WO2014068880A1 - Dispositif d'alimentation électrique et véhicule comportant le dispositif d'alimentation électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation électrique et véhicule comportant le dispositif d'alimentation électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014068880A1
WO2014068880A1 PCT/JP2013/006164 JP2013006164W WO2014068880A1 WO 2014068880 A1 WO2014068880 A1 WO 2014068880A1 JP 2013006164 W JP2013006164 W JP 2013006164W WO 2014068880 A1 WO2014068880 A1 WO 2014068880A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power supply
supply device
capacitor
storage case
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/006164
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
大隅　信幸
忠幸 佐賀
真明 廣岡
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三洋電機株式会社
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Priority to JP2014544240A priority Critical patent/JPWO2014068880A1/ja
Publication of WO2014068880A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014068880A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/296—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by terminals of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply device for a vehicle and a vehicle including the same, for example, a battery system for a vehicle in which a sub battery is connected in parallel with a lead battery, and a vehicle on which the battery system is mounted.
  • a conventional vehicle is equipped with a lead battery using a lead storage battery with a rated voltage of 12V as a battery for electrical equipment.
  • a lead storage battery with a rated voltage of 12V as a battery for electrical equipment.
  • two sets of 12V lead batteries are connected in series to obtain a rated voltage.
  • It is equipped with a 24V lead battery.
  • the lead battery is charged by the alternator of the vehicle and supplies power to the vehicle electrical equipment, the cell motor, and the like.
  • this lead battery has a small discharge resistance, it has a drawback that it is difficult to charge efficiently because the charge resistance is large.
  • a battery system for a vehicle in which a lithium ion secondary battery is connected in parallel with a lead battery has been developed ( Patent Document 1).
  • the above-described battery system is arranged in the engine room to shorten the wiring length and reduce the loss due to wiring resistance. Conceivable.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems.
  • the main object of the present invention is to reduce the influence of a short circuit in the case of a power supply device configured to store a plurality of capacitors such as secondary batteries in a storage case even if water enters the vicinity of the capacitor in the storage case. It is in providing an electric vehicle provided with the power supply device and power supply device which enabled suppression.
  • a storage battery row in which a plurality of capacitors are connected in series, a storage in which the capacitor rows are stored, and an output terminal on the negative electrode side is provided on the upper surface.
  • a power supply device including a case, wherein the capacitor row includes a negative electrode side connection terminal located on a lower surface side in the storage case, and a positive electrode side connection terminal located on an upper surface side in the storage case,
  • the power supply apparatus may further include a negative electrode side lead plate that connects the negative electrode side output terminal positioned on the upper surface side of the storage case and the negative electrode side connection terminal positioned on the lower surface side of the storage case.
  • the positive electrode side connection terminal having a high potential with respect to the ground is located on the upper surface side of the storage case, it can be hardly affected by rainwater or condensed water, and is electrically connected to the ground.
  • the negative electrode side connection terminal having no problem can be arranged on the lower surface side of the storage case.
  • the negative side connection terminal has a low potential with respect to the ground, and in some cases the same potential as the ground. It can be located on the lower surface side of the storage case.
  • the storage case has a positive output terminal provided on an upper surface, and the power supply device further connects the positive connection terminal and the positive output terminal.
  • a positive electrode side lead plate shorter than the negative electrode side lead plate can be provided.
  • the plurality of capacitors are a plurality of capacitors having an outer shape extended in one direction and provided with positive and negative electrode terminals at both ends in the longitudinal direction, wherein the capacitor row is
  • Each storage battery can be held in the storage case in a state in which the longitudinal direction thereof is in a horizontal posture and the plurality of storage devices are arranged in a vertical direction in a posture parallel to each other.
  • the capacitor row can be configured by arranging a plurality of capacitor sets in which a plurality of the capacitors are connected in series in the longitudinal direction and arranged in parallel in the vertical direction. With the above configuration, a plurality of capacitors can be added in the longitudinal direction to use more capacitors.
  • the capacitor set can be configured by two capacitors connected in the longitudinal direction of each capacitor.
  • one of the end faces of each capacitor can always be an open surface where no other capacitor exists, and heat dissipation can be improved.
  • the capacitor row can be constituted by five capacitor sets arranged in parallel to each other.
  • the capacitor row can be only one row.
  • positioned along the main surface of a storage case can be thermally radiated reliably, and heat dissipation can be improved compared with the structure which arrange
  • the negative electrode side connection terminal of the capacitor array can be grounded.
  • the plurality of capacitors include a secondary battery that discharges gas, and the storage case forms a gas discharge hole that exhausts gas discharged from the secondary battery.
  • the plurality of storage batteries can be nickel metal hydride batteries. With the above configuration, it is possible to store electricity that exhibits excellent characteristics even in a high temperature environment.
  • a switching circuit that is further connected to a circuit board on which a monitoring circuit for monitoring charging / discharging of the plurality of capacitors is mounted and a total output of the capacitor row, and that switches ON / OFF of the output.
  • the storage case has a partition wall formed in a vertical direction in the storage case, and the partition wall includes a space in which the capacitor row is disposed, and a space in which the circuit board is disposed. Can be partitioned.
  • the switching unit can be disposed above the circuit board.
  • the switching unit that generates heat is arranged above the inside of the storage case so that the heat generated by the switching unit is dissipated from the upper surface of the storage case, and the heat generated by the switching unit affects the battery and the circuit board. Can be efficiently dissipated.
  • the outer shape of the capacitor can be a cylindrical shape.
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken along line III-III of the power supply device of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken along line IV-IV of the power supply device of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where water has accumulated in the storage case of FIG. 1 and a capacitor row has been submerged.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where water has accumulated in the storage case of FIG. 1 and a capacitor row has been submerged.
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state where water has accumulated in the storage case of FIG. 1 and a capacitor row has been submerged.
  • FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view of the power supply device taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which water has accumulated in the storage case of FIG. 8 and a capacitor row has been submerged.
  • each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are constituted by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member, and conversely, the function of one member is constituted by a plurality of members. It can also be realized by sharing.
  • the contents described in some examples and embodiments may be used in other examples and embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a power supply apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the power supply apparatus 100
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are cross-sectional views of the internal structure of the power supply apparatus 100.
  • a power supply device 100 shown in these drawings accommodates a capacitor array 10 composed of a plurality of capacitors 1, a circuit board 20 electrically connected to the capacitor array 10, and the plurality of capacitors 1 and the circuit board 20. And a pair of output terminals 36 for outputting the total voltage of the capacitor array 10.
  • the storage case 30 is indicated by a broken line to show the internal structure of the power supply device 100.
  • the power supply device 100 is used as a vehicle-mounted battery for a sub-battery connected in parallel with a 12 V electrical battery such as a lead battery PB as shown in FIG. 5 described later.
  • Storage case 30 an example in which the power supply device 100 is used as a vehicle-mounted battery for a sub-battery connected in parallel
  • the storage case 30 has a rectangular outer shape.
  • the storage case 30 is preferably made of a material having excellent insulating properties, for example, resin.
  • a plurality of capacitors 1 and the circuit board 20 are housed inside the housing case 30.
  • the output terminal 36 includes a positive output terminal 36+ connected to the positive side of the total voltage of the battery array 10, and a negative output terminal 36- connected to the negative side. Further, as shown in the vertical sectional view of FIG. 4, the positive output terminal 36+ is connected to the inside of the storage case 30, and the positive lead plate 50+ and the negative output terminal 36- are connected to the negative lead plate 50-, respectively. ing. Further, a bus bar 54 for wiring a later-described capacitor row 10, the switching unit 25, and the like is provided above the storage case 30.
  • a hole 37 for venting gas is opened on the upper surface of the storage case 30. This is a hole 37 for discharging gas from the storage case 30 so that the inside of the storage case 30 does not become excessively high pressure when the battery 1 is a type that discharges gas.
  • the gas discharge hole 37 is preferably connected with a duct for safely discharging the gas discharged from here to the outside of the vehicle.
  • the capacitor array 10 includes a negative electrode side connection terminal 12 positioned on the lower surface side in the storage case 30 and a positive electrode side connection terminal 14 positioned on the upper surface side in the storage case 30.
  • the negative output terminal 36- is positioned on the upper surface side of the storage case 30 and is connected to the negative connection terminal 12 positioned on the lower surface side of the storage case 30 by the negative lead plate 50-.
  • the positive output terminal 36+ is connected to the positive output terminal by the positive lead plate 50+.
  • the positive lead plate 50+ is shorter than the negative lead plate 50-.
  • the capacitor array 10 has the negative electrode side connection terminal 12 grounded. (Accumulator 1)
  • the power storage device 1 is a member that can store power, and a secondary battery cell can be suitably used.
  • a nickel metal hydride battery can be suitably used.
  • the power supply voltage of the nickel metal hydride battery is 1.2V, it becomes 12V when 10 nickel metal hydride batteries are connected in series, and is suitable for parallel connection with a lead battery PB having a power supply voltage of 12V.
  • a capacitor set 10 is formed by arranging two sets of capacitors 1, which are nickel-metal hydride batteries, in the longitudinal direction and arranged in parallel on the same plane. That is, the capacitor array 10 is composed of ten nickel metal hydride batteries.
  • the voltage of the power supply device 100 can be adjusted to match that of the lead battery of the connection destination.
  • a lead battery having a rated voltage of 24V such as a large vehicle such as a truck, can be made to support 24V by connecting 20 capacitors 1 of nickel-metal hydride batteries in series.
  • capacitors may be connected in parallel, thereby increasing the electric capacity of the power supply device.
  • a battery cell is used as the capacitor 1.
  • the present invention uses a capacitor such as an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) instead of or in addition to the battery cell as the capacitor.
  • EDLC electric double layer capacitor
  • the battery 1 uses a cylindrical outer can.
  • a plurality of cylindrical capacitors 1 are held in a horizontal posture and are arranged in a planar shape along the inner surface of the storage case 30.
  • the capacitor row 10 is taken as one row, and can be used as a heat radiating surface of the capacitor 1 by being along one main surface (the left main surface in FIG. 3) of the storage case 30.
  • the circuit board 20 is arranged on the other main surface (the main surface on the right side in FIG. 3), thereby separating the capacitor array 10 serving as a heat generation source and the circuit board 20 so that the heat generated by the capacitor 1 is generated by the circuit board. The situation affecting 20 can be reduced. (Circuit board 20)
  • the circuit board 20 is disposed between the capacitor array 10 and the main surface of the storage case 30.
  • the circuit board 20 is mounted with an electronic circuit that monitors charging / discharging of the battery 1.
  • the circuit board 20 can also be equipped with a safety circuit that monitors abnormalities of the respective capacitors 1 based on current, voltage, temperature, etc., and shuts off the abnormalities when determined. (Switching unit 25)
  • the switching unit 25 is a member that is connected to the output of the capacitor array 10 and switches ON / OFF of the output.
  • the switching unit 25 is disposed between the capacitor row 10 and the lead battery PB in a state where the capacitor row 10 is connected in parallel with the lead battery PB.
  • the switching unit 25 is turned on, the capacitor row 10 is connected in parallel with the lead battery PB, and when turned off, the capacitor row 10 is disconnected from the circuit.
  • Such a switching unit 25 can be a relay or a semiconductor switching element.
  • the switching unit 25 serves as a heat generating member that generates heat when energized. (Partition wall 22)
  • the interior of the storage case 30 is partitioned by a partition wall 22 as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG.
  • the partition wall 22 is divided into a capacitor storage space BS in which the capacitor array 10 is disposed and a heat insulating space HG in which the circuit board 20 is disposed.
  • the partition wall 22 is comprised with the member provided with heat insulation.
  • the switching unit 25 is preferably disposed above the circuit board 20. Thereby, since the heat generated by the switching unit 25 is transferred upward by natural convection, it is possible to suppress the heat from affecting the circuit board 20 disposed below the switching unit 25.
  • the arrangement is not limited to the arrangement example in which the switching unit 25 is disposed substantially above the circuit board 20, and the switching unit 25 may be arranged to be offset from the circuit board 20 as in the power supply device 100 illustrated in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3. preferable.
  • the circuit board 20 and the switching unit 25 are arranged diagonally in the heat insulating space HG. By arranging in this way, the circuit board 20 can be separated as much as possible from the switching unit 25 in a limited space, and the influence of heat generated from the switching unit 25 can be further suppressed. (Circuit enclosure 26)
  • the circuit board 20 can also cover the periphery thereof.
  • the circuit board 20 and the periphery are surrounded by a circuit surrounding plate 26.
  • the circuit surrounding plate 26 is formed of a member having heat insulation properties.
  • the substrate surrounding plate may be omitted and also used as the partition wall.
  • the partition wall can be extended so that the inside of the storage case is completely partitioned, physically separated from the capacitor array, and the circuit board can be protected by the partition wall. (Cooling mechanism)
  • a cooling mechanism can be provided to improve the heat dissipation of the power supply device.
  • a cooling fan can be installed to forcibly blow cooling air into the power supply device, and the heat generated by the capacitor and the switching unit 25 can be air-cooled by heat exchange with the cooling air.
  • a heat radiating part such as a heat radiating fin is provided in the storage case, and a part of the heat radiating part is exposed on the surface of the storage case, and heat is radiated from this part, or the cooling air is forced against May be blown. (Horizontal position)
  • the capacitor row 10 holds each capacitor 1 in a horizontal posture.
  • the horizontal orientation means a direction that is substantially parallel to the water surface when water accumulates in the storage case 30.
  • the capacitor set 2 is configured by connecting the capacitors 1 in the longitudinal direction.
  • column 10 is comprised so that the capacitor
  • each capacitor 1 is set in the horizontal orientation, so that even if water may accumulate in the storage case 30, the number of capacitors that are flooded can be minimized. It becomes. That is, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 6, each capacitor set 2 constituting the capacitor row 10 is arranged in the vertical direction in the horizontal posture, and therefore, only both ends of the capacitor set located on the bottom surface are flooded. It becomes a state. In this state, even if a short circuit occurs, the potential difference of two capacitors is sufficient. For example, when a 1.2 V nickel metal hydride battery is used, the voltage difference is 2.4 V, and the short circuit current is small.
  • the advantage that damage can be greatly suppressed even when the same amount of water accumulates is obtained compared to the arrangement of FIG.
  • the storage case has a sealed structure such as opening a gas discharge hole. I can't.
  • the respective capacitors 1 are arranged in a horizontal posture in the storage case having the gas discharge opening. The gas discharged from the nickel-metal hydride battery can be safely exhausted to the outside of the storage case while greatly suppressing damage caused by flooding.
  • the capacitor set 2 of each layer is connected to the edge of the capacitor set 2 arranged in the vertical direction by the first lead plate 51.
  • the first lead plate 51 conducts the battery sets 2 at the shortest distance.
  • Such a lead plate is composed of a metal plate having excellent conductivity.
  • the total voltage of the capacitor array 10 is connected to the output terminal 36 via the positive lead plate 50+ and the negative lead plate 50-.
  • the positive electrode side of the capacitor rows 10 connected in series is connected to the positive electrode side output terminal 36+ via the positive electrode side lead plate 50+
  • the negative electrode side of the capacitor row 10 is connected to the negative electrode side.
  • the lead plate 50- is connected to the negative output terminal 36-.
  • the edge of the lower right capacitor among the upper left edge and the lower right edge of the capacitor row 10 is connected to the negative lead plate 50-, and the end of the upper left capacitor is connected.
  • the edge is connected to the positive lead plate 50+.
  • the positive lead plate 50+ is disposed at the uppermost layer, that is, at the highest position of the capacitor array 10, even if the positive electrode lead plate 50+ may be submerged in the storage case 30, the possibility of short-circuiting to this portion is also relatively high. The safety can be improved.
  • the output terminal 36 is provided on the upper surface of the storage case 30, that is, at the highest position of the storage case 30, an effect of reducing the possibility of short-circuiting between the output terminals 36 is obtained.
  • the bus bar 54 is also arranged at the upper part of the storage case 30, the risk of this part being submerged due to flooding can be reduced, leading to improved reliability and stability.
  • the distance from the positive electrode side output terminal 36+ is reduced, and the length of the positive electrode side lead plate 50+ connecting them can be shortened.
  • the length of the positive lead plate 50+ can be made considerably shorter than the negative lead plate 50-, the risk of occurrence of a short circuit is reduced as the exposed area is reduced. It leads to what can be done.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example in which the above power supply device 100 is connected to a vehicle battery system.
  • the power supply device 100 shown in this figure functions as a sub battery that assists the lead battery PB.
  • the power supply device 100 that is a sub-battery is connected in parallel with the lead battery PB.
  • the lead battery PB and the sub-battery are directly connected by the lead wire 50 without going through a current adjustment circuit or the like. Therefore, the voltage of the lead battery PB and the sub battery is always the same voltage.
  • the lead battery and the sub battery can be connected in parallel via a switching element such as a relay or a semiconductor switching element, and can be connected in parallel via a diode or the like.
  • the lead battery PB is a battery in which 6 cells are connected in series and the rated voltage is 12V. However, the present invention does not specify the rated voltage of the lead battery as 12V. Two lead batteries can be connected in series for a rated voltage of 24V, three lead batteries can be connected in series for 36V, and four lead batteries can be connected in series for 48V. Because. Conventional electrical equipment is designed to operate with a power supply voltage of 12V. A vehicle equipped with a lead battery of 24V to 48V is equipped with electrical equipment that operates with this voltage.
  • the sub-batteries are connected in parallel in order to improve the charge / discharge efficiency and prevent the lead battery PB from deteriorating.
  • the sub battery is connected in parallel with the lead battery PB and has the same voltage.
  • compatibility the current balance of charging / discharging between the sub-battery and the lead battery PB, that is, compatibility is important. If the compatibility is poor, only the lead battery and sub-battery will be charged, or only the lead battery and sub-battery will be discharged, so even if both are connected in parallel, the charge / discharge efficiency cannot be improved. The life of the lead battery cannot be effectively extended.
  • the compatibility between the lead battery PB and the sub-battery is realized by controlling the open circuit voltage-discharge depth characteristics of the sub-battery.
  • the open circuit voltage-discharge depth characteristics of the sub-battery can be adjusted by, for example, the zinc amount of the positive electrode in a nickel metal hydride battery, and the lithium-containing compound as a positive electrode active material in a lithium ion secondary battery or a lithium polymer battery. Can be adjusted by selection.
  • the battery system described above can improve fuel efficiency even in a vehicle that is charged by driving the alternator 6 with the engine 96 regardless of regenerative braking. This is because the power supply device 100 that is a sub-battery can be charged up to eight times as much power as the lead battery PB.
  • the alternator 6 of the vehicle stabilizes the output voltage at a constant voltage of about 14 V in order to prevent the deterioration by charging the lead battery PB with a constant voltage and to keep the supply voltage of the electrical equipment 5 constant. ing. Therefore, the current for the alternator 6 to charge the lead battery PB is small and is not charged with a large current.
  • the alternator 6 does not charge the lead battery PB at 100 A, and the alternator 6 outputs the output current to supply power to the electrical equipment 5.
  • the ability of the alternator 6 to charge the battery system with a large current is effective in improving the fuel efficiency of the vehicle. This is because the alternator 6 can be operated in a region where the power generation efficiency is high, and the engine 96 can also be operated in a region where the fuel consumption rate is small. This is because the alternator 6 has low power generation efficiency at light loads, and the engine 96 has a high fuel consumption rate at light loads.
  • the regenerative braking generated power is charged not only in the lead battery PB but also in the power supply device 100 to protect the lead battery PB from high-current charging, and the alternator 6
  • power is supplied to the electrical equipment 5 from the charged power supply device 100 as well as the lead battery PB, so that the lead battery PB can be prevented from being charged and overdischarged, and the life can be extended.
  • the vehicle equipped with the power supply device and the power supply device according to the present invention can be suitably used for a battery for electrical equipment or an auxiliary battery of the vehicle.
  • the load of the lead battery can be reduced.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention supprime les effets de court-circuit même quand un dispositif d'alimentation électrique est submergé dans l'eau. Le dispositif d'alimentation électrique comporte une ligne de batteries (10) comprenant une pluralité de batteries connectées en série, un boîtier de logement (30) dans lequel est logée la ligne de batteries (10) et une borne de sortie du côté de l'électrode négative (36+) est disposée sur la surface supérieure. La ligne de batteries (10) comprend une borne de connexion du côté de l'électrode négative positionnée du côté inférieur dans le boîtier de logement (30) et une borne de connexion du côté de l'électrode positive positionnée du côté supérieur dans le boîtier de logement (30). Le dispositif d'alimentation électrique (100) comporte en outre une plaque conductrice du côté de l'électrode négative (50-) connectant la borne de sortie du côté de l'électrode négative (36+) positionnée sur le côté supérieur du boîtier de logement (30), et la borne de connexion du côté de l'électrode négative positionnée sur le côté inférieur du boîtier de logement (30).
PCT/JP2013/006164 2012-10-29 2013-10-17 Dispositif d'alimentation électrique et véhicule comportant le dispositif d'alimentation électrique WO2014068880A1 (fr)

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JP2017050093A (ja) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-09 トヨタ自動車株式会社 電池パック
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EP3657567A4 (fr) * 2017-07-20 2021-04-28 Vehicle Energy Japan Inc. Bloc batterie
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JP2021131936A (ja) * 2020-02-18 2021-09-09 株式会社デンソー 電池装置
JP7388233B2 (ja) 2020-02-18 2023-11-29 株式会社デンソー 電池装置

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