶組成物において、誘電的に負の成分(A)と誘電的に中性の成分(B)の含有比(混合比)は、当該液晶組成物が負の誘電率異方性を有する限り特に制限されないが、成分(A)を成分(B)よりも多く含むことが好ましい。
具体的には、前記液晶組成物において、負の誘電率異方性を有する成分(A)を50%以上含有することが好ましく、55~90%がより好ましく、55~85%が更に好ましい。
本発明の液晶組成物の誘電率異方性(△ε)は、25℃において、-2.0~-5.0であることが好ましく、-2.5~-4.5であることがより好ましく、-3.0~-4.0であることが更に好ましい。更に詳述すると、応答速度を重視する場合には-2.3~-3.4であることが好ましく、駆動電圧を重視する場合には-3.4~-4.0であることが好ましい。
本発明の液晶組成物の屈折率異方性(△n)は、25℃において、0.08~0.13であることが好ましく、0.085~0.125であることがより好ましく、0.09~0.12であることが更に好ましい。更に詳述すると、薄いセルギャップに対応する場合は0.10~0.12であることが好ましく、厚いセルギャップに対応する場合は0.08~0.10であることが好ましい。
本発明の液晶組成物の回転粘度(γ1)は、25℃において、220mPa・s以下が好ましく、200mPa・s以下がより好ましく、180mPa・s以下が更に好ましく、160mPa・s以下が特に好ましい。
本発明の液晶組成物の粘度(η)は、20℃において、34mPa・s以下が好ましく、30mPa・s以下がより好ましく、26mPa・s以下が更に好ましく、22mPa・s以下が特に好ましい。
本発明の液晶組成物は、成分(A)又は成分(B)に該当しない成分(C)を含んでいてもよい。成分(C)の前記液晶組成物中の含有量は特に制限されないが、20%以下が好ましく、1~10%が好ましく1~6%が更に好ましい。
前記重合性モノマーとしては、下記一般式(VI)で表される二官能モノマーが好ましい。
Sp1及びSp2はそれぞれ独立して、単結合、炭素原子数1~8のアルキレン基又は-O-(CH2)s-
(式中、sは2から7の整数を表し、酸素原子は芳香環に結合するものとする。)を表し、
Z2は-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-COO-CH2CH2-、-OCO-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-COO-、-CH2CH2-OCO-、-COO-CH2-、-OCO-CH2-、-CH2-COO-、-CH2-OCO-、-CY1=CY2-(式中、Y1及びY2はそれぞれ独立して、フッ素原子又は水素原子を表す。)、-C≡C-又は単結合を表し、
Bは1,4-フェニレン基、トランスー1,4-シクロヘキシレン基又は単結合を表し、式中の全ての1,4-フェニレン基は、任意の水素原子がフッ素原子により置換されていても良い。)
Bは任意の水素原子がフッ素原子により置換されていても良い1,4-フェニレン基、トランス-1,4-シクロヘキシレン基又は単結合を表すが、1,4-フェニレン基又は単結合が好ましい。Bが単結合以外の環構造を表す場合、Z2は単結合以外の連結基も好ましく、Bが単結合の場合、Z2は単結合が好ましい。
以上のことから、重合性モノマーとしては、下記式(VI-1)~(VI-4)が特に好ましく、中でも下記式(VI-2)が最も好ましい。
本発明の第二実施態様の液晶表示素子の構成は、図1に示すように透明導電性材料からなる共通電極を具備した第一の基板と、透明導電性材料からなる画素電極と各画素に具備した画素電極を制御する薄膜トランジスターを具備した第二の基板と、前記第一の基板と第二の基板間に挟持された液晶組成物を有することが好ましい。当該液晶組成物として、第一実施態様の液晶組成物が用いられている。当該液晶表示素子において、液晶分子の電圧無印加時の配向は前記基板に対して略垂直である。
特に液晶表示素子中の薄膜トランジスターが逆スタガード型である場合には、ドレイン電極がゲート電極を覆うように形成されるため、当該薄膜トランジスターの面積が増大する傾向にある。ドレイン電極は、銅、アルミニウム、クロム、チタン、モリブデン、タンタル等の金属材料で形成され、一般的には、パッシベーション処理が施されるのが通常の形態である。しかし、保護膜は一般に薄く、配向膜も薄く、イオン性物質を遮断しない可能性が高いことから、従来の液晶組成物を用いた場合には、金属材料と液晶組成物の相互作用による滴下痕の発生が頻繁に生じていた。
一方、以下の実施例における滴下痕評価の結果で示すように、本発明の第一実施態様の液晶組成物を用いることにより、詳細なメカニズムは未解明であるが、従来問題になっていた滴下痕の発生を充分に低減することができる。
本発明の第一実施態様の液晶組成物を用いた液晶表示素子は高速応答と表示不良の抑制を両立させた有用なものであり、特に、アクティブマトリックス駆動用液晶表示素子に有用であり、VAモード、PSVAモード、PSAモード、IPSモード又はECBモード用に適用できる。
本発明の液晶ディスプレイは、本発明の液晶表示素子を公知の方法でディスプレイ(表示装置)に適用したものである。
Tni :ネマチック相-等方性液体相転移温度(℃)
△n :25℃における屈折率異方性
△ε :25℃における誘電率異方性
η :20℃における粘度(mPa・s)
γ1 :25℃における回転粘度(mPa・s)
初期電圧保持率(初期VHR):周波数60Hz,印加電圧1Vの条件下で60℃における電圧保持率(%)
150℃1時間後電圧保持率:150℃の雰囲気下に1時間保持した後、初期VHRと同一条件で測定した電圧保持率(%)
液晶表示素子の焼き付き評価は、表示エリア内に所定の固定パターンを1000時間表示させた後に、全画面均一な表示を行ったときの固定パターンの残像のレベルを目視にて以下の4段階評価で行った。
◎:残像無し
○:残像ごく僅かに有るも、許容できるレベル
△:残像有り、許容できないレベル
×:残像有り、かなり劣悪
液晶表示装置の滴下痕の評価は、全面黒表示した場合における白く浮かび上がる滴下痕を目視にて以下の4段階評価で行った。
◎:残像無し
○:残像ごく僅かに有るも、許容できるレベル
△:残像有り、許容できないレベル
×:残像有り、かなり劣悪
プロセス適合性は、ODFプロセスにおいて、定積計量ポンプを用いて1回に50pLずつ液晶を滴下することを100000回行い、次の「0~100回、101~200回、201~300回、・・・・99901~100000回」の各100回ずつ滴下された液晶量の変化を以下の4段階で評価した。
◎:変化が極めて小さい(安定的に液晶表示素子を製造できる)
○:変化が僅かに有るも、許容できるレベル
△:変化が有り、許容できないレベル(斑発生により歩留まりが悪化)
×:変化が有り、かなり劣悪(液晶漏れや真空気泡が発生)
低温での溶解性評価は、液晶組成物を調製後、2mLのサンプル瓶に液晶組成物を1g秤量し、これに温度制御式試験槽の中で、次を1サイクル「-20℃(1時間保持)→昇温(0.1℃/毎分)→0℃(1時間保持)→昇温(0.1℃/毎分)→20℃(1時間保持)→降温(-0.1℃/毎分)→0℃(1時間保持)→降温(-0.1℃/毎分)→-20℃」として温度変化を与え続け、目視にて液晶組成物からの析出物の発生を観察し、以下の4段階評価を行った。
◎:600時間以上析出物が観察されなかった。
○:300時間以上析出物が観察されなかった。
△:150時間以内に析出物が観察された。
×:75時間以内に析出物が観察された。
表1に示す組成の液晶組成物を調製し、その物性値を測定した。
また、実施例1及び比較例1の液晶組成物を用いて、図1に示すVA液晶表示素子をそれぞれ作製した。この液晶表示素子は、アクティブ素子として逆スタガード型の薄膜トランジスターを有している。液晶組成物の注入は、滴下法(ODF法)にて行った。更に前述の方法により、得られた表示素子について、焼き付き、滴下痕、プロセス適合性及び低温での溶解性の評価を行った。この結果を表1に併記する。
表2に示す組成の液晶組成物を調製し、その物性値を測定した。
また、実施例2及び比較例2の液晶組成物を用いて、実施例1と同様に作製した表示素子について、焼き付き、滴下痕、プロセス適合性及び低温での溶解性の評価を行った。この結果を表2に併記する。
表3に示す組成の液晶組成物を調製し、その物性値を測定した。
また、実施例3~6の液晶組成物を用いて、実施例1と同様に作製した表示素子について、焼き付き、滴下痕、プロセス適合性及び低温での溶解性の評価を行った。この結果を表3に併記する。
実施例3のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き、滴下痕及びプロセス適合性の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例4のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き及び滴下痕の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例5のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き及びプロセス適合性の評価において極めて優れていた。実施例6のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き及び滴下痕の評価において極めて優れていた。
実施例3~6のVA液晶表示素子は、初期電圧保持率及び150℃1時間後の電圧保持率について、優れた結果を示した。
表4に示す組成の液晶組成物を調製し、その物性値を測定した。
また、実施例7~10の液晶組成物を用いて、実施例1と同様に作製した表示素子について、焼き付き、滴下痕、プロセス適合性及び低温での溶解性の評価を行った。この結果を表4に併記する。
実施例7のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き、滴下痕及びプロセス適合性の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例8のVA液晶表示素子は、滴下痕の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例9のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き及び滴下痕の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例10のVA液晶表示素子は、プロセス適合性の評価において極めて優れていた。
実施例7~10のVA液晶表示素子は、初期電圧保持率及び150℃1時間後の電圧保持率について、優れた結果を示した。
表5に示す組成の液晶組成物を調製し、その物性値を測定した。
また、実施例11~14の液晶組成物を用いて、実施例1と同様に作製した表示素子について、焼き付き、滴下痕、プロセス適合性及び低温での溶解性の評価を行った。この結果を表5に併記する。
実施例11のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き、滴下痕及びプロセス適合性の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例12のVA液晶表示素子は、滴下痕及びプロセス適合性の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例13のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き及びプロセス適合性の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例14のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き及び滴下痕の評価において、極めて優れていた。
実施例11~14のVA液晶表示素子は、初期電圧保持率及び150℃1時間後の電圧保持率について、優れた結果を示した。
表6に示す組成の液晶組成物を調製し、その物性値を測定した。
また、実施例15~18の液晶組成物を用いて、実施例1と同様に作製した表示素子について、焼き付き、滴下痕、プロセス適合性及び低温での溶解性の評価を行った。この結果を表6に併記する。
実施例15のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き、滴下痕及びプロセス適合性の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例16のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き及び滴下痕の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例17のVA液晶表示素子は、焼き付き及びプロセス適合性の評価において、極めて優れていた。実施例18のVA液晶表示素子は、滴下痕及びプロセス適合性の評価において、極めて優れていた。
実施例15~18のVA液晶表示素子は、初期電圧保持率及び150℃1時間後の電圧保持率について、優れた結果を示した。
Claims (11)
- 前記式(3.1)で表される化合物の含有量が、前記液晶組成物の総量に対して15質量%以上である請求項2に記載の液晶組成物。
- 前記式(1.1)で表される化合物の含有量が、前記液晶組成物の総量に対して7質量%以上である請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 前記成分(B)が下記一般式(4)で表される化合物を含有する請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物を使用したことを特徴とする液晶表示素子。
- 請求項10に記載の液晶表示素子を使用したことを特徴とする液晶ディスプレイ。
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US14/381,930 US9181480B2 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2012-11-12 | Liquid crystal composition, liquid crystal display element, and liquid crystal display |
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CN107849452A (zh) * | 2015-07-14 | 2018-03-27 | 默克专利股份有限公司 | 减少聚合物稳定的液晶显示器中odf不均匀性的方法 |
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