WO2014071795A1 - 一种截流装置 - Google Patents

一种截流装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014071795A1
WO2014071795A1 PCT/CN2013/085299 CN2013085299W WO2014071795A1 WO 2014071795 A1 WO2014071795 A1 WO 2014071795A1 CN 2013085299 W CN2013085299 W CN 2013085299W WO 2014071795 A1 WO2014071795 A1 WO 2014071795A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
upper body
chamber
liquid level
height
liquid column
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/085299
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶晓丰
Original Assignee
丽水市力控科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 丽水市力控科技有限公司 filed Critical 丽水市力控科技有限公司
Priority to EP13852954.0A priority Critical patent/EP2918493A4/en
Priority to BR112015010293A priority patent/BR112015010293A2/pt
Priority to JP2015541002A priority patent/JP2015534925A/ja
Priority to US14/435,300 priority patent/US20150330522A1/en
Publication of WO2014071795A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014071795A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K13/00—Other constructional types of cut-off apparatus; Arrangements for cutting-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K13/00—Other constructional types of cut-off apparatus; Arrangements for cutting-off
    • F16K13/08—Arrangements for cutting-off not used
    • F16K13/10—Arrangements for cutting-off not used by means of liquid or granular medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/18—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on either side
    • F16K17/19—Equalising valves predominantly for tanks
    • F16K17/192—Equalising valves predominantly for tanks with closure member in the form of a movable liquid column
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7287—Liquid level responsive or maintaining systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of fluid flow limitation, and more particularly to a shut-off device. Background technique
  • the fluid flow characteristics under the influence of no external force are from high liquid level to low liquid level.
  • the high and low liquid levels are interrupted, so that the high liquid level fluid cannot flow to the low liquid level.
  • the partitioning device used in this kind of partitioning method must ensure a complete sealing between the high liquid level and the low liquid level, otherwise it will not be realized, and the positional displacement of the sealing portion will cause the sealing to be in place, and the entire shut-off device will immediately fail.
  • the sealing is often the most difficult to grasp in actual production, and the cost of sealing is also high.
  • the bulletin number is CN1821539B, the flood guarding flap, including a sealing frame, and a plurality of single plates combined in the sealing frame and A plurality of lifting screws that are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing frame by the single plate.
  • Each of the left and right sides of each of the single-plates is respectively provided with a side groove and a side groove, and the grooves and the grooves of the adjacent two single plates are engaged with each other; the bottom of each of the single plates is provided with a bottom groove; A through hole is longitudinally penetrated through the top notch of each side convex groove.
  • the sealing frame is fixed on the door frame, and the left and right sides of the frame are respectively provided with The side frame convex groove and the side frame groove, the lower frame is provided with a lower frame convex groove matched with the bottom surface groove of each single plate, and the flange of the lower frame convex groove corresponds to the convex groove side of each single plate A nut is provided at the hole.
  • a lower end portion of each of the lifting screws is provided with a threaded section, and the lifting screw is longitudinally disposed in the through hole of the flange of the side convex groove of the single plate, and the lower end threaded portion and the nut on the lower frame of the sealing frame are used. Screwing.
  • the shut-off device has high requirements on the sealing property, and must ensure sufficient separation of the high liquid level and the low liquid level. Once the sealing property is not good, the shut-off device will fail. And this type of device can only block the high level liquid at the rated height from flowing to the low position. Once the high liquid level exceeds the height of the intercepting device, the intercepting device will fail. Disclosure of invention
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the prior art shut-off device needs to ensure the sealing seal when it is intercepted, otherwise it will fail, and a shut-off device capable of maintaining the interception without ensuring the sealing property is provided.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a shut-off device capable of automatically adjusting the intercept height when the prior art shut-off device can only block the high fluid with the shut-off device when protecting the object at a low position.
  • a shut-off device comprises a high liquid level end and a low liquid level end, wherein the high liquid level end and the low liquid level end are connected by a pipeline, the pipelines are undulating up and down in turn, and each undulation constitutes a lower end partition
  • the open and upper ends are chambers of the passage, and the chamber is provided with a front liquid column, a rear liquid column and a gas seal section above the chamber separating the front liquid column and the rear liquid column, the front section
  • the liquid column height is higher than the height of the rear liquid column.
  • All chambers are connected to a pipe, so the adjacent chambers are connected between two adjacent chambers, the front liquid column of the latter chamber is connected to the rear liquid column of the previous chamber and the height of the front liquid column is higher than the height of the rear liquid column, thus forming a gas seal section.
  • the pressure provided by the liquid level difference is the same for each chamber.
  • the combined force of all the pressures is offset by the pressure difference between the high liquid level end and the low liquid level end, thereby preventing the fluid at the high liquid end from flowing to the low liquid end. The effect of interception is achieved.
  • the high liquid level end and the low liquid level end communicate through all the chambers, and the actual sealing is not required, and the sealing surface sealing property is not required to be solved compared with the prior art sealing plate type structure. This difficulty can smoothly achieve the interception.
  • the duct surrounds the chamber so that the horizontal section of the chamber is annular, and all the chambers form a cylinder.
  • the cylinder includes an upper body formed on the upper portion of all the chambers, and a base formed on the lower portion of all the chambers.
  • the annular cylinder can block the flow of the external high-level fluid and prevent it from flowing into the cylinder.
  • a base is arranged around the loading hull on the water, and the upper body is arranged on the base, so that the high liquid end is in the cylinder.
  • the low liquid end is in the cylinder.
  • the chamber moves up, that is, the upper body moves up; if the base is lowered due to factors such as increased hull load, etc., then The position of the body relative to the base is also moved upward, and vice versa.
  • the upper body can freely move up and down within a certain range to adapt to changes in the external liquid level, so the height of the interception can be adjusted.
  • rotation can also occur between the upper body and the lower base.
  • a lower base is arranged around the offshore work platform, and the upper body is disposed thereon, which can cut off the rising seawater within a certain range.
  • the entire offshore work platform can be moved as a whole, and only the working equipment can be disassembled to change its position, which greatly improves the convenience in production and life.
  • the lowest gas seal point height of the gas seal segment is equal to the lowest point height of the upper body, and the highest gas seal point height of the gas seal segment is equal to the height of the base highest point. In this state, the height difference between the front liquid column and the rear liquid column is maximized, and the number of chambers can be used to achieve the interception under the same conditions.
  • the upper body is provided with one or a plurality of floating bodies, and the floating body is on the outer side of the upper body.
  • the fluid outside the body provides buoyancy to the floating body, and the floating body enables the upper body to float more stably on the base.
  • the floating body can help the upper body to be easily obtained when needed. Move up.
  • a connecting rope is arranged between the upper body and the base body, and the lowest point height of the upper body is lower than the height of the highest point of the base when the connecting rope is in the extreme tension state.
  • the connecting cord maintains a soft positioning between the upper body and the base, i.e., without a degree of freedom, without departing from each other.
  • the upper body can be moved up and down and left and right due to external force factors.
  • the connecting rope is also stretched to the limit state, and at this time, the lowest height of the upper body is lower than the height of the highest point of the base, and the invention can still maintain the intercepting function. .
  • the upper body is provided with a table top covering the upper body, the table top is attached to the upper surface of the upper body, the table top and the upper body are integrally formed, and the outer edge of the base is provided with a ring block. board.
  • the table top can be used as a storage place for various articles and equipment.
  • the base can be below the upper body but not separated from the upper body when not in use. When the external fluid level rises, for example, when the water rises, the base is buoyant, and the baffle connected to the base also rises, blocking the outside water from invading the table, and the base rises and then interlaces with the upper body.
  • the base can return to its original position.
  • the upper body can also automatically change height with the formation of the shut-off device of the present invention to maintain the intercepting effect.
  • the horizontal section of the pipe chamber is rectangular, and all the chambers form a rectangular box.
  • the box body includes an upper body formed on the upper portion of all the chambers, and a lower portion of all the chambers are formed.
  • the base of the upper body is closed on both sides of the upper body to form an upper seal, and has an open structure downward.
  • the partition and the partition form an independent sealing space, and the partition on the lower body is located at a corresponding position of the upper body.
  • the solution adopts a partition structure, and all the chambers are connected into a pipe, so that the adjacent chambers are connected, between the two adjacent chambers, the front liquid column of the latter chamber and the rear of the previous chamber
  • the liquid column is connected and the height of the liquid column in the front section is higher than the height of the liquid column in the back section. Therefore, the pressure provided by the liquid level difference is formed in the gas seal section, and each chamber is the same, and the combined force of all the pressures and the high liquid level end,
  • the pressure difference at the low liquid end is offset, and the effect of preventing the fluid at the high liquid end from flowing to the low liquid end is achieved, and the intercepting effect is achieved.
  • An independent sealing space is formed between all the partitions of the upper body and the partition plate, which can effectively prevent gas leakage in the gas sealing section and improve the sealing effect.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The interception can be realized without sealing, and the problem of ensuring the sealing property when the prior art intercepts the flow is avoided; (2) the intercepting device has a certain mobility and can rotate relative to each other. It moves up and down, unlike the fixed seals of the prior art, which are not freely adjustable, so they are more flexible to use.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a radial cross-sectional view of Figure 2 of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • a shut-off device in the embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1, includes a high liquid level end 1 and a low liquid level end 2, and the high liquid level end 1 and the low liquid level end 2 are connected by a pipe.
  • the pipe up and down undulates to form a chamber with a lower end separated and an upper end being a passage.
  • the chamber is provided with a front liquid column 3, a rear liquid column 4, and a front liquid column 3 and a rear liquid column 4
  • the gas seal section 5 is located above the chamber, and the height of the front section liquid column 3 is higher than the height of the rear section liquid column 4.
  • the duct surrounds the chamber so that the horizontal section of the chamber is annular, and the chamber forms a cylinder.
  • the cylinder includes an upper body 6 formed at an upper portion of the chamber and a base 7 formed at a lower portion of the chamber.
  • the height of the front section liquid column 3 is higher than the height of the rear stage liquid column 4, so that the pressure provided by the liquid level difference is formed to the gas seal section 5, and the pressure is offset by the pressure difference between the high liquid level end 1 and the low liquid level end 2,
  • the effect of preventing the fluid of the high liquid level 1 from flowing to the low liquid level end 2 is achieved, and the intercepting effect is achieved, and the height of the gas seal section 5 can be varied within a certain range, so that the adjustment margin can be within a certain range.
  • the liquid level difference between the front liquid column 3 and the rear liquid column 4 is automatically increased or decreased according to the change of the external situation.
  • the upper body 6 is provided with a circle or a plurality of floating bodies 8,
  • the floating body 8 is located at the outer end side of the upper body 6.
  • the fluid outside the upper body 6 provides buoyancy to the floating body 8, and the floating body 8 enables the upper body 6 to be more stably placed on the base 7.
  • the floating body 8 makes up.
  • the body 6 can be moved upwards more easily when needed.
  • a connecting rope is disposed between the upper body 6 and the base 7 body. When the connecting rope is in an extreme tension state, the lowest point height of the upper body 6 is lower than the highest point height of the base 7.
  • the connecting cord enables a soft positioning between the upper body 6 and the base 7, i.e.
  • the upper body 6 can be moved up and down and left and right due to external force factors.
  • the connecting rope is also stretched to the limit state, and at this time, the lowest point height of the upper body 6 is lower than the highest point height of the base 7, and the present invention can still Keep the cutoff function.
  • a shut-off device in the embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, includes a high liquid level end 1 and a low liquid level end 2, and the high liquid level end 1 and the low liquid level end 2 pass between
  • the pipelines are connected to each other, and the pipelines are up and down in turn, and each of the undulations constitutes a chamber with a lower end separated and an upper end being a passage.
  • the chamber is provided with a front liquid column 3, a rear liquid column 4 and a front liquid column. 3.
  • All the chambers are connected into a pipe, so that the adjacent chambers are connected, and between the two adjacent chambers, the front liquid column 3 of the latter chamber is connected to the rear liquid column 4 of the previous chamber and
  • the height of the front section liquid column 3 is higher than the height of the rear stage liquid column 4, so the pressure provided by the liquid level difference is formed for the gas seal section 5, and the pressure of each chamber is the same, and the combined force of all the pressures and the high liquid level end 1, the low
  • the pressure difference of the liquid level end 2 is canceled, the effect of preventing the fluid of the high liquid level end 1 from flowing to the low liquid level end 2 is achieved, and the effect of intercepting is achieved.
  • the duct surrounds the chamber so that the horizontal section of the chamber is annular, and all the chambers form a cylinder.
  • the cylinder includes an upper body 6 formed on the upper portion of all the chambers, and a base 7 formed in the lower portion of all the chambers.
  • the annular cylinder can block the flow of the external high-level fluid and prevent it from flowing into the cylinder.
  • the base 7 is arranged around the loading hull on the water, and the upper body 6 is arranged on the base 7, so that the high liquid end 1 Outside the cylinder, the low liquid level end 2 is inside the cylinder.
  • the chamber moves up, that is, the upper body 6 moves up; if the base 7 increases due to the hull load, etc.
  • the height of the upper body 6 is also moved upward relative to the base 7, and vice versa.
  • the upper body 6 is moved downward relative to the base 7.
  • the upper body 6 can freely move up and down within a certain range to adapt to changes in the external liquid level, and thus the height of the interception can be adjusted.
  • the prior art interceptor does not have the ability to de-shock buffer after being impacted, and at the same time transmits a large amount of vibration to the offshore work connected to the base 7.
  • the upper body 6 of the present invention can easily cause up and down and left and right fluctuations within a certain range to buffer shock absorption when subjected to external forces such as wind and waves, and does not transmit excessive vibration to the base 7 and
  • the device connected to the base 7 is therefore safer and has a long service life.
  • rotation can also occur between the upper body 6 and the lower base 7.
  • a lower base 7 is disposed around the offshore work platform, and the upper body 6 is disposed thereon to prevent the seawater from being raised by the outside.
  • the offshore working platform if the working equipment is installed on the upper body 6, when the working equipment needs to be changed position, the upper body 6 only needs to be rotated, instead of being mounted on the sealed fixed intercepting device, since the whole moving is impossible.
  • the entire offshore work platform can only be disassembled to replace its position, which greatly improves the convenience in production and life.
  • the upper body 6 can also be directly removed, and the upper body 6 can be replaced when needed.
  • the lowest gas seal point height of the gas seal section 5 is equal to the lowest point height of the upper body 6, the highest of the gas seal section 5
  • the height of the gas seal point is equal to the height of the highest point of the base 7. In this state, the difference in height between the front liquid column 3 and the rear liquid column 4 is maximized, and the number of chambers can be used to achieve the interception under the same conditions.
  • the upper end of the present invention can also be submerged into the fluid and used as a diving device. It is also unnecessary to use the conventional sealing type, and the flow of the inner and outer fluids can be cut off by using the chamber structure of the present invention.
  • a shut-off device in the embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 4, includes a high liquid level end 1 and a low liquid level end 2, and the high liquid level end 1 and the low liquid level end 2 are connected by a pipe.
  • the pipe is undulating up and down in turn, and each undulation constitutes a chamber with a lower end separated by an upper end, and the chamber is provided with a front liquid column 3, a rear liquid column 4, and a front liquid column 3,
  • the gas column section 5 above the chamber separated by the liquid column 4 is higher in height than the liquid column 4 in the rear stage.
  • All the chambers are connected into a pipe, so that the adjacent chambers are connected, and between the two adjacent chambers, the front liquid column 3 of the latter chamber is connected to the rear liquid column 4 of the previous chamber and
  • the height of the front section liquid column 3 is higher than the height of the rear stage liquid column 4, so the pressure provided by the liquid level difference is formed for the gas seal section 5, and the pressure of each chamber is the same, the combined force of all the pressures and the high liquid level end 1, the low
  • the pressure difference at the liquid level end 2 is canceled, the effect of preventing the fluid of the high liquid level end 1 from flowing to the low liquid level end 2 is achieved, and the effect of intercepting is achieved.
  • the duct surrounds the chamber so that the horizontal section of the chamber is annular, and all the chambers form a cylinder.
  • the cylinder includes an upper body 6 formed on the upper portion of all the chambers, and a base 7 formed at the lower portion of all the chambers.
  • the upper body 6 is provided with a table 9 covering the upper body 6. The table 9 is attached to the upper surface of the upper body 6.
  • the table 9 and the upper body are 6 is integrally formed, and the outer edge of the base 7 is provided with a ring of baffles 10.
  • the table top 9 can serve as a storage place for various articles and equipment.
  • the base 7 can be below the upper body 6 but detached from the upper body 6 when not in use.
  • the base 7 When the external fluid level rises, for example, when the water rises, the base 7 is lifted by buoyancy, and the baffle 10 connected to the base 7 also rises, blocking the outside water from invading the table 9 and the base 7 is raised and The upper body 6 is staggered, water enters the middle of the base, and then the liquid level continues to rise into the chamber, thereby forming the shut-off device of the present invention, so that the water in the middle of the base 7 does not easily flow to the outside of the base 7 and flows to the table 9 Nor does it cause damage to objects on the table top 9, so that objects on the platform are neither infiltrated by external water nor wetted by water from the lower end.
  • the base 7 can be returned to its original position.
  • the upper body 6 can also automatically change height with the formation of the shut-off device of the present invention to maintain the intercepting effect.
  • the liquid constituting the front stage liquid column 3 and the rear stage liquid column 4 may be the intercepted fluid itself or other liquid.
  • a shut-off device in the embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 5, includes an upper body 6 and a base 7 opposite to the upper body.
  • the upper body 6 and the base 7 are alternately provided with a partition plate, and the partition plates form a pipe.
  • the two ends of the pipe respectively constitute a high liquid level end 1 and a low liquid level end 2, and the high liquid level end 1 and the low liquid level end 2 are connected by a pipe, and the pipe up and down undulates to form a lower end to be separated.
  • the upper end is a chamber of the passage, and the chamber is provided with a front liquid column 3, a rear liquid column 4, and a gas seal section 5 above the chamber separating the front liquid column 3 and the rear liquid column 4.
  • the height of the front liquid column 3 is higher than the height of the liquid column 4 in the rear stage.
  • the horizontal section of the pipe chamber is rectangular, and all the chambers form a rectangular box.
  • the box body includes an upper body formed on the upper part of all the chambers.
  • the base formed on the lower part of all the chambers, the sides of all the partitions of the upper body are closed to form an upper seal, and the structure has an opening downward.
  • the partition and the partition form an independent sealing space, and the partition on the lower body is located on the upper body. Corresponding location Inside the space.
  • a partition structure is adopted, and all the chambers are connected into a pipe, so that the adjacent chambers are connected, and between the two adjacent chambers, the front liquid column of the latter chamber and the previous chamber
  • the liquid column in the rear section is connected and the height of the liquid column in the front section is higher than the height of the liquid column in the back section. Therefore, the pressure provided by the liquid level difference is formed in the gas seal section, and each chamber is the same.
  • the combined force of all the pressures and the high liquid end The pressure difference at the low liquid level is offset, and the effect of preventing the fluid at the high liquid end from flowing to the low liquid end is achieved, and the intercepting effect is achieved.
  • Forming a separate sealing space between all the partitions of the upper body and the partition plate can effectively prevent gas leakage in the gas seal section and improve the sealing effect.
  • the high liquid level end and the low liquid level end communicate through all the chambers, and the actual sealing is not required, and the sealing surface sealing property is not required to be solved compared with the prior art sealing plate type structure. This difficulty can smoothly achieve the interception.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)

Abstract

一种无需保证密封性就能保持截流、能自动调整截流高度的截流装置，该截流装置包括高液位端（1）、低液位端（2），所述的高液位端（1）与低液位端（2）之间通过管道连通，所述的管道依次上下起伏，且每一个起伏构成一个下端隔开、上端是通路的腔室，所述的腔室内设有前段液柱（3）、后段液柱（4）及将前段液柱（3）、后段液柱（4）隔开的处于腔室上方的气封段（5），所述的前段液柱（3）高度高于后段液柱（4）高度。该截流装置适用于以往截流装置所适用的场合，具有避免了现有技术截流时需要保证密封性的问题、能调节高度等优点。

Description

一种截流装置 技术领域
本发明涉及流体流量限制领域， 尤其涉及一种截流装置。 背景技术
在无外力影响下流体的流动特点是从高液位流向低液位， 在生产生活 中， 常会需要对流体进行截流， 阻止流体从高液位流向低液位。 现有的截 流装置或截流方法， 均是将高、 低液位之间隔断， 使高液位的流体无法向 低液位流动。 然而该种隔断方法所使用的隔断装置， 必须保证高液位、 低 液位之间的完全密封， 否则就无法实现， 且密封处稍有位置偏移引起密封 不到位， 整个截流装置也立即失效， 但是密封性在实际生产中往往是最难 把握的， 且要保证密封性的成本也很高。 再者， 在生产生活中会有一些处 于低位的物体需要进行防流体侵入保护， 常规技术都是采用隔断装置隔断 高位的流体流入低位， 然而， 当高位流体高度持续升高至超过隔断装置的 高度后， 就无法阻止高位的流体进入低位， 从而导致流体对处在低位的物 体造成浸湿、 损坏。
参见中国专利文献上公开的 "防汛挡水板"， 其公告号为 CN1821539B, 该防汛挡水板， 包括一密封框架、 以及组合设在该密封框架内的多个单体 板和用于将各单体板与密封框架的底部固定连接的多个吊紧螺杆。 每个单 体板的左右两侧分别设有一侧面凹槽和一侧面凸槽，相邻两单体板的凹槽 和凸槽相互啮合； 每个单体板底部设有底面凹槽； 在位于各侧面凸槽的顶 部槽口处纵向贯穿一通孔。 密封框架固定在门框上，其左右两侧框各设有与 侧框凸槽和侧框凹槽，下框并设有与各单体板的底面凹槽配合的下框凸槽， 下框凸槽的凸缘上对应各单体板的凸槽侧的通孔部位设有螺帽。 各吊紧螺 杆下端部设有一螺紋段，吊紧螺杆纵向穿设在单体板的侧面凸槽的凸缘的 通孔内，利用其下端部螺紋段与密封框架下框凸槽上的螺帽螺合。但是该种 截流装置对密封性的要求很高， 必须保证充分隔断高液位、 低液位， 一旦 密封性不好， 截流装置就会失效。 且该类装置只能挡住额定高度的高液位 端流体不流向低位处， 一旦高液位流体超出截流装置高度， 截流装置就会 失效。 发明的公开
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术的截流装置在截流时需要保证截流 密封性， 否则就会失效的不足， 提供了一种无需保证密封性就能保持截流 的截流装置。
本发明的另一个目的是为了解决现有技术的截流装置在保护处于低位 的物体时只能挡住与截流装置等高流体的不足， 提供了一种能自动调整截 流高度的截流装置。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种截流装置， 包括高液位端、 低液位端， 所述的高液位端与低液位 端之间通过管道连通， 所述的管道依次上下起伏， 且每一个起伏构成一个 下端隔开、 上端是通路的腔室， 所述的腔室内设有前段液柱、 后段液柱及 将前段液柱、 后段液柱隔开的处于腔室上方的气封段， 所述的前段液柱高 度高于后段液柱高度。 所有腔室连通成管道， 因此相邻腔室之间都是连通 的， 两个相邻腔室之间， 后一腔室的前段液柱与前一腔室的后段液柱相连 且前段液柱高度高于后段液柱高度， 因此对气封段形成了由液位差提供的 压力， 每一个腔室均是如此， 所有压力的合力与高液位端、 低液位端的压 差抵消， 就实现了阻止高液位端的流体流向低液位端的效果， 达到了截流 的效果。 该种截流方法中， 高液位端、 低液位端之间通过所有腔室连通， 并不需要实际的密封， 与现有技术的密封板类结构相比， 不需解决保证接 触面密封性这一困难就能顺利实现截流。
作为优选， 所述的管道环绕一周使腔室水平截面呈环形、 所有腔室形 成一筒体， 所述的筒体包括所有腔室上部形成的上本体、 所有腔室下部形 成的底座。 环形的筒体能够对外部的高位流体实现阻隔截流， 防止其流入 筒内， 例如在水上的装货船体周围一圈设置底座， 底座上设置上本体， 如 此一来高液位端处于筒体之外， 所述的低液位端处于筒体之内， 此时若外 界液位升高， 则腔室上移， 即上本体上移； 若底座由于船体承重增加等因 素而高度下降， 那么上本体相对底座位置也是上移， 反之则上本体相对底 座下移。 上本体可以在一定范围内自由上下移动来适应外界液位的变化， 因此可以调节截流的高度。 再者， 当环形是圆环时， 上本体和下底座之间 还能发生转动， 例如在海上作业平台周围设置下底座， 其上设置上本体， 可以在一定范围内截断外界升高的海水使其不会淹没海上作业平台， 而若 在上本体上安装有作业设备， 当需要作业设备换位置时， 只需转动上本体 即可， 而不必像安装在密封固定的截流装置上那样， 由于无法整体移动整 个海上作业平台而只能拆卸作业设备来更换其位置， 大大提高了生产生活 中的便捷性。 作为优选， 所述的气封段的最低气封点高度与上本体的最低点高度相 等， 所述的气封段的最高气封点高度与底座最高点高度相等。 在此状态下， 前段液柱与后段液柱的高度差达到最大， 可使用最少的腔室数量实现同等 状况下的截流。
作为优选， 所述的上本体上设有一或若干圈浮体， 所述的浮体处于上 本体外端侧面。 上本体外的流体对浮体提供浮力， 浮体使上本体能够更稳 定的浮在底座之上， 当上本体外液位升高或是底座位置下降时， 浮体能帮 助上本体在需要时较轻易得向上移动。
作为优选， 所述的上本体与底座体之间设有连接绳， 所述的连接绳处 于极限拉伸状态时上本体最低点高度低于底座最高点高度。 连接绳能够使 上本体与底座之间保持软定位， 即在具有一定自由度的情况下又不会互相 脱离极限位置。 上本体因外力因素可适当上下、 左右移动， 当移动到极限 位置时， 连接绳也拉伸至极限状态， 而此时上本体最低点高度低于底座最 高点高度， 本发明仍能保持截流功能。
作为优选， 所述的上本体上设有覆盖上本体的台面， 所述的台面与上 本体上表面相贴， 所述的台面、 上本体为一体成型， 所述的底座外缘设有 一圈挡板。 台面可以作为各种物品、 设备的存放地， 底座在不使用时可以 处于上本体下方但与上本体脱离。 当外界流体液位升高， 例如涨水时， 底 座受到浮力上升， 与底座相连的挡板也随之上升， 挡住外界的水使其不会 侵入台面， 而底座上升后与上本体发生交错， 水进入底座中部， 继而液位 继续上升进入腔室， 从而形成本发明的截流装置， 如此底座中部的水就不 易流到底座外侧并流到台面上， 因此也不会对台面上的物体造成侵害， 因 此可保证平台上的物体既不会被外界水侵入浸湿， 也不会被从下端涌上的 水浸湿。 而无水时， 底座可回到原位。 同时， 上本体也可随着本发明截流 装置的形成自动变化高度， 以维持截流效果。
作为另一种管道的另一种结构形式， 管道腔室的水平截面呈矩形、 所 有腔室形成一矩形箱体， 所述的箱体包括所有腔室上部形成的上本体、 所 有腔室下部形成的底座， 上本体所有隔板的两侧封闭构成上部密封、 向下 具有开口的结构， 隔板与隔板之间形成独立的密封空间， 下本体上的隔板 位于上本体对应位置的密封空间内。 本方案采用隔板结构， 所有腔室连通 成管道， 因此相邻腔室之间都是连通的， 两个相邻腔室之间， 后一腔室的 前段液柱与前一腔室的后段液柱相连且前段液柱高度高于后段液柱高度， 因此对气封段形成了由液位差提供的压力， 每一个腔室均是如此， 所有压 力的合力与高液位端、 低液位端的压差抵消， 就实现了阻止高液位端的流 体流向低液位端的效果， 达到了截流的效果。 上本体所有隔板与隔板之间 形成独立的密封空间， 可以有效地防止气封段的气体泄漏， 提高密封效果。
因此， 本发明的有益效果是： （1 ) 可以不需要密封就能实现截流， 避 免了现有技术截流时需要保证密封性的问题； （2 ) 截流装置具有一定的活 动性， 能够相对转动及上下移动， 而不像现有技术的固定密封那样不能自 由调节， 因此使用时更具灵活性。 附图说明
图 1是本发明实施例 1的结构示意图;
图 2是本发明实施例 2的俯视图； 图 3是本发明图 2的径向剖视图；
图 4是本发明实施例 3的结构示意图。
图 5是本发明实施例 4的结构示意图。
图中： 高液位端 1、 低液位端 2、 前段液柱 3、 后段液柱 4、 气封段 5、 上本体 6、 底座 7、 浮体 8、 台面 9、 挡板 10。 实施本发明的最佳方法
下面通过实施例， 并结合附图对本发明技术方案的具体实施方式作进 一步的说明。
实施例 1
在如图 1所示的实施例 1中， 一种截流装置， 包括高液位端 1、 低液位 端 2， 所述的高液位端 1与低液位端 2之间通过管道连通， 所述的管道上下 起伏构成一个下端隔开、上端是通路的腔室，所述的腔室内设有前段液柱 3、 后段液柱 4及将前段液柱 3、 后段液柱 4隔开的处于腔室上方的气封段 5， 所述的前段液柱 3高度高于后段液柱 4高度。 所述的管道环绕一周使腔室 水平截面呈环形、 腔室形成一筒体， 所述的筒体包括腔室上部形成的上本 体 6、 腔室下部形成的底座 7。 前段液柱 3高度高于后段液柱 4高度， 因此 对气封段 5形成了由液位差提供的压力， 该压力与高液位端 1、 低液位端 2 的压差抵消， 就实现了阻止高液位端 1 的流体流向低液位端 2的效果， 达 到了截流的效果， 而且气封段 5在一定范围内高度是可以变化的， 因此具 有调节余量， 可以在一定范围内根据外界情况的变化自动增大或减小前段 液柱 3、后段液柱 4的液位差。所述的上本体 6上设有一圈或若干圈浮体 8， 所述的浮体 8处于上本体 6外端侧面。 上本体 6外的流体对浮体 8提供浮 力， 浮体 8使上本体 6能更稳定的处在底座 7之上， 当上本体 6外液位升 高或是底座 7位置下降时， 浮体 8使上本体 6在需要时能够较轻易得向上 移动。 所述的上本体 6与底座 7体之间设有连接绳， 所述的连接绳处于极 限拉伸状态时上本体 6最低点高度低于底座 7最高点高度。 连接绳能够使 上本体 6与底座 7之间保持软定位， 即在具有一定自由度的情况下又不会 互相脱离极限位置。 上本体 6 因外力因素可适当上下、 左右移动， 当移动 到极限位置时， 连接绳也拉伸至极限状态， 而此时上本体 6最低点高度低 于底座 7最高点高度， 本发明仍能保持截流功能。
实施例 2
在如图 2、 图 3所示的实施例 2中， 一种截流装置， 包括高液位端 1、 低液位端 2， 所述的高液位端 1与低液位端 2之间通过管道连通， 所述的管 道依次上下起伏， 且每一个起伏构成一个下端隔开、 上端是通路的腔室， 所述的腔室内设有前段液柱 3、 后段液柱 4及将前段液柱 3、 后段液柱 4隔 开的处于腔室上方的气封段 5，所述的前段液柱 3高度高于后段液柱 4高度。 所有腔室连通成管道， 因此相邻腔室之间都是连通的， 两个相邻腔室之间， 后一腔室的前段液柱 3与前一腔室的后段液柱 4相连且前段液柱 3高度高 于后段液柱 4高度， 因此对气封段 5形成了由液位差提供的压力， 每一个 腔室均是如此， 所有压力的合力与高液位端 1、 低液位端 2的压差抵消， 就 实现了阻止高液位端 1的流体流向低液位端 2的效果， 达到了截流的效果。 该种截流方法中， 高液位端 1、 低液位端 2之间通过所有腔室连通， 并不需 要实际的密封， 与现有技术的密封板类结构相比， 不需解决保证密封性这 一困难就能顺利实现截流。 所述的管道环绕一周使腔室水平截面呈环形、 所有腔室形成一筒体， 所述的筒体包括所有腔室上部形成的上本体 6、所有 腔室下部形成的底座 7。 环形的筒体能够对外部的高位流体实现阻隔截流， 防止其流入筒内， 例如在水上的装货船体周围一圈设置底座 7， 底座 7上设 置上本体 6， 如此一来高液位端 1处于筒体之外， 所述的低液位端 2处于筒 体之内， 此时若外界液位升高， 则腔室上移， 即上本体 6 上移； 若底座 7 由于船体承重增加等因素而高度下降， 那么上本体 6相对底座 7位置也是 上移， 反之则上本体 6相对底座 7下移。 上本体 6可以在一定范围内自由 上下移动来适应外界液位的变化， 因此可以调节截流的高度。 而诸如海上 作业平台、 船体之类处于海上的装置， 当遭遇风浪时， 现有技术的截流板 在受到冲击后没有消震缓冲的能力， 同时会将大量震动传递到与底座 7相 连的海上作业平台、 船体等， 容易造成损害， 而本发明中的上本体 6在遭 受风浪等外力时能在一定范围内自由上下、 左右波动从而缓冲消震， 且不 会将过多震动传递到底座 7及与底座 7相连的装置， 因此安全性较高， 使 用寿命也长。 再者， 当环形是圆环时， 上本体 6和下底座 7之间还能发生 转动， 例如在海上作业平台周围设置下底座 7， 其上设置上本体 6， 可以防 止外界升高的海水淹没海上作业平台， 而若在上本体 6上安装有作业设备， 当需要作业设备换位置时， 只需转动上本体 6 即可， 而不必像安装在密封 固定的截流装置上那样， 由于无法整体移动整个海上作业平台而只能拆卸 作业设备来更换其位置， 大大提高了生产生活中的便捷性。 在不需截流时， 也可以直接将上本体 6拿掉， 在需要使用时再装回上本体 6。所述的气封段 5的最低气封点高度与上本体 6的最低点高度相等，所述的气封段 5的最高 气封点高度与底座 7最高点高度相等。 在此状态下， 前段液柱 3与后段液 柱 4 的高度差达到最大， 可使用最少的腔室数量实现同等状况下的截流。 而将本发明上端封闭后也可以潜入流体中， 作为潜水装置来使用， 同样不 需要采用以往的密封类型， 只需使用本发明的腔室结构就能截断内、 外流 体的流动。
实施例 3
在如图 4所示的实施例 3中， 一种截流装置， 包括高液位端 1、 低液位 端 2， 所述的高液位端 1与低液位端 2之间通过管道连通， 所述的管道依次 上下起伏， 且每一个起伏构成一个下端隔开、 上端是通路的腔室， 所述的 腔室内设有前段液柱 3、 后段液柱 4及将前段液柱 3、 后段液柱 4隔开的处 于腔室上方的气封段 5， 所述的前段液柱 3高度高于后段液柱 4高度。所有 腔室连通成管道， 因此相邻腔室之间都是连通的， 两个相邻腔室之间， 后 一腔室的前段液柱 3与前一腔室的后段液柱 4相连且前段液柱 3高度高于 后段液柱 4高度， 因此对气封段 5形成了由液位差提供的压力， 每一个腔 室均是如此， 所有压力的合力与高液位端 1、低液位端 2的压差抵消， 就实 现了阻止高液位端 1 的流体流向低液位端 2的效果， 达到了截流的效果。 该种截流方法中， 高液位端 1、 低液位端 2之间通过所有腔室连通， 并不需 要实际的硬密封， 与现有技术的密封板类结构相比， 不需解决保证密封性 这一困难就能顺利实现截流。 作为优选， 所述的管道环绕一周使腔室水平 截面呈环形、 所有腔室形成一筒体， 所述的筒体包括所有腔室上部形成的 上本体 6、 所有腔室下部形成的底座 7。 所述的上本体 6上设有覆盖上本体 6的台面 9， 所述的台面 9与上本体 6上表面相贴， 所述的台面 9、 上本体 6为一体成型， 所述的底座 7外缘设有一圈挡板 10。 台面 9可以作为各种 物品、 设备的存放地， 底座 7在不使用时可以处于上本体 6下方但与上本 体 6脱离。 当外界流体液位升高， 例如涨水时， 底座 7受到浮力上升， 与 底座 7相连的挡板 10也随之上升， 挡住外界的水使其不会侵入台面 9， 而 底座 7上升后与上本体 6发生交错， 水进入底座 Ί中部， 继而液位继续上 升进入腔室， 从而形成本发明的截流装置， 如此底座 7 中部的水就不易流 到底座 7外侧并流到台面 9上， 因此也不会对台面 9上的物体造成侵害， 因此可保证平台上的物体既不会被外界水侵入浸湿， 也不会被从下端涌上 的水浸湿。 而无水时， 底座 7可回到原位。 同时， 上本体 6也可随着本发 明截流装置的形成自动变化高度， 以维持截流效果。构成前段液柱 3、 后段 液柱 4的液体可以是被截流流体本身， 也可以是其他液体。
实施例 4
在如图 5所示的实施例 4中， 一种截流装置， 包括上本体 6及与上本 体相对的底座 7，上本体 6与底座 7交错设有分隔板，分隔板之间构成管道， 管道的两端分别构成高液位端 1与低液位端 2，所述的高液位端 1与低液位 端 2之间通过管道连通， 所述的管道上下起伏构成一个下端隔开、 上端是 通路的腔室， 所述的腔室内设有前段液柱 3、 后段液柱 4及将前段液柱 3、 后段液柱 4隔开的处于腔室上方的气封段 5，所述的前段液柱 3高度高于后 段液柱 4高度， 管道腔室的水平截面呈矩形、 所有腔室形成一矩形箱体， 所述的箱体包括所有腔室上部形成的上本体、 所有腔室下部形成的底座， 上本体所有隔板的两侧封闭构成上部密封、 向下具有开口的结构， 隔板与 隔板之间形成独立的密封空间， 下本体上的隔板位于上本体对应位置的密 封空间内。
本实施例采用隔板结构， 所有腔室连通成管道， 因此相邻腔室之间都 是连通的， 两个相邻腔室之间， 后一腔室的前段液柱与前一腔室的后段液 柱相连且前段液柱高度高于后段液柱高度， 因此对气封段形成了由液位差 提供的压力， 每一个腔室均是如此， 所有压力的合力与高液位端、 低液位 端的压差抵消， 就实现了阻止高液位端的流体流向低液位端的效果， 达到 了截流的效果。 上本体所有隔板与隔板之间形成独立的密封空间可以有效 地防止气封段的气体泄漏， 提高密封效果。 该种截流方法中， 高液位端、 低液位端之间通过所有腔室连通， 并不需要实际的密封， 与现有技术的密 封板类结构相比， 不需解决保证接触面密封性这一困难就能顺利实现截流。
除上述实施例外， 在发明的权利要求书及说明书所公开的范围内， 本 发明的技术特征或技术数据可以进行重新选择及组合， 从而构成新的实施 例， 这些都是本领域技术人员无需进行创造性劳动即可实现的， 因此这些 本发明没有详细描述的实施例也应视为本发明的具体实施例而在本发明的 保护范围之内； 另外， 在进出口互换的情况下， 本发明的结构可以照常工 作， 因此， 这样的实施方式也在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种截流装置， 其特征是， 包括高液位端 （1)、 低液位端 （2)， 所 述的高液位端 （1) 与低液位端 （2) 之间通过管道连通， 所述的管道依次 上下起伏， 且每一个起伏构成一个下端隔开、 上端是通路的腔室， 所述的 腔室内设有前段液柱（3)、后段液柱（4)及将前段液柱（3)、后段液柱（4) 隔开的处于腔室上方的气封段 （5)， 所述的前段液柱 （3) 高度高于后段液 柱 （4) 高度。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述的一种截流装置， 其特征是， 所述的管道环绕 一周使腔室水平截面呈环形、 所有腔室形成一筒体， 所述的筒体包括所有 腔室上部形成的上本体 （6)、 所有腔室下部形成的底座 （7)。
3.根据权利要求 2所述的一种截流装置， 其特征是，所述的气封段（5) 的最低气封点高度与上本体 （6) 的最低点高度相等。
4.根据权利要求 2所述的一种截流装置， 其特征是，所述的气封段（5) 的最高气封点高度与底座 （7) 最高点高度相等。
5.根据权利要求 2或 3或 4所述的一种截流装置， 其特征是， 所述的 上本体（6)上设有一或若干圈浮体（8)， 所述的浮体（8)处于上本体（6) 外端侧面。
6.根据权利要求 2或 3或 4所述的一种截流装置， 其特征是， 所述的 上本体 （6) 与底座 （7) 体之间设有连接绳， 所述的连接绳处于极限拉伸 状态时上本体 （6) 最低点高度低于底座 （7) 最高点高度。
7.根据权利要求 2所述的一种截流装置， 其特征是，所述的上本体（6) 上设有覆盖上本体 （6) 的台面 （9)， 所述的台面 （9) 与上本体 （6) 上表 面相贴。
8.根据权利要求 7所述的一种截流装置， 其特征是， 所述的台面 （9)、 上本体 （6) 为一体成型， 所述的底座 （7) 外缘设有一圈挡板 （10)。
9.根据权利要求 1 所述的一种截流装置， 其特征是， 所述管道腔室的 水平截面呈矩形、 所有腔室形成一矩形箱体， 所述的箱体包括所有腔室上 部形成的上本体 （6)、 所有腔室下部形成的底座 （7)， 上本体所有隔板的 两侧封闭构成上部密封、 向下具有开口的结构， 隔板与隔板之间形成独立 的密封空间， 下本体上的隔板位于上本体对应位置的密封空间内。
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