Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
  • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
  • C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
  • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
  • C12N1/36—Adaptation or attenuation of cells

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing a wood-based material and to a microorganism-containing medium for reducing the content of wood extract substance,
• the invention further relates to a
• Wood extract, precursors of VOC and / or VOC in wood or a wood-based material Wood extract, precursors of VOC and / or VOC in wood or a wood-based material.
• VOC volatile organic compounds
• Wood extract is a mixture of different wood extracts
• Wood ingredients which are soluble in solvents, in particular in polar and / or apolar organic solvents and / or water, for example in water, alcohol,
• Wood extractives which usually contain about 3% to 10% of the
• Wood extractives can significantly degrade the properties of materials used in the woodworking industry, such as the surface properties of the wood, as well as its drying or sizing behavior. Consequently, there is a need to reduce the amount of wood extract in cellulose-containing materials such as wood (especially solid wood), wood-based materials and their precursors or intermediates (especially wood strands,
• Wood chips or wood fibers for example for the
• VOC Class of terpenes, contained in wood extractives.
• Other sources for VOC can be the thermal and / or chemical degradation of
• VOC Lignin, hemicellulose or cellulose and / or of resins.
• the release of VOC is further promoted by an increase in the particle surface in the processing of cellulose-containing products.
• VOC emissions play an increasing role in the
• the emission of VOC is increasingly subject to restrictions due to feared health hazards.
• EP 2 181 818 A2 describes inter alia a process for the production of wood fiber materials with reduced VOC emission using a formulation comprising at least one compound for adjusting a neutral to basic pH and at least one complexing agent and as optional further Component contains antioxidants for oxidation protection of fats.
• WO 2006/039914 A1 describes the use of alkali metal hydroxides (especially of NaOH), alkali metal carbonates (especially of a 2 C0 3 ), alkali metal sulfites (especially of Na 2 S0 3 ), alkali metal phosphates
• WO 2006/032267 AI describes u. a. the use of alkaline compounds to produce emission-reduced OSB from high-fat conifers. From WO 2009/021702 AI is a treatment method for
• Urea derivatives and iv) optionally alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium hydroxide is used.
• Component B namely a strong acid or a Friedel-Crafts catalyst
• Component B are converted to higher molecular weight compounds that are no longer volatile.
• various biotechnological processes in particular using enzymes, have been used to remove wood extractives or to reduce the VOC content proposed. Enzymatic processes have the advantage over the above-mentioned physico-chemical processes that they are generally much more selective, provide less undesirable by-products and
• albinotic mutants of sap stain fungi mainly Ophiostoma spp.
• sap stain fungi mainly Ophiostoma spp.
• white rot fungi have been tested for their ability to degrade lipophilic compounds during storage (Martinez M.
• Oxidation catalyst in particular with the enzyme laccase, is treated to initiate an autocatalytic oxidation reaction.
• the invention has for its object to provide an effective, inexpensive and sustainable method by which the content of wood extract, precursors of VOC and / or VOC in a material based on
• Cellulose in particular wood and / or a wood material, can be reduced.
• This object is achieved by a method for producing a wood-based material according to claim 1, after which a wood-containing intermediate or intermediate product of the wood material is treated with a medium containing microorganisms.
• the object is further achieved by a wood material according to claim 20, a microorganism-containing medium for reducing the content of wood extract according to
• Wood extract, precursors of VOC and / or VOC in wood or a wood-based material according to claim 23 are specified in the dependent claims and are explained below as the general inventive concept in detail.
• Wood material is characterized in that a wood-containing intermediate or intermediate product of the wood material is treated with a medium containing microorganisms.
• microorganism in the sense of the invention means any kind of microscopically small animal. Microscopically small means that the individual is no longer visible to the naked eye. This is usually the case for individuals with diameters of 100 ⁇ and smaller.
• microorganism as used herein includes both procaryotic and eukaryotic animals and, in addition to unicellular organisms such as bacteria, yeasts, flagellates or ciliates, also multicellular organisms such as e.g. Rotifers. To microorganisms in the sense of
• the invention includes, in particular, those selected from the group consisting of bacteria, archaea, fungi, microalgae and protozoa.
• microorganisms When referring to "microorganisms" in the plural, it is a plurality (at least two) of
• wood material understood a variety of materials that consist of wood or wood. Examples of wood-based materials in the sense the invention are wood panels or wood moldings, which may be both composite materials of individual wood particles as well as materials made of solid wood. Particularly good results are found in the invention
• Wood composite material is obtained by comminution of
• Structural elements can be any size reduction products of cellulose-containing materials, such as
• Wood particles in particular wood chips, wood strands, wood fibers and / or wood veneers. Wood-based materials in the sense of this ⁇
• Invention are in particular those based on solid wood
• Veneer materials, chipboard materials, fiber materials or other composite materials This is suitable
• inventive method particularly well for the production of pressed wood materials, especially of fiber or OSB boards.
• wood material especially of fiber or OSB boards.
• the precursor or intermediate may be selected, for example, from 1.) the cellulose-containing starting material; 2.) the structural elements obtained by comminution, such as the wood particles, wood chips, wood strands, wood fibers or wood veneers and 3.) almost finished
• the surface is known to increase with decreasing particle size.
• Wood fibers whose maximum diameter is 2 cm or smaller, preferably 1.5 cm or smaller.
• the method according to the invention is not limited to using small-sized materials, such as chips, strands or fibers, as substrates. Rather, it may be sufficient to treat only the surface or only part of the surface of the material to be treated with a microorganism-containing medium to effect a reduction of the VOC or VOC precursors for the entire material.
• the surface of an almost finished wood material such as a pressed chipboard, fiber or OSB board, treated with a medium containing microorganisms, so that the
• Media containing microorganisms can effect the inventive effect of reducing VOC emissions in the final product.
• Microorganism-containing medium not only selectively reduces individual VOC species, but the total VOC content over the entire VOC spectrum can be reduced. Without wishing to be bound by scientific theories, this effect appears to be due to the complex interplay of the various microorganism species present in the
• Microorganism-containing medium Microorganism-containing medium.
• the medium according to the invention contains a multiplicity of different ones
• Microorganism species so at least two
• Microorganism species preferably at least 10, at least 100, at least 250 or at least 500 different
• Microorganism species It has been observed that the highest possible biodiversity in the microorganism-containing medium leads to a particularly high performance in terms of the VOC reduction. In particular, the richness of species extends the spectrum of VOC species and corresponding VOC precursors, which is characterized by the
• inventive method can be reduced.
• microbiocenoses A variety of different microorganisms that live together in a medium or habitat, found in nature often in the form of so-called microbiocenoses. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the contents contained in the medium according to the invention are derived
• Microorganisms from a microbiocenosis or represent a microbiocenosis are Microorganisms from a microbiocenosis or represent a microbiocenosis.
• a microbiocenosis is understood by the person skilled in the art
• Microorganism community which represents the totality of microorganisms occurring in a microhabitat.
• Microbiocenoses represent a dynamic system that is constantly changing and constantly evolving in the environment and environment
• microbiocenoses and the adaptability of It is also believed that ikrobioenoses generally explain why it has been found that a variety of naturally occurring microbiocenoses can be successfully used in the method of the present invention. This is true even in the event that the microbiocenoses are not affected by their
• the medium to be used according to the invention can be any medium to be used according to the invention.
• Planktonically ie, like plankton floating in water
• flocculated ie, as clumping of smaller groups of microorganisms
• contained in the form of an intact or comminuted biofilm If this is talk about medium, so it is with each
• Liquid meant in which the microorganisms used can survive.
• a liquid is selected as the medium in which the
• Microorganism-containing medium is a water-based medium, i. the proportion of water in the liquid phase is at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight and especially preferably at least 90% by weight or
• the microorganism-containing medium may also be a microorganism culture or a dilution thereof.
• the substances contained in the medium according to the invention are derived
• Microorganism species optionally together with other particulate matter such. Sand, on a surface or
• Biofilms usually contain one
• Biofilms provide protection and protection for microorganisms
• floating or floating is in biofilms especially the protection against adverse environmental influences, such as dehydration, extreme pH levels or chemicals and
• Niches in the biofilm e.g., flow dead zones or
• the EPS matrix also acts as a nutrient storage for bad times.
• Biofilms which contain microorganisms which are particularly suitable for the process according to the invention are widespread.
• suitable biofilms are formed at the
• Rainwater catchment basin Preference according to the invention is biofilms derived from waste water, biological wastewater treatment or plants of the wood and / or woodworking industry and / or biofilms that already with wood and / or
• Waste water resulting from the treatment of wood by steaming, cooking, defibering or drying are wastewater types from the wood-based material production, in particular Waste water resulting from the treatment of wood by steaming, cooking, defibering or drying.
• a refiner serves to shred wood chips or sawdust.
• the StopfSchnecke is the refiner
• the chips or sawdust are cooked in front of the refiner to soften the material.
• Stopfschneckenaustragswasser is due to the conditions prevailing in the digester (up to 8 bar pressure and 160 ° C) initially almost sterile, but learns in the downstream collection tank after cooling a
• Materials based on cellulose such as the wood-containing precursors or intermediates of a
• Wood material have a reduced content
• Wood extract precursors of VOC and / or VOC.
• the process of the invention makes it possible to effectively reduce the content of unsaturated compounds in the wood extract such as, for example
• unsaturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acid esters eg linoleic acid or triglycerides with at least one unsaturated fatty acid constituent. Since these compounds VOC precursors for the VOC class of aldehydes represent, can be reduced particularly effective with the inventive method aldehyde emissions.
• wood extract according to the invention one or more wood ingredients understood that can be extracted from the wood with polar and / or apolar organic solvents and / or water, for example with water, alcohol, benzene, hexane, cyclohexane, ether and / or acetone ,
• the VOC precursor compounds contained in the wood extract substance form additional VOC species when heated.
• Wood extract material and VOC precursor compounds is characterized by the method according to the invention treated intermediate or intermediate product of a wood material also characterized in that when heated, for example in a
• VOCs whose content is to be reduced by the process according to the invention are, for example, aromatic
• Hydrocarbons aliphatic hydrocarbons, terpenes, aliphatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, glycols,
• VOCs whose content is to be reduced by the method according to the invention also include, for example
• aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, Ethylbenzene, o-, m- and p-xylene, isopropylbenzene, n-propylbenzene, 1-propenylbenzene, 1, 3, 5-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, 1, 2, 3-trimethylbenzene, 2-ethyltoluene, 1-isopropyl-2-methylbenzene (o-cymene), 1-isopropyl-3-methylbenzene (m-cymene), 1-isopropyl-4-methylbenzene (p-cymene), 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1 , 2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene,
• aliphatic hydrocarbons such as 3-methylpentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane,
• aliphatic hydrocarbons having 6 to 8 or 9 to 16 carbon atoms.
• VOCs whose content is to be reduced by the process according to the invention are, for example, terpenes, for example 3-carene, ⁇ -pinene, ⁇ -pinene, limonene and other terpenes.
• terpenes for example 3-carene, ⁇ -pinene, ⁇ -pinene, limonene and other terpenes.
• the VOCs whose content is to be reduced by the process according to the invention include, for example, furthermore aliphatic alcohols, such as, for example, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, tert-butanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, 2-methyl- 1-butanol, 1-butanol, pentanol (all isomers), 1-hexanol, cyclohexanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 4-hydroxy-4- methyl-pentane-2-one (diacetone alcohol), other C4-C10 saturated n- and iso-alcohols, other C11-C13 saturated n- or iso-alcohols and aromatic alcohols, such as
• phenol for example, phenol, BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), benzyl alcohol.
• VOCs whose content is to be reduced by the process according to the invention are, for example, glycols, glycol ethers and glycol esters, for example propylene glycol (1,2-dihydroxypropane), ethylene glycol (ethanediol), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 2-phenoxyethanol,
• Ethylene carbonate 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (Texanol®), butyl glycolate (hydroxyacetic acid butyl ester), butyl diglycol acetate (ethanol, 2- (2-butoxyethoxy) acetate, BDGA),
• Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol, 2-methylethoxyethanol, 2-hexoxyethanol, 1, 2-dimethoxyethane, 1, 2-diethoxyethane, 2-methoxyethyl acetate, 2-ethoxyethyl acetate, 2-butoxyethyl acetate, 2- (2 Hexoxyethoxy) ethanol, 1-methoxy-2- (2-methoxyethoxy) ethane, 2-methoxy-1-propanol, 2-methoxy-1-propyl acetate,
• aldehydes such as butanal
• aldehydes such as butanal
• VOCs whose content is to be reduced by the process according to the invention are organic acids, such as, for example, acetic acid,
• Propionic acid isobutyric acid, butyric acid, pivalic acid, n-valeric acid, n-caproic acid, n-heptanoic acid, n-octanoic acid or 2-ethylhexanoic acid.
• esters and lactones which belong to the VOCs whose content is to be reduced by the process according to the invention are, for example, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, vinyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, propyl acetate, 2-methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate, n-butyl formate, methyl methacrylates,
• Ethylhexyl acrylate acrylic acid ester, dimethyl adipate, dibutyl fumarate, dimethyl succinate, Dimethyl glutarate, hexanediol diacrylate,
• Glutaric diisobutyl ester diisobutyl succinate.
• the following compounds also belong to the VOCs whose content is to be reduced by the process according to the invention: for example 1,4-dioxane, caprolactam, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, methenamine,
• CIT 4-isothiazolin-3-one
• MIT 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one
• riethylamine decamethylcyclopentasiloxane
• Wood-based material involves the step of making a wood
• containing intermediate or intermediate product of the wood material is treated with a medium containing microorganisms.
• treatment processes in which microorganisms have already been used present on or in the wood containing precursors or intermediates of wood-based material were present, act on these over time and begin to decompose it (for example, during storage, processing or composting).
• treatment as used herein necessarily includes the step of microorganisms containing the wood-containing precursor or intermediate product of the wood
• Wood material are actively supplied, or brought into contact with this.
• Wood material treated by being wetted with the microorganism-containing medium Preferably, the wetted precursor or intermediate product of the wood material
• Total moisture content of the wood is at most about 300%, preferably at most about 250% and particularly preferably from about 130% to about 250%.
• the Surface of the wood-containing intermediate or precursor may be completely or partially wetted with medium containing microorganisms.
• Wood material in the treatment with the microorganism-containing medium has a moisture content of at most about 300%, preferably at most about 250% and more preferably from about 130% to about 250%, on. It has been found that with these wood moistures optimum results in terms of VOC reduction and the mechanical-chemical properties of the produced
• the moisture content of the wood i. the
• wood moisture (%) 100 ⁇ (wet weight - Darr weight) / Darr weight.
• Darra as used here means the weight after drying at a
• Moisture during treatment with the medium containing microorganisms provides very good results, it is possible to significantly reduce water consumption and drying energy consumption in production. This is in view of the rising energy costs of Advantage and meets the requirements for a sustainable and environmentally friendly production.
• wetting and / or setting the desired moisture content of wood are known. Wetting by spraying, spraying, spraying and / or misting has proved to be particularly practical for the process according to the invention. It is also
• wood-containing precursor or intermediate for example, in a liquid bath, which with the
• Microorganisms containing medium is immersed, dipped and then removed again to effect wetting.
• a soaking or flooding the wood-containing intermediate or intermediate product is conceivable.
• the treatment includes the pre- or
• Intermediate product of the wood material with the medium containing microorganisms also an incubation step.
• the mixture of wood-containing intermediate or intermediate product and microorganism-containing medium is preferably incubated at about 15 ° C to about 70 ° C. According to a preferred
• Embodiment of the method according to the invention the incubation at about 15 ° C to about 60 ° C, preferably at about 15 ° C to about 50 ° C and in particular at about 15 ° C to about 40 ° C. There are thus no precautions for temperature control during incubation required and this can
• the incubation and / or treatment step may be in a conventional wet chip bunker prior to drying or before the digester. Since the treatment according to the invention with the microorganism-containing medium already at low temperatures - and especially at room temperature - gives very good results, it is possible to reduce energy consumption in the
• Wood particles for example, after being in contact with the microorganism-containing medium, can simply be left in the apparatus used for application of the medium to be incubated there at room temperature.
• Treatment with the microorganism-containing medium will give optimum results when the treatment or incubation is for at least about 180 minutes. From this treatment or incubation period arises
• Microorganism-containing medium must not have a particular pH or special buffer system for use in the method according to the invention. Consequently, a further advantage of the method according to the invention is the fact that many times good results can be achieved without having to set or monitor a specific pH.
• a plowshare mixer can be used.
• the person skilled in the art is also dependent on the quantity and size of the wood-containing intermediate or intermediate product
• Conditions i. is carried out in the presence of oxygen or if air and / or oxygen during the
• Treatment is introduced into the mixture of wood-containing intermediate or intermediate product and medium containing microorganisms. This applies in particular when the microorganisms contained in the medium according to the invention also comprise aerobic microorganisms. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, when in the
• microorganisms each based on the total amount of microorganisms
• Treatment is carried out aeration and / or introduction of air and / or oxygen in the mixture of wood-containing intermediate or intermediate product and microorganism-containing medium.
• air and / or oxygen in the mixture of wood-containing intermediate or intermediate product and microorganism-containing medium.
• Microorganisms have been recovered from wastewater and / or filter residues from the treatment of this wastewater.
• microorganism-containing medium may also contain or consist of wastewater and / or filter residues from the treatment of this wastewater.
• the wastewater may also contain or consist of wastewater and / or filter residues from the treatment of this wastewater.
• wastewater and / or live filter residues from the treatment of wastewater to treat are designated wastewater and / or live filter residues from the treatment of wastewater to treat.
• Waste water treatment seems to be due to the very wide range of impurities found in wastewater a microbiocenosis, which contains in principle all microorganisms required for the degradation of wood extract, precursors of VOC and / or VOC.
• wastewater a microbiocenosis which contains in principle all microorganisms required for the degradation of wood extract, precursors of VOC and / or VOC.
• Microbiocenoses and nutrients are Microbiocenoses and nutrients.
• the inventive method is especially from
• sewage When referring to "sewage”, it is meant to mean any water that is contaminated by use or drained from paved surfaces that is seized and / or discharged. This definition corresponds to that in German
• Liquids are also considered as waste and thus as wastewater.
• microbiological examination can be determined. It indicates how many colonies of microorganisms accumulate on an agar medium normalized for this purpose over the course of 48
• Total germ count is a good indicator of the actual total germ count. According to the German Drinking Water Ordinance, a limit value of 100 cfu / ml ("colony-forming units per milliliter") for tap-fed drinking water from wells and of 1000 cfu / ml for temporarily stored in tanks drinking water.
• wastewater refers in particular to a fluid which has a total bacterial count determined according to TrinkwV of more than about 1000 CFU / ml, in particular more than about 2000, preferably more than about 3000, more than about 5000 or more than about 10,000 cfu / ml.
• the wastewater is selected from the group consisting of
• Wastewater is that with wood and / or wood components in
• Wastewater from the wood and / or woodworking industry Wastewater from the wood and / or woodworking industry.
• the wastewater can, for example, from the
• Embodiment of the invention are also realized in that the microorganisms contained in the medium biofiimals from sewage treatment plants and / or living substances in Form of activated sludge from sewage treatment plants or wastewater from a woodchip biofilter a sewage treatment plant were obtained.
• the microorganism-containing medium can be any suitable material.
• biofilms from sewage treatment plants and / or living substances in the form of activated sludge from sewage treatment plants or wastewater from a woodchip biofilter contain a sewage treatment plant or consist of these.
• the activated sludge from sewage treatment plants is selected from the group consisting of aerobic or anaerobic sludge
• Treatment tank excess sludge of the aerobic or anaerobic treatment tank, sludge from the digester, primary sludge and combinations thereof.
• Wastewater treatment plants are also activated sludge from industrial
• Sewage treatment plants usable which are usually free from pathogenic germs and therefore hygienically safe.
• the inventive method works with a variety of different microorganisms and in particular with those that are not already on the
• microbiocenoses are characterized by a very high adaptability to new nutrient conditions. In practice, it has been found that when using microorganisms that are not already used to the metabolism of cellulose-containing materials such as wood, a "settling phase" (lag-phase) of the cellulose-containing materials such as wood, a "settling phase" (lag-phase) of the cellulose-containing materials such as wood, a "settling phase" (lag-phase) of the
• Wood extract precursors of VOC and / or VOC.
• adaptation and selection significantly increase the degradation of wood extract material.
• the cellulose-based material may in particular be identical to the preliminary or intermediate product of the wood-based material to be treated and containing the wood described above.
• Wood extractives, precursors of VOC and / or VOC result in an acceleration of the process and a further improvement in VOC reduction over the entire range of VOC species. This is probably due to the fact that the pre-adapted microorganisms could already change their metabolism accordingly, or such microorganisms could preferentially multiply, which also or particularly good wood extract, Be able to metabolize precursor substances of VOC and / or VOC.
• the pre-adaptation can be carried out, for example, by containing those contained in the medium according to the invention
• Microorganisms are first cultivated and thereby common wastewater types of the wood-based industry, in particular
• Wastewater from the treatment of wood by steaming, cooking, defibering or drying, comes for example
• Dump auger discharge water water from the discharge auger of the MDF digester, water from the rainwater retention basin,
• Sewage of the trunk washing, etc. are added to the cultivation approach.
• the aim is to get the microorganisms already accustomed to wood-relevant ingredients. This results firstly in the selection (preferential accumulation) of suitable microorganisms and secondly in the formation and induction of suitable enzyme systems in the microorganisms which can metabolize wood extract, precursors of VOC and / or VOC.
• the microorganisms are recovered after and / or during the implementation of the method according to the invention.
• microorganisms thus obtained can be reused in a further application of the method according to the invention.
• a specially adapted microbiocenosis can form over several applications of the process according to the invention, optimally adapted to the metabolization of wood extract substance,
• Biofilms that are suitable in the invention
• the microorganisms contained in the medium are quantitatively (based on the total number of microorganisms Einzellebeectomy) to at least about 50%, preferably at least about 80% and more preferably at least about 90% bacteria. This is the case in most natural microorganism populations, such as those in wastewater and / or live
• one embodiment of the invention provides that the microorganisms contained in the medium according to the invention consist quantitatively (based on the total number of microorganisms Einzellebecher) at most about 20%, preferably at most about 5% and more preferably at most about 1% of yeasts.
• Containing bacterial strain selected from the group consisting of Enterobacteriacea, in particular Enterobacter chloacae, Klebsiella sp. , Serratia ficaria, Pantoea sp. , Pseudomonadacea, in particular Pseudomonas sp. and
• the number of microorganisms / ml can be determined by counting the microorganisms present in a sample (single organisms) in a Thoma counting chamber.
• Counting chamber is known in the art and serves the
• Counting chambers are particularly used for the quantification of cells and microorganisms in medicine and biology. Are the microorganisms in the medium
• flocculates that is, as a clumping of smaller groups of microorganisms, or in the form of an intact or
• the medium according to the invention preferably contains the microorganisms in a total microbial count of at least about 10 3 CFU / ml or at least about 10 4 CFU / ml, preferably at least about 10 5 CFU / ml and more preferably at least about 10 6 cfu / ml.
• a correspondingly high dilution can be used microbiological üntersuchungs vide so that individual colonies can be distinguished on the agar medium.
• the selected dilution factor can then be extrapolated back to the total bacterial count in CFU / ml.
• Microorganisms individuals per g of the wood-containing intermediate or intermediate product is present.
• Microorganism density of about 1 x 10 3 to about 1 x 10 12 in particular from about 1 x 10 5 to about 1 x 10 10 i0
• Microorganisms individuals per g of wood-containing intermediate or precursor exposed The
• Microorganism density can be calculated by first counting the number of microorganisms / ml of the microorganism-containing medium as described above. Subsequently, the number of microorganisms can be determined by the wood moisture prevailing during the treatment Individuals per g of the wood-containing fore or aft
• the microorganism-containing medium may be selected
• Additives that stimulate microbial biomass include vitamins, glucose, and nitrogen
• Microorganisms and their exoenzymes eg lignin degrading
• Fungi and their enzyme spectra are deliberately introduced into the microorganism-containing medium.
• Wood-based material serves in particular to produce a wood material with a reduced content of wood extract
• precursors of VOC and / or VOC are believed to be due to biochemical processes of the primary and secondary metabolism in the
• the wood material is a pressed wood material, in particular a fiber or OSB board.
• pressed wood material it refers to all wood-based materials whose production comprises at least one step in which wood particles are compacted using pressure
• Wood material means any material or article containing or consisting predominantly of wood or wood-like materials.
• woody materials as used herein includes all lignocellulosic materials. Examples of woody
• Materials within the meaning of this invention are straw, hemp and / or flax.
• wood particles are used as a wood-containing intermediate or intermediate product and the above-described method for producing the wood-based material is designed such that it
• Binder and e) pressing the mixture into a pressed one
• wood particles any article which is predominantly of wood or contains woody material and which is suitable for the production of a wood material by compression.
• wood particles are understood in particular to be any form of fragments obtained by crushing cellulose Materials are wood particles within the meaning of this invention
• the wood particles in particular any form of small-sized wood material, i. especially shavings, OSB strands, fibers and / or flour.
• the wood particles especially if they are chips, fibers or strands, consist predominantly or completely of native wood.
• step c) the drying of the pretreated
• Wood particles - binder combination is most suitable. As has been found to be particularly useful if in step c) of the process according to the invention, the heating of the
• Wood particles takes place until the wood particles have reached a residual moisture content of 0.1 to 10%, in particular from 0.5 to 6%, preferably from 1 to 3%.
• the amount of the binder used in step d) of the process according to the invention is preferably from 0.01 to 15% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 7.5% by weight, based on the dry weight of the wood (atro).
• the binder is used in step d) in an amount of 1 to 15 wt .-% based on the dry weight of wood (atro).
• binder-wood particle combinations suitable.
• binders which can be used in the process according to the invention are aminoplasts, phenoplasts, vinyl acetates, isocyanates, epoxy resins and / or acrylic resins.
• Particularly preferred binders are urea-formaldehyde resin (UF), melamine-formaldehyde resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF),
• the binder used in step d) is a system based on urea-formaldehyde resins (UF), melamine-reinforced urea-formaldehyde resins (MUF), melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde resins (MUPF). , Phenolic Formaldehyde resins (PF), polymeric diisocyanates (PMDI) and / or isocyanates used.
• UF urea-formaldehyde resins
• UMF melamine-reinforced urea-formaldehyde resins
• MUPF melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde resins
• PMDI polymeric diisocyanates
• isocyanates used.
• Binder may further contain a hardener.
• the curing can also by pressing the
• Pressing temperature of at least about 150 ° C is performed.
• chips, fibers or strands of native wood proven.
• the invention furthermore also relates to a wood material which is produced or obtainable by the method according to the invention described here and in its various embodiments.
• the invention also includes the intermediates of the process of the invention. These include in particular the treated precursors or intermediates of the wood material.
• the invention also relates to a microorganism-containing medium for reducing the content of Wood extract substance, precursors of VOC and / or VOC in a material based on cellulose, in particular wood and / or a wood material, characterized in that the microorganism-containing medium in a bioreactor on cellulose-based material and / or the
• Cellulose-based material the wood-based material, the wood extract, the precursors of VOC, the VOC and the adaptation of the microorganisms as described above for the process according to the invention.
• the invention finally also relates to the use of a microorganism-containing medium for reducing the content of Hoizex Consumerstoff, precursors of VOC and / or VOC in wood or a wood material.
• the invention is based on
• FIG. 1 shows a GC-MS / SPME analysis of the hexanal fraction of untreated (control) and with wastewater treatment plant samples (PS, primary sludge, ES, thickening sludge) treated wood chips.
• PS wastewater treatment plant samples
• FIG. 2 shows a GC-MS / SPME analysis of the pentanal fraction of untreated (control) and with wastewater treatment plant samples
• FIG. 3 shows a GC-MS / SPME analysis of the hexanal fraction of untreated (control) and wood industry
• Wastewater (WSR, Stopfschneckenaustragswasser of a saw chip refiner, WCR, Stopfschneckenaustrasse water of a wood chip refiner) treated wood chips.
• Figure 4 shows a GC-MS / SPME analysis of the ⁇ -pinene fraction of untreated (control) and treated with a wastewater treatment woodchip biofilter sample (BF) wood chips.
• FIG. 5 shows a GC-MS / SPME analysis of the ⁇ -pinene fraction of untreated (control) and wood chips treated with a wastewater treatment biofilter sample (BF).
• FIG. 6 shows a GC-MS / SPME analysis of the ⁇ -3-carene fraction of untreated (control) and wood chips treated with a wastewater treatment biofilter sample (BF).
• FIG. 7 shows a GC-MS / SPME analysis of the hexanal fraction of untreated (control) and wood industry Wastewater (WSR, Stopfschneckenaustragsement
• FIG. 8 shows an MS analysis of the aldehyde emission of
• microorganism-containing medium various waste water samples were used. All wastewater samples served as a source of food as well as a microbial inoculum.
• Wastewater treatment plant effluents included species of the Enterobacteriaceae family such as Enterobacter chloacae, Klebsiella sp, Serratia ficaria, Pantoea spp. as well as the
• Pseudomonadacea such as Pseudomonas sp detectable.
• WSR and WCR microbiocenoses of the wood industry effluents
• the tubes were inoculated with 1 ml of the respective effluent (WCR, WSR, PS, and ES).
• the microorganism density was about 4 ⁇ 10 9
• the tubes were incubated for 7 days at 24 ° C and
• Wastewater effluent (PS and ES) treated samples is considered Bar chart shown in Figure 1.
• a corresponding comparison of the pentanal fraction is shown in FIG.
• VOC especially aldehydes
• precursors especially fatty acids
• SPME analysis The treated chips and the chips from the untreated control samples were freeze-dried and then subjected to solid phase micro extraction extraction analysis
• Oven temperature was maintained at 100 ° C for 1 min, then ramped up from linear to 325 ° C at 5 ° C min -1 and was then held for 14 min.
• the mass spectrometer was set to a mass range of 37 to 700 m / z.
• Wood chip biofilter (BF) of a municipal sewage treatment plant was used and as VOCs various terpenes (a-pinene, ß-pinene and ⁇ -3-carene) was analyzed by GC-MS / SPME analysis. The comparison of the pinene, ⁇ -pinene and ⁇ -3-carene fraction in the wood chips treated with the wood chip biofilter sample (BF) is shown as a bar chart in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6.
• microbial growth also leads to the consumption of terpene VOCs and / or their precursors.
• Example 2 For treatment, the same wood industry effluents (WCR and WSR) were used as in Example 1. 36 kg fresh pinewood strands with a moisture content of 58% were equivalently divided into 36 polyethylene zip-lock bags (40 x 60 cm 2 , 50 ⁇ m thick) and subsequently
• gamma sterilized dose: 25.5 kGy min according to ISO 9001: 2008. Twelve of the sterilized bags were inoculated with the wastewater WSR and WCR. 200 ml of the respective waste water were added to each aliquot. The microorganism density was about 1 x 10 9 microorganisms individuals per g Wood dry weight of pine wood strands. The wood moisture was 243%.
• the VOC content of the wood industrial wastewater treated samples and control samples was determined by GC-MS as described above.
• a comparison of the Hexanal fraction of wood treated wastewater (WSR and WCR) treated strands is known as
• the area-specific air exchange rate was set to 0, 5 m 3 xm ⁇ 2 xh -1 .
• test parameters were set and the VOC measurement protocol used as described in Stratev, D., Gradinger, C, Ters, T., Fackler, K., Kuncinger, T., Srebotnik, E. (2011) “Fungal pretreatment of pine wood to reduce the emission of volatile organic compounds ", Holzatori (65).
• Figure 8 shows the comparison of the "total aldehydes" fractions of the slabs produced from strands treated with wood industry waste water (WSR and WCR).
• Sheets of treated strands showed a significant reduction in their aldehyde emissions as compared to non-treated strands. The results indicate that microbial growth is responsible for the consumption of VOC

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Virology (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Cell Biology (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=49484282

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (1)

Citations (7)

• 2012
  • 2012-10-24 DE DE102012020842.1A patent/DE102012020842B4/de active Active
• 2013
  • 2013-10-24 ES ES13780362.3T patent/ES2691426T3/es active Active
  • 2013-10-24 HU HUE13780362A patent/HUE040579T2/hu unknown
  • 2013-10-24 PL PL13780362T patent/PL2912100T3/pl unknown
  • 2013-10-24 EP EP13780362.3A patent/EP2912100B1/de active Active
  • 2013-10-24 LT LTEP13780362.3T patent/LT2912100T/lt unknown
  • 2013-10-24 WO PCT/EP2013/072304 patent/WO2014064209A1/de active Application Filing

Patent Citations (7)

Non-Patent Citations (7)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events